Newspaper Page Text
lonrnal £ ‘Hlcsstngcr.
J. KNOWLES and S. ROSE,
EDITORS INI) PROPRIETORS.
Voir for (■ovrnior in Is:7-*.v.l
iiHsr niKTiirr.
183!*. 1857.
COUNTIES. if?
I r. • */
Appling • 121 H3l 143 278
Bryan lit* 177 188 163
Brooks S*l 222 o*t* <*••)
Bulloch 2** 596 27 883
Berrien 138 S4B 2*7 282
• ’hat ham 838 738 B*4 1093
Camden 37 133 83 188
Clinch 79 *BB 254 221
Coffee Ou** o>j 134 184
Chariton 000. OOu 37 163
I'olqiit 57 162 76 124
Echols **oo *wm) 000 000
Effingham 252 135 224 184
Emanuel 173 445 331 408
•ilynn.,., 39 191 93 179
Irwin o**o OdO 70 263
Liberty 141 * 232 158 23*>
Laurens 825 134 * 519 60
Lowndes 193 266 413 456
Montgomery ... 000 000 342 48
Mclntosh 88 137 66 162
Bierce 86 2*4 000 000
Thomas 398 522 435 463
Telfair 137 2t*3 174 144
Tatnall 000 000 229 247
Ware 45 229 84 280
Wayne 26 18*) 48 191
33**2 6233 5111 6475
PKCOSO DISTRICT.
Baker 114 2**3 214 529
Chattahoochee.. 25J 300 290 369
Clay 216 270 223 275
Calboun 97 302 162 228
Dougherty 211 310 245 325
Decatur 532 540 524 456
Dooly 244 564 280 486
Early 222 229 123 216
Lee *22 229 248 262
Johnson o<X* 000 OOu 000
Mitchell 98 358 00** 000
Muscogee 853 747 925 656
Macon 401 898 428 271
Marion 364 43* 526 510
Miller 44 201 44 245
Pulaski 159 416 248 474
Viuitman, 185 213 000 UOO
Randolph 486 541 563 811
Schley 214 228 000 000
Stewart........ 680 568 626 581
Sumter 64 1 517 832 613
Terrell 881 280 354 252
WofOT... 26* * *6*o 000
Webster 281 2l JiJj
6917 8532 7276 7937
THIRD DISTRICT.
Butta 289 416 336 390
Bibb 911 970 846 868
Crawford 241 411 320 388
Houston 544 378 663 557
Harris 697 466 730 518
Monroe 658 562 697 56*)
Pike 396 66*1 498 597
Spalding 445 515 481 478
Taylor 3*l 883 327 381
Talbot.: 579 494 640 486
Upson 558 296 652 318
FOCRIH DISTRICT. .
Carroll 481 1200 627 1023
Cow ant 306 B**2 678 834
Clayton 285 375 000 000
Cobb 699 1158 745 llB*
Campbell 405 802 s**2 663
I>eKaib 284 723 457 664
Favette 805 557 537 678
Folton 1115 1191 893 I**64
Heard 392 559 422 459
Henry 636 643 7*.*B 648
Meriwether 620 668 711 687
Troup 801 329 97 9 335
6529 So**T 73.*** 8235
riKTH bISTKICT.
Gas? 867 1051 75 1050
Cherokee 450 1154 768 1099
Chattooga 362 536 439 504
Catoosa 366 431 323 419
Dawson 000 UOO 000 000
Dade 000 GOO 918 239
Fannin 118 663 119 626
Floyd 859 870 770 892
Gordou 431 884 497 816
Gilmer 126 962 142 902
Haralson 40 393 71 357
Murray 7 06 815 813 629
Milton 000 000 000 000
Polk 384 302 424 275
Paulding 260 800 304 725
rickens 75 759 228 593
Walker 445 854 511 674
Whitlield 582 865 476 777
6268 11661 6398 1**577
SIXTH ItIVTBICT.
Banka 90 501 o**o 000
Clarke 535 495 677 398
Franklin VO 884 205 1045
Forsyth 319 746 ISB 759
Gwinnett 676 1051 877 811
Hall 448 808 571 690
Habersham 137 690 290 1078
Hart 188 748 213 608
Jackson 384 878 630 722
Luiapkin 356 549 667 732
Madison 208 469 261 436
Rabun 40 567 62 601
Towps 25 330 21 307
Union 53 760 124 501
White 94 412 000 000
Walton 285 566 554 721
4370 11118 • M4o 9289
SKVSXTH DISTRICT.
Baldwin *OS 414 397 363
Gretne 615 2V 612 2CB
Hancock 356 325 464 3oS
Jones.... 162 295 285 569
Jasper 431 412 422 399
Morgan 344 244 382 237
Newton 714 76*) 854 685
Putnam 279 375 817 351
Twiggs. 163 339 248 363
Wilkinson 357 627 407 694
Washington.... 650 680 691 696
4338 4767 5**79 4544
——T- TV” ‘ ~
EIGHTH MrfTllirT.
Burke 289 611 321 574
Columbia. 399 434 435 372
Elbert. 406 531 382 613
Glascock 7 289 000 000
Jefferson 596 420 297 351
Lincoln... 188 222 201 217
Oglethorpe 372 487 384 495
Richmond...*.. 1110 894 1092 825
Scriven 240 298 234 230
Ta hater ro 189 218 167 254
Warren........ 285 556 315 655
Wilkes *2l 41S 814 401
4185 5777 4112 4892
Dalton iso JacasoaviLLa Rail Roao.—We
learn from the Daltou Times that the contract for
the grading and masonry 011 the Dalton and Jack
sonville Rail Road, has been let out to O'Hara k
Ltiinon, from Dalton to the Alabama line, a dis
tance of 64 miles. They are to commence the
work by the 2nh inst., and complete it by the Ist
of January, 1861. The distance yet to let, from
the State line to Jacksonville, is 27 miles. We also
learn that the grading on the Selma and Tenues-ee
Road, from the town of Talladega to Jacksooville,
i* finished and ready for the crosslies aud iron.—
The gap* completed, aad a connection will be form
ed between Selma, on the Alaabama river, and the
aftate Road at Dalton, Ga.
Hhitisu thanks to Mr. Was.—The Washing
ton correspondent, of the New York Herald states
that a communication has been received at the De
partment of Slate from the British Government,
tjrough Lord Lyons, requesting that their ac
knowledgmenta may be conveyed to Mr. Ward, our
Minister to China, and Commodore Tatuall, for
their ftiendly conduct at the affair of the Peih®. *
Fait* of Sir John Franklin.
THE EXPLORATION AND DISCOVERY.
Interest itiir Krporl of * apt. *l*('lil)fo<k.
