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JOURNAL & MESSENGER.
JAMES T. SISBCT AMD SIMRI ROSE,
EDITORS.
The Child’s way to Heaven.
The following beautiful poem was published a
vear cr two since in a London Annual. We know not
the name of the author.
*o’n ! I am weary of earth,’ said a child
As it gazed with tearful eye
Oi the nwt white dove that it held iu it* hand,
’For whatever 1 hive will die.’
So the child came out of it* little bower,
It came and looked abroad.
And it said, ‘I am going this very hour
1 am going to Heaven and God.’
Th.re wan a shining light where the turn had set,
And red and purjde t>o;
And seemed as if earth and heaven met
All around the distant blue.
And the child looked nut on the far, far west,
And it saw a golden door.
Where the evening sun had gone forest
But a little while before.
There was one bright streak on the child’s dark face,
A s if it had been riven ;
Said the child, ‘I will go to that very place,
For it must be the gate of Heaven ’
So atvav it went to follow the sun.
But the heavens would not stay,
For always the faster it tried to run.
They seemed to go farther away.
Then the evening shade* fell heavily,
With night dews cold and damp.
And each little star on the dark blue ky
I.it up its silvery lamp.
A light wind wafted the fleecy clouds.
And it seemed to the child t'.iat they
Were hurrying on to the west, while the stars
Were going the other way.
And the child called out when it saw them stray.
By the evening l reczes driven,
‘Little stars, you are w andering out of the way
That is not the way to Heaven!’
Then on it went through the iough waste laud*
Where the tangled briars meet.
Till the prickles scratched its dimpled hands.
Ami wounded its little feet.
It could not see before it well
And its limbs grew stiff and cold,
And at last it cried, for it could not tell
Its way in the open world.
So the child knelt down on the damp green sod
While it said its evening prayer,
And it fell asleep as it thought of God,
Who was listening to it there.
A long, long sleep—for they found it there.
Wii hi the sun went down next day;
And t 00l e 1 like an angel, pale and fair,
But ;ts cheek was cold as clay.
The sunbeams glanced on the drops of dew,
That lay on its ringlets bright.
Shaking in every brilliant hue,
Like a coronet of light.
TIME AND LIFE.
BT C. D. STUART.
There is a dark and mighty sea
Which restless rolls its tide,
And countless rivers silcu: ly
Into its bosom glide;
That sea Ls Time! upon its shore,
All gloomy witli the past,
What wrecks of ages, evermore,
Life's river-streams shall ca.- .
There, shivered in the *auds are strewn
The proudest works of Art;
There, pyramid and sphynx, o’erthrown,
Os dust and mould are part:
There, beggars sleep embraced by kings,
And there, all silently,
Beneath oblivion's awful wings,
Nations and races lie.
0 dark and mighty is tliat sea—
The re-tleas sea of Time —
Its waves, unto lute’s river-streams
With solemn music chime;
And phantom men and nations trca.l
Its grim and gloomv shore.
The living to the land if death
To welcome evermore!
Carlyle on Stump>Speaking.
-Given a general insincerity of mind for several gen
erations, von will certainly find the talker establish
ed in the place of honor ; and the doer, hidden in
the obscure crowd, with activity lamed, or working sor
rowfully forward on paths unworthy of him. Al! men
are devoutly prostrate, worshipping the eloquent talk
er; aud no man knows what a scandalous idol he is.—
Out of whom in the mildest manner, like comfortable,
natural rest, comes mere asphyxia and death everlas
ting! Probably there is not in Nature a more distrac
ted phantasm than your common-place eloquent speak
er, as he is found on platforms, in parliaments, on Ken
tucky stumps, at tavern-dinners, in windy, empty, in
sincere times like ours. The excellent “st ump orator,”
as our admiri’jg Yankee (fiendsdefine him—he who in
any occurreut'set of circumstances, can start forth,
mount upon his “stump,” his rostiuin, tribune, place
in Parliament, or other ready elevation, and pour forth
from him his appropriate, “ excellent speech/’ h- inter
pretation of the said circumstances, in such manner as
poor wiudy mortals round him slull cry bravo to—he
is not an artist lean much admire, as matters go!—
Alas, he is in general, the windiest mortal of them all,
and admired tor being so, info the l*argain. A mouth
piece of Chaos to poor benighted mortals that lend ear
to him as a voice from Cosmos, this excellent stump
orator fills me with amazement. -Not empty, these mu
sical wind-utterances of his! they are big with prophe
cy ; they announce too audibly to me that the end of
many things is drawing nigh !
He who Well considers will find this same “ art of
speech,” as we moderns have it, to be a truly astou
ishing product of the Ages ; and the longer he c.insid
ers it the more astonishing and alarming I reckon it
the saddest of all the cuises that now he hearv on us.
Words will not express w hat mischiefs the misuse of
words has done, and is doing, in these heavy-laden
generations
I)o you want a man rot to practise what he believe*
—then encourage him to keep often speaking it in
words lively time he speaks it the tendency to do it
will grow less FI is empty speech of what he believes
will boa weariness and an affliction to the wise man.—
But do you wish his empty speech of what he be
lieves to become fur; her an insincere speech of w hat be
does not believe ? Celebrate to him his gift of sjieech;
assure him that he shall rise in Parliament by means
of if, and achieve great things without any performance;
that eloquent speech, whether performed or not, is ad
mirable. My friends, eloquent unperformed speech, in
Parliament or el-e where, is horrible! The eloquent
man that delivers, in Parliament or elsewhere, a beau
tiful speech, and will perform no! lung of it, bu. leaves
it as if already performed—what can you make of that
man? He has enrolled himself among the iou * fdt<
and Children of the YYind ; means lo serve as a beau
tifully illuminated Chinese lantern, in that eorji* henct -
forth I think the most serviceable thing yon could
do that man, if permissible, would be a severe one : To
dip a bit of his eloquent tongue, by way of pen
ance and warning ; another bit, if Tie again spoke with
out perfinning; and so again, till you had dipt the
whole tongue away from him, aud were delivered, you
and he, Lom one, at least one miserable mockery:
“ There, eloquent friend, see now in silence if there be
any redeeming deed in thee; of blasphemous wiud-.dw
queace, at least, we shall have no more !”
******
No grand doer in this woi Id can be a copious speak
er about hi* doings. William the Silent spoke him
self best in a country liberated ; Oliver Cromwell did
not shine in rhetoric ; (icethe, when he had but a book
in view, found that he must say nothing even of that,
if it was to succeed with him.
******
And would you learn how to get a mendacious
thought, there is no surer recipe than carrying a loose
tongue. The lying thought—you already either have
it, or will soon get it by that method. He who lies
with his very tongue, he clearly enough has ceased to
think truly m his mind How can the thought of such
a man —what he calls thought—be other than false ?
Alas ’ the palpable liar with his tongue does at least
kuow that he is lying, and lias, or might have, some
Clint vestige of remorse and chance of amendment; but
the impalpable liar, whose tongue articulates mere ac
cepted commonplaces, cants, and babblement, which
mean only “ Admire me, call me an excellent stump
orator!” —of him what hojie is there? His thought—
what thought he had—lies dormant, inspired only to
invent vocables and plausibilities; while the tongue
goes ao glib, the thought is absent, gone n wool-gaibet
ing; getting itself drugged with the upplausc “hear,
hear!”—what will become of such a man? His idle
thought ha* run all to, seed, and grown false, and the
giver of falsities to the inner light of his mind is gone
out; ail his light is mere putridity and phosphores
cence henceforth. Whosoever is in quest of ruin, let
bint, with assurance, follow that man; he is oue, or is
on the right re id to it.
Be not a public orator, thou brave voting British man;
thou art now growing to be something—not u stump
orator, if thou const help it. There where thou art,
work, work; whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it—
with the hand of a man, not of a phantasm; be that
thy unnoticed blessedness and exceeding great reward.
words, lot them be lew, and well oixiered. Love
silence rather than speech in these tragic days, when,
for very speaking, the voice of man has fallen inarticu
late to man, and hearts, in this loud babbling, sit dark
And dumb toward one another.
The old are nhat they are, and will not alter; our
hope is on you—England’s hope, and the world’s, is
that there may mcu more be million* such, instead of
units as now. Afoete: i /unite ptd*. And many future
generations, acquainted again with the silences, and
once more cognizant of what is noble and faithful and
divine, look back on v* with pitr and incredulous as
tonishment.
sar On splitting ofi’ a piece of old marble at the
Washington Navy Yard a few days since, by Commo
dore Rogers, there was discovered ( four inches below
the surface* several holes about the diameter of a
small pistol bullet, in each of which there VM a muscle
alive anti kicking.
