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I*,Y S. ItOSK & CO. j tl r liwrgia Journal A Messenger ■ rJ !,!i)y.l o Woliic-itity murniugat io pr tiiuuui. ‘yitaiyr at U<f repitar c<ar( will Iw Onk buu.iv -f . It ur nu >'t*ai> Lktfs, for ilie Urßt iu*er jl t rv Cti r. ; for vuclt *ul>*t'<.{U<rtti In. •frilnu. AU 11,., ::-.• a.,:;:s uol > jioeuied a* to uuie, Will tm |Hii>L.%lv; i.jil in i cli irjf.nl acc<>rJlri)rtj". A liberal -Jinvutlut ~,- tt’ tli'J* wtaa a.lvertiie by me year. ijimKV NvHCs> <>l ursk TM UIUU, will lie rlrjnl ml nual rate*. v v; . tf cinJiiUtn for office, to be j.atd for at Uu.il riltA, when luserteil. r,fl arfi :i<c.neats made with county offWr*, Drug j.■ t iftloneert, Merchant*, aud oilier*, who utay wUh to !;,<• limited contract*. -nr- •>? l.isn isn iKtßoas.by Executors, Administrator* , I .. iirjiaos, are required by law to ie ajvrrtisij ill a ■ii i uette, forty Jays previous to the Jay of .sale, fueii *iles must le hell outlie first Tuesday hi the mouth, i .-.•it th ■ hours of ten iu the forenoon auJ three in the • n.. n, at the Oourt-hnu o iu the county in which tiie [.rui'-rty is situated. sai-ii.. o Fikamul Fkupfrtt must he advertised in like ir.j iner, forty days. N .ric* ro KKsroita asd Creditors of an Estate must be ted . trt* fan, SoTiOts that applteation will be mule to the Ordinary sot leave to sell Lind :tuj Segroe*, muspiie putdi-died Weekly lor two mouths. ■“* OlTsrioxs far Letters of A Julinistrations, thirty days; for [iijiuission from Administration, monthly, sis mouths; for Dismission from Quinllsnship, weekly, t rty Juya Rules tok Forfulosisu or Moatuauk, mouthly, four mouths ; for establishiug lost papers, for the full space ol three months ; for coin;>eliiug titles from executors or ad ministrators where a boud has beeu given by the deceased, the full space of three months. Letters addressed to S. ROSE k CO. Professional ami lSiiiiiess Jlen. PRiiFKSs.oyaL and Bi'sisntss Carps will be Inserted under - this head, at the following rates, via : t | r Three line*, per annum, $5 00 ** Serm lines, do 10 00 ** Tea lines, do 12 00 ** Twelve lines, do 15 00 Nj advertisement* of this class will be admitted, unless paid for in advance, nor for a less terta than twelve months. Advertisement* of over twelve line* will be charged ran aTa. Advertisements not paid for in advance will be charged at the regular rates. REXHJ Li AH M HUSTINGS OF MASONS, KNIGHT TKMFLAKS, ODD FEL LOWS AND SONS OF TKUPEKWCE, HELD IX THE CITY OF IIACOX. MASONS. Grand I.mlge of Georgia for 1860, Oetober Slst. Macon Lodge, No. 5, first and third Monday night* in each month. Const tut.ne Chapter, No. 4, second Monday night in each month. Washington Council, No. 6, fourth Monday night in each month. Ft. Oiiier’s Encampment. Knights Templar, So. 2, Meetings every first Tuesday n'glit in each month*. ODD FELLOWS. Grand Lodge, first Wednesday in June. t.ranJ Encampment, Tuesday previous. F-AriUn Lodge, No. 2, every Tliursday evening. I'niteJ Brother*, No. 5, every Tuesday evening. Mu a Union Encampment, No.2,second and fourth Moc- 1 day evenings in each month. SONS OF TEMPERANCE. Grand Division, fourth Wednesday in October, aunualty. b i 81 \e n s < \ki >. lAftDmi,<ft. O. •. iPilli HARDEMAN & SPARKS, WARE-HOUSE AND Commission Merchants. MACON. OAu u iifltL gift pronpt attention to the tel Ii of ia4 storing I iVh their'to mrwtlhtfr tu r lto A n itt 15th U/*) •I. B. & W. A. IP \Yliol?*alt* Dry (oods Jobbers. Comer Cherry aad Second Sts.. Macon. (*a. qapbaasaaeßaga~ D. C. HODGKINS &. SON, iMULm ns asd MAsmetetm * r <3r xj jst st, AI.W ‘.ZL . Lamer Houao, MaCuK, Ga. Jan. 1, 1860. ts double TH OMAN MOR SE, (if the late firm of Mimviltm k. Miusk, having pur the entire Uujiai4, will continue the manufac n* of Double iiuiis, and best Rides and Pistols made in the United skate*, on tu entirely new plan of Mr. GUVS re-atocPed and repaired in the beat manner, and on irasonsMe terms, at short notice. The underpinned being practical workman, will guarantee all hia work, and in vite rhe public to give him a trial. £ST“ The Stand is under the Floyd House, opposite *>r. T i >cap3ou*3. june IS-’GO-y NEW FIRM. L. T. STRONG & SONS. Lewis p. strong tn lt?rs his grateful ihanTs or the liberal patronage /x fT S er.de lto him for the last *M. Qjguiise'; - wenty seven year*.and re- Sfc-’ V/ eci ally announce* that he rr i nnn-iate.l lilh him in e further prosecution ot rjj,. v •<, his two ions. -A>- ‘ EDO All i*. STRONG and r S Forrester w. strong, un lei* the name, firm and ■ styie or L. P. STRONG k SONS, and will continue to Ee. p on hand and offer, a large and select assortment of Hoots Slioes ai*l i.*;illi*i* of all kinds, and Findings for Country manufacturers, lie respectfully asks for the new flrtu, a continuance oi the lib eral fitvor extended to the old. Macon, January 2,1860. dl-y K ERRIS ON & L2IDXNG. IMPORTERS Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods, WHOLESALE AND DETAIL, llasf*! Slrift—oi<‘ door from King, CHARLESTON, S. C apr 20-’6O-ly* DAVID ROSS, 800 I£-I3 I3NTUER AND ACCOUNT BOOK MANUFACTURER. CiONTINI KN tomake BLANK BOOKS J for Courts, Counting Houses and Rail -w . Is and to Bind all varieties of PRINTED WORK with superior neatness and despatch.'■■■■■W Ul SIC Bound with ELASTICITY and ELEGANCE. Law Hooka in the most approved style. Harp fas’ weekly and .magazine, graeiam’S, OODEY’S, and all other Periodicals and Magazines BOUND i:. neat and cheap Bindings. Particular attention paid to the re-binding valuable old Books. fcV Orders from a distance will meet with prompt atten tion. ‘fit Moor to W. W. Parker & Co’s. Macon, September 26, ls6o.