The following extract from the report of (’apt.
M'Ctiutock, of *bc British Navy, and commander
of the Vox in the recent exploration in search of
the long lost navigator, Sir John Franklin, will bo
found deeply interesting;
******
Our wintering positiou was at the east entrance
to Bcllot Strait, m a snug harbor, which I have
named Fort Kennedy, after my predecessor in
these waters, the commander of one of Lady
Franklin's former searching expeditions. Although
vegetation was tolerably abundant, and our two
Esquimaux hunters, Mr. Peterson, and several
sportsmen, constantly on the alert, yet the resour
ces of the country during mouths yielded us
eight rciudecr, two bears, 18 seals, and a few wa
terfowl and ptarmigan.
The Winter was unusually cold and stormy. —
Arrangements were completed during the Winter
for carrying out our intended plan of search. I
felt it to be my duty personally to visit Marshal
Island, and in so doing purposed to complete the
circuit of ig William's Island.
To Lieut. Hobson 1 allotted the search of the
western shore of Boothia to the magnetic pole,
and from Gateshead Island westward to WyniaU’a
furthest. Capt. Allen Young, our sailing master
was to traee the shore of Prince of Wales’ Land,
from Lieut. Brown's furthest, and also to examine
the coast from Bellot Strait northward, to Sir
James Ross’ furthest.
Early spriug journeys were commenced on the
17th of Feb., 1859, by Capt. Young and myself,
Capt. Young carrying his depot aeross to Prince
of Wales’ Land, while I went southward, towards
the magnetic pole, in the hope of communicating
with the Esquimaux, and obtaining such informa
tion as might lead us at once to the object of our
search.
*1 was accompanied by Mr. Peterson, our inter
preter, and Alex. Thompson, quartermaster. We
had with us two sledges, drawn by dogs. On the
28th of February, when near Cape Victoria, we
had the good fortune to meet a small party of na
tives, and were subsequently visited by about 45
individuals.
For four days we remained in communication
with them, obtaining many relies, and the informa
tion that several years ago a ship was crushed by
the ice off the north shore, off King William's
Island, but that all her people landed safely, and
went away to the Great Fish River, where they
died. This tribe was well supplied with wood, ob
tained, they said, from a boat left by the white
men, on the Great River.
We reached our vessel after 25 days’ absence, in
good health, but somewhat reduced by sharp
marching and the unusually severe weather to
which we had been exposed. For several days af
ter starting, the mercury continued frozen.
On the 2d of April our long-projected Spring
journeys were commenced ; Lieut. Hobson accom
panied me as far as Cape A ictoria, each of ns had
a sledge drawn by four men, and an auxiliary
sledge drawn by six dogs. This was all the force
we could muster.
Before separating we saw two Esquimaux fami
lies living out upon the ice in snow huts; from
■'ir’V- learned that a second ship had been seen
off King William*
ashore on the rail of the same year. From this
ship they had obtained a vast deal of wood and
iron.
I now gave Lieut. Hobson directions to search
for the wreck, and to follow up any traces lie might
lind upon King William’s Island.
Accompanied by my own party and Mr. Peter
son, I marched along the east shore of King Will
iam’s Jsland, occasionally passing deserted snow
huts, but without meeting natives till the Bth of
May, when ofl’ Cape Norton we arrived at a snow
village containing about thirty inhabitants. They
gathered about us without the slightest appearance
ot fear or shyness, although none had ever seen
living white people before. They were most will
ing to communicate all their knowledge and barter
all their goods, but would have stolen everything
had they not been very closely watched. Many
more relics of our countiymen were obtained ; we
could not carry away all we might have purchased.
They pointed to the inlet we had crossed the day
before, and told us that one day’s march up it, anil
thence four days overland, brought them to the
wreck.
None of these people had been there since 1857
—B, at which time they said but little remained,
their countrymen having carried away everything.
Most of our information was received from an
intelligent old woman ; she said it was on the fall
of the year that the ship was forced ashore ; many
of the white men dropped by the way as they
went towards the Great River; but this was ouly
known to them in the Winter, following when their
bodies were discoveied.
They all assured us that we would find natives
noon the south shore, at the Great River, and some
few at the wreck ; but unfortunately this was not
the case. Only one family were met off Point
Booth, and none at Montreal Island or any place
subsequently visited.
Point Ogle, Montreal Island, and Barrow Island
were searched without finding anything except a
few scraps of copper and iron in an Esquimaux hi
ding place.
Recrossing the Strait to King William’s Island
we continued the examination of the southern
shore without success until the 24th of May, when
about ten miles eastward of Cape Herschell, a
bleached skeleton was found, around which lav
fragments of European clothing. Upon carefully
removing the snow a small pocket book was found
containing a few letters. These, although much
decayed, may yet be deciphered. Judging from
the remains of his dress, this unfortunate young
mail w-as a steward or officer’s servant, and his po
sition exactly verified the Esquimaux's assertion,
that they dropped as they walked along.
On reaching Cape Herschell next day, he exam
ined Simpson’s Cairn, or rather what remains of it,
which is only four feet high, and the central stones
have been removed, as if by men seeking some
thing within it. Mv impression at the time, and
which I still retain, is that records were deposited
there by the retreating crews, and subsequently
removed by the natives.
After parting from me at Cape Victoria on the
28th of April, Lieut. Hobson made for Cape Fe
lix. At a short distance westward of it he found
a very large cairn, and close to it three small
tents, with blankets, old clothes, and other relics
of a shooting or a magnetic station, but although
the cairn was dug under, and a trench dug all
round it a distance of 10 feet, no record was dis
covered. A piece of blank paper folded up was
found in the cairn, and two broken bottles, which
may, perhaps, have contained records, lav beside
it among some stones which had fallen from off
the top. The most interesting of the articles dis
covered here, including a boat's ensign, were
bronght away by Mr. Ilobson. About two miles
further to the southwest a small cairn was found,
but neither records nor relics obtained. About
three miles north of Point Victory a second small
cairn was examined, but only a broken pickaxe
ami empty canister found.
On the 6th of May, Lieutenant Hobson pitched
his tent beside a large cairn upon Mount Victory.
Lying among some ioose stones which had fallen
from the top of this cairn, was found a small tin
case containing a record, the substance of which
is briefly as follows :—This cairn was built by the
the Franklin expedition, upon the assumed site of
Sir Janie Ross's pillar, which had not been found.
The Erebus and Terror spent their first Winter at
Beechy Island, alter leaving Wellington Channel
to lat. 72 deg. N., and returned by the West side
of Cornwallis’ Island. On the 12th of September,
1846, they were beset in lat. 80 05 X., and long.
