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JOURNAL & MESSENGER. JAMES T. JTISBET AND SIMRI ROSE, editors. To Spring. p> ti; O thou delicious Spring! Nursed in the lap of thin and subtle showers. Which fall from clouds that lift their snowy wng From odorous beds of light enfolded flower?, And from emmassed bowers. That over grassy walks their ereennes- fling; Come gentle Spring. Thou lover of young wind. That cometh from the invisible upper sea. Beneath the >kv which clouds its white loam, bind, And setting in the trees deliciouslv, Mak<>s vourg leaves dance with glee. Even ip the teeth of that old sober hind. Winter unkind. Come to us; for thon art Like the fine love of children, gentle Spring! Touching the sacred feeling of the bear. ; Or like a virgin’s pleasant welcoming; And thou dost ever bring A tide of gentle but resistless art Upon the heart. Alas! bright Spring, not long Shall I enjoy thy pleasant influence; For thou shaft die the summer heat among, Sublimed to vapor in his fire intense, And gone forever hence; Exist no more; no more to ear.h belong. Except in song. In Senate of the United States. SPECIAL SESSION. March 17 th, Mr. Everett expressed a desire to address ihe Senate on the subject of the resolutions calling on the Presi dent for information connected with tiro Clayton and Bulwer treaty, lie said it would be an accommodation to him if the Senate would pass the first resolution, ('calling for information relative to the state of things generallv in Central America.) It could be answered in a very abort lime, w hen he would deli\ cr his views. The first resolution was passed, and the farther consideration of the subject postponed until Monday next. Mr. Mason had suggested Saturday, in view of the probability that the Senate would adjourn *<’< die on that day. This Mr. Shields said was impossible. On motion of Mr. Houston, the vacancies in the committee on frauds and jieculations, (caused by the withdrawal from the Senate of Messrs. Underwood and Brooke. 1 were ordered to be filled. The Senate MuidcrcU und passed the resolution heretofore submitted to pay David L. V'alee mileage and per diem, while contesting the seat of Mr. Mul iorr. The Seuate, in pursuance of the order of yesterday, proceeded to the election of officers of the body, when Asburv Dickens was re-elected Secretary, having receiv ed 57 votes; B. B. French, 4 ; and Col. Hit-kie, l. Dunning R. McNair was elected Sergeant-at-arms in the place of Robert Beale, having received 24 rotes ; Robert Beale 5; Charles Jones 2; Issac Holland 1. Blank 4. Issac Holland, the incumbent, was rc-eected; having received 23 votes out of 41. The Senate, after an Executive session, adjourned until Mouday next. March 21. A message was received from Hat President of ihe United States, in answer to a resolution of ihe 17th in stant requesting copies of certain propositions to Nicara gu* and Costa I<ica relative to the settlement of the tei ritorial controversies between the States and CJovern ments bordering on the river San Juan, transmitting a report from the Secretary of State und the document* by which it was accompanied; which was refeirvd to the Committee on Foreign Relations. On motion bv Mr. Bayard, it was ordered that San tiago EL Arguiilo have leave to withdraw his petition ana papers. On motion by Mr. Sebastian, if was ordered that 1,000 extra copies of the report of the Superintendent of ludian Affairs in California be printed for Ihe use of the Senate. Mr. Walker submitted the following resolution: Betolt'd. That the Committee ou Indian Affairs lie and they are hereby authorised to delegate one of their number to proceed, during the recess of Congress, to take testimony iu the matter now on reli-renee to said committee touching Certain fraud* alleged to have been committed by Alexander Raiuaev and o’ h sin making part; ... ■ f moneys to"certain bands of the Sioux In dians; and that the member of said committee so dele gated have power to proceed to such {mints a< may be necessary, a.nl to send lor persons and papers, sweat witnesses, and take tlieir testimony, and certify the same with other proofs to said committee for their u port thereon at the next session of Congress. Mr Morton submitted the following: Be* 4it<l, That the Secretary of the Senate is hereby authorized and required to purch;:.-e for the use’ of the Senate 5*X) copiesot the wrk entitled “Naval Dry-dock* of the United State*,” and also 500 copies of the woi k entitled “Naval and Mail Steamers of the United States,” by the Engineer-in-Chief of the United State* Navy; provided the former does not exceed ten dollars and the Utter tire dollars per copy. Mr. Hamlin submitted the following: Bexolrtl, That the same extra compensation be allow ed to the Superiutendeut of Printing and the clei ks and messenger under him as is paid by the resolution of the Senate to the other clerks and messengers of a similar grade. On motion by Mr. Mason, the prior business was postponed, and the Senate proceeded to consider the re solution submitted by Mr. Clayton aud adopted ihe 17th instant, respecting certain propositions relative to the settlement of the territorial controversies between the States and Governments. “ San .ruan; when Mr. Everett rose and addressed the Senate at great length, and was listened to with almost breathless at tention from the commencement to the close of bis re marks. He drew a picture of what this country would become in twenty-five years from now t if left to pursue the present peaceful tenor ot her way by the natural increase of her own population, by the vast influx of European immigration, combined with all her o'her elements of national prosperit y—a position far more elevated and of greater strengih than could be obtained by all the conquests we could make or territory we might acquire. He (Air. K. i would not live to nee it, but the young Senator front Illinois (Mr. Douglas might do so, and have showered upon him all the hon ors a great and prosperous people had to bestow. lie paid a high compliment to the President of the United States for the sagacity manifested in his diplomatic ap pointments to Switzerland and Peru, which he thought might be regarded as an earnest of liis future course in such important matters, and of the conduct of hi* Se natorial friends who had so promptly confirmed his choice. Mr. Douglas made a brief rejoinder, chiefly to hare his position between the two distinguished Senators from Massachusetts and Delaware Messrs. Kvereit and Clayton i properly understood, endorsing 1 at the same all “that Mr. Everett had said in relation to the pacific policy of this country, and declaring that if there was any one feeling dearer to his heart tnan another it was the preservation of peace on an honorable basis. Mr. Mason suggested that perhaps it would be better that the resolution should t>e laid cn the table, as the information called for would have to be enlarged, and the subject could be belter discussed at the nest ses sion. The suggestion was acquiesced iu, and the resolution laid on the table accordingly. On motion of Mr. Mason, the Senate then proceeded to the consideration of Executive business; and, after u brief spent therein, the doors were opened, And the Senate adjourned. March ??, 1 858. Two communications were laid before the Senate from the department of the Interior; one relative to certain disbursements of money by Governor Ramsey to the Sioux Indians, and the other Containing certain papers relative to the Mexican boundary commission. On motion of Mr. Weller, the select committee on the subject of the Mexican Boundary Commission were allowed until the next session to make their report. After further business of no public importance, the Senate went iuto Executive session. When the doors were opened, Mr. Borland made a report from the select committee on the subject of frauds in the extension of the Capitol. It was ordered to be printed And the Senate adjourned. Makcii 2?. The Senate resumed the consideration of the resolu tion offered by Mr. Hamlin: Hemic, and, That the same extra compensation be al lowed to the superintendent of printing, and the clerks and messenger under him, as is paid by the resolution of the Senate, to the other clerks and messengers of a similar grade. This, after debate, was passed with the proviso, that hereafter no allowance of any kind, beyond the regulai compensation, shail be made to any officer of the Senate. Mr. Shields called up his resolution, that the Secre tary of the Senate pay to Robert Beale, late sergeant at arms, the salary for the residue of the present year. On motion of Mr. Mason, it was laid upon the tabic - ayes IT, not - 16. The Senate went into executive session; and after some time spout therein, the doors were opened and an , adjournment succeeded. Washington March 24. The Senate considered the resolution of Mr. Walker, authorising the committee ou Indian aifaiis to delegate one of their number to proceed, during the recess of Congress, to take testimony iu the matter now on re ference to said committee, touching certain frauds alle- 1 ged to have been committed by Alexander Ramsay, and others, in making payment of moneys to certain bands of the Sioux Indians. Mr. Hunter objected to the resolution, because he was opposed to a single member of the committee exercisiug auch important powers. Beside, he thought it would be setting a dangerous precedent. Mr. W alker said that the committee could proceed no farther in their investigation without the testimony al taded to, and spoke foe importance of quieting the Indians on the frontiers. Ana he stated in reply to a yeat*oo by Mr. Seward, that the .charge against Gov. Ramsay is, that, through a third parson, he disbursed money in depreciated funds among tlw Indians, and withheld monev from certain halt-breeds. 