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|JV S. ROSE & CO. j ji Georgia journal A. Messenger , er<r> iV<fdnerJy morning *t %i 50 ter tnuuo. 1 P ‘ , 4 .:\r’ * she ffpllw -hr*; will i* Osr Dull tit iv .>i urn iinxui) m>M i for the !ir*t itnwr '* * h,n C*'r* f“ r **■** sutwequeiu iiu*-rt*oa. All n ... uv*t- no. jeclle.l a* to tiiiMs, will lie |.iibli*hd t .ni l wfnlin(rtT. A literal ilincount .j iuoj fco udvitriinf tjf UM year. * * 4#r of uvoi TUS Uawill I* chargr.l at r- of c*ndiU*l<“’ for offi.-e, to lw j>ald at ” rales, when iasertnl. trr.m*.lo sith oooritjr nffifrn, Dmr v utieiri, .HmclohU, ami others, who may whii to • ’ i uited coatrw*’*. Last* *no >tßKO*'t,by EieeHtora, Administrator# .j, , ai . are r**tid by taw to be advertised iu a •* ,?.etiv, forty days previous to the day of sale. . ,>.s , a a-t be bel I nth* tir*t Tuesday In the month, bourn of ten in the forenoon ami three in the ‘at tbs Court-house in the county in which the ■ . . rated. PaoPuaiT must be advertised in like . n | laj i. ” TJ Dniiti a si* CfeKDiTnas of an Estate must be V lays. th it ii*pi!'-ttlon will be made to ti*e Ordinary for -vl I. uni and Negroes, must be published weekly lor **. ,v for Letters of Administrations, thirty day* ; for .. , a from Administration, monthly, sis months; for . ;a frjia Ouardianship, weekly, forty days * .-i fob Foatct/tMSa or HiXMiae, monthly, four fir ejtablishinir lost papers, for the full space of .. ir.ths for cooipeUiug lilies from execntors or ad - where a bond ha* been given by the deceased, e > fjii space of three months. ‘''jf ;,ritefs addressed to 8. ROSE A CO. preic*ional and ff ~ dll AND BCSISE.-S Cssns will be inserted under . ~J, at the following rate*, via: i’ a lire* lines, per annum, 5 00 .-•s.en line i, do 10 o*> lines, do lit 00 I . jlve does, do 15 00 t:-eiusntsof this class will be admitted, unless j r tn advance, nor fur a less term than twelve mouths. ■ vnts of over twelve lines will be charged PH* * Hals, •eiuents not paid for In advance will be charged at .' t rsvalar rates. ItKOUL.AU meetings ,F II ISON'S, KN'IGUT TEMPLARS, ODD FEL- j LOWS AND 30X8 OF TEMPERANCE,* HELP IN TUI CITY Os MACON. MASONS. • ta>l L ■•*?■* of lleorg.a fbr tX-t<dmr 31 t. .. .. .ne Chapter, No. 4, second Monday night in each .-vvio Council, No. C, fourth Monday night in each r - * Ku •ampment. Knights Templar, No. 2, Meeting* firry first Tuesday n l ght tn each month. ODD FELLOWS. - in .| Lj ic, first Wednesday in June. ,_ ; 4 Kncarupment,Tuesday previous. n l.oig- 1 , S . 2, every Thursday evening. Brothers, N0.5, every Tuesday evening, v in Kucarupiuent, N0.3, second and fourth Mnn uy evenings in each month. SONS OF TEMPERANCE. .; [>, ,ion, fourth Wednesday in October, annually. •PROFESSIONAL CARDS. J. BRAtHAH, Jr. attorney at law, iRACON, CIA. i vfflCE on Cotton Avenue over the Baptist Book ( ) . room formerly oeeupie-l by Dr. Green. Si. took, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MACON, GEORGIA. AFFICR with Speer k Hunter, over Bostick’* Store. U Feb. 20, iafil —y LA.HAit COBB, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MACON, GEORGIA, *\FA’IAU on Mulberry street, ovsr the Store of A. M. \ ) t,,, f. u rjr A DO.,in Boardman's Washington Block. > ..ra tice iu bibb, Crawford, l>ooiy, lloiulnn, Macon, Ta.gi.-s, rt urth, and oumter. feb Z7-y LAW CAK I>. ML&SRS. COOK, ROBINSON A MONT FORT, IFiLL pra- tier Law in the counties of Taylor, Macon, ff Houston, Dooly, Sumter, Marion, Schley, and :n such 1 eouauea in the State * their busmen* will authorise. .#* il, rat K at Ogieiiiorpe. CIIILIP COOK, W. H. ROBISSON, ,an* h)-’4o—tf T. W. MONTEOKT. . saa.. J *°- •* * ,u - Law Partuei>lip. HILL & HILL, to ihs uu fi*m or eTCEBS a hili..) WILL practice In the Macon and adjoining Circuits, ii.A in the Supreme and Federal Courts, the same as i.*rtofcre by the late firm of Stub!** A Hill. Tie onJerslged will close up the business of the late firm v -übbs A Hill, a* speedily as possible: and to this end, all i indebted to said firm, are requested to make pay sent at as early a day as practicable. B. HILL, surviving partner of A rust 24,1559 —28-ts Stubbs k Hill. LAZIER & ASfDERSOII, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, MACON, 04. PatCTICK in the Counties of the Macon Circuit, and In I ‘-he Counties of Sumter, Monroe and Jones; also in toe Courts at Savannah. [aprSl ’SB-ly] <! l \ eimi >e a ImUTt ATTORNEYS AT LAW, KNOXVILLK AND FORT VALLEY, A. <. V. CITLVLRHOCSE, F. A. ANSLEV, Knoxville, G. Fort Valley, Ga. Js-tSI-bSb-ly L. if. WHITTLE. ATTORNEYAT LAW, MACON, GEORGIA. IFFICE next to CONCERT HALL,over Payne** Drug Store jan. 6, [4l-ly.] THOMAS B. CABANISS, attorney at law, Forsytli, G-a- AV attend promptly to all bu*mr® entruited to his \1 care in the Counties of Monroe, liibb, Butti, Crawford, ncs, Pike, Spalding and Cpson. [nay 12 ’sb] PLEPLEB &CABANISB, attorneys at law, POIISYTH. CiA. V\ r ILL practice law in the coontiea of Monroe* Bibb, Up m sun, Pike, Spalding, ilenrj and butt*. Mr. Cabanisi * < •'* prompt and constant attention to the collection and * .rinjr of dtbu and claims. rtiniMfnfl C 5 PEEBLES, GEO. A. CAB AN 188. formerly of Athena* Ga. _ 6-\j. JOEL K. GRIFFIN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MACON, GEORGIA. Ain I.L. practice in the Counties of Macon anl the ad- II j Circuit.. Also in the .ounties of the West and *.t W e st Georgia, accessible by Hail Hoad. Particular personal attention given to collecting. 