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HV s. iiOSIO (S: CO. * . r Journal & Messenger * l everjr WiataMi; morniapet t? 50 ]h.t mrinum. I’ 1 ’ (| Hie charge mil oe Os* JUoU-AK -’*■* .. ~f o'ii llieu>W> Words or Lt, for the first iuaer t\rvT f,,r ***•’•* insertion. Ail t- ;* . not riiesiifrl * to note, will be published * - , i in I oitsrfisl ac* ‘blintlr. A libersl discount : iiu-e • d-Wenti** by Ike yesr. *■ ‘ t ,* .Soru'ks of ovkr r*s uiu, trill be charged At u ’ “ . -m. of enruLJates for oitee, to be ;*id for *t ’ ’ ■ [i inet, when inserted. 1 ‘ ,j,; ue.n m*ue with county officers, Drug ‘ . (jeers, HerdttcU, and others, who iu*y i*b to *c*f - Lnia'f Ns.s iss.by Executors, AdiamistrAtors p |: ins. dr * riqnireJW law to h= Advertised in a .. ti * forty day* irutri>us to the day of sale. P J 1 “ ‘ . jj.n: be hel ion the tirst l'ueaday in tbe mouth, be-irs >*f ten In the forenoon and three in the JU it tn- Court-house in the county iu which the l.tte-1. tg.i->vL I'RiiPSRTT raust be advertised in like i>ußtn*s 4Sb CaatbiTvbts of au E.-iate must be <,* I f.irty dsys. * . pj . jp ile-ation will he made to the Ordinary' for ,g . •:! L i'id and Negro-;*, mast he published weekly lor f>r f.e'.ters of \dmioistrations, thirty days ; for r, , < i fro-ii AI n iiitrtion, monthly, si* months; for . . : fro ‘■ U.iardianship, weekly, forty days . , .* l'op.KciA>siio nr doarotoc, moodily, four ” ; f.r e-t thlisbio? Inst papers, for the full space of ,i nth#; for co n;;3!hue titles from executors or ad .is .'here a bond has b-en given by the deceased, ... isii > jice of three months. ‘ ’ jjp h.-iters addressed to si. ROSE A CO. Professional and HiiviiK Jleii. mi axb It -sink's Cards will he inserted under st the following rates, viz : , r i :ree lines,per tunotn $ 5 00 .. vv.*!> lines, do ...” 10 00 Ten uses, do 12 U 0 ■* Tr-lre linos, d0...... U - il. it: of this cl sss wiil !>e admitted, unleai : ,r :i advance, nor r ir a lass term than t welve months, j i nts of ovwr twelve lines wiil be charged pro kat a, j , 11 nts not paid for in advance will be charged at | 11 lici LT la A K Mci Iff hiN OS ‘JASONS, KNIGHT TEUPL.VRS, ODD FEL [,OiVS ANO SONS OF TEMPER VVOE, Hal.r* IN THE CITY OP MACON. MASONS. L• 1 of for IS*W, October Hist. , Sa. 5. lira* au.l third Monday nights in each - . I'hiptef. Nn. I, sc.vm.t Monday flight in each C noil, X in, fourth M .tt.hty night in each K 1- iLopmena. Kn.-;'.jts Templar, No. 2, Jd.-eiiugj . y firs*. Tuesday ui each Month. ODD FELLOWS. ■ I ‘ \’first AVcdriej ‘uy in June. ;.!,'a .1 tuienl, TiMthf previous. ... 1 1. > u-s >. every I'li iraday evening. s, Vo. 5, every Tuesday rvenlng. r'. - - : t, Ny. 2. soodiid and fourth Mon . . . in eat*h mrmtl.. 30 N 5 OF TEMPERANCE. > Ui fourth WedaesiUy in October, annuillj. rKV PK S SlO AA la €A K iTsT j. unwnxn, Ir. attorney at law, .ti lt A. OFUt'E on Cotton Avenne over the Baptist Book - te, room formerly occupied by lit . Green. S. k. COOk, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MACON, GEOK'IIA. ‘ 1 s a with Speer A tlutter, over Bostick’* Store. U - , inh—jr ... I.ATIAit COBB, ATTORNEY aT LAW, MvCO.v, GEORGIA, Op!•- J, gou Mulberry street, over tile Store of A. il .. u co., in tJoardman’s Wasbiugtou Block. j'U.tice in Bibb, Crawford, Uooly, Uouatou, Macou, I, Vfortlk, ami DOIU tr. teb li-y LAW CAIiU. MESSRS. COOK, ROBINSON & MONT FORT, tiritb practice La* in the countie* of Taylor, Macon, 11 il lAuu, Dooly, a mil ter, Aim. ju, eciilcy, and luauch iii::es in the :tate as their business will authorise, df'drl'il iial Oglelhorpe. BUli-IP COOK, W. U. UOBI.vcOK, jiiD*SiA’6o—tf T. W. MONTFOKT. *. rti. jao. a. bill Law I’arluership. HILL to HILL, •U'.KIWIiIS TO rut. LA TK FIRM >P SVC BBS t BILL.) U’lL:. practice in the Macon and adjoining Circuit*, if ... i.a the Supreme and federal Court*, the same as wreiofore by the late firm of Stubb* t Hill. T itn >rsiged will close up the business of the late firm •f':. jt ii il, as rfpeediiv a* possible . and to this end, all ■til to*.iid lirm,aie re<iueted to make pay* o*l! zl as early a day as jiracticaklc. • B. HILL., surviving partner of 1ag.’