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JOURNAL & MESSENGER.
JAMES T. NUDIST AND SIMRI RO*E,
EDITORS.
IT IS NOT ALWAYS MAY.
The sun is bright, the air is clear, _
The darting swallows soar and sing,
Aisl from the stately elms I hear
The blue-bird prophesying Spring.
So blue tod winding river flows.
It seein* an ottflet from the sky,
Where waiting till the west wind blows,
The freighted clouds at anchor lie.
All things are new; the buds, the leaves,
That giki the elm’s nodding crest.
And even the nest beneath the eaves;
There are i<*> bin!* in last year’s nest!
Ail things rejoice in v outh and love,
The fulness of their first delight!
And leant from the lira! heavens above
The melting tenderness of night.
Maiden, that road's! this simple rhyme,
Enjoy thy youth, it . il! not stay ;
Enjoy the fragrance ot thy nrinte,
Tor 0! it is aot always May!
Enjoy the Spring of Love and \ outh.
To some good angel leave the rest;
For time will teach thee soon the truth, .
There are no birds in last year’s nest!
A Petition to Time.
11AKnr toNWALL.
Touch us gently, Time !
Let us glide adown thy stream
Gently—as we sometimes glide
Through a quiet dream !
Humble voyagers ate we.
Husband, wife, und children three—
tine is lost —tut angel, tied
To the azure overhead!
Touch us gently, Time
We’ve not proud nor soaring wings;
Or* ambition, oi k content.
Lies iu simple things,
Humble voyagers are w e.
O’er Life’s “dim unsounded sea.
Seeking only some culm clinic—
Touch usGKXTLr, gently Time!
Hope.
ItT BISHOP HUHL
Reflected on the lake I love
To see the stars of evening glow,
So tranquil in the heaven above.
So restle*s in the wave below.
Thus heavenly hope is all serene:
Hut earthly hope, how bright aoe’er,
Still (Ritter* o’er the changing scene,
As false, as fleeting, as tis fair.
Humility.
The bird that soars on highest wing
Builds in the ground her lowly n<*st;
And she that doth most sweetly sing
Sings in the shade when all things rest:
In lark and nightingale we see
What honor hath humility. —Mvntgonur \
The Coast Survey-Its Progress and Prospects.
It was Thomas Jefferson who first proposed m com
plete an<l extended surrey of the Coast of the Uni'ed
States. The early rears of the present century are the
onlv claims which that enterprise possesses fur ant iqii:- I
ty. Barely fifty years have elapsed since the project
first began to bo considered, and but little more than
half that period has passed away since the first really |
effective movement was made towards the accomplish- j
ment of the design. From the days when Aibcrs Gal
latin drew up his magnificent scheme t.. she hour s that
Alexander Dallas Barite so assiduously devotes to the
development of great principles in M .‘hematics, is
but a short lifetime; yet in spite of hindrances and im
pediments which have been thickly strewn around the
path of the work it has gone steadily forward and is
uow thoroughly organized, prosperous and efficient.—
The shoals have been sounded and measured and map
ped out. the currents timed and laid down in charts pre
pared by skillful hands; the differences if forgitude
have been adjusted by the aid of Elcctriciiy; a force of
scientific observers is scattered along the entire coas*.
from Maine to the Gulf, and from the Isthmus to Ore
gon. That the effects these diligent observations j
and the records so faithfully kept and published, should
be highlv salutary, is a proposition too *c!f-evideut to :
require comment. It way be somewhat instructive to j
trace the progress of this work and notice what it has j
really accomplished.
In the year lsi™, the Survey was commenced under
the cure of Mr. Frederick Hauler, a Swiss by birth, and
a gentleman of enlarged intellect und great industry.
It proceeded for two years, and stopped. Revived in
1832 by an act of Congress, it was prosecuted with con
siderable vigor; and the aid of careful observers, Navv
and Armv officers of talent and education, and others ;
competent to the work, was invoked. In 1-44. the en- \
terq.rise was ngain suspended by the sudden demise of
Mr. Hassler.
It was aa this time that Prof Alex. D. Bache was
called to the superintendenrv of the w ork During the
nine years that have since transpired, his lalsirs have i
been ’incessant, careful and productive. Less than a do- j
cade has added very largely to our s‘ocfc of information :
respecting the conformation and peculiarities of the j
Coast. A century previous combined no such sources
of information as are now condensed into a few volumes,
maps and charts. Able assistant* have been detailed to
the work in our Eastern and Western coas*-waters.
The Survey vessels arc now busily engaged in the Wes
tern harbors, and the East has already had its share of ,
information — never before attained, and now become
quite indispensiblc. “The science of the country.” says
Prof. Bache, in a paper read by him some rears since
at a meeting of the American Associa ion in Cambridge, j
“was altogether upon a different level in 1 *to from what ‘
it was when the Survey was ) imposed in 1 ‘O7. or when
it was commenced in l>lt> So that it was only neces
sary to find some way of accelerating the work in ae 1
coriianoe with legitimate scientific principles, and to ob
tain the means, for the men were not wanting.” With
these aids, the enterprise has been placed ti|on a firm
and reliable footing, and a few years of steady persever
ance and Government encouragement will insure its fi
nal and complete success The advaet -ges which Com
merce and Navigation derive- from the results of the
past five years are a significant guaranty of the value of
the work.
The method of operations in the prosecution of the
Survey is exceedingly simple. A series of separate
centers has b.-en established bv the Superintendent,
with bases of Irian gelation varying in length from six
to ten tnilo. Advantage is taken of the prominent
points upon the coast, primary and secondary triangles
are formed, calculations instituted, and the sec'ions arc
finished with remarkable rapidity and equal certainty.
The Hydrographical Survey proceeds kimnltane u!v
with the Topographical; the results of each an- record
ed and eare-fullv engrossed, an l thus a s-rics ot chart
is formed for the use of navigators.
Th annual report of the Su|>erintendent for the year
l&ol indicates a rapid prog-. css of the Survey. The
Coast is divided into nine sections, the first extending
from Paaaamaquoddy Bay to Point Judith, the second
from Point Judith to Cane Henlopen, including the
coasts of New York and Pennsylvania, and the ninth
embracing California and Oregon. The triangula
tion is continuous. The second section, compi-isiug ilie
coast of tlik State, was nearly completed in 1814, and
the charts are iu extensive circulation. The weak on
Section IX—the Pacific, was put under way in IB'*n,
and is progressing. A list of geographical position*.
8,24“ in number, accompanies the Report. Eight notiers
to mariners were published in KM. The number .t
original Topographical maps published at ihe Coast
Survey othcc, up to 1851, was Jtdl, consisting of 4ff
aheeta; of Hydrographical maps, 7HA; and of reduced
maps and charts. 220. The extent of shore-line survey
ed. to the commencement of 1851. whs 1 miles.
The results, briefly indicated, show a great industry.
The Superintendent has the thunks of the commercial
community for the substantial benefits lie has been ena
bled to confer upon them, and Science owes him a List
ing wreath for the energy and perseverance with which
he has battled again*! the obstacles that have from time
to time obstructed llie progress of the work. We hope
the aid of Government willbe so liberally extended tlu.t
the enterprise may have an ending worthy of the dili
gence of its prosecution.—.V! Timm.
Rapid Travelling on the Hudson.
Oa the Hudson River Railroad trains travel with
greater steed, and with greater safety, than on any ■
other road in this country, and perhaps in the world. ‘
Ax average sjieed of fifty miles an hour is required bv
the time table of the daily express traiu over the road
from New York to Albany. The high speed is main
tained with safety bv means of an admirable system
for the prevention of disasters, which is thus sketched
bv the New Vork Tribune:
“A complete corps of signal-men maintain a per- •
pctnal watch at all necessary points from one end of •
the toad to the other. At every bridge, every crossing, 1
every cutting, and every place where there is not a j
clear view of the track, or where it is liable to lie ob
structed, these sentinels have their stations, and the
signal of danger is passed along almost w ith the speed
of the telegraph in this wav any sudden peril on the
rails i immediately announced at a sortie!.-nt distance
‘o insure the safety ai an approaching train. At each
draw-bridge two tenders are constantly posted. No
draw is allowed to be opened when a train is due, until
tw. nty minutes have passed after the time for it to ar
rix ; ’and then the signal must be shown at least a
mile from the bridge, and a torpedo laid on the rajls to
ext lode under the adranciug engine, to warn its driver,
if he sliould fail to see the signal. Every switch has
its tender, who is re uired to Be stationed on his post
at i la? pa-sag.- of each train, and to see that all 5s in
older both before and after. If any obstruction arises,
it is promptly signMiaed at least a mile off. A(W the
pas>age ot a train it is die duty of the signal men im
mediately to examine the entire track, and see that it
is safe. In case of any tr.fling disarrangement, such
as the loss of a spike, or the want of a few shovel-fulls
of gnu el, they have the utrnrils to repair the deficit-ti
er. By this means, and by great care iu running
w i bin the uppoiutud time, a very high degree of speed
is gained with safety.
