Newspaper Page Text
BY S. ROSE & CO.
Tt CHAPMAN & S. ROSE. Editors.
T ■ l< >1 S .
Thf Georgia Journal t( Mm,eager is nublished eve
. \VcJnesday morning in the city of Macon, at the
! “ REDUCED RATE:
If paid strictly in advance, per year, *2 50
j{ not paid in aJrance, 3 00
ts not pa'* till the end of the year 4 00
an,, above terms will be rigidly enforced, without re
-1 to persons, ns the object of the Publishers is to do
Hwnessas nearly ns possible upon the cash principle—
Trrinz that their subscribers should reap the profits
E h usually SO to agents and collectors In no case
f the uaper be sent out of the State unless first paid
fhr or * satisfactory reference is given in Macon or its
‘'aDVERTISEMENTS inserted at the usual rates —
.hose not limited when handed in, will he inserted till
r, I hut a liberal discount will be allowed to persons
El advertise by the year, and who pay on demand.
All marriage notices, nnd obituary notices of over
alines will be charged at the usual rates.
All announcements of candidates for office , to be paid
,h usual rates, when inserted
f liberal arrangements made with County Officers,
Druggists. Auctioneers, and others, who may wish to
ro pe C rims please observe the following:
Sales of band and Negroes, by Executors, Adminis
trators and Guardians, are required by law to be adver
ted in a public gazette, sixty days previous to the day
° f iVse sales must be held on the first Tuesday in the
month, between the hours often in the forenoon and
Ihree m the afternoon, at the Court House in the county
‘"Thesales ofPersona'i Profierty must be advertised in
“"o [febtors and Creditors of an Estate must be
thiitapplicatioii will be made to the Court of
Ordinary for leave to sell Land and Negroes, must be
i , dished weekly for four months.
i Italians or Letters of Administration must be pub
lished thirty days —for Dismission from Administration,
monthly six months —for Dismission from Guardian-
Slt ‘J/ul','s for foreclosure of mortgage, must he published
monthly for four months— for establishing lost papers,
for the full space of three months— for compelling ti
tie* from Executors or Administrators where a bond has
been given by the deceased, the full space of three
months.
(jj- Letters on business to be post-paid.
WOOD AND BRADLEY,
MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN
AIIIN E T F L RNITUE
CHAIRS.
VI J OULD most respectfully inform the citizens of
Macon, and public generally, that having avail
ed themselves of the services of some of the very best
Workmen, and having a supply of the best materials,
are prepared to make to order any article in their line.
In addition to our present stock, such as Dming, Tea,,
Centre, Side, Work, Toilet. Quartette and Sofa Tables;
Bureaus ; Sideboards ; Sofas and Wardrobes-Sofas ;
Divans; Ottomans; Tettetetes; Foot-stools- Secreta
rvs ; Desks and Book Cases; Ladies’ Work Boxes and
Portable Desks ; Piano Stool; Looking Glasses and
Glass Plates of all sizes : Gilt, Mahogany and Walnut
Frames of all sizes for Pictures and Portraits; Cane
seat Settees and Counter Stools ; Mahogany and Wal
nut Chairs, Plush and Hair Cloth Seats ; a great varie
ty of curled Maple and Walnut Cane seats and other
kinds ; Rocking Chairs of patterns too numerous to
mention ; Mahogany, Walnut, curled and plain Maple,
Poplar and Pine Bedsteads, cheaper than ever ; Win
dow Shades, new, beautiful and rare patterns ; Fenth
ers. Feather Beds ; Mattrasses of curled Hair, Cotton
and Moss.
We have many articles not enumerated or introduc
ed in this market.
To Minufacturers —For sale, Fumitue Varnish,
Mahogany, Walnut, Plush,and Veniersand Bed Posts
N B Fumitue repaired neatly and with dispatch.
Old Sotas and Chairs reseated or covered with Hair
Cloth or Cane.
Macon, Nov. 3,1847. 6—ts
Piano Fortes.
THE subscriber respectfully informs the citizens of
Georgia, that he has the Agency for the sale of
PIANOS from a manufactory in New York—the arti
cle offered, is of the best woikinanship and materials,
and the latest style, very superior at low prices.—
Persons wishing to purchase, can see one of these in
struments at the subscriber’s residence.
JAMES VAN VALKENBURGH
Macon, Jan 5, 1848. 40 ts
SADDLE* ! SADDLES :
MORRIS &l WESTCOTT have on hand
t a first no* 1 assortment of SADDLES, IIAR
-1 NESS and CARRIAGE TRIMMINGS, of
all kinds, which they will sell at prices to suit the times
Their facilities are such that they can sell lower than
any other establishment of the kind in the citv.
Give us a call before you buy, is all we ask fora re
commendation REP AIRING done at reduced prices,
in a workman-like manner
Cotton Avenue, next door to Isaac Winship.
April 1. 1848. 10
JB |:J < \KI<I \GES A IIVKM SS.
, De Loache & Wilcoxson have on
hand, at their old stand on Mulberry
w..i- street, Macon, one of the most exten- j
sive anJ valuable stocks of ready made
CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, SULKIES,
Arc. Arc. Arc.
to be found in die Southern States. Customers can lie
accommodated either with Northern articles or with
those of Domestic manufacture, as they prefer. Their i
stock of materials is very superior, and their workmen ,
not surpassed by any in the Northern shops. They 1
can, therefore, warrant every article which they offer
for sale. They feel assured that, for extent, beauty, va
riety and workmanship, their slock is not sur- |
passed in the South.
fcjgF Carriages. &c. made to older, and all kinds of
Rf.vatrino done with neatness anil despatch.
For Sale, also, on the most accommodating terms.
El in hr tyring*. Axles, Steps, Hands, Lamps, (ouch
Lace; Latent and Top Leather, Plated and Ja
panned Harness Mountings; Paints, Oils, Var
nish, tsc.
March 28,1848. 52
HARDEMAN & HAMILTON,
Wim*llou*e ami Commission Merchant**,
MACON,
HAMILTON Sc HARDEMAN,
Factor* and Commission Merchant*,
SAVANNAH,
a WILL give prompt ntt.mtnm to the sale of
Cotton and Country produce, as well as to
the tilling of orders for Bagging, Rope, nnd
fotnily supplies. Sept. 28. 86 ts
WAREHOUSE AND COMMISSION BUSINESS
PSXx'tv THE subscriber, having removed from the
MWahkhoc.se occupied by him ln**t year, and
taken that long known as < k % yen’ Warehouse,
opposite to Gravis, Wood 6l Co’s. Store, respectfully
tenders his thanks to bis former patron* and friends, arid
•oheitaa continuance of their patronage, with the assur
#ncf mat lie will devote his whole time and spare no es -
onmo promote their interest Liberal advances will
ta?!"!.*. 10 who require them; and orders for
SAGGING. ROPE and TWINK.and other M<-rchao-
U| *e, promptly filled on the most reasonable terms.
, . , GEO JEWETT.
v '*y 18th, 1847 7
DVSON, COOPED & ROBERTS
.W* WILL continue the WAREHOUSE nnd
■ 0.8 MISSION 111 SINI SS the ensuing
’heir Fire-Proof Ware-Hou*e
I nfinkfitl to our friends lor their former patronage,
* r **P p ctlully nsk a continuance of the same, with
J** Uftirnncf that our best efforts will be given to pro
■We their interests.
Liberal advance* wilt be made nn cotton in Htore,
*> customary rate*.
T'l'MlH DVBON. JON M room, AND WM. M. R"HIRT*.
March 1, 116 |
NEW CASH BAICERV.
I has taken the Hahirv, formerly
\i. **'*• -i , pie| by J. W Adder),old. two d<sirs below
ta-i •. * Millenary on Mulberry Street, nnd is
Uftfv f I ° N ‘ , 1 , 1 , 1y die citizens o| MBroil with eveiy VB
lm'td, cake Sir, of the best oiimlilv and nl
Poun/r!.!?’ * twpple of Ten ftpunge and
,v ?tl |, r * Fnrnllif on hand. Hot bread every
Diie,/ i? TV** nt a distance will lie sup
f-Wd. K. TV NEK.
I<*<‘ < renin s itio<l ii.
\I ‘ ■
“Uell t ?Vi i bt pottieulnr that he fs neatly
fbrr tr*c ar,,,! *iAU>tN in the rear of In* Bakery,
trorn In', • I oft He best quality esn he had daily
Sit,m Z nT* A M toiop \| an I where etery ..!•
1 paid to the comfort and taste of Visitors
•t|,„rf 8,1 a Bilix< furuished by the quart or gallon
Miv , lr ‘* a,,( l ** ptices exceedingly moderate
1 *m -8 K T
SPRING GOODS.
I I„; .re now rwvjii, * vrrv nuivriar
*"„r ‘“Xiraffi mill Vrallnt. |..r S|i:mn
,n 4 on * r '’ i’nr-pnr.-G to innkr up in fin. ,IVIr
r y tnodertt- t.rin., |HirtM-ulnrly (nf I.*M
M.rrh • I’KTKR * JAl’Jrt-rBTTLR.