4*T Office with O. A. LocbraDe, Dtwour’i Building, 2d Street. feb -’o—t6-tf brs .V’DONALD a VAN tiIESCN, DENTISTS, Offi’ e in WawbiiigUm Itlock, .tiaron, Ga., KLKCTRICITY USED IN EXTRACTING TEETH. Ml C DOM tLD’S Tooth Paste always -y-gw.jga on hand and for sale. Dentists can WiL, • 1 with the finest style of TEETH, \ <i Pod, Gold and Silver Plate and Wire, ‘■y Pivtures, Ac., also with any kind of Instruments or ii* on short notice. °ct 13 A. C. .HOOKE, TANARUS) 35 IST, ‘I'HOMASTON, G.A.., (kFPiCE over Dr. Thompson’s Store. My work is my ’ f Inference. l*pr 1 *-tf 1 L. D. WILCOXSON & CO.. utrr*cTrkßs asn stunt r* CARRIAGES and harness, or event DESCkTPTIOS. •Sr.oww/ St., nr-j-t dnor th- jtPijitiM. ttrch, HII Bin store at all prices snd for ile on tli* rnort reasonable terms, a complete assortment of Pine iies.Calerhes. Brens, l*h-to*, Rockaway.and Buggies. ne: tT y >lw t r p, ht Pi %nta y 011 Wagons witli Iron A.xtek, of \-Z2} Possible description. Ail work warran*l. |H> 6,1*^1 Lmr>ions of the Old Palmello Mate, BY J. H. CALDWELL, T H; GEIIKGIA CONFI.KEKCE. 1 n 2 w * ,MI interesting book may now be h*d at the thodlst Book Depository. Price glim. Sent, post ?x * of ue SUM for SI.2S. Addreu. 1 4. W. BURKE. ... - ~ i rmrmtmm w^w— —■—w———i———i—Mß THE CON ST 1 TUtToN OF Till: STATE OF GEORGIA. ARTICLE 1. DECLARATION OF FUNDAMENTAL PRINCI IM.EH. 1. Tho fundamental principles of Free Government ran not lo 100 well understood, n'r too often recurred to. ~. Cod has ordained that men shall live uutWr government; but as the forms and v.duiiiii-tratious oi eivil government are in litunan, and therefor** fallible bands, thev ma\ be altered or modified whenever the safety or happiness of the governed require it, No government should be changed for I light or transient causes j nor*unless upon j reasonable assurance that a lietier will be established. •1. Protection to person and property is the duty of Government j and a Government which knowingly and persistently denies, or withholds from the governed such protec tion, when within its power, releases them from the obligation of obedience. 4. No citizen shall lie deprived of life, libehy or property, except by due process of law ; and of life or liberty, only by the judgment of his pec-r. 5. The writ of “ Habeas Output” shall not be suspended, unless in ease of rebel lion or invasion, the public safety may re quire it. fi. The right of the people to keep and ; Lear arms shall not be infringed. i. No religions test shall be required for the tenure of any office; and no religion shall be established by law j and no citizen shall be deprived of any right or privilege by reason of his religious belief. 8. Freedom of thought and opinion, free dom of speech, and freedom of the press, are inherent elements of political liberty. Put while every citizen may freely speak, write and print on any subject, he shall be res ponsible for the abuse of the liberty. 9. The right of the people to appeal to the courts ; tn petition Government, on all matters of legitimate cognizance ; and peace- • ably to as cm hie for the consideration of any matter of public concern—shall never be impaired. 10. For every right, there should lie pro vided a remedy ; and every citizen ought to obtain justice without purchase, without denial, and without delay—conformably to the laws of the land. 11. Every person charged with an offence against the laws of the State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel. Shall be furnished, on demand, with a copy of the accusation, and with a list of witnesses against him: Shall have compulsory process to obtain the attendance of his own witnesses : Shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him ; and Shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury. 12. No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offence. Id. No conviction shall work corruption of blood, or general forfeiture of estate. 14. Excessive bail shall not be required; nor excessive fines imposed ; nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted. li>. The power of the courts to punish for contempt shall lie limbed by Legislative Acts. 10. A faithful execution of the laws is essential to good order ; and good order in society is essential to liberty. 17. Legislative Aets in violation of the fundamental laws are void ; and the judi ciary shall so declare them. I*. Hr pout facto laws, and laws impair ing the obligation of contracts, and retro active legislation injuriously affecting the right of the citizen, are prohibited. 19. Laws should have a general opera tion ; and no general law shall be varied in a particular case by special legislation ; ex-1 eept with consent of all persons to be affect ed thereby. ‘2O. The right of taxation can be granted only by the people ; and shall be exercised only to raise revenue for the support of Government, to pay the public debt; to provide for the common defence, and for such other purposes as are specified in the grant of powers. 21. In cases of necessity, private ways and the right, to carry water over land for the purpose of mining and draining, may be granted upon just compensation being first paid ; and with this exception, private prop erty shall not be taken except for public use ; ami then, only upon just cases of pres sing necessity, to be first provided and paid. 22. