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HV s. itosii A: CO. < T. CIIvr.MAN As. HONE, Editors. I B R M s . _ fjfnrgii law n'll ts Mr*,rarer is publisher! ev*r | (\vineslny nioniini in the cily of Mncon.nt tin f,rkdITCED KATE: ls p „id utrictly in advance, par year $2 SO l s mt paid in advance, 3 00 ~ paid till llir rnd °f l,ie V‘ lr 100 „i,terms will he rigidly enforced, without re- 1 i nets ‘n*, ns the object of the Publishers is to do ‘ l>fr ~ei nearly ns possible upon the rush principle— ’i’ thnt ihefr subscribers should reap the profits P’T.f susllr Bto sqent* and collectors. In no ease * ioL caper be sent out of the State unless first paid j™ JJ a satisfactory reference is given in Macon or its ’ t ‘ivRRTISEMEMTS inserted at the usual rates— I ‘ i ,tlimited when handed in. will he inserted till ! ‘ i but n liberal discount will he allowed to persons h nivertise hv the year, and who pay on demand. “T- „nrria?e notice", and obituary notices nf aver will he charged at the usual rotes. “".M ~m n uacements of candidates for office, to be paid , ... ,i ie usual rates, when inserted. Liberal arrangements ma le with County Officers, mgs, Auctioneers, and others, who may wish to ~ i kid united contiacts. P„ ra ,ns alv Ttisina will please observe the following: Sir/e* of ban land Negroes, by lixecutors, Adminis intore an 1 Guardians, are required by low to be adver ted in a public gazette, sixty days previous to the day o( T|iese sales must be held on the first Tuesday in the ,1, between the hours of ten in the forenoon and ,|j the afternoon, at the Court House in the county ia which the property is situated. The sales ofPersonal Property must lie advertised in like manner forty days. Notice to I)*htors and Creditors of an [-.state must Ire published forty days. , , _ . Notice that application will he made to the Court of n- linary for leave to sell Land and Negroes, must be fished weekly for four mont'is I Italians or Letters of Administration must be pub lished thirty days—for Dismission front Administration, mnnth'y nix nnmths —for Dismission from Cuardmn ” “i’iiv” for foreclosure of mortgage, must be published monthly far four monthn— for establishing lost papers, f, )r the fall apace of three month*— for compelling ti <j from Execute.i or Administrators where a bond has bc*Mi given by the deceased, the full space of three months. . . .- IXf Letters on business to be post-pnul. WOOD AND BRADLEY, MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN -fl* All 1 N T FURNITUE chaYrs. OULD most rcsjiectfuiiy inform the citizens of * Macon, ami public generally, that having avail ed themselves of the services of some of the very best Workmen, and having a supply of the best materials, are prepare ! to make to order any article in their line. In addition to our present stock, such os Doling, Tea, Centre, Side, Work, Toilet, Quartette and Sofa Tables; Bureaus ; Sideboards ; Sofas and Wardrobes; Solos ; Divans; Ottomans; Tettetetes; Foot-stools; Sec reta rd ; Desks and Book Cases ; Ladies’ Work Boxes and Portable D sks ; Piano Stool; Looking Glasses and bias* Plates of all sizes : Gilt, Mahogany and Walnut Frames of all sizes for Pictures and Portraits: Cane seat Settees and Counter Stools ; Mauogany and Wal nut Chairs, Plush and Hair Cloth Seats ; a great varie ty of curled Maple and Walnut Cane seats and other kinds; Rocking Chairs of patterns too numerous to mention ; Mahogany, Walnut, curled and plain Maple, Poplar and Pine Bedsteads, cheaper than ever ; VV in ilow Shades, new, beautiful and rare patterns ; Feath ers. Feather Beds; Mat trasses of curled Hair, Cotton ami Moss. We have many articles not enumerated or introduc ed in this market To Manufacturers —For sale, Furnitue Varnish, Mahogany, Walnut, Plush,and Veniersand Bed Posts. N. B Furnitue repaired neatly and with dispatch. Old Sofas and Chairs reseated or covered with Hair Cloth or Cane. Macon, Nov. 3,1847. 6—ts Piano Fortes. THE subscriber respectfully informs the citizens of Georgia, that he has the Agency for the sale of PIANOS horn a manufactory in New York—the arti cle offered. is of the best woikmanship and materials, and the latest style, very superior at low prices.— Peisons wishing to purchase, can see one ol these in struments at the subscriber’s residence. JAMES VAN VALKENBURGH Macon, Jan 5, 1848. 40 ts SADDLES! SADDLES! MORRIS sc. WESTCOTT have on hand LjsmDh a first ran* assortment <-t S \ I )|)LES.II \R- V ESS and CAR HI AGE TRIM MINC JS, of all kinds, which they will sell at prices to suit the times. Their facilities are such that they can sell lower than &nv other establishment of the kind in the city. Live us a call before you buy, is all we ask fora re •iimnendaiion. REPAIRING done at reduced prices, in a workman-like manner. Cotton Avenue, next door to Isaar Winship. April 1. 1848. 10 JPU CARRIAGES A HARNESS. De Loache & Wilcoxson hove on LfJ hand, st their old stand on Mulberry w street, Macon, one of the most exten sive and valuable stocks of ready made CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, SULKIES, Arc. Arc* Arc* to be found in the Southern States. Customers can be accommodated either with Northern articles or with those of Domestic manufacture, as they prefer. Their •tack of materials is very superior, and their workmen not surpassed by any in the Northern shops They can. therefore, warrant every urticle which they oHer so. sale. Thev feel assured that, tor extent, beauty, va riety and workmanship, their present stock is not sur passed in the South. X&T Carriages. &c. made to order, and all kinds of Repairing done with neatness and despatch. For >nle, also, on the most accommodating terms. l-hptic Springs, Axles, Steps, Bands, Lamps, Coach Lace; Patent and Top Leather, Platen and la panned Harness Mountings; Paints, Oils, Var nish, C*r March *29, 1849. 54 HARDEMAN & HAMILTON, M&re-Ilonae and Commission Merchant*, MACON, HAMILTON A HARDEMAN, Factor* aiul <’oitimiMMMl Merchants, SAVANNAH, a WILL give prompt attention to the sale ol Cotton and Country produce, as well as to flu filling of orders for Bagging, Rope, and fitnily supplies. Sept. ‘29. ts WAREHOUSE AND COMMISSION BUSINESS THE subscriber, having removed from the a rehouse occupied by him Inst year, and that long known ns Graven’ Warehouse, ?W*** te ,0 *' R * VKS ’ Wood fit Co’s Store, respectfully ‘■fi'iem lu thanks to Ins former patrons and ii lends, and j' 1 * 11 * 0 continuance of their patronage, with the assur he will devote his whole time and spare no ef "t° promote their interest Liberal advances will u ° thoar who require them; and orders for J ROPE and TWINE, and other Merchan . promptly filled on the moat ressoiuihle terms M. a. . GEO JEWETT. . 19th, 1H47. 7 °vsdn. coopeh & robe h.ts v (.l.mutin Hi.. WAKK IHMIfIB nnd < lISSION til MM.ss th* enauing Th ‘Lr lhrlr ire-Pwof Warr-lliuiM. our friend, kir their former patronage, I I h ,, n.k a continuum* of the .nine, with •uriince (lint our t-t efli.ru will be given to pro- I “W'then uiterew.. M eL'"* will br made oiicotto* in Store ,! r “*tmary rate. m Conran, asp w* m *om:RT. I Wl<>o ". Mareh 1, IMS 4g |y NEW CASH BAKERY^ I 111. HiiUnribar hue taken the Daily, fuinirrly „ j w Adderhold, Iwndool. Mow | kwoi*.i!”" r ” . 1 ,r y “” Mnlherry Street, and i ■e.v i<heettittenid Miron with every va- i n . r .' l ll ’ Sx .of til. heel quality and at Finn.) ( S 1 H'.l .upidv ot Ten S[Hinge nml generally on hand. ol bread every | I rPW, ‘* m 4 ■* 11 diatnnoe will U sop I u ""> tide., red. K. TYNKK. . I'' r I'rcinn kniiton, M rl inform* the public generally Sin „,,,U ‘r ln D*Mirular that he In- neatly , •lift* j, r ,• BAlbion8 Albion in the reiir ol In* Rnkery, fr °tu lOoVIII U e;iii be had daily Jwitioq wl. k A , M “> I* M and where every t- ! * A*?tt s nn iV*"* ,0 * ** comfort and t*i*te of Visitors luitlff. f" rn '*hH by the quart or gallon ‘ M<y 2| nt pnceiexceedingly model rite 3m—B KT. ! s Printj. GOODS. ■ I*- ni W Ur ” very superior w hieh ,tu.’ * “** r * nnd Raffng *"I .hi v, r ’ .\ v ,r ” I"*pared to make up in line .i“ 1 “'“derate t.-rma, partienlatly f..r (*„ Mirefci PBTER * JAIURTRTTi R. T* #gorgfff lounml mb iUcssciuicr, Mon* !