—y GEORGE A. S.UITII, WHOLK3AL* If ANUFACTUE*B OP plain and fancy candies, Near the New Passenger Depot , MACON, GA. H‘ RC HA NTS can be supplied upon as favorable terms, with as good Candy, in gTeat varieties, as can be had houth. Those wishing to purchase are respectfully invited to call and examine specimen*. Allorder* promptly filled, with a fresh article, and warran ted to stand the cUmata. Term* cash. j *<*- . t-tt J (Georgia Journal n& ill csscnger. ii ti:l, s. THE STUBBLEFIELD HOUSE. “ Like'the Plianix from its Ahhes.” rtf II AT large, wew and etegmnt House, recently erected 1 on the ruin* of my old establishment, street Mas'on. Un M ix iMMitipru fur Uir recrf>tion ftutl nccottitutola ttu of 11 laitiers nul trnnsicul (lurst.s Tit*- Home his l>eM nmrlv fumblted throughout. In th.- Irnst manner, snd Hie Proprietor will endeavor to mate it a FIRST CLASS HOTEL. Its situation i* eligible, a little la-low the Methodist and op|>o*ite to the Presbyterian Church, and near the Bank* aiol place* of business. Connected with the Hooseis a large f*i verynnd SaloStal)l<% where Drovers and others can find accommodations for their slock The patronage of his old friends and of the traveling pub lic r. neraily, is reriiectfuliy solicited. n ,v 5-ts M. STUBBLEFIELD. NEW HOTEf. PLANTERS 9 HOUSE, MACON, GEORGIA. ON CHERRY STREET, two Snuarei front the Rail Road l>r*lot, anl in the buiinetf part of the city, nov 21-tk*-y J- O. (OOIALU, Proprietor. Ci Kj\N I T EHA L. f7, MACON, GEORGIA. fftllE Proprietor would inform his old friends and pat -1 runs, aad the public generally, that he has made large oil'fituinx and iiHjtropruirnts to his House, making it as ever comfortable and pleasant, and in returning hlaihaiiK* to one and alt, he would solicit a cemtinuamt of the pat ronage he has heretofore so liberally received. aug22-’6o—y B. f. DENSE, Proprietor. Brown’s Hotel, Opposite the Passenger House, Macon, Ga. By E. E. BROWN A SON. \fKAI.S ready on the arrival of every Train. The if! proprietors * til spare no pain* to uinke their gutukis cuiulorUbie. feb TIiOIITI f o us itT, HI J. D. tILHEKT A CO. AllauUa, Georgia. sep 13 24-ts WASHINGTON HALL. THIS HOUSE IS STILL OPEN TO THE PUBLIC. SI*KA lAI. arrangement will be made for the accommo .iation of the Members to the approaching STATE CON VENTION. and the future Session of the Legislature. The rotes and term, at this House, will conform to those of the other Public House* iu this city. N. 0. BARNETT. MilledgcviUe.Ga , Dec. 15th, IsW. BUSINESS CARDS. T. C. X ESBET, kah y act t re it or RTEAJI EN4JINEK and BOIEEIt*. *avv .Hill ■!:< liimtv. Guar- ami HauliitiiTj iu ttETVERAE. WKOUGT IRON COI'TON SCREWS, hiuar .Hill*. Mhstfft* and Hu I lies Iron Kailiass WroißlH and C ct%l, iVa'*. At’.. Af. ; rill K undersigned believe* that he l* Manufacturing and A scllinr the above Machinery,Tf t per Ifni, rhean er and ol as good quality as any estabitshui-nt at the stoatb, and is willing to warrant all (he work aa equal, if not Supe rior t. an,. Ijans| T. C. XIXBET. A. M QUEEN. MACON, GEOnCrIA. \( IMF It TANARUS( KEIC of rousts* Iross .!I SAILING of every description, and for all Plain aad Ornamental, from the lightest Fcroil Iron, up to the heaviest Sailing used. Usris an endiesa variety of Mew s—i Original Design*; purchasers cannot fad to be suit ed. Mein* entirety at Wrought Iron, their strength tissal be questioned, aad for beauty the, cannot he surpassed any aitrre. AU sinda of Taney Iron Work made to order. Par ticular attention given to making all kinds of Geometrical Stair Railmcs. pge -tpeciuseus of lK - work can be seen nt th*- Residences of r"O Holi.L. V vr. Andrews and W. J. Alcltlroy, Es,rs. Also at Rose Hitt Cemetery. July It 16-if itirrunalrd IVrouebl Iron and M irr Railiags (Secured Ijf Letters Patent.) VIA *f I ICA It L. V adapted for enclosing Public Orounds, Cemeteries, Balconies. Cottages, Ac. Bbeep and O* Hur lie. Pa eut Wire, stacking Bedstead*. aiOi i very variety of guiding Iron Bedsteads and Iron Furniture.— Patent Wire Coa! s*crecns. Ore, Sand and Gravel Screen*, Wire Netting for Musquito, Sheep, Poultry and other pur poses. Wire Summer Houses. Fancy Wire W'ork in great variety tor gardens. Ac. M. WALKER A ?OXS, Manufacturers, No. 535 Market, N. E. Cor 6th ?t., Phila delphia. fort 24—ly) Aew Carpet Store. JAMES G. BAILIE, DIRECT lUPURTB Off AU. USDS OF Carpeting, Koits, Floor Oil CUks, VLmiuv Shades, Ac. Curtain Damasks, Lace and Muslin CURTAINS, &C. >o. 234 KING ST., t lIAKLUSTOX, S. C. J. a. BAILIE & BRO.. 205 BROAD STALKRT, AUGUSTA, UA. may 2-60-1 j CURTAIN GOODS, Window Shades and Paper Ilan^in^s. This is the Largest Assortment in the Southern Btates. ver Sold on accommodating terms, every article war rantee as represented. H. W. KINSMAN, Importer, may 2-60-ly*] 223 KING ST., CHARLESTON, 8. 