PuiTirri. CorxTur. The St. Louis In'Mltyturtr
le r..e fron citizens of St. I.ouis, who sja-nt the seast.n
at St. Paul, in the summers of Ls-'>;-’52, that within *■
raoge of twenw miles of St. Paul, they have counted
not less than from fifty to seventy-five lakes, whilst 1
others from there state the number to be much larger.
These lakes abound in fish, and are filled with water as
dear as crystal. Some idea of the rapid growth of
pop.dittos in the Territory may be formed when it i<
know u that St. Paul, which five year* since was but a
■mall trading post, has now overrode inhabitant*.
The Stale of Sonora.
j The accounts in the California papers of the New ex
-11 ted it ion to Sotioto, said to be a [aicific one, give an in
-1 terest to the particulars, published by the same papers,
of the condition and prospects of that State. It lies on
the borders of California, und on account ot the immense
wealth of its mines, its silver mines especially, is begir.-
n.ng to attract a large emigration. It is said, by those
who have v,sited the country, that there is, perhaps, no
state iu the world of equal size, where a greater quanti
tv of mineral wealth is to be found than iu Sonora.—
Scarcely a hill or sierra but contains masses of the pre
cious metal, silver being by far the most plentiful i his
iast tact is one of no little’ importance, owing to the re
lat.ve scarcity of silver throughout the world.
In the mine of lav I'urissiina Conception, near the
town ot Heupucn, according to a writer in the Alta Cali
fornia, one of ihe pillars ot the mine, winch is twelve
\ards square, and fourteen feet high, is estimated to be
j Worth si;o,noo dollars. The mine of N nostra Seism ade
j Uuadelone, was yielding immense masx-s ol pi.resdver,
when it became hooded, and abandoned. ’lhe mine ot
j Ei Chino contains such quantifies <4 s.lver, that on en
’ tcring it with torches, it glittets like some laity pttlsct,
! and realizes the talcs <>! the Arabian Nights. Between
the towns of Bacuai-hi and Ftwiieias, near a place called
Mababi, exceedingly rich go’d mines exi-t : and one
lump was picket! up at that spot worth .-51.4"''. Im
mense quantities of iin tuber also exist. The mines at
Alamos have ix*en long celebrated, and have enriched
the inhabitants of that town. The whole !S aeis . n .
is teeming wish wealth. Iu front of the cities of l ies
aud Arispc, rich ami extensive silver mines arc known
j to exist
IBut those advantages are scarcely made use of by the
present inhabitants, for sevtral reasons; last bcciiusc
she Slate is o uimtiully torn lv poliiieul and civil dissen
] .-ions, an J no securilyfor iito or property can be count
!ed on. The political affairs of the State arc always in a
terineut, and blood v nuts and of frequent oeeurrcuce.
These conflicts getieraliv arise from family dissensions,
caused bv a s’.mgg'e for place and power The long
and bloody war between Gen. Erica and Manuel Gau
dara, aud the continued coi.tcntions between the rival
houses of Gaiuhira and Monte Verde. have almost de
(Mtpuiatcd MicSli.ie, and trenched it m blood. No quar
ters are given, as the piincinul part of the fighting is
done by what are called by civilized Indians in the
State, viz: The Ojsites, Vackis-tame, Apaches and one
<r two o-her tribes.
Secondly, thc-e Indians, used to being culled in by
various factions, when they have no such employment
-a to work mi their own responsibility. The Apaches
roam unrestrained over nearly the whole suite, murder
ing, burning, plundering, ami making captives wherev
er they go. Hundreds of once flourishing and rich
ranchos are now iu mins, and the silence of the dead
reigus where populous and thriving towns aud villages
formerly existed. The inhabitants ate panic stricken,
as they see their wives and children carried off f:tin be
fore their eves, am! regarded it as a matter of course so
;jniiliarized ls.:i- they become to these depredations.
Thirdly, the minis, win n they are woiked at all, are
woi ked according to tile old Spanish law s, w hich arc
exceedingly cmhuria-.-ing and oppressive. They de
clare, among other things, (hat any attempt to knock
\ down the pillars of a mine forfeits ihe titles of the pto
! prietors. and it becomes the properly of auy one who
i choses to denounce it. The form and plan, and
mode of operating of even- mine, are laid down with
rigor, and any departure from the prescribed rules for
feits the property.
Finally, there ianother reason why ihe great wealth
of the nation is allowed to the dormant, which is found
m the stagnant and idle character of the people. They
have no native enterpive, ate averse rather to nil im
provement, and so long as they can get their modicum
of frijoles. tortillas and cigars, are willing to let the
world wag as it may. A better government would do
much towards remedying these caieless habits, by pro
moting Ihe security of prot erty, defending the fromiers,
and reforming the bad and injudicious law s ; but a good
government, we susj'cct, will not come to them until it
shall be introduced from abroad.
The climaic am! soil of Sonora, according to the Cali
fornia writers from whom w e gel the above fictsaiealike
excellent, and adapted to a great variety of cultivation,
i.aige quantities of ihe sugar-cane are raised iu the ex
ensive valley, from Arispe to Lies and from I res near
ly to Guy mas. But the ignorance and ineffable sloth
of the inhabiiants limit the manufacture of the juice to
iiiythiug but r. miser. ible sample ot pitloucn sugar, in
he meantime tlie\ jiav enormous prices for decent su
gar, inamilacturcd in Sinaloa.
Com, wheat and grain of all kinds are easily raised,
and return enormous yields, even with tluir models of
eultivating. l!ow much more might it not produce, if
ihe ground were i.iojvriv tilled? Some | ortions of she
-late are admirably suited lo the production of coffee
and cocoa, anti for the purj*>se of raising stock it is said
here is not a better grazing country in the world.
Notwithstanding all the foregoing advantages, there
s no country under the sun where the inhabitants are
n a more miserable and wretched condition than in .So
nora.—.il ir Vorl- /‘out.
From tkf AU- Cal Jornui.
The New Expedition to Sonora.
Wcaie authoritatively advised that a large expedi
tion is tilting out in this city to go to Sonora. It will
number near twelve hundred men. and he commanded
by the Count de Raoussctt Boulbon. We have been
assured that nothing hostile is intended in this expedi
tion, on the contrary, the presence of such a number of
well armed and disciplined men on the frontiers of that
State, will have the happiest effect of keeping the Apa
ches in check, aud restoring confidence and a feeling of
security to the inhabitants. The intention is to eutcr
Sonora, and obtain from Governor Gandara permission
to explore and work the numerous mines now lying en
tirely abandoned on the frontier. The Mammoth t'om
panr will be divided into three distinct parties, all sub
ject to one g -ncral head and a code of law s for the gen
era! giHid. The three divisions are to lie miners, for
mers and iirtizans. These parties wili extend along the
frontier and probably occupy the large and once rich
and flourishing branches of Barbacorrori and San Ber
nandioo In this connection it perhaps would not lie j
amiss to give some description of these places. San
iternandiuo was once a flourishing town, and is located
on a branch of the Yunicras river, about thirty-six
miles from the town of that name. It was abandoned
about eighty years ago, the inhabitants having been
driven nut by the Apaches. Several attempts to restore
i’ have liecn made since then, but without success. It
’ is an exceeding rich and fertile plain, well watered, and
in every way admirably adapted to agricultural purjioses.
; When it was abandoned, the inhabitants possessed im
mense droves of cattle, which then went wild, aud the
whole country for one hundred miles, now contains
large quantities of wild cattle. Immense numbers of
j these are hunted down, killed and made into dried beef
for the use of the Mexican army. The Rancho of Bar
hncordori is on the arm of the San Pedro river, and is
just such another place us Sail Hamnrdino. It has been
abandoned eighty year-, a:r! is about ninety miles from
the town of Santa Cruz. Many other valuable and tint
■ locations abound all through the frontier country, which
have been nb.tmioi.tsl fin tetirs, aud have rich mines ir.
their immediate vie tiities, where places cau be readily
purchased at exceedingly cheap rate*, from the propt ic
ons, to whom they are not ot the least value; and if
the ex|ethiKHi suoeeetfo in obtuiuing the desired per- i
itis Uni, the whole country will be made to bloom again |
j like a garden The benefit to Sonora from such an cx 1
,i*slif:*.ii will be incapable, as ihe party will be fully
supplied with every requisite to accomplish their pur- I
poses, and ihe establishment of such outposts trill do
more to secure the safety and peace of the State, than
would the whole Mexican army. It would then afford
the inhabitants the opportunity to work the numberless
1 mines in the interior ot ihcS - utc, und attend to the r
agricultural pursuits with security. It would also give
:hein immunity from the ruthless incursions ot the sav
age*. who now dtfs lute the entire country, sweepi -g oT
women, childicn, and herds. AA’e have not learned
what step wili lx- pursued by the expedition, - bim’d Go*
j vt-rnor Gandara refuse his t ern.ission. Neither can we
I conceive that he will Ir- so blind to the true interes sos
bis country as to do so.
\ While on ihe subject, it may be interesting to our
readers •> know something of the Count de Kaoiia.sett
, Boulbon, who lately cut such a figure in that Slav.