4
Georgia Journal mb ilTesocngcr.
Moi*c !>c\v Good*.
suhscriher is now receiving nnothcr fresh lot of
I NEW GOODS, direet from New York, which
together with those already in store, mnkes one of the
largest nnd most desirable stocks he has ever had.-
Many entire new styles which nre verv handsome may
be found, ns his stock is now complete, nnd those in
pursuit of fine dress goods will find the following pat
terns, viz:
Rich Broche Grenadine Fancy Muslin Needle
“ Satin stripe emb. Be- Worked Collars
rages Silk anil Cotton Hosiery
‘ Broche Brestletenes Bird’s Eye Din;*er
“ Plaid Silk Luxore Jaconet, Nunsook, Mull
I issii‘ Bareges nnd Swiss Muslin
Silk Muslins Linen Cambric Hdkfs.
“ Lisl? Ginghams Hemstitched do
“ Enrlston & French do Bleach and Brown Table
“ Kmh. Muslin do Dinper
“ Printed Jne’t Muslins Bleached Satin Jeans
“ ** f rench Lawns “ and brown Sheetings
Culicoes and Shirtings
r alley Sdk Cravats, Marseilles ami Satin Votings,
i Broadcloths, Cassimeres, Summer Cassimeres and
Gambroons, Cottonades, Union Plaids for Pantaloons,
Nankeen, Black Lasting, Drnpd'Tn, very fine Russia
and Se< tch Diapers, 6-4 and 12-4 Cotton Sheeting,
Linen Sheeting, Linen for Pillow Cases. Irbh Linens,
Carpeting, Rugs, &c. The public are invit*d to call
ns there are great inducements for those purchasing
new Goods for cosh. G. W. WOODRUFF.
| Store on Second street, next door to G. W. Price’s.
April 26 4
Gi:i** Cloths.
JUST received, 50 pieces (irass Cloths for Skirts;
and six pieces of Lace Netting
Jule 26 17 G. W WCMIDRUFF
Musical liistiiiiik iils.
i rp HE undersigned having been appointed Agent for
-L F. Zoghaum’s Hartnonie Institute, Charleston, S.
C. is enabled toofler an assortment of Musical Instru
ments nt unparalleled low prices; he will also keep
constantly on hnnd an assortment of Musical Merchan
dize of all kinds. Complete sets of Instruments for
Bands &c. can he furnished.
These goods are imported into Charleston direct from
Europe by Mr. Zogbaum, and can be afford
ed at prices tar below any thing that has yet l>een offer
ed in this part of the country.
March 22 51 6m B. L. BURNETT.
K. 1.. 11l It \ L I TANARUS,
HAS removed from the old stand of C. K.
j; - Wentworth Cos. to Cotton Avenue, near the
ft ' L - ! c(rnei of Cherry street, where he is prepared to
offer his customers old nnd new, some of the cheapest
bargains in JKWELKY ever sold in Macon His
collection of goods has been made with great care, and
will he sold remarkably cheap.
All kinds of Clock nnd Watch Work done with
despatch and warranted.
April 5 1
FM.\K WATCIILS.—Just received and for sale,
next door to Mr, Bancroft’s, on Cotton Avenue,
a supply of Fine Gold Hunting, Double Bottom
and Ancher Lever Gold Watches. Warranted to keep
time, and at prices to suit the times.
April 5 1 B. L. BURNETT.
UJ ATCTI KEYS—A new and elegant article.
Dont forget to call and see them.
April 5 1 B. L BURNETT.
(N OLD PENS in both Gold nnd Silver holders.
Ji Also, a large assortment of Gold and Silver Fen
cils—the best and cheapest in the market.
April 5 1 B L. BURNETT.
(''l OLD STUDS for Gentlemen's use and now
J the fashion, lor sale by
jApril 5 1 B. L. BURNETT.
FINGEK HIVCS.—A new and elegant assort
ment, ju9t received. B. L. BURNETT.
April 5 1
r VDIES’ HREAST PINS.—A few of new
A patterns, rare and extremely neat, for sale at
April 5 I B. L. BURNETT S.
SPECTACLES —Gold & Silver frames with Burt’s
Perifocal Glasses—the best now in use, for sale by
April 4 1 B L BURNETT.
CtOLAR LAMPS Fins s<-i,-.r Lnn|
IO and Brass Chamber Candlesticks, for sale by
April 5 1 B L BURNETT.
HILVER SPOONS and Butter Knives—just re
£s ceived and for sale by
April 5 1 B. L. BURNETT.
PLATED WARE, —Elegant Plated Castors.
Fruit Baskets, Waiters, Candlesticks, Snuffers and
Trays, Cups, &c.—just opened and for sale by
Afdfft I ST L. RURNETT.
eslcrii Hail lioal.
rjAHE following resolution was passed at the last
JL meeting of the Board of Directors
“That the Board adopts generally, the line of Road,
surveyed by Mr. Holcomb, Chief Engineer, crossing
Flint River, in the vicinicy of the mouth of Beaver creek,
and that the localities be continued thereon, with only
such deviations as may shorten the line, or diminish
. the expense.”
ELAM ALEXANDER, President.
Office So. Western R. R. Cos. /
Macon, 9th June, 1848. \
June 14 11 3tn
I.ml Roatl Installments
iggiggyg&Jf&gs.
| A N additional ins?allmentot Ten Dollars pershare
i /A in the Stock of this Company, has been calleii,
payable on the Ist of October, 184*, and n further in
: stallment of Thirteen Dolloisper share, payable on th'’
| Ist January. 1849. Payments tube made at the Os
fice of the Company, nt Macon.
ELAM ALEXANDER, President.
I Oflice So. Western R K Cos. >
Macon, 9th June, 1848. S June 14 11
Hlacon untl Weslern Ksiil Road.
c ham ra ip mvi ■ ~
ON and after the 27th March, the Passenger train*
of this Road will run daily os follows, connecting
nt Atlanta with the Western and Atlantic and Geor
gia Kail Ronds.
Ix*nve Macon at 6 A. M.—arrive at Atlanta 121
at Dalton HP M.
licnve Dalton 4 A. M —arrive at Atlanta 11 A. M
and Macon, 6 P. M.
Passengers for Savannah will sleep one night in Ma
con. ondleave next day nt 7 A M.
The Trains of the Western and Atlantic Road do
j not run on Sundnvs.
Fnres between l>n!ton and Savannah, sls
i “ •• M MM ‘J
Atlanta ind Savannah It
Macon 4
EMERSON FOOTE* Superintendent.
Macon, March 22 M
NEW ARIIANGEMENtT~
United States Mail line—Daily,
flehceen Sarnnnah and Charleston rta Hilton Head
i and Heanfort, Inland two-thirds of the way
&M „ zrzrzc &zsL
MET AMOR Captain F. Barden,
MM ME \IIHODK, ("apt T Lyon.
GEN. (MX I!* Cnpt Win Cuny,.
Will hereafter leave Snvaiimih every ev. nlug at half
past 8 o'clock, nn l Charleston every morning nt 9 o'-
clock, pren ly, touching nt Hilton Head and liesu
fort each way, nnd a voiding two-thirds ol the aea route.
For Freight or panaage npnly on board or lo
BROOKS A TUPPER, A4*tsSavannah.
E LAFITTE, A CO \g*taCharleston.
N B —All (roods, intended for Suvunnahor Charles,
ton, will la* forwarded by the Ageuta if directed to their
i enrr, free of commission*
All way freight payable by shippem.
I 111
Sniii\vccklj I'. *• Ruth
1 BETWEEN
MAVANNAIIA PALATKA, FLA.
•v Titr way or
Darien, Bi unsmiclt, St Mary's. Hat Jacksonnlls,
Block ('reek and ficolata, Phi
In cot meet ion with the Charleston iViilv Mail Steam*
tmekets at Sivantmh. the steamer MAH Ml SPALD-
I NO, from Pshtks to L ike Monroe, the U. S Mail
Stages from Pkiolata i” Si. Augustin*, anlfrom Black
Cre*k, via Newuonevdle, Alligator, Mineral Spring*
nnd Columbus, lo Tidlahn^ee
CM kMI LGEE. Eapf V MeNelty
Ml’. M ATFIIEWM, Cant N King
\l M. GAvroN, Cnpt .1 ILbbsH
‘Pile Packets leave Savannah every Tuesday and
Bnt mlay momitig*, a* 10o'clock, inti strive a* I’lf-la
ta in time tortbe Mail Stages to go through to St Au
gustine lieforr night everv Thtitmiay snd M'miav
Returning, leave Paiatka every Tneaday and Friday
morning a i o*rlick. touching a* ab<ve each wav.
HKOOKfI A TUPPKR, Agents.
Savannah, Jan 86 M
N n,-Goods consigned to the agents fbnimded free
I ofcoinminsion. Freignt from Savannah and Uhtrlca*
! ton, and all way height, payable by *hipier
MACON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY AUGUST 2, 1848.