98 23 W. Sir J. Franklin died on the 11th of
June, 1817. On the 22d of April, 1818, the ships
were abandoned five leagues to the X. X. W. of
Point Victory, and the survivors, 105 iu number,
landed here under the command of Captain Cro
zier. This paper was dated April 25, 1848, and
ufon the following day they intended to start for
tde Great Fi%h River. The total loss by deaths in
the expedition up to this date was nine officers and
fifteen inen. A vast quantity of clothiug and
stores of all sorts lay strewed about, as if every
article was thrown away which could possibly be
dispensed with ; pickaxes, shovels, boats, cooking
uteueils, ironworks, rope, blocks, canvas, a dip cir
cle, a sextant engraved “ Frederic Hornby, U. X,”
a small medicine chest, oars, Ac.
A few miles southward, across Back Bay, a sec
ond record was found, having been deposited by
Lieut. Gore and M. des V<eux iu May, 1857. It
afforded no additional information.
Lieut. Hobson conliuued his search until within
a few days’ march of Cape Herschel, without find
ing any trace of the wreck or natives. He left
full iuformation of his important discoveries for
me; therefore when returning northward by the
west shore of King William's Island, I had the
advantage of knowing what had already been
found.
Soon after leaving Cape Herschell the traces of
natives became less numerous and less recent ;
and after rounding the west point of the island
they ceased altogether. This shore is extremely
low, and almost utterly destitute of vegetation.—
Numerous banks of shingle and low islets lie off’ it,
and beyond these Victoria Strait is covered with
heavy and impenetrable packed ice.
When in lat 60 deg. 60 min. X., and lon. 99
deg. 27 min. W., we came to a large boat, discov
! ered by I.icut. llol>soii, a few days previously, ns
! his notice informed me. It appear* that this boat
I bail been intended for the ascent of the Fish River
Shut was abandoned apparently upon a return jour
ney to the ships, the sledge upon which she was
* mounted being pointed in that direction. She
j measured 28 feet in length, by 7| feet wide, was
most carefully fitted, and made as light as possible,
but tbe sledge was of solid oak, and almost as
heavy as the boat.
A large quantity of clothing was found within
her, also two human skeletons. <>ue of these lay
in the alter put of the boat under a pile of cloth
jing; the other, which was much more disturbed,
probably by animals, was found in the bow. Five
pocket watches, a quantity of silver spoons and
forks, and a lew religious hooks were also found
• but no journals, pocket-book*, or even names upon
1 any articles of clothing. Two double-barrelled
guns stood upright against the boat’s side precise
i Jy as they bad been placed eleven years before.—
i One barrel in each was loaded and cocked ; there
j was ammunition in abundance, also thirty or forty
pounds of chocolate, some tea and tobacco. Fuel
was not wanting ; a drill tree lay w ithin one hund
red yards of the boat.
Many very interesting relics were brought away
by Lieutenant Ilobson, and some few by myself.—
On the sth of June I reached Point Victory w ith
out having found anything further. The clothing,
Ac., was again examined for documents, note
books, Ac., without success, a record placed in the
cairn ; and another buried 10 feet true north of it.
Nothing worthy of remark occurred upon my
return journey to the ship, which we reached on
the 19th of June, five days after Lieut. Hobson.
The shore of King William Island between its
north and west extremes, ('apes Felix and Cro/.ier,
has not been visited by Esquimaux since the aban
donment of the Erebus and Terror , as the cairns
and articles lying strewed about, which are in their
eyes of priceless value, remain untouched.
If the wreck still remains visible, it is probable
she lies upon some of the off-lying islets to the
southward, between Capes Cro/.ier and Herschel.
On June 28 Captain Young and his party re
turned, having completed their portion of the
search, by which the insularity of Prince of Wales’
Island was determined, and the coast line interven
ing between the extreme points reached by Lieu
tenants Osborne and Brown discovered ; also be
tween Bellot Strait and Sir Jamos Ross’ furthest
in 1849, at Four River Bay.
Fearing that his provisions might not last out
the requisite period, Captain Young sent back four
of his men, and for 40 days journeyed on through
fog* and gales with but one man and the dogs,
building a snow hut each night ; but few men
could stand so long a continuance of labor and
privation, and its effect ii[>oii Captain Young was
painfully evident.
| Lieutenant Hodson was unable to stand without
assistance upon bis return on board ; be was not
in good health when he commenced this long
journey, and the sudden and severe exposure
1 brought on a serious attack of scurvy, vet he most
I uoblv completed his work ; and such facts will
more clearly evince the unflinching spirit with
; which the object of our voyage lias been pursued
in these detached duties than any praise of mine.
We were now, at length, all on board again. As
there were some slight cases of scurvy, all our
| treasured resources of Burton ale, lemon juice and
j fresh animal food were put in requisition, so that
rlively short time all were restored to
l sound health.
from all that can be gleaned from the recorded
paper, and the evidence afforded by the boat., and
various articles of clothing and equipment discov
ered, it appears that the abandonment of the Ere
bus and Terror had been deliberately arranged,
and every effort exerted during the third Winter
to render the travelling equipments complete.
It was much to be apprehended that disease had
J greatly reduced the strength of all on board, far
more perhaps than they themselves were aware of.
The distance by sledge route, from the position
of the ships when abandoned, to the boat of 65
geographical miles ; and from the ships to Mon
treal Island 220 miles.
The most perfect order seems to have existed
’ throughout.
In order to extend as mueh as possible the pub
lic utility of this voyage, niagnetical, meteorologi
cal, and other observations, subservient to scien
tific purposes, and for which instruments were
supplied through the liberality of the Royal Socie
ty, have been continually and carefully taken, and
every opportunity has been embraced by the sur
geon, I). Walker, M. I)., of forming complete col
lections in all the various branches of natural his
tory.
This report would be incomplete did 1 not men
tion the obligations I have been laid under to the
companions of my voyage, both officers and men,
by their zealous and unvarying support through
out.
A feeling of entire devotion to the cause, which
Lady Franklin has so nobly sustained, and a firm
determination to effect all that men could do,
seems to have supported them through every diffi
cultv. With less of this enthusiastic spirit, and
cheerful obedience to every command, our small
number—23 in all—would not have sufficed for
the successful performance of so great a work.
F. L. M’Cumtock, Captain, R. N.,
Commanding the Final Searching Expedition.
The yacht Fox, R. Y. S., off’ the Isle of Wright,
Wednesday, Sept. 21, 1859.
The Senatorial Flection.