Count de Raou-w-ttt Ihaiilion is a young man of about
! tbn ty-ihrt e yeai sos nge. and is descended ftom one of
[ ihe oldest and most distinguished families of Avignon
iiu the south of France. And the porters of Avignon, a
rare remarkable for frills oi |>*r*oual strength, and the
ennnnsu* burdens they carry, have ever diet i-hed with
pride the recollections of his herculean strength. Do
ing the war with Algiers, be joined the armv as a volun
teer, and soon became the bosom friend of the Due
l u’Auniale, the sou of I.oiiis J'iiilippc, and was appoint
ed >n his pi-rsona! staff. There lie served with great
credit and distinction. At the time of the revolution he
left Algiers and took to stumping it through the south
ern provinces, offering himself as a candidate for the
National Assembly. He is a first rate stump orator, his
speedu-s always cxtem|>ore and rcnuiknble tor warmth,
j brilliancy, and capacity of delivery. Sometimes in the
i republican public houses which the political naluteof
j the times induced him to visit, he would enforce his ar
guments with a tremendous rap on the table, shivpring
it to atoms, or wrench out a marble chimney piece and
i throw - it on the floor to cut short u discussion. He was
’ the idol of the }iopuiaee, the Avignon porters in particu
lar, who nicknamed him Count Short; but the ret e lu
tion followed its course, and Count de Kaoussett Bind
’ bon came to this country. He is an exceedingly pood
’ looking man. about five feet ten inches high, well built
and an air of command and self confidence, which long
habit and a reliance on bis ow n resornces have confer
red upon him. With the present improvements in
crushing ore and mining operations, there is no doubt
but that the company must flourish if they slick togeth
er, which they ate very likely to do under such a leader
Tux Coxqti*sT or Irklsxd Compi t*tb —The (J- Itri y
P. ckit ctial:n a remarkable art cio in rcletenct to
what it calls “the conquest complete” of Ire-laud by the
Saxon: —
“The Saxon in Ireland may no longer Ist regarded as
a sentimental ton list, sitting on the box-seat of a mail
coach. with sketch-book in hand, delineating the physi
! cal appearance of tlio country, and caricaturing t! e
“wild Hirish.” He is now a veritable settler, snugi
located in every romantic spot along our western coast.
The fertile farms that lain waste for the last four years,
rom which extermination drove the oppressed native
md the houses whereiu famine seized its victims, u e
*eing fast occupied by Euglish and Scotch settlers
iVhether they will, like the brave old Anglo-Norman®,
K-cotne more Irish than the Irish themselves, and res t
the oppressions that drove forth their predecessors into
leuth or cxil.e remains to be seen ; but that some of the
fairest portions of Ireland will shortly be in the actual
j occupation or tinder the control of the Saxon, is a fact
that can no longer bo questioned. Every day English
! speculators in Irish farming may be *oen on their wav
h estward in search of suitable homesteads. The lunhtic s
afforded bv the operation of the Encumbered Estates
Court for obtaining purc'ia.es in fe -, h ive induced Eng
lish capitalists to look out among us for profitable in
vestments. since Ireland has been tranijutilized by the
expatriation and destruction of the Celt.”
Hon. H. W. Hilliard, of Alabama, has been
re-cntlv elected a corresponding member <>f the 1m c
rial Academical £sccie*y of Cherbourg, ia France.
The (>old Countries Australia and
CaliCoruia.
Australia bus, without u don lit, produced more gold
than California in the same space of tinu‘. English j
geologists prophecy a still larger yield. Sir bisl ni * j
Murchison, who claims, not without a fair snow oi
reason, the credit of having been the first to itifftca'C
the gold dejsrsits in Australia, is confident that w hen a
sufficient number of men are at work on the placers,
the crop will far exceed one bundled nuTions per an
nunt. It is quite natural that S.r Roderick should
trakc the most of his fortunate discovery; but wit.mu'.
dj s t r get non tof his judgment, we nun be permitted to
attain some weight to a more disinterested •witness.
We are assured by the celcbr.Ved author, \\ illinn How -
itt, who has gone to Australia tor the purpose off r *
nislrrng the British public with correct information re
st ecting the state and prospects of the colony, that the
actual yield of gold is much less than that reported in
ihe newspapers. The colonial press, he tells u% ate
naturally interested in exaggerating the receipts ol i
gold, arid have frequently overstepped i tie botimls ol j
truth, with a view to induce emigrants to adopt A us- ;
tralia as their home in lieu ol the United .States. As
an instance of the dishonest speculation u Inch is being |
carried on, he mentions instamxs in wlneli ‘_•** s,{, u
100/get of gol.l was carried rout'd from one pit to the
otln-i, ereditetl to se\oial in succession, and reported m
the newspapers as having been fimnd in halt a dozen.
A valuable discovery enables the proprietor ol u placei
to sell it at a handsome profit; and the “ loan ot a
large nugget will answer his purpose equally well
Manv ot the holes which are stipjawed to have pt< -
(luced from s-jV’om to s:(o,ih>o owe their reputation to
a manoeuvre of this description. _
It is needless t<i remtirk that no imposture can be
practise! on those who derive their information front
the returns ot the Imperial officers, or from the pub
lished manifestoes of the Australian packets; bui we
fear that these are rarely consulted by those who emi
grate to Australia. The bulk of the emigrants resolve
to expatriate themselves utter reading a glowing ac
count of the discovery of a large nugge-, - which hail,
perhaps, been discovered half a dozen tunes before, 1 ot
of the enormous yield of a hole whose proprietors lrmi
carefully plugged it with lumps of gold before they
notified ihe tfvdney papers of its wealth.
In ihe second place, the most wonder nil mistakes
have boon made about the climate of Australia. We
have been assured that the island was a Garden of
Paradise, when* neither cold nor heat iueonvonier.i ed
the miners, and where a serene sky and a genial sun
were peteuntiid. Dwellers iu the foggy British isles,
in the frigid and torrid zones of America have sighed
for so blest a clime. Now, however, that we have dis
interested tesiimony on the subject, we find that the
temperature of this"paradise sometimes varies as much
as sixtv degrees in twenty hours, and lhat the extreme
of heat and cold are not only felt, but tel! at extremely
short intervals of time. The “ fine salubrious climate,
w hich has been so much vaunted in the English paper-,
turns out to be, in the gold districts, scarcely less uii
lieaiiiiy than the Southern swamps. Dysentery, then- i
mutism, cramp and influenza, are permanent compa
nions of the miners. Hardly a soul, says William
llowitt, has escaped the contagion. And, not content
with giving us lira own tesiimony, he quotes the opin
ions of men who have lived in ail quarters ot the globe
to prove that, all things considered, the climute oi Am- .
India is the most unhealthy and unpleasant in the i
world. To their vetdici he adds, by wayof conllrma- j
lion, a statement of the frightful proportion of den hs j
which have occurred among the tnineis. —.V;r hrk
//-mil.
Fr VNCE .VXD THE SANDWICH IsLANDS.—The C-VTi -V
Jn Ft-it* Oni * compl iins of tlie tone of a portion ot the
press, the Evening Bust included, on the rleatione ot
France, with the Sandwiih Islands. Accoiding to the
Courrur the uieteuaioiis of the French are limi e l to a
demand ot indemnity for losses, and of modifications of
the tariff, and a question of diplomatic etiquette. These
‘•reclamations” date us far buck us and hare been
twice enfoiccd by the presence of a fleet—oi.ee in Louis
l*hilltpj>e's time, and once under the republic in 1 46
The L'i-m rier quotes statement of the affair written
by its editor for ti e Pi.urt ol the 2'>ih of May, 1 s."> 1 :
“In 1647 the French residents of the Sand with Is
lands suffered serious injury, both in jierson and prop
erty, from the natives. At the same time ti e lli vvaiun
government laid an exorbitant duty upon our wines and
brandies, and deprived our whalers of the privi'ege if
re-provisioning our vessels by barter ‘ or voi- tTo/i-nut’
which they had always enjoyed. This was a double
violation of the existing treaties, which guarantied s< -
curity to French citizens und missionaries, and the
admission of French products under suitable condi
tions.
” il. Dillon, the consul of France, had bnt one line of
conduct lo follow ; lm protested against t'.ie attacks mad •
upon our countrymen, and agdnst tho prohibitive dutv
on brandies, and demanded und apology an indemni
ty for the losses, and the immediate repeal of the tariff'.
But either from negligence or obstinacy, or perhaps
from instigations whose origin vre need not investigate,
the Hawaiian government showed anything but zeal
and good will m giving us the required satisfaction.
“ Two years passed in useless correspondence. At
last, in 1*49, M. Dillon, despairing of redress, struck
his flag, and went on board the ship-of-war which had
arrived to back his claims, lie then sent in his u ti
matnm, and the answer not having liecu received a’
the time appointed, he opened a fire on a small fort,
dismantled it, und held for some hours two ships which
were lying near it.
“ After this demonstration, the French vessels sailed
away in the hope that the insular authorities, imi nid. -
ted bv this commencement of hostilities, would make
up their minds to yield to their demands Hut nothing
came of it. and after two year* more of futile negn.ia
tions, we again tind ihe French fleet at anchor lielore
Honolulu to signify a In* ;/ tun it-/./, accompanied l>v
the threat of a blockade, in case a satisfactory unswet
was not sent in, by the 2nth of March at the latest.