0. LAMBERTS & HOWELL SIQ KINO- STREET, WEST SIDE, Importers .lobiier* anil K><‘alei*s in English, Scotch and Domestic CARPETITvTGS, RUGS, FLOOR OIL CLOTHS, LINEN GOODS, MATTINGS, Ac. may2-Crt-ly*) UHAHLKSTON, S. Pure Liquors, JUST IMPORTED. DALY &, FITZGERALD, 2d door from Hardeman & Sparks’ Warehouse, • Have ja*t received . PURE IRISH WHISKEY. * MERKTT BRANDY. “ SHERRY WINE. “ MADEIRA A PORT WINK. These Liquors have been selected with great care by Daly during a recent vlnlt to Ireland. They are warranted pure. It is deemed entirely unnecessary to re sort to puffery in order to induce a sale. They are of the best quality, and cannot fail to establish this commendation In the minds of all who try them. The public and judges of the article, particularly, are invited to call and examine for themielve*. (nov 23 85-) Misc©llane oils. GAS t'IXTI'ICIiN, Pocket and Table Cut lery, RAZORS and FANCY CUTLERY,PORTABLE DESKS. DRESSING CASES, FANCY BASKETS PARIAN STATUETTS, DOUBLE &. SINGLE GUNS, COLT’S PISTOLS, CASKS, PORT MONIES AND PURSES, MURSCIIAUM PIPES.CIGAK HOLDERS.OPKRA GLASSES, Shell and Ornamental Combs, Fancy Hair Pins, Backga;nmon Boards, Chess Men, Domi noes, 33illif#-cl Balls, Cues LEATHERS A CHALK, With many new and desirable articles not enumerated. anew and fine selection for sale at low prices, bv *ov 16 K- J- JOHNSTON A CO. • 4 Tliat” Tobacco. THK choicest brand of Chewing Tubacco, manufactured in this country, just received and for sale by | MABSENBURG k SON, | dec 5 Successors to E. L. Strobccker. MACON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 6, 1801. PROFESSIONAL IAKOS. J. IE ISAXII.% ill, Jr. ATTOfIWEY AT LAW, ,H.IION, (.A. <i['t Il’E cn Cutton Avenue ov.r tiie Raptist Book y Siore, room formerly occupied by Dr. Green, leb 6-1 y s. kb. LOOM, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MACON", GEORGIA. OFPHIK with Speer A Hunter, over Bostick’s Store. eb. go, 19*1 —y LitlAß COBB, ATTORNEY AT LAW, M VCON, GEORGIA, OFFICE on Mulberry street, over the Store of A. M. Blackshear k Cos., in Koardmim’s Washington Block. Will practice in Bilffi, Crawford, Dooly, Houston, Matsu, i'siggs, itoi th, and Sumter. !tl> 27-y Ii CARD. MESSRS. COOK, ROBINSON (v MONTFORT, Wild, practice Law iu the counties of Taylor, Macon, Houston, D toly, Sumter, Marion, Schley, and in such other Counties in the State as llietr business v*ill authorise. csT UI EiCliUl Otflelliorpp. PHILIP COOK, \V. H. ROBINSON, ggjune 20-’00—ts T. W. MONTFORT. B. HILL. J2l>. K. HILI. Law l*siriiiei’blii|>. IIIIjTj & HILL, (SCCCBSBOHS TO TH K LATH FIRM OF STIEBS k H11.L.) Vtriljlj practice in the Macon and adjoining Circuits, ! v t and in the Supreme and Federal Courts, the same as I heretofore by the late firm of Stubbs & Hill. The undersiged will close up tiie business of the late firm I of Stubbs k Hill, as speedily as possible ; and to this end, all j persons indebted to said firm, are requested to make pay- I ment at as early a day as practicable. B. HILL, Surviving partner of August 24, 1559—23-ts Stubbs k Hill. LA\ I Bit A AffDEIMI, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, MACON, GA. PR ACTICE in the Counties of the Macon Circuit, and in the Counties of Sumter, Monroe and Jones; also in the federal Courts at Savannah. [apr 21 ’6B-1 y]^ (li. \ I. Klt O t SB 4c ANSI, 111 . ATTORNEYS AT LAW. KNOXVILLE AND FORT VALLEY, GA. G. P. CULVERHOUSE, F. A ANSI.KY, Knoxville, Ga. Fort Valley, Ga. oct 81-’6O-l y 1.. R. WHITTLE. ATTORNEYAT LAW, MACON’, GEORGIA. TFFICF next to CONCERT lIALL,over Payne’* Drug Store jau. 6, [4l-ly.] , THOMAS B. CABAAISS, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Forsytli, Grn. WI I I. attend promptly to all business entrusted to his care in the Counties of Monroe, Bibb, Butts, Crawford, nes, Pike, Spalding and Upson. Lmay 12 *5S] PEEPLES A CABAIUSS, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, FUKNI 111, iA. WILL practice law in the counties of Monroe, Bibb, Up ton. Pike, Spalding. Henry and But**. Mr. Cabanlsa will give prompt a ud constant attention to the collection and •ecurini: of ilubu and claim* C. FKkPLES, GEO. A. CABANIB9. formerly of Athens, Ga. 6-ly- JOEL B. GRIFFIN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MACON, GEORGIA. WI I.L practice in the Counties of Macon and the ad joining Circuits. Also in the jounties of the West and South-West Georgia, accessible by Kail Road. I'fT ’articular personal attention given to collecting. i4T“ Ollli-e with O. A. Lochrane, Daumur’s Building, 2d Street. feb 22-’6o—4-tf €J. C. ttJI€*UI, ATTORNEY AT LAW, PERRY, GEORGIA. mar fil-tA-ly* DAWSON & KIBBEE, Attorneys and Counsellors at I*aw, Office at Hawkinsville &nl Vienna, Ga. Ml*. H. will have Hie entire collecting, and ht and Mr. D. all litigation. Tliev will practice law aud give at tention to any bust ness that may lie entrusted to their man agement, in the counties of Pulaski, Lowndes, Dooly, Wilcox, Brooks, Houston, Irwin, Echols, Macon, Telfair, Clinch, Worth, Coffee, Ware, lterrien, Appling, Laurens, Sumpter, Pierce, Twiggs, Lee. Miller, Baker, Dougherty. In Supreme Court at Macon, Milledgeviile and Savannah, and United States Circuit Court at Savannah, and also all the adjoining counties, on special engagement. Ill’s. C. KIBBSB. THOMAS 11. DAWSOX. apr 11,4 1860 —y. I>r. M’DOHALI) A: VAN Cl I ESEH, DENTISTS, i Ofllce in Wawi* ington Itioch, .Vlneon, Gil., ELECTRICITY USED IN EXTRACTING TEETH. MCDONALD’N Tooth Paste always awbwmia on hand and for sale. Dentists can be O-fjivtv,’’ supplieil with the finest style of TKETII, aUoinjylScxm Gold Foil, Gold and Silver Plate and Wire, U—’ Lathe Fixtures, Ac., also witli any kind of Instruments or Materials on short notice. °*-‘t 13 A. C. MOORE, X> K X S TANARUS, THOMASTOIT, C3E-A—, OirfriCK over Dr. Thompson’s Btore. My work Is ray Reference. [apr 7 2-tfl Fine ITuriJLitixre. FIIVE Parlor Setts, Rose Wood, Mahogany and Georgia Walnut Furniture. Secretaries and Book Cases, Desks and Book Cases, Bu reaus of Rose Wood, Mahogany and Walnut. Sofas. Tete-a Tetes, Divans Sociables, Ottomans, In Hair Cloth, Plush, Brocatel, Ac. Arm, Rocking, Sewing, Parlor, Bedroom, Dining, Hair Cloth, Plush, Brocatel, Cane, Split Bottom, and every kind of Chair kuown to the trade. BEDSTEADS. Rose