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LEXiNGTOX.
BY OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES.
Slowly the mist o'er the meadow was creeping,
Bright on the dewy buds glistened the sun,
When from his couch, while his children w ere sleeping,
Rose the bold rebel and shouldered his gun,
Waving her golden veil
Over the silent dale,
Blithe looked the morning on cottage and spire;
Hushed was his parting sigh,
While from his noble eye,
Flashed the last sparkle of liberty’s fire.
On the smooth green where the fresh leaf is springing,
Calmly the first born of glory have met;
11..: k! the death-volley around him is ringing!
Look with their lifeblood the young gras-, u wet ’
Faint is the feeble breath.
Murmuring low in death,
” Jell to our sons how their linkers have died,”
Nerveless the iron band,
liaised for its native land,
Lies by the weapon that gleams at its side.
Over the hill-sides the wild knell i- tolling.
From their far hamlets the yeomanry come;
As through the 3torra-clouds the thunder-buisU rolling,
Circles the beat of the mustering drum.
Fast on the soldier’s path
Darken the waves of wrath,
Long have they gathered and loud shall they fall;
Red glares the musket’s flesh,
Share rings the rifle’s crash,
Blazing ana clanging from thicket and wall.
Gaily the plume of the horseman was dancing.
Never to shadow hi cold brow again ;
Proudly at morning ihe war-steed was prancing.
Reeking and panting he droops on the rein;
I’ale is the lip of scorn.
Voiceless the trumpet horn.
Torn is the silken-fringed red cross on high ;
Many a belled breast
Low"on the turf shall rest,
Ere the dark hunters the herd have past by.
Suow-girdled crags where the hoarse wind is raving,
Rocks where the weary floods murmur and w ail,
Wilds where the fern by the furrow is waving,
Reeled with the echoes that rode on the gale ;
Far as the tempest thrills
Over the darkeued hills,
Far a3 the sunshine streams over the plain.
Roused by the tyrant band,
Woke all the mighty laud,
Girded for battle from mountain to main.
Green be the graves where her martyrs are King!
Shroudless and homeless they sunk to their teat —
While o’er their ashes the starry fold flying,
Wraps the proud eagle they roused from his nest.
Borne on her northern pine,
Long o'er the foaming brine
Spread her brewd banner to storm and to sun;
Heaven keep her ever free,
Wide as o’er land and sea,
Floats the lair emblem her heroes have won.
On the Completion of the .Monument at
Concord.
r.Y RALPH W. EMERSON.
By'tbe rude bridge that arched the flood.
Their flag to April s breeze unfurled.
Here once the embattled fanners stood,
And fired the shot heard ronud the world.
The foe long since in silence slept;
Alike the conqueror silent sleeps;
And time the ruined bridge has swept
Down the dark stream which seaward creepy
On this green bank, by this soft stream,
We set to-day a votive stone,
That memory may their deed redeem.
When, like our sires, our sons are gone.
Spirit, that made those heroes dare
To die, or leave their children free.
Bid Time and Nature gently spare
The shaft we raise to them and thee.
The North American fisheries and Reci
procity.—Communication on the subject
from the Hon. Edward Everett to Jtir. In
gersolU l - S. .11 mister to London.
Department of State. >
Washington, Dec. 4, 1852,
Sir :—The long continued illness and decease of mv
predecessor have prevented a reply to Mr. Lawrence s
numbered l .'S and -■ t ", and his short letter
of the 13th August. The two despatches report, in de
tail, his conferences with Lord Mslemsbury on the sub
ject of the fisheries. The letter contains a copy of a
note from his lordship of the 13th of August, acquaint
ing Mr. Lawrence with the substance of the orders sent
out to the British admiral in command on the fishing
grounds. My attention lias also been called to a des
patch from Lord Malmesbury to her Majesty's minister
here, of the 10th August last, a copy of which was
furnished to Mr. Webster by Mr. Crampton.
The communications could not but allay the alarm
which had been so generally excited in both countries,
ia toe mouth of J uly last, on the subject of the fisheries,
a* they conveyed the positive assurance ol the British
government that it was not intended to capture Ameri
can fishing vessels, except under precisely the same
circumstances as those which have been acted on of
late years.
Some progress was made by Mr. Webster, before his
death, in preparations to negotiate with Mr. Crampton
on the fisheries, and on the subject which the colonies
and Great Britain are desirous of connecting with it—l
mean commercial reciprocity between the U. States and
the British provinces. The President is still desirous
that this negotiation should proceed, and it will be
taken up as soon as possible. He is, however, of opin
ion as the two subjects have no natural or necessary
connection, that it will not be ad visible to endeavor to
include them both in one treaty. Whatever agreement
may be made on either of these subjects by treaty will
probably require a law to carry it into effect; and the
requ.site legislation is much more likely to be effected
by keeping each subject by itself, unembarrassed by
the (Faculties of the other.
la this state of things, it is not worth while to renew
the general discussion of the occurrence of last sum
mer. There are, however, some remarks in the des
patch of Lord Malmesbury to Mr. Crampton, which, in
Jostle* to this government, to Mr. Webster, and I may
Ldd to mvself, require some reply.
Lord Malmesbury expresses the “ sincerest regret
that such a publication Tas Mr. Webster's ot tbc .‘"th
July, i should have been made, without what appears
to her Majesty’s government sufficient inquiry into the
Circumstances ot the case,” and intimates that this
government was hardly justified in supposing that any
measures offensive to the United States could have
intended bv Great Britain. It must be recollected,
however, that Mr. Webster’s policy was designed solelv
as a warning to our fishermen not to incur a risk which
for the moment supposed lobe great and immi
nent. This interest is oue of too much magnitude to
f* left * \posed even to possible danger of serious
mjury. However great our reliance on the friendly
•-'entions of the English government, we had official
? G: iCe, and that a very short notice, that a more effic
**a: armed force was ordered to the fishing grounds to
a Lgnnst French and Aon-rican fishermen. The en
s complained of by the colonists, aod which
Mum- | tUis step to be taken, had never been represent
f® 50 this government, nor was their precise nature
aowr,. Under these circumstances, it was auite nat-
I , t,J believe, and it certainly was relieved, that some
l decisive measures of'repression were about to
r* adopted, against which it was important that our
®*nnen should be warned without a moment’s delay,
t is necessary to bear in mind, as a chief source of
I _ ~%*inoßs and occasional irritation on this subject,
‘“ J ■ w h>le the views of the home government in refer
t.ireGa 6 bsheries have generally been liberal, and
| w ” j °° a comprehensive survey of the best inter
| ic ,j , lw ° countries, those views have been steadily
b'vVcJl! 00 successfully met, as I shall show hereafter,
‘lJu'■ ‘“fiuenceof an opposite character.
Malmesbury objects to a remark of Mr. Wcb
land i.„ l w ‘ l b l he recent change of ministry to Eng
cc_ ._ , oc F u^ r cd an entire change of policy ”in refer
protectin® Queries * k e °bAerres “ the question of i
I doubtw’ J *L , ‘ objects in toe exercise of their un-
Cciintv - ri *“ u under treaties is one which, in this
J. not taslsrially affected by c usages of minis- j
(Georgia i!ounuil anil itlcssetincr.
j try.” Such is unquestionably the case, not only in
England, but in all countries where the government is
wisely and honestly administered. But there is always
room for difference of opinion us to what art undoubted
I rights, and what in ihe tn*-t inode of ascertaining thetv- I
j uni persuaded that Mr. \\ ebster meant nothing more, or
not much more, by his remark, than was menu! bv
Lord Malmesbury himself, when he observed to Mr.
Lawrence that the only object of ministers at the present
time was “to protect the rights of the colonists in the
fisheries, which had been neglected by their predeces
-1 sons;’ and I hope to show, in the sequel of this note,
j that, if the predecessors of the present ministry had,
j as Lord Malmesbury assumes, been somewhat indul
gent in this respect, it was a w ise poliev, adopted for
‘ good reasons.
Lord Malmesbury, having briefly alluded to the ear
) her history of the discussions between the two govern
ments, sa>: “In the year 1845 i should be 1S48) a
Corresjiondenoe ensued between the Rritish and United
Slates governments, which led to tlie despatch of a let
ter from Mr. Everett, the United States minister in this
, j country, to his government, dated London, 20th Aptil,
t | 1645, This letter has been published by Mr. Websker,
1 and is unfortunately calculated to cause an ineorreet
i view to be taken of the subject by the American public.”
