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JOURNAL & MESSENGER. jiMUs T. NISBfiT AND SIMRI ROSE, ■EDITORS. [From fa Ml University Magazine.] SPRING. Sptf+.g is coming—Spring is commg? With her aunshme and her stowed *lmvco is ringing with the singing Ot‘ Ibe birds in brake and bower ; Itn.ls tire tilling, leaves are swelling, Flowers on held And bloom on tree; O’er the earth, and air. and ocean. Nature holds her jubite-. Soft then stealing comes a feeling O'er mv !>osem tenderly; Sweetly t ponder, as I wander. For inv musings are of thee. Spring is coming—Spring is coming With her mornings fresh and light; With her noons of ehe.;*e:vd glory, Sky of blue and clouds of wuite, Calm grey nighUatts, when the light falls From the star bespangled sky. While the sjdeader, pale and tender, Os the young moon gleams on liigh- StiK at morn, at noon, at even, Spring is full of joy for uie. For I pon ler, as I wander. And mv Biasings aic ot thee. Still on thee mv thoughts are dwelling. Whatsoe'er thy name may be; Beautiful, beyomid words telling. Is thy presence unto me. Morning’s linJs thff waking, Wandering in the breeze's flight; Noontide s glory mautlcs o’er thee In a shower of sunny light; Davlight dying leaves thee lying fn the siive-v twilight ray ; Stars look brightly on ihee nightly Till the coining of the day. Every where and every minute Feel I near thee, lovely one; In tkthdl and in the linnet I can hear thy joyous tone, fold and blooming mark the coming Os thy feet o'er vale and hill; And thy presence, with life’s essence, Makes the forest’s heart to hIL Low before thee, I adore thee. Love creative thoe I sing; Now 1 meet thoe, and I greet thee Bv the holv name cd'Spring.’ — : The following exquisite lines were written by a , venerable and most excellent lady to her husband, or.c } everv wav worthy of the love so truthfully and so beat;- ! tifully expressed. Our readers will, we are sine, feel with us, that it the wasting touch of time has dimmed tbe outward lineaments, it has not tarnished tb“ freato , ness or diminished the warmth of the bean within, but 1 has left it young and genial as in the morning prime of ! life. It is proper to add that tbe lines were Britten with no intention or expectation of publication. L>ui*- tille Journal. The Talisman. TW all hath changed since (tost we met, K.re's ooUsn. hoar* have mik'd along; His Talisman is with us yet, If not so bright, yet stiil as strong. TW time hath changed life’s rivid hue. And stripped our path of vernal flowers, Yet Love can gild the sombre view. And smile ti{>on the passing hours. Hail, icedlei lost! thy magic spell By genuine truth hath bound us fast; We Would not for a diadem Exchange the memory of the past. True, we have seen life’s sunny ray Eclipsed by many a fitful gloom. But light hath beamed on that bright day That knows no change beyond the tomb. Lov\ o’er the noiseless wave of time. Hath nearlv borne ks to that si* re Where mortal bliss becomes divine And hearts are beast! forevermore. Full soon we’ll hail the joyful sight Os L/jV matured in heavenly bowers, When one eternal day of light .•'hall beam in Eden's deathless Go went. In Semite of the l'. States—Special Session. * March 2\ ISJX Mr. Adams offtml the following resolution, w hich lies over: Beeolct <l, That the Secretary of the Senate he, and he is hereby authorised and directed to appoint a reading Secretary, whose dnfy it shall be to attend in tkc Senate and assist the Secretary, and to do swell duties, who. the Senate is not hi session, as the Secretary may re quire. And he shall receive, j>er annum, nut of the con tingent fund cf the Senate, the same salary a< the Chief Clerk of the Senate. There being no quorum, ■£” members only being pre- < sent, the Senate adjourned. Washington, Mait-h 1 So". The Senate resumed the consi4erat>>c of the .resolu tion authorizing the Committee on Indian Affairs to de legate one of their number to proceed, during the re cess, to take teslinjony in the natter now |mijng in reference io certain frauds alleged io have been commit ted by Alexander Ramsey and others, in making pay ment of money to certain Sioux Indians. Air. Adams, t avoid objections heretofore Rtmlt-, moved an amendment—{hat three porsacisbe apiteinted as a commission to take testimony. Mr. Hunter was opposed to (fee committee sitting in the recess of tlie Senate, believing that such things were calculated to bring the Se.iate into disrepute with the country, w hich he would regard as a pviik calam ity. Mr. Coojvr was likewise opposed to fho-eofiTtzutfee sitting in recess, and suggested a commission to lake testimony on interrogatories tiled. Mr Badger said the difficulty was such that a com mission could not compel the attendance of witnesses, nor punish them tor contempt. Attei further debate, the resoluik>o >.v*. laid on flu table, and the committee was 4 i tehargeJ Jar tires consideration of the subject. Other business, not generally iiapnrtsut, -was bans acted, when the Senate went br.o executive session. WassnxcTox March 28. Mr. Hunter offered tbe following resolution; Reaolr. and. That the Secretary of the Tseastsry t* dr- \ rected to report to the Senate, at is next annual session, the a rerape prices annually of bar iron, merchantable, j manufactured by so ling; hariron, merchantable maim- j ( fectured otherwise than by rolKng; railroad iron, n;s- j uliictured by rolling, end pig iron, for the last ten years I preceding 1553, in the foreign mm kefs of production ur j’ shipment. Also, the average prices, annually, of the j. same description* of iron at New York and Pittshu- r. for the same period, together trill/ the ekaqgvs tw freights, insurance and commission*. Mr. Hunter explained hisofgect in faring the t e-e ----lation. It was, lie said, with a view of affecting a nia -i promise between the manufacturers and consumers of ■ iron, by fixing a price beyond which no chaises shall be made Hawing all the information before them at 1 the next session, they could legl-Jate euierstauding ly. Mr. Hrcadhead expressed bis regret that the Senator did not support atch a proposed compromise heretofore, when he voted to exempt railroad iron from daty. Tlie resolution was adopted. . 1 On motion cf Mr. Shields, it was resolved that titer.- be paid to Robert Reale, late sergeant-at-arms, emt of i the contingent fund, his salary up to the end of the present fiscal year. Mr. Walker offered a resolution, t>rcqrising tuat tin* Senate meet hereafter at ten o'clock in the morning, saying that the Senate meet now just as the Cabinet come out of session ; and it was necessary for Senators to transact business with the beads of Departments, which thev could not now do for the reason stated. Objections were made U> the consideration of tl* re solution. The Senate ordered the purchase of a thousand cop ies of Ringold’s maps of the survey of the Pacific, acid then went into an executive session, rurd afterwards ad journed. * M.vbch 2ff Mr. Badger offered a resolution, which was adopted, authorizing the Sergeaut-at-arins to continue the mes sengers in thenpkymeut of the Senate, for two months after the termination of the present session, for the pur pose of h iding and transmitting document*. The Senate resumed the conridira’ to. of she resolu ti. n, authorizing the Secretary of tl* Set a e to api-oint a reading elerk ; and after debate the same was post poned until the first Monday of December next—yeas 2d, noes I*s. The Senate, after au executive ses-ian, adjourned. March 30.1853. The journal having been read, Mr. Seward nose and said; —I wish to make a motion which I boj- will re ceive the favorable consideration of the Senate. Intel ligence has been received here of the death of Mrs. Fill more, wife of Millard Fillmore, late President of the United States. She died this morning. Asa mark of respect to her memory, I move fire Senate do now ad jetirn. The Senate adjourned nnanurwusly. Mxkch 3L The Senate went into Executive session, and, after the doors were opened, Mr. Houston submitted the fol lowing resolution, which lies over: Rejoiced, That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby instructed to furnish the Senate with the report of an examination Con file in the Department of the Interior) made of the Patent Office building in ls. r >l, under the direction cif the Commissioner of Public Buildings. Mr Hamlin submitted the following, which lie* over; Rf*dr>.d, That the Secretory of the Senate be authori sed to contract with John C Rives lor & number of copies of the Congressional Gk&e and Appendix equal to thirty-seven copies to each Senator, in addition to the number of copies now received by them; and that the price per copy shall not exceed the sum paid under the existing contract. Several otliur resolutions, of no public importance, •were submitted. Mr. Houston offered the following: //.