Wood, Walnut, Maple, Mahogany, Beach, Gum, Ac., High, Low, French and Cottage. Wardrobes of Hose Wood, Mahogany, Walnut and Pine. Safes of all Patterns. T A ISLE ft. Mihogany, Walnut, Cherry, Pine, Extension, FoldlngJLer', Square, Round, Ac. Kattrasses of Hair, Cotton, Mors and Patent Spring. I eather Beds, Pillows and Bolsters. Pine Mirrors, common I oozing Glasses, Looking Glass Pistes, Picture Glass. Window Shades, and Curtain Bands Cornices. I‘uckets, Tubs, Dippers, Brooms, Brush Brooms, Feather Du ters, Foot Matts, Ac., for sale on the most reasonable terms. Lumber taken in exchange, or Lumber made up in the most fashionable styles of Furniture to order. We have one of the largest Stocks of KINK FURNITURE in the State, and we are constantly manufacturing, aud wish to sell. Call and see us. feb 22 WOOD, BRO. A CO. DIRECT DU’ORTATM! Crockery, China, —AND— GLASS WARE. MY first shipment from Europe lias arrived in Savannah, and those who have ordered packages will have them shipped in a few days. There are some of the packages still unsold, any iu want, can, by ordering, have them ship ped in a few days. I have another lot shipped from Liverpool 13th of July, which I shall look for in three or four weeks. Send in the i orders. lam now receiving a IiARGK STOCK OF Glass-Ware, Tumblers, Goblets, &c., FOR WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. BOHEMIAN GLASS- 1V.% ItK, C’lilnu Dinner and Tea Nells, A*., Ac aug 29 R. p. McIIVOY. SAMUEL W. PEPPER, SUCCESSOR TO HSNBY J. PEPPER & SOK. Watches, Jewelry and Silver ware, No. 175, C/uttnut ttreU, (opjHtsit* tks S (ptt House,) PaiLARALT HI A. may 81 —ly* Farewell Speeth of Hsu, Jell’. Davit. Mr. Da vis — T rise, Mr. President, for the purpose of announcing to the Senate that I have satisfactory evidence that the State of Mississippi, ly a solemn ordinance of her people in Convention assembled, has declared her separation from the United States. Under the e circumstances, of course my functions are terminated here.— [t has seemed to me proper, however, that I should appear in the Senate to announce that fact to my associates, and I will say but little more. The occasion does not invite me to go into argument; and my phy sical condition would not permit me to do so if it were otherwise; and yet it seems to become me to say something on the part of the State I here represent on an occasion so solemn as this. It is known to Senators who have served with me here, that I have for many years advocated as an essential attribute of State sovereignty, the right of a State to secede from the Union. Therefore, if I had not believed there was justifiable cause; if I had thought that Mississippi was acting without sufficient provocation, or without an existing necessity, 1 should still, under my theory of the Government, because of tny allegiance to the State of which I am a cit zeu, have been hound by her action, I however, may be permitted to say that I do think she has justifiable cause, ami I ap prove of her act. I conferred with her people before that act was taken, counseled them then, that if the state of things which they apprehended should exist when the Convention met, they should take the action which they have now adopted. I hope none who hear me will confound this expression of mine with the advocacy of the right of a State to remain in the Union, and to disregard its constitutional obligations by the nullification of the laws. Such is uot my theory. Nullification and secession, so often confounded, are indeed antagonistic principles. Nullification is a remedy which it is sought to apply within the Union, and against the agent of the States. It is only to be justified when the agent has violated his constitutional obligations, and a State, assuming to judge for itself, denies the right of the agent thus to act, and appeals to the other States of the Union for a decision ; but wnen the States themselves, and when the people of the States have so acted as to convince us that they will uot regard our constitutional rights, then, and then for the first time, arises the doctrine of secession in its practical application. A great man, who now reposes with his fathers, and who has been often arraigned for a want of fealty to the Union, advocated the doctrine of nullification, because it pre served the Union. It was becauso of his deep-seated attachment to the Union ; his determination to find some remedy for ex isting ills short of a severance of the ties which bound South Carolina to the other States, that Mr. Calhoun advocated the doc trine of nullification, which he proclaimed to be peaceful ; to he within the limits of State power, not to disturb the Union, but only to be a means of bringing the agent lttfiin? tI)D triluinal o£ tlx . fur th<*ir judgment. Secession belongs to a different class of remedies. It is to be justified upon the basis that the States are sovereign. There was it time when none denied it. I hope the time may come again, when a better comprehension of the theory of our Govern ment, and the inalienable rights of the peo ple of the States, will prevent any one from denying that each State is a sovereign, and thus may reclaim the grants which it has made to any agent whomsoever. * I therefore say T concur in the action of the people of Mississippi, believing it to be necessary and proper, and should have been bound by their action if my belief had been otherwise; and this brings me to the im portant point which I wish on this last occa sion, to present to the Senate. It is by this confounding of