...; 1 -*9 23-ts Stubb* t Hill. LA\ i i>R tV AADEKSOX, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, HACOX, A. P .ACTIC* in the Counties of the Macon Circuit, and in ’ - lantiesofSumter, Monroe and Jones; aUo in toe Courts at gavaanah. [mpr 31 *SS-ly] < i •.i: BKOI **: it a >M*Ba ATTORNEYS AT LAW, KSOXVILLB AND FOr.T VAtLRT, UA. 3 P. CCLVERHOU-E, F. A. ANSf.EY, Knoxville, Ga. I‘ort Valley, Os. 1.. V. WHITTLE ATTORNEY AT LAW, J/ 1 COY, U EOtWIA. r.Lr t it to COXCEIIT HALL,over Payne’* Drug Store *a., tU-ly.J . ■ ‘ Tilo.ll AS B. C.IBAIISN attorney at law, tli, G-a. i f , lbs. attend promptly to all business entrusted to Lis ’’ :i the Counties of Monroe, Bibb, Butu, Crawford, n --1 ,r, .'paldiug and Cpsuu. imay 1 i ’ibj FEGFLEI V CAKAKISS, attorneys at law, tMUivViTI, GA. • i c practice law iu the countie* of Monroe, Bibb, Up- n, t'Cte, Spalding, Uenry and But. Mr.Cabanis* - -. rju.pt and cons.ant attention to the collection and -i and -bt* and claim*. _ GEO. A. CABANIBS. •A * ■,* -. Ga. *-*/• JOEL 11. GRIFFIN, attorney at law, MACON, GEORGIA. Wll.L practice in the Counties of Macon and the ad '* j . am; Circuits. Aio in the-ountie* of the West and b. \v e<t Georgia, accessible by Bail Ko*d. Particular pergonal attention given to collecting. .ts ou. with O A. Lochraae, Damour’s Building, 2d ®'-t*'t. feb ii-’eo—4B-tf r. l’DO\ Al. A VAS GIESEA, DENTISTS, ®®te in Wavliinglon Hlock, tfacn, Ca.i KLKCTRIOITT used in extracting teeth. Ml DON ALU’S Tooth Paste always nmo—w a hand au i lor sale. Dentist* can be:•xgtatfSf “! :th the fl:ie*t style of TEETH, also'v(T^^^wßp% • foil. Gold and bilver Plate and Wire, ‘ •- 1 f.ztures, A*:., also with any klnu of In*trumeuU or • v-trialz on short notice. I® A. C. MOO It Cs 1)13 N^ftTIST, TKOMASTON, CJ-A.-, ( \FFJCp; over Dr. Thompaon’iHtore. My work I* ■>> ’ ‘ Kefr.-erce. (apr7-tf) Clothiafl! dolliinsS!! I t Ul -iE Stock for sale, withoutreaa'd toco*t. Now ‘“at to get cheap Olo.bing . ♦VUcul, Rye, ISiirlef anil Oath. Ss } -I.KCTK especially for seed. In store and so *-■* (ret 111) McCALUK AJOhia n Hay. i(}A E U.ES Prime elected Hav, for * ’e low by rATION BBOU.INa.-Bwl* JfW *” ‘ ‘* assortment of Negro Phoes, we *Kd V, • °®’-* r ed In this Market. Men’s double soled ie# *4 and russetts ; do. heavy single soled black *b jv’ ! ' J; do - bay* aad youth* black and ruisetu, all ol *1 wUIa * 7tr J low - MIX * KIRTLAND Ba, Whl*key Jn Btoraaad for sale by McCALUK A JONU S®oicttoji 01# Jllieooieß|ero MAJOII ANDEIISON VUIMVCII n NEW YORK ! APPEARANCE OF ADDER ON AND HIS MEN. THEIR RECErriOX. DOI BI.E DAY’S STATE WENT. The New \ork Eventny Erprt/e, of Fiiursdny eontiiii.-s the following particulars >f the arrival of Major Audersou ia New York : Fhe g ivcrnment steamer Baltic arrived this (Thursday) morning. When she was r ih'.>rred off .Sandy Iloolc, a telegram was sent to Quran tine, announcing the event, and the people immediately lined the long j extent of shore, with the ohjeet of giving her an enthusiastic reception. Small boats were chartered by private individuals who were desirous .f greeting the gallant defend er of a besc-ige 1 fort. 1 lie noble steam ship as she came up the Narrows, elioited ihe utmost enthusiasm.