1 Messrs, P redhead and Seward said tbev were inti mately acquainted with Governor Kamsar. who bore a good character for integrity, and they and’ others press fOd the importance of promptly examining into the ‘•narge?. 1 Pending the consideration o subject, the Senate went intc an executive session,’ jrped til! to morrow. Georgia a model State. She has 86-' 1 mfic* of railroad in operation. Her credit is of the highest oroer, her six per cent, bonds selling at the highest premium, and she now gives notice of her readiness to pay toe interest on her bonds for fhc next six months ! * advance Oincinnati Railroad The Rapture between Turkey and Aus ia. The intelligence which arrived yesterday from Co:.’ stantinople affords abundant confirmation of the appro* aensious which, for some weeks past, have been etriei* tained with regard to the Eastern question. From the rapid concentration of Austrian troops on the Turkish frontier, it was obvious that the imperial government tad determined to adopt a vigorous line of action in his matter. When military detnoiistrations arc made to support the courteous requisitions of diplomacy, it is but reasonable to infer that the power which has re course to such an expedient is prepared to hazard an mmediate rupture, or in case of need, try the chances of war. From the first outbreak of the disturbances tn he northwestern provinces of Turkey, Austria has dis mayed a remarkable sympathy with ihe oppressed suk ects of the Porte. For once, we have sec t her take the iberal side in political aid religious questions. The imperial ministry protested against the per .eculinn of the Christian inhabitants of 1 uikey, anti .pjiarently acted noon those cosmopolitan principles vhieh are usually denounced by the respectable g>v- Tuments of the continent sis the most dangerous cl eresies. We arc .-vccustonicd to Austrian intervention n behalf of arbitrary and uiifortun fe pi nee*, and a -imilar influence has often been exerted in favor of the ibedient hierarchy of the Homan Church, but this is he first occasion on which the imperi J government In-.S bestirred itself to pro’cct oppressed iiat ion all lies, or to indicate the liberty of conscience, fins is a proof ol irogress which could scarcely have been looked for.— t may be grossly inconsistent, but ;t is, at all events, a narked advance upon the previous { obey cl the cm >irc. We can only regret that this devotion to liberal irinciples is, uufiriunarely. far from being disinicret ed. The assumed protection of the Christian races in Turkev is but one {nirt of a system of policy iti which little attention is paid to ihe objects of its ostensible vgard. It is to be feared that the piopr.gandism of Vustri i is neither political nor religious, but merely erritoiisl; for the preparations which she has made •ertainlv justify the iodief that something more is in ended than ihe protection of her own IrotiTicr, and the vdvocacv of th:> interests of the Christian subjects of tlie oil tan fund this suspicion is strengthened by the latest coounts from Constantinople. The sudden suspension U friendly relations between Austria and the I’orte can carcelv be aiiribii'ed to the novel zeal of the imperial uinisters on liehalf of toleration ; and iheir anteccnlents •earcelv entitle them to claim credit for a dis-ntcrested iess unconnected with all political objects. If the latest accounts may bo credited, certain de mands have been made by the Austrian government, to which the ministers of the Porte have found it im- TKkssiblc to Hcc-de. It was not wi*h exclusive n-forence o the inhabitants of Montenegro that those requisitions acre pressed upon the Porte. \\ hile claiming the pro ec'orate of the Christ bus in Tiukav. A***";. nv—-- hi-wt.-r privileges being accorded to her subjects iti the dominions cf the Sultan. Nor was this •11. The imperial government demanded territorial i concessions which it was inqxissible for Turkey to con sent to. In a word, the war in Montenegro lias evi dently been made an occasion for urging demands vhieh the Court of Vienna had long meditated. The .gents of the imperial government, instead of confining hemselvcs to the question immedia:el > before them, pn - | .cede! ;o reflect upon ihe conduct of Turkey with refin ance to the Hungarian refugees; and they chose to treat he protection afforded by the Porte to politicul exiles as an international grievance. Moreover, Austria has re quired from the Sultan the renunciation ofdisiiupt terri oriul rights on the Adriatic coast. The imperial govern ment lias asked for the cession of harbors which belong o Turkey, and tint, so far as we can learn, without proposing any equivalent whatever. The abandon ment cf those positions would be a serious loss to the Porte, because it would seriously endanger the commu nications between the government and its most remote provinces. We cannot be surprised ihat the Austrian dtimatum lias been rejected by the Divan. ; It is said tiiat the imperial plenipotentiary, after I.liming in vain the protectorate of the Christian sub ects ot the Porto, the recognition of the independence of Montenegro, and liberty for Austrian subjects to trade in the Ottoman dominions, has demanded his passports and left Constantino; le; and this report is borne out bv he previous proceeding of ihe Emperor’s ministers. :! i is notorious that ever since ihe Hungarian it s irrec ’ inn, there lias been but little friendship between Con | unminopie and Vienna; and it is not surf-rising that ! he domestic difficulties of Tin key have been sieved as ’ ::i occasion for a display of Austrian animosity. From . he day when Kossuth and his colleagues found safety | utider the protectiou of tiie Crescent, the absolutist gov : -mates** nave evinced a marked hostility towards Tur ; key ; and both A (stria and Russia have used ihe late ! listurhances in the Sultan’s domiirous to seize mlvan i Mges at rbe expcn*.- of their neighbors -to extend their i Urritories and political influence. ; The present state of the Eastern question is sufli- j •ciently menucing. Wo know that both Austria and | ; !{ns*ia ii:*:sf on unreasonable concessions on the pnrtof • Turkey, and we also know tlixt each of those govem- I incuts maintains a powerful army oil the frontiers of i ilie* country, which they hope to weaken or to appropri ate. But, in spite if these demonstrations, wc arc nn : willing to believe shat Ihe crisis will lead to dangerous j consequences. The great powers will not permit Austria !to set lie the Turkish difficulty. Her military detnon [st rat ions may evince her cupidity, but they will not be of any real weight in determining the question, how ever dangerous they may apt ear to the ministers of the Sultan. Under tlic existing balance of power and ter ritory, it must he an object of the first importance with Europe generally to maintain the integrity of the Otto man empire; and the best mode of carrying out that policy is to use every effort for the amelioration of the condition of the Cbrisliau subjects of Turkey. If that object be zealously prosecuted by the combined agency of the European powers, nothing more wilt be heard of the protectorates which the Roman Catholic States claim to exercise. It is certainly not the interest of j Austria to quarrel with her neighbors, whilst the entire j continent is concerned in maintaining the integrity of : Turkey, so long as this can be accomplished without re- | aiding the progress of the uations subjected to the i Santa Anna. I Among the numberless wonderful celebrities <hat our - sister republic has given birth to in hor brief but stir ; ring history—heroes of a single skirmish, statesmen of l a small diplomacy, immortals whose eternity of fame has reached its occnltatioi ..i from nine days to a year —there h is been no one so prominent, so able, or so fortunate, as the one-legged hero of San Jacinto — that marvel of military science who, in his later conflict at Ccrru Gordo, stuck to and strengthened the old inax i.n— “He who fights and runs away May live to fight another day.