nullification and secession that the name of a great man, whose ashes now mingle with his mother earth, has been invoked to justify coercion against a seceded State. The phrase “to execute the law’s,” was an expression which Gen. Jackson ap plied to the case of a State refusing to obey the laws while yet a member of the Union. That is not the ease which is now presented. The laws are to be executed over the United States. They have no relation to any for eign country. It is a perversion of terms, at least it is a great misapprehension of the case, which cites that expression for applica tion to a State which has withdrawn from the Union. You may make war on a for eign State. Ts it be the purpose of gentle men, they may make war against a State which has withdrawn from the Union : but there are no laws of the United States to be executed within the limits of a seceded State. A State finding herself in the con- ; dition in which Mississippi has judged she is, in which her safety requires that she ! should provide for the maintenance of her rights out of the Union, surrenders all the j benefits, (and they are known to be many) j deprives herself of the advantages, (they are known to be great,) severs all the ties of affection, (and they are close and endear ing,) which have bound her to the Union; and thus divesting herself of every benefit, taking upon herself every burden, she claims to be exempt from any power to execute the laws of the United States within her limits. I well remember an occasion when Massa chusetts was arraigned before the bar of the Senate, and when the doctrine of coercion was rife and to be applied against her be cause of the rescue of a fugitive slave in Bos ton. My opiniou then was the same it is now. Not in a spirit of egotism, but to show that I am not influenced in my opinion because the case is my own. I refer to that time and occasion as containing the opinion which I then entertained and on which my present conduct is based. I then said if Massachusetts, following her through a stat ed line of conduct., chooses to take the last step which separates her from the Union, it is her right to go, and I will neither vote one dollar nor one man to coerce her back, but will say to her, God speed, in memory of the kind associations which once existed between her and the other States. It has been a conviction of pressing ne cessity, it has been a belief that we are to be deprived in the Union of the rights which our fathers bequeathed to us, which has brought Mississippi into her present decis ion. She has heard proclaimed the theory that all men are created free and equal, and this made the basis of an attack upon her social institutions; and the sacred Declara tion of Independence has been invoked to maintain the position of the equality of the races. That Declaration of Independence is to be construed by the circumstances aud purposes for which it was made. The com munities were declaring thei r independence ; the people of those communities were assert ing that no man was horn, to use the lan guage of Mr. Jefferson, booted and spurred to ride over the rest of mankind ; that men were created equal—meaning the men of a political community ; that there was no di vine right to rule ; that no m m inherited the right to govern; that there no classes by which power and place descended to fam ilies; hut that all stations were equally within the grasp of each member of the body politic. These were the great principles the)’ an nounced ; these were the purposes for which they made their declaration ; those were the ends to which their enunciation was direct ed. They ha ve no reference to the slave; else, how happened it that among the items of arraignment made against George 111, was that he endeavored to do just what the North has been endeavoring of late to do, to stir up insurrection among our slaves ? Had the declaration announced that the ne groes were free and equal, how was the Prince to be arraigned for stirring up insur rection among them ? And how was this to be enumerated among the high crimes which caused the colonists to sever their Connection with the mother country ? \\ hen our Constitution was formed, the same idea was rendered more palpable, for there we find provision made for that very class of persons as property; they were not put upon | the footing of equality with white men—not even upon that of paupers and convicts; but, so far as representation was concerned, were discriminated against as a lower caste, only to be represented in the numerical pro portion of three-fourths. Then, Senators, wc recur to the compact which binds us together, we recur to the principles upon which our Government was founded; and when you deny them, and when you deny to us the right to withdraw from a Government which, thus perverted, threatens to be destructive of our rights, but we tread in the path of our fathers when we proclaim our independence, and take the hazard. This is done not in hostility to others, not to injure any section of the coun try, not even for our own peculiar benefit; but from the high and solemn motive of de j fending and protecting the rights we inher ited, and which it is our sacred duty to transmit unshorn to our children, j I find iu myself, perhaps, a type of the 1 general feeling of my constituents towards yours. lam sure there is not one of you, whatever sharp discussion there may have been between us, to whom I cannot now say, iu the presence of my God, I wish you well ; | and such, lam sure, is the feeling of the ; people whom I represent towards whom you ! represent. 