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, bouses, papers and effects against ureasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated ; and no warrant shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describ ing the place or places to be searched, and. the person and things to be seized. 23. Mart ial law shall not be declared, except in case* of extreme necessity. 24. Dirge standing armies, in time of peace are dangerous to liberty. 25. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in auy house without the consent of the owner ; nor in time of war, but in a manner prescribed by law. 2<>. The person of a debtor shall not be detained in prison after delivering bona file all his estate for the use of Ins creditors. 27. The enumeration ol rights herein con tained shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent lights which they have hitherto enjoy*d. 28. This declaration is a part of this Con stitution, and shall never be violated on any pretence whatever. ARTICLE 11. Section 1. 1. The Legislative, Executive and Judi cial Departments, shall be distinct; and each department shall be confided to a sep arate body of magistracy. No person or collection,of persons, being of oue depart ment, shall exercise any power properly attached hither of the others ; except in case.? herein expressly provided. 2. The legislative power shall be vested in a General Assembly, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. 3. The meeting of the General Assembly shall be annual, and on the first Wednesday in November, until such day of meeting shall be altered by law. A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business; but a smaller number I may adjourn from day to day, and compel the attendance of their members, in suehj MACON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY, APRIL.], 1801. manner as each house shall prescribe. No session of the General Assembly shall con tinue for more tlutu forty days, unless the same shall be done by a vote of two-thirds of each branch thereof. 1. The compensation of the members and officers of the General Assembly shall be fixed by law, at the first session, subsequent to the adoption this Constitution; and the same shall not be increased so as to affect the compensation of the members or officers of the Assembly by which the in crease is adopted. o. No person holding any military com mission or other appointment, having anv emolument or compensation annexed there to, under this State or the Confederate States, or either of them, (except Justices ot the Inferior Court, Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia,) nor any default er for public money, or for legal taxes re quired of him, shall have a seat in either branch of the General Assembly ; nor shall any Senator or Representative, after his qualification as such be elected to any office or appointment by the General Assembly having anv emoluments or compensation an nexed thereto, during the time for which he shall have been elected. 0. No person convicted of any felony involving any species of crin# * fofsi, before any Court of this SiAte or of the Confederate States, shall be eligible to any office or ap pointment of honor, profit or trust, within this .State. 7. No person who is a collector or holder of public money, shall be eligible to any of fice iu this State, until the same is accounted for and paid into the Treasury. Section ‘l. 1. The Senate shall consist of forty-four members, one to be chosen from each .Sen atorial District, which district shall be com posed of three contiguous counties. If anew county is established, it shall he added to a district which it adjoins, until there shall he another arrangement of the Senatorial dis tricts. The Senatorial district shall not be changed except when a new r census shall have been taken. : 2 . No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and be a citizen of the Confedederate States, and have been for three years an inhabitant of this State, and for one year a resident of the district from which he is chosen. 3. The presiding officer shall be styled the President of the Senate, and shall be elected viva core from their own body. 4. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirm ation ; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further thau removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, profit or trust within the State; but the party con-! victed, shall, nevertheless,’ be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment according to law. Section 3, 1. The House of Representatives shall be composed as follows: The thirty-seven counties having the largest representative population shall have two Representatives each. Every other county ridiall have one Representative. The designation ol the counties having two Representativesehall be,, made by the General Assembly immediately j after the taking of each census. 2. No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained fiS the age of j twentv-one years, and he a citizen of the Confederate .States and have been for three years an inhabitant of this State, and for one year a resident of the county which he represents. 3. The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall he styled the Speaker, and shall be elected viva voce from their ! own body. 4. They shall have the sole power to im peach all persons who have been or may , be in office. 5. All bills for raising revenue or appro priating money, shall originate in the House j of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur iu amendments, as in oth er bills. Section 4. 