*■ / That unless the President of the U. States sh dl have further communication to make, the Senate will vdto *.m on Saturday next. Mr. Mason said that the President had other commu nications of an Executive charac'er tornakc. and thought thev would t-e able to adjourn on Wednesday or Thurs day u it. Mr. Ho>.;sV;a remarked that he v* . tired of the delay, an>- wialied to be on his way home. The Senate adjourned. SSP“ When does a mastiff become a lap dog* When he is d-irking Santa Anna km reply to the Invitation to Return to Mexico—Vengeance on Arista- Hostile to the United States. The Keo l ixM.itl ci'j c.i Vera Crux, of the nth inst., contains a remarkable document, being the re{iort of Don Manuel M. Escobar, who was sent by the authori ties of Vera Cruz to Uar.bagena on a mi-skin to Santa Anua. Escobar was always a warm friend and political adherent of this chief and the present publication may he considered the premonitory trumpet cali to his friends and first annthems of his enemies. In the present cri <is, the views presented and the tone of the document, nake it wortky of mature consideration It is dated on board the steamer Drt, in the harbor of Vera Cruz, on the 4th inst., and is addressed to the Governor and Leg islature of Vera Cruz. Senor Eso.bar states Uiat he left Vera Crux on the sth of January, aud arrived at Carthage;** <<o the let day of February! He found Gen. Santa Anna residing at Tui baco, five leagues from Cai'.Uageua. Here he hud given prosperity to a half-ruined town, re-lmiit the church, Le gy.n x fine macadamised road to Cnrthageiw, twilit nov houses, tin-ned the surrounding w iiderness into a garden aud protected the people whoblessed bmi as their bene factor -Senor Escobar foomi Santa .lua to hiss nd\, and afo-ron exclamation of siir|>r:ie *t t’tvy unexpected visit, Ure General s tii-st qwestion was, •‘What happens n our republic? What -ay the .Vleiicms! lie ilm-u asked if it was tnse tfcst ai'ier American invasion was threatened, to which Escobar replied ikat “the question of Tehuantepec would tree Mexico to cede without lighting.” Senor Esr.Aar states (hnt he then went into a h ng ac count of the course of the TAtua rjxc affair, of the ad miiiistratfenof thr Gwmn:cut, nnd such other subjects as preseu t Iketirs.-lves tv hen two nersons n eet who love each o.ber. lie then handed to tne General tin- letters and papers be had bn.tight. The next inonaing. Santa 1 Aina said To hint: “ four coming ha* made me pa** u very laid nigftt. i How h uve 1 hoen affected by the unhappy situation of I ; our beloved country, the tiedm of passion, iuvnJved in j anarchy, and iu iniuitu.att danger of losing her nation jaiity Unhappy Without revenue; owing a ; iiillion at.*’ a halt of bitek dividends on the English ivb?, and unable to pay the last year’s interest, or even :1k salai as ot her olheers; n ithtmt an at my ihefron t * ire ahaiidoned -an J sntfei ing the greatest disasters from |_e attack* of die savages; the frontier States under : in lied by traitor*, influenced ami pnitected by Ameri ! cans; all this tnforated for five years by inept leaders, ! who are t nitors oixi only worthy of universal oxaers : tton. laurel Ua! ifi.rnl.-t, too, threatened to mill a man ner tliat it may he inrodt'd and overrun vvi boHl nxsist i nice. Y ucatan sustuiaiug an lodLu. •>— | cannot tnumjdi. feliuantejjec threatened and its nitli ar> occupation by our uatund eneaues delayed until he coming month of April. Senor Escobar h jut* a mite to his report stating li.it on hi* arrival at Vera Cnu he had learned that: “ The question of Tehuantepec had been settled in a j .uantier which must he sa isfaclory to all go<xi citizens, which (Jem Santa Anna could not know when he used he above words.” He goes on to report Santa Anna’s word*: ’ “ WAsat a nivia-ionl But what bos the Government | of Mexico done with the miliums it received tor the ini i quitous sale of a gre;it {-art of our territory? What has ■t done with the revenue it has controlled litr five years, while the nation had remained dumb and resigned in view t f the {irtidigics wit ch the omtuevs Government of Queretarooffered to do?” The rejaa-t state* that the xsnuforeuecs were continued i for two or tkiee days, and finally Senor Escobar invited * him to return to the fiepwblic. Santa Anna spoke of j h s dis nclillation to leave the tranquil life he was lead : ing, to cuter the l. barvnth ojanetl to him in Mexico, of j i:is vivid recollections of his *utiering* through the in , gratitude of ■ hm hi residence in Havana at the call of the nation, j when his wounds were still unhealed ; of hi* eflur s to : repel the invaders and save his country; of his great i [M-rsonal sacrifices to equip her armies; of his horse .rounded et Augostura; of his clothes pierced with balls in the VaHey of Mexico of the burning ot his estate by the iu voders; and of the infamous accusation against !iiin by Gamboa which had been suffered to lie for five years upon ilie table of Congress, without one single itepresentative-coming to hLs defence, or asking even , mr action u{ui it, though many ot them had been with hint and knew of his great labors. “ Words cannot define such conduct, and it indicates clearly what car. he ex’tocled from such citizen*. A so ciety thus accustomed to the physical and moral assassi •na ion of the leaders ir. it* vtar of independence, that . does not respect an ohsen ing world, cannot be other 'wise than i:i tli. unhappy condition of our country.— , God and man must condemn acts that are so rarely {■found in the civilized world. Docs such a course et.- !-courage our voting men to give their time and their icst years to the hetx-ai of their country, dafving dan tger and AageMit-g all that is most dear and sweet an life, ! and abandon all tor her saietj* ? 1 “Besides it is impossible that I can return, and meet j with serenity a sci of men who hare elevated them selves k power without anything iu past history lavor ahie to them ; or him wh> has never been a good son, a good hashaml, a good friend ova good citizen ; men who have home the filthy yoke imposed upon them, and re • n iine.l impassive even when they saw that nothing was done to save our country from the aggressions pro jected by the new vandals of the North. i “Have tbe Mexicans abjured their passions* Do ’ they blush for fheir frolics ? rice the abyss that is open jut theirfeet? Know they that they will be absorbed by ! this modern Rome, without any resource but to bend the ’ neck, if they do not change completely their course? j Have ikey the presuntpikiti to suppose they will be sa -1 ved without efibrt <*n their part. • mid the disorders in i which they lie, and when ii would seem that patriotism has fled the laud of the Hidalg.is, of the Iturbides and ! Guerreros ? j “Shull I present ntyseifoa fliat seeoe vrhen no gov erninent is possible ? When the ties of obedience are . torn into shreds? When the wicked and vile Arista has dissolved every social bond, and driven morality )and virtue into oblivion ? Do they wish me to leave litis a veetrepose? Tii A 1 shall agon rsk the term of life which Divine .Providence concedes to me, mutilated as ; T am, to look upon such misfortune, with the wish, per haps, hi save, but powerless to remedy, because I tuny | not tind a toyai ami ett-c‘-ivc* co-operation, as oocarreti when 1 r.n l? front k> <Le Aiuoricun invasion ?” i Senor Escobar states that to these powerful truths he ! could at first reply only with silence, hut that gaining comuge, he fold the General it was all true, hut that j those times were past, that the liatred to Arista was | universal; that fortunately fin- Mexico .liere was a great ! majority of tiiustiious citizens that Lad taken iv> juirt jCa Anc*e affairs; that every-oneproclaimed him a* the J only liberator, and ikat Ids prcseooe would cause ouar jehv to fly, and restrain the counsels of those w ho wisb . _xl to convert Mexico into a colony. j After two day* deliberation in silence, Santa Anna mid the messenger— ” That his heart could only he Mexican : tlmt, not .vithstanAing the past, he wished to show to his compa tri.its how dear they were to him ; that there mtsfor i tnea-werebis and he ooeld never lx* indiffereat to tlte-Tt: that, footing at objects from a distance, their de formities were better seen ; that he did not wish that history should one day say-that he fond been deaf to the -call of His country when she honored him with ac-dl to i m*et the common danger, and that he Imd aeco with indifference her Cite, that he desired to end h: days in the it he bad chosen as a residence for his fimdv; that bis otilv wish w*< to see his country happy, aud i casting aside every thing tending to detain him, i l*e himself to give the last proof of hLs palrio ! although history taught him to place ix> -eonfi -1 deuce in the |>a>uung en hu-iasmof the masses “ I hold ” Be said, “ that independence is the greatest x*f*r hlewinss, *nd cverv good citizen should defend v with alibis power, and I cannot bit deaf to the v.wce of niv countrymen, nor fail to appreoale she high hoaof her have conferred upon ntc in calling me to help them ou’ of tlic labrvinth in which they are involved, ard lb(fTO a |i to Vcaiur nationality, .now ut such un went i cri’ form the grasping spint of our neighbors and Hie ; jdolence ami vc-.-assmo! a few Mexicans. Return in tlie next packet, f-.ud in giving un aoemwt of poor mhsion to thoac who sent you, telUhem from me that iu file next month of Karrii I will leave this spot for the shores of Mexico. a* () n n-y arrival there I will eats around rac thsse persons ti influence who am true hirers-of their eouu trv. I will confer with them ; and if I lind co-o[>era tion, if 1 find sincerity and a good will to abnegate eu ’ piiciousand mistaken opinions; and finally if I find men of heart to make an obstinate defence‘flf onr right* against the aggressors from fbe North, and that the on ly cry is ixobtenzmexce on rEArn, then will 1 lend my self cheerfully to new sacrifice*, for in truth, I cannot survive the disappearance of the Mexican national by, and I desire to bury myself iu its rants, if, after She Mexicans hare done their duty, the great Regulator of the d-efiniesof nations should order for us such a fate. But if mv hopes*bo>rid not And encouragement equal to mv desires, which never can be other than the weal and glor- of our nation, L will return disconsolate to this retirement deplore the blindness of a people that obstinately believe it can do everything when it leaves the onlv path left open to it, and will not imitate others, who like them, have found themselves in a sim ilar situation.” —Ntw Orltans P.c ~y*ine. Tre Case of Madame de Solus.