\(*w €ood*. r P f yV%lV ,4r a rihtJr is now rrreiv ng another fresh lot of I r.VV GOODS, direct from New York, which together with those nln ndy in sunn*, makes one of the largest tnd most desirnhle stocks lie hns ever Imd— Many entire new styles which are very handsome may be found, ns his stock is now complete, and those in pursuit of hue dress goods will find tli ■ followinepnt tema, vi 7.: “■ 1 Rich Broche Grenadine Fancy Muslin Needle Satin stripe t mb. Be- Worked Collars .. J r , Silk nml Cotton Hosiery Broche Breitlcteppa Bird’s Ev*> Pm per I* (J !,, and SilkLuxors Jaconet,'Nnnsor>k, Mull J If** Bareges nml Swiss Muslin „ Linen Cambric Hdkfs. | Ltal-Ginghams Hemstitched do Ear ston A French do Blanch and Brown Table ‘ Emh. Muslin do Diaper >t P . ri ". ,ed Muslins Bleached Satin Jeans French Lawii9 “ and brown Sheetings ~ Calicoes and Shirtings 1-nriev Silk Crnvnta, Marseilles nnd Satin Vestings, j Broadcloths, Summer Cnapiinerca and G.imliruons, Coitonades, Union Plaids lor Panialooi.n, Nankeen, Black Lasting, Drnpd’To, very fim* Russia | and Sc tch Diapers, fl-4 nnd 12-4 Cotton j Linen Sheeting, Ltuen for Pillow Cases. Irish Linens. | Carpeting, Rugs. A,c. The public are invited to cal’ ns time arc great inducements for those purchasing new Goods for cash. G. W. WOODRUFF. Store on Second street, next door to G. VV. Price’s. April 2f> 4 4"ist*s Flo;Its. JUST received, 50 pieces Grass Cloths for Skirta; nnd six pieces of Lace Netting. Jule2f 17 (J W WOODRUFF. I ns'in in in ft. THE undersigned having been appointed Agent for F. Zog'*amn’a llarnioinc Institute, Charleston, S | (3. ia enabled to offer an assortment of Musical Instru | nirnta at unparalleled low prices; he will also keep ; constantly on hand nn assortment of Musical Merchan dize of all kinds Cos * plete sets of Instruments fi>r [ Bands &c. can be furnished. These goods arc imported into Charleston direct fron Europe by Mr. Zoghaum, nnd can therefore be afford ed m prices tar below any thing that lias yet been offer ed in this part of the country. March 22 51 6m B. L. BURNETT. It. 1.. iIJKNfiTT, HAS removed from the old stand of C. K. ; Wentworth 6t Cos. to Cotton Avenue, near the i of Cherry street, where he is prepared to offer his customers old and new, some of the cheapcs. bargains in -I H\V ELK Y ever sold in Macon. Hi* collection of goods has been made with great care, am ! will he sold remarkably cheap. All kinds of Clock and Watch Work done with despatch and warranted. J April 5 ] FMNE WAIT Ill'S. —Just received and for sale, next door to Mr, Bancroft’s, on Cotton Avenue, anew supply of Fine Gold Hunting, Double Bottom and Ancher Lever Gold Watches. Warranted to keep time, and at prices to suit the limes. April 5 1 B. L. BURNETT. \\ A TCI I KEV S.—A new and elegant article. * Dont forget to call and see them. April 5 1 B. L BURNETT C'IOLD PENS in both Gold and Silver holders. J Also, a large assortment of Gold and Silver Pen cils—the best ami cheapest in the market \|> i!5 1 B. L. BURNETT. (■NOLI! STUDS for Gentlemen’s use and now J the fashion, lor sate by April 5 1 B. L. BURNETT. TjMNGER RINGS,—A new and elegant nssort- F ment, just received. B. L. BURNETT. April 5 i Ladies* mest puts. \ patterns, rare and extremely nent. for sale nt April 5 I B. L. BURNETT’S. SPECTACLES—fioId &. Silver frames with Burt’s kJ Perifocal Glasses—the best now in use. for sale by April 4 1 B. L. BURNETT. ’ >L \K L\MPS f in** Solar Lamps, Brittnms lO anl Brass Chamber Candlesticks, for sale hv April 5 1 B. L. BURNETT. SII.VUK SPOONS and Butter Knives reived and for sale by April 5 1 B. L. BURNETT. PLATED WARE, —Elegant Plated Castors, Fruit Baskets, Waiters, Candlesticks, Snuffers ami [ Trnys, Cups, See —just opened and for sale by April 5 1 B L. RURNETT. .NOllI 11-\V4‘*l4‘l'll SCSI il UOU4I. rpHE following resolution was passed at the last _L meeting of the Board of Directors “That the Board adopts generally, the line of Roau surveyed by Mr. Holcomb. Chief Engineer, crossing Flint River, in the vicinicyol the mouth ol Beavercreek nnd that the localities be continued thereon, with onv such deviations as may shorten the line, or dimmish the expense.” ELAM ALEXANDER, President. Office So. Western R . R. Cos. 1 Macon, 9th June, 1848. $ June 14 11 3m Rail ICoa4l liioUillim iii* AN additional installment ot ‘len Dollars |e* share in the Stock of this Company, has been called payable on the Ist of October, 1848, and a further in stallment of Thirteen Dollars per share, payable on the Ist January, 1849 Payments to be made at the Ol tice of the Company, at Macon ELAM ALEXANDER, President. Office So. Western K R Cos. > Macon, 9th June, 1948. \ June 14 11 oii nml MeMerta Kail Kosif. CHANGE OF HOURS. ON nnd after the 271 h March, the Passenger trains of this Rond will run daily as follows, connecting at Atlanta with the Western and Atlantic and Geor gia Rail Roads. lieave Macon at 6 A. M.—arrive at Atlanta 121, at Dalton H P M Leave Du I ton 4 A. M.—arrive at Atlanta 11 A. M and Macon, 6 P M. Passengers for Savannah will sleep one night in Ma con. and leave next day at 7 A. M. The Trains of the Western and Atlantic Road do not run on Sundnvs. Fares between Dalton and Snvnnnah sls Macon, 9 Atlanta and Savannah 10 “ “ •! Macon 4 EMERSON FOOTE 1 Superintendent. Macon. March NEW ARRANGEMENT United State* Mail Line—Daily, Between Savannah and Charleston via Hilton Head and Beau fort, Inland tiro-thirds of the way. jLy .-A TMt: VV-ILI LKOW.X J, . S ,JHjgMyflLg*plendid ciNiit Packets -—iJ MET AMOR Captain F Barden, WM SE\ BROOK, Cant V I von, GEN, 4 Ll\4 11, Capt. Win. Curry, Will hereafter leave Savin midi every evening at hall past Bo’clock, nnd Charleston rvery morning nt 9 o'- clock, precisely, touching at Hiiton Head and Beau fort each way, and avoiding two-thirds of tlie sen route. For Freight or Passage npoly chi board or to liIKK IRS A TUITER, Ag'ts Savannah. E LAFITTK.&IO Ag’ts Charleston. N B All Ctomls, intended for Snvnnnah or Charles, ton, will t*e forwardetl hv the Agents if directed to tlwir care, free of nnnnussians. All way freight payable by shipper*. JanM 4: ftfinl-wcrkly IL N. .71 sail, | i Kteam-I*a in Link. between ■ S\ V ANN AII X IMLATK A, FLA. *V TUI WAY or Darien, Brunswick, St. Mary's. Oa.; lack *onvilU, Black i'reek and Picalaia, Fla. In CiHiiiection with the Charleston Duly Mail Steam tmckeis at Savannah, the steamer BAR All SPALD ING ft I’ • tka to I. • i Monroe, thi I 8 M Stag*** from Picolatt t< Ml. Augustine, mi l from Block Creek, via NewimiMville, Aligutor, Mineral Springs niulColumhii*. to Tallahassee. OP ARI LG;E, Caps P McNelty. NT. >1 IT I’ll EW *4, i apt. N King WM. GANTON, ( apt .1 ||eWnrd. Tile Packets leave Savannah every Tuesday and Bumrday nmrning*. at 10o’clock, and arrive at Picola ta in time forth** Mail At age* to go through to St Au gustme before night even- Thursday and Mondnv Returnina. I** ive Pnlatku every Fucsday and Friday morning a 7 o'clock, torching n- above each way . BROOKS A TUPPER, A sente. Rnvnnnnh, Jan 2fi 43 N 8.--f toodl e*m*i?ned to tle agents f*rw rded liee •fosin.ii(♦-.on Ft ighi from Savannah and (diaries ton and all wnv trmgiit. pnynhlrhy shipper* 31 VCON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY AUGUST <>, IB4S. SPEECH OF MR, CLAYTON, | OF CEL A WARE, On tto Preaid nlial Election* In Sknatu, July 4,1849 Mr Foote having concluded nil elaborate address to, t ie Senate ngninet General Taylor, ano caded upon I i ivi lltf , ' ,,nlo r p : und ♦* B P‘‘‘ ially the Sviciior tr*in 1 ! i ware, to explain the principles upon which Gen i I ®y*or was to be sustained ns a enndi ate lor i!.i Pres i idency— Mr. Clayton rose to reply. Mr Nn.*s, of Con necticut. ended Mr. ( layto.v to order, denying h s right to reply, as the whole subject introduced by Mr ; Foote was irrelevant, nnd Mr Dallas, the Vice Pres-’ Idem .refusing to hear Ony debate upon the call to or der, decideded the debate to he out of order. Bui tin- Senate, on a vote taken iminediuiely alter this, gave, leave to ‘D C LAYTON to proceed notwithstanding the decision of the Vice President. i}), r i*AYTON then addressed the .Senate a* follows I he decision ol the (’hair was indeed unprecedented nnd directly in opposition to hia own solemn decision on u case precisely similar to this, made l.y him only j, • w weeks ne„ Neither I nor my friends originated thisipditicnl debate. We were content to leave Gen ernl Gaw and Gen. Taylor in the hands of tin* people and the .Senate will unanimously hear me witness tint I have never introduced nn irrelevant topic into any de bate here Ihe political friends of the gentleman who ! occupies the chair began the discussion. They attack ed Gen. Pay lor and Ins character, and scoffed at li s claim to the Presidency. They were allowed to pro ceed without interruption from the chair, through a I debate w hich extended through the greater part of two ! ; day.';. Ihe Vice President was, by t },H rules of the ben. te, hound to call his political friends to order, it In* | thought titc iK’ltate un-t uut t*t oniur. But not n wool ; about on/fr wns hear,l (rom lii lips till I took t|„. floor to reply, nnd then he arrested the debate, amt put a soul j upon my lips. Ois Senator from Mississippi laid charged upon me nnd my triolhH that we desired to evade died seussion tltnt (en. I nylor Itnd no principles which we dared avow—and said that he had, on consultation with his friends, resolved to provoke us to a debate on tins sub ject. and to see that we should “ dodge no blows winch in chivalry and honestv we were hound to take “ Ho even charged us with n de sign to pu the resolution lor a speedy ad : imui 11 le ot ot Congress in on lei to u void unit dodge 4ns very discussion, lie went luiliter, sir. lie ealleu on me personally to meet liim