1 therefore feel that I but ex press their desire when I say T hope and they hope, for peaceful relations with you, though we must part. They may be mutu ally beneficial to us in the future, as they ( have been in the past, if you so will it.— The reverse may bring disaster on every portion nf tha oountry ; and if you will ’ have it thus, we will invoke the God of our fathers, who delivered them from the power ! of the lion, to protect us from the ravages of the bear; and thus putting our trust in God and in our own firm hearts ami strong arms, we will vindicate the right as best we may. In the course of my service here, associat ed at different times with a great variety of Senators, I see now around me some with whom I have served long ; there have been points of collision, but whatever of offence ! there has been to me, I leave here ; I carry with me no hostile remembrance. Whatev er offence I have, given, which has not. been redressed, or for which satisfaction lias not been demanded, I have senators, in this hour of our parting, to offer you my apology for any pain which, in the heat of discussion, I have inflicted. Igo hence unencumbered of the remembrance of any injury received, and having discharged the duty of making j the only reparation in my power for any injury offered. I Mr. President and Senators, having made the announcement which the occasion seem ed to me to require, it only remains for me to bid you a final adieu POSTAL ACT OF THE CONFEDERATE STATUS AN ACT, to be entitled An Act to pre scribe the Kates of Postage in the Confed erate States of America, and for other pur poses. Sec. 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, That from and after such period as the Postmaster General may by Proclamation, annouuce, there shall be charged the following rates of postage, to wit : for every single letter sealed, and for every letter in manuscript or paper of | any kind, upon which information shall be asked for, or communication in writing, or | by marks or signs, conveyed in the mail for any distance between places within the Oon | federate States of America, not exceeding | five hundred miles, five cents ; and for any distance exceeding five hundred miles, dou ble that rate ; and every letter or parcel not exceeding half an ounce in weight, shall be deemed a single letter, and every addition al weight of half an ounce, every additional weight of less than half an ounce shall be charged with an additional single postage; and all packages containing other than print ed or written matter aud money packages are included in this class shall be rated by weight, as letters are rated, and shall be charged double the rates of postage on let ters ; and all drop letters, or letters placed in any postoffice not for transmission, but lor delivery only, shall be charged with postage at the rate of two cents each, and in all the foregoing cases the postage must be prepaid by stamps; and all letters which shall hereafter be advertised as remaining over or uncalled for in any post office, shall be charged with two cents each in addition to the regular postage —both to be account ed for as other postages of this Confedera cy. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all newspapers not exceeding three ounces in weight, sent from the office of publication to actual and bona fide subscribers, sliall be charged with postage as follows to wit: the postage on the regular numbers of a news paper published weekly within the State where published, shall be Cj cents per quar ter; and papers published semi-weekly, double that rate; and papers published thrice a week, treble that rate; and papers published daily six times that rate; aud the j the postage on all newspapers to actual sub seiibers without the States where published, shall lie charged the foregoing rates. And periodicals sent from the office of publica tion to actual and bona tide subscribers, shall be charged with the postage as follows, to wit: the postage on the regular numbers of a periodical, not exceeding I* ounces in weight, and published monthly, within the State where published shall be o cents per quarter ; if published semi-monthly, double that rate; and for every additional ounce or fraction of an ounce, double the foregoing rates shall be charged ; and periodicals pub lished quarterly or bi-monthly, shall be charged one cent an ounce ; and the postage on all periodicals without the State where published, shall be double the above speci fied rates ; and regular subscribers to news papers and periodicals, shall be required to pay one quarter’s postage in advance. And there shall be charged upon every other newspaper and each circular not sealed, handbill, engraving, pamphlet, periodical and magazine which shall be unconnected with any manuscript or written matter, not exceeding three ounces in weight, two cents ; and for each additional ounce, or fraction ot an ouuce, two cents additional; aud in all cases the postage shall be prepaid by stamps, and books bound or unbound not weighing over four pounds shall be deemed mileage matter, and shall be charged with postage, to be pre-paid by stamps, at two cents p r ounce for any distance. The publishers of newspapers or periodicals may send to each other from their respective offices of publi cation, free of postage, one copy of each publication. I Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the Postmaster Gen eral to provide and furnisYi to all Deputy Postmasters, and to all other persons ap plying and paying