*’ There may exist much latitude of opinion with re gard to the bravery, the skill, the statesmanship, and ; patriotism of Santa Anna. It may he doubted whether he loves Mexico, an-i it may be doubted whether Mexi eo loves him. Os one thing, however, there can he no doubt, and that is that the tife he has led from the time he first embarked in a revolution against Iturbide to this present lias been remarkably eventful and full of j incident. He has seen all social positions, from the lowest to I the highest; ail political positions, from insignificance ;to practical imperially; all military positions, from a | out soldier to the commander-in-chief. He has climbed : to the top-uiost heights only to be knocked off and driv jen out the country, lie be* returned and taken up bis ioiJ rank as if it bad been resigned by bis own volition, tie has made revolutions and crushed revolutions. He i has banished and been banished. In his person two [great extremes of fortune have met and struggled. As [ yet it is undecided which will come off victorious; it is |uncertain whether Santa Anna will die at Lome or in exile, on the throne or on the scaffold. We said that his life has been eventful, and r-o it has. ; There are probably few men living whose histories will exit bit ti web of so strikingly varied and contrasted ! colors, who have been so high and so low as the ex - | President. Starting in life with a name wholly obscure j and unknown, he has rendered it familiar in all corners ‘of the world. Cqnuneucing as a royalist, he has been I a republican, a federalist, and a centralist, a democrat and an aristocrat, as the emergencies of the moment seemed to require. In 1321 he assisted in expelling the , royalists from Vera Craz, and obtained the command tit the city under Iturbide. In 1822 he was deposed, and began war against bis late superior, and succeeded ;in overthrowing him. Foiled in his personal aims by ’the final results of this movement, he retired, but only ’ o foment another. In IS2S he supported Guerrero against l’edrazza, and was made commander of the may. In 1830 he went over to the side of Pedntzza, fought and conquered his former friends, and intrigued ■ .’or the presidency. In IKH3 he obtained the office he ought, and was recognised as President. Thus tar tis life bail been successful—his objects gained- bis Mtds secured. The changes he made invariably re bounded to bis benefit. The battles lie fought were al ways won. The party he favored were sure of success. •is political tergiversations were inexcusable, but they cere gilded by victory. His treacheries w ere startling, nit few cared to talk about them. He was the favorite if the army, and the army was sovereign. In 1 885 the eform party, under the leadership of laicateios, pro ■laimed against him, and lour province* joined the in -urrection. I.acateeos was conquered, the reform party •unibilated by death or exile, and Santa Anna became lictalor. Ills star was still in the ascendant, but it oou waned. The adhesion he gave in to the central ■ (Mirty, and the subsequent abrogation of the libeial c>r >titution of 1824, induced the American colonists iu Texas to proclaim their independence. Os the results of that movement we need not speak, j The success which had itiberto invariably attended the military movements of Santa Anna failed hint in the efforts lie made tor their subjugation. At San Ju ciuto he was conquered and captured. Out of the gloom of defeat and captivity • marvelous ly preserved from a death he richly merited—this poli tical changeling emerged only to recover the supremo jcy he bad lost and increase the fame he had won. The ! mutilation he suffered at Vera Cruz redounded to his ; good, and has ever since remained the incontestable j and incontrovertible evidence of a patriotism that never i existed, and a bravery that was without being. In 13-il j slier a series of incidents that would be deemed impro j bable in Perce Forest, or the Romance of the Cid, he ! again reached the presidency and ruled imperially for [fouryears The revolution of Paredes hurried him j bom power, and the administration of Herrera mode I him a fugitive. The American war recalled him to rank ami importance. Its close drove him once more j into exile. Another revolution has paved the way for another recall, and Santa Anna may to-morrow sit su preme over the fortunes of Mexico. Indeed, all the indications tend to give assurance of his speedy recall. From Chihuahua to Yucatan, the sun slimes only on the “broken and dishonored fragments of a union; on States dissevered, discordant, belligerent; on a land rent with civil feuds” and distracted with diverse couu ‘sels. The demands of Guadalajara for diminished taxa tion and a removal of prohibitions has been made by State after State, city aIW city, regiment after regiment. Geu Uraga, the acknowledged leader and bead of the revolution, is a strong friend of Santa Anna’s; and Wool, who commands Vera Ctuz, is hi* known confi dant But berond all these things, his return is ren dered probable by the conviction of the Mexicans themselves, that he is the ouly man whose hand can ! edi*c* order from out auch a chaos, cud restore pob'L t mquillity. T .ot he is loved we do not prefon .to say. Indeed he is feared; but the choice of two evils v, ill reseat him iu the Haii of the Montezuma*. Upon the whole, we rejoice at i;._ Sa ta Anna is a man possessed ot some positive traits aud - He may be a liay a r .seal, a gambler, an a suss i s -of may be whatever tns enemies proclaim hmi to be— an>. wi'are inclined to think that they are not tar from tfie truth. But he allows no one elso to rob—he spring-up all other murderers and assassins. He rule.* bv m raois hat are reprehensible, for ends that are seinsir, tnrongu tools that are dyed in rascality ; but be maintains ago- - trmnent, makes wars and treaties, quel is revolts, una gives to the nation a nationality she has never P”f se “'“' u under other rulers. Our own interests in the leliuan tepec and other questions compel us to look tvi h taioi upon the return of Santa Anna, however i> may be achieved. , Whatever may be hi* future, ami woo dare pro) nc.-y is eou se, ihe iu- h , been to him t n vdecl wito me - .’cut and fraught w.th adventara: tc- l iy on tue throne, to-morrow in exile; now lighting armies,, and mm t!' r n - ing cbickencooks; plunged into obscurity and raised into prominence; the tuier of millions —the master o hardfv a dozen dependents. In all these mimbcr.css vicissitudes and change* of fortune, lie h is so conducted himself that it can hardly be determined wnether he is r ossessed of the real elements of greatness crotily aided and helped onward by the force of circumstances. —A. O. I Trade of the Amazon and La Plata Rixeis. The Union furnishes the following interesting mat iou in relation to recent events that will throw open to the commerce of our country an immense and fertile rcrion of South America: . . The last arrival from South America brings us the gratifying intelligence that Bei.zc, tiie enligh.encd J i>- si.ient of Bolivia, by decree of January 27th, 187V3, has thrown open till the Bolivian tributaries of the Amazon aud 1 a I'la ti that are navigabi , o the commerce ot the world, and offered a reward ot ten thousand dollars to the master of the lirst steamer that shall roach any one of these tributaries, cither by the La Plata or the Ama zon. Lieut. Gibbon, who tvas sent out about two years ago with Lieut. Hxrxoo.v, United States Navy, to ex plore the Amazon from its sources to its mouth, has just arrived. We have had the pleasure of conversing with him upon the subject of this most interesting ex pedition. lie passed through the Bolivian pi ounces which arc thus thrown open to the commerce of *dt na tions, and describes that whole region ns one of the most beautiful, productive, and finest countries on the fuceofthoeur.il. Ia his opinion there are now mate rials enough there to give rise to n commerce of several millions of dollars a year, aud that a ctun(•• ,r.itie would spring up the moment n tree transit is se cured for it up aud down ihe Amazon, through the ter ritories of Brazil. Considering the large space which that region of couutrv lias of late been made to occupy ia the public mind hi this hemisphere, by the publica tion of the “ Inca” and other papers with regard to it, by the recent exploration of it by officers of the Atuer.- c n navy, we regard this action of the Bolivian Cov er m lit as a subject of ; üblie congratulation. F oin ibis decree, we think, will commence anew era for the Spanish Republics of South Amcricr. The revolution which the free navigation of the Ama u n and is t ilu arics, and of the La Plat, aid is ri ju taries, is to make iu the commerce of those Republics, will be greater than that which the commerce of Eu rope underwent in consequence of the passage cf Vasco de Gama around the Cape of Good Hone. Lieut. Gibbon lias, he informs us, a list of ten thous and abandoned silver mines in that country, many of them upon this water-shed. The silver ore has been taken from the veins until the miners reached the wa ter, and then, for the want of ihe means of drainage, most of these mines have been abandoned. The machinery heretofore used in the drainage of those mines was only such, our readers should be.u in mind, as could be transported upon the backs of mules from the sea shore across the Andes. With ihe Ama zon open, it may be taken by water almost to the very spot where it is wanting, and of course, then, with the ability to procure larger machinery, this decree may be expected to give anew impulse to ihe working of the silver mines of IV.osi and clsewhcie. Public Lands iu California. Congress provided at its recent session for the survey of the public lands in California, aud established the office of Surveyor General that of State, Ihe incum bent oi* which, to be appointed by the President and Senate, is to receive a salary of si,T.