“ This time the French government made an addi
tional demand. It required that its reiiresema ives
should have position equal to those ol the United States
and of Great Britain, who have obtained a voice in tin
I ootmcil, and frequently a prcjiondcratmg influence.
“Since then,” adds the Cvurr.tr, “iwo years liavc
passed—two years of patience ‘b-n^anunit- 1 on (he part
of France, aud of backwardness on the part of the Ha
vvaians. If, after this delay of six yeats, France re
turns to her position of 1 *•'>!, she is doubly right.”
The Cmrrltr, moreover, although deny mg that France
has any annexing intentions towards the Sandwich Is
lands, cannot see any propriety in the cries raised again*’
her, on bare suspicion, by the American press, “which
preaches up every morning the annexation of Cubii.”
It asserts, also, that this agitation has an evident ob
jeet—to hasten the work ot annexation of the island to
the United Stales, which is already half accomplished,
by raising the alarm against a foreign jiovvcr.—i'r<7i inn
Pott.
The I’iogging of a Prince.
Tho London correspondent ot a North German papci
relates a story with regard to the way in w hich Brinec
Albert disciplines his children, which the Tribuue trait.—
late* us follows:
“The young prince stood one day in his room in tin
rovul palace at Windsor, at the window, whose pant s
j reached to the floor. He had a lesson to learn by heart,
! but instead was amusing bims- ll by 1< okingout into the
| gardens and playing vvi;li l.i* lingers on the- window.—
j I!is governess, Sliss ilillyaid, mi earnest und pious pci-
I son (it.served this, and kindly asked him to think of get
! t.ng his lesson. Ihe young prince said; ‘i don’t want
it i. ‘Then,’ said Miss llitlyard, *1 must put you in the
j corner ’ ‘i won’t learn,’ answered Ke little fellow rest.-
• Intelv, ‘and won’t stand in the (Miner, for lam the
j ITince of Wales.’ And it* he said this, he knocked out
! one of the window panes with his foot. At this, Miss
! Hilliard rose tiom her seat and said: ‘Sir, you must
i leant, or I must put you in the corner.’ I ‘won’t said
he, knocking om a second pane. The governess then
rung, and told the servant who entered to say to J’rince
Albert that she requested the presence of his Royal
Highness immediutelr <>n a pressing matter connec ed
with his son. The devoted father came at once, and
j heard the statement of the whole ttunter, af'iei vvlileli lit
! turned to bis little son, and said, pointing loan o;ti -
j man, *it down there, and wait till I return.’ Then
i Prince Albert went to his room and brought a bilm
! ‘Listen, now,’ he sniil to the Prince of Wales, ‘to what
the holy Apostle Paul says to you and other children in
your position.’ Heretqion he read Gain), iv 1 and 2:
‘Now I say that the heir, so long us he is a child, differ
eth nothingfrom n servant, though he be beloved of all •
but is under tutors and governors until the time :q -
pointed of the father.’ ‘lt is true,’ continued Prince Al
liert, ‘that you are the Prince of Wales, and if you con
duct properly you may become a man of high s ntion,
and even after the death of your mother, you limy be
come King of England. Bui now you are a little boy,
who must obey his tutors and governors. Besides, 1
must impress upon you uncther saving, of the wise
Solomon, in Proverbs xiii. t; i : ‘He that sparetb bis rod.
hateth bis son ; fiut b<* that loveth him cliusteneili him
betimes. Hereupon the father took out a rod and gave
the heir to the throtin of the weightiest empire of Chris
tendom a very palpable switching, and then stood him
up in the corner, saving. ‘You will stand here and
study your lesson till Mi** Hillyard gives you leave to
come out. And never forget again that you ate new
under tutors and governors, and that 10-rentter y ou will
Im- under a law given by God.’ This adds, the corres
pondent, is an excellent Christian mode of education,
w hich every citizen and peasant who has a child may
well lake to his heart as a model.
It may be proper to add that the youngster who is
represented to have rer-ived this puteroal admonition is
but ’. years old.
CuQCtisw. — Among the thousand and one “Isms’
of the day the city of New-York almond- in what mar
genersllv be termed cliqueism. In other words, we
tiave ill suits of cand c,teles within circles, each
ot which seems to bound i- notion of men and things In
i - s own narrow eircnmlerence. Almost every Magazine,
Newspaper, Publisher, and Club, m surroundeoby its
clique who sweat- by some private Tlagnus Apollo and
square all their opinions of Literature and Art from the
radius of their own little sphere. For instance: we
haven Harper’* Magazine clique; u Putnam clique; a
Literary World clique; a Press Club clique; an Art-
Union clique; and scores of lesser cliques, too small j
and ton numerous to mention. The tesult of ull this is ‘
seen in the upecuil noticen ot particular authoix, artists, t
editors, Ac., by travelling Letter-writers and Rook- j
makers, who visit us limn abroad; and whose ink
track* show very clearly the partienlar circle in which
they revolved. The ‘‘opinions” of all such writers ‘
must be taken emn < r.mn ,/ . Tell us in what circle
ih**v moved, and it is nn easy problem to predict what j
will be their peculiar views of New York art and liteia- !
Hire in general and of our N. York art is. sand Itteruteurs j
in particular. -A*. I'.
r*TA bol, seeking notoriety and money, prosecutes an
editor for a libel - gets “black mail,” ifhecan'in the way
of a settlement- if not, begets notoi iety, ‘any how.’ A l)r.
Underhill, a spirit rapper, sued an Illinois editor lor li
bel, for calling the doctor old doodle.”
The editor w as acquitted, but the doctor was fined f 20-t
for exhibi ing his mppii gs without a license. This was
more ‘Han be fcsgwued lor.
MACON, GEORGIA:
WEDNESDAY, MAY 25, 1
’ i•“ The Whigs of Bibb county and all others,
.--lio are opposed to the pr.nciples of the Southern
1 Rights Party, are requested to meet at the Court house
■n this city, at noon, on the first Tuesday in June next,
■o appoint delegates to attend a Gubernatorial Conven
tion to beheld at Milleilgeville on the fourth Wednes
day in June, and to transact other Important business.
Acknowledgements.
We are indebted to Mr. Charles A. Peabody, of Col
umbus Gu., for a basket of Huy ey’s .—codling St raw ber
jrios, which were so attractive a feature in the billot
j fare, at Concert and Temperance Halls, during the re
!cent Railroad Festival at Columbu’-. lliis delightful
jtruit is raised by Mr. Peabody, by sk.hltil cultivation,
lin large quantities during the entire season, and now
hat Railroad communication iscstablishcd with Colum
bus, we may expect to see it iu our market in great
abundance every day.
To our friend W. A. Joyce, of Second Street, who al
ways has on hand, the g(xl things which money can
buy or industy procure, we are also indebted, for sev
eral Dottles of very good wine, made in North
from the Scuppcrnong grape. The old North State has
other exports besides tar, bitch and turpentine, and
muiic which are decidedly more palatable. If any one
loubts this, let them try Mr. Joyce’s special importa
tion.
To Subscribers and other Patrons.
We have many subscribers and other patrons, who
never visit Macon, and whom, it is impossible for us to
call on personally, or by our agents. \\ e would request
dl such, to remit us our dues by mail at our own risk
and vve will send them receipts promptly. The certifi
cate of the Past-master, we will recognize as a receipt
|by us. Whenever a subscriber, who is not aware ot
j he actual amount he is due, wishes to make payment,
; he can forward us such sum a.* is convenient, and we
will credit him with it. It is hardly necessary to add,
how pleasant it would be, to receive a general and
n oinpt response to this call, from oil our distant or in
; accessible patrons, who are in arrears to us.
Z+iT Ti-morrow, the lion. Alexander IT. Stephens
will deliver an address at the New Depot building of
j die Stat** Road, Atlanta, on the life aud character of
I Daniel Webster.
We notice that a meeting is advertised, to be
field in Montieello, on the first Tuesday in June, for the
j pur] ose of taking into consideration the construction
ol ,i Railroad to Eatonton. The people of Jasper, have
■ not v et shared directly in the benefits of auy of the Rail
I wavs, of the State.T he distance from Montieello to F.a*
’ toiiton, is only seventeen mile- . The proposed road
I would place them in direct, aud uninterrupted commu
-1 nication with Savannah and Macon, and ire shall watch
with interest, their action tq on the subject
i Major George LTw iggs, a prominent citizen of
j Augusta, Ga., (second son of Gen John Twiggs,
! Revolutionary memory, and brother of Major General
I David Twiggs, of the U. S. Armv, > died ai his summer
J residence, nine miles below that city, on the l'fih
I .nllie 04th year of his age.
The Railroad Festival at C.’o!nmbits.