—The-order given by the Emperor Napeles* ill,-expelling from Fra no -a member of the Bonaparte family, Madame at Sol ns, excited some surtwise. The lady in question is the wife of a German nobleman of that *atn& She is the grand daughter of Lucien Bonaparte, brother of the Emperor Nap<4eon I. The Philadelphia Ruiletin says; His” daughter ly lira second wife married a Mr. Wise, a Catholic member of the Rti'ish PorS-ament The lady ; in questian was a Miss Wise, but uas nnthoiazcd t.* - • marriage contracts to Irear the name of Bonaparte,’ which the police refused to her as omvorihy. Klu- was ; ordered to leave France in six day*, becanse of the, scandal to the name of Bonaparte which she and tier husband were exciting in Paris. M. de Holms and wife ’ wrote an impertwent letter to tk? pcinv*, which replied by shortening Che notice to quit from six days to one. i M. d< Soluis absconde<i Madame de Holms protested and resisted, on the ground that ske wasa French sub ject, and could not be thus summarily expeße L i M. 1 terryer, her lawyer, argaed that De Bolins was a Freacli subject, and that his wife, therefore, was From It also. He pt-oi>oscd to prove it, but the Court would not alkow him to do so, arguing that the character of a French subject must he proved by the bn.-ittiwl in jt>- vn, and not by his wife. De Holms cut the case short in Court bv appearing aganst his wife, d!nring that he did not*pretend to be a French subject, that be was perfectly willing, nay, desirous, to quit France and his wile, whom he had nol autlimited, and whom he would not iiutliorize, to act in his name, for this or any other purpose. Io the meantime, -without awaiting the deci sion of the Court, the police seized Madame de Holms bodilv, and conducted her to the Belgian frontier. Woaur’s Exbwitios. —The Director* of the Cryata Palace have detvrmmetl to orgauixe a sq>at*tc depart ment of niinerslogicid, mining, and c-liemical products Messrs. Benjamin Hiiliman, Jr., and W. P. Blake have been engaged to classify aud arrange tlic specimens in this department, and it is expected that the mineral re sources of both Europe and America will he richly rep re*cnt(-d. A geographical arrangements is to be ob served. American Artist* Abroad. A letter from an American citizen at Florence, under date of 10th February, contains the following notice of two American sculptors residing lit ere, lUid the works on which they Are cnffigi'il: Mr. Hart is cng".ip*<l uj>on the statue of Mr. < I tv tor (he ladies cf Virginia. The siudy for the statue lui caught the gloat orntor in one of the j*anstts heiween hi* paragraph*, when, with the head erect, and proudly con.-icious if liLs power to fascinate unit control by hi* magic tongue, he t* a>ou? to jiour foursh another tide of eionuence into the ears of hi* ijuger auditors. It i* dit fic.ilt to conceive oft more faithful and exact frnnactij t ot Mr. Clav’s attitude and man tier in sj leaking, and I: - tic is wanting to bring him again before ilm t-chulder. but-the tones of (hat voice, which no one can fergei who ever heard it. I tun persuaded that the wot k will Ik* wortbv of the great original, and of ally age of aft. He has upon tin- stand, also, an ideal female Joist, w Inch, he inftrm* nte, is intended as a present to the generous ladies who favored him iu selecting the seultdor for the Ciuy statue. It represent* Grief incarnate, mourning foi ■he uuiiou’s Jov-s, i:i the death ot the great statesman. There is something likt'dii inity itself ui the- exquisite beau; vof flu* line* and font urea of that sad face; plain h imitating that when the artist clkmisv* to abandon the actual fin the ideal, ho is cortain of attaining rule success. Hart's mecliuuical and wu*ti active genius is quite a siriking a* hi* caj aeilv to model in day. lie came to Italv two or three year* ngo, with a variety of commis sions to execute, exjsvliug to learn in this home of the arts belter methods and |.ita.x*s*e-s <4 remviducing in marble what lie bad aaoiailed in eluy, which had not foued their wav “o the distant bank* of the Ohio. But observation and inquin soon taught him that Italy was quite as deficient in iliese slop* ns ivenfucky. He saw that the old lUi'thoJ of pointing marble by the use of three or lour pairs ol -compasses, writs both cumbersome a.nl imperfect, and he .-et about perfecting’ a machine which lie had already contrived in Kentucky, to remedy these ivil-v and has id length, in face of uumerous ob stacles, completed one, ’lie iiifetroinent is to simple and ingenious in its construction and operation, that it seems to mic destined to universal use; aud must even tually produce quite a re\ olutiou in sculpture W hi'ie it diminishes, by two-thirds, 1 lie time necessary to point a bust or statue, it possesses an iac.ilculalJe advantage over the compass, by establishing the points in {in.-ct.-e and perfect relatiou to each other, on the plaster and on the maih'e; a fact which every one fatiiiliur with the processes of sculp'ure cannot fail to s<'c must be of the utmost importance in presei ring lire harmonies of deli cate line-s, aud retaining the niceties of elaborate model ling. The artist modestly attribute* the universal cu- Ingi.tn. wliwh tia.i been totunt ujm> file (.''iit<cn ten head, rather to the perfect operations of his instrument, than to the masterly modelling of the original: but it is quite clear that the instrument can at best only re peat, and cannot surpass, lire work -Uj)ii the primitive clay. Tlie adaptions of this instrnaieut to modelling dra pery, and all objects of stilHife, aisi even the human head and form, are lioth curious ai*( useful, for they carry with them a degree of rapidity ami perfection qu.te unknown to the old metltods, and very surprising io those who witness iliem for the first time The dra pery upon the Crittenden bust is as remarkable ns the head itself and was modelled by the aid of the machine. Galt is another American sculptor in Florence, lie is a young man, almost a beginner—aud yet some of his ideal heads already take rank among the veteran sculptors. He is most assiduous and untiring in his devotion to his profession, and will show tbe world that the boy, who but a fear years ago surprised his friends by T the excellent cameo likeness he contrived to carve out in the brief intervals between the calls of people Un it tters at the Norfolk Host Office, where lie was a clerk, was capable of higher and better things, if time and o - portunitv would but hikmi the door to their accomplish ment. iliw Psyche, a s id, sweet creature recalls t<> y , r t i id -hope si - es.raius ol Mil ®n’s“i! l\n>e oso. white his Baecaute lemiud you of “I’Allegro” in the person ofa bright, merry and beautiful peasant maid* n, li rhe id crowned with vines, ready to dance or to iout;', thinking no evil, because she knows none, draw ing the whole crowd after her by her innocent and childlike fascinations. At the last annual exhibition of art in this city, no work exhibited, attracted more ad mirers, or elicited more encomiums from the by-slan ders; always excepting the cases where jealousy was roused, and vented itself in spiteful and petty cri’icisnis He is just putting* iiro mat h) ■, a bust of Columbus, for a society in Vitg.nia; and as there is no authentic like nejs ol him in existence, he was obliged to draw upon the batik of ideality. Those who know die genius, the hope, the perseverance, the toils and suffering*, the success and the disappointments that made up the sum total of Columbus’ liie and character, u ill not fail to find them carved upon that serious face; and the verdict will be, that if those are not the authentic lines and features of the great discoverer, they might he. An Italian critic, in one of the journals here, In * re cently bestowed warm praise upon the work, and declares that it is so thotoughly cf lie Italian tvi c, that in a question of pedigree, the proof of family likeness would he conclusive. The Crystal Palace. If the following statements of the Sunday A h* are true, it is well that the public abroad should know them. If they are false, the directors of tlie “Great Exhibition” should come before the curtain with a prompt contra diction ; at all events, make some explanation, and re port progress. Hundreds of persons in Cuba, and thou sands more at the South are preparing to come North this season to see the Crystal Palace ; and they are now making their arrangements io be here at the opening. It is expected that President Pierce and his Cabinet will be present on the occasion; and all the world i* anxious to ‘-assist” in the ceremony. It is now near the first of April, and eveu the iron anat<my of tlie Palace is not yet complete, and there are no signs of “crystal” about the premises. Where are the managers? w’/.oare the managers ? Let us hour fiom them in answer to tlie following charges. —Keening Ali. ror. In order to give edit to tlie edifice, if not to the scheme, an architect was imported from Germany to get up the