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JOURNAL & MESSENGER.
JAXES T. IfISBET AND SIMRI ROSE,
EDITORS.
From the Journal of Cam me ice.
Messrs. Editors:—As the Crystal Palace prows in
Tour city, a little poetry, by way of tribute to its rising
honors, might not lie amiss; such a structure being by
no means a w holly prosaic affair, but possessing quite a
mixed character. During the brilliant reign of the Crys
tal Palace in England, 1 had the pleasure of receiving
the following original piece from Titrkr, the poet, w ith
whom I formed an agreeable acquaintance during a
May day’s drive to Mount Vernon, spring was in its
bloom, the day long, and the sky cloudless, the tlowcrs
by the wav side beautiful, the Idlest trees massive and
majestic, ami Tupper was in a glow of admiration, a
transjort of enthusiasm. In such a state he was about
to visit the tomb of Washington’ ! With veneration for
the Fathar of his Country, was united intense admira
tion of the country itself, expressed in a lone and maimer
’hat demonstrated the sincerity of his heart. 1 have
seldom found any subject ofa foreign monarch more dis
posed to dojustioe and even honor to our national insti
tutions, character, and prospects. Not the severities,
but the amenities of the press, have been deserves! bi
bin). His peculiar and instructive genius is untainted
with the vices so often sanctioned by poetic lieense. As
in him the domestic affections are beautifully developed,
bis little ones hauging u;k>u him like a elus’er of roses
ou the parent stem (of which 1 was reminded by the
scenery on our woodland ride, ) so, as might be expected,
an elevated tone of moral and religious feeling pervaded
his conversation. I am sure your readers will be pleased
with this little effusion. J. X. D.
Alexandria, May sth 1853.
A Reverie about the C rystal I’alacc.
It if the Author of Frocerbinl Pkttaauphy.
Dream of splendor, bright and gay,
Disenchanted all too soon,
Dimly lading fast away.
Like a half remembered tune, —
Lol my spirit’s harp is sad
For the end of eaiihly things,
And refuses to be glad
While I touch these trembling strings.
Fountains, gushing silver light,
Sculptures, soft and warm and fair,
Gems, that blind the dazzhsl sight.
Silken trophies, rich and rare.
Wondrous works of cuutiiug skill,
Precious miracles of art, —
How your eowding memories till
Wonderfully, my musing heart!
Fairy Giant's choicest birth
Ot the Itcaulifid Sublime,
Seeming like the Toy of earth
Given to the dotard Time,--
Glacier diamond, Alp of grass
Sin bad's cave, Aladdin’s hall.
Must it then be crushed, alas !
Must the Crystal Palace fall ?
Yes ! as autumn’s chequered hues
Thus are tinted with decay,
As the morn’s prismatic dews
Glittering—exhale away,
So with thee; in beauty's pride.
All thy brightness must depait, —
Nature’s fair consumptive bride.
Fragile paragon of Art!
But, not all of thee shall die;
O! not all shall perish ihus!
Thy sweet spirit ever nigh
Will renium to gladden us.—
Thv sweet spirit Brotherhood!
This was in thee like a Soul,
Every Part to gild with good,
And to glorify the \V hole!
New Haven Railroad Disaster.
We copy the followingaecount of this fearful disaster,
from the New York Mirror, of the 7th instant.
The rumor of a terrible accident on the New Haven
Railroad, at Norwalk, Connecticut, bus ripened into
a fact, scarcely less fearful thau the loss of the steamer
Henry Clay. It is impossible for us, or for any one, yet
to say how - many lives were lost, bow many persons va
riously injured, or bow nianv saved tree from hurt. No
two reports fullv agree, though all agree that the
slaughter is fearful. Forty-six persons are known to
have been killed.
As nearly as can be iiscertained, there were 214 pas
sengers on the train. It was the through Express train
f>r Boston, via New Haven, Springfield and Worcester,
and left this city at 8 o’clock yesterdav morning. The
accident occurred about 10 o'clock. Os the 2 14 jias-eu
gers, only 17-5 had last night been accounted for, so
that the list of dead may be still greatlv increased. It
is only possible that some who escajied left the scene of
the disaster at once, and have not been recorded among
the saved.
The point of accident was at the draw-bridgr, 150
feet in length, spanning the Norwalk River. The bridge
is a substantial one, wide enough for trains to pa-s on it.
The length of the draw is6o feet. On the caster! v side
is erected a4” foot pole, upon which is placed a large
red ball, with puilies to hoist and lower as occasion may
require. Ml lieu this ball is down, it is a signal for the
train to stop, the draw of the bridge being up. The
signal was down at the time of yesterday's accident, the
steamboat Pacific having barely just passed the draw.
The officers in charge of the train either did not see, nr
were reckless of the signal. There is overwhelming ,
testimony that there was no slacking of speed on board
the train, and no signal of any kind made tor that pur- i
pose by those in charge of the train.
The train was not *o stop at Norwalk, and it is said j
that the conductor, Comstock, had, at Stamford, told the :
Engineer to “drive like hell through Norwalk, as two
men wanted to get oil these and he would see them
damned first. The train was going at unusual speed.
A Mr. Geo. Selleck, who keeps a restaurant at the side j
of the depot, says he saw the smoke of the steamboat
passing through but a few seconds before the train came !
along; they were goint; at so unusual rapid a rate that ,
he foresaw the accident and ran for the bridge, but be
fore he could get there the catastrophe had occurred. !
The evidence is abundant that the signal ball bad been ‘
down full a quarter of an hour prior to the accident. ;
fiie Conductor was in the second car wiien the accident I
occurred, and escaped without dangerous wounds.
fsogreat was the momentum of the train, >*aid to be j
going at the rate of 50 miles zn hour,) tha? the locotno- !
five leaped across the gull of the draw about 4” fee', |
and struck its fore part against the abutment on the !
other side. Ihe engine, two baggage cars, and two |>a.— 1
senpr cars were hurled into the river, which was at I
high tide. The distance from the level of the road to i
the water was about 12 feet, and the depth of the water
about the same. The forward end of the third passes- j
ger car was smashed up, and the hinder part prevented j
the remainder of the train front .-haring the same fate. }
The scene is said to have beggared all description. Men.
women, and children, who a few moments nt-forc were I
antieijating the fortunate termination of their journey I
and meeting with anxiously cx|iecttint friends, were in 5
the twinkling of an eye launched into eternity; and 44 j
souis were hurried before their Maker without a mo- j
Blent s warning.
The engineer jumped from the engine just before ;
reaching the gap; the firemen leaped off just as theeti- j
pine was going into the river. Both are somewhat in
jured.
All the citizens of Norwalk were early on the spot,
and were most active in their endeavors to rescue the
unfortunate sufferers. The sides of the cars were bn>-
ken in with axes, and many lives were saved, that, had
not assistance been so promptly rendered, most have
shared the saute terrible fate.
In the list we present, our readers will detect many
familiar mimes, iconic of our cotcmporaries ot this
morning rejiort Mr. Thomas Hick-, the artist, among
the killed or missing. We are giud to know that this is
not the case. Mr. Hicks was in the forward car, w ith a
Miss King of this citv. Mr. Hicks describes the scene
as follows: “ The cars were s-•minglv going at the
usual rate, when without warning or m- iinalion of auy
kind, he beheld the front part ot the car rushing to
ward him iu fragments, the passengers bring tossed in
to the air like chaff, dashed up against the lop of the
car, and thrown about in a hurricane ot destruction. In
an instant he fonud Miss King gone from his side, and
himself crushed under the partially fallen roof of the
car, and surrouuded by a choking atmosphere, in the
midst of a shapeless mass of ruins, dead bodies on eve
ry hand, and the darkened ear rapidly tilling with wa
ter. He began feeling among the wreck and under the
water for his companion, but she was nowhere to be
found. He continued the search till the water had risen
to his chin, a time which he judged to have been about
ten minutes, when despairing of her recovery, he look
ed about for a mode ot escape. Just behind him at the
corner of the car, he beheld an aiierture through which
he crawled out upon the top. lie then fonnd to his
surprise and joy that Miss King had been projected
through the o(iening in the car aud thus saved, with
slight wounds. She had, also, been enabled tc save the
life of another person.
Many New England physicians, who had been attend
ing the Convention in this city, were among the [>as
seugers.