• The coin) lotion of the branch of Ihe Sou;h-Western
i Railroad Irani Fort Valley to Butler, the terminus of
i ihe .Muscogee Railroad, by which Railroad communica
ion was established between Savannah and Columbus,
was made the occasion for a joyous re-tin ion of the
[citizens of Savannah, Macon and Columbus. Large
delegations from the fivo former, visited the latter city,
’and were entertained with a cordial and complete bos
’ pituliti which will long he remembered and reciproca
ted whenever occasion offers. The guests of the city
|of Columbus started from Savannah on Thursday
! morning, reached Macon at 1 o’clock, where they re
ceived a large accession to their numbers, and ere sun
-1 down, were welcomed at Columbus by the hearty
•.greetings of its hospitable citizens. In this journey
>f near three hundred miles, in which they traversed,
•etwoen the rising and setting sun, the entire State, no
iccident or incident occurred to mar their enjoyment;
ait sale, as if in mid-air, they were borne on iheir
apid flight over the savannas and pine barrens, and
wumps and old red hills of Georgia, by the powerful
ngim-s i f tlie Companies, w hich might well he imagl
m-d to rejoice its a strong man to run a race, anil to
xu'.i in the exhibition of the immense energy which
,e* in tho’r hearts of flame and breath of smoke, upon
ii errand *o joyous and so innocent. Fiom the gurdi
m cure of the roads, 1 hey were transfei red to that of
lie city of Columbus, and knew not which most to
idmire -the happy progress or happy termination o*
heir journey. Major Howard, and C’ol. Seaborn Jones,
velcomed them to the hospitalities and the freedom of
heir city ; and Judge Berrien, oti their behalf, rc
*pon<led in one of the most felicitous speeches which
,iavt* ever fallen from the lips of that most felicitous
md incomparable orator. The “old man eloquent”
stands yet erect, and tall, as u brave old oak which has
mtilod with wind and storm —graceful as in its youth,
fixing as in the ripeness of its maturity—putting forth
,ts i-.ois broader mid bolder, to grasp with stronger
en... ity the soil which hrs nourished it so long, and
uakes p nfr.rt of himself against Ihe idea that the in
iriniiies of the seventh age of man are necessarily in’
■ vitable. Long may he flourish in his green old age,
lonotcd by, and lionoring the State whose annals lie
,ias illustrated. His presence was the crowning charm
upon this happy occasion, and the enthusiastic greeting
vliieh lie received showed how catholic is the influence
-ftime, and how the popular instinct which
recognizes and appreciates genius aud worth.
After the ceremony of the reception was over, the
-ousts were escorted to the Oglethorpe House, where
hey dispersed, to accept and enjoy the eager and gene
ally proffered hospitalities of the citizens of the place’
aid to rest, nfter a journey performed in thirteen
lours, which it would have taken the slow coaches of
heir fathers a fortnight painfully aud laboriously to
ccotuplish. On the morrow, Concert Hall was crowded
vi h the representatives of Macon und Savannah, and
heir intelligent hosts, and together they sat down, and
•obbed tune fora few short hours, which were devoted
o the good cheer, under which the bountifully-fur
iishi-d, and tusteful tables groaned ; and to the intei*
•liatige of sentiment, opinion and feeling, suggested by
in; occasion. The regular toasts were responded to by
he Hon. Robert Toombs, J. M. Berrien, E. A. Nisbei,
b It. Cuvier, aud other interesting speakers; and the
4 bit- was not deserted until the hour when the com.
any was summoned to a scene, not quite so fust el
utions in its mirth, but brighter in all its aspects, aud
note enduring in its memoriw*. Temperance Hall was
-i-owded on that evening with the beauty and fashion
•it Columbus; aud the strangers who participated in
lie festivities of the occasion, or gazed us
41,-011 this plmze of the social lilt* of out sister city, came
iwav ready to acknowledge that refinement and e •’
ranee belong exclusively to no locality in our favorid
jt.i e, and that there is an inUucncc more exhilarating
ban wine or wit or eloquence, und stronger than in
en-st or iron rails, in cementing the miiott of our
.-oj.-le, and breaking down the burners o’ local prt ji!-
Lce.
On Saturday morning the guests of the city of Colum
bus turned their faces homewards, and retraced their
-teps with the same safety and speed with which they
travelled westward. At M-wou, the Havtutnnh delega*
io!! were entertained by the city at the Lanier House,
villi an extempore dinner, siv.h as Messrs. Scott A
dibble alone can extemporize, and were sent upon their
\uy with cordially-kind wishes.
Altogether, this entertainment of the citizens of
‘ivamudi and Macon by Columbu was the most cum
dire which has ever teen witnessed in the ritu.c.
The freedom of the city ” in Columbus is no uumeiin
eg phrase. It does not mean the formal and soulless
icurtesies of a corporation w-olcotne, but a free, bound
ess, general, and genial hospitolity, in which all citizens
f all classes unite. The people of Columbus are very
Turks in their hospitality. Their arrangements were
‘complete— their strong meats, strong drinks, und light
[drinks, unexceptionable; and l’eubody’s strawberries,
1 -mothered in cream, would have tempted the appetite
■of an Apicius; but it was the sound, umuistakeable
I fie.rtitifM ot their hospitality w hich gave to the enter
laiuincm its flavor and zest.
I May we trust that this pleasant Festival mav not be
barren of results— but that all who shared in it, as hosts
|or guests, may be benefitted; that Columbus may de’
creo a divorce from the constrained und unwilling nup*
, lials in which she has been bound to the boisterous
I Gulf; that Macou may ultimately reap the fruit of her
noble sacrifice of local to State iu lores is, and ilia;
Savannah may ascend higher than the mole hills of her
vicinage, and take a more comprehensive anil appreci
at ing view of, and cultivate a closer intimacy and sym
pathy with, the great ami g: owing icterio \
Appointments to Office.
General Pierce was not elevated to tlic Presidency by
the strength of Democratic principles, or of the Demo_ I
ci atic parly, but by an impulse of the people. II a j
election by overwhelming majorities was no tribute to j
him, or to his party, but was a verdict of the people* :
giving their high sanction to the policy of the adminis.
trution of his immediate Whig predecessor, and their j
endorsement of the Compromise of The popular
opinion of the masses, that Franklin Fierce was a |
Compromise man, ami free from all coalition and com. i
plieitv with Free toilers at the North, or with Disunion- \
ists at the South, elected him bv triumphant majorities
and inaugurated his Administration without a show of
resistance from any party, or from any quarter; and
the Union men of the country, whether W higs or
Democrats, looked to him with confidence and hope foi
a tiold vindication of iheir principles, and for a stern
and systematic opposition to their enemies—to theene
mics of the Constitution, of the Union, and of tin
Compromise to the extremists of all parties, and o
all sections. Their expectations have been disappointed
the Administration has outraged,by its appointments
the public sentiment, which brought it into power. I
has formed nil open and avowed coalition with the fac
tions of the Democracy, and cemented it in the blood
of Union Democrats andW lugs; and to-day, the secre
dissatisfaction and chagrin, caused by its action thus
far, is as general its was the genera! feeling of confidence
and satisfaction which welcomed its advent into power
The “era of good feeling” cannot last. The Adminis
tration must adopt a policy upon domestic affairs, which
will oppose it to some of the different factions which
now vie with each other in the zeal of their support-
Now, the Union element in the Democratic party is
proscribed and banished from its places of honor and
influence; and, if we may judge by the appointments
of General Pi-re-- by the antecedents and the opinions
of the men lie has entrusted with office, that element
will have no voice in his Administration, and no influ
cnee in controlling and shaping his policy. Now, the
Baltimore Platform is practically spit upon, by an Ad
ministration which owes to it its success, and which
came into power pledged to carry out its principles*
and to recognize an adherence to them, as covering
completely its duty and its policy Now, the known
and avowed opinions of the Chief of the Administra
tion are not recognized by his Cabinet, by his party, or
bv its press; he docs not impress them upon his Ad
ministration of the general Government, but seemingly
helpless and impotent, yields them to the necessities of
his party, and condescends to be, not the President of
the United States, but the almoner of the bounties, and
dispenser of the pap, which a victorious party has at its
disposal.
We have nothing, thus fir, by which to judge the
Administration, hut its appointments Busily and in
dustriously presiding over the bread and butter depart
rnent, as the Rirhiwnd Enquirer says, it has no time
or interest, or inclination, for anything els-, until ii
shall have vindicated the first, great, cardinal, distinc
tive, and characteristic principle of Democracy, the
great fundamental dogma upon which, alone, the Cabinet
or the party is a unit, “to the victors belong the spoils.’’
Three months have passed, and there is no change in
the policy of the general Government—nothing to dis
tinguish it in any way from the Administration of Mil*
lard Fillmore but its appointments of Free Sobers and
Disunionists to office - nothing to indicate the fact that
a Whig Administration has been succeeded by a Demo
cratic Administration, but the removal of \\ higs from
office; and we are forced, in the absence of everything
else, to look to lb- appointments of the Administration,
and when we find in them the Union Democracy have
been overlooked, we must believe that their principles
have been proscribed, and that they will not oe illus*
trated in the tuture course of the Administration. Are
the Whigs proscribed by General Pierce? Aye! is the
response of the indignant Democracy, and they give as
tangible and practical proof, the fact, that Whigs do not
hold office under General Pierce. Neither do Union
Democrats hold office under General Pierce; and,
judged bv the same test, Union Democracy is as utterly
and us effectually proscribed at Washington City as
Whiggcry; and Union Democrats are placed in the
same position as Whigs towards the Administration,
and both must patiently await the great experiment
w hirh General Pierce is making, to unite the factions of
the Democracy by the strong cement of public plunder.