With reaped to mv letter, thus characterized by
| Lord Malmesbury. I will first observe, that it was fur
, nibbed by me to Mr. Webster, who, being then absent
from the seat of government, had no -ccess to the
: public archives, > and was published by him for the pur-
I I poae of informing the public of w hat was not generally
’ known, though announced at the time in 1 e t-S, and well
i understood by the fishermen, viz: that the Bay of
i Foody had been formally opened to them in 1845,
’ j leaving the natural inference to be drawn that it was
• not likely that it would be closed without notice equally
S formal. The publication of mv note was intended, in
I | this way, to calm the existing excitement, and 1 have
j no doubt contributed materially to that end.
If the publication of iny letter alone, wishout the
1 i res* of the correspondence, was, as Lord Malmesbury
I intimates, calculated to cause an incorrect view of the
to be taken, it must Lave operated in that way
tor a very short time. My letter appeared in Boston
J on the 2ist of July, and on the 2d ot August the entire
j correspondence was communicated to Congress bv the
I I*resident, end immediately transferred to the news-
I papers. I may add that ihe only reason why Lord
j Aberdeen’s note of the 10th of March, 1845, was not
tarnished to Mr. Webster, instead of my own of the
2*>th of April, giving an account of it, was, that my
letter books contained only my own part of the corres
pondeuc,-.
Lord Malmesbury specifies two points, in which, as
he thinks, ntv letter of the 20th April, 1845, was calcu
lated to produce an incorrect view of the subject.
The first is, that I staled that Lord Aberdeen’s note
of the 10th of March, 1845, conceded to American
fishermen the right of fishing within the Bay of Fundy,
but left doubtful the question of other bays; whereas if
Lord Aberdeen’s notes, to which Mr. Everett alluded,
i a l been carefully examined bv Mr. Webster, and had
also been published, Mr. Webster, and the public of the
two countries, would have seen that, instead of conced
ing a rignf, Lord Aberdeen expressly reserved it; but
in order to prove the friendly feeling of Great Britain
to ward the United States, her Majesty’s government,
by Lord Aberdeen’s uote, “relaxed,” as regarded the
Bay of Fundy, the right which her Majesty’s govern
ment fit bound to maiutain. of excluding American
fishermen from that bav.
This purpose of her Majesty’s government is as fully
agparent in my letters a in Ixrrd Aberdeen’s and if
Lord Malmesbury will carefully examine that oi'aitth of
April, publi-hed by Mr. Webster, he will find that he
has altogether misapprehended its purport. In the sen
tence which he quotes from iny letter, in the important
word in reference to the matter in hand is concede.-
But after stating that the British government had
come to the determination to concede to American fish
ermen the right to fish in the Bay of Fundy. I added,
not as Lord Malmesbury’s despatch represents me to
hate done, that I had “claimed the same right as re
gards other bays,” but that I had expressed the hope
that the concession was meant to extend to them, and,
further, that it ought to be understood in the United
8-taies that the extension of the same privilege to the
other great bays is a matter of negotiation between the
two governments.
All this is certainly true. The “ right” which I state
to have been conceded is not tbe right which was re
served by Great Britain. The right conceded to us, as
she understood the matter, was the right to fish in the
Bay of Fundy ; the right reserved by Great Brtain was
ihe right to exclude our fishermen from that bay ; and
this right, as she deemed it, she relaxed in our favor.—
There is not only uo contradiction between the state
ments, but tbe relaxation as Great Britain considers it)
of her right to exclude us from the bay was the founda
tion, by concession, of our right to enter it. Lord
Malmesbury does not surely deny that our fishermen
have now a right to enter the Bay of Fundy. The dif
ference between the two governments is, that we claim
that right under the convention of 1818 ; while Great
Britain admits it under the concession of 1845.
Lord Malmesbury’s staictures on mv language imply
that concession cannot be the basis of right; whereas
half the land titles of Europe have no other foundation.
All America is held under charters from the crown,
granting or conceding a property to the grantees ; and
on the European continent concession is the technical
| term for a grant of land.
There is in one expression in my letter of the 28th of
i April, 1845, which, hastily read, may have led Lord
; Malmesbury to suppose that it would cause an impres
j aion that Great Britain had acknowledged our right un-
I der the convention of I Sl* to fish in the Bav of Fundy.
| That expression is as follows: —“ I was careful to point
! out to Lord Aberdeen that all the resons for admitting
the right of Americana to fish in the Bay of Fundy ’
apply to the other outer bays. This of course, is true;
j but it refers to what I had maintained, not to what En
gland had acknowledged. My letter of 26th April
Deeds only to be carefully read to perceive that its
whole tenor is in accordance with the nature of the con
ce.-sion, ias her Majesty’s government regarded it,) as
to tbe Bay of Fundy.
In my letter to Lord Aberdeen, of the 25th of March,
while I strenuously maintained the American construc
tion of the convention, which limits to the inner bays
the renunciation contained in the first article of the con
vention, I acknowledged the liberality of her Majesty's
governnn-nt in making what they regarded a conces
sion in our favor; and I am not aware that any miscon
ception has existed as to the opposite grounds taken, of
late years, by the two governments on this subject. I
gay “of late rears,’ for it was just a quarter of a centu
ry after the date of the convention before the first Amer
ican fishermen were captured for fishing at large in the
Bav of Fundy.
The other point in which Lord Malmesbury thinks
my note was calculated to cause an incorrect view of
the subject to be taken by the American public, is this
mat it created an impression that Lord Aberdeen had,
at my request, referred to the Colonial Office the ques
tion whether the re laxation, as to the Bay of Fundy,
should be extended to tbe other outer bays; whereas,
as laird Malmesbury undestands it. Lord Aberdeen
merely submitted to the Colonial Office the question re
’ lating to tha seizure of the particular vessel, the Wash
ington and Argus.
Here I must admit myself at a loss to conceive wliat
’ other question could arise, or could l/e supposed to have
arisen, under a reference to the Colonial Office of the
seizure of the Washington and Argus, than that of the
right of American vessels to fish in the other large out
er bays. The Washington was captured in the Bay of
Fundy; aod as far as that individual bay was concerned,
the qeestiou was already settled. The Argus was seized
in a large open bay off the coast of Breton, while she
: was fifteen miles from the shore. It was somewhat
, doubtful on w bat grounds the capture of this vessel was
made; but in my letter on this subject I mentioned the
doctrine relative to the line drawn from headland to
headland, as one of the grounds on which this vessel
was supposed to have been seized. What can be plain
er under these cireuDistances, and considering the
state of controversy at the time, than that the chief, if
. not the only question which would arise before her
Majesty's government, under mv complaint relative to
the Argus, would be whether the relaxation just made
in reference to the Bay of Fundy, should be extended to
the other large outer bays ?
But I believe it is in mv power to put this point en
tirely beyond dispute.. Nothing is more certain than
that this precise question was under the consideration
of her Majesty’s government at this time, in conse
-1 quence of my complaints. This I shall prove by an au
| thority which Lord Malmesbury will admit to be deci
sive.
On the lt'th of May, 1845, just four weeks after Lord
Aberdeen informed me that my letters of the 25th of
! March and 2d of April had been’referred to the Colonial
I Office, Lord Stanly, (now the Earl of Derby, and at that
time Secretary of State for the Colonies wrote a des
patch to Viscount Falkland, Governor of Nova Scotia,
of which tbe following is an extract:
Her Majesty’s government having frequently had.be-
I fore them the complaints of the Minister of the l nited
States in ihis country, on aeeonnt of the capture of ves
sels belonging to fishermen of the United States by the
provincial cruisers of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick,
tor alleged infractions of the convention of the 20th of
October. 1818, between Great Britain and the United
States, I have to acquaint your lordship that, after
mature deliberation, her Majesty's government deem it
advisable, for the interests of both countries to relax
the strict rule of exclusion over tbe fishing vessels of
the IT. S. entering the bays of the sea on the British
North American coasts.