<n> per annum. An allowance was made for office rent and incidental ex penses, not lo exceed *lt\<H.o;and for clerk hire, 11,00 ft. The Surveyor General is required to cause surveys to lie made by competent surveyor*, according to siu-li bie and me. iiiiui hues as may le prescribed, of )b ----public land, ami of such private claims that have been enufirmed, as are necessary to complete tiie sur veys of the public lauds. The maximum ofconipen.su tion to the deputy surveyor tin- surveying the base and meridian lines, aud private claims, and me indering navigable waters, is sixteen dollars per mile; and for other lines, twelve dollars per mile. But the Commis sioner of the General Land Office is euq owered t > stil>- stitute a pee diem compensation in case the surveys arc so required to be made as to rend, r. hat course expe dient. The Secretary of the Interior is authorized in his discretion to adopt the geodetic method in the sur veys; also to direct a deviation from the prevailing rectangular mode, if demanded by the public interests, with reference to the existence of mountains, mineral deposits, and the advantages derived from timber aud water privileges. The President of the United States may estiiblfoh one or more land offices—not exceeding three, embra cing respectively the upper, middle and lower portions of me State; and, with the Senate, appoint registers and receivers, with salaries of #3OOO. The pre-emption laws of 1341, are extended over the whole of Calfornin, excepting lands legally reserved, claimed under foreign grant or tnlr ; and shall h ive made improvement* previous to the id of March, 1 *74. Sections 16 and 86 in each township are granted to the State for public school purposes ; and no settlement entitling to pre-emptive right can he made within a mile of a military post, or on lands in posses sion of the Indians. Towns and villages on public lauds are also protected, uud the provisions of the Act ol May 23d, 1844, arc extended over them. Two entire townships (46,030 acres) are granted to California for the use of a seminary of learning—the lands to be selected by the Governor of the Suite, in legal sub-division* of not less than 160 acres each, from any unoccupied j.ublie lands subject to settlement in the State; and the Legislature may dispose of them at its discretion. Ten sections, or 6,400 acres, to be selected in the same way. are also granted to the State to aid in the •rection of its public buildings.—.U I r . Journal <f Cos:, - titerce. Australia- Its Gold aud Society* It was by no means singular, even ten or twenty years ago, that a British subject, on first beholding the shores of Australia, should foci perfectly transported; yet it must be confessed that recent discoveries have converted the immigrant’s emotions into more substan tial joy than when he travelled at hiscountrv’s expense to a penal colony instead of to a modern Ojdiir. The accounts of the yield of gold at the \ ietoria fields are almost fabulous; yet careful tables are now begin ning to show the statistics with so much accuracy, that our doubts are dispelled as to the amazing opulence of a region which is probably inexhaustible. The follow ing statement, compiled from reliable data, will afford u i'air estimate of the aggregate product to the present time: Amount actually shipped, 1,240,000 ounces. ** deposited in treasury and banks 510,377 “ “ paid into the Adelaide assay office .’ 26-1,317 “ “ estimated exported by indi viduals 337,200 “ “ estimated in privaie hands at Melbourne and Gcellong 100,000 “ “ estimated in hands of digget s at gold fields, Ac 280,000 “ Total up to Ist September, 18.72.... 2,532,422 “ The yeffd in August and July, 1352, was about 37u,000 ounces for each month ; and taking that yield monthly lor the last six months, we shall have 2,100,000 “ Total to Ist March, 18.‘3 4,632,422 “ This aggregate, at sl6 per ounce, gives tut entire yield of $, 4,118,7*25. The English writers seem to place great confidence in the statements made in the Melbourne Argus—a colonial gazette —and from this authority it appears that a broad belt of auriferous hind extends across the continent of At oral it, from tin Victoria gold fields to those of Bathurst and its vicinity, and thence to the bunks of the Hunter and the back of Morcton bay. This tract is several hundred miles in length and of unknown breadth. Nor arc the old diggings considered exhaust ed. The imperfect manner in which they were worked by greedy ad venturers has probably only skimmed the cream from the surface, ana left a residuum which will repay industrious gleaners. Vet while gold is plentiful, report gives no flattering picture ol society. Ruffianism and crime are quite as common a< iu the early days of California, before Judge L.\ licit reformed the manners and moral* of the mob. In ihe first week of last September 4,283 immigrants reached the colony, and all hough the labor market was said to be will supplied, the demand was still equal to the arrival. Still, the rales of wages do not seem ex or bitant, though provisions were high. Men flocked to the country by thousands, but the fair sex kept aloof, and the cousenueucc was that the few females who dar ingly vent urea in* o the realm of Midas were speedily raised u> ihe honors of maironbood, and installed with all the splendor of a miner’s wedding, in a cabin “iu the bush.” “Young Irish orphan girl*,” says the nar rative, “who scarcely knew the luxury of a shoe until they put their bare tect on the soil of Victoria, lavish money on white satin, at teu or twelve shillings a yard, for their bridal dresses, and flaunt oat of the simps, slamming the door, because the unlucky dealer does not keep the real shawls, at teu guineas a pair.” But who should be surprised when gold h.is literally been “pick c l tip in the streets of Melbourne itself IS Hit:,ore A ter,cm. Misclacld Sv.'ljvvthv.—-The Boston Traveller states that the watchmeu called up a city physician a few nights since to set the shattered leg of a drunken man they had picked up in the street. At u first glance the limb was seen to be shattered to pieces, and as the man moved, the broken fragments grated together, which made soma of the watchman so nervous that they had to go out of the room to keen from fainting. Upon stripping off the clothes, however, the broken log was found to be a wooden one! Smitbers, on going home the other night, wa s run against by a three story brick house which was cha sing a lamp,-post up the street On corning to, be thu: rea soned with himself: “Is that mud, (hiccup) or is it brains (hiccup)? If it’s mud, I’nt mortally ’toxicatctf, If it’* brains, I’n: dead, (hiccup) that's nP.’’ MACON, GEORGIA : WEDNESDAY, MARCH 30, 1853 A Crash. A singular incident occurred in our city yesterday, about 11 o’clock, A. M. It had been noticed for several davs past, that the South-east end wall of the Floyd House had bvhe-d near the ground, r.ud on Friday morn. i ig last, a portion of 0, about ten feet in height and width, fell in o the alley ou which it is located. No sc ri.i-ts apprehensions were entertained for the safety ry the building, and the wall was being re-built. Vester, day morning, however, the danger becoming evident, (he occupants of the rooms tu ihat end of the building had retired from them, and the workmen from their la bor on the wall. A considerable number of people were present watching the result, when the entire end with about twenty feet of the front and back walls, and roof, tumbled to the ground. No personal in jury mi* sustained by tiny one. A valuable stock of Groceries, in the lower story, owned by T. Dempsey, is under the ruins. Eight rooms, in the second and third stories, with valuable furniture, ( generally belonging to the occupants,) ore destroyed. I The accident is probably owing to the long continued ! rains, and the nature of the soil, (formerly a pond) on which this end of the building was located. I( has been creeled about twenty-five years. M iDAMK Emma G. Host wick, a lady who has acquired much celebrity as a singer, in a recent tour from New York, through the principal cities of the West and South-West, will give one Musical Enter tainment in this city, to-morrow evening, at Concert Hall. Mrs. Bostwick is not known in our community ; her name is not us familiar as those of many of the great canMrkc* from Europe, who have for a long while monopolized the profit and the fame of vocrj talent; but our exchanges speak in extravagant terms of her vocalization, and of the artistes who attend and a*aist her, and our community may prepare to be as. founded by a musical prodigy which has not been im ported, and by a Grand Concert, conducted by American Iml/, equal to any w ith which we have been j favored during the present season. For particulars, see ! advertisement. 