We observe that the Independent Opposition
candidates for Representatives in Floyd county—
who had declared themselves in favor of the re
election of Judge I veison to the United States Sen
ate —have been elected by large majorities over
their Democratic competitors, who were opposed
to Iverson. These Opposition gentlemen in Floyd
no doubt expressed a preference for Judge Iver
son because they understood him to occupy a po
sition similar to their ow n—that of independent of
the Democratic party organization. With the same
understanding, a few months ago, we declared our
decided preference for Senator Iverson over any
mere blind partisan. But tbe incidents of tbe con
test through which we have just passed show that
Judge Iverson occupies no such independent posi
tion—that he has committed his political fortunes
to the Democratic party and will go into their Leg
islative caucus as a candidate for its nomination.
The election of the Democratic ticket for the Leg
islature in this county was strongly and warmly
urged on the ground that it w as important to have
the vote of the Muscogee delegation for Iverson in
the Democratic caucus; the Opposition ticket was
opposed because its nominees would not, if elected,
be qualified to go into that caucus. The concur
rence of Judge Iverson in this party programme
is proved by his active exertions iu behalf of the
Democratic ticket. If common report may be be
lieved, he not only took a prominent part in the
exclusive Democratic caucuses held to promote the
election of the ticket, but engaged iu the open can
vassing to secure it.
Had Judge Iverson lived in Floyd, he must, to
preserve his consistency, have labored in the same
earnest way to defeat the Opposition gentlemen
running as his friends; for Mr. Howard, one of
our Opposition candidates iu this county, was well
known to be the friend of Judge Iverson, and yet
the Judge joiued in the extraordinary efforts made
to defeat him. The obvious reason—Mr. Howard
could not have gone into a Democratic caucus and
there supported Iverson. Neither can the Floyd
county gentlemen go there, and they will exhibit
Christian magnanimity indeed by sanctioning by
their votes in the Legislature a caucus edict w Licit
they were not permitted to join in making, or by
supoorting in any wav a candidate who looked to
other aid and counsels than theirs for his success.
It is now evident tiiat the Opposition will have a
very respectable strength in the Legislature, ami
another noticeable result is that many of tliose
counties that, during the spring and summer, de
clared such a decided preference for Judge Iver
son, have elected Opposition members. Had Judge
I. maintained the position of independence of party
which we were led to expect from his Pacific Rail
road aud Griffin speeches, there is little doubt that
nearly all of these men would have been his friends
and supporters ; but we have no idea in the world
that they are going to break into a Democratic
caucus to give him aid, or, indeed, that they would
be permitted to do so if they tried. And another
idea occurs to us as of very probable verification,
viz: that of the members qualified to <jo into a
/democratic caucus, a majority are opponents of
Judge Iverson. We have very little doubt of it,
for those sections of the State in w hich the doc
trines of his two speeches are unpopular have elect
ed a large majority of the Democratic members.—
Here is a very ugly dilemma likely to be encoun
tered. How it is to be met we know not; but we
insist that as the wagoner wilfully drove his own
vehicle iuto the mire, he has no claim on our Her
cules to help him out. — Columbus Enquirer.
t.JT’ The Hon. Eli Shorter, M. C. from Alabama,
rays: “ Douglas is a great man in many senses of
the word; great in talent, in oratory, in ambition,
and in treason to the South and his old party,
which has showered its honors upon him. But he
will find that the State rights democratic party is
far greater than himself. He stands not a shadow
of a chance for the nomination at Charleston, i
would as soon expect to see that Convention nomi
nate Seward, Hale, or Giddings, as Douglas. I
would vote for one of them as soon as I would vote
for him.”
.Source* of I't riililf Iu Soil*.
Liebig, in bis chemical researches, says ; “ If we
calculate, from t..e result ol ash analysis, the quan
tity of phosphoric acid required by a wheat crop,
including grain and straw, we find the wheut de
mands more abundant supplies for phosphoric acid
than other plants. Wheat consume* phosphoric
acid in greater quantities during the growth of the
seed than at any other period ; and this is the time
when practical men believe the soil to suffer the
greatest exhaustion. I’lants in general derive their
carbon and nitrogen tiom the atmoshpere; carbon
in the form of corbouic acid, nitrogen iu the form
of.ammonnia; from water (and ammonia) they re
ceive hydrogen ; and sulphur lioui sulphuric acid.”
Boudrimont mentions the existence of interstitial
currents in arable soils, and tbe influence they ex
ert on agriculture, lie states “ that there is a nat
ural process nt work by which liquid currents rise
to the surface, and thus bring up materials that
help either to inaintHiri its fertility or modify its
character.” Many phenomena of agriculture and
vegetation have at different times been observed
which, hitherto inexplicable, are readily explained
on this theory ; such, for example, as the improve
ment that takes place in tallows ; and there is rea
son to believe that these currents materially inliu
enee the rotation of crops.
Take the masterly views of Schlieden, in Germa
ny. He asset ts that “ the goodness of the soil de
pends on its inorganic constituents ; so far, at least,
as they are soluble in water, or through continued
action of carbonic acid, and the more abundant
and varied these solutions tbe more fertile is the
ground.”
The amazing yield of Indian corn in Mexico, from
two to six hundred fold, is something which, with
all our skill, we cannot accomplish, and is a fact in
favor ol the argument “ that in no case do the or
ganic substances contained in the soil perform any
direct parts of the nutrition of plants.”
All chemists are agreed as to the source from
which the oxygen and hydrogen of plants are de
rived, the principal of which is water. All of them
agree that the carbon of vegetables is derived
principally from the air, partly from the soil. It
becomes evident, then, from tbe most conclusive
proofs, that humus iu the form in which it exists in
soils does not yield the smallest nourishment to
plants. The excellent advantages derived from the
experiments of talented and industrious men, who
have directed every effort to aid practical agricul
ture, justly entitle them to golden praise from man
kind. Liebig has the intuit of having been the
first who laid before tbe public some views as to
the source of the constituents of plants. He re
marks ; “ How does it happen that wheat docs not
llourish on sandy soil, and that a (calx or) calcare
ous soil is unsuitable for its grow th, unless it is
mixed with a large quantity of clay ? It is because
these soils do not coiitain alkalies and certain other
ingredients in sufficient quantity ; and, therefore,
the growth of the wheat is arrested, even though
all other substances should be present in abun
dance.”
In some soils there may be too much straw-mak
ing food, but not enough for the maturing of the
grain. Again, the absence of tbe necessary mois
ture in tbe soil will cut off the supplies of food to
plants. But an excess of it may cause available
food wanting for tbe development of the grains to
be appropriated to the straw. In very wet seasons,
especially in the absence of undergrains, where
there is much straw-making food and a deficiency
of phosphates, the latteF is taken up by the stalks
and leaves, to the loss of the grain ; hence, some
soils may yield less grain in it wet season, but more
straw, than they vfould do in a dryer one, other
things being equal.