building, to tlie total neglect and rejection ol the architectural talent of our countrymen. It was deemed imprudent, if not injudicious, to confide the building to an Aun t ic;Mi— and therefore Germany ob tained precedence. The German architect commenced his operations in the month of October or November last; and we are told that all his plans were matured at an early day of the last w inter. Mouths lu.vc already elapsed, and as yet, there is not. the remotest prospect that the edifice will be completed before the month of September or Octo ber next. The managers of the afi'uii have ass : gued a variety of causes for the delay, among others, foul v. ea thy, and a general hostile combination of the elements. Fo far as this allegation or apology is concerned, it u utterly unfounded. Never have we experienced a mdd ■cr or more open whiter than through which we have just passed it was, in fact, a perpetual spring, in the etribrace of nominal winter. There has been hut little impediment to the craftsmen, since last December; and/ tlie fact is best proved from the circumstances that hun dreds of the largest buildings ever erected ii New York, have been built since the winter commenced. If tin* work had been confided to some skilful, bold and dash ing American architect, like John Trimble, for instance, does.nuvbodv believe that it would now be four or five months’distant fi ni couq lotion V The fact is, the work was confided to a German architect, imported for the •purpose, who is a st:a i;e • in a stiange land, <>n i who bus not the confide ce or sy inpUl ies ot our mechanics, lie ha* lai ored under the disadvm tage of every obsta cle that a stiungLr must ever expect to in outlier; and beyond this, tbe manager* who have bed cliatge of the work, are ir.com, eteut for the task they assumed. The whole affair, so far as time is concerned, will prove a failure; and, it the edifice be not completed at the tirn promised, it must receive a shock in advance that will paralyze the entire enterprizo. The last apology that is made for the delay we speak of, is the ire’ one that should tie m ido. We are inform ed that it is ascertained that the architect made a ino.-t extraordinary mistake in his plans, and lias discovered that his beams for the upper story and roof arc quite too short! As they arc madeof iron, they cannot he length ened or “pieced out,” so as to answer the purpose foi which they were designed ; and the whole building w ill have to come to a stand still, till others can he cast.— This will create a delay of weeks, and in all probability, carry the work into September or October! Is it like ly* that any well ednea ed American architect would have been guilty of such a gross and unpardonable blun der? Woman. —On witnessing the great stir which is made bv a certain class of philosophical politicians at the present time in behalf of “ Woman’s High's,” on - would be likely to suppose that woman on this sid of the Atlantic is degraded from “the high estate” whVh she is entitled, by her virtues and charms, to liotii in society, and is the victim of oppression and injustice.— Is such the case? On the contrary, there is no country in die world where woman is treated with so much deference and respect as in the United States of America. She is here regarded as a superior being, destined to soothe the sorrows and share the happiness of man. In unciv ilized life woman is regarded as a degraded being; she is doomed to a life of toil, and is the sla tr, not the com panion of man. In this country woman is treated with respect by all classes of society; her wants arc anticipa ted, her comforts are secured at any cost, homage is i rendered to her as to a superior being; and a true wo man will seek for nothing more. In most of the countries of Europe, even among na tions which claim to be the most civilized, whertt her lot is cast among the humble, she is compelled to per ! form n large share of the most atduousaud disgusting j field labor; all sexual distinction of employment is I abolished. In France tint women undertake a.iy task tiiat they are able to perform, without regard to ch-li< a ey or propriety. This applies not only to the poorer class, but is common among persons of reapectulVc ! standing who arc* possessed of pioperty. A woman is sem holding the plough or guiding the harrow, while b -r husband, perhaps a substantial farmer, is so-.vitig the wheat. They thresh out the crop together, perhaps excised to the heat of a meridian sun. A fine healthy young gil l will be ofte-.t seen handling a muck-fork with grace and skill, while loading her father’s cart. The shops arc almost universally tended by women, who act as clerks in counting rooms anil factories, and some times manage all the details of a large establishment. In this country wotneu attend only to domestic du tie i. The daughters of onr formers are seldom seen in the fields engaged iti laborious occupations. Labor, which requires great muscular strength, and robust constitutions, and exposure to the weather, is consider* e.l proper only for m-ui. It is a little singular that the compliment which the Americans thus offer to the fair s_*x, and which forms such a striking contrast with Eu ropean usages, has never been noticed by the travelers who h ive visited oir* shores a-id who have professed to describe our peculiar virtues e.s well as vices. - Roe t*fil ‘f ‘UI'/K* k Afi-ointmext of Cadets. —In the list of appoint ments to the Military Academy at West Point, to take ef fect the Ist of June next, we find she following from Georgia, viz : Robert H. Anderson, Ist Congressional District; Thomas J. Berry, 4th Congressional District; Anreliuß F. Cone, .kill Congressional District; Eli H Baxter, 7tli Cong-essfooal District; E. Porter Alexander, 8?h Cos pr s x-ual itis : ic*. MACON. GEORGIA : WEDNESDAY, APRIL G, 1858 l The Superior Court of Wilkinson County has I been adjourned, (in consequence of the ill health o* -Judge Johnson,) Io the fourth Monday in May next. The I'loyit House i Continues open under the charge of Mr. f. A. Good win, as heretofore. No further damage is anticipated io the building, and all the necessary repairs will be nude as early us practicable. ; Mrs. Cass, the wife of General Gass, died in tlie city of Detroit, on the 31st ult. Vi i. i.ette A Novel. By Cut turn Bell, Author of “ Jane Evre” aiul “Shirlev.” Harper A Brothers: New York. 18i>3. This is the ablest novel we have read since it was our misfortune to conclude Bulwer’s “My Novel; or, at ie ties in English Life;” and yet there is nothing not el in it to u., or to anv of the readers of “Shirley and “Jane K\ re.” The criticism of the Houk Journal is just and true. It is but a re-product ion ot tlie works ol llte au ihor which have preceded it, and consequently lacks the freshness and the interest ot a work entirely new and original. Though the scene is changed from Eng land to France, and the language and dress of the dd ferent characters are changed, still they are the same diameters which interested us in “Jane Lyre, dete.- oped by the same passions, and surrounded by the same circumstances of life; and the interest which this thicc-told tale excites, is evidence sufficient ol the übili ty of the authoress. Miss Bronte has an unfortunate aud dangerous habit of introspection; die chronicles houghts and feelings oftener than events, and her works ■ hereforc are not chronicles of the phases of society at particular periods, so much as the heart. Histories and mental experience of the authoress, lliis would be well enough if the heart of the authoress was sound and healthy, and contented and happy; but unfortunately this is not the case. Miss Bronte labors under some mental, physical, or perhaps social disabilities, which cause her to take very discouraging views of life and of human nature, and too often pains her readers by the perseverance vv ith which she lays bare, and dissects be | ore them, with artistic skill, the mot bid anatomy of her : liseased and disquieted heart. She is not a happy wo j nan, and consequently does not write a genial, happy I book. She has not philosophic calmness or Christian resignation. She is vanquished by Ihc ills ot life, against i which she still struggles anil revolts. Her works have ,i deadening, disheartening cllect. They ate mental ■ food too strong for girls and boys, and not wholesome I for men or women. The majority of people iu this : world arc happy, comparatively, (as they ought to be) j >vitli competence, health and friends, and it is a gross, inexcusable wrong, for Miss Bronte or any one else, in dustriously to suggest to thnn that they are not happy and to discover to them causes of unhappiness in the ! unexplored recesses of their own hearts, or the unob served anomalies and contradictions of this life. We advise nobody Io read \ illette, except those who love to )>e sentimentally miserable. J ’ V:-,” We thought we were very plain and explicit in jour article last week, on the proposed re-organization of the Union Party, but we perceive by the comments of some of our exchanges, that our position is not undei* j 1 stood. We feel the necessity of organization among the j Whigs and the Union Democrats of Georgia, and the • want of it is quite asembarrasing and irksome to us, as Ito any one else. But we do not perceive the issues up. (m which such organization can now be effected, and we j are op} n “and to attempt to organize under an empty and j unmeaning name alone; even it such a thing could he j ’ iccomplislied. New issues are necessary to give vitali y and life and strength to u re-organization of the „\>mpromise, Union and Conservative men of Georgia. The progress of events will raise these issues and rally j ogether again all the conservative elements of the Slate, i>ul hind them together in tin support ol a national or ganization, similar in name, .u purpose and in principle, n the meantime, ws reiterate our belief, that the Union nen of Georgia have sufficient organization to carry the •lections of the present year. There is a firm determi lation among them to give office to no man who has lot proved true to the Constitution and the Union in imes of peril, and to make no one Legislator, Congress nati or Judge, who has not exhibited any moderation ,r v. i.