‘Flu* .Mind, the Heart and Soul.
The following lines seein to lie travelling about with
out an owner, the author being too much of a genius and
too modest to fix hi* name to an effusion which entitles
him to rank with the first poe\s in the English languuge.
The Human Mind. that lofty thing,
The palace and the throne,
Where reason sits a sceptred king,
Ami breathes his judgment tone.
Oli! who with ai'ent step* shall trace
The borders of that haunted place,
Nor in his weakness own
That mystery and marvel bind
That lotiy thing the Human Mind !
The Human Heart . that restless thing,
The tempter, and the tried,
The joyous, yet the suffering,
i’he source of pain and pride,
The gorgeous—thronged—th<- desolate—
The seat of Love, and lair of Hate—
Self-stung— self deified,
Yet we do bless thee us thou art,
Thou restless thing, the Human Heart!
The Human Soul, that startling thing,
Mysterious yut sublime,
The Angel sleeping on the wing,
Worn by the ecofls of time
| The beautiful, the veiled, the bound,
The earth enthrall’d, the glory crowned,
I’he smitten in its prime,
From Heaven in tears, to earth it stoic.
That startling thing, the Human Soul !
And this is Man ! ()h nsk of him
The erring, hut forgiven—
While o’er his vision drear and dim
The wrecks of time are driven,
If Pride or Passion in their power,
Can stem the tide, or turn the hour,
Or stand in place of Heaven ?
He bends the brow—he bows the knee—
Creator! Father! none hut Thf.f.!
Review of the Life and Services of
GEN. LEWIS CASS.
Lewis Cass the Democratic candidate for the Presi
dency, i9 a native of New Hampshire, whete he was
born October 9th 1782. His father Major Cass, was a
gallant revolutionary officer, and in 1799 superintended
the recruiting service in Delaware for what was then
called by the democrats the “provision-eating army.”
At this time the son Lewis, was the preceptor of the
grammar school in Wilmington,and always appeared
with a black cockade in his hat About the year 1803
Lewis Cass removed to Marietta, in what was their
the North-western Territory. Here he studied law in
the office of Matthew Backus, an attorney, and in that
year or the next delivered a 4th of July oration, so ultra
in its character that even the high-toned Federalists
pronounced it a “little too spicy.” At that time,accord
ing to his own accounts of the opinionsof the Federal
ist**, he disbelieves in the capacity of man forself-gov
ernment; nnd hisdouht9 on this subject were only re
moved by his appointment by a Democratic President
to an office worth from $2,500 to $3,500 a year. On
receiving this appointment he became perfectly persua
ded that his former views in this respect were incor
rect, and at the ripe nge of twenty-five years, adopted
the sentiments of Thomas Jefferson, which, with only
such changes ns would recommend him to the Presi
dent for the time being, he has retained to the present
day.
It was in the month of March, 1807, that Lewis
Cass was first permitted to taste the sweets of Execu
tive patronage, and from that day to the period of hie
return from the Court of the King of the French he con
tinued in their uninterrupted enjoyment. He seems to
have taken tor his motto the words of the old song :
“ And whatsoever king may reign.
I’ll be the Vicar of Bray sir.’’
No service came amiss, ltwns all the same to him
whether Madison or Monroe was in the chair, John
Quincy Adams or General Jackson, lie is not of the
stuff ihat makes martyrs. Live when he might have
lived, Lewis Cass would never have been burned for
opinion's sake. He ho always fWdo<MM*<l n rp.nnrlf.
able faculty of making himself acceptable to Chief Mag
istrates,whether Presidents or Kings.
From 1807 to 1812, the subject of our memoir re
mained marshal of Ohio, and rejoiced os a patriot in
the fees of that lucrative office In the year last men
tioned he became a colonel of the Ohio volunteers, on
the breaking out of hostilities with Great Britian, anil
in this capacity marched to Detroit, with the army un
der the command ot General Hull. Here commences
his military career.
A9 far as history, or more partial biography, records
his martial services, they may be thus enumerated, viz;
1. The landing in Canada with General Hull.
2. The authorship of Gen Hull’s proclamation.
3. The skirmishes at the river Aux Canards.
4. The retreat f-oin Canada with General Hull.
5. Thealledged breaking of his sword on the memora
rable ooeasion of Hull’s surrender.
6. His presence ot the bnttle of the Thames.
Now, it would not be the slightest disparagement to
IxewisCass tosnv that h* had never won any military
distinction. We find no fault with him on that score. As
far ns his miltnry fame goes it is not the copper that we
ohjectto.but the attempt, by silvering or gilding, to pass
the penny offfora better coin. It is the “counterfeit
presentment ” that does him dishonor, not the absence
of distinguished achievements. We propose therefore
very briefly, to examine the claims so pompously put
forth in the Sketch of Mr. Cass's Life, issued from the
office of the Congressional Globe, of which it is said,
i 100,000 copies have bc*n circulated through the country
! It is set forth in italics, in the Sketch we Imve cited
that “ General Cass was thr first man to land in arms
in the enemy's country ” Futherinore, ail interesting
anecdote, in illustration of this event, is narrated in the
i sun** biography, which was told, it seems, with much
| spirit, by the late gallant and lamented General Hamer.
1 The carriage containing General Cass, whde on his
| tour through Ohio, was one day stop|ed by a man who,
! oddressingthe General, said : “ 1 can’t let you pass
without spenking to you You don’t know me, (Gener
al.” General Css* replied that lie did not. “ Well,
sir,” said he, “ 1 was the first man in your regiment to
jump out of the boat on the Cunadian shore ” “No
you were not,” said General Cn*,“ I was the first man
my*e|f on shore ” “True,” said the other,” I jumped
out first into the river, to get ahead of you, but you held
me back, and got on shore ahead of me.”
Certainly there might well have been cirruinstnnces
in which Inis zeal to land first in an enemy’s country
might have been highly creditable, and where we could
have pardoned the gallant Colonel tor seeking to de
prive the unarmed and nameless individual alluded to
in the anecdote of such distinction We call for the
man's name We wish to know whom the gallant
General has robbed of this honor, now enumerated
niuong the claims to the Presidency If there is any
glory due to the exploit, our friend from Ohio Is enti
tled to the lion’s share of it.
But as we have intimated, it depends very much up
on circuinstances how fur such an achievement entitles
its actor to renown. li the landing was disputed and
dangerous ;if the’ C tonel threw himself into a
serried host of enemies as he leaped upon the beach or
the sod ; if hostile inuket* were aimed at h m. and hn
j die swords pointed at Ins breast, it was a gallant and ,
glorious achievement, and worthy ol liemg c* lebrated
| not only on the nag** of the biographer, but in the strains
|of the poet. We observe, by the way, that other mu
ses than the dume ol history have been pressed into the i
; celebration of this eventful landing.
One woul I supp >-c th at, since the landing of Colutu
| bus, there w re really no landing on record to be com* 1
pared to the ianditu of Cass in Canada. We find in
llir otiieiai journal ol the 21st June the following po
| rticul v n siott of this atiim
‘* When war's flrce conflict through the land
Sent forth its dread alarms,
The thrilling bugle's sound was beard,
Ainl fieemen tu-lied to arms ;
Bold Cams led on our gallum baud,
To save the vast frontier.
With daring hand our flag sutinined—
The hrsve old Volunteer.
1 C Hours—The brave, the hr ave .the brave old volunteer,
The brave, the hiuve, the brave old volunteer. :
” The hist to land on hostile shore,
lie fought them long and well {
On Can*!d'< bridge ana Thame*’ proud field
< Hd England's banner fell.” Ve Ac.
| This is all very well for bortry; but we shall tap 1
this poetical balloon, ami mate phuii prose of it. That |
1 CsssWS*a Colon lof nuhlii w< Hti.nl not deny, hui ;
how much lie did” to save the rust frontier, remains to
he flrt-n. And what ‘l*e “ landing ‘’ amounted to nnd
the “ long “ fighting,may !*• very briefly told.
Whether or not Colonel Cans was really the first man 1
to I*nd in Canada, during the lit Wir, we can find
nothing In the nnnnla o| iTe times to satisfy ns. II."to
J ry, sometime* tinniitdfulof her trust, hi* tailed to,
| record alike the name ot the lion man who Inin led in i
Canada mi that i*i*ci*Hßmid that of bun who waaiie
l it,Staff three weeks afterward* to ran away from
! ( anoda perhaj* neither of *hee questions would j
j have iiecotnr ol mueli im|Mrtanc.\ in view id the igno i
’ niiuiou” issue of that ex|*e>huon, were it not that, lor i
| ihe want ol some more illurinous exploit, it i* though’
denrshle tc make General Csss tbeliero olthe Csnsdi- 1
■n invasion id 1*412 1 What the history ot that affair j
’ can wive, beyond illustrating the nri ot coming out ol i
the little end td the horn, ws are really at a loss to im I
aguie The lnt man to leave Canada ha* not beenso j
micocsalul aCo|onrlCas in having an autobigraphrr i
•* |fe had no poet and he died.”