“Grain is carried Lo thq cities, and the substances
in the soil that made it are removed faraway from
the original source, and the soil is robbed of it, and
but a small portion of their elements are sent to the
soil from whence they were taken.” In nature’s
economy nothing is lost; but when man displaces
things he should put them back again in their own
places. The wheat grower should return to his
lands in the shape of fertilizers the same elements
w hich he has taken, or he will soon find the soil
exhausted, so that he cannot produce the same
grain In many of our best wheat-growing places
in the West the lands are so much exhausted that
wheat crops do not pay for their labor and expense
of grow ing. The common opinion hitherto preva
lent, and still held by some, that the soil of the
West cannot be exhausted, is therefore a great
mistake.
In our cultivation of wheat we have exhausted
the soil of so much of the elements that produce it
that maize is fast taking the place of wheat, espe
cially in the prairie districts, where the ground is
less protected by the snow in the winter than in
others. In Canada, where the winter is severe, the
ground being covered by snow, the wheat doesnot
suffer as that sown in more changeable climates.
It is found bv experience that in a climate where
there is little snow the land needs to be fertilized
and ploughed deep, in order to give the roots a
strong hold in the soil. Fertilization will cause a
vigorous growth, and the roots of plants in well
prepared soils strike deep and hold fast. This in
creases the growth of the plant and augments the
quantity and quality of the crops.
[Correspondence of the Boston Cultivator.
Simplicity of Dremi,
Prentice, of the Louisville Journal, speaks thus
to his readers : “ Those who tliiuk that, in order
to dress well, it is necessary to dress extravagantly
and gaudily, make a great mistake. Nothing so
well becomes true feminine beauty as simplicity.
We have seen many a remarkably fine person
tobbed of its fine effect by being over-dressed.
Nothing is more unbecoming than over-loaded
beauty. The simplicity of the classic taste is seen
in the old statues and pictures, painted by men of
very artistic genius. In Athens the ladies were
not gaudily, but simply arrayed, and we doubt
whether any ladies excited more admiration. So
also the noble old Roman matrons, whose superb
forms were worthy of them, were always very
plainly dressed. Fashion often present* the lines
of the butterfly, but fashion is not a classic god
dess.”
There are seven reasons why farmers are health
ier than professional men, viz:
1. They work more and develop ull the leading
muscles of the body. v
2. They take their exercise in tbe open air and
breath a great amount of oxygen.
3. Their food and drinks are commonly less
adulterated and far more simple.
4. They do not overwork their brain as much as
industrious professional men.
5. They take their sleep commonly during the
hours of daikness, and do not try to turn day into
night.
6. They are not so ambitious and do not wear
themselves out so rapidly in the contest of rivalry.
7. Their pleasures are simple and less exhaust
ing.
The %\ onderfitl Growth ok Memphis, Tens.—
I roin a long article in tbe Memphis Enquirer, in
which is it description of some of the improve
ment* now being made there, we make the extract
below. The Enquirer minutely describes whole
blocks ol business houses lour and five stories
high, and many private residences, of palatial mag
nificence, among these improvement ; but we have
room only for the Following :
It is variously estimated that there are at the
present time in process of erection, or about to be
undertaken, no less than 1400 or 1500 buildings in
the citv mid suburbs. Wc think, however, we may
safely say 1000 ; and many of these are as magni
ficent stores and dwelling houses as are to be found
iff any city North or South. Our city is enlarging
her borders, although it now covers an area of
two miles in length by one in breadth, is lengthen
ing her cords, and, we trust, strengthening her
stakes. The forest is being felled that our city
may have room for growth. The same spirit of
enterprise and activity that lias cleared forests,
built eilies, founded churches and school houses,
constructed rail roads, ocean and river steamers,
and given to the world the telegraph by which
continents are brought into close proximity, enabl
ing them to hold constant intercourse with each
other, and feel the warm heart-throb of humanity,
is here at work. The sound of the axe and hum
mer, spade and trowel are now heard where for
est trees were waving their green foliage, beneath
whose brandies the red man but a few years ago
built bis wigwam, or iu whose shade the beasts of
the forests slumbered in their luir.
Goon Crofpimi. —We have undoubted authority,
that a young mao in Natchitoches, Martin Barnes,
by his own labor, aided onty three months by one
hired hand, has raised a crop of cotton for which
one of his neighbors offered him, a few days ago,
fifty bags of cotton, just a? it stood, in the latter
part of August, lie had in cultivation thirty-five
acres, and the entire yield, it is thought by good
judges, will be seventy bags, worth, net, at fair
calculation, three thousand five hundred dollars!
His outlay, beyond bis own labor, was not more
perhaps, than fifty dollars. What stock he worked
we have not been informed; but not probably
more than one horse, for we know that one plow
steadily plied, is capable of cultivating 35 acres of
cotton, on a light soil, in a favorable season, as the
last has been.— Natchitoches (/-<*•) Chronicle , 1W
inst.
py Gahriel Jones, convicted of the murder of
Landrum, was, on Tuesday last, sentenced to the
Penitentiary for lile.
MACON, GEORGIA :
Wednesday, October 19,1859.
r:TTO\ MAKKET.
Mason, Oft. IM. There is good demand to
day ni 1’ f for good Middling. Lower grades dull.
BACRTLEGE
Soon* graceless scamp lias stolon the box at the
Post Office, containing contributions to the Mount
Vernon fund. It contained but a few dollars, and
will be replaced.
JUDGE LCV i.
Has resigned his Judgeship,and Hon. A. H. llan
sell, has been appointed by the Governor in his
place. He also retires from the K’irr-ffrtoi Re
porter, which is nos owned inclusively by Maj.
Cline.
LATE ELECTION*.
Returns from Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, lowa
und Minnesota show Republican triumphs. Much
solicitude was felt in regard to the latter State in
view of the Presidential question. The Republi
cans seem to have carried Governor, Congress and
Legislature. Indeed, free-soilisui appears to have
taken possession of the north and w est, whilst upon
the border States insurrection is now raging. So
we go. See postscript.
Milledgeville exchanges make Governor
Brown’s majority about 21,000. A few couuties
to hear from.
POST OFFICE.
We are requested to say that hereafter, the Post
Office on Sundays, will be opened from 12 to 1
o’clock, P. M., instead of from 5i to P. M.
DEATH OF DR. THOMAS HAMILTON.
We copy the following notice of his death from
the Rome Courier. He died at that place on the
9th inst. He was for many years a resident of
Jones county, and Clinton, where he commenced
his labors as a physician, and attained a high posi
tion in the profession. He was a man of extensive
charities to the poor, both in his profession and
otherwise. He was the friend and protector of the
widow and orphan, and some, whom we well know,
still live to shed a tear at his death and bestow a
blessing to his memory.