-’doni or conservatism in liis political career. Why nit organize then, we arc asked? The answer is, that ■retniJut e organization may injure instead of benefiting. The opinion of the masses of tlie people is unformed tpo t political questions. If a call was made to-day for he i coring of a Convention to re-organize the Union Pn -i (. a necessary pre-requisite would be to settle ! ore hand the question,—what national party shall we support ? Tne people are not ready fur the question. — The Union Democracy arc not prepared to oppose, or • .he Whigs to sustain the administration of Gen. I‘ierce. They could not unite in defining clearly and dis inctlv their relations to national political parties. This broke in twain the Union Party, and would do it again. We are, therefore, opposed to the re-organization of hat Party, because we believe it impracticable. As Union men, we shall always sustain, in opposition to the Southern Bights Democracy, the Union Democrats vim were true to the Union organization. This is the wntitnent of the Whigs of Georgia, and the elections hi* vea: will develope it. At the same time, weave , mt prepared to enter apolitical organization with them, intii we can lay down a platform of principles, and a programme of action, which everyone is prepared, with* ■lit tailoring, to follow out to “the bitter end.” The New Yorh Appointments. Daniel S. Dickinson, (Binghampton,) Collector; John A. Dix, (Westchester,) Sub-Treasurer; • Chaulks O’Conou, (City) Pisliict Attorney; Abu aII am T. Him.ykk, U. S. Marshal; ; Isaac V. Fowlek, (City,) Postmaster; lleman J. Kedfield, (flatavia.) Naval Officer; Swackhamer, (W’mshurgli,) Navy Agent; John Cochrane, (City,) Surveyor. These nominations to the important federal offices of New York city, made by the President, and transmit ed to the Senate on the 29th ult., constitute tlie most interesting item of news from Washington City, and lave important political significance. The Democracy >f the Empire State have been divided for many years, nto two irreconcilable factions; and the defeat of Mr. Jass, the Democratic candidate for President in 184S >y the defection of the Burnburner wing, has shown he importance of Democratic harmony in New York Democratic success in the Union, and has made the f eeurement of this harmony an important object with Democratic leaders. The divisions existing in the New York Democracy. :ro, in many respects, the counter-part of those exist* ’ ng in the Democracy of the South. The Hunkers are | the National Conservative Compromise Democracy, j sympathising with, and agreeing with the Union De | tnocr.tcy of the South. The Barnburners are the Buf j dil„ Platform men, who have denationalized their Party | to the extent of their influence, by committing it so the ! political heresies of Free-Soil and Higher Law, as the I Sou. hern Rights Democracy have denationalized it to \ he extent of their influence, by coniinitting it to the ! political heresies of resistance, secession uml disunion, j The Hunkers and the Union Democracy of the South, ; have been true to the Democratic faith as received from t the Fathers; whilst the Barnburners and .Southern ; flights Democracy have interpolated in it the sectional j views and sectional opinions of the great leaders of i tln-ir respective sections, making the name of Democra cy a cover for political differences, instead of the index of a common political faith. In the last Presidential j canvass the Hunkers aud the Union Democracy of the South cordially supported General Pierce, because they ! recognised in him, anil in the platform of the Conven. ! *iou which nominated him, the embodiment of their ! principles; whilst the Barnburners and Southern j Rights Democracy, from sheer necessity, and from j p ilicy, did the same thing, and with a capacity of swal | low which exceeded all expectation, bolted a candi. j date and a platform, opposed to them, to their priori ’ pies, and to the objects of their organizations. The ! hope of office was the only thing which sweetened the i unpalatable dose, and consequently no sooner was the result ol’ the election declared, Ilian General Pierce was besieged by Barnburners and Southern Rights Demo crats, demanding the price of their support in public plunder, and attempting to ostracise tlic National De mocracy, and shut them out from all participation iu j he spoils. Gen. Pierce has been eons! rained to concili ite the Southern Rights Democracy, and buy their sup* ort wi h patronage. The nominations for New* York vouhl s.vm to indicate that ho will not pay as high for he support of their allies, the Barnburners, am that ic will not withhold his confidence aud his patronage rom the Old Hunker Democrats of New York. Then ire four Hunkers and four Barnburners among the ap* K)intees. The Hunkers have the Collector, the District j Utomey, the U. S Marshal and Navy Agent. The i ( Barnburners have the Sub-Treasurer, Post Master, Na ,v and Officer end Surveyor. Titus has the struggle of the two factions of the New Auik Democracy, ovc: iiic . spoils, ended. Delegations from each faction besieged j Oen. Pierce at Concord, and followed him to \V ashing* on. Long Cabinet Councils have been held upon the subject of lliece New York appointments ; and it we may credit Washington minors, it has seriously -uulan. gored the harmony of the Cabinet, and of the great and harmonious Democratic Party of the l nion. lhe President has disposed of it in a very original way, by setting aside the candidates of each fiction, and by nominating the two great lenders ot these Dickinson and I>ix, to the offices of Collector and Sub Treasurer, This arrangement will test to_ the utmost the cohesive power of public plunder. If it fails, Demo crutic harmony in New York is hopeless, lhe Pies, dent has made a very equitable division of the spo.i- , The Hunkers have power and influence the Darn, burners office. We like the arrangement, as it is better than we hoped for. We, as Union men. rejoice that Senator Dickinson, whose name is honorably associated with those of Clay, Webster and Cass in their struggles for the Compromise, is intrusted with the lucrative and responsible otiicc of Collector of oar great commercial emporium; and that O’Conner and Hilly or, original friends and defenders of the Compromise, have been intrusted with the execution of the law3 of the United States iu the Southern District of New \ oik. \N hut do our Southern Rights brethren say to those appoint ments? Do they approve the nomination of DickiiT [ son, whom they have often abused and denounced? - Dare they approve of the nomination of Dix ? Mr. Everett. The history of our public men presents us the career of no mau who has been more successful in life than Edward Everett, or who has maintained more generally the respect and admiration of all classes and of all par ties. His late short, but brilliant administration of the State Department, has extorted high praise from his political opponents, and from distinguished Diplomats abr aid. The Nut loan of the Sl#t ultimo, j says: “ We have sc n an extract from a letter from one of our most experienced diplomatic representatives on the continent ot Europe to the following effect: “ Mr. Everett’s Cuban letter has excited attention here. I lead ii with pride and admiration. The Min ister from , to whom ! communicated a copy, said: ‘Our European diplomacy has no such clear and frank documents, marked by large views, common sense, lion esty, and historical truth ; and we European dylnnatc* appear us pigmies by the side of yours. ” Since his entrance in the Senate, Mr. Everett has given to the country an able exposition of Centra] American affairs, and has dissipated some of the fog in which the discussions of the Senate had enveloped them. The New York Tribune of the 22d ult., true to its instincts of hate against every body connected with* or sympathising with Daniel Webster, thus com ments on this sound, well-timed and coneilitary speech of the accomplished scholar and statesman : “ Mr. Everett made an oily and mealy mouthed speech in the Senate yesterday, on Central American affairs. — His discourse was of the very daintiest, and softest, and politest description. He bowed to all sides and was most gracious to all sides. He was bland and beauti ful beyond precedent, lie smiled upon the audience and smiled upon his colleagues; smiled upon Judge Douglas, smiled upon Mr. Clayton, smiled upon Great Britain, smiled upon Gen. Pierce, concurred with every body, and complimented everybody iu the most affable and undulating and honeyed terms that the vocabulary of his choicest rhetoric could furnish There never was such an ocean of sweet, never such delicious streams of nectar (toured forth. So have we seen a popular and pettied performer come forward, and, with his face wreathed in smiles and joy beaming from his countc ! nance, bow totlie front, bow to the right, bow to th left, bow to his associates, bow all round, and at length sit down in the very lap of aj plause. Thus was it, apparently, with the Senator from Massachusetts in Lis speech yesterday.’’ We notice that the Tdeqrcfh of yesterday morning copies this article, without comment, into its columns. Does our contemporary approve its tone, or adopt its criticism? Does it permit the Tribune to manufacture its thunder, or look to it for canons of literary criticism or opinions of statesmen ? We will not believe it.— We would rather believe that it publishes the strictures of the animals of the Tribune upon Mr. Everett, that as evidence of the mean, contemptible, and malicious character of Northern Abolitionists, they may be a justiticution of its ultra Southern course. J.sf” The March number of Blackwood contains the following note to the article on Slavery in its Janu ary number, in which it acknowledges the error of its statement in that article, to the effect that the white population of the slave-holding States were regularly and rapidly decreasing. This statement was relied up on, and many conclusions were drawn from it against the institution of Southern Slavery. These are over thrown by lhe confession of his error, which the En glish Review has been forced to make. The statement which he reiterates, however, regarding the education of the Southern States, is equally false and erroneous, and can be proven so by reliable statistics, as clearly as it can be demonstrated that the prosperity of England is dependent upon the institution of slavery, which its Reviewers so blindly assail. We would hope that, they would leave us alone to regulate our own affairs; or if they must travel beyond the mass of social evils, which lie under their noses in England, to find objects fo r charitable and philanthropic effort, toat they would turn their, attention to the Caffir war, or to the slave trade iu Coolies, which is now carried on under the pro tection and patronage of the British Government. In the article on Slavery and the Slave jnsoer in the United SLrtex of America, contained in the January number of this Magazine,we desire to correct a numerical error into which we were led by a mistake in the Amer ican Almanac for 1852, published by Little and Brown, of Boston. On consulting other authorities, since the | article was written, we have discovered the mistake, and as it is of some importance we desire to rectify it. The total population, and the relative number of slaves and freemen, in the slave states in ls4n and 1850, were very nearly as follows. These numbers are either copied or calculated from Fish r’s Census of the Und J States for ls.jo, 4th edition, (New York, 1851, )aud may still be a few thousands in error: 1840. 1850. Total population 7,280,0(57 9,586,812 Total slaves 2,486,188 8.178,055 Total freemen .4,803,829 6,408,757 Thus it appears that the free population of the slave states has increased, during the last decennial period, by about 1,600,000. Now. the error copied from the Almanac was in representing the free population. In 1840, by 7,290,719 In 1950, by 6,393,758 Giving a diminution of about 0,896,961 Instead of an increase of 1 8-5 millions. This mistake, wc need not say, was on our part en tirely unintentional. We certainly did feel some mis givings against which, however, we placed the high character lor accuracy, and our frequent experience of the value, of the American Alm n.c. Wc did not dwell much upon this deficiency in our remarks, though any conclusion drawn from it are, of course, by this correction set aside. The uneducated condition of the poorer among these whites, and of their children, remains, however, a most grave feature of the southern while population, out of which nothing but evil can come. In this ignorance, indeed, lies the true reply to the answer of the American ladies to the address from Stafford Home. We may acknowledge both the praise worthy efforts of the State of New York, in copying tlio free school system of Massachusetts, and giving educa tion to all their citizens; and we may lament that we are us vet behind herself and New England, who, with no old habits (o remove, and old establishments to al ter, can pr need somewhat faster than ourselves even in what is good. Butthis does not touch the question of. the slave. It opens rather anew one The education of the southern states is behind that of any European state with which America would like to lie compared, and the existence of sla very is the obstacle to amend nent. He c, then, is a call upon the friends of education in America to combine against slavery as the most powerful hindrance to the cause they have most at heart. You may for lhe present leave us alone; we are sensible of our deficien cies, and are now in the midst of a great struggle to re move them. But do try to awaken your southern breth ren, who are hugging their slavery, and for its sake ex cluding oducation. You will thus not only advance the cause of humanity, hut will lay more surely the foundation?, of tad l entibiica.i liberty which is your pride and boast. Fire in Charlk April 4. —A fre broke out in i this city this morning, about three o'clock, on the West side (T King street, above Morris, and 1.0 houses were destroyed. Aggregate loss, s3j,oot>—about slc,o ooi which was insured by the Agency of: he Georgia South ern Mutual Insurance Company. No lives lost. Relief for the Madeira Scf:-ererß. —A letter frem the American consul at Madeira, da'od listh Fel rum , states that the from Boston, with relief lor the Madeira sufferers, had arrived and deliveied her cargo in good condition. He adds that it is the tirst succor the starving inhabitants of Madeira have received from abroad ill the shape of provisions, and the very sight of them lias already gladdened the hearts of thousands. The lion. John I*. Half, the Tribune states, will remove to the city of New York in Ajnil, and there re sume the practice of the law. A Real 1)a; urm;:: oe tub Regiment. —Oac evening of last week, while the Tib regiment, better known as the National Guard, ol Now York city, was on parade, Miss Direr, the'daughter of the late Adjutant of the regiment, was introduced, at her own request, and shook hands with every member of the corps then pre sent. This child was adopted by the regiment soon af ter the Adjutant’s decease, and is supported by a year ly assessment on each member. T*?” Archbishop Hughes, it is said, ill soon leave for Rome, there to receive the cardinal’s hat. The lit. Rev. Archbishop of Baltimore, and the Rt. Rev. Bish op of Philadelphia arc to officiate in his stead during l.ia aoseree, whVn may be prolonged to a twelvemonth. TLe Bourbon Question, t The April number of Putnam's Monthly contains ’ another communication on the Bourbon Question, fiom tiie Rev. John 11. Hanson, author of lhe first article up on the subject, which appeared iu the February number of I’utnam. M. A. Beauchesne published in Paris, in February last, an elaborate and labored work on the captivity, sufferings and death of Louis X\ ll—the Pole object of which was to prove that the unfortunate soli of Louis XVI, did d>e in the prison of the National @nn vention of France. The volume* of M. Botmchesne, appearing immediately after the article in Putnam, ex hibiting great research, and presenting minute and ap_ pareatly well authenticated details of the death of the Dauphin, threw great discredit upon the story cf Mr Hanson, by which lie attempted to establish the identity of the Dauphin, with the Rev. Eleazer Williams, of Western New York, and the letter of lhe Secretary of “the Prince de Joinville, which we give below, and which denies altogether the statement made by Mr \\ illiams upon the subject, lias induced many to believe that Putnam has published the tale of a poor imbecile monomaniac, to give circulation to his new Magazine Mr. Hanson, however, attacks the tomes of M. Beati cbeano, and the letter of the Prince de Joinville, and is even bolder and more confident in his belief that the obscure American Missionary is lhe lost Dauphin op Franee, and heir to the honors and the rights, (if any there are,) which belong to the elder branch of the Bourbons. He reviews the statements of M P-ean chesne with the closeness of criticism, of a man who sincerely behoves the position to he true which he has assumed ; but docs not establish anything which he urges in opposition, by satisfactory or conclusive evi dence, and only succeeds in throwing greeter drubt and mystery about this doubtful and mysterious subject.