in debate on llt. so , questions. Yet, after lie had U-en permitted to indulge 1 in tins at rain ot attack on me and tnv iriends, his own I party associates seize the occasion, the moment I rise h> take up the glove he has thrown at my leet to dodge the encounter. These are the circumstances under Whtelt twety-one Democratic Senators have voted to I deny me the freedom oi speech. They have a large par ty majority here, hut such and so gross was the injustice , ot this attempt to stifle a discussion which they them- ; selves provoked, that a majority ot the Senate had over- ! ruled theii purpose; and to that majority, anti etqreo- I tally to the chivalrous Senator trout’ Mississippi, (Mr rouTE,) who lias expressed his own deep sense ot the injustice done, I tender my thanks I have already stated to the Senate that I have no 1 means ol access to the opinions ot Ueu. Taylor which are not in the possession of every member o! this bodv and every citizen ot the country. Honoring his char- j acter.os 1 sincerely do, 1 have never yet had the pleas- ! I ure ol nn introduction to that distinguished tnan—l have i never addressed a letter to him in my ii|e, nor receiv- ! ed one Irom him. 1 have tunned my opinions of tire principles ol'the mail fiotn his writings and actions, and , Irom wiiat any other may have seen in the public prims. To these means of information all have equal acc-ss and all ran form tin opinion as well as I can on the whole subject oi debate. GEN. TAYLOR, THE CANDIIIATE OF THE FEoFLE. i think it is also due to Lien. Taylor to say, in the i outset o’ this discussion, that the possition which he lias : assumed before the country, as a candidate f..r tin 1 Presidency, has been e titely misapprehended in the course ot line debate, lie .has been held op here as , merely a Wnig candidate, hound to siisium eve \ Whig principle with which that party has been identi fied. It has been alleged that he is bound to carry out 1 all the dictates and obey ail the behests ot a mere party —that he runs merely as a party man—that he is bound hand and foot by party pledges—ami that he niusr carry out, at all hazards and under all cha ges of time and cireomstaiice, every ancient known measure proposed by the Whig parly. Now, undoubtedly Gen. ‘1 uylor is a Whig, bur I do not understand him n3 occupying any such position as that winch 1 have jtr-t described II himscll has repudiated it ill every tetter having ret- ‘ erence to this subject. It is true that lie has been nominated by the Whig ! party ; but it is also true that he was origmal'y nowr nated by a meeting composed boih ot Whigs and idem- ! ocrats. Thousands of Democrats had nominated him i tor the Presidency beture tie was nominated by in. j Whig party. Naturalized citizens and Native Ameri cans, in all sections of the country, had nominated him 1 before he received the nouttuatio i ot the Philadelphia Convention. And now tue great objection urged j against him is, that the Whig puny of die Union lias confirmed the nomination which Gen. Taylor had ore viously received. He was nominated by the Wh g Convention at Philadelphia W ith the assurance that lie ! wasa Whig. In every letter he wrote on that subject , j lie declared that he wa- a Whig, hat he uiiilormly took the bold and manly ground th t, it elected President o| i the United States, he should not consider himself the ! I mere servant or tool of a parly, not even ot the pnrty to j winch he had been uttacned through lile, hut that he should be the President ol the American people. Un der these circumstances the honorable gentleman from Mississippi can find no d.tliculty tn answering lire ques tions which lie has propounded with regard to the prin ciples ol Gen Taylor. if he will examine the prmc ; - pal letl r which General Tnylor has written with ref erence to this subject, the letter of Unpt. Allison he w il see the ground on which lie places lumselfaa a can ! dtdate h. lor. the American people. Before 1 proceed lurthrr, permit me to read the following extract from that letter: „ _ . Baton Rocce, Arßtt, 82, 1848. I rirut. —I retternle what 1 have often said lam ,a \\ htg, but nut an ultra Wing. Il elected 1 would not he the mere President of a party I would endeav or toact independent of party domination I should feel bound to administer the Government untrammel led by parly schemes Second Ihe veto power. The |iower given hy the constitution to the Executive to interpose his veto, is a highly conservative power; but in my opinion j should never he exeictsed except m cases of cleat v o | lallon of the constitution, or manifest linste and wain ol consid,'ration hy Congress Imb ed, I have thought that for many years |>st the known opinionssnd vvishe” olllie Executive have exercised undue and ittjurious 111 I tiuence upon the Legislative department ol tire Govern ment; and forthis cause 1 huve thought our system was in danger nl undergoing a great change from its , true theory. The personal opinions ol the indtviilual j who may happen to occupy the Executive chair ought i no * lo c.nttrol the action of Congress upon questions of domestic policy ; nor ought Ins objection* to he inter- ‘ posed where questions of constitutional power have been settled by the various departments nf Government and acquiesced in by the People, Third. I'pun (he subject ol the tariff, ilh-curren cy, the Improvement of our great highways, rivers, lakes, and heritors, the w til of the People, as expressed through their Representative* in Congiese, ought to be respected und carried out by the Executive. “Fourth —The Mexican writ I sincerely rejoice ai the prospect of peace. Mv lifr has heed devoted in arms, yet flock upon war nt all Hines,and under all circumstances, as 11 national calamity, to he avoided if 1 | comparable with nan inul honor. The pitucipltt 01 out Government,a* well us jtatiue policy, an- opposed | to the subjugation ot other nations and the dismember* meet ,and otliet countries hy conymett lit the language o| tire great Waslninitoii,’ Why should w quit our own Ito aland un foreign ground .’ in the Mexican war out I national honor Ira* been vindicated, amply vindicated ! and, in dictating terms of pence, we mnv well afford u< 1 , be lurlteaiingand even magnanimotia to our lullen'oe “ j HEN. TAVLOR, Till rtIAMfION OF Fom.AR RI'IHTN. (veirernl f avlor, then, stand* before the nnnotrv not merely a* a Whig, hm as THE GREAT REPKE SENTATIVE and t'll \ ViPION of T||E I'KI.N CIPLE OF THE RIGHT OF MAN TO SELF GO\ i.RN MEN I* He n.i itttiins the prinejpi* ffmt the majotity ha* the right to govern, lie sends p,,,. cisely upon (he ground that Tiiomuis Jefli-rwm origi nally made a party differeitc,'with Join Alums, le t tile quote a passage Irom the letter of Thimine J-fli nuin to John Adam*, Mating lire gronttd* on which the He liuMfoan t-arfy ol 17.N coinin -need it* op|r**itino to lire enoroaclnnenn ol Executive jarwer, and In which 11 owed da 1 roe origin. In the (th volume ~t .1 flerwm'a Memoirs,page 21*2. we tin,l the letter in which I ref r 1 II i* drill'd June 27, 1813, at,J contain* the following passages ” Tile erms of VVltig and Tory belong tonatinnni as well as civil history. They denote the temper nnd coo st.lotion nt nitti,l ~f different individuals Toromelo our own entiniry and 10 ihe time* when you nnd I he cam* first acquainted : we well remember the Violent parties wined nutated die old Congress, and lltetr hit ler contest* There you and I were arrayed togelhrr ; ofh*r*cherished the monarchy of England, ami we the riglrtsof our country. “Hut a* Min as lire constitution was pul into motion, ! the line ol division wa* again drawn We broke inio In i pailie*,each wishing to give the (LivcminciH a dif ferent direeiion ; THE ONKplie li judd ean jairtv, to ,s | HENI.MIIEN THE MOST I'OPUI.