“Dn Tuouas Hamilton died in this city on last
Sunday morning. He was about 70 years old, and
for many years before he quit the practice, stood
at the head of the medical profession in the Chero
kee couuties. He was a man of tine literary and
scientific attainments, a substantial friend to the
poor, and a most worthy and much beloved citizeu.
His remains were interred on Monday evening
with Masonic honors in due from.”
DEMOCRACY-MILITARY DRILLING.
We clip the following from the Macon Journal
Jb Messenger, to-wit:
“ The Columbus Times, noticing the large ma
jorities of Gov. Brown in upper Georgia, eayi
Cherokee is w heeling iuto line. The democracy iu
that region have so long been under drill majors,
that they would eclipse in their graceful evolutions
even Captain Colquitt’s admirable ‘ Light Guards.’ ”
It was to imitate the Democracy in Cherokee,
that the gallant Capt. Hardeman was ordered to
the command of the Opposition forces iu the 8d
District. Never did the “ Floyd Rifles” go through
such u course of drilling, forced marches, sleep
less nights, vigilant watching and poor subsistence,
as did these men in the last contest. And though
the fight was won, the Captain has left many of
of his troops sneered on the fields of Crawford and
Pike, beside loosing, here and there, throughout
the campaign, drums, haversacks, knapsacks, ra
tions, baggage, camp stools, equipments, etc., etc.;
totally disqualifying bis men for another rencontre.
We advise the Captain to embark in the recruiting
service, when he goes to Washington, and study
carefully the muster rolls, lie will want more sol
diers in the next tight. His good drilliug wont
suffice then I— Columbus Times.
Our gallant Columbus contemporary must admit,
that it requires men of vanied expedients and large
and versatile resources to meet and overcome
modern democracy. Since the days of Jackson,
“ Scott’s Tactics” have been discarded, because
unsuited to the foe. Had not Capt. Hardeman, in
his marches, been obstructed by a bootless Guber
natorial canvass—had he, as was desired, fought
solely under the old American banner, without the
unmeaning and indefinite insignia, “ Opposition,’’
he would have secured a more signal victory.
We predict, that if let alone, democracy, like
Saul, will “ Speer ” itself in less than two years,
and play the dead march of its own funeral with
muffied drums, taken in the late conflict. The
Americans can well spare them for such an occa*
si on.
NEW DRESSES.
The Charleston Courier and Charleston Mercu.
ry —two of our most valued exchanges, come to
us in new and handsome garb. They merit the
largest success.
Two criminals are sentenced to be hung at
Marietta, on Friday, 20th. Mr. Lingo, for the murder
of Duncan, and Gann, for the murder of Collins.
EJF” There are thirteen churches in Atlanta ; 2
Baptist, 2 Presbyterian, S Methodist Episcopal,” 1
Congregational Methodist, 1 Protestant Methodist,
1 Christian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1
African Methodist.
Florida Election.
The indications ure that Judge Dupont has been
elected Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and the
Hon. W. A. Forward and D. S. Walker, Associates.
At the eleetion of Mayor and Aldermen of
Savannah, on Monday, Dr. R. D. Arnold and the
“ People’s Democratic ticket” were elected by an
average majority of 260 votes overThos. M. Turner,
Esq., and the “ Democratic ticket.”
TYRANNY OF PARTY.
Never was the iron rule of party more fully il
lustrated than in the vote recently cait for Gov.
Brown. We presume it is notorious that his most
bitter enemies and maligners were those of his own
political household. A few days previous to the
election, a leading democrat assured us openly
and loudly, in the presence of many gentlemen,
that if we would go with him to his office he would
prove the Governor anything but an honest and
honorable man. What then was our surprise to
learn, subsequently, that thisisarae gentleman vo
ted for Brown—endeavoring however, to neutral
ise its moral effect, by writing on the back of the
ticket, “ tpicae /”—thus showing that he was will
ing to swallow a most nauseating dose to serve
and save the party.
Another gentleman, of influence told us but a
day or two before the election that he should vote
for Brown, but would prefer to see Akin elected.
He must go for the party. Is it any wonder that
the country is sick unto death, when its best men
and interests are crushed under the iron heel of
party V
Eastern Circuit. —Young J. Anderson, Esq.,
has received an Executive appointment to the post
of Solicitor of the Eastern Circuit, vice Julian Hart
ridge, Esq., resigned. The appointment is a good
one.
“Texan Paradlset.n
A correspondent from Blanco county, Texas,
remonstrates against the currency given by the
New- York papers to glowing descriptions by inter
ested parties of the richness of the resources and
pleasantness of the climate of Western Texas. —
From Indiunola to Fredericksburg, from New
Braunfels to Fort Merrill, on the Nueces, he says
that the country is fit only for a stock country, the
seasons being so uncertain that a man is consider
ed fortunate if he raises corn enough to suffice lor
his wants. As has been the case for the two sum
mers previously, a great drought prevails just
now over a large portion of Western Texas. Up
to the 18th ult. not a drop of rain had fallen in the
writer’s neighborhood for over two months, and
most of the streams had ceased running.
A Lilc-Llke Picture.
The Floii. Benjamin 11. Hill, of Georgia, says the
Richmond Whig, has made very apparent his pow
ers as a faithful artist, in the folks* ing picture of
Modern Patent Democracy, drawn in a recent letter
written to Alabama. No one can deny the entire
truthfulness of the likeness. He says :
“ For several years the leaders of this party
have been clamorous throughout the South, during
every canvass, with professions of devotion to the
interests of this section of the Union. They have
vaunted it as the only reliable party for the South,
and everybody who refused ro act with it, has been
denounced as untrue, and the ally of Abolitionism.
But what are the facts of history :
In the first place, every Abolition leader for the
Presidency, from 1848 to now, lias been taken from
the Democratic party. And what is more signiti- ;
want, every such leader, when he chose to return, j
has been received back into the Democratic party,
without any repentance, and without the retraction
of a single word of his Abolition heresy ! Mr. Van
Ruren went back only <leclaring that under the
Kchtsas Democracy, Dree soil ism could best accom
plish its mission, and with this strong declaration
on his Ups, and printed and published, he and lii>
Soft associates were received into the Democratic
fold !
Again, we have heard much of the Wilmot Pro
viso, Squatter Sovereignty, Unfriendly Territorial
Legislation, and non-protection as to slave proper
ty, etc.; but will the people of the South learu the
significant fact that each of these heresies had it*
father in the Democratic party ? Yet this is no’
only so, but the most vigorous and powerful of
these fathers are at this very moment the leaders ot
the Democratic party, and aspiring to the highest
honors of the Nation !
Freesoil principles then, received their strength
from, had their birth, and now find their home in,
the Patent Democratic Party !”