— With the letter of the Prince de Joinville he is more successful, and convicts the Prince of what a jury o’ Yankees, without much respect for princes, whether up on the throne or in exile, would flatly call lying. He discredits the whole letter very legitimately and fairly by proving one of its statements, (that the meeting of the Prince with Mr. Williams was not sought, but ac cidental,) false by the testimony of several credible witnesses. This discredited letter of the sailor son o* Louis Phi ippe is the best corroboration we hare yet seen of the story of Mr. Williams. As the question stands, it is a very pretty and interesting historic doubt almost equal to that of the authorship of Junius, the identity of Casper Hauser with the Crown Prince o’ Baden, or the paternity of tlie present French Emperor one of those questions requiring a nice balance oj probabilities, and nice weighing of circumstantial evi. deuce, which DeQuincy would delight to unraval with his exhausting research and mycroscopie minuteness of criticism. We want to believe that Eleazer Williams is the son of Louis XVI, torn from his parents, dragged from the splendors of Versailles, to a solitary, damp dungeon, terrified by the monster jailors of the Tem ple—dwarfed in body and mind by the teiTors of the time and of his captivity—suddenly enlarged and trans ferred to the wild woods, and the free life of the Indian, and preserved by strange providences, to preach to the North American savage a faith which his fathers did not know, and which Rome, the foster mother of Prin ces, disavows—and to learn when an old man, with trembling and painful surprise, of the heritage to which he was bom, and which he has lost. It is a very pretty romance in real life, and wc shall not feel obliged to any one who tumbles it over with a stubborn fact, or even dissipates its mystery. What would Louis Napo leon say to this new rival, who comes, with the Duke de Chambord, and the Count of Paris, to dispute with him the French throne? Why don’t Putnam send the Monthh - to the d.-facto Emperor of the French ? His reply to the article of Mr. Hanson, and the pretensions of Eleazer Williams, would probably be a shrug of the shoulders, and the exclamation “71 ut la no me do se" — “it is all the same to me—l am Emperor of the Ftencb until the next revolutionwhich would be certainly more satisfactory than that of the Prince de Joinville, in the following letter: Clabemont, Surrey, Feb. 9, 1853. “Sir —The Prince de Joinville has received the num ber of the Monthly Magazine, of New York, which you have thought tit to transmit to him, and has read ihe article to which you have called his attention. His first thought was, to treat with the indifference which it deserves, the absurd invention on which this article is founded—but ou reflecting that a little truth is there mixed with much falsehood, the Prince has deemed it right that I should in his name, give a few lines in re ply, to show the exact portion of truth there is in this mass of fables. “You can make, sir, of this reply, the use which you think proper. “It is very true, that in a voyage which he made to the United States, towards the end of the year lsil, the Prince finding himself at Mackinac, met'on board the steamboat, a passenger whose face he thinks he recog nizes, in the {ortrait given in the Monthly Magazine, but whose name had entirely escaped hi* memory. “ This passenger seemed well informed concerning the history of North America during the last eenturv. lie related many anecdotes, and interesting particulars concerning the French who took part, and distinguish ed themselves in these events. Ilis mother, he said, was an Indian woman, of the great tribe of the Iroquois, faithful allies of France. lie added, that on his father’s side, his origin was Fl ench, and went so far as to cite a name which the Prince abstains from repeating. It was by this means that he had come in possession of so many details curious to hear. One of the most interest ing of these recitals was that which he gave of the last moments of the Marquis of Montcalm, who died in the arms of an Iroquois, who was his relative, and to whom the great captain had left his sword. These detail could not fail vividly to interest the Prince, whose voyage to Mackinac, Green Bay, and the Upper Mississippi, had for its object to retrace the glorious path of the French, who had first opened to civilization these line countries. The Prince asked Mr. \\ ilhams, since such was the I name of his interlocutor, to send to him in the form of notes, all the information which he could procure, and which could throw light upon the history of the French establishments in North America. On” his side, Mr. \\ illiams, who did not appear less curious to under stand thoroughly this same history, asked the Prince to transmit to him ail the documents which related to it, and which could be found in the archives of the French government. “ On his arrival at Green Bay, the Prince was detain ed during half a day, by the difficulty of procuring the number of horses necessary for the journev, which he was about to undertake, Mr. Williams pressed him ear nestly to accompany him to a settlement of Iroquois In dians, established near Green Bay, among whom, he j sail!, were still many who remembered their Eastern fathers, and who would receive with delight, the son of the Great Chief of France. The Prince declined this offer, and pursued his journey. “Since then, some letters have been exchanged be- j tween Mr. Williams and the persons attached to the Prince, on the subject of the documents in question.— Thus the letter of M. Touchard, cited in the Monthly Magazine, must be authentic. Mr. Williams could also have equally have produced one which I remember to have written upon the subject. “ But. there ends all which the article contains of truth concerning the relations of the Prince with Mr. Wil liams. All the rest, all which treats of the revelation which she Prince made to Mr. Williams, of the mystery ofh'.s birth, all which concerns the pretended personage of Louis XVII, is front one end to the other a work of imagination, a table woven wholesale, a speculation up on the public credulity. If bv chance, any of the read ers oftlie Monthly Magazine should be disposed to avow 1 belief in it, they should procure from Paris a hook which has been very recently published by M. Bean chesnc. They will there find concerning the life and death of the unfortunate Dauphin, the most circumstan tial and positive details. It remains for me to repeat to you, sir, that you can make of this letter such use as von may judge proper, and to offer to you at the same time, the assurance of my distinguished consideration. Signed AUG. TROGNON, Former preceptor, and secretary for ihe commands of the Prince de Joinville.” Distressing Railroad Accident —Loss of Life.— Ci’mbkklam), March l’s. —The following are fur.her particulars of the distressing accident which occur!ed on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad yes er.lav after noon : The train consisted of a baggage car and three passenger cars, and was in charge of one of the most cautious and skillful conductors on the road, to whom no blame can possibly be attached. The cars were drawn by one large ami one small engine. When ’pass ing the SO foot filling on section Tit, and descend ng a curved grade of 113 feet to Cheat River, the laige en gine st artel the nails binding the rails to the chestnut cross-ties. All the cars got over safely, except the two last passenger ears, which bv the parting of he track, : vere thrown down the river side, falling a distance of !o vjr 100 Kef, ad making f u son e: se sin their fearful lescent. The heavy irucks of the cars caused the loss cfiife >v crushing the passengers. Os some 4” ; ersons in he two c.us, the following were killed : Daniel Holt, I j f the firm of Holt k Maltby, Baltimore; Aurelius S f.- ie, supposed to he from South Carolina; Lewis Deline, 1 French emigrant returning home from California; licit aid Clayton, of Welisville, Yu.; a young lady and iiiddlt-aged gentleman, supposed to he horn Iventuckv ; 1 smail step-son of Robert Murray, a snpen isor of the railroad, and a child of Mr Giese, of St. Li.uis. Mr (Jicse and ladv were both severely injured, and with three < theis of their chiidien are now here. The names of tli-j wounded and further particulars of this deplorable disaster cannot be ascertained until .lie train reaches hero at •'> o'clock this evening. This is the tirst instance in which a passenger was ever killed on the toad since its construction. Great efforts will be made by the company to prevent the recurrence t fa similar accident. The Japan Expedition, it is rumored, has been countermanded, but what truth there is in the rumor we know not. It is a pity, after all the fuss which has been made about this expedition, that our government should not have the opportunity of trying the coneiii*- torv effects of Paixhan persuaders up-oif the unsocial and iafler i le heathen who presides over the empire of Japan. It would show the nature of the “amity and friendship” which are about to be offered him. — Bolt. - Death >.if jlrs. |'r The National intelligencer of this mornim* th . ces lie death ot Mrs. Fillmore: ’ ’ ’’ n ' v ' 1 ’ It is wit!, unaffected sorrow ‘that we ~ dtv.th of Mis. Abigail Fillmore. The cxe.-^.r’ oe cx-i’resident Fillmore. She died ve.-i’-* . I l,f at Willard’s hotel, in Shis city, a-rjii rV , 1 ‘ 1 Mrs. Kill more was the youngest child ol ‘ihe 1 Lemuel and Abigail Povve>v>f New York Cf * ‘ attacked on the fitii instant with bronchial in** “ as fusion at water;. a combined disease was thus f*!‘ nmeh resis ed tne most eminent medical skill \]‘ ,w auectmn could suggest and a sympathizing cotmnu ,! oiler was most cordially rendered to the sufferer ty >he hi.