*♦##*****
I have to request that your lorpship will inform me
j whether you have anv objections to oner, on provincial
or other grounds to the proposed relaxation of the con
struction of the treaty of loie between this country and
tbe United States.
The above ia al lof this important despatch which the
colonial authorities have thought proper to publish.
The only cases of capture of our fishermen, of which
I bad specially complained, were those of the V* ash
ingtou and Argus; and the above letter of Lord Stanley
of course, demonstrates that I gave the American pub
lic no “incorrect view” when I led them, by my letter
of 26th April 1§45, to suppose that, on my instance, her
Majestv’s government baa under consideration, at that
time t£e question of extending to the other outer bays
the relaxation which had taken place in reference to the
! Bav of Fundy.
Not onlv bo, but it would seem that my representa
■ lions had been successful; for whereas on the 21st of
! April, Lord Aberdeen informed me that the relaxation
i announced in bis note of the 10th of March was inten
j tied to apply to tbe Bay of Fuody aloae, Lord Staaley,
four weeks afterwards as we have just seen, wrote to
Lord Falkland that her Majesty’s government, after ma
ture deliberation, deemed it advisable, for the interests
of both countries, to extend the relaxation to the other
bays
The omission of a portion—and that, no doubt, the
most important and significant portion—of Lord Stan
ley’s despatch, as published at Halifax, puts it out of
my pow er to quote from it his own words as to the ex
tent of the proposed relaxation. It appears, however,
sufficiently, from the report of Mr. Attorney General
Johnston of the 16th June, 1845, that the intention ol
the imperial government was to admit American fisher
men into all bays, creeks, and inlets of which the en
trance is more than six miles wide. I cite a
from the concluding portion of Mr. Attorney General's
let tei:
It is hoj’wj, my lord, that if an arrangement such as
is contemplated should unhappily he made, its terms
inav clearly exprese that the American fishermen are
to be excluded from fishing within three miles of the
entrance of the bays, creeks, and inlets into which the)
are not to be permitted to enter.
Some doubt on this point rests on the language of
Lord Stanley’s despatch; and the making the criterion
of the restricted bays, creeks, and inlets to be the width
of the double of the three marine miles would strength
en the doubt, by raising the presumption that the
shores of these bays, Ac., and the shores of the genera!
coast, were to be considered in the same light, and trea
ted on the same flinting ”
i An extract from another despatch of Lord Stanley, of
i the 17th of September, will also show that it was inten
i dod to admit the American fishermen into all the outer
bays of certain dimensions, as it will also unhappily
show the cause why that liberal policy was abandoned
which had been adopted, as Lord Stanley, in his letter
of the lvth of May, 1845, had stated, with great justice,
“for the interests of both countries
Her Majesty’s government have attentively consider
ed the representations contained in your despatches of
17th of June and 2d of July, respecting the poliev of
granting permission to the fishermen of the United
States to lisli in the Bay of Chaleurs, and other large
bays ofa similar character on the coasts of New Brunks
wiek and Nova Scotia, and apprehending from your
statements that an v such general concession would be
injurious to the interests of the British North American
provinces, vve have abandoned the intention we had en
tertained on the subject, mid shall adhere to the strict
letter of the treaties which exist between Great Britain
and the United States, relative to the fisheries in North
America, except in so far as they may relate to the Bav
of Fundy, which has been thrown open to the Ameri
cans under certain restrictions.”
You will bo able to Judge from these authorities
whwther :ny letter of the 26th of April, 1845, is justly
chargeable with having misled the American public as
to the fact that the farther relaxation of the exclusion
of our fishermen from the great havs had been, at my
instance referred to the Colonial Office, and to the con
sideraiion of her Majesty’s government. Should the
entire despatch from Lord Stanley to Lord Falkland,
of the lvln May, 145, ever lie published, I apprehend
that it will still more plainly show this, which is appa
rent from the fragment of it that has appeured at llali
fix. but also that ihe reasonableness of the American
argument had been practically re-cognised by’ her Ma
jesty's gov eminent.
Lord Malmesbury alludes to two erroneous supposi
tions that prevailed, as he believes, in the United
States last summer; one, that it was the intention of
her Majesty's govenmeut to revoke the concession of
1845, relative to the Bay of Fundy : and the other, that
notwithstanding the express terms of the convention,
American fishermen are privileged, either bv usage or
right, to fish upon any part of the British coast within
three marine miles of the shore.
I have already remarked on the uncertainty which
existed on the first point, as to the real design of the
British naval movement. As far as I atu aware, the
misapprehensions in this respect were as extensive in
England as in America. With regard to the second
supposed error, whatever suggestion to that effect may
have been thrown out in the heat of unpremeditated
debate. 1 can only say that it bus never happened tome
to tall in with any person who entertained the opinion.
Lord Malmesbury himself, on the next page of his des
patch. says: ‘ Her Majesty’s government are not aware
that it has at any time been maintained by the govern
ment of the United .States that there can be, or that
there has ever been supposed to be, the slightest doubt
that her Majesty’s government are not only entitled,
but bound, to maintain that distance free from encroach
ment.”
Lord Malmesbury remarks, tlint the encroachments
of the. French were included with those of the Ameri
cans, in the notice given by Mr. Crampton to the late
Secretary of State of the sth of July last. This cet
taiuly showed that no exclusive art ion was contem
plates! against American fishermen, and was accord
ingly calculated to mitigate the alarm which for a short
time prevailed. The imnortaiice which Lor.l Uilavu.
bury justly attaches to the joint mention of the siq<-
posed encroachments, both of Franco and the United
States, in the notice given by Mr Crampton on the
sth of July, makes it a matter of some regret that in
the Queen's speech, at the opening of the present ses
sion of Parliament, the American encroachments only
are mentioned as the cause of the naval movement.
I have already disclaimed the intention of going into
a general discussion of the fishery question, hut 1
think it proper to allude to one important misapprehen
sion in the British argument, which, though it has, no
doubt, had the chief agency in producing the difference
of opinion between the two governments as to the true
intent of the convention of 1818, has not, I believe,
been pointed out in the diplomatic discussions between
the l oiled Stales and Great Britain. Lord Aberdeen,
in his note of the l<lth March, announcing the re
laxation as to the Bay of Fundy, thus expresses lam sell:
“ Her Majesty’s Government must still maintain, and
in this view thev are fortified by high legal authority,
that the Bay of Bundy is rightfully claimed bv Great
Britain as a bay within the meaning of the treaty of
1816. And they equally maintain the [H/sition which
was laid down in the note of the undersigned, dated the
15th of April last, that with regard to the other bays
on the British American coast, no United States fisher
man has, under that convention, the right to fish within
three miles of the entrance of sneli bays as designated
by a line drawn from headland to headland of that en
trance.”
The “high legal authority” here referred to was not
communicated to me by Lord Aberdeen, and is believed
never to have been communicated to tbe government
of tbe United States. But I think Ido not err in sup
jKising the allusion to be the opinion signed by J. 1 ><<!-
eon and Thomas Wilde, then the law officers of the
crown, given on a requisition of Lord l’almerston in
184;. In this opinion, which has been published at
Halifax, these distinguished jurists snv “that no right
exists on the part of American citizens to enter the
havs of Nova Scotia, there to take fish, although the
fishing being within the hay may In- at a greater distance
than three miles from the shore of the bay, as we are
of opinion that the term headland is used in the treaty
to express the part of the land we have before men
tioned, excluding the interior of the bays and the inlets
oi the coast.”
Now, neither the term “headland,” nor anything
equivalent or synonymous, occurs in the convention of
181-; and this legal authority which, no doubt, was
mainly instrumental in leading the home government
to adopt tbe colonial construction of the treaty, rests
in this respect upon an imaginary basis. The law offi
cers of the crown appear to have mistaken a sentence
in tlieeg parte cose made up at Halifax, in which the
word headland appear-, for a part of the treaty between
tlie United States and Great Britain, which thev were
required to expound. The government of the United
States cannot but regret that an otlieial opinion which
had the edict of reversing the construction of the con
vention on which Great Britain had acted from 1818 to
1 -12, which excluded our fishermen from some of the
best fishing grounds after the undisturbed enjoyment
of a quarter of a century, and finally brought the
countries to the verge of a deplorable collision, should
have been given by the law officers of the crown with
out a more careful perusal of the text of the treaty.