John Delaney, of the Fort Winnebago Time*,
claim* to be the oldest Editor of Wisconsin, now cm*
needed will) any paper in the State. He says; “We
were the first apprentice in any printing office in the
Btate. We were graduated from the office of the
Given Bay Intelligencer and Wisconsin Democrat, in
lMf.”
No e of Mr. Everett to Mr. C'rampton,
(A Copy of which was also sent to the French Minis
ter, M. DeSartioks.)
Department ok State, |
Washington, Dec. 1, light. j
Sir: Yon are well acquainted wi ll the melancholy
circumstances which have hitherto pre\ rated a reply
to the no.c which \on addressed to my predecessor <>ti
the Bth of Julv. That note, and the instruction of laird
Miiliiiybury of the Kth of April, .accomjianving if, with
a similar communication from the French Minister, and
the }fojet of a convention between the three Powers
relative to Cuba, have been among the first subject*
to which my attention has been called by the I*tevi
dent.
The substantial portion of the pretxised convention
is expressed in a single article, iu the following terms:
“The high contracting parties hereby socially uud
collectively disclaim, now, and for hereafter, ail inten
tion to obtain possession of the Island of Cuba, and
they resjieotively bind themselves to discountenance all
a;tempt* to that effect on the purl of any Power or in
dividuals whatever. The high contracting parties de
clare severally and collectively that they u ill not ob'aiu
or maintain for thetnacl ve*, or tor any of ihem*dves,
any exclusive control over ihe said island, nor assume
nor exercise any dominion over the same.”
The President has given the most serious attention to
this proposal, to the notes of the British and French
Minister acconqutnyitig i, and to the instructions of the
Kail of Mahnsbunr and M. De Turgot, transmitted wiih
the project of the convention, and he directs me to
make known to you the view which he takes of th siui
|M>rtant aud delicate subject.
The President fully concurs with his predecessors,
who have on more than one occasion authorized ihe dec
laration referred to by Lord Malmsbiirv and M. De Tur
got, that the United States could not see with inditle:-
eucc tlie Island of Cuba fall into the possession of any
other European Government than Spain ; not, however,
liecausc we should be dissatisfied with anv natural
mcivasc’ of terri ory and power on the pan of England
or France. France has within twenty years acquired
a vast domain on the northern const “of Africa, with a
fair prospect of indefinite extension. England within
half a century has addl'd very extensively to her ctn
fire. These acquisitions have created no uneasiness on
Ihe |n of the United States
In like manner, the United Sta*es have within the
same jivriod greatly increased their territory. The
largest addition was that of Louisiana, which was pur
chased from Fr nice. These accession* ofterritory have
~robably caused no ttneasiiKs to the g eat European
vovers, as they have beeu brought nbotit by the opera
tion < f natural causes, and without any disturbance of
•he international rela'ious of the pruicijwl States.—
i’hev have been followed also by a great increase of rati
ttally beneficial commercial intercourse between the
United States and F.in ope.
But the case would be different in reference to the
transfer of Cuba from Spain to any other European |>ow
•*r. That event could not take place without a serious
derangement of the international sys'em now existing,
md it would indicate designs, in reference to this hetu
i | lure which could not but awaken alarm in the U.
.•Mates. We should view it in somewhat the same light
in which France and England would view the acquisi
tion of some important island iu the Mediterranean by
•lie United States; with this difi'orencc, it is true, that
lie attempt of the United States to establish them
- elves in Europe would be a novelty, while the appear
utceof a Euro] man power in this part of the world is a
limiliar fact. But this differetice iu the two cases is
merely historical, and would not diminish the anxiety
which, on |>olitical grounds, would be caused by anv
zTeat demonstration of Euro]>can jnnver iu anew di
ection in America.
Lord Maliosbuty states that Great Britain could never
*ee with indifference the possession of Cuba by it •*y [low -
er but Spain, and explicitly declares that she has no
wish or intention of appropriating the island to herself;
md the French Minister makes the same avowal on be
half of his Government. Lord Malmsbury and M De
Turgot do the Government of the United States no more
Iran justice in remarking that they have often pronounc
ed themselves substantially in the same sense. The
I'resident do<?s not covet the acquisition of Cuba for the
United S ates. At the same time, he cons and is the con
dition of Cuba as mainly an American question, and
to a limited extent only a European question. The
imposed convention proceeds on a different principle.
It assume* that the United State* have no other or
•greater interest in the question than England or France;
whereas it is necessary only to cast cue’s eve upon the
map, to see how remote are the relations of Europe, and
how intimate those of the United States with this
island.
The President, doing full justice to the friendly spirit
in which his concurrence is invited by England and
France, and not insensible to the advantages of a good
understanding between the three Powers in reference
lo Cuba, feels himself nevertheless unable to become a
party to the promised compact, for the following rea
sons : It is, in the first place, in hi*judgment, clear (a*
fair as the respect due from the Executive lo a co-ordi
nate branch of the Government will permit him to an
ticipate its decision! that uo such convention would be
viewed with favor by the Senate. Its certain rejection
by that body would leave the question of Cuba in a more
unsettled position than it is now. This objection would
not require the President to withhold his concurrence
than the convention if no other objection existed, and if
a strong sense of the utility of the measure rendered
it his duty, as far as the Executive action is concerned,
to give his consent to the arrangement. Such, however,
is not the case. The convention would beof no value un
less it were lasting. Accordingly its terms express a
perpetuity of jmrpose and obligation. Now, it may well
tie doubted whether the Constitution of the United
States would allow the treaty-making’ power to impose
apermanent disability on the American Government, for
aft coining time, ami prevent it, under any future change
of circumstance*, from doing what ha* been so often
done iu times past. In 18<UJ the United States purchased
Louisiana from France , and in I-1 ‘j they purchased Fior
i‘a of S[.ain. It is not within the competence of the
treaty-making power, in effectually to bind the
Government, iu all its branches, and for all coming time,
not to make a similar pin chase ofCuha. A like remark,
I imagine maybe made even in reference both to Eng
land and France, where the treaty-making power is
less subject than it is with us to the eon.rol of other
branches of the Govern meut.
There Ls another strong objection to t!ie proposed
agreement. Among the oldest traditions of the Federal
Government is an aversion to political alliances with
European powers. In his memorable farewell address,
President Washington savs:
“The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign
nations is, in extending our commercial relations, 10
have with them as little political connexion as possible.
So far as we have alteadv formed engagements, let
them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us
stop.”
President Jefferson, in his inaugural address in HOI,
warned the cou itry against “entangling alliances.”—
This expression, now become proverbial, was unques
tionably used by Mr. Jefferson in reference to the alli
ance with France of 177 b—an alliance at the timecf in
calculable benefit to the United States, but which, in
less thau twenty years, came near involving us in the
i wars of the Freuch revolution, and laid the foundation
iof heavy claims upon Congress, not extinguished to the
! present day. It is a significant coincidence that the par
! ticular provision of the alliance which occasioned these
evd* was that tinder which France called upon ns to aid
her in defending her West Indian iosscßsions against
England. Nothing less than the unbounded influence
of Washington rescued the Union from the perils of
that crisis, amt preserved one neutrality.
Put the President has a graver objection to entering
into the promised convention. He has no wish to dis
guise the feeling that the compact, although equal in its
terms, would be very unequal iu substance. England
and France, by entering into it, would disable them
selves from obtaining possession of an island remote
from their seats of Government, belonging to another
Kuropean pow er, whose natural right to possess it must
always be as good a* their own; a distant island, in
another hemisphere, and tine which, bv no ordinary or
)>cnccful course of things, could ever belong to either of
them. If the present balance of power in Kumpe shor.l l
be broken up, if Sjatin should become unable to main
tain the island in her possession, and England and
France should be engaged in adeaih struggle w ith each
tuber, Cuba might then be the prim of the victor. Till
those event* ail take place, the President does not see
how Cuba can belong to any European power but
Spain.
The United States, on the other hand, would by the
proposed Convention, disable themselves from making
an acquisition which might take place without anv dis
turbance of existing foreign relations, and in the uatu
r.U order of things. The Island of Cuba lies a’ our doors.