Hut further of this celebrated lauding Unfortunate- I
ly tor the lame id ihe”tir*t man ‘ of the Canada expedi |
| was unattended with the “bidding of blood It
wn* accomplished without the loss of a single man.dead
at wou ded “We are IttiW M announce, ’’ says
Ihtsse't Auiora, tvo> 3, p PM,) ol that day. the gk>-
rious news that General Hull and his army hid land
ed safe in Canada, with little or no opposition, and tu
ken possession of the town of Sandwich.”
“By the 11th,” says another account by an officer of
the army. “ w.* had brought up our military stores, nnd
nt break of day gave them a display of our little nrmv
m order of battle, and just at sunrise crossed, and made
good our landing on the Canada shore in their sight
but, greatly to our surprise, without experiencing anu
opposition, or the firing of a single shot at us (3 Du
ane's fi eekly Aurora, 108.)
Rolieri Wallace, jr., one of the aids of General Hull
wrote ns follows: “ The most of our army landed oil
the British shore this morning, without opposition—
{same, 113.)
.. “ The army,’’ says another eotemporarnry account
crossed Detroit river, above the town, on the I2th’
without receiving any opposition Sandwich a beau
tilul and extensive village, opposite Detroit. was deser
ted and evacuated —(&ifne,l26.)
A soldier, writing in the Chilicothe Free do man of
that day. gives a still more graphic description of this
gallant landing : “I appeal to any American in the
army to say, if at that moment (lOth of July) we ought
not to have been lx*fore the battlements of Malden
< >h, what laurels awaited us there ! I have no more
doubt that Fort Malden, in Upper Canada, would have
; surrendered to us then, without our losing scarcely a
| man, than 1 have of Old General Hull’s being n coward
| day or two afterwards we crossed the river, nnd that
poor soul wag heard to exclaim, when the boat that
1 oirri and him was about to touch the shore,” the critical
i moment draws near !’’when we were met by an awful
| force to be sure —two old women waving white hand
’ kerchiefs .’ “—(Same, 191.)
Now if we have not taken all the heorism and all the
i poetry out of this story of Colonel Cass being the first
I man to land in Canada in arms we will never put p n
to paper again. Even the two old women it appears,
i who were the only human beings insight of the Amer
! lean army, displayed tokens of truce ! ‘i’he only anus
I that figured on that eventful day were the arms of two
female veterans, who shook their white flags, to show
! General Hull and Colonel Cass that their intentions
! were pacific and.tint they entertained'no thought of op
-1 posing their landing ! Who can tail to admire the ar
-1 (lent enthitsinm of the gallant youth, thus generously
j braving the perils of so noble an enterprise ? It was
j certainly an exploit worthy of the generous emulation
with which he contested the honor with his comrade
I It is a scene for a painter as well as a poet. Just im
, ngineit on the canvass—the boats approaching the
: shore, Colonel Cass ahead. His pinnance touches bot
tom. This is the moment to fire the genius of th-* ar
tist; and the undying canvass exhibits of Colonel Cass,
swordin hnnd breathing patriotism nnd defiance,snug
gling with his friend from Ohio for the glory
of first stepping on hostile soil, and the two old ladies
in the hack ground waving the expressive symbols of
pence !
11. After the landing was thus gloriously achieved,
and hi 4 * troops were all “safe” on shore, established in
a fortified camp in the” true Roman style.” General
Hull issued n proclamation, which, says Cass’s biogra
pher, with much simplicity. “ for the eloquence and
high spirit that it contained cannot he surpassed ; but it
w is sadly in contrast with the fulfilment of its profes
sions* This was generally understood to have been writ
ten by Gen. Hull. Ingersoll, in his History ofthe late
War.speaks of it contemptuously—as“ threatening.”
‘ vaporing,” and “ pompous.” The honor of its com
position lies between General Hull and Co'onel Cass
A writer i. the yational Portrait Gallery in a biog
raphical notice of the Colonel, then Secretary of War
attributes the authorship to his pen. Lanman, in the
History of Michigan, also gives him the credit of it.—
These statements were probably authorised by Gener
al Cass and we have no doubt of their literal accuracy.
The biographer of Gen. Hull says that this claim was
never set up until after the death of the only person ca
pable ofdisaprnving it, if it were unfounded But thi9
does not discredit the statement. It would have been in
delicate in the subaltern to advance such a pretension du
ring the lifetime of his superior officer. B ‘sides, the
internal evidence is very strong in support of theal
ledged authorship. The paper is in the true Cass vein.
It savors of the 54° 40’ braggadocio employed to fright
| en England, and Mr Senator Cass’s advocacy of the
i Ten Regiment Bill for the purpose of frightening Mex
ico into the adoption of the treaty * Gen. Cass has
never lost an opportunity of frightening an enemy
I whenever it could be done by words. Perhaps he is
(the bravest man on paper who ever figured in our histo
ry ; and we sincerely regret, for hi 9 own aak*\ that he
has never been favored with a chance for displaying his
valor in the field
I We extract the material passages of this celebrated
paper to show how true is tne remark of Mr. Cass’s bi-
I ographer that it was “ sadly in contrast with the ful-
Ihi meat of its profession” It was addressed to ihe
* inhdlNMntn of Canada :
I ‘* In the name of my country anti hv the authority of
Government I promise you protection to your persons
\ property, and rishts ; remain at yqur homes, pursue
| your peacefi i and customary avocations, raise not your
! hands against your hrethen Many of your fathers
fought for the freedom anti independence we now en
joy. Being children, therefore, o the same family with
us, nnd heirs to the same heritage, the arrival of an
nrmv of friends, must he hailed bv you with a cordial
welcome. You will he emancipated from tyranny
and depression anti restored to the dignified station of
freemen. Had l ary doubt of eventful success, I
might nsk your assistance, but Ido not I come pre
pared for every contingency. I HAVE A FORCE WHICH
WILL LOOK DOWN ALL OPPOSITION. AND THAT FORi £ls
BUT THE VANGUARD OF 4 MUCH GREATER If. Contrary
to your own interest nnd the just expectations of my
eonntrv.you should take part in the approaching con
test, von will be considered and treated ns enemies,
and the horrors and calamities of war will stalk before
| you. If the barbarous and savage policy of Great Brit
ian lie pursued, and the savages be let loose to murder
our citizen*,and butcher our women and children, this
j war will he a war of extermination. Th* first stroke
I of the tomahawk, the first attempt with the scalping
knife, will be the signal of one indiscriminate scene of
desolation. No white man found fighting by ibe side of
an Indian will he taken prisoner : instant destruction
will he his lot. If the dictates of reason.dufy, justice,
j and humanity cannot prevent the employment of a
: force which respects no rigkts and knows no wrong, it
will be prevented by n severe and relentless system of re
taliation I doubt not your courage and firmness 1
will not doubt your attachment to liberty. The United
States offer you peace, liberty, and security. Your
choice lie* between those, and war, slavery, nnd de
’ struct ion.
Such is wlmt General Armstrong justly styles the
“vaunting” proclamation with which Colonel Cass un
dertook to frighten the Canadians. It would have dona
j honor to Bomhastes or Bobadil The ludicrous cop
un?t in which it stands to the ignominous retreat of
j this army “strong enough to look down nil opposition”
li* humiliating to all concerned in it. We shall only
add that, when we came to the adjustment of the treaty
1 of pence, it wn* expressly disavowed by our commis
sioners at Ghent, and said to be unauthorized <>y the
American Government.
Ilf. Bat after landing"first' , on the Canada 4iore,nnl
issuing this proclamation, it appear* thnt Col Ca*s
“fought them lonu and ire/f'—and according to hi* bi
ographer ‘spilt the fir at blood during the Uiot tear." —
Now thia nppeara to us a* meagre a recommendation ns
i* the met tof the first landing. Spilling blood of itaelf
j is of no great importance. except it lead* to Mime im
portant result. VVe have agnin consulted tile records
1 to team the truth ns to these gallunt exploits ot Col.
I Cn*s on the Canada shore.
VVe find an nc mint of two skirmishes at the river
Aux Canard#,in which ColonelCa*a“participated
II ikin* m his History of the Late War describes them
as “exped 11 oils of trilling consequence.” He litile
’ thought that they would lie made use of at a remote day
i h the reputation of a boro
The following narration, which we copy from page
ISrt, volume 3, of Dunnt * Weekly Aurora, gives very
lull particulars of these affairs, from the lips of Captain
Sutton and Lieutenant Van Home, of the American
army :
“On the !6i!i ultimo, about 3t men under the com
mand of Colonels Cass and Miller, were d< ‘patched to
reconnoitre the British who were (Misted 3iti strop;', at
the hi idgo a Unit live miles from MaldefUiod iwt Ivefroin
Sandwich, After arriving near the bridge. Colonels
Cum and Miller detached Captain Robinson'! compa
ny to amuse the enemy, while they marched up the riv
et ai out seven miles, and crossed ut the ford lor the pur
|s>se ot surprising them, and intercepting their retreat
to Malden, |l"pe* were entertained iliat the whole of
the Ih .tish would have treeii taken ; hut Cat.trim Bob
itison executed his order* so badly thnt Colonels Cass
mid Miller were unable to gam their meditated posi
tion before they were discovered by the Britudi
“A alight skirmish however took place; h it the de
tachment immediately charged on the enemy, who re
treated precipitately to the tort. 11l the skirtm*h the
British lost II men in killed and wounded. Alter tak
mg possession of the ground the enemy lelt, Colonels
Coe and Miller ordered Captain Robertson to occupy
the budge nu t guard it thnt night—tin* ret of the de
tachment occupied Itie houses e-uitigiHMis lluimg tie
night tliey were lemtoroed by the fret of the regum-nt.