1 Z a?'” Our city readers may miss the Council Proceed ings which are usually found in our columns. That honorable body has not proceeded at all, hot has stood j pcrfecily still for the last two weeks, during which time j it ha : been unable to assemble a quorum for the trims ! action of business. In the meantime, our city takes j care of itself in its temporary orphanage, and Mr. Ko -1 gers, who we chance to remember was some lime ago elected an Alderman, waits patiently to lake the oath of | office. We would suggest that it is time that the new : City Hull was completed, or if the Council will remain in its present quarters, that it is time they establish, after • ‘he manner of Gotham, a Tea Room in some corner of | the old rookery, which will furnish some inducements j to secure the attendance cf its members, other than those which now operate upon them. I Z :y/ ; Mrs. Fillmore, we learn from the Washington : papers, is still seriously indisposed, and the departure of the ex-President f om that city upon his contemplated : Southern tour, is consequently indefinitely postponed. If the health of his lady will permit it, Mr. Fillmore de sires .o start South by the first of April; but if her re- I envoi v is delayed beyond that time, be may abandon al ! together, for the present, his design of visiting the , Southsn States We still hope that he may be enabled to b-avc Washington City before the Spring is so far ad .meed, ns to render a journey through the Southern ,S;a:cs hazardous or disagreeable, and that we n.av be ; enabled to give him some earnest of the admiration aud ‘:e*pect with which lie is regarded in this portion of the 1 i.'oiift-dcra< v. Editorial Convention. The CJ.mnbux Enquie,:, several weeks ago, recoin. ! mended that the proposed id. - rial Convention should meet in this city on tin. r. W ednesday in May, and we notice that this suggestion has been adopted by i i>very press in Georgia which has taken sufficient inter, jest in the subject to notice it. We cannot foresee what the Convention will do, and we cannot consequently commit ourselves in advance to its action. There is a general fooling iu the fraternity thut many causes which render the newspaper business unpleasant, and often j unrcmimerative, may be removed by some concert of action ; and a Convention in which the press of Georgia j min he iepresented, is the only mote by which such eon n. cf action may be secured. We do net design, ‘in ;- rdiort article, to lay down a programme for iho j On- .-nt (•!>, or to give our views as to what it ; him .1 ‘do., and ,-h'rtld leave undone. As the legitimate ■>: - i ld ,Wo..a -~ ——““OU, .me eugageu ‘the thoughts of many for years who will probably at tend it, we trust that something may be accomplished by it which shall benefit the fraternity, though we are not sanguine that it can effect much good. Our object now is, simply to endorse the suggestion of the Colum bus Enquirer, aud cordially to invite every press in j Georgia to scud a representative to the proposed Con vention. If we could know beforehand, the number ’ of delegates who would be in attendance, we could, in . c , ’ ! connection with our brethren of this city, make all ar ! rangcniciils for the meeting of the Convention, mid ‘make Ihe sojourn of its members in our city pleasant ; and agreeable. There is yet sufficient time, and we i trust every one who designs attending the Convention, will noitiy someone connected w ilh the Macon press.— This is, we think, the first step necessary to give some shape and form to the prqjtt ot an Editorial Convention. *.{V’ There is no political party in Georgia, il a welj defined political creed is embraced in the idea of a po litical party. The Southern Rights Party, (or as it is now sty led, in undisguised horrer of the names, as well as all o.her souvenirs of 150, the State Rights Democ racy,) is an organization, but does not pretend to any I principle as distinguishing it from any other. The j principles of the late Southern Rights Party, consist ently adhered to, would array it in opposition to the Administration. The Inaugural of Gen. Pierce reiter ates, in strong language, and with the high sanction of -ifficial position, the opinions and sentiments in opposi tion to which the Southern Rights Party of Georgia was formed; and we would have expected that it would subject the Administration to the same abuse and de nunciation which Union men have received in Georgia. Not so. Franklin Pierce is overwhelmed with lauda tion and flattery by the same party, the same presses, i and the same individuls who denounced and ridiculed Millard Fillmore, and who follow him, in his retire ■ ment, with denunciation and ridicule; though Franklin j Pierce has uttered nothing upon any important ques | Eon, of foreign or domestic policy, which arrays him in J opposition to the administration of Millard Fillmore.— j uid if any one is curious to learn the reason of this • strange inconsistency, it may be found in the fact, (as it has been stated by the Southern Banner, with a great deal of feeling aud force,) that General Pierce bus given his ! inaugural to the Union Democracy, and his offices to he Fire-Eaters. Their principles compel them, if con ■ usient, to oppose him. His offices bind them to his uppoi t, and to the support of principles and policies vhich they have systematically opposed and savagely (enounced. It furnishes us another proof, if any vere needed, that principles cannot be weighed with i!under. The Union Democracy, of course, are not •ontent with this distribution of executive favor. The President endorses them, aud ojxxttludra decides the i controversy which they have waged with their Southern 1 Rights brethren in their favor. They arc the National ; and orthodox Democracy of Georgia, acccording to his ! interpretation. Their past course has been sustained, | and that of their Southern Rights brethren has been repudiated. But they are not content. A commission front the President of the United States is more valued than his endorsement, aud his concurrence with them in political opinion and feeling, is insignificant and valueless, if not positively irritating, when it is not evi denced by some tangible marks of his conlideuce and ; r gard. It is not in accordance w ith our notions of istiee that General Pierce should thus neglect his riends, and reward those who in feeling, iu sentiment aid in opinion, are opposed to him. But we know the i exigencies us his position. We know that he must i xiurt (he strongest faction in every State in which the ! Democratic Party is divided, and we know ihat the j Southern Bights faction has the political strength in Georgia No one can blame a President for recognis ji.ig and acting upon that law of political necessity which requires him to buy support with patronage.— And if, as it seems, the Southern Rights Party shall | have the lion’s share of the spoils, what matter? who is hurt? The great mass of the people of Georgia look to the government of the United Stu'es for nothing but ‘protection, and care nothing lor its patronage. Their ! rights of citizenship are not affected by changes of ad : miuistration. Whether Millard Fillmore or Franklin ! Pearce be President of the U. S., their wealth, or posi -1 tion, or influence depend not upon them, but upon their ‘own will and ability to achieve them. They would not ’ V sacrifice their independence to engage in & scramble for the few offices, which are at the disposal of the President. Even the small minority of our fellow-citizens w ho have the itch of oilier, aud who may he disappointed in ob taining it, may be consoled by the reflection that il c Southern Rights Democracy pay dearly for any favois they may receive. If General Pierce gives them office, they will give him more than an equivalent. He wil drive a bargain tritii them which is cheap—dog cheap- He will bribe their support with a few offices. He \.il brow a sop to the snarling Cerberus of Southern Itight- Deniocray. lie will convert every valiant and chival reus Quisotte who dreamed cf Secession and a Southern Confederacy, into defenders of the Constitution and the Union, and close the mouth of every loud-mou-hcd re viler of sacred things, with a little Government pap. It is well bestowed, if it accomplishes what reason and argument and persuasion have failed to do, in ai resting the great Southern movement which was designed to sweep away every vestige of a Government which syt“ tematically oppressed and degraded the South. A father in some play is made to say, “my son, you have made ir.or.ev, you must now find ancestors, May we hope that the Southern Rights Democracy, if they obtain office, will find principles which may accord with those of the Administration they support, anti blotting the record of their j olitical heresies, cordially unite with those who have u -ver departed from their allegiance in j increasing the efficiency and securing the perpetuity of j this Government, which is only felt i.i the blessings which it bestows, L'unemu* piub major. There is i good time coming. Let us who have always loved it, tune our pipes together with our Southern Rights broth* ren, who whilom hated it ns they did hell itself, out have sincerely repented of this wickedness, and tog*. 