1. Each House shall be the judge of the election, returns, and qualifications of its own members; and shall have power to pun ish them for disorderly behavior or miscon duct, by censure, fine, imprisonment or ex pulsion ; but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of two-thirds of the House from which ho is expelled. 2. Each House may punish, by imprison ment not exceeding beyond the session, any person not a member, who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderl} 7 behavior in its presence; or who, during the session, shall threaten injury to the person or estate of any member therefor, or who shall as sault or arrest any witness g f *ing to or return- ing therefrom; or who shall rescue, or attempt to rescue, any person arrested by order of either House. 3. The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest, during their attendance on the General Assembly’, and in going to and returning therefrom except for treason, felo ny, or breach of the peace. Ami no mem ber shall be liable to answer, in any other plaee, for anything spoken in debate in either House. 4. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and publish them immediately after its adjournment. The yeas and nays of the’members on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of the mem Inirs pres ent., be entered on the journals. The orig inal journals shall he preserved (after publi cation) in the office of the Secretary of State; but there shall be no other record thereof. 5. Every bill, before it shall pass, shall be road three times, and on three separate and distinct days in each House, unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection. — Nor shall any law or ordinances pass which refers to more than one subject matter, or contains matter different from what is ex pressed in the title thereof. <>. All Acts shall be signed by the Presi dent of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives; and no bill, or dinance or resolution intended to have the effect of law, which shall have been rejected bv either House, shall be again proposed under the same or any other title, without the consent of two thirds of the House by which the same was rejected. 7. Neither House shall adjourn for more I thiin three flays, dos to any other place, without the consent of the other; and in ease of disagreement between the two Houses, on a question of adjournment, the Governor may adjourn them. 8. Every Senator and Representative, be fore taking his seat, shall Like an oath or affirmation to support the Constitution of the Confederate States and of this State ; and also, that he hath not practiced any unlaw ful means, either directly or indirectly, to procure his electron. And every person convicted of having given or offered a bribe shall be disqualified from serving as a mem ber of either House for the term for which he was elected. 9. Whenever this Constitution requires an Act to be passed by two-thirds of both Houses, the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the journals of each. Section 5. 1. The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances, con sistent with this Constitution and not repug nant to the Constitution of the Confederate States, whieh they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State. 2. They may alter the boundaries of coun ties, and lav off and establish new counties ; but every bill to establish anew county shall be passed by at least two thirds of the members present, in each branch of the Gen eral Assembly. 3. They shall provide fur the taking of a census or enumeration of the people of this State, at regular decades of year, commenc ing at such times as they may prescribe. 4. The General Assembly shall have pow er to appropriate money for the promotion of learning and science, and to provide for the education of the people. 5. The General Assembly shall have pow er, by a vote of two-thirds of each branch, to grant pardon in cases of final conviction for treason, and to pardon or commute in cases of final conviction for murder. Section 0. 1. The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privi leges to private companies, except to bank ing, insurance, railroad, canal, plank-road, navigation, mining, express, lumber and tel egraph companies ; nor to make or change election precincts; nor to establish bridges and fi Tries ; nor to change names of legiti mate children; but shall by law, prescribe the manner iu which such power shall be exercised by the Gourts. Rut no hank charter shall be granted or extended, and no Act passed authorizing the suspension of specie payment by any chartered hank, ex cept by a vote of two-thirds of each branch of the General Assembly. ‘2. No money shall be drawn fiom the Treasury of this State, except by appropria tion made by law ; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditure of all public money shall be published from time to tjrne. 3. No vote, resolution, law or order shall pass, granting a donation or gratuity in fa vor of any person, except by the concurrence of two-thirds of each branch of the General Assembly. , 3. No law shall be passed by which a citizen shall be compelled, directly or indi rectly, to become a stockholder in or con tribute to a railroad cr other work of internal improvement, without his consent; except the inhabitants of a corporate town or city. This provision shall not be construed to deny the power of taxation for the purpose of making levees or dams to prevent the overflow of rivers. Section 7. 