therefor, suitable postage stamps and stamped envelopes of the denom ination of two cents, five cents and twenty cents, to facilitate the prepayment of postag es provided for in this act; and any person who shall forge or counterfeit any postage stamps provided or furnished under the pro visions of this or any former act, w hether the same arc impressed or printed on or at tached to envelops or not, or any die, plate or engraving therefor, or shall make or print, or knowingly use or sell, or have in his pos session, with intent to use or sell, any such false, forged, or counterfeited die, plate, en graving or postage stamp, or who shall make or print, or authorize, or procure to be made, or printed, any postage stamps of the kind provided and furnished by the Post master General, as aforesaid, without the especial authority and direction of the Post Office Department, or who, after such stamps have been printed, shall, with intent to de fraud the revenues of the Post Office De partment, deliver any postage stamps to any person or persons, other than such as shall be authorized to receive the same by an in strument of writing duly executed under the hand of the Postmaster General, and the seal of the Post Office Department, shall, on conviction thereof, be deemed guilty of felony, and be punished by a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding five years, or by both, such fine and imprisonment, and the expenses of procuring and providing all such postage stamps and letter envelopes as are provided for or authorized by this act, shall be paid after being adjusted by the Auditor of the Post Office Department, on the certificate of the Postmaster General, out of any money in the Treasury arising from the revenues of the Post Office De partment. Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of every Post Master to cause to be defaced in such a manner as the Post-Master General shall direct, all Dostage stamps of this Confederacy, attached to letters deposited in his office for delivery or to be sent by mail; and if any Post Mas ter, sending letters in the mail w’itb such postage stamps attached shall omit to de face the same, it shall be the duty of the Postmaster to whose office such letters shall be sent for delivery, to deface the stamps, aud report the delinquent Postmaster to the Postmaster General. Aud if any person shall use, or attempt to use, in pre-payment of postage, any postage stamps which shall have been before used for like purposes, such persons shall be subject to a penalty of fifty dollars for every such offence, to be recovered in the name of the Confederate States of America iu any court of competent jurisdiction. Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That from and after the day when this act goes into effect, the franking privilege shall be abolished, provided that the Postmaster Gen eral and his chief clerks, and the Auditor of the Treasury for the Post Office Department, shall be and they are hereby authorised to transmit, through the mail, free of postage, any letters, packages, or other matters relat ing exclusively to their official duties or to the business of the Post Office Department; but they shall iu every such case, endorse on the back of the letter or package to be sent free of postage, over their own signa tuies, the words “Official Business,” and for any such endorsement falsely made, the person so offending shall forfeit and pay three hundred dollars; and provided fur ther, the several Deputy Postmasters thro’- oufc the Confederate States shall be, and hereby are authorized to send through the mail, free of postage, all letters and packa ges which it may be their duty or they may have occasion to transmit to any person or place, and which shall relate exclusively to the business of their respective offices, or to the business of the Post Office Department; but in every such case, the Deputy Post master sending any such letter or package shall indorse thereon, over his own signature, the words, “Post Office Business;” aud for any and every such indorsement falsely made, the person making the same shall for feit and pay three hundred dollars. Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That the third-section of an act entitled an act further to amend an act entitled an act to reduce and modify the rates of postage.in the United States, and for other purposes, passed March 3, 1851, approved May 3, 1855, whereby the letter registration sys tem w r as established is hereby repealed from and after the day when this act goes into effect. Sec. 7. Be it. further enacted, &e., That no letters shall be carried by the Express or other chartered companies, unless the same shall be pre-paid by being enclosed in a stamped envelope of this Confederacy ; and any company violating the provisions of this act shall forfeit and pay the sum of five hundred dollars for each offence, to be re i covered by action of debt in any <ourt of VOLUME XXXVIII.