\K liiiANGH. ((’ iigr.3 Tilt O I IlLli Tilt. Mi IKE PERMANENT flliA.M IIES TO EXTEND TIIEIK PI .If MANENt ‘E lleie you and I srpnra ted tor the Him time, and one party placed your numt al their head—the uth r selected mine. ‘ DEI. TAVIZt* AND OCX. CAM. Precisely uon I'tat pruiCijile, General lew is Unas and General Z chary Taylor now differ, and aland ut i *u - Mm*thee ninny. Gen. Taylor plane* him*ell upon this juai principle, laving af fire liiundatioti of all repub lican forms ol Gorernine if —the 1 Ight ol ihs uinvniv m govern, lie holdatlr 4 tlw po|tulut branch ol ins gov srnmem poss-ms'* rights.arid that he, if eiectej Presi dent, would he bound to respect them He aav*. there fore, tn relerenec foal* those (treat quest inn* which have heretofore ngt nted the eoumry, ml.! which are properly within the powers of Congress, I*.: he wifi be gu,Je.'i hy lire will id the I eople.its expressed tty lii-rr Uepre. sennit,ves. On the other hand, what sav- General G-wisCtiss! He denies thill the will ol tire people ••’ill Kovem. He mnintnins the high federal doctrines ol ancient days.that the President ol the I'tnted .Stine w tli his veto power, shall control the will ol the people’ I le stands up ns the olinritpion of Executive power, and hns received hisnointiintion from a party convention under circumstances which I think, when cnrehrlly ex’ ‘""UU’ I by the American people, willaenl Ins fate ns a candidate belore them. Wlrut went these circum stances ! I. iCOTOCotSM OPPOSED TO THE RCLR CA THE MAJORITY. The very fitst rule adopted by the convent, m nssem 'nt Uultitnore was. that the will of the majority should not govern—that the vote „t nvo-thirds should :,<■ necessary to nominme the President. ‘J'hey had laid down that doctrine ttelore on u mrmorahl, ncon sion. 1 reler to the Baltimore noiiilnn’ion td IHI4 The result reminds nte of one of those games of cards w w li , , tiled “Solitaire,” in which you know a man plav-, against htmselt Did you ever see a man sit dovwt to |duy that game who did not elrat liintself \ The Demoerntie lenders, on this occasion, undettook to play “jMihtaire’ The Whigs were not pn sent to he cheat vl—and the very first actor decree was one in my judgment, to a most tiugiiioustraud, not onlv up on the country, but upon the puny Iself. it ordained tltnt the will or the people should ntt govern, mid thm no man -hould lie nominated for the Presidency without I the voted two thirds of that convention Well, now wltat must be (every body knows wltrt was the conse quence in this case) the necessary conseqeence of the establishment of such a principle by tiny jiauv I We call all very well estimate ihe jower.d one him- I m' l ”* thousand office holders, marry oi them anxious to |M*r(tetnote their dy ,n-ty. ‘l'hey can pack a Deinocrn -1 tiecotivention with more than une-third of its mrnt bers, though they might not Ire able to control n major tty. They can send on their relations, their frtendaand lepenilaius, ns delegates, nnd. undi r the operation of this two-thirds rule, govern the convention. It was so °” ll 'is occasion. All the gentlemen who composed ine-c invention went to"Haltimore bound to noaiinnte some candidate for the Pivside-cy. To Inti tonenm ;t;,t” by a convention would Ire to dissolve the party I’liev w, rc compelled, therefore,to make n nomination and when they entered the convention, they wa re met by a ruled elaring thnt the vote of two-thirds was ne £ 10 nominitle their Detnocratic candidate for the I rest lency. They knew that within the w; || s of the convention there stood a packed minority, of more tlitin one-third, representing the office-holders of the coun try, who could veto or negative the nomination of nnv mail nut subservient to their views, or would tun per petuate them dynasty ,orcontinue them and their Iriends in office. The candidates all undoraiood this before hand. and cat such occasions lie who nmkes the most satisfactory bargain with this clique of Inctiiat eon stittiting more than one third, but not one-halt'ol the convention—is sure to receive the nomination No other mail can get it. 1 say again every candidate understood this, anil eve ry luture candidate will, in till future Deinnrralie Con ventions understand it. Each ol them will know 11 is Impossible lor him to procure the nomination uni -s he (•an secure the services of those who came there for the purpose oi sustaining themselves in office He is bound then to lend hituseil to all their views if they desire to establish a platform of political troth, he must subscribe ton. He has no option. He must either relinquish all hope oi the nomination, or subscribe to evety dogma that this clique may choose to laydown Tn.l.r life e rciimstniices, 1 ask, what is the inevitable te idency of the parly which has nominated Gen. Lewis Cn.-s ’— Does it not directly tend to the rule of the lew over the many and eventually to a monarch’- I It tends to the establishment, in lire hist instance, of nn oligarchy, or in aristocracy ol office-holders—able to dictate iltc nomination of any mail they please They have a veto on the acts ot the convention ns absolute nnd et iectual ns tltnt which the President oftlie United efinies, Witom they may nominate and elect under the magic name of Democrat, may Itnve upon the laws of C'ou gress and the will ol the People. L ndoubtedly the great mass of (Ire Democratic pnrty ts honest and patriotic. We who are Whigs, U nd up ,lo-t, ,i to them 111 polities are entitled to a free expression ‘d ill *tr opinion in making a parly noniii. uinn ; and .lugs as well as Democrat* are defrauded hy tins 1 - lineal legerdemain tilts hocuu porus —introduced hy some political magician* into that party wnhinnlew ye.ns pe-t, which compels that party to accept a nomi nal ton made and forced upon them by the minority ■Such were the circumstances, such was the frand. -ueli was the established rule and iron law under which Gen. Cass received his nomination. GEN. CASS ON THE VETO POWER. Let ns inquire, in connexion with tins, what are some ol the other doctrines of the parly to which General Cass has been compelled 10 subscrilte. Among other things, there stands prominently the assertion of the Trent right and duty of the Proaideat of Ihr U;inert -hares to exercise the veto power without releienoe to I rhe limitations pre-cribed by the ftthets of the constitu tion. Everyone who hns perused the “Federalist” knows that Mr. Madison and his ass .eiao-s uniformly main timed that the great object of the veto was to en able the Executive ol the United Slates to defend tire co m tiition ami the executive power within its limits , -VO titan of their .lay preiended it was designed ihn, the veto power should he extended as it lias been to every ict of ordinary legislation, nn.l every instance in Iwh ch a party might hy the aid of it elevate or | sustain itself against the interests of the whole coun- I try. It never was imagined ty any memlier of the conven tion wlueli formed the constitution that the veto c: mse ut thru instrument could be o construed hv the most latitiulinarian expositor, as that the Prescient of the United St-HC3 should be enabled hy the tome of that clause, to become a part of the legislative power oftlie cotmtty. Now, however, you find the doctrine laid down by this parly boldly in their public pr ns tltnt (he President constitutes a part of the legislative p- wer of the country, and that the veto power is unlimited, nml was so intended to be by those who made the constitu tion. Let me call the attention of the Set,at to a con sideration of the principles upon which this veto puw'.-r was inserted in the American constitution. The first sentence ofthe constitution declares that all‘the leg islative powers herein granted shall he ve-.e I m lire , -senate und iiuuae ol Represeniauves ” No part of i the legislative power is given in the Pmi lent , f ,|... . United States. In the judgment of the fathers of the ’ Republic the Executive never constituted an os-, m : n | | c‘inponeiit part oi the legislative power \, 1 m.,i;. .| | pow er of revision was given to him ; hut it was never intended that he should exercise any legislative power In order that we may uu lersland this shliji er which enters largely into the great questions now le-fore ns. ict toe read a portion of rhe debate on the adoption of die constitution, iam particularly desirous of the at tt ttliott of the Senate to this point. Ijecaiise I ~~, see hy whom these extreme notion* in relation to the veto power were originally advanced. REPUBLICAN OPINIONS OF THE VETO. During this fwwion of we have heard the , nurmrable Senator from Ohio (Mr. Am.kn n j-tiong (U>nunciut ons mxaiimt (Colonel Uii.iulio i ns ; intenijonol a<lvi*ni*‘of k'nslv w nd monarchinld wtrin - nn.ln tisitorto th of liberty I ,).* ~t Ma j : here ftrthe puipose of hran.lnu one of ih* “>•,!,>cr men the country < ver p-odured with iffnomiin. . Z' ‘Dirc* lo show that tliearrst leslei of the | V<| -•nil pnrty, *hen thisHuliject wa* first preseuU l to |h,. ronsidenitfon ot the old Continental wr iV very nmn to press this veto power upon the o- invent and to insist uik>ii it* beinar mnd** ulisolute smi unauai v* Pape is, pa*e 151, w>* rer-J; ’*Mr. (ij'itr’d propmition now h*fire the *• t ,. - niittee, Mr. Wilson (rh<*n called n ‘consolidation b*.bo. n ' ,, t’) and Mr. Ilnmilton moved thnt the last pin n f it i*‘ xtruok out, ho a a to give the Exectutire an übuCnlr uegatire on the laws There was no dun er, th y thought, of such n power KHnjf t*o nmeh exrrri/aed fr wismWtioiu and hjt Colonel Hamilton that rhe Kiuj* >f ( •r<*fit Britain hnd not exerted his neoauve since t|e , Kevolution, (i e. 1698. > ‘Jliat is the sritumeiM in fuvor ofthe sbs*!ii*e veto ms.le iy one who h h*en reprevnted in t||i* chnni- A* r p rist)erif snd mnnnrrhist of that flay *i cry ’ n os that dv—- M’ Masui m hie seal ) RepuMrati. i> V r .fr l AY . ToN - I Hisnk my friend lor the word— Krpiwlicn i* n tnurli f>etter name. Mr said he saw no iteee*ity for wr a rest S control over th* L<vi*leture, ns the fjesi men m tfiv eoiiiiiry would Is* comprised 111 the two Irrrmches cTit, I'r j r tvKLtv *nnl he wss sorry