1. The importation or introduction of ne groes from any foreign country, other than the slaveholding States or Teiritories of the United States of America, is forever prohib ited. 2* The General Assembly may prohibit the introduction of negroes from any State; but they shall have no power to prevent immigrants from bringing their slaves with them. 3. The General Assembly shall have no power to pass laws for the emancipation of slaves. 4. Any person who shall maliciously kill or maim a slave, shall suffer such punish ment as would be inflicted in case the like offence had been committed on a free white person. ARTICLE 111. Section 1. 1. The executive power shall be vested in a Governor, who shall hold his office dur ing the term of two years, and until such time as a successor shall be chosen and qual ified. He shall have a competent salary fixed by law, which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected ; neither shaH he receive, within that period, any other emol ument from the Confederate States, or from either of them, or from any foreign power. 2. The Governor shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly, on the first Wednesday in October, in the year of our Lord 18(il ; and on the first Wednesday in October in every second year thereafter until such time be altered by law ; which election shall be held at the plaee of holding general elec tions, and in the several counties of this State, iu the manner prescribed for the elec tion of members of the General Assembly. The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separate ly from other returns, and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives; and transmitted to the Governor, or the person exercising the duties of Governor for the time being; who shall without opening the said returns, cause the same to be laid before the Senate, on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be trans mitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives. The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall con vene in the Representative chamber, and the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, shall open and publish the returns in presence of the General Assembly; and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes giv en in, shall be declared duly elected Gover nor of this State, but if no person have such majority, then from the two persons having the highest number of votes, who shall be in life, and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the Legislature to elect, the General Assembly shall immedi ately elect a Governor viva voce ; and in all cases of election of a Governor by the Gen eral Assembly, a majority of the votes of the members present shall be necessary for a choice. Contested elections shall he de termined by both Houses of the General Assembly, iu such manner as shall be pre scribed by law. 3. No person shall be eligible to the of fice of Governor who shall not, have been a citizen of the Confederate .States twelve years, and an inhabitant of this State six years, and who hath not attained the age of thirty years. 4. In ease of the death, resignation or dis ability of the Governor, the President of the Senate shall exercise the executive power? of the Government until such disability be removed, or a successor is elected and qualified. And in ease of the death, resig nation or disability of the President, of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Repre sentatives? shall exercise the executive power of the government until the removal of the disability or t le election and qualification of a Governor. 5. The Governor shall, before he enters on the duties of his office, take the following oath or affirmation : “I do solemnly swear or affirm (as the ease may be) that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia; and will, to the best of iny abilities, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution thereof.” Seri ion 2. 1. The Governor shall be the Oommander m-Chief of the army and navy of this State, aDd of the militia thereof. 2. He shall have power to grant reprieves for offences against tin* State, except in cases of impeachment, and to grant pardons, or to remit any part of a sentence, in all cases after conviction, except for treason or murder, in whieh eases he may respite the execution, and make report thereof to the next General Assembly. 3. He shall issue writs of executions to till vacancies that, happen in the Senate or House of Representatives, and shall have power to convene the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions; and shall give them, from time to time, information of the state of the republic, and recommend to their consideration such measures as lie may deem necessary and expedient. 4. When any office shall become vacant by death or resignation, or otherwise, the Governor shall have power to till such va cancy unless otherwise provided for by law ; and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is appointed agreea bly to the mode pointed out by this Consti tution, or by law in pursuance thereof. 5. A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be r?-appointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session, or the recess thereafter. 