I wish before closing this dispatch, to call your atten
tion to a very important point connected with ibis gene
ral subject. In Lord Aberdeen’s letter to me of the
10th of March, 1845, announcing the intention of the
Queen’s government to allow our fishermen to enter the
Bay of Fundy, his Lordship says:—
“ In thus communicating to .Mr. Everett the liberal in
tention of her Majesty’s government, the undersigned
desires to call Mr. Everett’s attention to the fact, that
the produce of the labor of the British colonial fisher
men is at the present moment excluded, by prohibitory
duties on the p/art of the United States, from the mar
ket of that country ; and the undersigned would sub
mit to Mr. Everett that the moment at which the Brit
ish government arc making a liberal concession to the
United States trade, might well be deemed favorable
for a counter-concession on the part of the United
States to British trade, by the reduction of the duties
which operate so prejudicially to the interests of the
British colonial fishermen.”
Having no instructions on this subject, l was able
only to reply to it in general terms, that the govern
ment of the United States, I was persuaded, would
gladly make any reduction in these duties which would
not seriously injure our own fishermen; but that the
encouragement of this portion of tlie sea-taring com
munity had always been considered in the United
States as in Great Britain, as resting on peculiar grounds
of expediency.
In tlie following year, however, and notwithstanding
the colonial opposition had, in the meantime, led the
home government to abandon the liberal intention of
opening all the other outer bays to American fishermen,
the prohibitory specific duties of w hich Lord Aberdeen
complained were reduced to a moderate and uniform
ad valorem duty. By the operaiion of another law,
called the warehousing act, the fish of the colonies en
ters our ports in bond, duty free. In this condition it
can be afforded cheaper than our own fish, owing to the
enjoyment by the colonial fishermen of those superior
fishing grounds, and superior facilities for earn ing on
the business, which they secure with so much jealousy
to themselves. They consequently now monopolize
the foreign trade in our ports. Other domestic regula
tions to the disadvantage of our own fishermen, have
contributed to the same end. In this way a sudden
and pow erful impulse has been given to the Importation
of colonial fish into the United States. It was stated
in the Ilonse of Representatives in debate last summer,
by a very well informed member ‘Mr. Seudder of Mas
sachusetts) that the annual value of the imports of cod
fish during the four years next preceding 1546, averaged
five thousand eight hundred and fifty dollars, and the
trerage value, annually, (luring tbe nxi four years,
MACON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY, MAY 11, 1853.
was fifty-five thousand one hundred and s-noa;v-eighl
dollars. The annual value of the imports of mackerel
for the four years previous to 1846, was two hundred
and nineteen thousand six hundred and tweutv-six
dollars, and the annual value for ilic four wars succeed
ing 1846, was four hundred and sixty-five thousand
eight hundred and six dollars; showing that since 18-46
the importation of colonial codfish had increased ten
fold, and that of mackerel more than doubled. The
import oi’ mackerel for the year I.BfrV-’SI was fire hun
dred and forty-nine thousand five hundred and twenty
three dollars, being an increae of eigbiy-tliree thousand
seven hundred and nineteen dollars, over the average
of the preceding four years.
Such was the treatment of colonial fish in the ports
of the United States, while the fishing internal in ihe
colonies was steadily urging upon the home govern
ment, those complaints of the encroachments''of the
American fishermen, w hich led to the naval movement
of last summer. Ts, as Lord Malmesbury iutimwtc-d to
Mr. Lawrence, the late ministry wets’ somewhat remiss
in putting a stop to those alleged encroachments, it
was probably because they saw that the colonies were
puiiiiig a hundred told more in the markets of the
United States than they could lose fioin an American
fisherman occasionally, by inadvertence or even design,
piussing the line of the convention in the eager pursuit
ot a slio.il of.mackerel. While the United States were
reducing duties on colonial fish,and opening their mar
kets to its importation, it was probably deemed inexpe
dient to allow the colonic* to enforeo too keenly their
monopoly ol the best lishing grounds. Admitting
them, as we did, to a competition with out fishermen,
which has given them in our own ports the. exclusive
possession of our foreign trade, the Unit'd States
seemed to have earned a title to some little indulgence,
instead of increased strictness in the exclusion of their
vessels from a competition in those prolific waters,
whose inexhaustible abundance remains unditiinished
after the resort of two centuries and a half; and in
which the gain of one implies no loss to another.
I have called your attention to these fuels—ito which
I do Hot recollect to have seen any allusion on t our
side ot the water last summer—in order to show you
tost it, on the one hand, some encroachments have,
trom time to time, been made by our fishenten on the
reserved lishing grounds—a thing impossible to pre
tent, and of little serious injury — the colonists have, in
the meantime, been greatly favored by our legislation.
Her Majesty s government will find in this fact the as
surance that we an* predisposed to arrange the whole
question of the fisheries on a fair and equitable prin
ciple of mutual and equal privilege and favor. 1 hope,
in a ten short time, to be able to enter 11 son the nogo-
Ciatiou with Mr. Crampton; and it is tlie President’s
desire that it should be conducted on the footing of the
most liberal reciprocity. He will deem it a piece of
good fortune it, among the last acts of his administra
tmn, should be a measure calculated to strengthen the
friendly relations ot the two countries.
As this subject may be one of parliamentary inquiry,
and lead to the production of papers, you will read tins
despatch to the Lari of Malmesbury, and leave a copy
of it with him. 1 ”
I remain, with great respect, vour obedient servant,
_ D EDWARD EVERETT.
1 ■ December 23 - — The foregoingdespatch,as its
date shows, was prepared some time ago; and though
it had already been submitted to the President for his
approval, T had made up tny mind to isk his permis
sion to withhold it. The conferences between Mr.
( rampton and m vself, in reference to t ie entire ques
tion 0! the fisheries and commercial reciprocity, having
made the most encouraging progress, 1 thought it bet
ter, upon the whole, to acquiesce in flic injustice, 110
doubt unintentional, done to mv government, to tny
predecessor, and myself, in Lord Malmesbury’s loiter
to Mr. Crampton,of the 10th of August, than to revive
a somewhat unpleasant discussion. But there are
some portions ot Lord Malmesbury’s remarks, in reply
to Lord \\ liarncliffe on the 26th of November, as re
ported in the London papers, which make it impossible
for me to pursue this course.
I am aware of the irregularity of remarking on what
is i-uid within the walls of the legislature of a friendly
Nate; but Lord Malmesbury has commented on tbe
debate in the Senate of the United States in July last,
and he will not, under the present circumstances, denv
me the right of following his example.
1 ulittdo to the first portion of Lord Malmesbury’s
reply’ to Lord \V harnclitfe, in yvhicli he endeavors to
throw upon the American government, and individu
ally, upon ntv predecessor the responsibility of tbe
alarm of last summer about the fisheries, and even
ascribes it (if he is correctly reported, which I am yvil
ling to believe is not the case) to a very unrvorthy mo
tive. _ Now, L must sav more distinctly than I have
done in the preceding letter, that Mr. Lawrence’s de
spatches of the loth imd 13th of August led us to sup
pose that her Majesty’s government felt that they laid
acted precipitately in directing a naval movement to
ward the fishing grounds, on a notice to this govern-
both too Mhort nnd too jreneratWo boos any use*
We aid not ask or expect that, any admission to this
effect should be made diplomatically-or othenvise; but
yve certainly did not expect to have the hlaiqc trans
ferred to ourselves, yvith the imputation of unbecoming
motives.
After stating that there was no just cause for the
publication of Mr. Webster’s notice of the 20th of July,
Lord Malmesbury is reported to have said :—“ The
noble lord who had just sat down, and who had been
for some time a resident iu tbe United States, and yvho
knew the influences which periodical events exercised
in those localities, might perhaps be able to account for
the appearance at that time of a correspondence, which
at another period might never have seen the light.”
And a little further on, Lord Malmesbury ascribes tlie
preparation of the notice to the excitement induced by
the disease, whose fatal determination lie handsomely
laments—a suggestion, by the w’av, not in perfect har
mony yvith the imputed motive of political calculation.