1 , ti er let us sing paeans of praise to this glorious L nion. Position of Gov. Cobb Re-Organization o; the Union Party. In a late number of the Aug ash Const tutu/nalist in an article upon the next Gubernatorial election, there are some strictures upon the past political course of Gov. Cobb, w hich have called forth the subjoined reply from Win 11. Hull, Esq., of Athens. Mr. Hull is un. derstcod to be the intimate friend of Gov. Cobb — claims to know Ids opinions and his feelings upon po~ litieal questions, and doubtless states correctly the present status of Ills Excellency. We have nothing to do with Ids past political conduct. Whilst recognising him as the best representative of National Democracy in the State of Georgia, and as agreeing more nearly with President Pierce in political opinion than the Editor of the Consitutaneilist, who assails Idm, we have cordially denounced him in his whole connection with the Union Party, and are glad that we arc not ut tached to any party which he leads. If we must fol low any man, and make him a demi-god, we would have some “god of larger utterance” than Gov. Cobb. He is a politician—a man governed by policy, ami would not appreciate or understand any argument which we might employ to show that he liad acted wrong, or in bad faith to the Union Party of Georgia. Such argu ments, we have found, arc lost upon him. lie may possibly, however, begin to understand that be has done something which, in political ethics, is blacker and more unpardonable than breaches of faith— comniitteg ! a blunder, or rutlicr a succession of blunders. They have consigned him to that Slough of Despond in a i political career—a minority, and there we leave him, patiently and laboriously to make his peace with the 1 Democratic Party. The Te'cerretph is evidently molli” fied by his submission, and deprecates the assault o the Comfit ut ’one: list. lint we have another reason for publishing the letter of Mr Hull. Two or three presses in Georgia have recently urged the reorganization of the Union Party of Georgia. This will never do ; and we would take ihis early occasion to protest against a movement so utterly impracticable. There lias not been, and there will be no response to this suggestion from the people. Life can not be given to the dead i.-sucs upon which the Union Party was originally formed, by a formal act of rc-oi ganization. The Union Party is triumphant every where. The National Administration begins its career with a cordial and emphatic endorsement of its princi ples. If Gen. Pierce shall carry out the principles of his Inaugural, no necessity, we sincerely hope, will arise* during his term of office, for the organization of a Union Party. There are as yet, in ihe aspects of State and national politics, no issue upou which such a party can be formed, and no necessity for its formation. The name of Union, prejudice agaiust the Southern Rights Democracy, and the dead issues of 1850, are the basis upon which it is proposed to re-construct a Union Par ty. We will have nothing to do with such a skinless, bloodless and lifeless organization. Events may occur which may give vitality to the issues which divided the Southern Rights and Union Democracy. We cannot anticipate them, and in the meantime we are confident that the conservative element will triumph in the State elections of the present year, whether the Union Party is re-organized, or its members patiently await the issue of events. We do not believe that such re-organization can be accomplished. The letter of Mr. Hull confirms our previously-formed opinion- that the Union Democ racy did not desire it, and a large portion of the Whig Party we know never have ceased to repent the first formation of the Union Party. Where are the elements to give strength to this resuscitated corpse of a Union Party. Issues upon principles, which are not merely abstractions, must divide parties. No such issues can be made upon any questions of State or national policy, which now engage ihe attention of the people of Geor gia. Until they arise, uo stable, permanent or honest political organizations can exist in Georgia. We are in nul l’ wt ourselves, and in the clouds will we remain* until organization upon well defined and well settled political principles is effected by the conservative men of Georgia, Whig and Democratic, with whom we shall always act. “But my object in writing is not to discuss these mat ters, but to disabuse your mind, and those of your read ers, as to the position of Gov. Cobb in that matter.— Your article gives me the opportunity of doing Gov. Cobb what his magnanimity prevented his doing for himself. I write without his knowledge, and possibly what he would not permit if he knew it. But it i due to truth and justice that his positiou should be known The writer of this professes to be as well informed as any other man, as to the opinions, sentiments and views of Gov. Cobb, and I affirm that which I know, when I say that the ticket which was put up after the Atlanta meet ing was brought out against /us uis/tes and adcice, and against kin earnest efforts h prevent it. ‘ “ I hninc that he wrote urgent letters to Judge James Jackson, at Carnesville, where General Wofford was du ring Court, pressing upon him to see General Wofford, and endeavor by every argument to induce him to de cline running on that ticket, and accept the place on the regular ticket, which he was then advised would he ten dered to him. So far from his “sympathy and secret efforts,” being for the “Tugalo Ticket,’ he disapproved of ihe movement from first to last, and his friends knew it. “It is true that Gov. Cobb was in favor at Atlanta of a different course from the one pursued. From the day when the Union electoral ticket was nominated at Mil ledgeviile, he had labored to bring about a compromise of the ticket on terms which would secure cordiality and harmony among all the friends of Pierce and King. “The Atlanta meeting was called at his suggestion, uud for- the purpose of promoting that object. Before it assembled it had become obvious that our proposals of compromise would not be responded to. Gov. Cobh proposed in that case to nominate a ticket composed of those gentlemen of the other ticket, who had evinced a willingness to arrange the matter, and to fill up the oth er places with the names of Union Democrats, and call on the whole Democracy of the State to rebuke by their votes the spirit of proscription and persecution which lmd been manifested by some of our Southern Bights brethren. This was his whole course in the matter. The Atlanta meeting decided differently, and in their i decision Gov. Cobb acquiesced, and gave, as I said before, no encouragement whatever to those who did not “Is it asked why he did not publicly announce that disapprobation? It would have been policy in him t<> do so, hut the noble and generous heart of Dowell Cobb shrunk from striking a blow that would wound his friends, even though he thought them in the wrong. The list of names advocating the movement included many who were his best and nearest friends. They lmd stood bv him through storm and sunshine, and though his sense of du'y prevented his aiding them, _he was not the man to lift up his hand against them, lie has patiently borne all the vituperation and obloquy which has been heaped upon him on that, account, uti'd still bears it. “The time has come—now when the election is over— now when the new Administration is fully formed, aud the suspicion of seeking Cabinet olfices can no longer be aroused in the minds of the most uncharitable, that, his friends owe it to him to make his true position kuowu Gov. Cobb now stands prepared to sustain the great Democratic party to which he has always In fringed, and to light, as a private in the ranks, for the imperishable principles of Jefferson, Jackson, and l’olk, and which he hopes and believes will derive additional strength and lustre from the Administration of Frank lin Pierce. Respectfully, \V.U. 11. HULL. Washington Items. Baltimore, March 23. The U. S. Senate has adjourned for want of a quo rum. ‘*■ It is reported that the President has requested Mr- Whittlesey to withdraw his resignation as Comptrol ler of the Treasury. Dr. Dust car, an Ex-Meinber of Congress, has been run over by a wagon at Cincinnati, and received such severe injuries as to cause his death. The Brunswick Hoad. A profitless discussion has been going on between t ortiou of ihe Savannah press and the IT tali man <f .homasville and the Albany Patriot, concerning tbi art which Savannah has played in regard !o the ditie ent schemes of internal improvemen by which South .Vestern Georgia has attempted to benc-nt i.soif Kc.- erence having been u a !e to the course ot Col. reward of Thomas County, in the Legislature, be has written letter, which we find in the Watchman of mo --1 and nst., upon ihe subject mailers involved in toe cont.o ,-ersy. Wi.h them we have nothing to do. The so.