It commands the approach to the Gulf of Mexico,
which washes the shor**s of tire of our States. It bars
the entrance of that great river which drains half the
North American continent, and with its tribu'aries
forms the largest system of internal water communica
.ion in the world. It keeps watch at the doorway of
oar intercourse with California by the Isthmus route.
If an island like Cuba, belonging to the Spanish crown,
gu irde 1 the entrance of the Thames a id the Seine, and
th * United States should propose a convention like this
to England and France, those pow’ers would assuredly
fee! that the disability assumed by ourselves u r as tar
less serious than that which we asked them to assume.
The opinions of American statesmen, at different
times and under varying circumstances, have differed
a* tu t ie desirableness of the acquisition of Cuba by the
United States. Territorially anil commercially, it
would in our hands be an extremely valuable posses
sion. Under certain it might be ul nost
essential to our safety. Still, lbr domestic reasons, on
which, in a communication of this kind, it might not be
proper to dwell, the President thinks that the incorpo
ration of the island iuto the Uuinii at the present time,
although effected w ith the consent of Spain, would be
a hazardous measure; and he would consider its acqui
sition by force, except in a just war with Spain, (should
an event so greatly to be deprecated take place,) as a dis
grace to the civilization of the age.
The President has given ample proof of the sincerity
with which he holds these views He has thrown the
whole force of his constitutional power against all illegal
attacks upon the island. It would have beeii perfectly
easy for him, without any seeming neglect of duty, to
allow projects of a formidable character to gather
strength by connivance. No amount of obloquy at
home, no embarrassments caused by the indiscretions
of the Colonial Government of Cuba hare moved him
from the path of duty in this respect. The Captain-
General of that island, an officer apparently of upright
and conciliatory character, but probably more usea to
military command than the management of civil affai s,
has on “a punctilio in reference to the purser of a priva e
f eamship, (who seems to have been entirely innocent
of the matters laid to his charge, i ret used to allow pas
sengers and the mails of the United States to be lauded
from a vessel Laving him on board. This certainly is
a very extraordinary mode of animadverting upon a
supposed abuse of the liberty of the press, by the sub
ject of a foreign Government in his native country.—
The Captain-General is not permitted by his Govern
ment, three thousaud miles off. to hold any diplomatic
it tervourse with the United States. He is subject, in
no degree, to the direction of the Spanish Minister at
W aahington; and the President has to choose between
a resort to force to compel the abandonment of this gra
tuitous interruption of commercial intercourse, (which
would result iu war,) an l a delay of weeks and months
necessary for a negotiation with Madrid, with all the
chances of the most dcplorublc occurrence* in the inter
val; and ull fora tri. that ought to have admitted a
settlement by an exchange of notes between Washing
ton and Hie Havana. The President, however, his
patiently submitted to these evils, and has continued
faithfuilv to give to Cuba th“ advantage of those princ -
pies of the public law, under the shell or of which air*
ha* departed in this case from the comity of na'ions.
But the incident* to which I allude, and which ore still
in train, are among many others which point dcciatveh
to the expediency of some change iu tint relations of
Cuba; ami the President thinks that the influence of
England and France with Spain would be well em
ployed in inducing her so to mod fy the udininistration
of the government of Cuba us to afford the means of
some prompt remedy for evils nl’ ih • kind alluded to
which have done much to increase the spirit of unlaw
ful enterprise against ihe island.
That a convention such as is proposed would hr a
transitory arrangement, sure to bo swept uwu\ b. th •
irresistible tide of affair* in u new country, is, to t ie tu -
prehension of the President, too obvious to require it
labored urgumeut. The project rests on jirinciplo* appli
cable, if at all, to Europe, where interna ionul relations
are in their basis of great antiquity slowly modified for
the most part in the progress of time and events; and
not applicable lo America, which, but lately a waste, is
tilling up with intense rapid.ty, and adjusting on tta u
ral principles those territorial relations which, on the
first discovery of the continent, were iu a good degree
fortuitous.
The comparative history of Europe and America, cvo”.
for a single century, shows this. In 17 irf, England,
France, and Spain were not ilia eriallv different in their
political position iu Europe from whatlhey now are
They were ancient, mature, consolidated S.n <•*, esuvl
lished in their relations with cucli o her and tin rest i
the world —the leading Powers of Western and Souih
ern Eurojtc. Totally different was the state of things in
America. The United States had no existence as a
I loop] e. A line of English colonies, not numbering
much over a million of inhabitants, stretched along the
coast. France extended from the Bay of St. Lawrence
to the Gulf of Mexico, an 1 from the Allcghanius lo the
Mississippi; beyond which, west waul, the continent
was a wilderness, occupied by wandering savages, an
subject to a conflicting and nominal claim on the part i
France and Spain. Every thing in Eurojic was compai
atively fixed; everything in America provisional, incipi
ent, and temporary; except the law ol progress,which is
a* organic and vital in the youth of States a* of individ
ii .1 men. A struggle between the provincial authorities
of England and France for the possession of a petty
stockade at the confluence of the .Mononguhela and th
Alleghany kindled the seven years’ wav; at the close <
w! licit the great European Powers, not tu it crially ulfec -
ed in their ro'a'iot s a hotne, had undergone ustoirs'iirg
changes on this con inint. Frauee had disappea; and
f om the m:ip of America, whose inmost :cc *ses Into
been penetr.i'ed bv her zealous missionaries and her
resolute and gallai ♦ alvenutrers; England had milled
the Ca iad.isto he trai Atlantic dominions; Spain had
become the m'stres* oi Louisiana ; so that in the lan
guage of the Archbishop of Mexico in 17 f<’*, she claim
ed Siberia as the noil hern boundary of New Spain.
Twelve years only from the treaty of Palis elapsed,
and ano'her great change took place, fruitful of still
greater changes to come. The American revolution
broke out. It involved England, France and Spain in a
tremendous struggle, and at its close the United State
of America had taken their place in the Family of Na
i > s. In 1 u •ope the ; ncieut States were res ov l su! -
s untialiv to their former equilibrium; but anew ele
ment of incalculable importance in reference to territi -
rial arrangemauls is henceforth to be recognised in
America.
Just twenty years from the close of the war of th
American revolution, France, by a treaty with Spain, <
which the provisions have never been disclosed, possess
ed herself of Louisiana; but did so only to cede it to the
United States; and in the same year Lewis and Clark
started on their expedition to plant the flag of the Uni
ted States on the snores of the Pacific. In 1 slit Florida
was sold by Spain to the United States, whose territo
rial possessions in this wav Jtad been increased three
fold in half a century. This last acquisition was so
much an a ter of course, ilia’ it had been distinct!
foreseen by the Count Aranda, then Prime Minister c 1
Spain, as long ago us 178 1.
But even those momentous events are bit the fore
runners of new territorial revolutions still m ire stu
pendous A dynastic struggle between the Emperor
Napoleon and Spain, commencing in 18 H, convulsed
the Peninsula The vast possessions of the Spanish
Crown on this continent—vice-royalties aud c.iptuiu
gencralships tilling the space between California and
Cape Horn —one after another asserted their indepen
dence No friendly Power iu Europe at that time was
able, or if able was willing, to succor Spain, or u.d li ;r
to prop the crumbling bur.ressos of her colonial empire.
So far from it, when France, in lsj;s, threw an army of
1< ‘Jilin men into Spain to control her domestic politics,
England thought it uecessary to counteract the move
ment by recognising the independence of the Spanish
provinces in America. In the remarkable language of
the distinguished Minister of the day, iu order tii re
dress the balance of power in Europe, he called into ex
istence anew world in the West; somewhat overrating
perhaps the extent of the derangement in the Out
World, and not doing full justice to the position of the
United States in America, or their influence on the for
tunes of their sister republics on this continent.
Thus, in sixty years from the close of the seven years’
war, Spain, like France, bad lost the last remains of her
once imperial possessions in this hemisphere. The
United States meantime were, by the arts of peace and
the healthful progress of things, rapidly enlarging
their dimensions and consolidating tlieir power.
The great march of events still went on. Some of
the new republics, from the etfe n ot a mixture oi
races, or the want of training in liberal institutions,
showed themselves incapable of sell-government. The
province of Texas revolted from Mexico by the same
right by which Mexico revolted from Spain. At the
memorable battle of San Jacinto in 1 i /j she passed the
great ordeal of nascent States, and her independence was
recognised by this Government, by England, by
France, and other European Power*. Mainly peopled
from the United States, she sought naturally to be in
corporated into the Union The offer was repeatedly
rejected bv Presidents Jackson and Van Buren, to
avoid a collision with Mexico. At last the annexation
took place Asa domestic question, it is no lit subject
for comment iu a communication to a foreign Minister.