The following additional particulars are the state
ments of a passenger, published in the New Yo k
Hr<U: *
I started from New York aliont 1 o’clock, iu compa
nv with a great many of my friends, for Boston ; aud
all passed off’ in the usual manner until we neared Nor
walk, where the bridge was left ojicn, and melancholy
to relate, three cars and the engine were precipitate I
into the river, a distance of about thirty feet from the
bridge. The concussion in the last car was very vio
lent, and it was not until 1 leiqied out ot’ it that I knew
the extent of the awful catastrophe, which baffled de
scription. Without anv delay, i hurried to the edge of
the bridge, and there I beheld a scene that i shall not
forget until the day I die. The engine was stuck deep
into the mud on the far side, and was followed by a
baggage, smoking, aud two (ias eager ears, all of them
being totally submerged beneath the surface of the wa
ter. The engineer, Mr. Tucker, had a most miraculous
escape with his life, but the conductor, Mr. Comstock,
did not tare so well. lie was in the smoking ear at the
time, and escaped out of the door into the river; there he
was pulled under water three times bv the drowning
creatures, but eventually succeeded in reaching the
shore iu a very exhausted condition, his head being so
verely bruised, his face disfigured, and his wrist dislo
cated. The melancholy and heart-rending portion of
uiy story yet remains to be told. Both of the passen
ger cars, as I said before, were wholly submerged iu
the water, the tide being fttll high at the time, and the
loss of life was of course very great. There were, in
fact, ouly about six or seven persons who escaped with
their lives; all the rest, amounting to nearly fifty jier
awtis, were drowned. These two cars were the’only
ones iu which any lives were lost The baggage car
and sntokiug car were smaslied to pieces, and, curious
to say, not a single life was lost. The baggage master,
Mr. t uller, who was reported as dead, baa a very for
tunate escape. A few seconds before the accident took
place, knowing that something was wrong, he nn to
the door of his car, but could not get out. He tlieu
braced himself firmly iu the ear and prepared for the
crash, which took place in a tew seconds. The ear liv
ing broken, lie escaped t trough the wreck uninjured,
with the exception of a deep cut across the nose.
As soon as jxissible the bodies of the unfortunate be
ings in the two passenger cars were fished up, and laid
out in the depot and engine room, where an anxious
crowd of spectators were endeavoring to identify the
bodies. Those killed were for the most part men—ma
ny of whom were medical men who were returning
front the Convention held in New York a few days ago.
Men were engaged up to a late hour last evening in re
moving the bodies from the wreck. The excitement in
the town is intense, and everybody is of opinion that
the accident was trained by the negligence of the engi
neer, alto was properly wanted by the lowering ot a
boll, that the bridge was up. He. however, never heed
ed the signal, and drove the ears, at the rate of about
twenty miles an hour, into the middle of Norwalk fiver.
The passengers in those cars which were not pitched
into the river were not injured in the least. A young
man it'd couple from New \ ork, who were proceeding
on the honeymoon, were botli drowned, anil were laid
out side by side in the depot. Hie eight o’clock train
front Boston passed through here about four o’clock,
the bridge having by that time been safely repaired.
The cars front New York were crowded with passen
gers containing the friends and relations of the killed.
Many a hitter tear was shed by them over the corpses
of tliose who, if not for the carelessness ol the mana
gers of this road, would be alive and happy, but now
are numbered with the dead. The indignation of those
passengers who were saved was beyond description. ’I his
town is about forty-four utiles front your city, and
stands on the banks of the Norwalk river, up and down
which steamboats are continually plying. 1 his melan
choly accident occurred in consequence of a steamboat
being let through the bridge when the train was about
due, thus precipitating the cars into the bed ot the riv
er. This unfortunate accident will cause deep sorrow
in many hearts all over the New England States, as
those who were lost were chiefly persons residing in the
Northern and Eastern portion of the Union.
Ct* respondent of tht Ismtlon Titms.
The Dress Makers of London.
As to the important question —the bears of work for
ced on “the hands,’’ whose ages vary from 14 to 25
rears. Milliners have two seasons—the summer ot
about four mouths, the winter about three. In the
summer “bauds’’ rise about 5 to past 5, commence
in ‘tooiii” at 4, cease with needle at !• at night, half an
hour for further “clearing up;” in dull months rise at
7, begin at s, time of ceasing uncertain, but 1 believe at
no time do they work less than 12 hours, very often as
many as 14, sometimes up to is. The meals (this has
been noted) are all dispatched within one hour taken
from the whole day’s work. Particular instance, pre
paration far a “Dt awing-rootn,” or for one or two Court
or other “great” balls; at such times the “hands” have
been called out to rise at 4. leaving oft’ work at 1", of
11! A death connected with any very large circle deal
ing with the “house,’’throwing stidde* ly a great mount
ing older iijmmi the “hands,” especially’ if it happens in
the season, will call a pressure often entailing lor day s,
14 hours consecutive close work! The “hands” have
reason to know but too wll, from their own lengthened
saddened hours of toil, wheu the season is at its bight,
and London what is t ailed most enjoyable. The flutter
of a presentation, the triumph of a successful debut, have
each their peculiar iuteusity of feeling, and alike follow
ed by their own peculiar reaction. To “tne hand,” the
prepart ion of the ball or Court dress, a widow or a
daughter’s mourning, have only this much of difference
—the one is toil iu aid of vanity, the other with often
much of vanity in it, only sufficing to tcil that there is
one and the same end for those ho purchase, and those
who toil and make the tiling sold. The needle of “the
hand” wotks from “grave to gay” without intermission ;
at last the wasting farm of the poor creature tells to
those around that a time is near wheu the making of
j the mourning of some will be the token she is at rest.
1 could easily give proof that even in such houses as
that of which f have written above, no provision of
mere food or shelter can compensate for the cruel pro
longation of the hours of work. Every medical man
connected with any of the public institutions iti London
will bear tne out in saying that this system kills hundreds
yearly; in very many more it iavs the foundation of
diseases making after life miserable. Iu busy times,
nay, in ordinary times, not as hour’s relaxation is allow -
ed! 1 will pass over little petty tyrannies and vexa
tions to which these voting women arc excised ; these
in al! large establishments, where the superintendents
have their own temjiers and powers of endurance se
verely tried, arc unavoidable. The evil, the great press
ing evil, is simply the hours “the hands” are forced to
work. lam sjietiking only of what are really respecta
ble houses. lam bound to say I cannot hear in these
houses of auy, the least encouragement, given to evil iu
any mere moral shape. “The hands” do, as a rule,
have the Sunday to themselves, and seem to make a
use of it, under the circumstances, very much to their
credit. Ido not believe that there is any comparison
between the numbers in these houses who are driven
from pure disgust to ways of shame, and those driven to
the grave. The materials arc often ot so expensive a
nature, so much cleanliness and neatness is required in
“the hands,” that respectable young women ouly, an it
mb, would be received. 1 know it as a fact that many
of these “hands” arc daughters of men of some ol the
highest professions. There is already a talk ofa rente
dy in the form of a combination ol some ladies of rank,
whose intention if is to make this cause a sort of second
“Uncle Tom” agitation. lam not aware that the Ame
ricans have English ladies heavily in their “books,” hut
this I do know, that the money owed to milliners from
certaits rather exclusive circles, is enormous. The heads
of these establishments may well smile at any such agi
tation ; they know their own (lower, and can afford to
treat any such threat with contempt. I firmly believe
that love of dress in one sex has all the excitement aud
works all the destruction of principle, which gambling
does in the other sex. To such a pitch has this now
liecti carried, that what noblemen have ere now become
to their trainers, mere servants, ladies of rank have be
come to fashionable milliners. The coaxing list'd to get
early served, the linmilitating seeking of longer credit,
have given these dealers in dress an ascendency, which
will first be really known wheu they are really put up
on the defensive. No, sir; “the hands” have nothing
to look for from the class for whose vanity thev have
made life a daily weariness. The noblchearteu, noble
“women who take the lead in such a work, are just those
who have the peculiar influence which would avail.—
Those, who the world think, command the market m
which these young lives arc daily sold, are just those
least likely to move in the matter; they love the bauble
—personal adornment too much to care to listen to
its cost. They arc too deeply involved with the
manufacturers of it, to dare to question the method of
manufacture. The legislature shell’d interfere; a ten
or even twelve hours’ bill, applicable to trades in which
more than a certain number of women between the ages
of 15 and 25 are employed, would touch the evil —it
would, I fear, only do iliat much : still, one step to
ward right is a blow at wrong, anil this is a cruel wrong.
Dr. Khiic and the Hrinnell Expedition.