B. Donnki.lt Speaking for Himself.— The fol
lowing letter was brought to our office says the
X. Y. Post, by Gov. Wise’s correspondent, B.
Donnelly, 3 William street, himself, who insists
that the ingenious argument against his existence,
which we published yesterday, is good for nothing.
He states that the gin lie advertises is the same
that was used by Peter Cagger iu managing the
Democratic Convention at Syracuse.
“ To the Editors of the Erenin y Post :
The sceptical correspondent of the Mobile Reg
ister, whose last effusion you have printed, is la
boring under the impression that ‘B. Donnelly A
Cos., No. 3 William street, New York,’ is a myth.
Such is not the case, we are happy to inform you.
Our business has been iu successful operation since
last May, and is daily increasing.
We are importing an article of Gin, (being in
the liquor business,) to bo called the 4 Regency
Gin.’
Details will be given In a few days, by adver
tisement in every paper in the United States ; and
we only desire to say at this time, that it will be of
a superior quality, intended for the use of poli
ticians at conventions. One bottle will carry a
primary election, two will suffice for a county-con
veution, and ten, it is guaranteed, will control a
State convention. B. Donnelly A Cos.,
No. 3, William st., N. Y.”
We would suggest that the occasion may de
mand a good supply of Mustang Liniment and
Rhadway’a Ready Relief. A few undertakers
should also be in readiness to bury the dead.
Second TieUiodist Church.
The second Methodist Church in this City, says
the Columbus Times, was dedicated Sunday, the
9th inst. Rev. Dr. Lovick Pierce preached the
sermon for the occasion, -assisted by Dr. Alfred
Mann in the exercises. The church is a beautiful
piece of architecture, and accommodates about five
hundred persons. The pulpit is arranged with taste
and tire rich colored glass in the window, in its
rear, has fine effect. This congregation will have
a choir, as the first Methodist Church, and the la
dies and gentlemen will sit together. Rather an
innovation upon the old established rules and cus
toms of Methodism, but one which carries with it
many advantages. Besides, it meets the sanction
of all, and more especially the Pastor, Dr. Pierce
himself, who has been a Minister of the Methodist
Church for more than half a eeutury. The second
Church has been built, of course, from the pressing
necessity of auother charge for so large a Congre
gation as that which worship from Sablialh to Sab
bath in the old Methodist Church.
In this sermoo, on the Sabbath, Dr. Pierce was
justly severe upon those visitors of a church, who
have so little regard for the convenience of tbe
fairer sex, much less the want of gentility, as to
spit streams of tobacco upon the floor. He is the
Pastor untH the assembling of the Conference.
The Methodists of this City are well pleased with
their Ministers.
Two Sharps. — An old man picked up half a dol
lar in the street “Old man, that’s mine,” said a
keen looking rascal, “ Did yours have a hole in
it y” asked the old gentleman. “ Yes,” replied the
other, smartly. “ Then it is not thine,” rejoined
the old gentleman, “ Thee must learn to be a little
sharper next time.”
Cass Countt.— This county, the home of War
ren Akin, Esq., the Opposition candidate for Gov
ernor, was carried for Gov. Brown by nearly 200
votes—almost as large as his vote over Hill. Gov.
Brown carried his own county by double the mi.
jority he received two years’ since, reaching the
figure of 600 votes in whole numbers. He sweeps
Cherokee! Columbia Timet.
The old adage, “ new broom,” Ac., does not hold
good in this case.
IST The Mobile Tribune says that the southern
community are beginning to be extremely weary
of Senator Douglas. No wonder. The Memphis
Avalanche says : “ If the Dred Seott decision is to
be trampled in the dust, and the sacred rights of
property, the protection of which is one of the first
duties of government, repudiated, for heaven’s
sake let the infamous outrage be committed in the
name of black republicanism instead of democracy.”
Tobacco In South-wealem Virginia.
The Richmond Dispatch says the growth of to
b&cco in South-western Virginia is rapidly engross*
ing the attention of the farmers, and in Washing*
ton county, alone, over 1,000 acres will be planted
with the weed next year. In that county, this
year, there are 800 acres growing, which will yield
800 pounds per acre, equal to about 118,000.
Probable Recovery of Stolen Honey.
The Constitutionalist of Wsdnesday morning
says : “It is reported that within the past few days
it has been discovered that a portion of the money
which was stolen from the Adams Express Compa
ny, at Montgomery, last winter, has been circulat
ing in Charleston. The police of that city are on
the track of the party passing the money; and it is
probable that a portion af it, at least, will be re
covered.”
Dalton and Jacksonville Railroad.
We learu from the Dalton Times that the con
tract for the grading and masonry on the Dalton
and Jacksonville (Ala.) Railroad, has been let out
to O llara A Lamon, from Dalton to the Alabama
line, a distance of 64 miles. They are to com
mence the work by the 20th instant, and complete
it by the Ist of January, 1861. The distance yet
to lei, from the State line to Jacksonville, is 27
miles. Ve also learn that the grading on the Sel
ma and Tennessee Road, from the town of Talla
dega t Jacksonville, is finished and ready for the
cross-ties and iron. These gaps completed, and a
connection will be formed between Selina, on the
Alabama river, and the State Road at Dalton, Ga.
Census of Richmond County.
Mr. G. A. Barker has furnished the following
statement of the Census of Richmond county :
Males between 6 and 16 1,377
“ under 1,017
“ over 3,862
Females between 6 and 16 1,336
“ under 6 987
“ over 16 8,362
Whole no slaves, 8,109
Free persons of color 346
Total 20,162
(Among them are:)
Deaf and Dumb
Luualiea
Pork Trad --Opening Price*.
In this market there having been no contract
made, so far as we have heard, though there are
buyers for November at s.> 75, and we understand
that one party oilers £O, but it is generally supposed
that they want them to fill those contracts niude at
$6 25 to 6 75 last season, for delivery the- coming
November. Tbe present active demand for bacon,
and the barenness of the market ofhams, together
with those contracts, it is supposed, will make the
market open high, probably £>, as many think, but
the greater majority of dealers are determined to
hold back until prices rule at a safer point is fixed
in their minds at $5 or thereabouts.— Cincinnati
Price Current.
1 lie Jcnnlngk Etlntr.
It is stated that the incinbeis of ibe branch of the
Jennings family, who claim to be the lu-irs of the
*4*’ ,oo<\ooo awaiting a claimant iu England, assem
bled at Charlottesville, Wednesday, the sth inst.,
to the number of fifteen. It is believed that they
resolved to send an agent to Europe.