6. The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by both Houses, before the same shall become laws, but two-thirds of each House may pass a law notwithstand ing his dissent; and if any bill should not. be returned by the Governor within five days (Sundays excepted ) after it has been presented to him, the same shall be a law, unless the General Assembly, by their ad journment, shall prevent its return. He may approve any appropriation and disap prove any other appropriation in the same bill, and the latter shall not, be effected un less passed by two-thirds of each House. 7. Every vote, resolution, or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary, except on a question of elec tion or adjournment,, shall he presented to the Governor; and before it shall take ef fect, be approved by him, or being disap proved, shall be re-passed by two-thirds of each House, according to the rules and lim itations prescribed in case of a bill. 8. There shall be a Secretary of State, a Comptroller General, a Treasurer, and Sur veyor-General, elected by the General As sembly, and they shall hold their offices for the like period as the Governor, and shall have a competent salary, which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which they shall have been elected.— The General Assembly may at any time con solidate any two of these offices and require all the duties to be discharged by one offi cer. 9. The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State, and shall not be affixed to any in strument of writing, but by order of the Governor or General Assembly; and the General Assembly shall, at their first ses sion, after the rising of this convention, by law, cause the great seal to be altered. 10. The Governor shall have power to appoint his own Secretaries, not exceeding two in number. ARTICLE IV. Section 1. 1. The Judicial powers of this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court for the cor rection of errors, Superior, Inferior, Ordin ary and Justices Courts, and in such other courts as have been or may be established by law. 2. The Supreme Court shall consist of three Judges, who shall be appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of two-thirds of the Senate, for such term of years as shall be prescribed by law, and shall continue in office until their successors shall he appointed and qualified, removable by the Governor on the address of two-thirds of each branch of the General Assembly, or by impeachment and conviction thereon. 3. The said Court shall have no original jurisdiction, but shall be a Court alone for the trial and correction of errors in law and equity from the Superior Courts of the sev eral circuits* and shall sit, at least once year, at a time prescribed by law in each of one or more judicial districts, designated by the General Assembly for that purpose, at such point in each district as shall by the General Assembly be ordained, for the trial and determination of writs of error from the several Superior Courts included in such judicial districts. 4. The said Courts shall dispose of and finally determine every ease on the docket of such Court at the first or second term after such writ of error brought; and in case the plaintiff in error shall not be pre pared, at the first term of such Courts after error brought, to prosecute the cause, unless precluded by some providential cause from such prosecution, it shall be stricken from the docket, and the judgment below shall stand affirmed. Section 2. 1. The Judges of the Superior Courts shall be appointed in the same manner as Judges of the Supreme Court, from the cir cuits in which they are to serve, for the term of four years, and shall continue in office until their successors shall be appoint ed nnd qualified, removable by the Governor on the address of two-thirds of each branch of the General Assembly, or by impeach ment and conviction thereon. 2. The Superior Court shall have exclus ive jurisdiction in all esses of divorce, both total and partial; but no total divorce shall be granted, except on the concurrent ver dicts of two special juries. In each divorce case, the Gourt shall regulate the rights an.l disabilities of the parties. *'• The Superior (!ourt shall also have exclusive jurisdiction in all criminal cases, except as relates to people of color, lines for neglect of duty, contempt of Court, viola tions ot road laws, and obstructions of water courses, jurisdiction of which shall be vest ed in such judicature or tribunal as shall be or may have been pointed out by law ; and except in all other minor offenses com mitted by free white persons and which do not subject the offender or offenders to los9 of life, Jimb or member, or to confinement in the Penitentiary ; in all such eases, Cor poration Courts, such as now exist, or may hereafter be constituted, in any incorporated city or town, may be vested with jurisdic tion, under such rules and regulations as the Legislature may hereafter by law direct. 4. All criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed, ex cept in cases where a jury cannot be obtain ed. 0. ‘1 he Superior Court shall have exclus ive jurisdiction in all eases respecting titles to land, which shall be tried in the county where the laud lies ; and also in all equity causes, which shall be tried in the county where one or more of the defendants reside, I against whom substantial relief is prayed. 6 It shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such eases as may be provided by law. i. It shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari, and to grant new trials in the Superior Court on propier aud legal grounds. 