Certainly no man of the age has graduated in such a
course of prepuratorv discipline, as he to w hom is now
intrusted the search for the long lost navigator. He
has taken his diploma in the college of dangers. In the
brief enumeration of his studies, we find him tramping
tor several weeks on foot through the orange groves of
Brazil; then for a month chasing the tiger near Botn-
I bav; then a surgeon of the American legation to China,
where, after numerous unavailing endeavors to penc
Irate the forbidden portions of the Celestial regions, he
woes to the Philippines, and succeeds, through the
m*sl offices of the monks of the interior of Manilla, in
visitintr its fastnesses and exploring its volcanic won
ders ; then, with bamboo coni around his w aist, de
scending two hundred feet below the brink, into the
•M-eat crater of Taei, returning with a bottle of its sul
pher waters, and leaving his crisped boots amid its cin
ders and lava; then again, visiting China and encoun
tering shipwreck, he passes to India as physician of the
Dremendhar Dagore, and for three mouths from his
palanquin looks out upon the glories of that country
which displays in prodigality its physical w onders, and
gathers atottiid it the most romantic associations; then
we trace hint in Upper Egypt and Abyssinia, imprint
ing the footsteps of the camel on the shifting sands,
traversing the Sahara, to the base ol Jupiler Ammon :
at the imminent risk of life, applying his ears to the
lij of Metnnon. that s;euk their nturning words higi|
in the clouds; for several weeks with Professor Lepsi
it, disturbing the ancient dust of the Pharaohs; again
wrecked as he descends the Nile ; wounded in a com
bat near Alexandria, then hunting out each scene of in
terest iu classic Greece,and sleeping under the sky that
arches the shore of Marathon ; then whirling through
Italy, France, aud England ; then cruising the coast of
Afuca, he avails himself of his Brazilian acquaintance,
and is (lermitted to penetrate the ulterior aud examine
the whole machinery of the slave trade; then lighting
with the coast fever, and, though coming oft’conqueror,
vet so disabled as to be obliged to return home an inva
lid ; then volunteering for Mexico, carrying despatches
to General Scott in a mad race through the country our
troops had left; at I’erotc, obtaining an escort of a mis
creant spy company, aud liecoming involved in a series
of tights, he received the swords of General Gaonaand
General Torrejon ; had his horse killed under him, and
was himself desperately wounded iu protecting the
lives of his prisoners against his own men ; then cn
gaged in hydrographic service on the coast survey;
then, as surgeon of the expedition in search of Sir John
Franklin, sjicnding a loug and dismal winter on the fro
zen waters of the polar seas; then returning, amidst
the congratulations of his countrymen, lie descends
from the altitude of an iceberg to the heat of the lec
ture room, and lays before the people the results of his
northern investigations; and, now we see him, thus fa
miliarized with every i>cril and acclimated iu every re
gion ; having successfully struggled with the rice fever
in the Canton river, with the plague iu Egypt, with the
yellow fever at Bio, with thei ongestiveat Puebla, with
the African fever on the coast, with an organic disease
of the heart which has front boyhood been assailing
the cifidel of his life with dangerous wounds. Thus
disciplined and accredited, we nee this young, slender,
and plastic American, under the aid of a benevolence
that stretches beyond home and country, freighting his
stout ship, now iu our Itarbor, with the implements
and means of subsistence which are necessary to enable
him to undertake a second and novel expedition, to find,
if it be possible, amidst the ices of the pole, the form,
living or dead, of that gallant explorerwnoseunknown
fate attiacts the liveliest interest of the nations.—A’. J'.
runes.
Another Discovery or Grixo. — The New York
Journal of Commerce states that jmrtics iu that city
have ascertained the existence of a large deposit of
guano, ou a barren and uninhabited island of the ocean,
lying more than 200 miles from the main land, and are
negotiating with the United States Government for the
protection of their rights, in case an effort should be
made to secure these hitherto unknown treasures. The
valuable agricultural properties of the article are now
Cerally known aud appreciated, and a great demand
been created for it in consequence. Not less thau
100,0)1) tons, to arrive, have already been sold, aud it is
estimated that the importations of the present vear will
exceed 200,000 tons, for which the fanners of ibe Uni
ted buttes will pay several millions of dollars.
FMortal Osrrespondence of the A. ). Frpress.
Sunday Amusements in Havana.
By order of the Captain-General, goods and wares
may not be sold after 10 o’clock Sunday morning, but
the violation of this one law is not deemed any offence,
voucan, therefore, buy’ what you wish on the Subbath.
Only the first class of retail stores and heavy mercantile
houses are closed, and not always the former. As the
store door is often the only egress and ingress to a pri
vate dwelling, and as many eat and sleep iu their shops,
this is regarded as a necessity. But the street cries on
Sunday morning, and the purchasing of goods is the
least otfensive of the Sabbath violations. Except the
morning Mass, and the occasional visits to the altars,
there ate no sign of religious life; however, many may
be the eases of individual piety, and those are no doubt
common enough amoug the good women of the Island.
For the men, not so touch can be said. Severe is the
penance performed on some occasions, and painful are
the sacrifices of health and comfort to appease an of
fended Saint. But iu contrast, or as an offset to this,
behold the general appearance of the whole Island in
church and out I have mentioned the bullfights, and
cock fights aud masked halls of the Easter llolydays,
and as displayed during the Sabbath of my arrival.
My second Sundav reminded me of the noisiest holy
days at home. The church bells, like the tongues of
the street populace, keep up a perpetual clatter; most
of them are old, and sound as solemnly as would the
hammering of so mauy huge tin kettles. There is si
lence on and in the churches, however in the afternoon,
and then the crowd throng to the city gates and beyond
the J’asco. There is another grand masked ball in the
Cantpo Marto, and this time, too, Bere.ficia or Chhunt
is the excuse, if auy were wanted, for the Grand dis
play. Just inside of the gates there is the strongest ne
gro’ exhibition human eyes ever foil upon this side of
Africa. It is a congregation of the slaves of the city and
neighborhood, and they are seen in a dozen forms on
the highway, enjoying’ their holiday amusements and
worship.
Some of them are in the costume of their tribes at
home, and the representatives of each tribe have their
own places of meeting, and forbid all intrusion or inno
vation. They elect their temporary King and Queen
and these are acknowledged chiefs and omnipotent for
the occasion. According to their custom, order reigns
iu these halls of revelry during worship. There is a
little shrine, with two wax candles on each side, and
within is painted the Saint or Idol of the African.—
Standing or moving upon flic floor are the dancers and
musicians—the music being hits of iron struck togeth
er, rude drums made of untainted cowhide, aud stretch
ed across a piece of the trunk of the tree. Most of the
dancers are in their Sunday dresses, ami such contor
tions of bodv, snapping of fingers, dashing of arms,
shuffling of feet and stretching of legs, 1 have never
seen before. Sometimes there is but one dancer in the
ring, and he or she will begin slowly at first a kind of
shuffle, intended as a sort of challenge to the lookers
ou who are gradually brought into the dance. He is
the best dancer who can tire down the most people, and
there is often an earnest struggle between the men and
women fin mastery or endurance. The music ot the in
*4 rumen ts is accompanied by* an equally monotonous
song or chorus ofa few words from each of the actors
and lookers on. The perspiration, in the meantime, rolls
from the faces of the laborers, and they present a pic
ture of idolatry and extravagance tar beyond anything
found among the wildest savages of the land in tiic ear
ly discovery of America. And yet there arc points of
resemblance between au Indian and an African dance,
and between their rude instruments of music. All.this
is allowed and protected on Sunday afternoons and hol
idays by the authorities. Nobody, however, intrudes
upon the ceremonies, and the guard have but little else
to do than look on and enjoy the sport. Asa matter of
recreation for the negzoes this is well enough iu its way,
but as an exhibition of worship it is painful to look upon,
even amidst the pleasures and merriment of the wor
shippers.
Look now to another picture of a Havana Sunday.
Here open to the view of all, is a cocktiight, where the
corks are trained and fed, weighed and measured for
their antagonists. Large sums in ounces of gold and
pounds of silver depend upon such spoils, and from
the negro up, nearly everyoody bets (and pays his bet
tool upon the result. The cocks crow loud enough
over their victims, but there is a louder cackle and
crowing from the lips of the bipeds who surround the
pit. Here, too, is a sort often pin game going on in the
0(1011 square, w here balls are thrown at pins, and where
the skill is to kic k out the centre pin bv a luckv hit.
Genuine nine pins arc played also w ith billiards, cards,
dice and all the games of the gambling houses. In the
evening we have fire-works, bulls, theatres, Ac.