But fiord Malmesbury may be assured that the alarm
felt by Mr. Webster, and shared by the President and
all the members of the Cabinet, was deep and unaffect
ed. It yvas caused by information received directly
from the provinces. Although Mr. Webster’s notice
was published on the 2oth July, and for the sake of
official form was dated at Washington, Mr. Crampton’s
note of the sth of July had never been seen bv Mr.
Webster, who left Washington that day; nor, if it had
been seen by him, yvas it of a nature to relieve tbc
alarm justly caused by the information transmitted
from the colonies. Not yvishing to prolong this post
script, I forbear to enlarge on the character of this in
formation, and to show, as I could easily do, that it
could not but have produced a state of great alarm on
the part of our fishing interest. If Lord Malmesbury
will reconsider for a moment the necessary’ inferences
from his imputation (hitherto confined to the party
press, for which, during a canvass, nothing is too ab
surd;, he yvill feel its extravagance, not to say its cruelty
to the living and dead. It implies that Mr. Webster—
of whom in the latter part of Ills speech Lord Malmes
bury speaks in liberal terms, (though limiting his
eulogy to a ]>eriod subsequent to the appearance of the
notice of the 30th of July)—yvas capable of getting up,
for electioneering purposes, a false and short-lived
alarm, which, for the time, menaced the peace of the
two countries, but was sure to be exposed by the return
of thi! English mail; conduct, to say the least, which
would have been as weak as wicked. What Lord
Malunsbnrv is reported to have called a “correspon
dence,” and a “letter,” which might not have seen the
light but for the recurrence of certain “periodical
events,” yvas no correspondence nor letter, but a notice
addressed to our fishermen. It yvas nothing if not
published, and it must be published then or never.
With respect to the “influence of political events”
for the existence of yvhich in the United States, Lord
Malmesbury avouches the personal observation of Lord
WhamclitTe, I may be permitted to sav that 1 have re
sided much longer in England than Lord W. has done
in America, and have carefully observed the country
under the operation of an event of the kind referred to
—that is a general election. I respect and admire the
popular institutions iu England, >lie fountain, to some
extent, of our own. I did not, however, bring away
from that country the impression that her distinguished
public men are less subject to electioneering influences
than our own of the same class. 1 believe the majority
of such men in both countries to be honest nu sin
cere ; and that, even when they err in judgment, they
transact the public business in good faith. T feel con
fident that Lord Malmesbury would deem it a just snb
ject of complaint if, in an official statement to Congress,
1 should, having denied all foundation in fact and reu
son to a certain portion of the sayings or doings of her
Majesty’s ministers last summer, during the progress
of the election, which was going on simultaneously yvith
our own canvass, have imputed to them the motive by
which Lord Malmesbury, in effect, accounts for the
publication of Mr. Webster’s notice of the 20th of
July.
This much 1 have been constrained to say. from a
sense of duty to this government and to Mr. Webster ;
feeling that substantial injustice would be done to both,
in leaving without any notice the remarks made by
Lord Malmesbury, both in his letter to Mr. Crampton,
communicated by his direction to this department, and
in his reply to Lord Wharncliffe of the 26th of Novem
ber.
The Kossuth Affair in Loudon has excited very
general attention there. The proprietor of the rocket
factory, which was the place searched, and where the
seizures were made, publishes in the London papers a
statement to the effect that his establishment was noth
ing moje than a factory for the making of patented ar
ticles. The ivar rockets made are the invention of his
father, who has spent £2",000 pounds in perfecting
them. Those seized he had made three years ago, and
had repeatedly endeavored to sell them to the British
Government, but without effect. lie says that his fa
ther intends to commence legal proceedings against the
Government immediately, and to emineat counsel to
prosecute his cause. An article in the London Sunday
Times says tliut a meeting of Kossuth’s friends had
been held at his cottage, at yvhich it was determined to
prosecute the Dailv Times for having oharged Kossuth
with implication in the affair. In the course of this
meeting Kossuth declared that w hile residing in Eng
land he was not engaged in any conspitacy against
Austria, nor in procuring arms to revive hostilities in
Hungary, as he depends upon Hungary itself for or
ganization, men, arms, Ac-, when the proper time shall
arrive.
T The celebrated Robert Owen, of England, has
become a convert to “ spiritual rappingtt.”
Scripti'Be v. Bloomer.—“ The woman shall not
wear that which pertaineth unto a man, neither shall a
man put on a woman’s garment; for all that do so are
abomination to the Lord thy God.’’—Dent, xxii, 5.
Professional and Business Men.
[Professional and Bt sivkss Cards will be inserted
under this head, at the following rates, viz:
For three lines, j>er annum * 5 no
“ Seven lines, do oy
“ Ten lines, do 12 00
u Twelve lines, do 15 00
No advertisement of this class will be admitted, un
less paid for iu advance, nor for a less term thau twelve
months. Advertisements of over twelve lines will be
charged pro kata. Advertisements not paid for in ad
vance, will be charged at the regular rates.]
REGULAR MEETINGS
OF MASONS, KNIGHT TEMPLARS, ODI) FEL
LOWS AND SONS OF TEMPERANCE,
liEi.D ix Tin: errv ok mu'O.v
MASONS.
Grand Lodge of Georgia, tin- 1858, November Ist.
Macon Lodge, No. 5, tirst and third Monday nights in
each month.
Constantine Chapter, No. 4, second Moudav night in
each month.
Washington Council, No. 0, 4th Monday night in each
month.
St. Oiner’s Encampment Knights Templar, No. 2,
Quarterly Sessions: commencing on the second
Mondays of Eebruarv and May. and third Mon
day in August, and Tuesday before the first Mon
day iu November.
t)l>l> FELLOWS.
Grand Lodge, first Wednesday in June.
Grand Encampment, Tuesday previous.
Franklin Lodge, No. 2, every Thursday evening,
l.nited Brothers, No. 5, every Wednesday evening.
Macon Union Encampment, No. a, first and third
Tuesday evenings in each month.
SONS OF TEMPERANCE.
Grind Division, fourth Wednesday in Oct., annually.
Tomochiciii Division, first and third -Monday nights in
each month.
Amaranth Division, every Friday night.
J. W. PATTERSON,
4 TTORNEV AT LAW'-EORSYTII. Ga.
J\. ■ 46 ly
DANIEL W. MILLER.
XT'ORMERLY of Lanier, ATTORNEY AT LAW,
1 BUTLER, GA. jan 12 41-ts
E. G. CABANISS,
VTTOKNEY AT LAW, FORS Y TII, G A., will
practice in the Flint and adjoining counties of the
Macon Circuit. jan 5 40-ts
HALL & CAREY.
4 TTOKNEYS AT LAW, MACON, GA., will prae
1V tice in the counties of Bibb, Monroe, Upson, Pike
and Spaulding.
Ollice over Dr. W. G. Little's Drug Store.
oct 18 Robt. B. Hall, John” J. Cart. 2S-ly
W. A. HAWKINS,
\TTOUNEY AT LAW, AMERICA'S, SUMTER
COUNTY, GA., having removed his resilience to
the town of Americas, tenders his professional services
to his old clients, and as many new ones us may favor
him with their patronage. sep 15—21 ly
GEORGE MOORE. JR..
VTTORXEY AT LAW , BUTLER, TAYLOR CO.,
GA., will punctually attend to all business entrus
ted to his care, in Crawford, Macon, Taylor, and the
adjoining counties. may 12 6-]y
HAWKINS & WALLACE,
VTTORXEYS AT LAW, STARKVII.LE, GEO.,
having formed a partnership, will attend promptly
to all business entrusted to them.
W. A. HAWKINS, WILLIAM WALLACK.
dec 15 87-1 y
P. & E. D. TRACY,
4 TTORNEYS AT LAW. MACON, GA., will pme
-1 V lice in the Superior Courts of the Macon Circuit,
aug 18 20~ly
TEXAS LAND AGENCY.
I’ W. LAWRENCE, ATTORNEY AT LAW—
• Austin*, Texas, will pay particular attention to
secure to the heirs of those who fell with Fanning, at
Goliad, and with Travis, at the Alamo—the land to
which they are entitled. He will also attend to any
business relative to Lund in any part of the State.