Asa question of public law, there never wis an exten
sion of territory more nit orally or justifiably made. It
produced a disturbed relation with the Government of
Mexico; war ensued, and in its result* other extensive
territories were, for a large ‘pecuniary compensation on
the part of the United States, added to the Union.
\\ ithout adverting to the divisions of opinion which
arose in reference to this war—as must always happen
in free countries in reference to great inc isures—no
person, surveying these events with the eye of a com
prehensive statesmanship, can fail to trace in ihe main
result the undoubted operation of the law of our politi
cal existence. The consequences are before the world
Vasi provinces which had languished for three centu
ries tinder ihe leaden sway of a stationary svstein, are
coming under the influences of an active civilization,-
Freedom of sp< e. h and the press, the trial by jury, ie ig -
on* equ .lity, and rej resentative Given meut have Leu i
carried by the Constitution of the United States into
extensive regions iu which they were unknown before.
By the settlement of California the great circuit of in
telligence round the globe is completed. The discove
ry ot the gold of that region, leaning as it did to the
same discovery in Australia, has touched the nerves of
industry throughout the world. Every addition to the
territory of the American Union has given homes to
European destitution and gardens to European wan*.—
From every part of the United Kingdom, from France,
from Switzerland, and Germany, and from the extre
inest iinrrh of Europe, a march of immigration h as
beeu taken up, such as the world lias never seen before
Into the United States, grown to tlieir present extent
in the manner described, but little less than half a mil
lion of a population of the Old World is annually pour
ing, to be immediately incorporated into an industri
ous aud prosperous community, iu the bosom of which
they find jiolitical and religious liberty, social position,
employment, and bread.
It is a fact which would defy belief, were it not the
result o official inquiry, that ihe immigrants to the U.
States from Ireland alone, besides having subsisted
them elves, have sent back to their kindred for the three
last years nearly five millions of dollars annually ; thus
doubling in three years the purchase money of Lou
isiana.
Such is the territorial development of the United
Slates in the past century Is it possible th it Europe
can contemplate it with an unfriendly or jealous eye ?
What would have been her condition in these trying
years but for the outlet we have furnished to her starv
ing millions ?
Spain, meantime, has retained of her extensive do
minions in tiiis hemisphere but the two islands of Cu
ba and Por.o Kico. A respectful sympathy with the
fortunes of an ancient ally and a gallant people, with
whom the United States have ever maintained the
most friendly relations would, if no other reason exist
ed, make it our doty to leave her in the undisturbed
possession of this little remnantof her mighty trans
atlantic empire. The President desires to do so ; no
word or dcea of his will ever question her title or shake
her possession Hut can it be expected to last very
long? Can it resist (his mighty current in the for u ics
of the world? I* it desirable (hat it should do so?—
Can it be for the interest of Spain to cling to a posses
sion that can only be maintained by a garrison of twen
ty-five or thirty thousand troops, a powerful naval
force, and an annual expenditure tor both arms of the
service of at least twelve millions of doll.v.s? Cuba at
this moment costs more to Spain than the entire naval
and military establishments of the United States cost
die Federal Government. So fir from being really in
jured by the loss of this Island, there is no doubt th t
were it peacefully transferred to the United States a
prosperous commerce between Cuba and Spain, resul -
mg from ancient association and common language an l
t is es, would be far more productive than the best tor.-
trived svstem ofcolonial taxa’inn. Such notoriously has
been the result, to Great Britain of the establishment of
the independence of the United States. The decline
of Spain from the position which she held in the time
of Charles the Fifth is coeval with die foundation of
her colonial system ; while within twenty-ive years,
and since the loss of most of her colo lies, site has e.i
-/- ed upon n course of rapid improvement unknown
nee the abdication of that Emperor.
I will but allude to an evil of the first magnitude—l
mean the African slave trade—in the suppression of
which England and France take a lively interest ; an
evil which .-till forms a great reproach upon the civili
zation of Christendom, and p rjietuates the burbirism
of Africa; but for which, it is to be feared, there is no
hope of a complete remedy w hile Cuba remains a Span
ish colony.
Hub whatever may be thought of these last sugges
tions, it would see in impossible for any one, who tc
flects upon the events glanced at in this note, to mis tike
the law of American growth and progress, or think it
can be ultimately arrested by a convention like that
proposed. In the judgment, of tliel resident, it would
be easv to throw a darn from Cape Florida to Cuba,
in the hope of stopping the floiv of the Gult stream, as
to attempt by a compact like this to fix the for*uues of
Cuba, “now and for hereafter;” or, as expressed in the
French text of the convention, “for the present as for
the future, (jxtitr le. iirment <y>wn*t jx>nr Vareuir f) that
is for all coming tune. Tito history of the past—of
the recent past affords no usMiiittoce tlmt twenty years
lienee France or England will oven wish that Spam
should retain Cuba; und a century lienee, judging of
what will be from what has been, the pa go* which re
cord the proposition will, like the record of the family
compact between Franco and Spain, have uo interest
but tor the antiquary.
Even now the ftio.idont cannot doubt that both
Fnineo and England would j.refer any charge in the
condition of Cuba to that whieh is most to lie appre
hended, viz. uu inlet mil com ttlnion which should renew
the horrors aud the fate of Sail Domingo.
I will intbnut • a final objection to the proposed con
vention. Lord Malmsbury ami M. de Turgot put for
ward as the reason tor entering into such a compact
“the attacks winch have lately been made on the island
ol Cuba by lawless bands of adventurers from the Uni
ted States, with the avowed design of taking pnsses
*on of that island.” The President is convinced that
the conclusion of such a treaty, instead of putting a
stop to these lawless proceedings, would give anew
and powerful impulse to them. H would strike a death
blow to the conservative policy hitherto pursued in
this country toward Cuba. No Administration of this
Government, however strong in tlui public confidence
in other respects, could stand a day under tin; odium
of having stipulated with the great Power* of Europe
that, in no future! time, under no change of circum
stances ; by no amicable arrangement with Spain ; by
no ~ct of lawful war, should that calamity unfortunate
ly occur; bv no consent of the inhabitants of the Is
land, should they, like the possessions of Spain on the
American continent, succeed in rendering themselves
independent ; in tine, bv no overruling necessity of
s l -preservation, should the United States ever make
lie acquisition of Cuba.
For t.iesc reasons, which the President lias thought
i’ u li isuble, considering the importance of the subject,
to direct me to untold at some length, he feels con
vtrained to decline, resjicctfully, the invitation of Eng
land and France to become parties to the proposed con
vention. He is pursuaded that these friendly Powers
will not attribute this refusal to any insensibility on his
part to the advantages of the utmost harmony between
tbs great maritime States on a subject of such impor
tance. As little will Spain draw any unfavorable infer
ence from this refusal; the rather, as the emphatic dis
claimer of any designs against Cuba on the part of this
Government, contained in the present note, affords all
the assurance which the President can constitutionally,
or to any useful purpose, give of a practical concur
rence with England and France in the wish not to dis
turb the possession of that island by Spain.
I avail myself, sir, of this opportunity to assure you
of my distinguished consideration.
EDWARD EVERETT.
MACON, GEORGIA :
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY V 2, 18 K
It is with sincere regret that wo announce the
death of Samuel J. Ray, Esq., which occurred in this
ci yon Thursday morning, the 6th insf. Mr. llay was
i native of North Carolina; but had been a resident of
his city for many years. He had been confined to his
■oom for several weeks previous to his death, and had
suffered severely from hemntorage from the lungs; but
it was not supposed that his life was in imminent dan
ger, and our community was struck with painful and
sorrowful surprise, when ii was announced that lie was
no more.
For the last seven years Mr. Ray has been connected
with the Gtiiijin Telegraph, as Editor and Proprietor.
During the comparatively short period of his tonnex
i >n with the press, the State lias passed through an ex
traordinary jiolitical excitement, in which violent pas
sions were aroused, and prejudices engendered by
political differences of opinion, which time only car: re
move. Mr. Ray was a zealous Democrat—in the more
recent divisions of Party, a.Southern Right* man—and,
in the conduct of his paper, evidenced the strength aud
honesty of his devotion to principles, which lie con
sidered essential to the maintenance of the equality of
the South in the Union. Ilis qualifications as a journ
alist may be judged of by ihe position which he gave
to the paper he conducted in the party to which lie be
longed.