The greatest attraction of all is the riding on the I’a
sco, lip one side aud down the other, with a cavalry po
lice to keep all in order. There arc a thousand volati
les, some with two horses and sonic with one, in a space
ofa mile or so. Ladies elegantly dressed, hut not one
ot them having a bonnet, uulcss she is a foreigner, till
the vehicles, two or three in each. Hours have bean
•spent at the toilet in preparing for this scene and dis
play. Pink and white muslins, fabrics ot blue and yel
low, plain and spotted, colors in full, and colors in par*,
jewels upon the dress, aud flowers, lace und ribbons in
the hair, paint upon the face, and every conceivable
adornment of nature and art decorate the fair. A thou
send or two of men line the road, and gaze into every
vehicle. It is the love of admiration on the one hand,
and curiosity and the love of women on the other, and
Cuban nature is human nature all over the world
in this respect. The Oilseros are covered all over with
lace and i ibbons, above their tight breeches and seven
leagued boots: mistress and servant, here as in the
church many hours ago, seem to strive almost equally,
according to their vocation in making the grandest pos
sible display The crowd disperse to the Plaza to hear
more Opera music as the sun disappears, and the moon
and stars shine out, and so ends a second .Sabbath in
the Havana.
One of Fanny Fern’s Rest.
Tiny blades ot grass are struggling between the city’s
pavements. Fathers and husbands sighing, look at the
tempting shop windows, dolefully counting the cost “ot
a spring outfit.” Muffs, and boas, and tippets, are
among the things that ‘wi re ; aud shawls and “ Talmas,’
and mantles, and “tittle lace* of bonnets,” reign supreme,
though maiden aunts and sage mammas, still mutter —
“East winds, east winds,” and choose the sunnier side
walk.
House-keepers are making a horrible, but necessary
Babel, stripping up carpets, and disembowelling old
closets, chests and cupboards. Advertisements already
appear in the newspapers, setting forth the superior ua
vantdges of this or that dog-day retreat. .Mrs. Jones
drives Mr. Jones distracted, at a regular hour every
evening, hammering about “change of scene and air, ’
and the “health of the dear children ;” which, transla
ted, means a quantity of new bonnets and dresses, and
a trip to .Saratoga for herself and intimate friend, Miss
Hobnob; while Jones takes his meals at a restaurant
—sleeps in the deserted houses, sews on his missing
buttons and dickey strings, and spends his leisure time
where Mrs. Jones don’t visit.
Soring is coining !
Handsome carriages roll past, freighted with lovely
women, residents of other cities, for an afternoon drive.
Dash on, ladies. You will scarcely find the environs of
Boston surpassed, wherever you may drive. A thou
sand pleasant surprises await you; lovely winding paths
and pretty and more ambitious houses with
groups of statuary hidden amid the foliage. But forget
not to visit our sweet Mount Auburn. Hush the light
laugh and merry jest us the gray-haired porter throws
wide the gate for your prancing (torses to tread the hal
lowed ground. The dark old (tines throw out their pro
tecting arms above you, and in their dense shade, sleep
eyes as bright forms as lovely as your own—while
“the mounters go about the streets/’ Rifle not, with
sacriiigiotis hand, the flowers which bloom at the head
stone tread lightly over the beloved dust! Each te
nanted gra\e entombs bleeding, liciug hearts; each lias
its history, which eternity shall alone reveal.
S/winif is coming !
The city belle looks fresh as a new-blown rose—toss
ing ltcr bright curls iu triumph, at her faultless costume
and beautiful face. Her lovci’s name is Legion—for
she hath also golden c/uirms ! I’oor little butterfly!
bright, bit) ephemeral! Von were made for something
better. Shake the dust from jour earth-stained wings
and soar I
Soring is coming!
Trout the noisome lanes and alleys of the teeming
city, swarm little children, creeping forth like insects
to bask in God's sunshine— so free to all. Squalid, for
saken, neglected; they are yet of those to whom the
Sinless stud, “Suffer little children to come unto nte.”
Tite disputed crust, the savage curse, the brutal blow,
their oulv patrimony! Ones heart aches to call this
(■hiUlh'wl! No “spring!” no summer, to them I Noi
some sights, noisome sounds, noisome odors ! and the
leprosy of sin following them like u curse. One longs
to fold to the warm heart those little forsaken ones; to
smooth those matted ringlets, to throw between them
and sin the shield of virtue—to teach their little, lisping
lips to say “Our Father.”
Sfirinj is coming !
Yes, its blue skies are over us—its soft breezes shall
fan us —the fragrance ofits myriad flowers be wafted to
us. Its mossy carjict shall be spread for our careless
feet—our languid limbs shall be laved at its cool foun
tains—its lucious fruits shall send health through our
leaping veins—while from the mountain-top, the wood
ed hill, and flower-wreathed valley, shall float one glad
anthem of praise from tiniest feathered throats.
Jn.tr reader! From that human heart of thine shall
no burst of grateful thanks arise to Him who giceth all t
While nature adores—shall man be dumb/ God forbid!
Fanny Fern.
‘Ye clip the following Parisian gossip from a
lively letter of the Paris correspondent of the N. York
1-h press:
“One of our most daring lorettea was the other day
iu want of money. .She was afraid to write to Augus
tus, for fear he would refuse uud never come again.—
She adopted the plan, however, of sending him a wo
und letter, without having sent him a first. As thus:
“Cher Auguste: The letter i sent you must have
been miscarried, as I have received no answer. This
is well as it is, for the 2,n<H) francs l asked you for have
been furnished me by a friend. The invitation to din
ner stands good, however, The pheasant will be mag
nificent.”
Now, Auguste reasoned exactly as Alphonsioe imag
ined he would. He pretended to have received the
first letter, and sent tier the 2,000 francs iti question,
trusting that as she had already received that amount
from another source, he would receive credit for his
generosity w ithout its costing him anything. On arri
ving at her apartments iu the evening, he found that
his envoy had been accepted with all the gratitude pe
culiar iu such cases. She told him promptly as he had
received letter No. 1, which had never been written,
she had a jierfcct l ight to deny letter No. 2, which had
been written, aud to withdraw any contained therein.—
I may add that there was’ut any dinner, because there
waa’ut any pheasant. It wus Augustus that had been
picked and done, instead of that most delicate bird.
Antidote to Arsenic.—Magnesia is an antidote
to arsenic, as efficacious of the peroxide of iron, and
preferable, because almost any quantity may be taken
without injury, and it is easily procured.— Brass Foun
der#’ Guide.
MACON, GEORGIA:
WEDNESDAY, MAY 18, 1853.
_ ;-£T The Whigs of Bibb county and all others,
who are opi>osed to the principles of the Southern
Rights Party, are requested to meet at the Courthouse
in this city, at noon, on the first Tuesday in June next,
to appoint delegates to attend a Gubernatorial Conven
tion to beheld at Milledgeville on the fourth Wednes
day in June, and to transact other luo( octant business.
We give place to the communication of “ Macon
because our columns arc always open to everybody for
the discussion of any anil every question of local ill.
tcre-st. Wc must, however, distinctly disapprove of
the tone and temper of the article of our correspondent,
as unnecessarily and unwarrantably severe. The ques
tion he discusses—the locution of a common depot for
the Railroads connecting within our limits —is not
settled. It is even now, by the resolutions of Alderman
Smith, which have not yet been acted upon, before the
City Council, and no one can anticipate what shape this
whole matter will eventually assume. There has been
too little liberality displayed, both by the Railroad
Companies and the City Council, in carrying out the
contract by which the connection of the Railroads
through the city was established. The simple matter
of the location ofa Depot has given rise to polls ol the
citizens, to petitions to Councils, to threats ot legal
proceedings, and to endless trouble and vexation.
There is not, and there never was, any reason for this.
If the convenience of the people of Macon, and of the
travelling public, and the wishes and expressed will of
the people of Macon are consulted, as they should bo,
by the Railroad authorities, the Depot will be located
upon Mulberry street. But, if it is utterly impracti
cable to make at that point a Depot, sufficient in extent
to accommodate the business of the roads, certainly its
location there should not be insisted upon. The Conn,
cil is instructed as to the will of the people—let us
await its action.
ZfUT’ The American Anti-Slavery Society celebrated
its twenty-second anniversary at the Chinese Assembly
Rooms in New York, on the 1 lthinst. Writ. Lloyd Gar.
rison presided over a variegated assemblage of men and
women, whites, and blucks, and mulattocs. Speeches
were delivered by Garrison, Wendell Phillips, Edward
Quincy, Henry Ward, Beecher, (the brother of Mrs.
Uncle Tout’s Cabin i Fred Douglass, and Miss Lucy
Stone. Opposition to the Fugitive Slave Law, and to
African Colonization, immediate and unconditional
emancipation of the slaves of the South—the dissolution
of the Union, and re-construction of the American
churches, were the topics upon which they discoursed.
The American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, held
its anniversary on the next day at the Tabernacle, with
very little change of programme. At the conclusion
of its proceedings, it was voted to raise $40,000 to re
vive slavery agitation throughout the country. Mis.