8. It shall have power to issue writs of mandamus, prohioitiou, seire facias, and all other writs which may be necessary for car rying its powers fully into effect. 9. ‘J’he Superior and Inferior Courts shall have concurrent jurisdictioa in all other civ il causes; which shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides. 10. In eases of joint obligors, or joint promisors or carpenters, or joint trespassers residing in different counties, the suit may lie brought in either county. 11. In ease of a maker and indorser or indorsers of promissory notes residing in dif ferent counties in this State, the same may be sued in the County where the maker re sides. 12. The Superior and Inferior Courts shall sit in each county twice in every year, at such stated times as have been or may be appointed by the General Assembly. Section 3. 1. The judges shall have salaries ade quate to their services fixed by law, which shall not be diminished during their contin uance in office ; but shall not receive any other perquisites or emoluments whatever, from parties or others, on account of any duty required of them. 2. There shall be a State’s Attorney and Solicitors appointed in the same manner as the judges of the Supreme Court aud com missioned by the Governor; who shall hold their offices for the term of four years, or until their successors shall be appointed and qualified, unless removed by sentence or im peachment, or by the Governor, on the ad dress of two-thirds of each branch of the General assembly. They shall have salaries adequate to their services fixed by law, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. 3. The .Justices of the Inferior Courts shall be elected in each county by the per sons entitled to vote for members of the General assembly. 4. The Justices of the Reace shall be elected in each district by the persons enti tled to vote for members of the General As sembly. 5. The powers of a Court of Ordinary and of Probate, shall be vested in an Oidinary for each county, from w hose decisions there may be an appeal to the Superior Court, un der regulations prescribed by law. The or dinary shall be ex officio clerk of said Court, and may appoint a deputy-clerk. The or dinary, as elerk, or bis deputy, may issue ci tations aud great temporary letters of admin istration, to hold until permanent letters are granted ; and said ordinary, as clerk, or his deputy, may grant marriage licenses. The ordinaries in and for the respective counties shall be elected, as other counties shall he elected, as other county officers, are on the first Wednesday in January, 1804, and eve ry fourth year thereafter, and shall lie com missioned by the Governor for the term of four years. In case of my vacancy of said office of ordinary, from any cause, the same shall he filled by election, as is provided in relation to other county officers, and until the same is filled, the Clerk of the Superior Court for the time being shall act as clerk of said Court of Ordinary. ARTICLE v. 1. The electors of members of the Gener al Assembly shall be free white male citizens of this State ; and shall have attained the age of twenty-one years; and have paid all taxes which may have been required of them, and which they have had an opportunity of paying, agreeably to law, for the year pre ceding the election ; and shall have lesided six months within the district or county. 2. All elections by the General Assembly Shall be by viva voce, and when the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of electing, they shall meet in the Representative chamber, and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside, and declare the person or persons elected. 3. In all elections by the people, the elec tors shall vote by ballot, until the General Assembly shall otherwise direct. 4. All civil officers shall continue in the exercise of the duties of their several offices, during the periods for which they were ap pointed, or until they shall be superseded by appointments made in conformity with this Constitution ; and all laws now iu force shall contioue to operate, so far as they are com patible with this Constitution, until they shall expire, be altered or repealed; and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass all necessary laws and regulations for carrying this Constitution into full effect. 6. All militia and county officers shall be elected by the people in such manner as the General Assembly may by law direct. 6. This Constitution shall be amended only by a Convention of the people called for that purpose. 7. This Constitution shall not take effect VOLUME XXXIX—NO. 2. until the same is ratified by the people.— And to this end there shall be an election nehl at all the places of public election in this •"state, on the Ist Tuesday in July, 18GJ, ‘ v u ‘ u die citizens of this State entitled o \nte i°i- Governor, shall cast their ballots mther for “ Ratification” or “Xo Ratifica tion. The election shall be conducted in the same manner as general elections, and the returns shall be made to the Governor, ff a majority of the votes east shall be for Ratification, the Governor shall by procla mation declare this Constitution adopted by the people. Rut if for Xo Ratification, that fact shall be proclaimed by the Governor, anil this Constitution shall have no effect whatever. Done in Convention of the Delegates of the people of the State of Gjjf&rgia, at Savan nah, on the 23d day of March, in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and sixty T-one. In testimony whereof the President of said Convention has hereunto set his band, and caused the same to be attested by the Secre tary thereof. Piug-lMiigjHwg. f was spending a fcwMfc in an excellent not el at the South. 