t< differ from his e flengae. for w hom he hnd n very grert res|te<*t hi nny oeesstoa, hut heeoald not fo*lp it on tins H#* had luid ■oine expv'iienor ol this check in the Lxerutive <*n the l/ee ilure umler the Proprietary Government <ff I ennsylvnnls The negative of the Ontrrnor wm* eonst.Mitly iinide use of to extort money No good ‘"jv wluitevercmild he passed witlintn n private hrMjjnm wi'lihim. If llie F'xecntive wns to have ii r< une ! em*!i np"Wer would !e less object ion n hie. ft whs true the hi"g ~f (Jrewt Britain hnd not. us was siod. exerted Ins negative since the Revolution, hut thnt mnto i wh4 ea-ilv explained. The bribe* itnd eirudumerits now jii\en to the nif iiihers of Parliament ren<fered it nm e eewmy.eyery thintf hein>T done seeordmtf to the will of iheinmist r* H< wnsitlrnii it n netfadve sliould be jjivrn it* proposed, the more power nnd money would l** de mi ruled, till at ln*t e*omtf would h- ijot to niff i enrenndhrihe ths Leffislntnrr imoertnplefesuhjeetiotl to tli, will ~f die Fix rent ive ” , * noi.i * the IL'ptiidicm s!ioeiiink *r* R • ‘j*r o’ “'ir.SMXN wns *iennhlinc s n v nnn to stop dn* w i,l of the wht'df* N man f#d I be (Mind so tar above nil the rest n wisdom lie tbomibt to nvHii ourseivea of bis wiwFmi te revisinit the |w*. bn; noj p rinit Him to overrule die derided sn ( emtl dpmi'<iis of (he li'^ialntiire. ‘* r Wilson said in hi* speech for dw veto. “ there miktlit fie i*mpi*stuo is moment* in wind* nmmwiDea may iuii high between the ex< culive snd legislstive hrnijt he*, and in which the far our ought to be a t fe to * Mr. Bttrt rs bad freen in fnromf n tnstfistrnte ; but eiuld h* Imve ertrrtnnu and nn idcu tlmt n complete nrgnlivo on the law* wss to b** given him he rei lainly sliould linve noted very differently. It hnd !>een obsrrved that in nil crHinttie* the esets i.ye power it in n ( oustsrt coulee of irwrrce This ’ itfertsm* U tlir rnve In Great Britnin. Gentlemen seemed to think ihi.t we had notliing to apprehend from nn nbuae ,of the E'xecutive power. But why might not n Corn . tine or n Cromwell arise in this country ns well as in otheis ? ; ,^ r i Redforp, of D*lawnn‘, wns opposed to eve ry check on the lejislnfiire. even the council of division ■ ni-st proposed lie thought it wouhl be sufficient t innt k ,„it on the constitution the boundaries to the leg ishttiye uiithoritv, wliich would give nil the requisite se em py jo the rights ofthe other departments. The rep resentatives ut the people were the best judgesof whnt wns for tlieir interest. nml ought to he under no exter nal C(iiP Uvh tever The tw r o branches would pro duoe n sultic cut control within the legislature itself ” “Cos! Mason observed that a vote hnd nlrendy pass ed, he Found—lie was out t the time—for venting the exeentivr powers in a single person Among these powers wns thnt of appointing to offices in certain j c tse-; Theprohnhle abuses of n negative hnd been well explained hy Dr. Franklin, ns proved by experi ; cnee, the best of nil tests. Will not the same door he ; opened here ? The Fvx ecu five nny refuse its assent to necessary measures till new appointments .shall he re ferred to him ; nnd having hy degrees engrossed all these info his own hands, th<* American Executive, like I the British, will by bribery and influence, save himself 1 the trouble snd odium of exerting his negative after- j i wards We are. Mr. Chairman.going very far in this ‘ business. We nre not indeed constituting a British ; Government, but a more dangerous monarchy—an ! ■ elective one. Wcaje introducing Anew principle into 1 j onr sy*tem, and not necessary, os in the British Gov- | ’ eminent, where the Executive has greater rights to de- 1 fend. Do gentlemen mean to pave the way to heredi- 1 j tnry monarchy ? Do they slater themselves that the peopb* will ever consent to such nn innovation ? if they l do. | venture to tell them they nr*, mistaken The twa. ‘ fc urn. .A ! danger of delay, and the still greater danger of rejec tion. not fora moment* hut forever, of the plan which shall he proposed to them I Notwithstanding the oppression and injustice expe ; rienced nmo’ gt us from Democracy, the genius ofthe j people is in favor of it. and the genius of the people mnt I** consulted. Hr* could nr>t hut consider the Fed eral system ns in eff*et dissolved by the appointment of ths convention to devise i butter one. And do gentle n nen look forward to the dAngerotis interval between the vxf.inetion of nn old nnd the establishment of n new CjrOV'*mmerit, n*.d to confusion which may 1 ensue ? He hoped thnt othinglike a monarchy would ever e attempted in this country. A hatred to its op pressions had carried the people through the late Rev olution. Will it not he enough to enable the Execu tive to suspend offensive laws till they shall be coolly reviser!, nnd the ohiection* to them overruled hy a great er majority than wns required in the first instance T He never could agree to give op all the rights of the people Ito a single magistrate. If mor* than one had been . fixed on, greater powers might have been entrusted to the Executive He hoped this attempt to give such powers would have i<s weight hereafter a* nn argu ment f,,r increasing the nnmher of the Executive. ” Alter this Dr Frawkltn again spoke against the veto power, treating this question ns it it involved that of f monarchy or republicanism: and one passage of his ‘‘ P p > eh contains a prophecy to remurknbie that l must i rend it to the Senate : T “ The fir-t man put at the helm (of State) will he a goo l one. Nobody know* whnt sort may come after wards The Executive will he always increasing here. Hi e sewhere. TILL IT ENDS in a MOVARrtfY ” T ins, then, if appears that the opinion of six out of nine who pnrtieinated in the debate was that nn nbso 'u te and unqualified veto would introduce a great mo narchical feature into our institutions : in other words. th t the Executive would he converted into a monarch hv its adoption. That w*s the opinion of Franklin, of Mas mi. of Sherman, of Bedford, of all except the illra J Fede roLists of the day. | THE t*OCOFOCO PM TRINE ON THE VETO IDENTICAL WITH THE OLD FEDERAL DOCTRINE. j K r where nre we ?—Whnt is the pnrtv which now Irani’ -tits this ultra veto power? TV pnrtv thm nrrn t j tt*oM tiro ntnio of Demnorniir Thnt i tiro puny vvi.idt nincf* in th” foreground of it* pnlltionl j plt!o rm ffr-doctrine of the nfiwlufr nnd nnq'inlifi-d •M” ‘ of the veto power Tlraf is tiie pnrtv which I e-'h' 1 “,onn” •""'i'Mlificd veto on ill” lnn.i , L’ 1 , Thnl J' l ' l ,n distribute tlie nett nroeeed* of t *1! ff epui.lir Inn !* Mmontr tlie Ptnte*. whiefi pn*od ifio.lt House* in March, IS33wn* bill wltiefi would bive O ten t!te people ol enolt State in litis Union the TWM'isol edne'inntr all their children without Inxntion , wi.l nf 1 mprovins their harbor* mul rivers These fund* foive heel, since wasted upon land-jobbers and pnrtv tnv, rttes.nn Government contractor* nnd riffle.’ holders, rtnd noi n dollar ol nil there unnumbered millions hns been Riven to those who owne I them ns right ully ns | nnv man on earth ever owned hi* own hen*.* j By nn <(nit. veto —“n poriret veto —n vile trick nn ri ran i upon the pcrmle arid their representative* mis lull wna defen ted nfter (lie retires,nranve* of the natron hnrt pned it hv vns 9ft, nnv 40_nrore than tw,ot in.'s /h ■ bill pnsse.l Within the last re n dnvs ot the session, ns tiiree fourths ol nil the laws of Con. Rte.s ~nve Always passed, nnd always will pn*s Expo netree shows us thnl the Inlrors of Congress nre eonsnm | mated wuhtn tlie last ten days ol each aesfion. and tltnt Ini's wine,l have been d:*enssed nr inntureil fin-months are Renera iy s Hired at the close of lire session If I %h“serore tb President enn, for the watt, of ten dnvs’ within winch the oonatj.ntinn allows him to retain n J kill for lus stennture, withhold his sanction nnd retnse .1 rettirn the bdl he enn defeat it. altlmitorh lwo-thiril9 •I enelt branch should Ire and eposed to pass it ns the con *""1,0*1 authorise* them to do. The Senate ns well ssth. Heine,in March. 1*3.1.w00d ready to n’rinul the veto on the land hill. The Senators from North nnd .-'noth Carolina, (Mr. Mnnaum nnd Mr Cnlhnn,)as I 1 well as myself, were pres,mt at lire time in the Senate [ ;nn lwcnre nll liere now ready to attest this to fe true j , l ire 1 resident obtained secret information of (he spirit I ~ ho aminst ins veto power, and pocketed the , n in defiance ol Ut ■ whole spint ofthe eoirstiiu ! 11 it. I'fint wn . a errw* case of the exorcise of the absolute I and unqualified veto, which has never been condemned, .ut nl wavs approved, hy yourpaeuda Democracy nnd ! “""J preced.