His prominence as the conductor of a party-press,
the boldness with which he asserted his opinions, aud
the violence of party excitements, exposed him, of
course, to misrepresentation and abuse, which intensi
fied his party-devotion, arid increased his zeal for the
cause he represented. We record these facts with sor
! rowlul regret, that the outspoken truth may benefit us
who remain to conduct the jntblic press of the State,
now whilst the awful solemnity of death rebukes the
violence and uncharitableness and bitterness in which
we too often indulge, and impresses us with tlie truth,
that
“ We are such stuff
As dreams are made of; uud our little life
Ls rounded by asleep.”
Death lias snatched one of our associates from the
circle of our sympathies, our liojics, our fears, our
interests and our passions. His career is ended; and
we may now appreciate his virtues, and do justice to
his kind and amiable character as a man. It is some
thing noble and redeeming in our poor, frail, weak and
erring humanity, that the dead have the charity of
men’s thoughts, which is denied the living. And it is
gratifying to us, who knew and apjircciated Mr. Bay,
to observe the favorable notices of his life and charac
ter by his cotemporaries of the press, which have fol
lowed the announcement of his death. Living and
acting in a position of antagonism to the passions and
interests and opinions of many of his fellow-men, lie
has gone to that unknown and silent shore, where we
must all follow him, more regretted than many others,
who jjass silently through life by quiet j'U’hs.
On Wednesday, the fith inst., the President, in
reply to the resolution of the Senate of the Grd inst.,
! calling for information in relation to the proposed Tri
partite Convention, on the subject of Cuba, transmitted
to the Senate a report from the Secretary of State, nc
! companied by the correspondence which has taken place
i upon this subject, between the governments of England,
Franee and the United States. We have selected for
1 publication, to-day, the powerful letter of our brilliant
and accomplished Secretary of State, addressed to the
representatives of England and Franco, as the most
interesting and most important part of the correspond
ence; and because it is destined to he the text for all
discussion of Cuban affairs during the present session
of Congress. We have read it with admiration and
delight, not only on account of its smooth diction and
polished rhetoric; but of the intensely American spirit
which pervadeß it, and of the high-toned jmblic mor
ality of this Government, under its present Administra
tion, of which it is an evidence and a vindication. It is
a crushing and pulverizing answer to the opponents of
the Administration, with regard to its Cuban policy,
and, at the same time, a stronger presentation of the
advantages which its possession would give us, and of
the intimate interest we have in its future destiny, than
any Cuba annexationist lias given us. It is a bold and
distinct avowal of the decj> interest which this Govern
ment has in the Island of Cuba, and of the determina
tion of the present Executive to adhere to that policy
of his jiredeccssors, which would lead it to resist, by
force, its transfer to any other great European power;
aud, at the same time, it is an equally bold and equally
distinct recognition of the obligations of public law
and of treaties, by which the United States is bound to
respect the rights of Spain in her colony. It is emi
nently conservative, and at the same time eminently
American in its tone, and leaves no ground for those
to stand upon who have assailed the Administration
upon its foreign policy; for whilst it exhibits the Ad
ministration just to Spain, and careful ol tlie honor, as
well ns the interest of the United States, it shows it is
determined to resist all foreign intervention ujion this
Continent. It presents the subject of the annexation
of Cuba, complicated as it is, by our relations to Sjiain,
and by our interest iu the island, as a question, which
must receive its solution by time, and by the peaceful
and natural order of events.
This is the jiosition of the Administration, hut the
letter of Mr. Everett is not a portizan defence of that
position, but a declaration of the sentiment of the con
servative portion of the Americau people ujion this ii -
tcresting question; ujion this account, indejieudent o
its reasoning and argument against the projiosed Tri
partite convention, it is an important and interesting
document, which will serve as a rallying point tor the
conservative jiortious of the Whig and Democratic pot
ty, and take from the question of Cuban annexation
the partizun character it has assumed in the fierce as
saults which have been made upon the foreign jiolicy of
the Administration. Tlmt policy is, to-day, sustained
by a Democratic Congress, and has received the em
phatic endorsement of Democratic leaders. It is ihe
jiolicy of the country, and will, we believe, be the jioli
cy of the incoming Administration, despite the efforts of
Douglas aud Weller, and tlieir thousand babbling
echoes, to impress a different character upon it.
Upon the immediate question discussed in the dis
iutch of Mr. Everett —the acceptance or rejection of
he jirojiosed Convention —the Administration has ta
.en the only course which an American Admiuistra
on could pursue. The Wxtu'n'aujtin, Union-, the Metro
politan organ of the Democratic Party, refers to Mr.
Everett’s communication, “as an argument against the
proposed-measure, aud as a vindication of the policy of
uur Government in rejic ing it, altogether conclusive
md unanswerable.” The reasons for this rejection are
pven by Mr. Everett with great force. The principa*
one urged, and that one which is most significant c f
the future policy of this country, is that Cuba is an
American question; that the interest of this {Coun
try in it is greater, more intimate, and more direct than
that of Fngland or France: and that there can be no
equality in substance, though there may be in terms, in
a convention between England, France and the United
States, by which they shall guarantee the possession oi
tlie Island to Spain. The language of Mr. Everett up
on this point is, though moderate, tantamount to a dec
laration that neither England or France has that inter
est in the Island of Cuba, which can justify their pro
posal of the convention, and that this Government will
not trammel itself upon a question purely American, by
European alliances, or suffer itself to be controlled by
European iullu nice*. It is a bold assumption of the
position, that the United States is the power, in the af
fairs of the Western hemisphere, which must and
will control them, independent of European powers,
European influences and European ideas, and lias doub -
less startled the sensitive diplomacy of England and
France, as much as the celebrated letter of Webster
confounded the envoy of Austria. For, viewed as an
intimation that the inflate incut of the Monroe doctrine
will be the future policy of this Government, and that
its immense power will be actively exerted in this direc
tion, to which the progressive spirit, the activity and
energy of its people, os well as their interests and pas
sions point it, it is the inauguration of anew era it! the
history of this Government and of the world. We
commend the letter of Mr. Everett to the attention of
our readers.
Governor Cobb.
We find in the lldtiirure I‘atrwt the following let
ter, which it says comes fiom a quarter entitling it to
credit. We give to it the same credence which we have
given to all other speculations about the composition
and complexion of the Cabinet of General Pierce. —
Senator Hunter, we may mention, has returned to
Washington City from Virginia, instead of visi ing Mil
ledgeville; at.d we fear that Governor Cobb’s chances
of a Cabinet appointment are as hopeless us we have
always supposed them to bo We fear this, because wc
should be highly gratified by his promotion, as a man
who correctly represents the Union Democracy of the
Sou: baud the National Democracy of the Union. It
is supposed and asserted that he represents no party in
this State but tlie Union Democracy, which is a power
less minority; and this idea has injured his chances of
deserved promotion. But outside of the Democracy
he represents a large class ol men, the Transitionists of
the Whig Party, who await the development ofthe pol
icy of the new administration, to oppose or sustain it,
and who would view the nomination of Mr. Cobb to a
place in the Cabinet, as a guarantee that they might safe
ly sustain the administration of Gen. Pierce. Mr. Cobb
could bring to General Pierce a stronger and more de
sirable support than any man in the State.
Washington', Jan. 3, 18-53.
The last rumor in regard to the Cabinet—and it comes
from a source to challenge belief—is that Mr. Senator
Hunter, who can have certainly any place in the Cabi
net lie will select, is about to go, or has gone, to Geor
gia, there to see Gov. Cobb, with authority to oiler him
the office of Secretary of the Treasury, provided, so the
source from which the report comes says, he be found
orthodox on points deemed by Gen. Pierce and Sena
tor Hunter, as material in the administration of the gov
ernment. If Gov. Cobb then takes the office of Secre
tary ofthe Treasury, Senator Hunter will take the head
of the Suite Department, and the rest of the Cabinet
will be selected from among the others who have been
named, in various places, for it.
’Honest John Davis, of Massachusetts, in a note
dated the 31st lilt., and addressed to Col. Schouler t
the 80-ito i Atltx, makes known his determination to de
cline a re-election as United Stales Senator, and to re
tire allege‘her front public life. Miy Davis has been
sustained for many years by the people of Massachu
setts, with an unfaltering devotion which h;is few paral
lels in the history of our public men ; and retires from
a long and useful public service, with the respect of the
whole country, and without a spot or blemish in his
character.