References in Macon, A. R. Freeman, Dr. Robert
Collins. Also, Messrs. Lamar J: Lochntne, who will
attend to potting papers in proper form for adjustment.
Montgomery, July, 1852. july 28 17-lv
IMPORTANT TO PERSONS INTER
ESTED IN SOUTHWEST GEORGIA LANDS.
The subscriber will devote his whole attention to the
examination and surveying of lands in the counties of
Baker, Early, Decatur, Irwin and Thomas.
His fees for examining lauds will be flO per lot.
“ “ “ traveling and showing
persons the situation of their lands #lO “ day.
Fur a correct map of a district 2
Being the County Surveyor of Baker countv, there
is no one who better understands the situation or qual
ity of lands iu the county. Office in Albany, Ga.
t. g. Westfall, co. surv’r,
oct e 27-ly Baker Cos., Ga.
MEDICAL CARD.
DR. TITEO. D. if ATHEWS offers his professional
services to his friends and the public generally.—
I x'T” Olf.ee in Concert Hall Building.
Macon. Feb. 16 46-ly
R. CURD,
C COMMISSION MERCHANT, MACON, GA.—All
J kinds of Merchandise and Produce received on
consignment.
/~10-PARTNEKSIIII\ The undersigned have
V J this day formed a partnership under the name and
style of STARKE A BRYSON, for the transaction of
a general Commission Business iu the citv of Savan
nah. W. W. STAKIvE,
HARPER C. BRYSON.
Savannah, Oct. 2, 1852. oct 13 2s-lv
CHARLES DAY,
COMMISSION MERCHANT, NEW YORK.—C.
Day A Cos., will advance on consignments to the
above address. apr 6 ’SB 1-lv
I. W. MORRELL & CO.,
OIANO AND FURNITURE STORK, SMET'S
I BUILDING, BROUGHTON-ST, SAVANNAH,
GA. N. F. WEBSTKII. I. w. MOKKKI.L,
July 28 17—ts
STONE. STARR & 00.,
IMPORTERS and wholesale dealers in DRY GOODS
. No. 41, BROADWAY, NEW YORK.
LKVI I’. STUNK, KG BERT STARR,
henry h. stotksbury, h. lanoon bitlkk,
july 21 JONA J. BROOM. 16—ly*
MACON WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
SADDLERY WAREHOUSE.
; W. T. MIX A CO., Cotton Avenue, Menu
• Vfacturers of Saddles, Bridles and Harness,
have on hand a good assortment of Saddles,
Bridles and Harnesses, ol which the following comprise
a part: Spanish Quilted, Overlaid and Shafton Saddles;
Planter’s large and extra large Saddles; Men's plain
do.; English do.; Boy’s and Race do.; Ladies’ Saddles
of a variety of patterns; Bridles and Martengales;
Saddle-bags, Ac.
Saddler's Materials.—Saddle Trees, Skirting and
Hog Skins; Pad do.; Straining and Worsted Web;
Thread and Tacks, assorted sizes.
Harnesses. Coach, Barouche, Buggy and Sulky
Harnesses, of all kinds, by the single set.’
dec 1 55-ts
BOOKS! BOOKS!
\ LARGE and elegant assortment of Farnilv Bibles,
beautifully adapted to “ Progress,” and our “ mani
fest destiny,” having copious and classified ‘ Family Re
cords.” Macaulay’s Speeches; Napoleon in Exile, or a
Voice from St. Helena; Abbott’s series of Histories
for the Young; Irving’s Choice Works; the Abbots
ford and Boston editions of Scott’s Works; Webster’s
Unabridged Dictionary; Bancroft's sth vol. History U.
States. A large and well selected lot of Law Books, —
all the late and improved editions. Staudard Medical
\\ oiks, School Books, Blank Books, of all descriptions,
Drawing Paper, Black and colored Cravons, Crayon
Paper, Faber’s Pencils, and the imitation; Water
Colors in boxes or single cake. A large assortment of
elegant Engravings, and other articles, too numerous to
bring to the eye of a busy public all at once.
In matters mostly'good or partly ill,
The writer holds to “ broken doses ” still.
J. M. BOAKBMAN.
DAMASK FOR CURTAINS.—6-4 Worsted
Damask with Gimps, Cords, Tassels Ac.; also
rich Embroidered Muslins. O. W. PRICE,
mar 23 51
REMOVAL.
undersigned, having removed his stock of Gro
-1 ceries, to the store under the Flovd House, on
Third street, a few doors below Messrs. Carhart A Rolf,
and nearly opposite the Agency of the Bank State of
Georgia, is now prepared to accommodate his custom
ers as usual, with a choice stock of Groceries, Country
Produce, Corn, Flour, Bacon, Lard, Ac. Ac., which
he will dispose of at lowest cash prices,
apr 8 1 -ts T. C. DEMPSEY.
I POTATOES.—SO barrels of fine Irish Potatoes,
1. for sale by C. A. ELLS A SON
C. H. FREEMAN,
MANUFACTURER of Candies, Cordials, Simps,
Ac., under the office of the Georgia Citizen.
Balls, Parties, and Families furnished with Cake, etc.,
at short notice, and on reasonable terms, for the Cash.
N. B.—All orders from the country accompanied with
the cash, will m;t with prompt attention,
dec 17 * 38-ts
FLOUR-AGENCY ATLANTA MILLS.
r pHE -SUBSCRIBER having the agenev of the above
X mills, keeps on hand a constant supply of “Super
fine” and “ Extra Family ” brands.
The “ Superfine ” is made of the best Georgia and
Tennessee wheat, and is equal, il not superior, to
Northern Flour of that brand.
The “ Extra Family ” is made of pure Northern
IVkite Wheat, and those wanting Fiour of extra-fins
quality will find it equal to any “Premium” brands
made in the L nited States, and the advantage of getting
it fresh around front mills at home.
For sale to the trade at Mill prices, with freight add
ed; also, at retail, by A. J. WHITE,
mar 2 48
I\ISSOLI’TIONi. —The co-partnership of AD-
J ERHOLI), JOHNSON A CO., was this day dis
solved by mutual consent. The undersigned has bought
..ut the interest of E. J. Jeffers and E. T. Johnson, his
iate co-partners, and will hereafter conduct the business
in his own name.
He alone will wind up the business of the late film,
and all settlements must be made with him onlv.
Macon. Dec 21, 1852. J. W. ADERHOLD.
t- The subscriber returns his thanks to his old
friends and customers for their past patronage, and
informs them that he will continue the business at the
present stand, where he will be pleased to receive their
calls.
All ;>rsons indebted to the late old linn of Johnson
A Aderhold, and also to the late firm of Aderhold, John
son A Cos., are requested to settle their respective ac
counts to said firms, with me, immediately, or they
will be placed in the haudsof an Attorney forcollection.
dec 29 22 ts J. W. ADERHOLD.
FANCY CONFECTIONARY AND GROCERY.
T IL DAMOUR, still at his old stand, Mulberry
f / • street, two doors below the Lanier House, keeps
the finest Liquors and Wines that will be found any
where, mostly ull of his own direct importation—such as
Brandy, Holland Gin, Jamaica Rum, Scotch and Irish
Whiskey, Champagne, Burgundy, Bordeaux, Malaga,
Sherry, and Maaeria Wines of first choice, Segars and
Tobacco, dried and green Fruits, Butter, Cheese, Crack
ers, dried Beef] Beei Tongues, canvassed Hams, pickled
Beef and Pork, Candies and Nuts of all sorts. Cheap
for CASH. oct 6 27-ts
FRESH CANDIES. FRUITS, NUTS, Ac.
/ COUNTRY MERCHANTS, and others, supplied on
y y moderate terms, with plain and ornamental Can
dies, Raisins, Oranges, Apples, Butter, Sugar and Bos
ton Crackers, etc. Also, Segars, Tobacco and Pipes.
Having obtained the services of a finished Handy
Maker, from New York, and using best White Sugar,
we warrant these Candies to stand the climate.
The above articles, and all sorts of Drugs and Medi
cines, f..r sale by J. H. A W. S. ELLIS,
Between Messrs. E. Bond and A. J. White, Cherry
st., Macon, Ga. nov 24 34-ts *
HENRY L. DURE.