-nt, which may virtually annul the wnole power oi Cotißiess. Tire qualified ruleorpow erot revision recoßttiocd liy lit” constitution, aulnect to llti’ wel of two-third.ol each branch of Coiigreso,has >ecn cxetctse.l in Ure cases ol the lull to pay the imer c?t due tli Ist,ales lor expenditures ia the Inst war, the yr hi! sot improvement of rivers and harbors.the om In rechnrtertne bank, lit bill torqahlisr the sessinn l Gonorem me French spoliation hill, and ill so many “herras-s that it is..lift n!t to enumerate them. The*- vetoes have Item sustained hy Executive infl j mce Congress has fallen beneath the Executive rut, strengthened astfiat is, nn.l always will he, hy a venal and soise 'ment pres and ihereodvuid of tie- P. si Os. I tic • Department, with n hundred thousand office-hold- I w.imn willnhv iys “ crook ihe pregnant ‘ kingea ot ilie kite where thrill may foifow fawning ’— t 1 lie whole veto power, nn this ext rrised, is now sus- I tniiic.lhv th- Baltimore phis .rm, and promptly ndopc- ! e l by * 1. Cass, in his acceptance of the Baltimore iioinmution. ft is port of his established ami. ur.s Taylor’s opinions on the vet*). On the other Inn I. how stands the man we support ontl.Mg tl and Vital sutei roll He denounces die hip ;) j . we;—th. power for the exercise of which a , J“* nutt and n urh>u lout tU *ir heads-—and confines to- veto Cos the caws ip whiuh ihe fathers of ihe republic nite i fed if to b * ex *rcifej. fl * treats it as a “ high conservative power/’ So did they.—Th y declared, by their ex|ss.tion in the “ Federslisf, ” that ifs chief ••hied was* tertuide the Ex-cutive to defend hiiwlf w i- r. allacked. I Ijey meani \i m be * shield* not a | sword. ’• Ii my opinion,” sivs Gcp. Tuyh rin tii let . jer t and apt Al|i* >ii, , ‘H saould never b* exercinedex* e *pt in eases of c! ar violution ih; c iratituiion, or mninft•“t Iriste an I want ofconsideration by Congietw.’* ill inml* -tly add-. ‘‘lndeed, I nave thought pn many j ns past the kii wn opinio,'is and wish *of the Ex erutive have exercised undue and injurious infiuenee ! njKn tue legislative ff *J- i.’ *., amt from this cans'’ lh ire thought our system was ri danger of undergoing a great change from Us true t'eory. ’ >Str, if h.* (i 11 been torty years in ilv’sr* foills j I instead ot the tented fiel I, lie eoulJ uot have more i t loroughly utuJersiooJ tlw true theory of this Govern* ‘ j ineiil and its actual and inev.table tend nicy, a* now j allowed him .u the eimp, by tlie wstdifire in clx* night, JoraniiJ th • inteivils i battle a if uiilitiry seiVae, . deeply studied the 411:111 of our Government and its * 1 practical udm lustration. I Hir.it would cansumc inori* time than is necessary for my purp.iee so show how often the w 11 of the peo- ‘ I pl#,e*ir- ed hy t n*ir K-pres.-, 11 n11 v lin Congress,has j b-N'il detested hy the iron w;tl of a President, and es . P ’• J'lly by the exercise of he .n inn nines I ts gstife ori the lass. In the language of a d:*iii>4Uihed ••ntes man, ‘tL ■ extreme tnedi nn* of the crnsiitut on h s fw- , 1 conn* oui and uiv I***4.” E/ *ry in.it 1 who rrtpfitibei* thf 1 lust*iy oi die Inst twenty y< ns, will i*ear me witness tdut in ihi* 1 •** (’! the m > iem D tiujoracy huve dufied i to a returnU-sadisia < • from tUe old f ind marks ot r * j puNicauiSiii The Executive preiogstivo is no longer th* sub.i ■! of attack,b**l its Udvocsles have been wie 1 nryj|.*iiij assailant* of ihe n ;hn of ihe people and of , th# iiopuiar ix uicli of the t*ov,rniiK a nt. “ T>iu i ol >w,i Ins 1 m* i'-'ised, is PU'ieasi ig, und oug it to >•* duiiinidied.” G> has broken down tlie power ofthe peopb- to imp'ove then rivet* and Itarhirs ; and cl’iit j 11 ! n *w an I untried *y*tem of oorren-y, in and -spile of tlieir ‘ express*-1 opinion ; nnd even gotir so Isi as 10 deny j the 1 igM of C*ugi* •• In p iy r private claim to an A net- ‘ I r-f ■! to the c'nm l.r Fr*meh sp lis lion* on our corn- J mere.* pilin’ to l i'si. fni the iiquntnDon of which a bill | nosed UiHil ijuier ‘of Coil -ir** two vests ago a ‘ill, I t!v i>imeifti* *( which In* never un IcpukmJ , n hill. ti wli cii it c* pilpih e he never gave a work's attention in I hi* life. ih< ugh Congress p im-d it after havin - held it J •i lei !i*de ft tom I* r s pond of ucaily fifty yes j The GovemutSiM fwsreised to be I Goveniment * 1 h ■ 1 i***|ile, and hns h#c mw u Goveiunn nt of on * man —I P* wee, sa\* Jamur, m ount #ui(ly t tiling from the many to ‘or fi-w, and, I i.iay add* from the b*w so one The one nili 1 power i* the sibjeet of nncT.si ig eniofy aum ig* 1 -of the u tvotal.Mil die Bulthnote Oonvett . tion plat lot 1 and one of t'n and legates lately made s I siH'ech to *tow us stip'ilotily m e:ne*ntrating all r<*s- II osftdHliiy inotit head, uwirad of dividing il smo ‘g I many, tms frankly n vowing Ilia preference for the mon archical to the republican principle. We rnasr arreet thi® tendency to a monarchy if we intend to remain n republic. When you tnlk tome -ibout Whig principle*, tariff, the currency, internal improvement*, land bills, nnd public economy, 1 tell you that, although i am a Whig, yet 1 hold that, in coin pari-on with the arent principle® now nt issue between Lewi* Cnsw and Zachary Tnylor, the other principles of any party ever vet known in thin country sink into in significance. I am called upon, in the election of Zachary Taylor, to vindicate the gr-at right ot man to Hell-government, and the right of the People through tlieir representatives in Congress, to make lws. I aiu called upon to deny the right of the President of the United States to assume the position of a legislator ; and, whenever the day shall come that hia right to lejr- I'dnte slinil he ncknowledged, thnt moment the republi can character of our (Government utterly ceases to ex ist. You may call it whnt\ou pleaae—you may style t ic man nt the hend of the Government n President, ns Bonaparte wns in the first instance styled thp First Con • “ul,am! afterwards Emperor ot the Republic—hut to ull intents and purposes your republic is at un end. It i become* a monarchy, an elective monarchy, the meanest nnd most despicable form m which that kind ! f Government can exist. ISSUE BETWEEN TAVLOR AND CASS. Here, then, ih the principle upon which I make issue j with the honorable gentleman from Mississippi m the j approaching Presidential campaign. I mean to stand ■ by Gen. Baylor as the representative of the right ol j man to self-government. I mean to support him be i cause he has boldly nnd nobly proclaimed himself before i the country ns tlie champion of this great principle, that the majority should govern. In nil those ens s where the fathers of the republic intended that the veto power should be applied he declares thnt he will exer clearly and manifestly unconstitutional, or has been passed in haste und without due consideration, he will o • prepared to apply the veto. He is ready to apply it to sustain the Union of these States against nny danger ous infraction ol the constitution. But h- will permit the people to govm themselves. He will sutler the Representatives of the People and til*- Stnte®, in these hall* to make the lnws. He will not set himself up ns nn essential pun of the legislative power ot the nation. He will, when he reaches the Presidential ohnir, stand hy the great principles avowed on this subject hy Muili ison and hia compatriots of 1787, and utterly repudiate the kingly maxim practised upon in the present day— 'Sic voUi, sic jobeo, sic veto Stct pro rations vo luntas.” 1 propose to look n little further into this subject. I desire the .Senate and the people of tlie country to un derstand what kind of Government was sought to be es tablished by those who introduced the veto puwej into the constitution of the United States, and the kindred principles which actuated them. 11l Mad icon’s papers Wi* find a copy ot the coastuunon which Col. Hamilton, the lather ot the veto, intended to propose. Here are three ol its provisions : “Article I.—Sec. 1. The legislative power shall hi* vested in two distinct bodies of men, one to be call ed the Assembly, the other tlie Senate, subject to the negative herein a I ter mentioned. •) Article IV—Bee. 10. The President shall have n light 'O negative all Intis, resolutions, and acts of the two i louses of th.- Legislature about to be passed into law*. 