1 numer ous, and were the hen about; to retire, I noticed that rang the bell repeatedly before any servant ap i peared to accompany me to my room. Di rectly under my room, in the court of the house, was the bell which summoned the waiters to the office. Hour after hour the bell was jingling, the repetition after the first call having more ansi more of a scolding, imperative tone. The truth I found to be, to my cost, that the servants, naturally lazy, had become accustomed to wait for the third or fourth call before stirring, so that they did not consider themselves really called un til the last ring ; whereas the simple and in variable regulation to answer the first ring j would have secured pi-oper obedience, and jail the subsequent ding-dings were not only ‘needless, but mischievous. It would not be strange if they should be entirely disregarded at last. Parents are apt to ring too often. One command or request is enough, if it is un derstood. Every repetition weakens author ity, and encourages disobedience. Let it be a fixed principle of domestic discipline, that instant obedience is to follow each command, and the trouble of government b at an end; while the opposite principle Las in it the ele ments of procrastination and rebellion, which will reach beyond the family and beyond time. Teachers make the same mistake. Per haps the school is noisy. Ding-ding goes the bell. The noise continues. Ding-ding ding. The timid give heed, but the clamor ceases not. Ding-ding-ding-oVn^-DiNG.— The school is brought to a stand at last; but the probability is that every subsequent up roar will demand an additional ditty. The training, to be authoritative and effectual, should be such that the first touch of the bell should arrest every ear, and the refusal to heed that should be dealt with as rebellion. liefer. The Light i a Clieertnl Face. There is no greater every day virtue than cheerfulness. This quality in man among men is like sunshine to the day, or gentle, reticwiug moisture to the parched herbs.— The light of a cheerful face diffuses itself, and communicates the happy spirit that in spires it. The sourest temper must sweeten in the atmosphere of continuous good humor. As well might fog, and cloud, and vapor, hope to cling to the sun illuminated land scape, as the blues and moroseness io combat jovial speech and exhilerating laughter.— Be cheerful always. There is no path but will be easier traveled, no load but will be lighter, no shadow on heart, or brain hut will lift, sooner in the presence of a determined cheerfulness. It may some times seem dif ficult for the temppered to keep the the countenance of peace and content; but the difficulty will vanish, when we truly consider that sullen gloom and passionate [despair do nothing but multiply thorns and | thicken sorrows. 11l comes to us as provi dentially as good, and is as good if we right fully apply its lessons ; who will not then cheerfully accept the ill and blunt its appar ent sting ? Cheerfulness ought to be the fruit of phil osophy and Christianity. What is gained by peevishness, by perverse sadness and sul lenness ? If we are ill, let us be cheered by the trust that we shall soon be in health; if misfortune befall us, let us be cheered by hopeful visions of better fortune; if death rob us of dear ones, let us be cheered by the thought that they are only gone before to the blissful bowers where we shall all meet to part no more forever. Cultivate cheerful ness if only for personal profit. It will be your consoler in solitude, your passport and commentator in society. Vou will be more sought after, more trusted and esteemed for your steady cheerfulness. The Foundation of C haracter. The groundwork of all manly character is veracity. That virtue lies at the foundation of every thing solid. How common it is to hear parents say, “ I have faith in my child so long as he speaks the truth. He may have many faults, but I know he will not deceive me. I build on that Confidence.” They are right. It is a lawful and just ground to build upon. And that is a beau tiful confidence. Whatever errors tempta tion may betray a child into, so loDg as brave, open truth remains, there is something to depend on—there is anchor ground —there is substance at the center. Men of the world feel so about one another. They can be tol erant and forbearing so long as their erring brother is true. It is the fundamental vir tue. Ordinary commerce can hardly pro ceed a step without a good measure of it.— If we cannot believe what others say to us, we cannot act upon it, and to an immense extent that is saying that we cannot act at ill. Truth is a common interest. W hen we defend it, we defend the basis of all social order. When we vindicate it, vindicate jur own foothold. When we plead for it, it s like pleading for the air of health we breathe. When vou undertake to benefit a lying man, it is like putting your foot into ,he mire.— F- D Huntington. Cato observed, he would much rather hat posterity should inquire why no statues were erected to him, than why they i cere. *WThe young ladies of Albany, Ga., gave what .hey called a “Homespun Pic Nic,” at Blue Spring near that city, last Saturday. They ware all clad ;in konmpen.