ZW’ On the 4tli inst. Stephen A. Douglas was no
niinated by acclamation by ihe Democratic caucus of
Illinois, for re-election as United States Senator; and
on the following day was elected by a very large ma
jority.
Z~?f~ The appearance of a long speech, violent and
abusive against the Administration, in the reports of
the proceedings of the House of Representatives, pur
porting to have been delivered in the House, by Mr.
Smart, of Maine; but, which in fact never was deliver
ed, has led to the adoption of a Resolution which in
hibits the official reporters of the House from publish
ing, except by leave any remarks of its members, not
made upon its floor. The conventional abuse, at which
the Resolution is aimed, is thus exposed in the re
ntal ks of Mr. Ewing :
“The fict of a man publishing a speech as be
ing made on this floor when it was not, is certainly an
abuse, because it is fraud and -falsehood. He did not
wish to be understood as censuring the gentleman from
Maine, because he com formed to the custom of the
House. But it was a conventional untruth. It should
have been stated under what circumstances the speech
was printed. To take a common sense view ofthe sub
ject, it was not to enlighten the public; the object was
simply [A voice: “Buncombe,”] That’s it; there
is a whole volume in that word. It is, he said, unjust
and unfair. Our friends from the North have no trou
ble to write; they love to write and keep their rooms,
not going to the Departments to attend to post office
matter and claims for their constituents. It is unequal
and unfair to write an hour’s speech. I have seen a
seven hours’ speech published, which it was pretended
was delivered under the one hour rule. An hour was
long enough to speak, and too long for anybody to
write a speech. [Laughter.] It is unfair for those
who love to write to send Buncombe speeches home.—
They cannot apeak because they do not speak. [Re
newed laughter.] It is unfair and unjust in every sense
of the word, in a party and individual sense. If our
constituents knew it they would complain; but, poor
fellows, they don’t know it. I hope, however, that af
ter this discussion they will be made aware of it.—
[Laughter.”]
We publish below a synopsis of the remarks of
Mr. Stephens in the House on theGiil insf., on the sub
ject of Cuba. The position of our distinguished Rep
resentative on this interesting question, has been mis
represented by the report of his remarks in several of
the Northern papers. Our readers will remark how
completely Mr. Stephens coincides with Mr. Everett
upon the question of Cuban annexation ; and how lie
lias anticipated in the position he has assumed, the po
sition of the Secie'ury of State, subsequently discover
ed in the transmission to the Senate of his correspon
dence with the representatives of France and England:
“ Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, believed that flibusticring
was now decidedly below par, and he did not exactly un
derstandjhe object of the gentleman from N. Carolina
in making the speech he had just delivered. He (Mr.
S.) was not in favor of taking Cuba, but he was not
going to declare that lie would not have Cuba under
any circumstances; that we did not want that island,
nor never would have it. Nor did he think it properto
say that he thought it best for Spain alwavs to keep
possession of Cuba. He was willing to declare, as he
<lid eighteen months ago, that lie had no desire now tor
the acquisition of Cuba; but six mouths hence events
might happen which would make it a great national
duty to obtain that island. He trusted such a day
would never come. He was tin - peace; but if war
should be forced upon us, we must be prepared for it.
“ The gentleman had said that the acquisition of Cuba
would be dangerous to the Union, and he bait spoken
of the fearful agitation through which the country had
lately passed, lie had also stated with wliut reluctance
he swallowed the cup which North Carolina compelled
him to put to his lips—'he compromise. He would say
to the gentleman that if he would look to the princi
ples of the compromise, he would not see these dangers
from the acquisition of Cuba; for the great, principle
of those measures was that territories should come
into the Union with such institutions as they themselves
choose to adopt. Let this Christian principle, this re
publican principle, extend with our liag and with our
domain, and we would have an ocean-bound republic.”
From the lioet’ Her.
The Pierce Platform Article.
It is said that the article which recently appeared in
the C ncord Patriot, enhauemg [indicating? | the poli
cy to be pursued, and the plat iorm on which Gcu Pierce
will stand for the next four years, was offered to Col.
Greene, of the Po t, but ibr reasons that the quidnuncs
have not been able to divine, it was refused. It was
from the pen of Hunter, and is all gospel.
From the Xew H.,m >•’ Patriot, J.n. 4.
We certainly have reason to feel highly honored, not
only on account of live very great attention and approba
tion which the article in question has received, bin by the
fact that the authorship of it is attributed to such an able
and accomplished statesman as Senator Hunter. Hut as
he may not be willing to father our bantling, we beg
leave to assure the whole world and the rest ut mankind,
that the article upon “Gen. Pierce’s Cabinet” was writ
ten, wholly and entirely, by the senior proprietor of the
Patriot, without the aid or dictation of any one—that it
never left our sanctum until it was put in the type-setter's
hands—that neither Col. Greene .nor Senator Hunter
knew anything of the article until it was published in the
Patriot. Gen Pierce was in Hostou when it was written
and when it was published, and did not know of its ex
istence until he read it in the (wiper. Whether the art icle
iu question expresses his views or not, we leave every
one to judge from such information as he can obtain ;
we have nothing to say on that point except that iu fre
quent interviews with him since, he has not expressed
disapproval ofit.
J-j?/” A Paris letter mentions the curious fact that the
new postage stamps, with the head ot the President,
and the words “ Kenubliquc Francaisc,” appeared on
the very duy when the people voted ou the Empire.
On Sunday evening we attended a meeting of
the Ladies’ Tract Society of this city, at the Methodist
Church, at which an interesting report was read, de
tailing the operations of the Society for the year which
has just ended, and several interesting addresses de.
livered by gentlemen of our city, in advocacy of the
Society, and of the importance of its objects. No man
who is a good citizen, and a good patriot, can fail to
feel some interest in the success and prosperity of the
Society in the distribution of tracts. But it has seemed
to us that its field of operations was too large, and that
it would accomplish more good, if its agents and distri
butors would confine themselves to ti epo r. Those
who have money have the sanctu. ry, the Bible and w 1
stored libraries of religious reading. T <tj cannot at -
preciate the simple and insignificant Tract; but to the
poor—to the unlearned, it is often an intellectual treat,
and a happy relief from the monotony of a life of labor
and of care. It is hardly seemly in us, however, to
suggest anything in reference to a subject so far above
and beyond the circle of our da:lv thoughts, particu
lar! v to females, who have such an intuitive perception
of what is right and proper, in their gentle ministries
of kind offices to men.
In this connexion, we would earnestly urge our city
readcis to attend the lecture of Prof. I. N. Loomis, tb.s
evening, a* Concert Hall. The proceeds of this lecture,
as well as of that which was delivered last evening,
will be given to the Charitable Association of this city,
to relieve the wants of the poor. Whilst the Tract
Society furnishes intellectual food to the poor, the
Charitable Association is engaged in the perhaps more
important work of supplying their temporal wants; for
the vulgar wonts of food, clothing and shelter, engross
the time and care and thoughts of the poor, and should
be fitst relieved. The subjects of this Evening’s Lec
ture will be Pneumatics, Meteorology and Electricity,
illustrated by beautiful aud instructive ex; e imeuts.—
The reputation of the lecturer, and the cause which
these lectures are designed to promote, should secure
them the liberal patronage of our citizens.
The Manufacturers’ Bank of Macon.
In our publication of the statement of the operations
of this institution to the 11th iust, in our issue of last
week, there were several emirs, and we have thought i !
proper, therefore, to re-publish it to-day. This Bank
had just commenced its operations when the Procla
mation of the Governor called for a statement of its
condition, and the report of its officers consequently
exhibits a beggarly account of circulation, business or
profits; but we believe that under its present manage
ment, time only will be necessary to give it a profitable
business, and establish it in the confidence of the public.
The Tennesseeans.
This corps of Singers, composed of Mr. and Mrs.
Poore, of Boston, and the Messrs Jackson, of Virginia,
gave two Vocal Concerts in our city during the last
week, which delighted all who had the pleasure of at
tending them. Their singing, without any pretension
to artistic skill, is good; and their selection of pieces
admirable. It was really refreshing to listen to their
simple and familiar songs, after the surfeit we have had
of negro minstrelsy aud burlesque opera, and we snail
view it as an evidence of decided improvement in the
musical taste of the public, when the style of singing
of the Tennesseeans becomes more popular.