House, Sign and Ornamental Painter,
I) ESPECTFULLY announces to his friends, the
1 citizens of Macon, and its vicinity, that he has
opened a Painting establish menton 4th street, just above
the West side of the market, where he will execute
Painting in all its branches; also Gilding, Glazing,
Graining, Bronzing, imitation of Marble, Paper Hang
ing, Ac.
Old furniture carefully re-varnished. Mixed Paints
in small or large quantities constantly on hand,
mar 30 52-ly H. L. DURE.
GREAT ATTRACTION 1
MRS. F. DESSAU has now opened, and is (3
receiving almost dailv. New Goods, in ad
dition to her full stock of MILLINERY anri-SU-v
FANCY GOODS.
Just received, afresh invoice of Splendid Dress Trim
mings. Always on hand, a full assortment of Ribbons,
Flowers, Gloves, Fans, Corsets, Dress Silks, Mantillas,
Embroideries, and many articles for Ladies’ Toilets.—
She would particularly call the attention of the Ladies
to her stock of splendid BONNETS, HEAD DRESSES
and LADIES’ CAPS. She hopes that by assiduous
attention, she will enjoy the kind patronage of the La
dies, which she most respectfully solicits.
All orders for Dress Makiug executed at the
shortest notice. apr 13 2-ts
Bacon, Lanl, Corn, Rye, Oats, Peas
Flour, &c.
r UMIE subscribers are constantly receiving on consign-
I ment, and will be regularly supplied during the
season, with
TENNESSEE PRODUCE
of every description, to which they invite the attention
of dealers and customers.
JUST RECEIVED
40,000 lbs. of Edmondson’s Superfine Flour, in Sacks
of assorted sizes tor retailing, a line article.
mar 23 51-6 m PATTEN A COLLINS.
I DECEIVED BY L4TE ARRIVALS, a
I 4 choice lot of Fine Gold and Silver Watches, Chains,
Seals, Diamonds, and other JEWELRY, Cuff Pius,
etc., for sale low for cash or approved credit, bv
jan 19 42-ts E. J. JOHNSTON.
OATS, RYE AND CORN.
A A BUSHELS SEED OATS —from Tennessee;
)UU 200 “ Rye;
1000 “ Corn; for sale bv
fob 23 47 C. CAMPBELL A CO.
HEMOYAL. -J. S. GRAYBILL A CO., have
I V removed to No. 7, Arcade Building, Cotton Ave
nue, nearly opposite their old stand, where they are
now opening a fresh stock of choice F'nmily Groceries
and Provisions.
TEN NESSEJE FLOUR, BACON A LARD.
J. 75 bbls Tennessee Flour;
20,000 lbs new Bacon ;
8,000 lbs prime Leaf Lard, in kegs and barrels.
Epicures will find the Hams in the above lot of Ba
con of superior quality, cut in Baltimore and Cincinnati
style. mar 2 A. J. WHITE.
4 NOTHER YANKEE INVENTION—A
X \ GOOD ONE!—Just received a lot of SELF
HEATING SMOOTHING IKONS, anew and desira
ble article. For sale by E. B. WEED,
dec 22 ‘ 88-ts
/ tORN MEAL AND WHEAT BRAN.—
V From Atlanta Mills, for sale by the quantity,
inar 2 A. J. WHITE^
4 GENCY PLANTERS FACTORY, Butts
XTA Ho, Ga.—Osnaburgs, Yarns and Cotton Rope, a
supply constantly on hand and for sale bv
A.* J. WHITE,
Agt. Planters Factory.
Wool wanted for the above Factory, for which
the market price will he paid. * A. J. W.
mar 2
BOOTS. —A full assortment of Gents, fine French
< alf Boots, pump sole, welted and water proof, of
various kinds and qualities, both sewed and pegged.—
Just received and for sale low bv
oct 13 25 mix a kirtland.
BIRD CAGES—Just received and for sale a large
assortment of Mocking and Canurv Bird Cages.
feb 23 47 b. a. Wise a co.
(1 AN DIES • —SOO lbs. Steam Refined Candy; 100 j
J lbs C’ocoaimt Cream Handv—just received and for
■•‘ale by fob 2 U J. 8/ GRAYBILL A CO.
li IRAN DOLES, Chandeliers and Lard Lamps,
V I for sale at low prices by E. J. JOHNSTON.
dec 22 38
HAMS ! HAMS ! !—Just received a small lot of
very fine sugar-cured Hams, for sale by
J. S. GRAYBILL A CO.
oct 6 37-ts No. 7, Arcade Building, Cot. Ave.
HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS and Domes
tic Hardware—a general assortment for sale by
feb 23 47 B. A. WISE A C<s.
TINT RECEIVED —A fine lot of silver Plated
f I and Britannia Castors. Also, a large lot of Look
ing Glasses—large and small —at small prices.
R. P. McEVOY,
nov 24 84-ts Triangular Block, 2nd st.
SI LVF.K \V A RE —A large invoice, Forks, Spoons,
Fish, Pie and Butter Knives, Ac.; just received and
for sale by E. J. JOHNSTON,
mar 9 41,
riMN WARE.—Always on hand, a large assort-
X ment of the best material and make, at wholesale
or retail. Tin roofing and tin work of all kinds done
at the shortest notice,By
fob 23 47-1 It B. A. WISE A CO.
IT* LOU R.—300 Sacks Atlanta Mills superfine Flour
. just received aud for sale by
mm’ 16 50 GEO. T. ROGERS.
MACKEREL, —160 packages Nos. 1, 2 and 8
Mackerel, in whole, half and quarter bbls.; just
received by mar 16 50 GEO. T. ROGERS.
TJOTATOES. - bbls. Yellow Potatoes; 80 do
-1 Geuuiue Mercer do., in prime order, and for sale as
$2 per barrel, mar 16 50 GEO. T. ROGERS.
VEW MACKEREL.-50 packages new Mackerel
I.N for sale by A. J. WHITE,
mar 2
A I EATS.—§ barrels of this Fall cured pig hams,
If l dried beef, family corned beef, tongues, Ac., for
gale by ‘ C. A. ELLS A SON.
NEW ARRIVALS
OF SPRING CASSIMERES AND VEBTTNGS,
AA J'HICH will be made up by the best workmen and
\ \ warranted to fit.
Prices much less than the usual rates, for cash.
C. H. BAIRD,
next door to J. Barnes’ Book Store, Mulberry St.
apr IS 2-1 m
Mathematical instruments re- 1
ceiyed by Express, for sale by .
*pr 27 4 E. J. JOHNSTON.
VOL. XXXI.—NO. 6.
DENTISTRY—WITH ITS IMPROVEMENTS.
DR. G. McDONALD would respect
lull}* call attention to his new and
proved mode of putting up and inserting ‘f r yif
artificial teeth. The teeth, gums, and
place, are all cemented together by heat, making solid
work, and inserted on the atmospheric pressure plat,
presenting a peifoctlv life-like appearance, ol teeth ami
gums, and possessing in every respect a decided supe
riority over block teeth, single gunt teeth, or any other
mode that has hitherto been practiced.
Since the partnership between McDonald A Gallager
has been dissolved, Dr. McDonald has associated with
him in the practice Dr. James McDonald, who he feels
authorised in recommending as a gentleman of skill
and integrity. As they have prepared themselves for
an extensive business in all branches of the profession,
despatch, as well as care and skill may be expected in all
their operations. Terms: either cash down or when
culled tor. jan 19-42-ts
INFIRMARY FOR NEGROES.
r |’ , IIE undersigned announce to the public, that hav-
X ing experienced the want of some suitable plaen
lor the aeoommodatjon of sick Negroes, brought froni
the country for the purpose of being placed under pro
fessional treatment, they are about opening au INFIR
MARY, in a quiet part of the city, furnished with
proper attendants, furniture and appliances, where all
the wants of servants requirimj snryical operations or
medical treatment for chronic diseases, will be appro
priately supplied. 0. B. NOTTINGHAM, M. D.
}uly 7 14-lv G. HARRISON, M. D.