4 Article lll —Sec 6 The Senator* t-imil hold their places during good behavior, removable only by conviction, on the impeachment, lor some crime or misdemeanor.” Here nre the principles oftlie Government which toe author ot the veto power intended t;> introduce. It ts l Miami st that the mind of the author ofthe veto power was at ail infinite distance from the opinion* ot thoas who made tn** oonstitation. It i-* evident that he in tended to establishin Bennie foi life, and to make the President a part ofthe legia alive power. J.oeO-FOTOISM converts the republic into a mon archy. But the Executive practice in these days (all of which seems to he fully approved by Geu. Cass) is not mere ly sir veto, but sic rob, sic mhso He now assumes 1 the initiative in addition to the veto power. He not on iv recommend*, hut dictates to Congress. Hisopin ion* are daily quote I in debale here, nnd control <ur ! legislation. It hns been but four days since an attempt t was made hy the Senators from Kentucky and Tennes see (Mr. Underwood and Mr. Bell) to remove the ob -1 st ruction* in the river Ohio, nt Cumberland island ■ Every body here teemed to think it right to remove it • hut it wa* known nnd s iid tout the President would ve | to the hill which contained it. ami the improvement i fell So the navigation of the Ohio must he ohsti uct**d till Taylor can put it all right by allowing Congress to make laws. We have now not a s-ngle river or har- I bor bill before Congre*s— notone men sure of internal \ improvement. Why f Because we know uis idle to waste our time in passing them, ns the President has I puhlkdv avowed his resolution to veto them oil. The will ofthe people i* nothing. Aii men here look only to the will of the President. He is the fountain of l po e- I Now. in the British House of Common* under a I limited monarchy, tie independence of Parliament if j secured hy a rule which makes ir out of order tor any I member to state in debate whnt ia the wdl of the King; I nnd it is perfectly tnie. ns Colonel Hamilton stated iii the Convention of 1787, that no King ot England hns dared to exercise the veto power since the English rev ! olution produced hy th#* Whigs nf 1688—one hundred | an*l sixty years ago. Why l Because the exercise of I n power so despotic, which wholly denies to the people I the right of self-government, would, even in that lim j iteil mon*rehv. have cost spy English monarch his ; head. (Jueen Victoria would not keep the throne 11 w. >l| und'-1 one oi out Presideati®l *vt< • \V. have ! the name of a republic, hut slut noimnis umbra— it i stands hut the shadow of o name. 1 fir*t came into Congress neatly twenty years ago. and I have since been an attentive observer of men and things here, though one of the hum blest of the a®to:on this thea tre, where men. with loud profeMMM a of Democracy on then lip*, cherub the despotic principles in their hearts ; and I now any that tlie monarchical y*ar been* growing stronger, that ma ny of onr lefftaii'tve act® of the trU*"’ mi>o*iaut char acter nre drafted at the Executive Departments, to s iit the wilt of the Ex cut v - . and that Congress has d-generated, under Democratic Presidents, till it is Imfo better than the register of the edicts of an Empe ror. It nbut a fewikiysaiuct-a mmilx-r who ha* serv ed in Congress about! furty years (Mr. Webster) de clared hi lus place that be had never known Prcsi deux.% t bi3 heart on gny great meuftur? which hi did not force through Congress. MR BENTON'S KEli IRkS ON THE VETO. I Why is tlds? Let a Debit-cratio report, made to I drive the younger Adnme from power twemy-two r years ago, make the answer The veteran mrwiher • from M -souri, (Mr, Benton) in his report on Execu ’ five patronage, May 4. H2fl, afirr ensmerating the • monstrous extent ot Uk l power of that patroiiuge, | say*: “The whole of ill is great power will centre in the | President The King of England is the ‘fountnin of honor ; r th** President *t the United States is ihe sourre o’ patronage He presides over the entire system of Federal appointments, johs nnd courwi* frle has j power’over the ‘HUpfM.rt’ of the iitdiv duals who ad min utter the system. He make* and nnmakev them.—- He choose® from the circle of his friemls and sutiport er*-., an I may dismiss them, nnd, upon all the princi ples of human action, will d'*mii* them, as open ‘a* they disappoint his expeetnti* ns; Hi* spun will animate tlieir action* in nil ihe elections to State l snd Federoi s There may he exception®, hut the truth of a general rule is proved hv tlw* excep tion The intended cheek and control nf tlw* Senate, without new ©onstitutsHUd or ststutary provdiotis, will | cease to ope rate, fhitronage will penetrate tins body, subdue its rapacity of resistance, chain it to the car of 1 p wer, nmf enable th* Prentdent to rule ?is eaaiiy. and ’ tn-ich more securely with, than wuliout, ‘he nominal ®'i <’k of the Senate I knt to—MiiHTNitsuaMirotttif people. elected hy them and responsthte to them, there would ’ He less danger front this concent ration of all |>ower in ! hia hands; hut it is the bnmeaa of statesmen to act upon things as they are, and not as they would wish 1 them to be. We mu*i then, l-**k forward to the time when the public revenue wilt be doubt,■ /; when the civil and militar y officers of the Federal tiovernment iron'd be iju ifirnpled; whetvts mH*i-nee over mdivbi ual* will be multudied te an in a eflu tie extent; when the nom u -tion by th • Prss. lent can t ariy any man through the Senate, an l hrarw-ommendatmii can carry j any measure through tbe two liousra of ('ongrens > i when tlve prirv i pie of pnhlic octiirn wili he ofwii and i avowed ; the President wants MY vote and I want hi* | pitronage; I will vor r. as he wishes, and he will m* thr office l wish far. What will thi* be Hut the Government of one man ? and what is the Govern ment of one man but a monarchy f Nantes ate noth- j big The i m tine of ath fog ism hi aubsiunoe. and % | the name soon lecotnmodate® it*ei# to thv -übetanc. - Tv first Roman F.mperof wns styled Emperor of the j HepuMic, an I tlte last French Emperor took the same title ; ami their resnective countries were just as essen tially tnanarehical before av after the assumotton of tlieae title* |i eanfiot lie deified, or dissembled, but j tlist tin* Federal Government juavitntes to the same point.** Ae Those who make ilu* Pieeident must support him, Their political fsith becomes identified, I and they niu*t stond or tall together. Right or wrong, i they uiii*i sitpp ri him ; and. if he is made contrary to ! the will of th* people, he must be supported not only by votes and sjterclte*, but by arias.” OI NI RAL ‘>N TUB TARIfI. I proceed now to an*wer some of the int* rrogaiiona prouoaed by the honorable Senator from Mushsiqipi; . ainh first, tnri'infion to the tariff II ask* me w.riti cr fit n Taylor i* mi Lvoi f ihe Tat ill I answer that 1 Gen Taylor has expressly declared in hi* letter to j Cnpt. AlitO'ti dint he will on that subject. •obm , t to th® j will of the people. If they, hy their representatives in ; Congre**. cliiio*i* to if*n protective tarifflaw. he will tint veto it. It they cootr to retain the frec-irsde law ol 1810 he will not interfere with p Ibe Senator ( nsk* whit ia my portion in regard to till* question f—l answer that I etn a Whig, and, ae o true Iriertt! to ihe A meric in tariff of Bli. and ihe principleaof that lailH, I ant perfectly content* with the President of the Util led State* who ®iii permit he will of the reprteeutt* . tativee of th# pe pie and us W itete* to become tbe VOL. XXVI No. 19. liw o< tV land. The honorable gentleman referred ti> letter of mine, written in 1846, to my political I mends l in Delaware. in which f avowed myaeli to be, I *™t I have always felt proud to declare myself. a I * n< ! th* protection of American industry and tha tari'f of 1842. It was a letter written, not ns he says, f >ra I residential electron, hut fora State election, and y.i the eye of it. I shall never abandon it, but I glory in the principle it avows. The honorahle Sen ‘tor inquired if there was n man °1! this side ofth* Chamber who was in favor of that tar- ( 1 ft of 1812? I am, and I think ail on my side of the chamber will concur with me. But Ido not desire i General Taylor to force any tariff upon the country by j the exercise of Executive power, He m willing, on | thnt great question, to let the voice of the people gov ! ern ; and no man, be he from the NVrth or Irom the ! S nth, who desires to ;;urb the expression of the peo- I pic on this subject, can justly call himself a true re j publican. It Is because ( Jen. Taylor, on this as on other great | questions, ‘tnnds on republican ground that we desire | his election. He occupies precisely the platform on 1 which Mr Jeflerson placed himself in the o- igin ol par ! ties in thi* country. He am fwvoi of strengthening ihe ! popular branch of tlte Government and npj* s.d to ihe I augmentation of Executive power. This w n the g.*at l dividing landmnrk between parties in 1798 But nlns! I vour modem L)enu>cmcy has been driven by its office holding leaders to a very different positiom from that I occupied by Mr. Jefferson. It now stands as the ad- I vocafe, the prop, and support of kingly power. [H-re 1 Mr. C. addressed himsell to the Democratic of the I chamber.) You defend nil its encroachments. Yon j ppurn the rights of the country and of Congress. You I decided that the President shall put down the will of , the people ; and you have no ninated a man wh > ‘lands 1 pledged before the Convention, by his letter of occept : mw+tpiwinmuw, i**pqi.q : great lendrng questions, in any other way fh*n as a ( mere faction may dictate. By tin* action of a Convcn -1 tion. which the minority was suffered to control, nnJ i wh ch look only one night to consider all the great I questions ol public policy, your candidate is pledged to veto the vote of the peop'e, should even nine-tenths of , them decide upon a repeal of the tariff of 1816 and a re- I enactment of tint of 1842! Now, on t! is gro nid, is there nnv honorable free- I trade man who will hesitate to give his support to Gen. , Tnylor 1 Eve 1 v honest Democrat—every native r.rd j every naoiralized c.tiiwn—can support General Tay or; j and no one c m accuse them of ....i.