The next non mmi the detachmnnt reroniuiitneU the
fount’ it mound, but nut finding milt •/ the ew oiy, they
evacuated the bridge nnd returned to the egmp with
- standing any loot
” Immediately alter the detachment evacuated the
bridge, the lii'ish refuted themoelve there With six
pieces ot artillery On the HHh, Col M'Arthur wni
detached with Major Trimble's battalion a- a -cMiumi
party They immediately matched lor the budge mhj
spent must ot the day skinmshing. m which tin iintidi
mot n i.e ;Vr In killed snd Wounded, Col. VCAithur
had only two men slightly wo mded In the evening
th yw. re reinforced Iy Col Css*’ with one battalion
from his rgi neiit and a field piece. The next morn
ing fb*g dre .** th* u'\ol* up iujnder oj buttle in Jiont
of the bridge nnd Artd a Jew inunde. when the ene
my enrnmenred a begpg rnnnon iding on them The
ilet nth went then Jiled ojf wnd returned to the romp
Al l. - v
But we hsve an account id the latter expedition from
the pen of Colonel M Arthur himself **We fought
about ihree hours,” says the Colonel, “at •• greut u
•Imtaiire, nod the rirer between go, that their could
be hut little mjurg done on either eidr I encamped
with my iSo m* ti u trout 11 tin lea fruit Aux Canard,
mid was joined next ntonurtg by t olond Cusp, and
•Uut too men We all immediately repaired to the
nrighhoihood of tlie bridge, for the put;>*►•• ot taking
a nr* of our neighbors ; their hist salute was the die*
• barge vf a couple f Six pounders J they fired alsuil fan
aii.ii at us 2Vb man was hurt , hut some a little
scared * * * The men which I had with me maybe
said to he brave, but very hard to keep in good order in
time of buttle. 1 trust, however, that they will do hon
or to themselves and country should they have an op
portunity of displaying their valor, but this could not
be done fairly, across a small deep river ”
Phis is the sum of the long and hard lighting which
our “brave old volunteer’ saw in C&uadn. We lmv<
no disposition to disparage its importance, but we do
think that it furnishes the smallest available capital that
any hero ol our acquaintance ever undertook to trade
upon.
1\ Having disposed of the preliminary nchieve
i incuts, we come to the next exploit in the order of time
in the military career of Colonel Cass —the Retreat
I from Canada. This is to lie looked at in the light ol
: ihe “vaporing” proclamation. With the exception of
J the expeditions above mentioned .General Hull remain
ed inactive in his camp at Sandwich until the Bth of I
August, when he gave orders for the main body to
recross the river and retire to Detroit “The unhap
py Canadians, ’’ says an historian of the war, “who
had been induced by the General's proclamation to ac
cept his protection, were abandoned to the vengeance
ot the British arms.”—(Perkins, H 2.) In the honors of
this retreat,Colonel Cass “participated.”
V. Now. as to the sword-breaking achievement.—
At the Bnlti i ore Convention which nominated Gen
oni I’ ass, Mr. Humphreys, of Maryland, said, that it
gave him great pleasure to present that State with an
undivided front: “The Democracy of his State, though
< -ften defeated, had never been conquered. (Applause.)
They remembered Lewi* Cass an the first man who
planted the flag of their country on the Canadian soil in
ti te war of 1812. and who rather than surrender his
sword on the defeat of Hull,shattered it into fragments.
(Great applause.) Maryland would do her duty, and
her whole duty. She would give the nominees of the
Convention fifteen hundred majority.” (Great up
plu i*e.)
A ’ll is Maryland Democracy must be a wonderful bo
ny He give such a majority for Cass, when two-third* of
| ib” v oters in the State have declared lor General Tay
lor ! But not more wonderful on this account, than
’ for th dr singular faculty of remembering what never
j took p lace.
Casf’s biographer is more modest than the gentle
man fr< >m Maryland, and say* not a word about ’his
i traclure of the sword His poet is a little bolder. We
thus fin and the event chronicled in the Official Journal :
“When Hull surrendered to the foe,
And quailed his lien it with fear ;
Hold Cuss refused his sword to yield —
The brace old volunteer /”
Tbit is a milder form of the exploit. The orator
makes the Colonel bre ik his sword in a fit of indigna
tion. A'h ? poet makes him refuse to surrender it. The
biographer says nothing about if. We turn to history
lorinfornia non. History “dumb, too!”—mute ns an
oyster!
This sv.'o rd story ot Mr Humphrey’s is a very cu
rious one. 1 fit is true, then it may be said oi Hull’s
colonels, that they were the most remarkable men for
the use of ti eir aworaa mentioned in history. The
memorable ex ploits they accomplished with these weap
ons were perlo rtned on the last place a soldier would
much care ahi *ut displaying them—oil the field of sur
render. (>n th * field ol battle they were well enough—
but in the field of defeat perfect fire-eaters, heroes,
Hectors.
Now, we find ’• m the annals of those times two sword -
stories, told of tv. o other of Hull’s colonels, on the same
occasion. Perl Una states that Colon#*! McArthur,
when Ins svx ord wasdemanded ."indignantly broke it
tore the epa ulettc from his sholders, and threw him
self on the it round/’— History of the late War, p 88
We iearn from the newspapers of the day, (Hull’s
surrender l> ring on the 16th August.) that Colonel Cass
of the ()!iio volunteers had arrived at Pittsburg on the
28th direct from Fort Detroit, on his way to the city of
Washingtoi \. The journal making this statement goes
on to say; “We understand that Colonel .Miller, al
though relm rtantly obliged to acquiesce in the surren
der, indignc ntly threw away his sword, declaring it
should not b ; delivered up.”—(3 Duane's Aurora, 148 >
None of t ie histories or newspapers of the day. ns
fir as we h.T /e been ab'e to examine them, make men
tion of any such achievement on the part ot Colonel
Cass For a lght that appears to the contrary, this sto
ry rests upon the same authority ns that of the author
ship of Hull'* proclamation. We apprehend that Col
onel Cass gav * up his sword like a gentleman, and
neither broke * t nor threw it away. At any rale, like
most other feat ■of arms now recorded of General Cans,
nothing is said of it in the annaU of the times.
The truth is, that a .11 Colonel Cam's military achieve
ments h ive !*een ace omplished by the pen and the voice
—the sword has nan very Jitlle to do with them. ‘l’he
organ of the office- holders, published in the ciiv of
W ashington under tl ie tide or The Campaign, an I un
derstood to be edited by the Commissioner of Patent*,
s *ems to take the sr jne view with oursell of these w*r
viecs It states that ~on the breaking out of the war,
the Colonel was am ong the first to rush to the defence
of his country, and 1 .hat he raised his “voice” for battle
in the councils wine h preceded the surrender of Hull
We have no doubt that the Colonel raised his “voice”
for battle on that o ;caon. His “voice” was “still for
war.” It i* a way he has. He never fails to raiee his
; voice tor battle, hut he likes to have the fighting done
by somebody el *. Not Bob Acres himself was belter
pleased with tie i< lea of taking down ins antagonist at
a “long shotthat i Colonel Cass was in fighting the en
emy across a r ve r —us nt Aux Canards
His sword is on e thing—hut us for hi* voice, that is
quite another th Jig, and at any body’s service who
wants to get up a light. Florida Indians—s 4 Deg. 40
Minutes —orthe flails of the Montezunias—no matter
what the pretonc e.the General beats Falstaff in the use
of his vocal ovgni is. which he lui* not impaired by the
“singing of anti iem*” like his great prototype. But
whenever by his voice lie gets his country into trouble,
she can hardly r ;ly on his arm to get her out of it. For
that—old 4ick a sword against Cass’s voice—at all
times!
VI. After th** retreat from Canada, and the surrender
of Detroit, in b* jth of which events Colonel Ch-s par
i licipited ,we lit id him starting off post baste for the city
of Washington, where be fought (for himself) th- most
I impo’ tanto irn paign of tne war. He wn* occupied sev
eral momh? ir the agreeable and interesting duty of
j writing dovai General Hull.and writing up the adinin
, w*.lie! I had appointed that General lo a jmm
! f° r whose du’ ie* he was clenrly incompetent In ac
knowledgrtiu# nt of the bloodies* victories thus acquired
over so dist<n juished an antagonist, Colonel Cass was
. marked for p roniotion ; and the hero of Hull’s retreat
and Hull's mi rrender, was raised from the rank of colo
! nel to that ot brigadier-general in the army. His mil
itary laurel* were thus pluck’d at the writing desk.