It may, or it may not succeed. It is a contemptible
basis upon which to build up a political organization,
and the following article from the New A oik Izrail—
the most efficient Democratic press in the last Preside!)
tial canvass indicates that the Union Democracy view
it with equal dislike aud distrust, and that Gen. Pierce
can not guarantee the unity of his party, as he has that
of his Cabinet:
‘ The appointments, it must be confessed, took most
people bv surprise. The names of Guthrie, Dobbin and
Campbell were new to the public; but flic President’s
choice was some guarantee frr their character -Mr.
Davis had opposed ihe Compromise Union measures
and advocated Southern secession; and Mr. M'Clelland
had made free soil speeches, and voted tor the Wilmot
proviso; but the surprise which their selection created
was overcome, and all thoughts of the past were foi got
ten, in anticipations of the future. Mr. Marcy was hard
ly the man the Union party expected to succeed Mr.
Kvere’t and Mr. Webster. The limited opportunities
he bad enjoyed for gaining a practical knowledge of
foreign affairs were no qualification for the post ofSc
cretarv of State; and however serviceable his dictum,
“to the victors belong the spoils,’’ had proved to the
democrats, the Union party could not help wishing that
thev had been represented in the highest office of State
by one whose notions of politics were not those of a
huckster. They had hoped, moreover, that wheu the
whole country had pronounced in favor of their doc
trines, the control ot so important an office as the De
partment of State would not have been entrusted to one
whom they regarded as.i deserter from their ranks Sim
ilar reasons contributed largely to the feeling of regret
with which many beheld Mr. Cushing's appointment to
the office of Attorney General, lie was undoubtedly a
man of considerable information, talent and experience
and brought to the Cabinet the resounces of a well cul
tivated niind. Hut these advantages were more than
counterbalanced, in the opinion of many Union men by
the versatility with which he had shifted his support
from the whig* to Mr. Tyler, from Mr. Tyler to the
coalitionists, and from the latter to General Fierce.
“Still the Union party uttered no complaint. They
regretted that the first official act of the President
should have fallen short of their expectations ; but
their regret was endured in silence. That the Admin
istration was neither strong nor united they felt convin
ced, and they feuied that it would not piove a Union
administration
“It had never entered their minds that a Cabinet,
called to power by a vote that might almost be called
unanimous would have been composed in nearly equal
projHirtions, of men who had given the public no proof
of ilieir l ight to the position and men whose antecedents
were hardiv in their favor. A Southern secessionist—
a Northern lice soder—an untravelled sot. shell acon
vei ted whig—were not precisely the materials out of
which the Union party fancied the new ad ministration
would huvrb.cn composed. Still, for all slips ot the
President they found a ready consolation in the san
guine confidence they .had never ceased to entertain in his
wisdom. New men mignt prove true; the damaging
antecedents of others might be cflnccd bv noble deeds
Mr. M’Clelland, they said, might atone for his vote on
the Wilmot proviso by a course of unflinching fidelity
to ihe Union ; Mr. Davis might obliterate the recollec
tion of his career as a Sou hern secessionist by similar
proofs of his amendment, Mr Cushing might serve the
democrats more truly than he has served the whigs, and
even Mr. Marcy might give symptoms ol disinterested
patriotism. _ _ |
“liensoiling in this wise, and abandoning the cquivo- j
cal pleasures of memory for the unalloyed pleasures ot |
hope, the Union party forbore to interrupt the univer- j
sal pcan wi ll which General Pierce’s administration
was inaugurated. Not a sigh betrayed the misgit ings
ol their hearts- Where alt was rejoicing, and gladness,
and proud exultation, they schooled their face into radi
ance, and forced themselves to participate in transports
that private apprehensions sadly belied The future,
indeed, was yet before them, heavily mortgaged with
the expectations they hat! formed, tnc hopes they had
raised, die pledges they had given: and to that future
they looked W a wan ant for their present demonstra
tions ofjoy.
“Os that to'tire ten weeks bare now elapsed. What
have they brought forth ?
“Mr. Mai cy has appointed all his friends and relatives
! to handsome offices, and has beguiled the time by <l>-
| piuting the public plunder with the President and hi*
j colleagues. Nothing more. Mr. Davi- ha.-, organized
I three expeditions to discover a mu e tor ihe railroad to
the Pacific. Mr Dobbin lias curriedou ; Mr. Kenned. s
plan for the Ringgold exploring expedition. Mr. Gu.li
ne has commenced the work of examining the govern
ment eon t sets. Mr. Campbell has effected a reform in
our foreign postal arrangements, and is shortly expect
ed to turn Ins attention to our domestic post offices.—
To Mr. M’Clelland aud Mr. Cushing we can trace the
performance of no task worth mentioning.”
1*1“ Father Gavnizi whs presented, at Metropolitan
Hali, in New Voik, on Friday evening with a check for
41,000, and an English and Indian Ruble The present,
it is stated is intended as a testimonial of esteem on the
part of his friends Kev. Dr. Cox made the lormal pre
sentation in the presence of a ia ge audience, who were
ad mitt oil at gh tents each, which amount is to be de
voted to building a church lot- Gavuzzi. A gentleman
present on he occasion pledged himself to give < i.uoo
toward erecting the chinch.
„ George E. Squicr, Esq., formerly U. S. Charge
to Central America, is making quite a figu.e in Nica
ragua. We sec that several persons presented him wnh
n letter, signalizing his great services to Nicaragua—as
its “ genet olls ami ardent friend,” “zealous and inde
fatigable defender,” Ac., &c. “Hisarrival caused the
liveliest pleasure,”— and in his person, they intended
to present to the government and people of the United
States a demonstration of their devoted friendship.
! Grecly, of the New York Tri-une, wU<, though I
an advocate of the worst “isms’ of the Jay, is a man >
| great ability, and an editor of great experience, ihu- j
j speaks of the duties and labors and necessary qualifi.
| cations, of a conductor of the press, and of the absolute
: necessity for a division of labor in the editorial depart*
; tnent of a paper, to make it able and interesting. Every
j one who is familiar with the duties of au editor, will en
: dorse every tiling which he says ujKin this {mint. In
! the majority of the newspapers, of this State, not only
j is there no division of editorial labor, but the editor is
i compelled to perform an amount of physical labor,
• more onerous than the appropriate dut es of his office,
o be at the same time, clerk, foreman, proof-reader
nail-agent and editor, to superintend a job office, to al
oud in short, to the mechanical, financial and editorial
lepartments of a paper—to perform more than Ids pro
portion of duties to the public, and to make his paper
dways and at all times, and under all circumstances, in
; cresting, instructive, and agreeable Ilorse-flesh could
io*. stand the imposition of such a load. Is it surpris
ing, therefore, that men often fail under this constant
* Iraia, upon their physical and intellectual s l ength—
ail nor only to sa’isfv their inexorable task-masters—
the public—but to fulfill in th conduct of their papers,
heir own faintest conceived notions, of their duties and
esponsihililies.
“ lie tnay worry on for years, but his columns will
! soon be gaunt, his bruin overworked, and his subscr.-
■ bers hanging on only because they hate to leave him,
j not because they want to read his paper. Under such
j circumstances, he does not -so much aid the cause to
which his paper is devoted as it aids him. He leans
upon and lives by it - not it by him.
“ We speak from much experience, and we assert
what the judgment of reflecting readers must approve.
] The writer hereof had no other ambition in boyhood
! than that of obtaining usefulness and position as an ed-
I itor ; the s’tidies and efforts of his life have all tended
:to this end. Yet he lacks very many qtialideations e>-
i sential to the making up of a poweriul and useful jour
nal -lacks classical, critical, agricultural, financial, for
eign, political, musical and other knowledge, which can
1 only be supplied through a division of editorial labor.
We seriously doubt that anv living man knows enough
to master the various knowledge demanded in the edi
■ torship of a good newspaper.
“Os course, we know that a periodical devoted to
some single topics or class of topics—-Agriculture, Tem
perance, Abolition or Odd-Fellowship—requires a lar
, narrower range of capacities, and may perhaps be con-
I ducted with decent efficiency by a single editor. Such
’ a sheet is not properly a newspaper, but a series of
: tracts, put form at stated periods. It may be very ne
! cessary and very useful; but a newspaper is another
‘matter. And, even in conducting this periodical tract,
! it is no’ good for one man to be alone. lie may easily
| write ii all and have time to spare; but he should have
hours for profounder reading, for methodical investiga
| tion ; he should enjoy opportunities of travel and heai
! tv communion with his fellow-men, for want of which
I some editors lose all - \ mpathy with the age in which they
ilive, and drift unconsciously back into the Xlih can u
-Iry or thereabouts. A life in a closet, even with a prim
ing office adjacent, is no fit preparation for an editor’s
responsibilities In no other country is editorial labor
i so excessive, so unremitted as in this, where scissors to
; a great extent do duly instead of investigation and
study, and where the force of editorial strictures is ol
j ten obscured by the inaccuracy of reports and a gener
; al slovclincss with regard to details.’