* hft her bereaved family and friends a most worth] and estimable character; meek, ..nos.enl.ff gentle, and d'gmhed she adorned eve,y relation uhS she sus.a...cd , ..n affectionate wife, a tender aial duti fu! mother, and a most amiable and beloved frt-nd She endured the distress of her illness with sin-njTT patietice and uncomplaining fortitude, scums and sensible til! very near the lust. She at 9 o’clock, A. M., without a s niggle or a groan -nr rounded by her afflicted family, in hope of a blessed im mortality. As soon as the President was informed of the above melancholy event, he addressed to Mr. Fillmore the following kind letter: Executive Mansion-, March 30, ]so3. My Dear Sir: Information has just reached me of she death of Mrs. Fillmore. I beg you to accept the assurance oi my earnest condolence in this gtrat be reavement Y ielding to my deep feelings of sympathy, and in testimony of respect for the memory of the deceased,— I have directed the meeting of the'Cabinet ibis dav to be suspended, and the public offices to be closed, ‘ 1 am, with great consideration, your inend. FRANKLIN PIERCE, lion. Mis, lard Fillmore, Washing on. Tile President also sent his Private Secretary to the Senate to give, informally, to that body, information of the decease ot Mrs. Fillmore, and that, in consequence ot that event, lie should make no official communication to them during the day. The proceedings in the Sen ate we subjoin : Immediately after the reading of the Journal— Mr. Seward rose and said he desired to submit a mo tion, v, hich ho felt would at once receive the favorable consideration of the Senate. Thor had received the me,a icholy intelligence of the death of Mrs. Fillmore, “. “ President Fillmore. She died this mor uing, anti, as a mark of respect to her memoir, he mo ved that the Senate do now adjourn. Ihe motion was unanimously- agreed to, and the Sen ate ndjournud to 12 o’clock this day. The City Council of Washington was convened bv she Mayor yesterday evening, to give expression to the general feeling ol respec’ and sympathy- inspired bv this lamentable event. On the ntee i- ,o: die Council, a message was received from the X or, and resolutions were passed tendering to theatf! ed husband and c! i’ dren their heart fob sympathies and condolence in their melancholy bereavement, and that the City Council would “accompany tire remains from her late residence to the railroad depot, this morning.” The remains ot Mrs. Fillmore arrived here this mor ning, in a special car from Washing n. aid were im mediately transferred to the train o; -m - which left at ~]a o’clock for Philadelphia. The- - e:e accompanied by Mr. Fillmore, liis son and la.-.. er, and a few per sonal friends. They will be t.’ aon to Bullalo, and there interred in the family \ —Baltimore Patriot March 6is!. Judicial and Congressional Districts, AS ARRANGED BT THE LAST LEGISLATURE. JUDICIAL DISTRICTS. Eastern Circuit.— Wayne, Camden, Glynn, Mcln tosh, Brvan, Liberty, Bulloch, and Effingham. Middle Circuit.— Columbia, Washington, Mont gomery, Tatnall, Emanuel, Scriven, Burke, Jefferson and Richmond. Northern Circuit. —Madison, Elbert, Oglethorpe Lincoln, Hancock, Warren, Wilkes and Taliaferio. ’ Western Circuit. —Franklin, Rabun, Gwinnett Jackson, Clark, Habersham, Hall, and Walton. Ocmulgee Circuit. —Wilkinson, Jones, Jasper, Bald win, Green, Morgan, and Putnam. Southern Circuit.— Lowndes, Thomas, Telfair, Ir win, Laurens, Pulaski, Appling, Ware, and Clinch. Flint Circuit.— Butts, Epson, Pike, Monroe, New ton, llenry, and Spaulding. Cherokee Circuit.— Cass, Chattooga, Murray, Wal ker, Floyd, Dade, Gordon, and Whitbeld. Coweta Circuit. —Fayette, Merriwether, Troup, Coweta, DeKaib, and Heard. South-Western Circuit.— Randolph, Early, Lee, Decatur, Sumter and Baker. Chattahooche Circuit. — Stewart, Marion, Mu.-co gee, Talbot, Harris, and Taylor. Macon Circuit. — Twiggs, Bibb, Houston, Crawford, Dooly, and Macon. Blue Ridge Circuit. —Paulding, Cherokee, Forsyth, Lumpkin, Union, Gilmer, Carroll, Campbell, Cobb. uad Polk. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS. First. —Chatham, Effingham. Bryan, Liberty, Mcln tosh, Tatnall, Bulloch, Emanuel, Montgomery,Lowndes, Telfair, Appling, Glynn, Camden, Wayne, Ware, Bu nns, Clinch, Thomas, and Irwin. Second. —Muscogee, Stewart. Randolph, Early, De catur, Baker, Lee, Dooly, Sumter, Macon, Pulaski, and Marion. Third.— Harris, Talbot, L T pson, Pike, Butts, Monroe, Bibb, Houston, Crawford, and Spaulding Fourth. —Troup, Meriwether, Coweta, Heard, Camp bell. Fayette. Henry. DeKaib. and Cobb Fifth.— Dade, Walker, Murray, Gilmer, Chattooga, Floyd, Gordon, Cass, Cherokee, Paulding, Carroll, and Polk. Sixth. —Union, Lumpkin, Rabun, Habersham, Hall, Forsyth, Gwinnett, Walton, Chirk, Jackson, Madison, and Franklin. Seventh.— Newton, Morgan, Green, Jasper, Putnam, Jones, Baldwin, Hancock, Washington, Wilkinson, and T wiggs Eighth. — Eibert, Oglethorpe, Lincoln, Wilkes, Talia ferro, Warren, Columbia, Richmond, linrke, Jefferson, and Scriven. I nited States Vessel Ashore. There was a report in this city yesterday, that a ves sel was ashore on Y* arsaw, or in that vicinity. It ori ginated from several cannon reports on Sunday niglr. They were very distinct and were heard bv a large number ol persons here, and at Thunderbolt and vicin ity. The firing commenced about 4 o’clock P. M., and continued until about 11 o’clock. We give the news as we heard it, not vouching for its correctness We learn that the pilots who came up from Tv bee yesterday morning heard nothing of the firing, and report no ves sel ashore. Since the above was iu type, we learn that the vessel reported ashore is ihe U. S. Steam Frigate S ran Capt. Long, bound from Havana for this port. She went ashore on Thursday, at 4 o'clock, P. M., the wea ther at the time being quite thick. The second Lieut., ilr. Nichols, c ime up to ihe city yesterday afternoon in a small boat, for assistance. The sfeamei J. S. ■>( immediately despatched to give her aid. About one hundred and fifty tons of coal were t! own overboard, and it is believed that with favorable l eather, after ta king out her guns, Ac., she can bo xot off uninjured. At last accounts she was perfectly tip tt. The Saranac left Havana on Thursday night last. Terrible Steamboat Explosion and loss of L:rr. A correspondent of the Mobile Tribune says: “On Wednesday night, the 23d ult., the steamboat Farmer, Captain E. Webb, while on her way from Houston to Galveston, exploded he’ K oilers, when with |in about eight miles of that city. - > was racing at the time with the steamer Neptuu mid alter having run close with the last named steal) r for some sixty or seventy miles, she all a! once pas- her with die speed oflightning, and after getting th listanee of one Bun tired and fifty or two hundred y.. Is ahead of the Nep tune, her boilers exploded with a tremendous shock, ail three boilers exploding at the same instant, shivering the boat, with the exception of tl;-’ ladies cabin, into atoms. One of the engines was l’ -- ito the distance of sixty or seventy yards from >at—so you can form an idea of the force. Os -five persons on board, about forty were killed, t . era! are missing Among the latter is ihe Captain oi second Clerk. Tt- Neptune immediately stopped, r. i her Captain, togeth • or with the officers and passengers, rendered every as | sistancc in their power to the unfortunate sufferers- Many of the bodies were brought down on the X j tune. The distress that this unfortunate accident!-I produced is most sore and heart-rending. The first r 3 gineer is badly injured but not very dangerously. : 1 were better for him to die than live, as the feelings •: tj the community here are much excited. “The steamer Star State left this morning for t’ ; l scene of the lae disaster, and has returned wi h sa ■ of the dead and wounded. The bodies could n>-’ j recognized, except from the clothing—having be- flj much mangled by the explosion and eaten by the £ ? 1 The Small Pox.— Having occasion to issue nne-” I to day, wo are requested to j üblish a report of the; I valence of Small-Pox in this vicinity. Having bee® ‘I pointed by the city authorities to supciintend the.‘-'I pita], and to take charge of all the cases of within the jurisdiction of the city, cur report is I ami not based upon rumor or hoar-say testimony- .1 company with ihe city Physicians, we visited evert’ of indisposi; ion of anv ;\nd every character. a As soon as a case of S:r.r!:-Pox is developed c ■ symptoms become suspicious, they arc at once qu tinea. f • We have made ih's staten e t for ‘he purpose ■ * moving all doubts in relation 10 our report. ‘ ‘. , ourself amenable to the public for every rej: make. , - k. It affords ns 1 leasttre <0 state that there has 1 o’ anew case, for the hist ten das.—There are t ;. L j ses in quarantine, all con tk;Uc- ;/—nr.d will be c.n • j ed in a few days. There are none on the 8 ’ , The Physicians report 110 cases, on their harms we know to be true. — O;Uihorpc Ikr.w 2 in -!. Shocking Mcrder—The New \oik P r -I ‘j-. I the particulars of a most shocking nrurdei, ( 1 I there on Monday night, by a man named Ne: r’ . ‘ - person of hi- wife Tbi* niurd. r is, in some . j similar to the late tragedy at l’liikuk;lph 1 an* ears, while in his sober reuses, do! ibera <>.* ,1 I wile about the head with a smtie vtuter s t---‘;; I eSisci until her ws> c >ilC 1 in sevt-iA. ; J she was rendered senseless, in which, state; • ( I until flu* lieJ. The murder was commit"'; . I woman bad gone to bed, in the presence o- ■’ t .: ■ children, who were in bed in the same tony • *,,. j est boy, about fifeen years of age, to* i’an. -V - M father in a linn, straightforward manner. n*T* Charles B. Ferguson was a ble in Georgetown township, Caldonua. . m issued an address in his favor, and ai.ruu -’ ’ wrl thonty,” that he is in favor of <hene.\ “. . # JS the cholera, in favor of high sajtu ies\ •-“ * uncurreut money and poor brandy Ve W ’ .he result of the elect’-cl.