Stowe lias already received in Scotland, large sums o*
money from our natural enemies to aid the Abolition,
ists of the North, to carry out their designs—the abo
lition of slavery and the dissolution of the Union. The
eud therefore of slavery agitation is not yet. In llie
meantime, whilst England and the North wage a re
lentless war against llie South, w hat does the Govern
ment. Is its Influence exerted or felt in opposition to
Anti-Slavery fanaticism ? Can it be whilst Anti-Sla
very fanatics are the recipients of its offices, its confi
dence and its favor.
Editorial Change.
Hopkins llolsey, Esq , has retired from his connec*
tion with the Southern Banner, and has been succeeded
by Mr. .lames A. Sledge, who will be assisted in the
editorial department of the paper by “ a few political
friends.” The political tone of the Banner has changed,
with its change of proprietors. It is as clamorous now
for the re-organization of the Democracy, and for cordial
re-union between Union and Secession Democrats, a s
it was a few weeks ago fierce in its denunciation of this
unholy alliance. It is something to he deplored, when
an Editor of ability aud of independence, is driven front
his post, because the position which, front his views of
political honesty and principle he lias been forced to
assume, is embarrassing to his less scrupulous political
friends and patrons. Mr. Holsey lias retired as Major
Dottclson of the Union retired, to make way for the
re-organization of the Democracy. Here is the first
fruit of the late letter of Governor Cobb.
The London Quarterly Review, for April, among
other highly interesting contents, containsan article up
on the Search for Sir John Franklin, in which arc given
the results of all the expeditions which have beee fitted
out, to find the missing navigator. The intense and
long sustained interest whicn the fate of this man, lias
excited, is a phenomenon of the times which is alto
gether inexplicable. The discovery of gold upon the
Pacific, and the foundation ofa great Anglo-Saxon Em
pire upon its shores—the Exodus of the people of Ire
land —the overthrow of Republicanism in France —the
disintegration of the Ottoman Empire—the opening of
the five ports of China —the World’s Fair—the discov
ery of Guano, and the invention of a Caloric Engine,
and every other event of importance which has trans
pired in the last few years, have excited an interest which
was rational and commensurate with their importance.
But this intense interest about the lute of one English
man, which has led to immense outlays oi money, to
daring enterprise and reckless exposure, is altogether
unaccountable, and must be ranked with the gold
mania as one of the “ portentous crazes” of the age.
The I/mdon Quarterly gives the following particulars
concerning the present state of the search:
Mr. Kennedy is about to depart in the Isabel for Beh
ring’s Sea. Lady Franklin, aided by 1000/. subscribed
bv some generous friends in Van Diemen’s Land, who
gratefully remember Sir John's rule, will again be at
the charge of the expedition. The Isabel will be provi
sioned tot four years. Mr. Kennedy hopes he shall bo
able to pass the strait this year, and take up a position
for th<- winter somewhere near Point Barrow, whence
in the winter and spring he might explore to the north
and east, in the direction of Melville Island and Banks’
Land. Captain lugleffcld, iu the Phoenix steam-sloop,
will start lliis spring for Bcechey Island, accompanied
by a store-ship containing an ample supply of provi
sions. Anew expedition is also, we observe, to be fit
ted out by the beneficent Mr. Gritincll, of New York.
The present state of the search then is this: -Sir E.
Belcher is engaged in a survey of Wellington, while
Captain hcllct is probably safely anchored in Winter
Harbour, the old quarters of Parry. Each has a well
stored shift, with an attendant steamer; w hile the North
Star, within teach no doubt of (tal lies from either ves
sel, remains iu Franklin’s harliourageat Becchcy Island.
On the Pacific side the Plover, we may presume, is ad
vanced to Paint Barrow, We have no intelligence of
M’Clurc since, under a press of canvas, he stood for the
itaek-ice off’ Icy Cape, iu August, 1850; nor from Col
{iuson since he passed Behring’s .Strait in July of Hie
followin''year. Our consul at Panama indeed writers
that Coif in sou had been spoken by som ewhalers, but,
w ithoiit details, we know not what credit is to be attach
ed to the report. M’Clure supposed lie should be able
to reach England by way of Barrow’s Strait sonic time
in this year, either by navigating his vessel through the
unknown sea which stretches north of the American
continent or by quitting his ship and making for Mel
ville Island, or some point nearer home. Stirring ti
dings of some kind will most likely reach its in the
course ofa few months. The search, so long aud so ar
dently prosecuted, continues not only to interest the
scientific and enterprising, but to carry with it the
sympathies of the whole nation. The imblic mind
is made up that the fate of the missing ships shall be
determined, if human energy can determiue it and the
resolve is as wise as generous.
Wc receive regularly the American reprints of
Blackwood’s Magazine, and of the London, Edinburgh
Westminister, and North Britisji Quarterly Reviews.—
These works, filled with political, literary, scientific and
commercial matter, conducted by the ablest writers of
England and of Scotland, and embracing almost every
thing of value, in the periodical literature of Great Brit”
ain, are furnished to subscribers for the small sum
of|Blo per annum, by the American publisher. As they
are the best, so they are the cheapest periodicals in the
world. Address Leonard, Scctt <fc (Jo., 70 Fulton St.
New York.
Attention. —The people of Spalding county who feel
unwillliug to commit themselves unconditionally to the
support of the administration of President Pierce without
knowing what it w ill be, but are ready to support him
in what thev believe to be right, aud oppose him in any
thing wliieii he may propose that is wrong-are reques
ted to meet in Court llousc iu Griffin, on Tuesday, the
17th instant, during the recess of Court, to appoint dele,
gates to the State Gubernatorial Convention, and to do
such other things as may tend to a complete organiza
tion for the fall elections. — Griffin “American Union
Union Convention in Pike.— At a preliminary meet
ing held in Zebulon on Wednesday, April 6, 1853, it
was agreed that the friends of the Union in the several
militia districts of the county, lie requested to send
three delegates to a convention to be held iti Zebulon on
the first Tuesday in July, to nominate candidates for the
Legislature anti attend to such other matters as may be
necessary.— lb.
S-£F* The Washington correspondent “X,” of the
tiniorc Sun says—" Report is swelling tile list of di
plomatic appointments. Colonel und Judge H. R. Jack
son, of Georgia, lias been promised a full mission, and
will probably go to South America. He was a Union
ist in the recent divisions of the party in Georgia, but
early took grounds in favor of a reunion.
” In an article in the Athens Banner of the 12th
inst., upgn the present state of parties, in which the
new conductors of that press, define their position ; they
declare that the Democratic Party must be harmonized
and reorganized. This is the bald political faith which
they teach. The Democratic Party must be reorganized.
No reason is given for the reorganization of the incon
gruous elements of the Party—and no basis of union
among them is proposed, but & mutual sacrifice of prin
ciple, by Union and Southern Rights Democrats; and
a mutual participation in the spoils of the party. W e do
not misrepresent ihe Southern Banner in this statement,
or any of the Democratic Press of Georgia, who are
now laboring to hamonize their party. They do not, it
is true, speak out boldly and distinctly, and declare that
either wing of the party, must recede from the positions
which have placed it in fierce and irreconcilable antag
on ism to the other. This is not their policy. They
speak of conciliation and harmony, and they represent
the triumph of the party, and the offices of the State, as
dependent upon forgetfulucss, forbearance and silence
upon every question upon which the party is divided
They are divided uj>on every question, upon which po_
litical opinion is divided in the State, and they urge re
organization and harmony upon the basis of silence, up
on every political question. What is this, but a sacri
fice of principle? What is fhis, which is proposed to
every Democrat in the State, by the press of his party,
but to forego or suppress his own political opinions, to
close his mouth und sacrifice every thing of principle,
and indedendence, that a few individuals of the partv
may obtain office? Nothing must, be said of past
issues ;*no interpretation of Democracy must befit tempt,
cd, nothing but the omnipotent name of Democracy
must be employed, and under this broad name as under
a vail, must all the heresies of the party be cloaked. —
Union Democrats, is not this the basis of Democratic
re-organization ? I)o you doubt or deny it, and imagine
that you are still entitled to your own opinions? Then
attempt to have one single principle which you cherish,
recognised in the policy of the party, or acknoledged by
the Southern Rights Democracy, and you will find that
silence upon political questions, is the condition of your
admission into the re-organized Democracy of Georgia-
Von must lose your independence and individuality;
you must surrender the right to have and express auv
opinions, or you cun not be recoguized as a Democrat 5
for silence upon political questions, is the standard of
Democratic orthodoxy; as it is the condition of Demo
cratic success.