- iowing extract, however, front his letter is interesting n connection with the Brunswick enterprise, and i;h the attacks upon it which haveorigured in Savannah “ No uukimlness towards Savannah has prompted our people to favor the building of the Brunswick road. — isolated as they arc-denied the advantages of a mar ket, without a ruinous tax upon die productive industry of the people, of from eight to leu dollars upon each bale of cotton, and a corresponding expense upou other products —they were moved, not only b;* what they conceived to be their interests, but by h gh necessity, to offer their help to the Brunswick Company—when .his Company announced to them that if subscriptions io a limited amount could be obtained in Georgia, tlie Brunswick road should be built. Wisdom, interest, duty, and above ell, necessity, required activity, ener gy and industry, upon the part of the peopie here, to sustain this Company. “Had Savannah sought our trade, and invited us to unite with her in opening a like communication with th..t city, I do uot hesitate to say, that she would have been responded to, to the fullest extent of the means iof our people. And, indeed, even now, in the even! the Brunswick Company shall, in good faith, complete their road, still there will be an anxiety among the citizens of this pan of the S.ate, to have ihe benefit of the Savannah market; and when Savannah shall confer i with them upon ihe subject, she will, vvi.houi doub., ‘receive the proper earnest of their dcsiies, by liberal ‘subscriptions to accomplish this object. “ It is true that the opinion was prevalent at one time, “ that Savannah was endeavoring to thwait the plans of the Brunswick Company, and impair this Company’s credit, and at the same time pretendedly organize the Savannah and Pensacola Company, and thus divide and distract the public mind, and thus ulti mately defeat the Brunswick enterprise, and then aban don the Savannah aud Pensacola organization. This opinion entertained, it may necessarily be supposed that more or less unkind feeling was excited ; but in proportion ns the public confidence has increased in the Savannah and Pensacola enterprise, and the honest and honorable efforts of the people of Savannah to sustain themselves against a rival city, all unkindness of feeling has passed away. I “Our people are too intelligent to censure Savannah, I because ot her unwillingness to surrender ihe commerce i for which she has toiled for years and spent her mil i lions without an effort to sustain herself. “I consider this controversy as useless and unprofita ble, and I should not have said one word, had L not been called upon by ihe Albany Patriot for an explana tion in reference to some remarks that have been attri buted to mvsclf.” Very res icetfullv, vonrs, ’ JAMES L. SEWARD. To Jlr. Decatur, late of Hackeltrap. Amxrici's, March 24th, 1853. You have, without cause, usssailod me again through the press, endeavoring to prove to the world that my letter to the Journal and Messenger, was •‘strange, in ! consistent and suicidal.” In order to establish your j position, you have brought forth an unfathered off- I spring, without name, dale or locality, which is indebt ied to darkness, rather than light, for existence. Hence, j your deeds are ah ead}’ condemned by Scripture, and j need uo further condemnation from me. j In the argument, which you have used in the premi- I ses, candor compels me to confess, you have achieved :a decided failure. You charge me with violating my ; promise. Every reasonable man knows that one is not j bound by a promise, whoa a proper reason is pre ; sen ted for not fulfilling it—as was undoubtedly the case | in the instance referred to. | The Albany Convention did not act on my suggues- Tiou, nor v. ’th tiuv design to nominate a Union man; hut assembled with the avowed intention to suffer do. ifeat, (as you did,) rather than a Union man should be allowed to run under Democratic colors. I had no con i nection with the Convention, nor had the Convention ; with me. ! I am constrained to sav, sir, that your declaration that I was bound by the action of my political ene i mies, is a piece of gross impudence on your part. It iis presumed everybody is satisfied with my letter but the fire-eaters, and it was not written for their satisfac j tion. You departed from your boasted candor when you say that “if the Convention had nominated me, then ! I would have been satisfied ” When you resort to such ! language, knowing, as you do so well, that it was a ; matter of absolute dead-certainty that no one except a , ‘re-eater, dyed in the wool, could obtain that nomina tion—that a gentleman did get if, who was never, be* j tore the nomination, recognised as anything else but a ! Whig fire-eater —what do you expect to make by re* (sorting to such unfairness? Do you think the people ! are without sense or judgment ? You again departed from candor, in denying that the | meetings in Lee and Decatur were clandestine, or tha* lulesmeu served in said Convention, for Baker county* j Vou pretend to assert, that I did not know the mo r lives that actuated that Convention. lam willing for ; you to make known your ignorance in the premises.— j But you, sir, have nothing to do with my knowledge of fact. How do you know, (as you pretend,) what is th e |extent of my information? You might as well tell me I do not know who you are. Again, you say that “some” were tor me at first, who were against me in the end. That was a piece o 1 information you need not to have communicated It can be well said, as Xat/ian said to Lav'd, “ thou art j the man”— you are the “ same ” yourself. What did you i confess to Maj. Crawford of Early county? Whv did jvou aat in opposition to your acknowledged conviction of right ? The answer is, you are a fire-eat r. You charge me wrongfully with denouncing my j Democratic friends. I only denounced the fire-eaters, I filibusters and disunionists, who are poisoning thegreat fountain of aud who have which has rendered the Whig principles in comparison thereto, safe, sound and con ser retire. | lam yet a Jeffersonian Democrat; but candor forces !me to say, you are not; for I take you to be a red-eyed j South Carolina Disunionist! Had you one drop of un ! polluted Democracy, as it fell from the lips of Mouri | cello’s venerated sage, transfused into your veins, it i would burst them. You charge me wrongfully with I now turning over to Fillmore’s administration, when all j its leading measures have met with my hearty approval. The expression found in my lette’, was only a passing tribute, which conscience and justice claimed at my hands. Indeed, it peeds no defence from my feeble pen, as it will be classed with the most illustrious which i has ever blessed this nation, and will shine with spot j less splendor upon the historic pages of American glory | Uuboru generations will look upon it as an eveutfu j period, when the grand scheme of disunion perished j under the displeasure of patriotism, as signally as did It Lott’s wife under the displeasure of an offended Heaven. I am willing to give Mr. Pierce’s administration a fair 1 trial. Everything worthy of approval should be ap ! proved. Every act worthy of condemnation will re jeeive it. I have abandoned no political principle.— j Democracy itself has fallen from its high estate. What | have you aud your political associates been ? First, j Nashville Conventionists, (which was an abandonment I 1 of Democracy,)—then Secessionists practically— then ibstraciiy —then back again to Democracy by profes sion, but not by practice. ( The Union Democracy have been grossly deceived bv | he conduct of your friends. You will stand condemned I >y the unerring dicision of eternal justice. AVe have, j herefore, but this alternative, either to bow in submis ! ion to all we have disapproved, or to act independently | vith the U. on Whig and Pnnarailc Par y If 1 Gooey b-. \ou nicer at “Federal IT ’;/•/< /’y,” as you r.njustlv. ill it; and deny the affinity between Jeffersonian De loeraey and the principles of the ptesent Whig Party. * ut there is a clear affinity between the leading meas -f res of Jefferson’s and Fillmore’s administration ; while, it the same time, there is a clear dlsUnclicn between ■ ie Democracy of Jefferson and ihe Democracy of iba i rc-i at< re. \on further say, that my candor ciunc too f te. In th:s you have ihe advantage of me ; for I have ! iV cn you a chance to discuss mine, but you have given .e no chance to discuss your candor, as you have neve,, i llowed any to make its appearance. You also further I :v, that the Democrats were deceived in me. Why, ou yourself charged me with running os “ the Fain lan,” and I am as much of the Union man as ever.— .hat was a vain and ( dish charge, which has more „ pite than wisdom in it. ; If you wiil look to the A"me;/ PetrlA, of the sum j- icr of ’3O, you will see that I, at that time, made known j orne of my candor, which you most unjustly charged i with coming too Lite. \ You mistake again, when you say that Pierce’s In \ augural was announced ns contra-distinguished from !fMm re II higgery. Not so! It is a continuation of | the great measures of his administration. It is also a direct and unqualified condemnation of all that you | \ fire-eaters ever contended for. Sir, you would say so Jif you would abandon your greedy prospect for the I loans and fishes ; but you will not do so. At the same ttm .?, you have the hardihood ioins - ;iua{e relish f>r office, while yon aeknowfe.h/,. ii. by getting on the weak side. IL-.w con?’ . reasonable! You ought to be ashamed of ■ liitv. Do yon not threaten me with ?, “//'■>’ ett l rewords < f victory? Win ( i clearly contradict yonrst-U, by charg‘ t j ;ro , mg after wan, at the sane time-, yo,; :i | j abandon-: and. Sir, 1 have uo doubt ilia laac-s on 1 , 9 bi>uSt of having in your power, aud <, \,-b j your friends intend to feast, with as niuc!, ( i j self-complacency as did Esau on his mess -; oH have multiplied as rapidly in your imaginatiiy dal ill the'bauds of the Apostles while fie.. Ain ■ tilde. You likewise remark, *.hat ! will U death by the fraternal ling of the Wings, j to know what a Union man w ould make l-, v i, I dr:-aier. Did not every disunion pres; j n ■ \ declare against Gov. Cobb's having r. Cabinet - * meat? Did not leudingyi.re-aJeradeclare, if ceive the appointment, they would aLiv.xiun l j administration ? It is disgusting impede;,- *1 anything against Union Democrats and YV j together, wheu it is a known fact that ti- 1 have declared a war of extermination again-.; |H Democracy of Georgia. With the olive-branch, you preferred t.i r t .; ur Democracy, which your side had abandoned, u ■ ted a cordial reconciliation. Your conduct E , ■ slimed the sincerity of your profession?. U 9 Disunion can never commingle in banumicus.. ■ especially as your side is disposed o re..;: t I man with cruel and shameful injustice. M-, ; . 