FINDLAY’S IRON WORKS, MACON, GA
T piliS new establishment is now in operation and
.1 fitted out on a scale as extensive as any Foundry
in the Southern country. The increased facilities of
the proprietor euables him to say that the execution of
his work shall be equal to that of the first class estab
lishments at the North, and his prices and terms shall
be equally favorable. The principal articles made and
for sale, are as follows:
STEAM ENGINES and BOILERS, of anv required
form and size; CIRCULAR, SINGLE and GANG
SAW MILLS, on the most approved plan, by steam
or water power.
Machinery for Flouring and Grist Mills, Sugar Mills,
Syrup Boilers, Bullock s Cotton Press, Gin Gearing,
Bark Mills, Car Wheels, Iron Castings, Hodgkiss Wa
ter Wheels, French Burr, Esopus and Cologne Mill
Stones, Brass Castings, Parker’s Water Wheels,
mar 23 51-ly ROB’T FINDLAY, Proprietor.
NOTICE.
VW. MARSHALL having taken possession of
• the store recently occupied by Graves A Rod
gers, is prepared to offer to his friends and the public
generally, a large and well selected stock of DRY
GOODS and GROCERIES, at wholesale and retail.—
Having selected for my motto: “Small Profits and
Quick Pet-urns,” I feel assured that those who may fa
vor me with a call, will be fully satisfied, both with my
GOODS and PRICES. Special attention will be given
t<® orders, and saiisfkction guaranteed. Among my
stock may he found the following articles:
125 bales Gunny Bagging
400 coils best Kentucky Rope
150 bags Rio and 12 bags Old Java Coffee
50 hhds. Porto Rico and St. Croix Sugars
75 bbls. Refined A. B. A. C. Sugars
sf* bbls. crushed and pulverized Sugars
4” boxes Tobacco, all grades.
Also, Salt, Molasses, Bacon, Lard, Butter, Cheese,
Mackerel, Teas, Soap, Starch, Candles, Candies, Oils,
Paint, Drugs, Blaukets, Kerseys, and many other arti
cles to numerous to mention. sep 15—ts
SPLENDID NEW SPRING MILLINERY
FOR 1853.
MRS. M. CAREY is now opening and^^ta
receiving at her old stand, opposite theßPg*
Lanier House, anew and beautiful stock of Spring
and summer MILLINERY A FANCY GOODS, com
prising all the different styles of STRAW, SON TAG,
ALBONY, LACE, SILK’ and FANCY BONNETS,
CAPS, HEAD DRESSES, Ac. Also, LACE. SILL
EMBROIDERED and plain MANTILLAS auci Mantel
let*, Laces, Swiss Embroidered Dress Trimmings, to
gether with every article usually kept in her line, all of
which will be sold at the lowest possible figure.—Mrs.
C. invites the attention of her customers in the couutry
to call and examine her stock.
N. B.—Will be open on the 15th of April an entire
new stock of Hats and Bonnets. apr 6 1-ts
SPRING AND SUMICER HATB7CAPS AND STRAW
GOODS.
JUST received by recent arrivals direct from New
York, a full supply of Spring and Summer HATS
CAPS and STRAW GOODS, ol’ every variety of style
and quality. All selected with great care by myaelf ex
pressly for the Macon Market.
Anything wanted in the way of a hat, “what is a hat, ”
can be fouud on Second Street, two doors below Board
man’s Book Store.
A few cases of GEXIN’S Hats on hand.
apr 3 l-6m SAM’L. B. PALMER.
SODA WATER.
r I' , IIE SUBSCRIBERS, thankful for past patronage,
X would respectfully notify their friends and custo
mers, that they are now prepared to supply them with
this delightfti'l beverage, racked in boxes for the
country, in bottles from one to 50 dozen.
Orders punctually filled. As they have lately re
ceived a large large let of bottles, they can till all or
ders on short notice. C. A. ELLS A SON.
Citizen copy. apr 20 8--ts
E. B. WEED,
IMPORTER AND DEALER in English and Ameri
can Hardware, Cutlery, Iron, Nans, Hollow-Ware
and Tin Plate, at his old stand on Mulberry St., second
door above the Lanier House, oflers for safe on reason
able terms, the following articles:
500 Doz. Table Cutlery,
250 “ Pen and Pocket do.,
25 “ Razors,
25 “ Scissors and Shears,
50 “ Mineral Knob I-ocks and Latches; vari
ous patterns,
75 “ Pad Locks,
150 “ Drawer, Cupboard and Chest Locks,
200 “ Butt Hinges,
1500 lbs. Hook and Eye Hinges,
500 “ Plate,
500 Gross New England Wood Screws,
20 Kegs Wrought Nails and Spikes.
10 “ Griffin’s Horse Shoe Nails,
25 “ Horse Shoes,
150 Boxes Tin Plate,
6 tons Philadelphia Hollow-Ware,
Together with a full assortment of Blacksmith’s and
Carpenter’s Tools, Pitman’s Stirrup, Cranks and Mill
Saws, Buggy and Wagon Axles and Springs, Brass
Andirons, Shovel and Tongg, Cross-cut and Pit Saws,
Files ofevery description. Guns and Rifles, Trace, Log,
Fifth and Press Chains, Manilla Rope, Straw Cutters,
Corn Shellers, Ploughs, aud every other article usually
kept in a Hardware Store dec 29 39-ts
NEW SPRING GOODS.
r FMIE UNDERSIGNED is now receiving a splendid
X assortment of SPRING and SUMMER GOODS,
which have been carefully selected from first hands and
purchased for Cash, which he intends selling at such
E rices as he trusts will give general satisfaction to all
is patrons.
lie would invite attention to a portion of his present
stock —
SlLKS—Black Deßhine, various qualities; Lustring,
Figured aud Colored Silks.
Plain Plaid and Brocade, very rich, different qualities.
Grenadine Silk Robes, verv rich.
Silk Tissues, figured and plain.
Berages, figured, plaid and plain.
MOUSLINS.—Verv rich Organdy Mouslins.
Very rich Jaconet Mouslins.
Cheap figured “ “
Swiss Moualin Robes, very* handsome.
Berage “ “
Pointed Yal. Lace Collars, Chemizettes and Sleerea.
“ Jac. Muslin “ “ “
“ Swiss “ “ “ “
Damask Window Curtains, complete with Muslin and
Lace do. to correspond. Gimps, Cornices, Cord and
Tassels, Ac.
Linen and Cotton Sheetings, best quality, from 10
qr. to 12 qr. wide.
Bleeched and Brown Linen Damasks, a superior arti •
cle, any width.
Marseilles Quilts, large and pretty.
Furniture Dimity, from 3 qr. to 12 qr. wide.
Irish Linens, of every qality.
Oil Cloths, for passages, Ac.
Straw Matting, best article, all widths.
Super two and three ply Carpetings, with Rugs U*
correspond.
Gloves and Hosiery, a complete assortment of tin
best. W. W. PARKER,
No. 6, Cotton Avenue, Opposite Washington Hall,
mar 16 - - ■ 50-ts
4 XKS AND HOES.—2O doz. Collins’ Hartford
Axes; -
20 doz. Hunts’ Hartford Axes;
20 “ Collins’New York Axes;
20 “ H. Collins’ Axes ;
20 “ Archer’s Virginia Axes;
80 “ Brady’s No. 1 Patent Hoes;
80 “ “ “ 2 “ “
30 “ “ “2 “ “
100 “ Scovil’s No. 1,2, 8 and 4 Planter’s Hoes;
100 “ Phoenix No. 1,2, 3 and 4 “ “
For tale by E. B. WEED,
dec 22 88
ATTENTION PLANTERfU
YOUNG’S MAMMOTH CORN—price re
X duced. This celebrated Corn for planting, weight
62 lbs. to the bushel. Reduced price per Sack, $1 00-
Also, 50 bbls. Chattanooga Mills Superfine Flour,
mar 16 50 T. C. DEMPSEY, near Post Office.
SPRING MTLLENERY AND FANCY GOODS.
MRS. DAMOUR has just returned from New
York with a splendid assortment of iheSjwJ
above Goods, selected by herself for this
and consisting of a laree assortment of all new atvles
of Bonnets, Ribbons, Flowers, Laces, Silk Lace, Em
broidered Mantillas, Capes and Collars, all of new
styles, Tissue Silk, Organdy and other Dress Goods of
the finest quality. apr 4 1-ts
■ ii—m——irmn —n—nart—n *~