But what of the Union Whig Tarty, of the Stale,
It is as one man, upon the prominent political questions
of the day. It has never been cursed and denounced
and deserted by its own members. The integrity of
the political creed, has not been impaired, by the here
sies of large sections.
It has no Nashville in record, no disunion doc
trinees to regret and to conceal and to be ashamed of.
It has no opinions to hide away under a name; no gags
to thrust into the mouths of its independent members.
It is to-day as it was in 1850, the political organization
to which the people look fbrsound, conservative action-
This is testimony of Democrats. The editor of the Ban
net ■ says:
.\ jw it ‘ ha ce no objection to mak eto the re-organization
of the II hnj jiarty. There mast he ttco parties ;it is es
ntial to the health oj the testy poll tit that there should
le\ Mti tcoild not extinguish the Whip party if we could.
It is m restart) as a check on the excesses of Jjemocracy ;
it is tho brake on the car of progress, without which there
might he dangerous collisions, and much da matte ensue.
Tn country cannot spare the Whig party.
“A Daniel come to judgment!” Whatother, or stron”
ger testimony do we need, or ask from a political oppo”
neut ? What larger concession to the integrity, hones’
ty and patriotism of the Whig Party, could we desire ?
Its enemies recognise it as a party which unswayed by
love of power or of plunder, by popular impulses or pas
sions, must be relied upon when great emergencies arise*
i in which great interests or principles are involved, or
when Democracy runs into extravagance, or degener
ates into agrarianism. We accept the position and the
mission, which the Banner assigns the Whig Party
without admitting that it is, or’ever has been, backward
in any kind of true and legitimate progress. Why
should not Union Democrats, still act with this party
with which they are identified in principle? The an’
swer comes from the Democratic press of the State’
and is urged in every article, in which Union Demo
crats arc entreated to unite and harmonize with South
ern Rights men. The sum and substance of it is this :
The Whig Party may be sound, honest, conservative!
and necessary to the country, in great and trying emer
>* very well in ISeO, wlu-u tbc Union was
endangered by Free-Soilers and Union Democracy, it
will do for Union Democrats to act with again, when
a great principle, or a great interest is jeoparded, but i l
is in a minority, and if you want office, act with the se
cession Democracy. All it demands of you, is to swaP
low your principles and your chagrin. Will the masses
of the Union Democracy, do it ? Will they be dictated
to and driven like cattle before a few leaders ?
State ol’ Affairs in Spain.
The Paris correspondent of the London Times, gives
the following melancholy accouut of theStateof affairs
in the Peninsula : From’ all I can learn of the state of
parties in Spain, 1 believe that the question there is as
suming a very serious aspect; it is one, in fact, be
tween the absolutism of Ferdinand A ll in his worst
days, an 1 co ist;tufio:i:il.government, and in it the li*.
ter is exposed to imminent peril. 1 stated in the com
mencement of Ihe struggle, which has not yet been
brought to a close, that the Itoncali Government
would not await a hostile majority for a pretext to sus
pend or dissolve the Cortes, but would do so the mo
ment the opposition offered it serious inconvenience,
though its numbers might be still inferior to those of
the supporters of Government. Such has been the
case. It is stated, bv some of the Paris journals, and
particularly by the Debuts, that the affair of Narvaez
was the cause of the defiance filing at the Constitutional
party by that very silly person Koncali. The Debats is
mistaken ; the real reason the Cortes were dissolved,
was that the Government, or rather the Queen-Mother
and her husband, the Duke of Rianzares, the pest of
Spain, were unwilling to hear the disclosures which
both the Geueruls Concha were determined to make in
full Parliament—the one concerning the railroad affair,
the other the slave trade.
There never has been a period since the death of
Ferdinand, that the Queen-Mother has been more thor
oughly detested than at this moment by every class of
Spaniards; and never was her presence more hateful
to Spain. Until the whole clan of the ?<lonoz he ship
ped off to the Canaries or tho Philippines—the more
distant the better- Spain will know no peace or rest. —
When that lady contented herself with mere harmless
amusements, people tolerated her, but there is some
thing hateful m grasping cupidity and bigotry. Maria
Christina must have put the patience of her most faith
ful partisans to more than one cruel test when we find
such men us the Conchas and the O’Donnells abandon
her and hers in disgust, She is hated on all sides; aud
if anything extraordinary should turn up in Spain, she
had better put her house in order. The monarchi&l
predilections of the Spanish people must be strong
indeed to make them tolerate the specimens of royalty
they possess; and if a revolution break out—of which
l confess there is sonic chance, I see nothing whatever
to full back on in any one member of the Spanish Bour
bons now in that country Maria Christina is loathed ;
the Queen has long tried the patience of her people -
that poor creature, the King Consort, is sitnplv des
pised; and as lor Don Francisco de Paula, lie and his
family arc so utterly fallen into discredit, that no one
ever dreams of them. If it be in the destiny of the
Spanish people, after so many years’ struggle for liber
ty, again to return to an absolute rule, I rcullv see noth
ing for it but to restore the Count of Montemolin at once.
I suppose he is not much better than the rest of his
family ; hut at all events lie has had no opportunity of
outraging public decency; and, however bigoted, his
bigotry is not a compound of hypocrisy and licentious
ness.
There is, unfortunately, another cause which did not
before exist, and which I fear will hasten the crisis.
Until lately, the young Queen cared little about
State affairs; Councils of Ministers gave her a heart
ache, and the debates of a Cabinet she was forced to
preside over, a head-ache. Give her her fragrant gar
dens, her shady bowers, and the cool water-falls of San
Ildefonso—her retreat from the scorching sun of July
—her moou-light rambles, her fun, in fact, all the plea
sures she loved so much, und ministers might act as
they please. This, however, lias changed ; she does
not love pleasures less, but she likes to interfere more
in public affairs; and, what is unfortunate, this inter
ference is not for good, hut for evil. She exhibits more
than a tendency to absolutism; her inclination is to
despotism, and no word is more hateful to her cars
than liberty, or the constitution. Somebody has long
been instilling into her mind that she ought to reign
like her father — el Bey netto, aud not as a sovereign
hampered by constitutional ties forced upon her by re
bellious subjects. Such lam assured is the tendency
manifested recently by Queen Isabella. She is in vain
recommended caution hv her mother. She does not
listen to advice, and that influence, once so powerful, is
now exerted in vain.
Di n x e\t Governor. —Wc are authorized by Hon.
Alfred Iverson, to state that he is not a candidate for
the nomination for Governor, and cannot consent to the
use of his name in this connection.
Wc do not regret this determination, for though we
know of no man in Georgia who could more certainly
suit the Democracy, and lead to assured victory in the
coming election, or in whose hands the complicated in
terests of our great State would be more secure, wc
think the Democracy have use for him in another and
more conspicuous theatre.— Columbus Tunes.
The Legislature of Rhode Islaud adjourned on
Friday evening, after a session of four days, during
which considerable business was dispatched. Many
Sixte officers were removed, to inukc room for Demo
crats to fill their places; Governor Allen was elected
a Senator in Congress, as has been heretofore stated ;
an act was passed calling a Convention to revise the
State Constitution; and seven Banks were chartered,
besides u savings bank and several manufacturing com
panies, &c.
From the London Ttines, April 27.
Visiters from Europe to the New York Exhi
bition.
Besides the Earl of Ellesmere, Sir Charles Lyell, and
Mr. l)ilke, the royal commission which is about to be is
sued for the American Intematioo Exhibition, will, we
understand, embrace the names of Professor G. Wilson.
Mr. Whitworth, and Mr. Wallis. It will thus consist
of six members, and form a body well calculated, not
only worthily to represent this country on the other side
of the Atlantic but to bring back, in the shape of official
reports, the results of the approaching industrial display.
The nobleman who is placed at the bead of the commis
sion is thouroughlv quulitied to pronounce a judgment
upon the merits of the fine arts’ section, while he unites
with a highly cultivated taste the prestige of rank and
wealth Science, especially in the department of raw
produce and mineralogy, could not find in this country
a worthier representative that Sir Charles Lyell; and
Mr. Dilke, the least rewarded, and certainly not the
least valuable member of our own Executive Committee
in Hyde Park, by his practical good sense, his business
habits, and his experience, may fairly be expected
to stamp the new commission with a useful as well as a
merely dignified character. Professor Wilson is fa
vorably known to the public from the attention which
he has paid to scientific agriculture, and it may be an
ticipated that at New York he will find the materials
for much useful information to his own countrymen
in that and kindred branches of knowledge. The ap
pointment of Mr. Wallis also is a verv judicious one.