? SpThe subject of an annual State Agricultural Fair
; is agitated in North Carolina, the first to take place during
j the next fall, and a meeting has been called at Raleigh to
! procure subscriptions from its citizens, in older lose,
cure the permanent location of the Fair in that ciiy.
j jjf* The ship Adeline, has been chartered by the
j American Colonization Society, and will sail early in
i the next month, from Savannah, with emigrants for the
colony of Liberia. We understand there are already
forty applicants for passage, and others are expected
from the interior of the Siate.
•Tg*” The election in Virginia for members of Con
gress, of the Legislature, and of the Board of Public
Works, takes place to-mourow, the 26th inst. The last
‘ Legislature which recently adjourned, remodeled the
Congressional districts, and we have little hope that
the Whigs will he able to carry a single one of them.—
1 We notice that among the candidates for Congress are
I three gentlemen connected with the press, one of whom
is Mr. Snowden, the able and independent editor of the
I Alexandria Gazette.
Death of P. 11. Connelly, Esq.
; This gentleman so widely and favorably known
| throughout middle Georgia, died very suddenly at his
■j residence in Jefferson county, Ga , on the 17th inst., in
‘the -> Ist year of his age. The Savannah /.’ q- Han
thus notices this melancholy event:
“The deceased was well known in Georgia, having
been a prominent man in Jefferson county, for many
j rears, lie leaves an interesting family, and one of the lar
j gest fortunes in the State—the result of patient iudus
itrv, enterprise and strict integrity. Distinguised for
j rare sagaci; v and knowledge of men, he was no less es
i teemed for his unbounded hospitality, which he disp. n
; sed on a scale commensurate with his ample means.—
! Few men will be more missed from the walks of the
living, for few men have accomplished more in the
, sphere in which they moved. To the poor he was ever
jit friend. They resorted to him, no? only for assistance
but for counsel also. In this way, he was not uufre- j
qucntly the means of adjusting difficulties, of prevent
ing litigation, and protecting the rights of the ignorant
and penniless.
The void which the death of such a citizen creates
cannot easily be filled. The poopleof Jefferson and the
I adjacent county, have cause to mourn the loss they
have sustained. We can say of our own knowledge,
j that among the many intelligent planters in Georgia,
not one possesses a sounder judgment, a kinder heart,
‘ora more genial nature, than the friend whom they
j have lost.”
CtiNTit\l Route to th:: Pacific.—Mr. Elisha Riggs,
; of the firm of Corcoran & Riggs, and his young brother
William Henry, and H. Rodgers, Esq., member of the
j bar at Washington, and son of the late Commodore
! Rodgers, left this city last night, on board the steamer
| ■r , for Kansas, to join superintendent Beale in bis
new route to California. As the superintendent will
have left Kansas when these gentlemen arrive there,
they will take a light carriage, drawn by six Mexican
mules, and run fifty miles a day, until they overtake
him. Thb* is courageous on tlio part of those gentle
men, and shows their reliance on superintendent Beaie,
j with whom they are well acquainted. These gentlemen
have no Government employment, and go as amateur
travellers to see the grand features of tlu-tr own country,
and to form their own opinions of the practicability of
the noblest work which the mind of man ever con
ceit ed. They have seen Europe and Asia, and mean to
see the ied/e of their own country. Superintendent
Beale, Mr. Harris Heap, and their company, leave
Kansas to-day. Col. Benton, who went with them to
that point, and made speeches to the people on the
: subject of the road at Kansas, Westport, and Inde
pendence, returned yesterday, and reports the spirit of
! the country to be high for the central rente. \Ve un
derstand that the becretary at War, Hon. Jefferson
Davis, is organizing the expedition for the central route,
iand has associated with it Mr. R. H. Kern, who was
one of Fremont’s comrades, and with him in his last
j disastrous expedition, and bus also authorized him to
i employ St. Taplin, who was also one of Fremont’s
comrades, and with uiiu when his expedition was
! buried in the terrible snows of the Sierra San Juan.—
i This is a compliment to Fremont, to employ two of his
comrades to take up his wotk where he was stopped.—
As for Fremont himself, he was detained, we ttnder
• stand, too long by the writ against him lor the debt of
tlie United States in London to come home in time to
be employed in any of the Government expeditions,
but be was collecting fine instruments in London, and
j would be at home in time to make a winter expedition,
■ and prove the practicability of his cherished central
route in winter as well as in summer.— Et Louis lMmo
\crct, .1 fiy 11.
Cos rapt rulma a/ the J urnul of Commerce.
From China.
Canton, Much 10 ISoS.
1 have nothing to say about business, and write tuere
! Iv to give you < h and t* of the day about the rebellion. It
i has made great head certainly ; and though it is ini] oa
isible to say, among the thousand and one rumors, what
is correct, l believe \vc are on the eve of considerable
changes. Lust night a story was afloat, said to have
been In ought by an express earner in eight days, and
to have leaked out of the Va-muu, tnat Nankin bad
been taken. I think it extremely probable; and, if
cue, the whole affair will, be decided erelong; tor
Kishen, one of the cle.eres, men iu the Empire, is in
the vicinity, wi h a host of Coreans. Mongols, and T.ir
i .ars, he bes t o.tps in China, and a collision mud eti
j sue On tlie event of the battle depends .he fate of he
Ihi one, tor 1 suspect the Emperor is 11. av in die held
iwo hall the men he can raise; and if defeated now, he
[must go to the wall, and if victorious, ihe insurrection is
: crushed.
i 0! a!! the stories connected wish the uffitir, none has
1 It-e Iso persevered m from t.ie coiiimeace uen ,as .in.
j assign.ng leadership aud miiuence to lore goers; and
j there really seem liiauy grounds for the belief. The.
a;e called by many the “Ghns.iaas,” ihe “Go 1 worship
| pets,” and it is said that they observe Sunday. The la
i test takes this form :
I There are four men, wearing the Chinese dress, but no
| talking the Chi .ese language well, who are at the head
j i>f the rebel council of war, and without whose sanction
j 110 s‘cp is taken. These men are generally supposed to
; be French Jesuits ; and if Catholicism forms an element
| of the combination, the farther north they go thestron-
| gar they become, as that religion is more widly ditTiseu
jiu that qu liter. Tiie r success iu the battle again >t the
! Imperialists, and the uiditaiy skill which ha- eharactei
| ized some of their movements, give additional >tierg:i
;to the snpposi ion of foreign aid. Sji long as these ii. -
i turbancos commue, trade must be more or less adec ed
bn the success ot the rebels, 1 aru inclined to dunk,
i would revolutionize the whole policy of China, foreign
iand internal; anti we may look for uu exteusioa ot oui
: privilege* and of general commerce.
Fifty Thousand M >it — -The 3£.>iU Tribune says
Wo are glad to lea n that y'.n,. on, the amount askt
for by the Girard Railroad form our eitizeus, was silt -
seribod yesterday within a few hours: This augu
well for the loan proposed to be obtained from the cd.,
and may betaken as an earnest that Mobile w ill st
that the entire road from the Chattahoochee to our buy,
will be put through during the next three years:
Town Ji*-t'fin,*.
\ Urge and rc:> efubie tine rg of *J, C t ; A>J . S
i Mayon was hchi at the C< until Chamber on t| )t . t . v , _
j ingot the !-nh inst., to take into consideration t],i,
cation of the Common Detail provided for in the and,”
tract between the Railroad Companies and thccitv and
to take such action in relation thereto as might’ seen
primer and necessary. ” 111
The mo:* i*g was b-ganized by calling J. H. It. Wash
mg on. Esq., t > the Chair, and appointing Clirtoid ‘
derson to act as Secretary. * v *
i m* object of the meeting being briefly explained > -
the Chair, * * .*
R. S. Lanier, F.sq , addressed ihe meeting in a r
remarks, and concluded bf offering the follow dm
lot ions, of whi.-h he was not the author, but present i
them in obedience so .he request of other gentlemen
Ho begged to he excused from serving on the Com- ,11
tee provided lor by the third Resolution:
PREAMBLE AND RESOLUTION'S.
Whereas, on the 24th day of January, a fO ,
tract was made between the city of Macon on the , r ”
part, and ihe Central. South Western and Macon a: ‘
Western Railroad Companies on the other part, * v |,].,7
by the said Companies, for certain specified comi
therein named, bound themselves to build a (Vii
Passenger Depot at the intersection of Mulberry ;i r’’
Sixth streets, and to erect at said place valuable •
ex'ensive buildings; and when the consent of the i- j.
zens was obtained to said junction, it was nui*ie -,n
essential consideration to such agreement, that ;j.
Common Depot should be located as above -spud;;,],;
And whereas, the said Railroad Companies, ihon-di
now enjoying all the privileges and benefits which me
to he obtained by the just fulfillment of said enntrac*
do now refuse to build, or to curry out their comme
nd engagements to the city of Mact n, to the g !e;4 . \
jury and detriment of her citizens:
i’ errfure 1 e it Rejoiced, That the City Council be
instructed to adopt immediate measures to obtain In- i
redress from said Companies, either compelling thyi-j
to fulfill the contract, or to deprive them of all privi
leges which that contract was to confer.