Soon nl* i ; receiving tins promotion h** joined Gener
**,’ • BrT ' PC 11 n * Seneen, nnd *as present at the battle of
the Thainr . Colonel Csss'* part in that affair i* men
tioned in v. Ty modest terms by General Harrison
O.ie ot the biographers of ('ass. however, represents him
|ns n “prom inent” fire-eater on that occasion “At the
battle ot t ne Tames,” any* tins writer, “so decisive in
annihilate jg the enemy m that quarter, expelling him
j from our errimry, and giving security to a vast frontier,
nd wb ’r e ii was also that the brave Johnson acted
so nobfy. ( a*4 had no command, hui, always devoted to
J inecoun try,ever Anting to serve her in all w ay* lie
soliduV j place as volunteer aid to the commanding
general Mia eager request wn#complied with. Com
j oodor • r erry acted in the urn# capacity on that day
He v *•* thu* as*ociated in station, and in duty, with
that rj Downed naval officer, who, not content with put
*. rink!J Erie in a blase of glory by hi* victory over |
the British fleet, desired to strike at the fix** of his eoun- 1
| try on both clement- And need we other pi oof that
( as< was to t* found where the “hot flew thickest ? j
I h). literally, it was. He ga Hoard on in time to be in’
tl it impetuous charge, iadby Colonel James Johnson, j
w. bioh so eompletely routed rroctorand the British tea- !
all r* while Colonvf Richard M. Johnson routed and
slat filtered the Indians under Tecuntaeh.”
V* e are lad to see that the fr ends of General Cas*
are r mw willing to give its due historical importance to
the Lattl * *.f the Thames When the commanding
genet ilon th tt occasion— the gallant Harrison—was
a rannidste in* the Presidency, the friends of General
Cassci'idd find oat where or when the battle took
I place,or what was the result of it. But *#oir. it was
liattle enough to make n hero ofevery ald-de-eainp and
subaltern i*<m tented in it They really claim it sit a
distinguished : iierit k*r the General, thm he tendered
hisserv ices on that occasion to the malt whom they ua**d
, to decry ns ol I “Granny Harrison.”
It is very difficult to sjmt Colonel Com on that mrnio
’ rnhle day M(e was nominally in the battle, but as to ,
In* being wl ere the “allot flew thick eat,” we do not i
think that cot tcluaivdy established by the fact that Com
nuxlnre l*err * was in the aatne engagement We can*
not see that the conclusion follows, which hi* biogrn
pher draws < fotn this interesting connexion. That he ‘
was in a bat’ le witlin l#rove man, no more proves hia
gallantry, t! mn the fart rs hi* rrttcatmg from Canada j
with Hull, f nd “particijrating” in the surrender of De
troit, provei him to he a coward. Whatever may hav
Isc i the G •neral'e exploits on tht* rneinombie occa
sion,! be in ise of history preserves a guarded silence in
regard tot lem . sod we are obliged to have recourse |
to|M>etty, .Vmocrnt'c oratory,biography, and auto in- |
it aettie bis merit*.
<-n H amson who waa always “g icnous to the arr
vc *” “! 1 her- 111 111- desp
War, mi kestlie following mention of hiaataff aasaoci
ales, on hat day :
With mi ads iji •vimp, the acting awistant adju
tant cral.C iptain Butler, my gallant friend, Commo
dore P rty, who ilal tne the honor to serve ns my volun
teer aid-de-camp, and Brigadier General Casa, wbs
bar at no r mmand, tendered me his nstittnnce, I
placed IttyaeM at the le ad <4 th front line ol infantry,
i i*i dir-rt the iiioveineiita of the cavalry, and give them
: tfi n n esaary support. ♦ • ♦ • •
“F ness deprived me of the tulept* of tuy adjutant
’ fetiaa!,Cwl. Gaines, who was lelt at Sandwich. Hi*
j duties were however ably )m*i formed by the acting a*-
” slant ad|iitant general. ( aptnin Butler My aid*-dr
camp. Lieiitanant (PFallmi and Captain Todd of the
j line, an imv volunteer aid*, John Speed Smith and
John Chambers, Eaq , have rendered me tnoet nopor
(tnnt aervicea from the (qietiing of the campaign. I have
already staled that General Cn*s and Commodore ferry
j aas’sted me in tornimg the trootw lor action. The for
’ mar is an officer of the highest merit, anti the appear
a nee ol the have Commodore cheered and ammateii
j every Invest
| Now this is certainly high prise Jiom aucli a source ,f<>r
’ Cianeisl thias We have no doubt *hat he wa an of-
ficer of the highest merit, nnd that lie assisted in form
ing the troops for action. But his biographers are not
satisfied with this measure of approbation. They arc
not content with making a meritorious officer of him—
they will he satisfied with nothing short of exhibiting
him an a second Hector. To eats Id tab his claims to
this distinction, they cite no cotemporary history, no of
ficial despatch, no responsible annalist. They rest en
tirely on the statement of an alledged eye-witness, whose
name is not given, and of whom one ot Cass’s rerent
11848) biogrnphera*n vs thnt'Mie wrote some twelve yaara
since,” nnd another that he wrote “some twenty years
since.” Though these gentlemen disagree about the
time when this eye-witness wrote, they concur in keep
ing his name a secret This anonymous authority says •
“In the nntuni of 1813,1 well recollect General Cass,
of the Northwestern army.c mimnnde I by Harrison and
Shelby. He was conspicuous nt the landing of the
troops upon the Canada shore below Malden, on the
I 27th of September, nnd conspicuous at the battle of the
Thames, ns the volunteer aid of the commanding gen
eral I saw him in the midst of the bottle, in the deep
woods upon the hanks of die Thames, during the roar
nnd clangor of fire-arms, nnd savage yells of the enemy.
Then l was a green youth ot seventeen, and a volun
teer from Kentucky”
General Cnss, in his letter to the committee who in
vited him lobe present nt the anniversary celebration of
the bottle, in honor of Richnrd M. Johnson, in 1842,
says—"l accompanied, but without any slinre in the di
rection of its operations, the mounted regiment in the
charge which decided the fate of the combined forces,
and I saw the gallant commander lying bleeding upon
the ground de-penrtely wounded, nt the head of the
line.”
The language that his biographer oses-that “he gallop
ed on in time to he in thnt impetuous charge,” &r , rath
er implies that he wns behind time on that occasion
and came in with the rear.
Another account stales thnt Proctor, the British gen
eral, fled nt the very commencement of the action, nnd
“was pursued by General Cass with n detachment for
some miles, hilt could not be overtaken.” This would
seem to iudiente thntCenern! (lass left the scene of con
flict at the first available moment, and became hotly en
gaged in the pursuit of n flying enemy whom he could
not come up with
We thiiiK this the more probable account Though
history is entirely reserved on the subject, the whole
story in regard to Cass’s exploits at the bnttle of the
Thames may be thus summed up on the apochrvphnl
Democratic authorities:
“General C ass was the volunteer aid of Genera I Har
rison ntNhc Battle of the Thames, nnd nssimed ns n
meritorious officer in forming the troops for action. He
was in the rear of Lieutenant Colonel James Johnson’s
mounted regiment in the r onset on the line of British
regular* ; who threw down their arinsand fled on the first
shock of the American troops. He pursued Proctor
several miles ineffectually,and returned to the field of
bottle after the conflict wns over in season to sec Col
onel R M. Johnson severely wounded at the head of
the line which had accomplished all the severe fighting
of thnt memorable dav.”
This we believe to be, in sober and sensible prose, the
substance of the Democratic accounts written within
the hist twelve or twenty years. It this is so, it is hard
ly to lie wondered nt that history i? so inute, nnd that
we ore obliged to trust to uncertain memory and inter
ested tradition, to gather anv laurels for the gallant
General on that memorable field.
Such are the military services, such the heroic deeds,
of Colonel, afterwards Brigadier-General, Lewis Cass !
There is not a corporal or n common soldier who ought
under Taylor or Scott in Mexico who cannot boast of
more service and show greener laurels. There was
fighting enough to do in the war of 1812, nnd the Col
onel having made himself useful to the administration
by his pen might have go his share of it. He was the
writing general of thnt war, and ns distinguished lor the
ue of Ins | e i as General Pillow was in the late wnr with
Mexico. Indeed, from the many points of resemblance
lie tween them, he may well be c riled the General Pil
low of the war of 1812. II he had entertained the
slightest anxiety to smell gunpowder,Colonal nnd
Brigadier-General Cuss, than his rank and position,
might have more frequently gratified the passion ; but
he preferred writing about battles to fighting them.—
And hence, from August, 1812, to
find him occupied in labors to prove General Hull a
coward, rather than to prove himself a brave man.