He was one of the most valuable and active officers
employed in Hyde Park in 1851, and, apart alto
gether from his acquirements as a teacher ot the first
principles of practical art, he has a rare and entensive
acquaintance with the merits of textile fabrics in even
branch of their manufacture. Perhaps, however, for
the material interests of this country, so far as they
are likely to be affected by the New York exhibi
tion, the most valuable member of the new commission
is Mr. Whitworth, the leading maker in Ihis couutrv of
what are called “Manchester looks.” Mr. Whitworth
is the very best man that could be selected to concen
trate into a report the mechanical results of the New
York exhibition ; and, ingenious and inventive as the
Americans undoubtedly are, we need not be ashamed to
send over to them, as a reporter, the mechanic who can,
by the unaided exercise of his craft, measure the rnil
lioneth part of an inch. The commission goes to Ame
rica carrying with it souvenirs of the display of 1851,
with which all its members hare been intimately asso
ciated. It is accredited neither to the committee of the
New York exhibition nor to th-;government, for the for
mer is a private commercial htidy which ibis country
could not officially aeknowlcdje, and the latter only in
directly patronize the undertaking. It has, however,
ample powers and a useful and dignified mission. It is
charged with the duty of representing the industrial in
terests of England at the forthcoming display, and of re
porting, in an authoritative manner, upon the results
thereof. The government have issued it upon the sug
gestion of tlie Surplus Commissioners, and they have
further shown their zeal in the matter by get ting several
of the chief departments of tho State to contribute. —
The ordinance, tho admiralty, the mint, and the board
of trade, through its school of mines, intend to send ar
ticles for exhibition ; and it is worthy of remark, that,
little as we may show, compared with the constituted
authorities of other European communities, we have
done far more as a body politic for the New York exhi
bition than we did for our owu. In Hyde Park the go
vernment showed itself chiefly active in snubbing tbc
royal commission and worrying it, through Lord Sey
mour. Dr. Rovlc is busily engaged in selecting, on ihe
part of the East India Company, a brilliant how of Ori
ental manufactures wherewith to dazzle the Western
world. About 800 British exhibitors, comprising the
leading houses in important departments of our nation
al industry, have sent contributions. Our artists are
admitted also to the field of competition which embra
ces paintings, and among the champions of national in
dustry is included the name of the Duke of Buccleugh.
Considering the extent to which other European Stajes
as well as our own intend supporting the approaching
Exhibition, it is a matter of some surprise that the
building in which the display takes place is one of such
small dimensions. The site upon which it stands is not
more than five hundred feet square, and the structure
itself lias been already supplemented by additions for
machinery. We Londoners grumble at the want of
space available for such objects, and the surplus of the
late Exhibition has been sunk in one lump sum to se
cure more elbow-room for our public institutions; but
in New York, with a continent in the background, the
evil seems to be still more severely felt, and they appear
there to have been driven iuto a sittuation not much
more convenient than that at one time contemplated for
the display of ]s:. ! . when it was seriously proposed to
hold it in Leicester - glare. Only one-third of the area
has been reserved i r native exhibitors, the rest being
devoted to tho pi oh <\s of European industry and art.
The opening is pc- ■; oued till the first of June.
Freon the St. 1. s {Mo.) Democrat, April 28.
Letter from Kit i arson Route to the Pacific-
South Pass.
The following letter, for a copy of which we are in
debted to the editors of The Intelligencer, will, consider
ing the source from which it comes, be read with inter
est at this time, when the quesliou of the most eligible
Railroad route to the Pacific is occupying so large a
share of the public attention.
Santa Fe, March 27, 1853.
Si a, I find the following sentence in a letter address
ed by you to Toe Santa !e Gazette :
I see a writer in The New- York Tribune, whoprofesses
to have visited Fort Daramie in 1 849, and then aud there
saw Mr. Kit Carson, quotes that geutleman as in favor
of the South Pass. I have ventured to doubt the state
ment that Mr. Carson prefers the route through Utah,
and have claimed him as a friend to the New-Mexican
route. I wish he would write to me as soon as may be,
and give me his opinion, with all the testimony which
his valuable experience and sagacity on such subjects
can supply.
You are perfectly right in claiming me as a friend to
the route through New-Mexico. I consider it as far,
far preferable to the roule through Utah Territory. I
know but one route across the continent which can be
traveled winter and summer, and over a remarkably
level country, and that one must cross the Rio Grande
del Norte within 50 or 60 miles of Santa Fe, and from
thence as direct to the California Mountains as the na
ture of tlie country will allow The pass known as
“Walker’s Pass” through tho mountains is a good one,
and has no very abrupt ascents or descents. There is
another pass higher up, which is nearly if not quite as
good as “Walker’s.” That comes in somewhere about
one of the “Four Creeks,” and Dr. Nagle, of Santa Fe,
has mentioned to me the fact that a reliable and intelli
gent man, an old mountaineer, aud whose statements I
know are to be depended upon, having passes! from tlie
Vegas of Santa Clara, and after making bis course due
west, reached the Tulare Vailey, passing over a country,
which to use his own words, you could drive a ten mule
team through anywhere. There is no manner of doubt
that the trail from Albuquerque by Zuni, along the head
waters of the streams that run into the Gila, and then
crossing the big river about the “Mohave,” and so on,
is the easiest road that can be found. The only objec
tion that I know of is, that a great part of the country
along there is very barren, in fact so bad that the wolves
can’t make a living, and then it comes into the Tulare
Valley at it# very southern extremity, and you have to
run up 300 or 100 miles to strike the Bay of San Fran
cisco—so that if you could make a little iuore northing
it would be better. Mr. Fremont had always expressed a
wish to me to examine the country along the southern lim
it of the basin, and if his explorations had not been stop
ped, that would have been his next enterprise.
On the other hand, 1 do consider tiie road by the
“South Pass” as almost impracticable. I have no faith
in it. The snows lie early and late in both ihe “Rocky”
and “Snowy” mountain countries. It is easy enough
the ascent of the Snowy mountains going up from the
eastern side, but on the west it falls right off, and it is
like going up a ladder to get out of the California val
leys to the ton of the mountains any where that I know
of so far north. As to the snows, you folks that live in
the States know nothing about them. Why, sir, it
snows harder and longer, and faster and more of it,
high up in these California mountains than perhapsany
other place in God’s world. lam not alone in my opin
ions on the subject about which you have written to me.
Any old mountaineer that knows any thing about it will
say that the Southern route through New-Mexico is the
best. I am, Sir, yours very ti uTv, C. CARSON.
To Wm. S. Allen, Esq., St. Louis.
Arthi r String.— This wretched criminal is awaiting
in solitude tbc time appointed by the Executive for him
jo expiate bis crimes upon the gallows. It was found
that while be was kept excited by being brought in fre
quent contact with his fellow-men there was no hope of
bringing home to hiui a keen sense of his situation, or
of operating upon his hardened heart sufficiently to in
duce him to tell the truth concerning his part in Iho
Federal street tragedy. The experiment of keeping
him as much alone as practicable bos been tried with
considerable success, and there are now signs of a
breaking down of his stubborn, lying spirit, and a pros
pect that he may yet be induced to make an honest con
fession, and thus save his son from an odium which
must otherwise rest upon him in the minds of some
persons. Instead of the air of bravado and the indif
ference which has heretofore marked the demeanor of
the condemned, he is now more prone to shed tears
when spoken to. The murderer, nevertheless, still de
nies the bloody deed, aud obstinately maintains that his
son is the guilty party. It is probable that being left
to commune alone with himself may yet operate to pro
duce the desired effect.
Spring is kept secured by a heavy chain to a staple in
the floor. He murmurs much at this, and says it causes
him a great deal of pain, lie also complains of a pain
in the region of the heart. This is, perhaps, a good
sign. The general health of the wretched man is good,
aud his appetite has uot vet failed him. His worldly
career is rapidly drawing to a close.— Phil. Bulletinjitn.
The Model Locomotive lor Japan.
Wc learn from the Philadelphia Ledger that the or
der given in Januarv last, by the United States Govern
ment, to Messrs. Richard Norris & Son, for the build
ing of a model locomotive, tender, and passenger car,
io be presented to the Emperor of Japan, has been filled,
and in u few days will be forwarded to this city, prepar
atory to being shipped to Japan. The model will be ac
companied by Air. Charles .Montgomery, a practical en
gineer, who has been delegated to explain to the Japa
nese the power of steam as applied to locomotives, and
lbe great revolution brought about by meaus of this
ageuey throughout this and other countries wherein it
has been introduced. The locomotive is complete in
every particular, as also the tender and passenger car.
The capacity of the locomotive is estimated at nine tons;
the tender is four feet long, two feet two inches wide,
and is placed upon double trucks. The passenger ear
is ten feet long, two and u half feet wide, and two feet
ten inches high. It is constructed of rosewood, and
tiuished in the most exquisite manner, wilh revolving
seats covered with crimson. Every other feature about
the car is in keeping with the best taste and jugement.