—NO. 50. tins (confederacy, Laving cognizance thereof, in the name and for the use of this Confed eracy. Sec. 8. He it further enacted, That the Postmaster General of the Confederate States, be, and is hereby authorized, to make all necessary arrangements for the transmission of mails between the territo ries ot this and other Governments, subject t > the approval of the President until postal treaties can Tie effected. Passed Feb. it 1, 1861. fci’om the February No. of the E iueatlonal Repository and Family Monthly. Wants of tlio South. These are so numerous that we cannot determine where to begin, much less where to leave off. But as those wants which are more immediately connected with the pub lishing interests of the country have recently engaged our attention to some extent, we invite our readers to bestow a little reflec tion upon (hat particular interest: First, we need a reasonable number of foundries, or machine shops for the manu facture of a good supply of printing presses and paper mill machinery. We learn that no such establishment exists in the South ; if wrong, we would be glad to be informed of the fact, the place, and the proprietor or company. 2d. We notice the fact, that wo have no type foundries in all our borders, so far as we know. We have heard that one proba bly exists in Baltimore, but we know not whether Baltimore is North or South, a question, however, which seems to be under going a solution, 3d. We do not know that stereotyping is done in the South to any extent. We think it probable that Nashville and Baltimore do something in this department, but wc are not able to announce the fact to our read ers. 4th. We would like to know if, in case of a little war with our conscienstous (?) friends North, should come along, our pub lishers and printers, even of our dailies and weeklies, would be able to got ink with which to publish the bulletins from the ar my. Where can they be supplied ? sth. Five times the number of paper mills now in operation are needed to supply the demand for printing paper in the South ; and when we begin to publish our school books, which we expect soon to do, or see done by others, quadruple even that number will be needed. As to cap and letter paper, we dont know of a single mill now in opera tion, which makes any of either. Oth. Will some of our readers inform us where there is a single establishment in the South prepared to fill orders for the neces sary furniture for a printing office, or book bindery. These are subjects not inappro priate in a journal which is laboring for the emancipation of the South from her vassal age to her traducers and enemies. In all that pertains to most of these subjects, our whole section is deeply interested. When we have organized throughout the South, establishments capable of furnishing all the articles above mentioned, then we may be gin to talk about our literary independence ; then we maj T be able to publish our news papers, magazines, school books and mis cellany, without asking aid from those who seek our destruction ; but not till then will we be really independent. We have alluded to some of the public wants of the South. For ourselves we would like to have advertisements from all persons engaged in the manufacture or supply of any of these articles. And not exclusively for ourselves only, but for the benefit of all jvho are, or may become interested in ob taining them. We want, also, a large ac quaintance with the teachers, trustees of schools and colleges, literary” institutions, and all persons generally-, who are engaged in the book trade ; and we want them so to communicate with us, that we can introduce them to our readers as contributors, or as advertisers of their business, and thereby get. our readers in the way of communicat ing with them. Norlti C'nrotina. lion. Samuel Hull, Commissioner from Georgia, was introduced to the two houses of the North Carolina Legislature, on Wednesday evenining last, by Senator Eli W. Hall, who discharged the duty in a very happy and eloquent speech. Commissioner Hall then delivered one of the most forcible addresses we ever listened to. The large audience listened breathless ly as the speaker recited the causes which led to the present condition of the country —save only when they broke out in loud cheers as liis eloquence touched the Southern heart. When he asked his North Carolina audience if they would see Federal troops pass through their State to coerce the peo ple of South Carolina, or of any other South ern State, such a cry of “Never, never!” went up from that assembly as was never before heard within those walls. “I know you will not,” the speaker responded; “I will believe it when I see it—but never be fore, so help me God.” (Another shout of “Never, never,” and loud and prolonged cheers.) lion. 11. T. Clarke, Speaker of the Sen ate, replied to the address of the Commis sioner in a short address, in which he said : “After giving this momentous question our best and most anxious deliberations, we have referred it to the sovereign people, in Convention assembled. Their judgmentand decision will form the guide of our faith and the rule of our conduct; and to that tribu nal alone can we look for any authorized response to the friendly counsels and sug gestions of our fellow-suffering sister State. But, without reference to the amount of our -yin pa thy or the extent of our co-operation with her in her present struggle, we, at least, will assure her that no hostile foot dial 1 ever march from, or through our bor ders to assail her or hers.” (Cheers.) Texan. Advices from Texas state that the Feder al property in that State has been surrend ered to the State authorities. The Federal troops were allowed to leave the State with all the facilities. The property seized is valued at $1,300,000. The ‘ Washington “Star,” of the 25th, states that the government here has received id vices from Texas announcing that Gen. Twiggs had surrendered all the Federal military property in his military department to the State authorities. Mrs Burch died recently in the town of ■Junius, New York, aged 112 years. She was married 90 years.