Re-ad rid. If any member or members of the Citv
Council, from any cause whatever, shall feel umvilli- -
to obey the above tesolufion, that such member Ji
members be most respectfully requested to resign.
Res./red. That u Committee of three be appointed
from this meeting to co-operate with the City Council
in the procurement of redress, in the selection of legal
counsel, and for the adoption of all such measures as
mav he deemed advisable.
Quite a lengthy discussion then arose, in which
Messrs. L. 0. Reynolds, J. J. Gresham, J. Rutherford
C. Anderson, Isaac- Scott, D. C. Hodgkins and It. ,s
Lanier participated, when
The question being called for, the Resolutions wen
adopted with but few dissenting voices.
The Chair appointed under th-* tbit* Resolution tie
following Committee: Messrs, t V. Ells, Cuas. Cau.j
bell. and Dr M. A. Franklin.
On motion, the proceedings < i the meeting were m.
dered to be published in the c: . papers.
The meeting then adjourned.
J H. R. WASHINGTON, Ch’n.
Clifford Anderson, Set-’y.
Z3T* The Crystal Palace attracts ’-its who ride
up to see how it gets along, *• t: i* u yet an affairof
much interest in itself Stitt -g * vho have not been
upon the ground for two or *.:>■ years, are astonished
at the building up of the g* al vicinity. ludeni
few weeks have been sntficieii- for great advancerne-:
That lately desolate region is beginning to till up with
good buildings, and to huve the air of city motion and
business But the visitor finds little to detain bint vet.
A general glance i< enough, and he soon comes awav.
The Crystal Palace begins to show its proportions; bin
the swelling dome is yet wanting. The visitor is ft- - tl l
out; and after looking a few moments at what lie can
see, he concludes to “wait a little longer.” —Eeeii
Mirror.
The Crystal Palace.—This week will make a
great change in the appearance of the Crystal Palace.
To day or to-morrow, the large lantern, twenty feet in
diameter, intended to surmount the dome, will be hois
ted to its proper height, by tackling already arranged,
and four of the iron ribs ot the dome will be immedi
ately put in place to sustain it. Probably all of the
ribs will be put up during the week, when the palace
will be seen in its proper proportions.
Confidence is still entertained that them; in part of
this immense structure, the body of ihe building, will
be complete by the Ist of June Over 4- u men are
employed on it. To-dav. the American quarter of ihe
building, which is the northeast corner, adjoining th**
refreshment saloon, will be given over to the hand*!-!
the Association, that the cases, tables Ac., tor the dis
plav of goods may be arranged. The department fur
machinery, agricultural implements, Ac., which is dis- •
tinct from this is not yet prepared. The roof is now I
nearly complete except the dome, and the floors are in I
such a forward state that forty-eight hours will 1
suffice to finish them, after the dome is tip. Tie-?
is comparatively little more glazing to be done The
ealleries are to be faced with an ornamental railing of
iron wire, wainted white, with gilt resettles, and lined
with crimson cloth. The outside of the budding will
be bronzed, with all the prominent points touched *
gold. The effect, yvhen lighted tip bv the son, will I* I
very superb. The whole structure wifi be surround*:
with a substantial wrnught-iron fence, 6 1-2 feet in
height, to he erected the present week. The -| ice in- j
tervening between th*- fence and the Palace will be ter- i
raced and laid out in flower beds and grass plats.—.
V. Jour. Com.
Smithsonian Institution.
Bv an act of Congress, approved August 1", 1-4 • j
the President and Vice President of the L mted States- j
die Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasurv. 1
the Secretary of War, the Secretary of the Navy, the j
Postmaster General, the Attorney General, the Chief I
Justice, the Commissioner of the Patent Office of -h- j
United States, and the Mayor of the ci'v of Washing- j
ton, during the time for which they shall hold fin- r I
respective offices, and such other p*;rsons as tln-y I
elect honorary members, are constifu ed “.1 < 1‘ - I
l'shment (a/the n- ni*- of the Smit/tsi-nion fnstittd o/>. ‘ I
the increase n 1 and frnsitm of Jcnotr/elae amove? inert”— I
Th** members and honorary members of this Es'all-sh I
nient, are to hold such stated and special meetings f-r I
the supervision of the affairs of said Institution, ard I
the advice and instruction of the Board of Regents. - o I
whom the financial and other business is entrusted. - I
These meetings are to be called in the manner pr>ti- I
dt*d for in the by-laws of said Institution, at witch tit I
President, and in his absence, the Vice President - f 1
the United States shall ]>reside.
The Institution or Establishment held a meeting on 1
the Ist of August, Is tU, at which President Tavkr I
presided. At this meeting the following gentlemen 1
were elected honorary members, viz:
Hon Albert Gallatin, of New York
Dr. Rlxjamix Silliman, of Connecticut.
Dr. Robert Hakc, of Philadelphia.
Washington Irving, of New York.
A committee was also appointed to draught a I
by-laws for the government of the future meetings ■
the Institution. The death of the President, liowe* * 1
and the subsequent resignations, j-v-vented the ] ‘ I
fonnance of this duty by the commit ee.
I’resi<lent Pierce directed the call < f another we -1
for the ”and of May, in the session ha-1 of the snii'h-B
niaii building, at il o’clock, A M., but less than k• I
the number of members being present, the meet*:: ■
after receiving an account from the Secretiry of ’■ ■
organization and operations of lltc Institution, djour: ■
ed to meet on the 17th instant
The adjourned meeting of the Institution was y ■
cordinglr held on Tuesday, the 17th. in the session h- ■
of the Smithsonian building, at 11 c'-lock, A.M-
Present, Franklin Pierce, P-csi tof the l ■
States, ex officio President of the Smithsonian Ig>' :
tion.
William I*. Marcy, Secreta- f Stare.
James Guthrie, Secretary o: he Treasury. a
Jefferson Davis, Secretary < f War.
.Tahf.s C. Dobbin*, Secretary of the Navy.
J ames Campbell, Postmaster General.
Caleb Crsai.vo, Attorney Gen- r -fi
Charles Mason, Commissi*- Patents.
John W. Mai ry. Mayor of *v . .ngton.
Joseph Hcxrt Sec’yMhe S ■’ •■iiian Institv.
The President took the chair. •• he minutes es
previous meeting were re<ui.
On morion, the President arqtiinteda cotn:ni ,,e? 1
five to draught a code of by-laws The committee
sisted of the following persons: Messrs Cushing. I' l jB
bin, Maury, Davis, and the Secretary.
The committee, after deliberation, reported
their chairman, Mr. Cushing, the following as th
laws of the Smithsonian Institution.
1. A stated annual meeting of the statute and |
members of the Institution shall be held in the 1
the Institution in Washington, on the first Tu - Jgj
May. Adjourned meetings may be held at such P’tl
and time as the meniliers of the Institution |
meeting shall order Special meetings will 1 j*|
vened by the direction of the President of theU 1
States; \ ..M
•J. Notice of all meetings of the Insiitut.on, ■
stated, adjourned, or special, shall be given by j
rotary in writing, addressed to each member. M
?. The votes and proceedings of the Insffi m r |
the names of the members present at each M, e. j
shall be recorded, aud at the opening of eveiy tan 3
the journal of the preceding meeting shall be rt, ‘ J
the Secretary. M
4. A quorum of not less than six of the *'U'> J 9
bers shall be requisite for the iransaction ot lin ' ’ ■
ness, except adjourning or obtaining the atten 1 * 3 I
members. , n
. The Secretary shall, at .he stated annual n o 1
milk. l a general statement of the condition an
of the Institu ion during the past year.
•>. Honorary members, not exceeding 0I ) e ’ ‘ , ■
a t:.f, sliitil be elected by ballot and by uinuiini 1 9
of the statute members: Fmri l>-d, that nope' ■
be chosen without having been nominated a! l ; 1
ous meeting of the Institution. ... M
7. The rules of parliamentary proceed jfl
ccived mid practised in the Senate of the Lo• ..9
shall govern the meetings oi the Institution. 9
which are not inconsistent with the foregoing 9
On motion, the report of the commit teel
The Secretary presented an account ot t'.f M
tion and operations of the Institution reb' l *® fl
eeption aud publication of memoirs, resw- jf*
formation of catalogues of libraries, the aeco 1
the state of the funds, and the policy wim -
‘ll-* formation of collections, &c. 1
Oil motion of Mr. Davis, nominations J y M
•■oived for the appointment of an honot** m
be Institution, to be made at a succeeding j
Tbe moating then adjourned to the n ?t
!une, at 11 o’clock, A. M.
‘*r The “Pacific Railroad” from S'. I I
vood, a distance of thirteen and a halt ut 11 •, j, „
don the 1 1 th instant, aud it is expecte’ , p |tt 1
eeks moie i< will be completed to the ‘
.iue utiles. H
23J” Humboldt, the philosopher, MM
mgnetic table-moving, and advise* ‘ s .jJUjil
•insulted him on the surged to “ lr . K ’
some youugei biid.”