Tlie Fakir of Siva, whose coining has been an
nounced for several weeks, will give bis first Entertain
ment to-morrow evening tit Concert Hall, See adver
tisement.
One hundred and ten students have left the S.
Carolina College, because the Board of Trust, at its last
meeting in December, refused to respect a petition
which they had signed for the abolition of the Steward s
Hall. Tlie “boys ” have done right, though they have
seriously injured their State University, which has
now only twenty-five students.
Osage Orange Seed.
We would direct the attention of our readers to Ihe
advertisement of Messrs. Payne <fc Nisbet. The Osage
Orange is now extensively used for hedges in many
parts of this country, and has proved to be more dura
ble and valuable in every respect, than any heretofore
tried. Its growth is rapid, and when properly pruned,
occupies less space than the Cherokee rose, which is
now mostly used.
While on this subject, we would remark that the
white Mycrophilla Rose, is, in every respect, equal to
the Cherokee for hedging, being of rapid growth, thorny,
compact, and more ornamental, as it is a perpetual
bloomer. Its flowers are large, double and fragrant;
and is one of the finest of all the white roses. As yet,
we believe it has only been tried on a small scale, Lu
has succeeded satisfactorily.
jygT’ We have been so much pleased with tlie follow
ing editorial from the Xatdnil Intelligencer, in which
its veteran Editor sends liis kind greetings to liis nu
merous readers upon the advent of the Nevj; \ ear, that
we have published it entire, in order readers
may enjoy the pleasure of its perusal. It is character
istic, full of homely wisdom, and in harmony with the
course which the liJWytncer has pursued since its
first establishment We have been often surpri ed,
when reflecting upon the circumstances under which
Mr. Gales’ family left England, that he should be always,
and upon all questions, so eminently conservative, and
that amid so many violent political excitements, through
which lie has passed, lie should always have conducted
his journal with so much consistency, honesty, and
impartiality, and that in liis opinions he should have
been so little influenced by the passions and prejudices
of the hour. May this illustrious “Old Fogy,”—this
veteran Erasmus of ihe American Press, long live to
give us an exemplar of editorial conduct, and witness
the return of many happy New Years:
Once more it is our welcome privilege to pre
sent to our readers the greetings usual at the season,
wishing them, all and each, a peaceful, prosperous, and
h ippy New Year!
Subjects of congratulation are not wanting. That we
live, while so many others are in the silent tomb; that
we live free, in a land of freemen; that the land sits in
peace beneath the shadow of the Constitution and the
icgis of the Laws; that faction has failed to frustrate
the one, or to factionize the other; that our country’s
mime is stili associated with principles of justice and
memories of glory ; that our true character, and those
features of our Government which have wrought the
miracle of our national prosperity, arc becoming better
and more widely known; that interchanges of kind
nesses and mutual benefits are fast linking us to the
hearts of our brethren abroad, and placing their respect
for us on its true basis, the mental and moral qualities
of our people. It is a subject of congratulation that
our freedom has the safeguard of religion, and that the
temples of God stand thickly amongst us, as the orna
ment at once and bulwarks of the land; that education
is not only extending its area and multiplying its bene
ficiaries, but is elevating its standard and enlarging the
reach of its attainments; that the arts, the useful not
only, hilt the ornamental, are making a steady and a
rapid advance throughout the country, and that we have
achieved in both, triumphs of which we may well be
proud. That the Supreme Judiciary of the Union
(however some of those subordinate to it may be threat
ened) still retains its independence, and stands the final
arbiter of strife and the sure lefugcof the distressed.—
That the life and health of our wise and patriotic Chief
Magistrate have thus far been preserved through his en
tire term of public service, and that lie will retire with
the admiration und the thanks of all good and right
minded men. It is matter of rejoicing that the bitter
ness of party feeling seems to be greatly assuaged
throughout, the entire community, and that, should our
President elect, as we hope he may, prove himself wor
thy of the signal honor he has received, we may yet en
joy long years of domestic quiet and a growing strength
and prosperity. Weave at peace with all the world:
God grunt that so we may long continue, and that we
may frown down with open and unqualified indignation
all selfish and nefarious attempts to embroil us with our
neighbors! And let all whose views on this great tu.d
vital subject are happily agreed, make that agreement
frit; that those who have so earnestly sought pretexts
for strife and confusion, feeding themselves to be in so
poqr and meagre a minority, may, fioin shame at least,
if no better motive, abandon projects which can only
end iu exposing them to the public contempt. Mean
while, let us all strive to be content and happy at uome.
Let every man have something to do, and do it w ith
his might. Let those who are blessed with a domestic
circle, or even (if there lie a loving being to adorn it
with a domestic hearth, learn to find there liis dearest
pleasures, his happiest hours. He who has a comforta
ble home, and spends his evenings there, will prove a
very unpropitious subject for the blandishments of a
demagogue, and but an tinfrequent and incredulous att
dilor of the windy swelling promises and prophecies es
a Filibuster. The wives, the voTHt.it--'. in this mini,
tire all von crack. Understanding the blessed an ot
appreciating present good, their good sense will not
easily be list away bv the dazzling prospect of an epau
lette ujKin the shoulder of their husbands, or the loose
habits of piratical soldiers as pledges of the fortunes ot
their sous. A’d, before we complete the glance at our
many blessings, let us rejoice that the etc.-growing
cilities of social intercourse among us are gradually
wearing away ancient and hragrooted, but most
groundless and most unjust prejudices, that have been
tbstered by ignorance ot each other; while, at the same
lime, the rapid settlement of the public domain by our
daughters and our sons is multiplying, conq heating,
and rendering forever indissoluble the ties which bind
us together by links of love us one united and happy
People.
v£. : ” A bachelor writes to us in a very excited state
protesting against the proposed School of Design fur
Women, lie urges that already nine out of ten men
ate victims to their designs, and if their natural in
stincts ate lobe so highly cultivated, uot a single man
w ill escape the bonds of matrimony.— LauPra.
Accident to Gsn. Tierce and la.i-.M-
Ad Wch to the Washington Bcputii- contain* tfi .
fo.lowing p irt ic-.lars of the accident :
mi , Bos ox, 6th.
Tl ” '-•* clock tram on the Boston aaJ u „
road was tnrown off the track to-1 lr ne ... \, , I>u •
The Cirs were tilled with ; nm,
were General Pierce and lo.lv, ands., ten - V,° 11
The 1 s was instantly k Ik-d ami sev<T
badly V. o mded. The down tra.n hsj. s , h e
six or e-ght wouuded. The car was ih-cwn ,i‘v ®
em rankm sit of iweutv foe t, turning u
a piico. r ck *. The car was smashed to atoms ’
Pierce wa> tue first, to extricate inuis-If- i„ . . n ‘~
cm he lin .tan ly to death. Mrs. pj,.- v [ w f*
though n a finally wounded. Gen. Ptfic* iV
limb -, but complains of some injury to his In y
Latest Foreign News.
The Steamer Asia bring: Liverpool dan* tol d!* D,-
cernber. 1 roni which we make the foiiowW
The Liverpool Cotton market closed ‘ wc 'f :
1-dh of I) re. The sales of the week were „ TI *
of which speculators took 6,6 0 bates, and exporter .
3>” bales. The following at e the quota!;<>;■ o,* **’
t air, 6>6 Idling. 5-16 ; Upland fair, .W
5 .-id. l'he market closing quiet. ‘
At Manchester trade was steady,
Bread ert'FFS. —All the Grain markets are ieab>> *:V
thy condition. At Liverpool, on Friday, tU> uruk t
was firm at a fraction* lower than the * price*, at im
week.
France. —The affairs of the French Empire
grossing quietly and satisfactorily. The Kuq e-m ‘s'd, -
parture fir Berlin is supposed to have reference vi the
settlement of the Zoll V erin question.
Tlie ambassadors of Austria, Russia and Pusy'.o. ; llu |
presented their credentials.
Prince Napoleon, son of the ex-king of Wes:;finiia
has been appointed Governor of Algeria, and is ah -uL
arranging his administral ion.
The French loss a: the siege of Laghor.it, in A'.m.ra
was very 8 .were.
England.— The latest ad vices state Lord Derby, im
mediately on the defeat of his ministry in the House had
gone to Osborne, to place his resignation iu the hands of
the Queen.