9 elation with the Union Whigs of Georgia, H most agreeable and acceptable character - c.- and I for any Union Democrat. As there is no ]■ H Party in Georgia, the door is open fonus i< ~ .. I from the uncompromising vengear ee of tie I We may trust our Union Democratic friend. 9 generous impulses which hare ever chnrac-■ Union Whigs of Georgia. Let us do so with ;; J confidence, and victory will again be found t. ■ standard of the friends of the Union and the ( ■ tion, EDWIN R. BROW.'I N. B. I will notice no further communications ■ less under a proper signature. Appointments by th President, n BY AND WITH THE ADVICE AND C IXSENT 01’ Till: V William Henry Vesey, of Pennsylvania, to L, 9j of the United States at Havre, in France, in p] at v, 1 renzo Draper, recalled. John F. Bacon, of New York, to he ‘ onsulofU United States at Nassau, in the is] -i. \\. w ; | dence, in place of Timothy Darling, - ■ , .1. Henry il. Dewey, of Penn? lv ~to be con- 1 the United States at Para, in Pr 1. Amos S. York, to be consu . ihe United State j the island ofZante. John A. Campbell, of Alabama, to be an , i justice of the Supreme Court of the United Sir'. ! place of John McKinley, deceased. Edward Lander, of Indiana, to be chief justice i- 9 Territory of Washington. John K. Miiler, of Ohio, to be an associate resib 1 the Territory of Washington. Victor Monroe, of Kentucky, to he an associate I ticc for the Territory of Washington William M. I.owry to be marshal of the United > j for the eastern district of Tennessee, in place of J. f. j sons, resigned. Watson Freeman, to be marshal for the district | Massachusetts, in place of Charles Devons, jr., r.-i ed. Westle.v Frost to be marshal for the western <lis> I of Pennsylvania, in place of John Dickey, ti re;.?, i J. Patton Anderson, of Mississippi, to be marshal I the Territory of Washington. Fleming B. Miller, to be attorney of the Unr j States for the western district of Virginia, in pine j B H Smith, removed. J. C. Ramsey, to be attorney of the Uni: and > | for the eastern district of Teuncs.ree, in plac- ot • t K. Rogers, removed. Selah IL llobbie, to be First A . i t. . . General, in place of S. D. Jacobs, t emovod. Paul Arnan, to be Collector of Cu o:as, di? • of St. Augustine, Florida, vice John M. Hat.- ... -t. moved. Hamilton Stuart, to he Collector of Customs, d ; ;:- of Texas, vice Win. R Smith, removed. Richard P. Hammond, to be Collec.or of Cnv - district of San Francisco, California, vice Ik-verlv ft Sanders, removed. Green W. Caldwell, to be superintendent of I branch mint at Chariot fee, in the State of North - 1 lina, in place of James W. Osborne, removed. Christopher Carson, of New Mexico, to be India Agent in New Mexico. Joseph M. Garrison, of Oregon, to be Indian Ay ..:] Oregon. Albany aud Savannah Railroad. F. P. Holcombe, Esq., Chief Engineer of the 5.r.9 nah and Albany Railroad Company, visited Albas ? 1 the early part of the present week, and from th. . id tleman we learn the following particulars of the sis ■ A line was completed from Savannah to two ditto 9 crossings on the Altamaha, some two weeks si.. I The distance is .50 miles—seven miles less than a; - . 1 by Bonner’s Map of Georgia Due of these cros?i:;l is in the upper part of Mclntosh, and the other abor. 1 Liberty county. Another favorabie crossing mav i obtained in Tatnall county, near the moti.h of I Ohoopee river The two lines have been connected T the west of the Altamaha, and the survey hasprocee ■ about 45 miles in the direction of Albany. The wi il route is, so far, very favorable—no cut or fill, ex II near the Altamaha crossing, exceeding ten feet. T.I extreme grade is 30 feet to the mile, and even thi?l seldom necessary. The country is very level, and line almost without curves. The distance from Albany to Savannah by this R I will be, Mr. Holcombe thinks, not much, if am, e .I 130 miles.— Al itrig Patriot, 25 th ind. Macon k Western Depot.— ln order to make ror.l for the new Passenger Depot about to be erected bv ] Railroad Companies, the Macon & Western Dej I shortly to be torn down, and anew one, somewhat ‘ } the s vle of th ; new State Road Depot now ia c of construction, is to be bu'lt. The new es abi - t will be loca ed between tlie Holland lloure and th 1 Snue Machine Shop, fronting on Aiab.una-s.ree'. ] will be a decided improvement in point of acre? j and convenience, as it will remove much of thebusinr i connected wirh the Depot away from the lieighb -::. | of Railroad tracks. —Ail inta l„i■ /. A Department of Agricdetcp.i ‘ The Natio.'.l Agricultural Association, recently in sessional -f ingtoo, resolved to metnoralize Cong ess to esiabl:>-J department of agriculture The idea is a very pro I one. The Patent Office acts, in some degree, as a. I leau of agriculture, but it is not equal to the public I cessity. The Government might do a great deal for J riculture, by the introduction of seeds and animals, j the distribution of information and scientific di>re J lies, and by testing processes and experimeats -I With a climate stretching through B If the north.” I temperate zone, and belting the v continent, I ought to multiply our agricultural * ducts, and ton uralize here many for which we at ■ dependant up ‘ foreign countries) or which, from . ;eir perishable na ture, not being adapted to sea tra -ortation, \vedonj have at all. There has never bei e been a time wit-:-’ so much attention was paid to agricultural subject? - Men of fortune all over the country are testing cxperH ments, the results of which will be for the public ben?-] fit, and large sums are expend ‘. i improvement which, if successful, may be a- , .by others at £d less cost.— Providence Journal. Francoxi’s Hippodrome.—lt .. expected, says ii-B New \ ork Journal f C'mmerc , ha; Francoui'sgr .1 hippodrome will go into operation on ihe first of .'i- 9 next—ihe first thing of the kind that has been min ‘-l ced into the Uuited States. Two hundred and fif!;■ I ses will be daily employed, and there will be aboiu I equal number of artists and employees. The sti-amsLpß Washington, to leave Southampton the Sotb inst., • 1 bring seventy-four persons connected wiih tire Li,; “1 drome, among whom are Fraxconi, and Mens. J Mach Uhereme, who tie distinguished in their lit; I business, at London and Paris. The celebrated “ Car of Roses,” or “ Bacchus,” “■ ■ also soon arrive by the ship Sa Dock, from Havr 1 Thirteen artists are on board the packet ship A 9 berland, with ostriches and elephants, aud ar e daily 1 peeled to arrive at this por t. The hippodrome is located on the sth Avenue. A” ‘j York, at its junction with Broadway, on the west I of Madison Square, and between 23 and and 2-lth streo’ I The ground has lor many years been occupied by 1 American Institute, at their annual Fairs, for a c.i.tlc show ; rind the Madison Cottage, (one of I land marks) is being demolished, to ck-i.r tit-* The Hippodrome is it, the form of a huge ana hr i. Soo by 200 feet, and will sea; Bom 12. ‘> •to ;1 sons. The surrounding wall and the seat? arc r.e- 1 completed. The interior will be laid out, in the cer as a garden, in four sections, with fountains, Xlc-ve” I and shrubbery, and be covered by a decorated nr - 1 The buildings are said to be more complete, cajirei’ e j anti better arranged, than say of the kind vet coast*';- j ed. fhc style of entertainment will be entirely new • this country—quite a different thing from t! e circusy | The Roman cor will figure conspicuously, win female charioteers, sleepdc chase's, “fiat races, by male jockeys : osft iches rode at ihe rate of twenty m-’ j air hour; Arabs in ihedete.it, chased by Gona'es: Inches hunted by Bedouins, stag hunts. Sc, (;<• The Hippodrome and Crystal i'alace will ■ eri r >a : ’ I ructions. IW” Captain Marct, of the United States ar. y.'j sev it stated in the ; urt- r and Em-amr Os New i pro; ii.es to give a lecture in that citv, in which be , :ela;e his ailventui t's in the western country. Re *’ the same otiicer tor v; hose file some months ago si r apprehensions were eutcitaincd. Nash v die and Chaitacooga Railroad is conij ‘ ■ ted, and cars running ou it to within liree miles oi • ■ Tennessee r iver. Passougers are landed in i.’baiie-’' 10 ” j Is. C.. in less than three days fr om Nashville— ihe “ j distance, with the exception of three miles alluded J by railroad and steamboats. ISP M. P. Fillmore, son of the ex-Pi esideur. form a law partnership in the city of New fork, “y-j ! son of Mr Corwin, and this same'son of Mr. Corwin ’ | strongly suspected of an intention to marry y 1 r Fillmore’s sister. The whole operation is. to be ““A to the senes of the compromise measures. — SgrAK'fi Republican.