Having despatched thus much of the military career
of General Cass, we follow him to his civic administra
tion On the 9th of October, 1813. he waa appointed
! by President Madison, Governor ol Michigan, and in
this capacity, and as the superintendent ol Indian af
fairs. he remained through the administration of .Mon
roe and Adams, and a portion of the first term ofGen
eral Jackson. His “burning” desire to “serve hia coun
try m all ways” was here illustrated by the accumula
tion of a splendid fortune from the public Treasury
As Marshal of Ohio, as Governor of Michigan,nnd Su
perintendent ol Indian Aflims, he received emoluments
sufficient to satisly even a more “burning ‘ desire than
his own lor official service. From 1813 to 1H31,n term,
of eighteen years, he lived and fattened upon the pub
lic Treasury, laving up immense wealth in the most
patriotic and disinterested manner. There is little in
the career of Cass during this period, except the singu
lar length of his service, to distinguish it from that of
other provincial governors nnd Indian agent*.
In tne respect, however, it must lie conceded by the
impartial historian, that Governor Cass excelled all his
official brethren ; we mean in the faculty of securing to
hims*4t extra compensation. Such a rapacious appe
tite tor extras distinguishes no public man of our ac
quaintance. On this subject hi* biographers are sneiit.
They *ay a good deal about hi* Indian treaties, but
they say nothing >t what he received (m them.
Our attention waa recently recalled fTthn subject, by
the speech ol the Hon. Andrew Btewart.nl Pennsylva
nia, in the House of Representative*. In proof of hia
allegations, he referred to documents N 112. of’he
House of Represent itives, of the 2ri season of the 25th
Gongresa ; N0.244, o the same, 3 I session ol the 25rh
Congr. as ; and No. 6, of the s me, of the 3J session of
the 27th Congress. These doc uments we have exam
ined, ami from them we learn that th* extra compensa
tion aiiri extra rations allowed to Mr Cnw.for the eigh
teen years while he was Governor of Michigan Terri
tory. amount t< the omMinoof s im •>( upwards ol an rv
thousand dollars. And all this in adJition t< the
thirty six ihonaand dollar* which he received in guber
natorial mi lane*.
We find there waa paid to Csss as sujerin
tendent of Indian affairs in Michigan, from October 9,
1813,t0 July 31,183! .$26,715 ; being at the rate of s!,’
500 a year a an allowance for office rent,clerk hire, fu
el,and stationery ; which last uein must huve been ne
cessarily a heavy one, in keeping up a correspondence
with the Indian tri e*
There was also paid him, in 1831, another $1 500 a
year, aa an allowance! u office rent, clerk hi e.fml and
stationery, from 1822 to 1828. n* superintendent of In
dian affairs at Pious, Fort Wayne, and Chicago,
amounting to $10,500
There wnsslao paid him $3,875 (or similar service*
in the agencies last mentioned, for the years 1829, 1830,
and seven month* in 1831.
There wa* also paid him $6,610, a* commutation
money for ten rations a day. at 20 cents from Oct 9.
1813, to May 29,1822 From rhaitime the pay for ra-
Doiis seems to have been dropped
In 18*21-1822, he attended 208 day* at the city of
Washington, on settlement of his accounts, at ten ra
tion** day. sll6, and expenses at Washington. 81.022,
making $1,448. In 1828—1829, he attended 111 day* at
Washington.preparing a code for the regulation of In-
I dian aflat *,at *8 a dnv. ($880.) and mileage from De
troit and hack $640. at $8 i,r every *2O imies. amount
j iug to $1,520. Ail this time his pay was going on as
I Governor, superintendent of Indian affairs m Michigan,
and superintendent of Indian affairs out of Michigan.
I It appears, indeed, that (nr three years and 25 days, be
; twerti June 9, 1815. and August 28, 1827, theie was
I paid to William Woodbndge, secretary, acting Gcrer
n o ol Michigan, the sum nl $1,602 71: this sum bt
i mg paid him for service# which ought to nave been reii
dered by Lewis Cass The United Hrates. therefore,
not only paid Governor Caw lour or live aoJane* but
tor upward* of three years paid hi* aecrstary $1,500 a
’ year for attending t<. the Governor's dune* Thu is to
say, Win Woral bridge received $ 1.500 a year ford i*-
eliarging the duties of (Jove mot . an IMr ( ass*2,nno a
vear for not discharging them ! And this all .wance to
Mr YVoodbrtdge, lor doing Governor Ca*** dunes,
wa nude in June, 1833, while the Governor was Sec
retary ot War ; not by Mr Cats, of cmirac. that would
have been Indelicate— not by Mr. Cam, but by John
Robb, acting Secretary ol War !
iiil'M nil these salaries were going on Ocusral Casa
wnn in ifi * hibit of unking In ban treaties ; mi l every
irmly was the fruitful source of extra services, extra ex-
I |*nnea,more lutl, inorr nlKct mit, more nutttonery, of
I ctouine, nnd any quantity id mileage mid per diem*
There were nl Wnp ighkonetta,
■ ‘dl nt Butte dee Morn, and nt eundry other places In
IHUU he received g’<1,476 lor eundry (reatiea nfe
viounly made. In IhH he received g&M In
IHM hr rmivcii #M6o for unking Indinu treaties;
wliu’H, wuh hie wiperinteu lenciea an I salary an (lover*
; iWi brought hi income up to g'.,2rtn for a single year;
j $3,d000l wlnoh.be it observed, wan an allowance lor
i oH.ee rent, fuel, and atatbtieiy In lsg7 he received
**jl{£*> from the treaty-making power ; and in liia,
I* rotn all then.*sources the document* show that.dur
ing the eighteen yeure lie waa ItovmftDr of Michigan,
Mr (nan received, hi round numbers, pv moo in extra
allow meet, at and |9f htX) in liia aa ary an Governor.
* And now one word in conclusion. William B
Ijcw.a, Hecoi and Auditor in the T/eristiry Department,
under date ot February 16. Mlg, in a letter transmit
ting il e ataiemcnt of extra roinj>eii*;itioii to superiu
t* “n -"i lirli iii/ill < *i . \|r T>>ineM. Secrruiry of
War ,in explatniug and apologising lor these extra rrl
lowa ik ea.ajya
“I have thought it prosier to make tlie foregoing tfx*
plnnationn in justification id the n. counting oHicera. lor
mi mil tiny tiihwanrga nut esp>ts*l* iwlXontnl by
latr, but just lit themselves, and nanctiourd by umtgf
growing out ot nn fMtihf, and hUHlly urqmuicd in by
the Government lioni liaorapmuanoii.”
Here it is expressly Mated that iliere whm no law for
them*, ure allowances, and the aaiaona aavign.-.l ter
miikmg 1 1 lew payment* without law. and agamat law,
are reuMona that would equally authorise any otter
nbuar r niiaappropiiahoii vl lunda by accounting of*
ticer* ‘There i* no proof ol any such “usage* as Mr. j
Lewis maintain*, and no meananf establishing it if any 1
ever ex ivied , hernuie Mr Lewie hunted atatee. in the I
very c<>miiiun>ctiow tu which we have been mdetaed
VOL. XXVI —No 18.
for these fheta, that the records of the “office, in relation
to fndinn affairs, “do not extend farther Inck than
1816 ” The pretence,then, of any “tacit acquiescence”
in these abuses hy the Executive Government is a fat***
pretence.
That wns no such acquiescence distinctly ap
p'-iirs from the following extract of a letter from the
Sect eta ry of War to Gen. Cass, dated the *24ih Octo
ber, 1811 : “The President, to whom your letter of the
loth September was submitted, is fully aware of the
additional expense which you must necessarily incur
hy thone attentions to the Indian chiefs and piincipai
men, which theexistingstnt of affairs makes indis
pensably necessary ; but the mode pointed out y you,
hy which they might be covered, is such, he thinks, os
NEITHFR THE USAGE OF THE GOVERNMENT NOR THE LAW
would justify.** Rather a cool and severe rebuke! —
Here we find Governor Gass calling for a cover to his
expenses not justified by usage or the law—and he is so
told by President Made- tv
i In another letter of the following year, the !B**creta
iv informs Mr. Cass, by order of the Pr udent, that
the existing laws present “great obstacle 45 .” to grant
ing him any fixed annual allowance in addition to his
! salary as Governor, hot advises him to submit an esti
mate of bis expenses, in the“formof annccount against
, tin* Government, which, in that shape, will be acted
! on, and passed (if deemed reasonable) to the proper
1 appropriation.”
These “obstacles” were finally surmounted, and a
fixed annual allowance was made without the preeen-
I tat ion ofany such account.
We think, then, it fanly appears that, nsfnr as Mr.
| Gass has any claims on the American people for his
services as Governor of Michigan, mid superintendent
! ol Indian affairs, it is settled in full by the p*r contra
Os NINETY-SIX THOUSAND DOLLARS !