The way Choate \\ orked. —How often have I
observed that, let a friend or client call on Mr,
Choate at hie bu.-itst moment, and he w ould turn
to ins visitor with all the case of an idler. There
was no wrinkling of the brow, nothing in the look
or gesture, which said that the interruption was
unwelcome and must be brief. He cduld always
a fiord to be interrupted ; and the reason was that,
when the interruption was oxer, he could return at
once to his study ; and w hen lie studied, he knew
how to studv.— Parsons.
An
In a certain county in our State the late election
was very close, and in order to carry it for the De
mocracy, the aid of about one hundred, some say a
hundred and twenty, votes of the “ vote early and
vote often” class, were called in, or rather bought
in, to secure the desired result. These hundred, or
hundred and twenty, as the case may be, had been
“caged” for a day or tw o previous to the time when
they should “ exercise the prerogative of freemen,”
and, consequently, had time to get relieved from
the effects of bud liquor. When ihe wagons and
purchaser of the votes arrived, to convey the pa
triots to a remote precinct to cast their suffrages,
where they would be free from unpleasant inter
ferences, tbe most of fchem were sober,
to make us much out of the occasion us possible.
Five dollars was the price per head, and as each
inter got into the wragoi: the amount was paid to
him. The buyer soon found that he had paid for
considerable more than one wagon load, and yet
the wagon was comparatively empty. Such a sin
gular state of affairs led him to an investigation ;
when lie found that the “ freemen” would get into
the wagon from one side, after having received his
$5, he would jump out at the other and come
around :o be paid over again / One individual had
obtained £ls in this way. This, of course, was put
* stop to, but the buyer was unable to collect any
reclamations. Some of our Macon friends may be
able to locate this incident.— Savannah Rep.
ARRI V’ A L OF THE
City of IVfanchester.
New York, Oct. 13, 1869.
The steamship City of Manchester, with one day’s
later intelligence, has arrived. She brings Liver
pool advices of the 29th ult.
The City of Manchester reports sales of Thurs
day, 29th ult., at 8,000 bales, ot which speculators
and exporters took 1,600 bales.
Consuls were quoted at 95-5-8.
Later from Texan, Ac.
New Orleans, Oct. 12.—The steamship Arizona
has arrived with a quarter million of specie.
Gen. Twiggs has asked to be relieved in Novem
ber, from the command of the military department
of Texas.
The Austin State Gazette has advices that the
Catnanches and other Indian tribes, are planning &
grand expedition against Northern Texas, to be
carried out the present winter.
Mr. Kinney, the editor of the Brownsville Flag,
is here. He says that the Mexican banditti near
Brownsville, on the Bth, numbered 400, and were
increasing. Their object is general plunder, and
the families of Brownsville are feeling in fear of an
attack upon the town.
It is reported on good authority, that tbe Custom
House officers have discovered a secret receptance
in the Steamship Philadelphia, which is filled with
boxes of muskets, supposed to have been taken on
board prior to her departure from New York.
The Bottom Dollar.—From “Footprints Across
the Continent,” published in the New Orleans
Christian Advocate, we take the following inci
dent :
“We stopped at Barilla Springs for breakfast.—
Found there a large train of emigrants. Two la
dies came down to the stage to talk with Sirs. P.
The oldest said she was moving simply to follow
her daughter; the daughter said she was following
her husband. I inquired into their history a little.
They had moved from Tennessee to Mississippi;
‘I suppose you will go next to the Sandwich Is
lands ?’
“The young one replied with some spirit, ‘lf a
ever get to California you may bet your bottom
dollar that I’ll never move again.’
“The emigration from Texas to California is very
heavy. The Atlantic States yield thousands to
Texas; and Texas, in her turn, sends them to the
Pacific ; and to my astonishment I find scores here
about to come back to Texas.”
Paramount Importance or me Pacific Tele
graph.—Our people are indulging in account of a
renewal of the war in China, Between the Chinese
and English and French. The attempts to ascend
the river Peiho were unsuccessful, and the reports
seem to show that John Bull *nH .*>
*vid • guuu uruooiDg lor their trouble. It is im
possible that the United States should feel no in
terest in this matter. Our own commerce is con
cerned in all the treaty stipulations entered into by
China with foreign powers, and in all attempts to
enforce them. The wealth of China promises to
contribute largely to American interests, and hence
it is all important that this Government should be
promptly informed of all that is goiDg on in that
quarter.
The necessity of a Pacific telegraph is therefore
becoming a matter of paramount importance, for
if the wires were stretched to the Pacific the event*
in China could by steamer be brought to San Fran
cisco and communicated to the Atlantic in twenty
two days from the moment of their occurrence.—
St. Louie Democrat.
A Mother’s Influence
How touching the tribute of the Hon. T. H. Ben
ton to his mother’s influence :
“ My mother asked me never to use tobacco, I
have never touched it from that time to the pres
ent day she asked me not to game, and I have
never gambled, and I cannot tel! who is winning
and who is losing in games that can be played.—
She admonished me, too, against bard drinking ;
and whatever capacity for endurance I have at
present, and whatever usefulness I may attain in
life I have attributed to having complied with her
and correct wishes. When I was seven years of
age she asked me not to drink, and then 1 made
a resolution of total abstinence, at a time when I
was sole constituent member of mv own body, and
that I have adhered to it through all time, I owe
it to my mother.
Senator Clay, of Alabama.
The Dayton (Ohio) Empire, in noticing the speeeb
of Mr. Clay, in which he says that he wiil not sup
port the nominee of the Charleston Convention if
it be Mr. Douglas or any body who coincides with
him ir. sentiment, makes these observations: “ Any
one who will make so foolish a beclaration reads
himself out of the party. One who will not con
form to the usages of a party, and who will, in ad
vance of its authoritative action, declare bis deter
mination to disregard it, is not worthy to bear its
name.” To this the Cincinnati Enquirer adds:
“ He has no more right to caucus with Democratic
Senators next winter than has John P. Hale or
Senator Trumbull.”
The above emanates from two of Mr. Douglas’
organs, one of them being a leading organ in the
West.
OI'ENING OF THK ORANGE AND ALEXANDRIA RAIL
ROAD to Lynchburg. —The Alexandria Gazette
(Va.)says: We have been informed that unless
some uuforseen cruse of delay should arise to pre
vent the prosecution of the work, the Lynchburg
extension of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad
will be completed by December, when Alexandria
will be connected by rail with Memphis, Chatta
nooga, Mobile and New Orleans, and the Great
Southwest.
COMMUNICATED.
Messrs. Editors : The assertion of your corres
pondent “ Laborer,” that the Post Office is closed
six hours during the day is not true. The Office
is closed but four and a half hours, allowing one
hour for dinner, three and a half hours in which
to receive, assort and dispatch and distribute the
mails. E. L. STROHECKER, P. M,