The future cabinet was already spoken of and it was
supposed that it would be made up of a coalition ofwhigs
Peelites, Moderates and Radicals. Lord Aberdeen is
spoken of to take the lead in the House of Lords and
Mr. GladsU me in the House of Conn nous.
The Cabinet Council wxs held at noon on Tuesday
all the Ministers being in attendance. After rising,
Lord Derby started by Express and steamer to the
Queen.
The following persons are spoken of as likely to form
the new Cabinet. Marquis of Landsdowne, Premier
Lord Aberdeen, Minister of Foreign Affairs; Lord John
Russell, Leader in the House of Commons; Mr. (dad
stone, Chancellor of the Exchequer; Mr. Osborne, Xe
cretary ol War; Lord Newcas.le, Lord Lieutenant of
Ireland, and Lord Herbert, Lord i.f the A hnirality.
Appointments by Gov. Cobb.—We learn from the Mil
ledgcville Reorder that Gov. (>Lb has appointed the
Hon. Edwin R. Brown, of Americus, Judge of tin’ Su
perior Court of the South-West era Circs:;, vice Hou
Win. Taylor, deceased.
An election of a Judge bv the people . f the Circuit
is ordered to take place on Mon i . the -Jsth day of
February next.
The Governor has also mad. he following appoint
ments, according to ihe Recorder, they being the same
as last year, except Mr. James Polk, of Madisou coun
ty, Inspector, who is in the place of CoL Fair, resigned.
Lewis Zachary, Principal Keeper of the Peuiteutia-
James S. G hoist on, Book Keeper of the Peniten
tiary.
James Polk, Inspector of the Penitentiary.
Dr. C. J. Paine, Physician of the Penitentiary.
Rev. F. Blake, Chaplain of the Penitentiary,
J. K„ Stick, Military Storekeeper, Savannah.
Benjamin Cook, Military Storekeeper, Milledgeville.
Board Visitors to Military hint tute.— Hon. John
W. Anderson, Col. N. G. Foster, Col. W. S. Rockwell,
Cupt. B. F. Ross, Dr. W. H. Felton, Col. John Mil
lcdge.
President Fillmore.— Tlie N. V. Journal cf tCm
meric states that an effort is making on the part ofthe
friends of Mr. Fillmore and of the American Coloni
zation Society, to constitute him a life director of the
same, by raising one thounnd doll im, to be appropria
ted to assisting emigrants to Liberia, while a suitable
tribute of respect is thus paid to the retiring President.
Mr. Fillmore is among the most decided friends of the
Society, and has manifested his interest in it by attend
ing the anniversaries. Rev. J. N. Danforth, of Ales
andria, has taken this enterprise iu charge, and has re
cen tal subscriptions from all the members of the Cabi
net, Heads of Bureaux, Officers of the Army aud Navy,
and many citizens. The subscription will be closed
immediately before the Society’s anniversary, January
1 Sill.
Com. Charles W. Morgan, who died at Wash
ington on Wednesday, where he had latch a.wed
command of the Navy Yard, succeeding Commodore j
Ballard, ml the tenth captain on the navy list. Hi I
age could not have been far from sixty years. Captain I
Morgan is represented as having been the verv will of I
uprightness and honor, t.nd was an ornament to the |
navy. His services since the war with England hare b
been on the peace establishment, in command of ruti: I
stations at home, or of single vessels .Use... Helm’, m
for some years pas,, been in the command of the Mei- 3
terraneau squadron. In all of these positions he had fl
formed many strong friendships by the amenity and jg
cordiality of his character, and the accomplishments awl §
graces which ever signalized him as a gentleman and fj
officer. Copt. Morgan was twice married. His first ■
wife was Miss Reed, of South Carolina. The second I
he married abroad, we believe, and she survives him I
He died on the day following that on which the res- I
lotion was offered bv Mr. Hale, of New Hampshire, in I
the Senate of the United States, to enquire ium hs ■
conduct, in certain particulars, as Commodore of tie ■
Mediterranean squadron.
The Indians—Refusal to Emigrate.
Letters were received from Tampa, last Sunday fn®
the most reliable sources, stating that, at the Gratia
Council recently convoked by Bowlegs, to deliberate
upon the late Agreement at Washington, the Inoan*
decided, with great unanimity, that thev never nr® l
to, and never would emigrate from Florida.
It is fortunate that this determination is kh< tvr. t
fore the adjournment of the Legislature. Gyn. vM
is expected here this week. — Fat. Seniind, -!.'/< ■
Trie Cholera is Charleston. —The Charles os
Standard of the 4th inst., says; We have lud runi'fc
but not in tangible shape, of Cholera in oar city. ■
heard of several persons who were suppose! ,0
diet! of Cholera, but in every case, the sickness*
t raced to imprudence in eating, and ti e attending t
sicians, who spoke of their disease, :> -v Cbolcm, a ■
same time said that it was not -epidt tc. Ihit t.i.’
prudent indulgence has continued so long, in (he 1
the remonstrances of our physicians, that tnet - ■
been compelled to report to the Board of Heap ;i • -
tv-two cases of Cholera for the lust week, neat’ -
sured that iu nearly every instance, the disease
l v traced to some indulgence in o sters, or other -
wholsome diet.
American and English News. —At the
ingof the association to promote he repeal of t- *
on knowledge, lately held in London, Mr. Cobde- “
complimentary to America and American news;* 3 :
He said :
The United Slates were point- ‘ . .uid p*°l]’-
see how low and vulgar and vi : ‘ jive file)
Now I see their papers, and 1 se hey mik • t
public men. I also see and re : ihe | .j
this country —more than i wish —and 1 “’tun
that the newspapers of the United States uo no *
in more vulgar and vituperative terms ot tues ; •
men than certain newspapers do of at least one ,
cian, who shall be nameiess. 1 yen’ure to s.v • ,
during the last fortnight, you will 1
aristocratic papers here -phpera that an
of flunkeydom—l mean tne Ileruldandthe y" 11 ” *
[hear] —more personal abuse of one publtc
this country lhau is to be found cast upon an>
man in the United States within the perwy- ,
Cheers.] * * We seek to give the working c ‘
that which tflie upper and middle classes, as u ,i ,
called, enjov—an interest in the periodical P**V‘..
country. [Cheers.] The upper and tlicmiuuie
in this'eountry should take warning from lia _
polled in a neighboring country. Have we no -
France the freedom ot the press abolished win
strokeof the pen, without any resistance benigo*
Do you think ibis could have been done in - Ulif ‘ a ‘r ( ..
The people of the United States would . s, ; t,n ‘ “, r .
their daily bread taken from them as their dan)
Wiiv was this? Because in America ever- 1 ,
and peasant was in the habit of having ana y,.
daily paper; whereas in France the privilege ‘■ j , x .
fined to a small fraction of the community, an
lieve that the great mass of the French ’ jj
not be able to read the newspapers; even if l “ e .’
get them. [Hear, hear.]
The Sardine Fhsaxuv.—A letter v.'i’ifcr fioi
tells the following murveHons fish story : , „
How many saidines do you suppose hare 1 : ■
ken this year upon the coast ot Brittan), .
died miles long. Five hundred and serei. .
lions. Half of them are to be preset re l “ (mi,
fresh, and half are to be put down ui “• ;1-<
died and sixty vessels, 101:11111x1 by fi ve , j 0 .It
hundred sailots and fishermen, “ lv tl, (y .-jpi.-
Had?. The preparation, nausport, and ‘ .y ~
employ ten thousand persons. Nine ‘b ol ]’
are occupied all winter in the making
lie’s. The fishing lasts two hui.dn.t -ire.. ■“
a net profit to ail concerned ot three n! -‘ ilirß i
The sardines disappear in November ’ ‘ul.
April. \Y here they go during flies? taut m y ,
thev go, or what they do w6ie gone, • ■ ii.d
dist-overed. The fishern say
ViduuU never couie twice— taat e '„ those tb
vul is compose dos fish much , j ‘ . ou ng. 1
last led, and that they appear to he a , ir eiua:ic
auv rate, they count implicitly 011 br *. ak auO
and no sardine was ever known yet to
gageuieut thus tacitly entered in>o *
Mississippi Sls. A T t^.’7 C “ ve ^‘^ U ut’v, 1 S •>
ted B. N. Kinvou, ot 1 ishemingo •, t ,
ator, to take his tUt on the 4ih of Match next