On the first of August, 1831, General was call
j <*d to Washington to take a seat in General Jackson'*
j Cabinet as Secretnry ot War. His biographers made
j n shoit story of this pait of his career. One of them
apologises somewhat in detail for his neglect of private
claims during the time he occupied this office, and for
his “leaving a portion of them unsettled.” We know
that some ot his colleagues in the Cabinet have very
severely censured his administration of the War De
partment. They hove circulated imputations upon his
honor, not to say honesty, in that connection. \Ve
I have heard llies*-sneers and accusations freely thrown
out by h'B enemies in the Democratic party ; it gives us
pleasure to say that we have never heard them echoed
by the Whigs, and we will do (ion. Cass the justice to
add. that hi-* associates have yet to produce competent
p-oof of such nl egntions to his discredit. If any such
proof exists it must b<* forthcoming. orh : s Democratic
opponents at the Baltimore Convention must be coti
tented to write themselves down calumniators.
Nobody pretended, we believe, saving in the minor
! details of its duties, to hold On. Cns primarily te
*l>onsil>le for the action of the War Department during
the term ot his service. His secondary responsibility
we may look at on some othei occasion. We are told
that, asn lawyer, he dissented from the Supreme Court
in the Cherokee case, and displayed his ability and
“discretion” in “luminous, powerful, and irrefragable
arguments,” against their doctrine ! On Ko of
j nullification, •*ne shared wiili piide the manly, vigo
i rous, and triumphant resistance, by which the usurpa
tions of South Carolina were encountered and finally
I prostrated.” His biographers do not mention a single
oc( of General Cass, during the period he was in the
Cabinet, a single measure of his, or anything that
shows him to have keen more than a cypher in affairs
, rom 1831 to 1836.
In 1836 he was appointed minister to Frnnce.
I In 1837 he made a tour to the East, which withdraw
; him for several months from ail the duties of his office,
except the receipt of ita salary. On this excursion he
vwded Italy, Sicily, Malta, Greece, the Island* of the
| Atchipelngo, Constantinople, and the Black Sen,
fig I*?, Palestine, anil Syrin, and thus completed a
i preity round of foreign travel nt the expense of tne Uni
i ted Sty ten.
From 1837 to 1841 the Minister Plenipotentiary and
Envoy Extraordinary to the Court of St. Cloud r-main
ed with his Emily at Paris, basking in the sunshine of
[royalty, and revelling in the splendors and luxuries of
i that voluptuous metropolis, rosying his gills with “be-
I witching Burgundy,” swelling his portly dimensions
! with frogs, filets, and Perigord pies, stretching his legs
j und *rl<ouwPhiilippe’smahogany.familiarly hob-n-nob
i ing with his Majesty in the eyes of all Europe—a pret
ty sp-ctacle b ; exhibited, to be sure, of a Republican
. minister at the Court of a European sovereign !
Here he wrote “France, its King, Court and Gov
ernment.” In this volume hi biograph-r ndmit* that
heenrried “rondr mnutum as far as the truth wool I
permit,” and described, “ineolorsas attractive ns tb-y
would bear, those court scenes which hit taste, ns a
lientlenuia. may have led him to admire in the royal
j palaces of France.'* Now, it ie precisely f.nr i his ad
miration of those court scenes that we look with little
favor ii|>on E-vvis Cass. That a man of hi* year*
’ should have fallen into such a blind admiration of this
royal voluptuousness, and become the panegyrist oftbe
| monarch at whose court be was a minister, show* a
I weakness and infirmity of nature which unfit him for
! the Chief Magistracy of a great Democratic Repub
lic
in the year 1841 be wrote a pamphlet <vi the subject
! of th.* Quintuple Treaty, of which Mr. John Quincy
Adams, a competent Judge in such matters, said, on
the fioor of Congress, that he regretted Genera! Cass
“should have so completely forgotten the wholesome
! rules of die founders of his country, as to interfere,
j w thout instructions from bis Government, in a deli
i cate negotiation between the great Powers of Eu-
I r Dte.”
In 184*2 (ien. Caw returned to the United States
In 1844 iie wrote n letter declaring himself in favor
j oftbe annexation of Texas. He distinguished himself
I as a mump speaker in the electioneering campaign
| which terminated in the elevation of Jam -s K Polk
to the Pres'dency.
In March, 1845, betook his seat in tie* S nate of
the United States as a Senator from Michigan. ll.s
career in that body reflects no honor upon him as a
matt-rman. He was a thorough paced partisan of the
falsest and meanest administration that ever disgraced
our history. He firm distinguished himself an I alarm
ed the country by expiexuug his convcfioti, on the
door of the Senate, that war with England wa “ine
vitable.” On nil occasions, whenever he could find an
apology for such a display, he has talked bl<K>d and
carnage; and, if he could gratify his beliiwirenr pro
pensines iii no other way, he ha* gone in tor ! ‘ fright
ening” nations on a large scale With the lending
Democratic Senators, w ho have the confidence and re
spect of the country, Gen. Cass has never fraternized
or sympathized. We have seldom seen Imu concur
ring in opinion and co-operating w.th Benton, Cal
houn. McDuffie, or NiU*s Th se gentlemen n. ver
entered into the truly Gallican hatred of England,
manifested by their colleague late ot the Court of Ver
aaille*. Tliey never cried out 54° 4fV with him. and
threw up their caps tor a President who let hiniselt and
In* party plump down to49°. They •omeiinn* openly
rebuked Ins folly, and always listened to his pompous
and vaunting haiungues with a smile of iil-conc:-/iied
pitv or contempt.
It was otherwise with Alien, Sevier, Foote, and mm
ol that kidney and calibre In hi* most frantic ebulli
tions ot hostility these men stimulated his “burning'*
zeal by gentle noils and complacent smiles of a j proba
tion. These Senators, and men like these Senator*,
were his friends and allies in the Senate, and, if he
should Iv* elevated a> the Presidency, will he hi§ confi
dential advisers and Cabinet ministers. Heaven help
us, with such a President and such a Cabinet! A
comet with more portentous tail never scattered pesfi.
lencc in the pa'hway ot nation* *
i ft is not our object to review die opinions of General
j Cass. Our presrnt purpose is with insnets and service*.
As far as his legislmive career i* concerned, we say,
’ with perfect sincerity, that he has never carried dinugli
an important measure, started a single ides calculated
to be ot the slightest benefit to the country, or left any
impression upon the public mind, exrrpt tfi** indelible
impress*.m ihat. whenever there has been talk of trou
ble in any quarter, he has always been on hand to hit
his “voice'’ among the belligerents, “and to prepare the
hearts ot the people for war/’
Huuh are the publicservir *softhc man whom a per
lion ot the De.iewraiic paity presented nt their e.indi
date lor tfie Prestdency at the Cmivention held at linin
more on the *2*2d ot May. With tins brier review ot
them, we take our leave of Gen. Cass tor the present.
Ilia principle* and opinions, as far a* they can be got
at iii the “noise and contusion'’ ot the political canvass,
we shall take some future occasion ‘o examine and
“explain.”
• ‘The following dialogue in the Senate during the dis
cussion of the gln.OllO.OiN) |,on Mil, illustrates very le-
Uccuousiy this trait in Gen. Cast's character :
Mr. W merra The gentleman said that tlie principal
object of the bill waa t o frig kirn Mexico, and trial
thia would be more bu nane than to harm her
Mr. Cass Tha’*a true.
Mr Wkiotkb It’* true, is it ?
Mr Cm Veeair.
Mr Wi:n*Tkß Very well, 1 thought as much. Now
i likablecharo hit sp'ech—that
• which makes It as much a Met-can apeeb—is that the
gentleman apoke it in the hearing of Mexico as wi ll
a in iho hearing ol thw S nair. We are accused
here l*cu*e what we sey la heard by Mexico,
and Mexico derive# encouragement from what m
•aid hen*. Anil yet the honorable member comes forth
and tells Mexico that the principal object of the
lull la to trig A/#* tier f ‘The words have paused nloug
the wnes . they are on the Holland ar** Hoating away
to Vera Crux .and when they get there, they wilt signify
to Mr alter all, ye go* M prill
'••pal object is lo frighten you ;n<d toth-cnl tb4 y<w
utay not tie frightened too much, have given you this in
dication c;f fny purpose. * ‘That's himl m him ceitniuly !
Mi. President, you remember that when bWugite
joiner waa to enact the lion, and rage und roar upon
thy stage,he wo# quite apprehensive that he ought
frighten the Ihichem ami the Indies i * tuaeh, lor.
“ there is not,'* he waa told,** • more I \/fol Wild fowl
tlianyour lion, living “ and **’twere a pity of hi life if
he should terrify the ladies:” and. therefore, by the ad*
vice of fltn comrade. Mr. Nicholas Bottom, he wisely
concluded vht.t. in the height and fury id hlseffcm qua
lion, he would show ime tell his Hies from out the loa>
neck, an Ihnnaell speak throug'i saying thus, or
i he aame eilirct, *'Ladies, or fair ladle*, you thtehj**
amehuher a-* a lion. 1 amnosmti a ihnoi^
man, as other men are— Tin only Snug
<|W*l Ij>nhi*r ) ,-4