-ta’ 7 in 2 fr* mu - y , political p'rty to which they may hav* h en attached j l, as a Whig, can unite w ith iny fallow cit : i*nc.f the Democratic party in the support of Gen. Taylor, | an I all l ask of them is to be republican in th'ir heart, . and nHow the wiil of the people to gov*’ n ; 1 lor thnt is tlu* great principle laid d< wn by hint in the Allison letter, and it towers infinitely nh- ve nil other questions of party ever made in this country. I cher.-h no unkind personal feeling towards the <Jia tingu shed gentleman whom the Detno< ;atic Conven tion nominated. 1 have always entertained lor him the highest regard on account of the excellence o his pri vate character. But l am now reviewing his public *'nis, not his private life. I have shown that, instead of occupying republican ground, he stands precisely in the position maintained by Col. Hamilton and Mr. Wil >n in the federal Cwiiyi. oboe—Pledged to sustain the ultra exercise of Executive power, and to veto and I put down the will of the nation on eve y sub ject upon I which an o>> iventinn hnvc had tlv* effron j tery to dictate their arbitrary dogmas to the American people. These men have thus s< t themselves up above the constitution, and usurped ‘he legislative power. | They seek to control the appointment of Chief Magis trate, and, bke ihe Po'ir.i Diet, virtually to elect a > monarch to rido and rue an übused and insulted peo i pic. WUICTI IS THE REPUBLICAN PARTY? Which then is the Republ ran party ? It is the great National Party, composed of Democrats, naturalized j eitizens, native citizens and Whigs, patriotic men of all j parties—who now constitute the great Taylor party of I the country. That is the true Republican party ; ©p- I posed to the downward tendency of the (Government in its administration—anxious to avert its progress to tnonnrchv ; and, unless the principles of thnt pirtv le sustained the liberties of the country must, sooner or ; Inter, fall beneath the nxe which has boon laid to their j r< ot by the proceedings of the interested and im lgue •mg f ction winch has by turns muzzled, cajoled, and trampled upon the rights of the modem Democracy.— When, then, I call upon nnv man to support (General Taylor, I do not ask that he should he merely a Whig hr a Democrat, hut a Republican—a Republican not merely by prvteaaion, hut u Republican in heart, and I in d-ed. l*he party leaders in the ooßv. ntion that introduced th s two-thirds rule, aid thus cheated itself, refusing to allow- the mnj.>rity to govern, have felt air ady the con sequences of th-‘ir conduct Thm rule was u.tr dueed ns n permanent principle of the Damooratie party in the coi.V Mit oii and 1814. and was a deliberate fraud upon Mi. \nn Bern end Ins friends. He went into the con vention expecting that the will of the iiiajoirv- would 1* bowed to control its action, and he received the voles of a decided majority of that convention But the politicians—those jugglers who understood the game whicli was to be played—so contrived it that a majority could not control the action of the convention, j Thev deluded Southern tnen by the pretext that, ss the North had a majority of votes, their institution of s a very was in danger, and thus procured iheir aid to I eatab ish the rule that a vote of two-thirds was neces sary to nominate the candidate. They thus re voted Mi Van Buren ; and wimt has been the re ult l This 1 political magician, as he was called, has applied hi* ,na tie touch to your party, and lo! it is crumbing in to duat! It is prostrate beneath his Icet st this mo* I meiit. Thf splendid party fabric—the Regency pal hcc—which by hiawizard art, he erected 111 the Em pire Stite, has vanished like lire morning mist, or one of those dreamy mansions of which we read in East ern lairs, at the touch f one of ihe genu The ven geance of ihe mail who wsiuu*(f* r-iiuiied and dd-at ed equals that of Mazeppa, the prince of Barnburn ers:— “For if we donut mark the*hour. There never yet wn* human power That could evade, if’ uutorgiven, : The patient search and vigil long Os him who treasures up a wrong.” ’ 1 any to gentlemen who now vainly attempt to up hold this lotu-mig fabric of progressive, aggressive, an I retrogressive Democracy, that on the day on which , you established that principle and oveithrew the funda mental pnneip**A of ah repuhiiran govr: uiueut, your . dc-liny wsa sealed f From that hour vour doom was irretrievably fixed. Nothing could or cansnveyou 1 from the fate that awiit* you Nothing cap wive any PTty in this country that shall and ire k> establish such an unprincipled rule. The people may l>e humbusgrd tor a time, but wlien they have been allowed opportu nity for reflection, and we a fraud perpetrated, re pented, and enjoined asn principle, bv which the right of the mg;orii v is denied, the aliacktcM ol party can bitul them nolonucr. They imbibed this sacred prin ciple tri ui their lathers: they were taught it by their niofhers auiulst the first lessons of their infancy, and ’ they know that without it then Government wouid be 1 r inverted into a government of pronunciamentoe, and l could ten exist an hour Wliigas lam, a.- dev. thi ve b< rn, 1 h*%v no hesitation in declaring that i! the Whig partv were to assemble in crnivetuio tu-mom w imd adopt such a piinoiple, I would leave them the moment 1 couid address a letter to flic public. GENERA TAYI/>* AND THE CCREENCT. The Senator also inquires what will Gen Taylor do Jin reference to the Subtreaaury nnd the Hank f 1 an ■ swer tluit Gen Taylor has pledged himself, in the Al lison letter, to let the peeple govern. If they want this 1 miserable Suhtrensury scheme they wil keep it If they want to repeal it he will interpose no veto upon the exercise of their will. On tlie other hand, how stands Lewis Casp, the champion of the Democracy f He stands p!c Iged to retnin the Suhtrensury in apite tp’ the will of the people. If three-fifths of the |ip . should cqyw? here deniyvti*’* rme , ‘f®* * ry law, Mr C ass would be bound to frample^P ollll •* will. Winch, then„ is the Republican, wlgbh flr true Democrat f ’ Mr. Foote Wilt the gentleman hear witll me while ; I snbmii another question I Does he te,s*ra tfe veto lawyeraaa conservative one, to be letnsied, ora* one jto be struck out of the constitution ? flto be retain* and, should it not le exercised T Mr. Clayton, I am very glad wit the prnflemifii I ha# put this interrogatory I how the veto power tobe a great conservative power ip’he constitution. 1 do i not trek, nor do the frieiuj* ° Gen. Taylor seek, to ! strike it from the ooust>ty<iui). We regard it as the lathers of the republic (ML emiservitire power to , enable ‘he Fxccuti e *> defend itself, snd to be exer ’ cined precisely within the limitations laid down by Madison and his associate*. Gen Taylor specifies the causes fur which he will apply the veto. THE NATIONAL BANE NOT IN ISSUE. I return now lo the ooaMikra’ioii of tlw u estifit of ihr cunenrf sod tire lastiotinl bank, at winch po. he i Benator interrupted the course of my remarks And 1 recur to the hank attest ion particularly. that this matter may be put to rest solar as is in toy power, now and I forever. Ido not know a man wh'supports 4 Jen Tay ! i *r that entertains tliemost rrmoie idea ol brn gn I tue I question of a natioiinl llank lielore the t’ongie* of Union 1 do not know a Whig on this side ol tha\ i chamber, or any where else, who dwindlesa*v idea of reviving that question. ’I hr get n leu is n on tlie • ‘her •ids will rattle tlie dry hones Os the old li|k oi die L T j .States in our faces . but tliey will, by doing so, only irighten the men oiih r own party, wlio vut* u in Con gress for, and carried tli.it bank charter , in and die\ will attempt in vain to rid*- any longer on then “I I p* Ltual hobby naan anti-bank pmiy. What- ver opinion, we mny ll ve to regard to triat greni question, we I.IVI all resolved that ice will never revive it. lithe D mo or* tbs Party wains a Bank of the U. State* U t ‘hem inove it NV> ..n tills side of the chamber know it at a national bank could he of no value to the country, nn ieas sustained by the will of both the great par ties of ih ‘ country. i*sm Ires to declare here the part which I took in reference to the question. 1 voted for the b nk in IS Si ; tt duct t under your lend sir; lor y mi, Mr. President, lMr Dallas,) wreie the cb#i min of the committee that report** the bill. I f -Ilowed; hat lead. We pMgyd ,ihe bmk bill with your assistant, your argutoeiM, y*w’ > snee, agj rets. and your aj* eatetidhiivuoaa luruisr;