A railway track will also be sent to Japan with the lo
comotive and its appendages.
Articles sou the New York Crystal Palace
Exhibition will be received on aud alter the 16th in,it
at the exhibition building.
To the Honorable Aayor and Council ot
Macon.
Gentlemen .'—Give ire your attention for a f ew mo
ments, whilst, in a rcs/cctful manner, I address y 0„
subjects of much imyoriance to the citizens of Macon
aud to reason with ;ou calmly and temperately on ma*’
ters, which, very naturally, might create emotions of a
st longer character. Let us premise a few fundamental
propositions, (iriiich are merely generally accepted trr
isms) and in order to expedite conclusions, we will state
simply naked propositions denuded of all sophistical
cob-webs.
Ist. The erection of a City Council, and the election
of City Fathers, is designed for the purpose of protect
ing the rights and properties, and advancing the inte
rests of the citizens.
2d. The investment of this brief authority, is desW
ed neither to erect the Council into a Municipal o% r .
chy, a reflection of the “Venetian ten,” or to endow i>
with undisputed ownership of property and population
during office.
3d. City Governments, (like our National Govern
incut,) are based upon the fundamental proposition
that the majority shall rule.
lib. The Council is the organ and representative of
the will of the people, (citizens i and not the dictator t 0
those on whom it is dependent for power, and whenev
er from duty or inclination, it shall see proper to diso
bey the instruction of its citizens, it is no longer the
representative and organ of the city, but the exponent
of its own views—no longer the organ of the people,
but of its own individual body ; and, as above stated,
it is inconsistent with our Republican principles, that
tlie minority should rule and control the majority, and
when that minority is the mere fraction of a fragment,
it becomes a direct, positive aud ridiculous absurdity
M ith these few plain and self-evident proposition* be
fore you, gentlemen, let us first state our grievances,
and then apply the above postulates to your individual
body, and look well to see if you are guilty of any in
fraction of these principles of plain sense and common
justice, which heretofore have met the sanction of all
among us, whether of high or low degree.
Certain Railroad corporations and the city of Macon
compacted for the building of a common Depot, i Pas.
sen ger aud Freight,) within the city, upon certain con
ditions; the conditions arc specified—the piaer designa
ted, aud the agreement properly signed by the respec
tive parties, all of which is predicated upon a majority
vote of the citizens, called for by Council, who demand
ed instruction. Subsequently, a difficulty arises, the
Railroad authorities change their minds—they abrogate
the contract, and refuse to build upon the specified spot
upon tlie plea that the point specified was not to be
considered permanent, but left to the future agreement,
of both parties, that is, the city on the one part, and the
Railroad corporations on the other. In the meantime,
they (modestly) take upon themselves to determine the
question, aud defy the city. A doubt being suggested
as to the measting and intentions of tho citizens, as ex
pressed in their first rote, your call lor an expression
of popular will through the polls, and the citizens re-af
firm their previously expressed will and understanding
by a vote of 240 against If, (including a part of vour
own body,; and here, gentlemen, is where you become
obnoxious to your citizens, by refusing to carry out
their instructions, after making an unnecessary demand
for them the third time. Does not the above vote indi
cate the feelings and desires of the people, in a forcible
and unmistakable manner and majority ? Does it give
room to doubt? Suppose, gentlemen, the written con
tract did not sis permanently the Depot, but left it op ,
for the future action of the two parties. Does that give
to the Railroad corporations (being only one part, the
right to determ : ne wht re it shall bes 1 opine not, and
you thought not, for you passed a resolution iu Coun.
cil, to refer it again to the people. Ano why did you j
tefer it ? Because you considered yourselv es, not die- j
tators, but representatives of the people. You were
servants and organs of the city, and not its owners ot
masters. Fortunately, it requires two par ties to make a
bargain. If the Railroad Companies will not accedett
our terms, and carry out the ontract in good faith, thee
the city has said most emphatically, she will not change
or recede from her position; and if the two parties an-1
not agree, then the contract falls to the ground—it it 1
aull at id void and we fell back into the same position j
in which we were before the contract was made.
If is no excuse or apology, if the Railroad authorities 1
should say, we made a mistake—our calculations were
erroneous—we have manifested a faulty judgment—iov
if the corporations employ agents whose judgments I
and foresight are insufficient and unequal to the occt- j
sion, that is no reason in common sense, or common I
justice, why the city of Macon, (the innocent part; I
should sutler. There may be a little fanciful Quixotisn; ]
in such a notion; but it is not the less replete with irra. |
tional absurdity after tlie related abuse, which runic: I
says has been heaped upon our heads, and the insult* I
aud defiance which have been thrown in our faces, by I
these parties. lam not of that kind—to kiss the iW I
which smites, and have not much respect for those who I
are; but as that is a matter of mere personal feeling I
we will pretermit all further reference, and pass on U I
the subject again. I know the public mind on thi* I
subject, and, as a matter of kindness, will give you ■
some insight into it, that you may have the benefit ot I
such knowledge to instruct you. The strong current j
of public feeling runs somewhat after the following, I
fashion: “Now, gentlemen, says the public, it is ru- • j
mored abroad, and your conduct in Council assembled. B
as far as we can perceive,) would seem to bear in> n
table substantiation, that you disregard the will l-I
instructions of the people of Macon. After demand Rl
ing repeated instructions, you not only refuse toebe'fl
those whom you were elected to represent; but pen’ ? i
hi doing that which they forbid you to do. Will ywejj
gentlemen, kindly give us some explanation of y -if
conduct. If you cannot be influenced to do so fr -B
a respectful consideration of the feeling and wishes I
your fellow-citizens, or from sense of duty, then B
motives of self-respect prompt you to some explain: ‘ H
which will free your conduct front imputations - : H
constructions, not calculated to redound much to yt-'B
credit, or to elevate you greatly in the estimation I
your fellow-citizens. We feel dissatisfied with sonr’ -B
of your couducf as we do know, aud doubly as
with that which we do not know, for we cannot ur JB
stand you. But, we know you do not represent ‘B
aud therefore, most respectfully solicit you to gin S
an opportunity of tilling your places as speedily |
thing can be accomplished. We will not deny k 9
you want to do us full justice; but your ways are •
culiar, and you need too much instructing to tie H
Such, gentlemen, is the strong current of p u: 1
opinion, which rushes torrent-like through every-
and alley in the city. But, as it would be illibera ■
condemn you unheard, I will, myself, suspend all
inent or expression of opinion, hoping sincerely
may demonstrate to the public, that they have n: - B
derstood your position. In the meantime, gentteH
l ant impressed by the almost unanimous voice - I
voting population, (240 to 19,) to make of you tfe ■
lowing unqualified und unalterable demands: E
maud that you do not sell, or close, any street in & m
of Macon. We do so because you have no ri/‘t j
a strict. And, moreover, if you had the right to ‘ J
then, that street which you propose to seP for “
tired, there are citizens who now stand ready 10 -H
three thousand, for valid titles to the same. “‘jH
maud of you to take immediate steps to force tb*< ■
road corporations to build a common depot,
and freight,) at the intersection of Mulberry J
Sixth streets. We demand it because it is cur ‘.fM
founded in that justice, which is based upon ft “■ HE
contract, and affirmed by the almost unauintcuy I
of the people, repeatedly expreseed through tie-- WjL
box. We demand of you, if in your power, : ]
ately to throw the Railroad corporations, in the
[osition in which they were before the contract,
to them the use of the streets and Railroad c- os
together with all the other rights and privilege’ I
the corporate limits of the city, which avert w ‘
tallied by the contract —a contract which ihe’jhea
siloes abrogated, and consequently forfeited L' ■
leges thereby to havq accrued. Do uot fora ■■■ I
be deceived by the repeated assertions that the • J
tions have ihe advantage. It is an absurd I
promulgated by those who desire it to be true fl
seuted to by those who have not examined the T
Do your duty, and you will soon prove it tc J
posterous absurdity. Let this policy be rigorous - J
ed, and pertinaciously earned out, and ae ■
soon to bring the Railroad authorities to a ■
of reason, or induce the stockholders to self •
of more practical and less difficult notions. j
- Ad
The factories of Lowell consume j®y
thousand and ninety thousand bales ot
about one-sixth of th*e whole consumption B
They also consume upwards of five mu® 1 Bk
wool in a year. There are fifty-one mi
entployiug’a capital off 13,U00,000. *’b P l , IH
the city is 37,000, almost entirely m
j or indirectly, through the disbunxoien s
I juveated in the mill*