— She carried at her masthead the colors which had been flying over Fort Sumter up to the moment of its evacuation. The Union had pierced by four balls, and tbe field was torn. It was naturally an object of curiosity and interest by the officers, civilians and men on board. j The fl ig which had preceded it, and which | was first bullet rent, was flying at the fore j mast head of the vessel. I The following are the names of the pas-* sengers : M ijor Anderson, Ist Artillery ; A. Dou b led ay, Captain ; T. Seymour, Captain ; J. C. Davis, Ist Lieutenant j N. J. Hall, *2ud Lieutenant; J. E. Fisher, Captain of Ea giueer Corps; G. \\ . Snyder, Ist Lieuten ant of Engineer Corps; ILK. Meade, Jr., ‘Jil l Lieutenant of Engineer Corps; Dr. 8. W. Crawford, Medical Corps; Miss Annie F Davis and attendant; Sergeant Ram chan, Company H,d'2 men ; Serg. Scherb uer, Compiny K, il) men; John Livarar’ Engineer Corps, wounded in the battle j John Kriom, A.rtillery, wounded in battle } •Jus. H tyer, Artillery, wounded in battle ; Ujo. Fiiicli;irJ, Artillery, wounJed in battle j l=t Lieut. E. j.M. Jv. HuHson, 4th Artillery; ‘Jud Liicut. liobt. <>. Tyler, B<l Artillery ; Lieut. C. J. Thomas, Ist Infantry, and 200 recuits for general service. The Health Officer yocs on Hoard. When the vessel was nearly opposite Quar antine, the Flealth Officer, Dr. Gunn, went on board, and after a formal inspection, en gaged in conversation with the officers.— Major Anderson was, of course, “the observ ed of all observers,” and when the vast mul titude ou the shore were hoarse in calling for him to appear, a messenger was dispatch ed to the cabin to apprize him ‘ ( the fact, aud he immediately mounted the hurricane deck, whence lie repeatedly returned the salute. His appearance excited the most enthusiastic cheering. What the Officers think of the “ Courier” Article. Seve al gentlemen made known the arti cle which denounced Major Anderson as a traitor, which receutly appeared in the Now York Courier. The Major and the officers expressed surprise that such an article should appear. They pronounced it simply the result of ignorance or malice. Major Amlersou s Statement. Major Auderson having been applied to for au account of the attack ou and defence of Fort Sumter, said that he was too hoarse to talk himself, but he deputed one of his Lieutenants, who furnished, in substance, | tbe following statement: The Secession forces on the 10th inst., had made every arrangement for an attack, and all their guns were manned. On the following morning a demand was made on Major Anderson, by Gen. Beauregard, to evacuate the fort. Major Anderson refused firmly to accede to this request, aud iu answer remarked that he would probably be starved out in a few days. When this answer was received, Gen. Beauregard dispatched a messenger to the fort, wh i inquired ou what day the gar rison would be starved out, and Major Anderson would agree not to open his batteries on the opposite forts meanwhile. The Major replied that, he would probably be oblige Ito evacuate the fort on Monday, liefore noon, and would not commence hos tilities unless the secession troops fired at his fort, or the national flag which waved over it, or the vessels which boro it. When the answer was announced to Gen. Beauregard, a consultation took place, after which the (ieneral apprized Major Anderson, through a special messenger, that he would open his baftc ies on tbe tort in one hour. All the ’ preliminary arrangements were then made in Fort Sumter for the expected battle, and the command h iving taken their position at and contiguous to the guns, were ordered not to leave the casements till they were surrounded. At precisely half-past four o’clock, on the morning of the 11th, the South Carolina forces opened a terrific fire, with apparently increasing and damaging vigor, on Fort Sum ter ; but the fire was not returned till three hours after, when the men had taken break fast during the day ; and the shot and shell. • which descended in a fiery shower on the fort, enveloped the flooring in flames. Sev- j er.il of the troops, who could be ill spared, wre ordered te extinguish the fire. When they had succeeded, another conflagration was observed, and then a third, which, after the exertions of hours, were put out. The men were thoroughly fatigued, and some of them almost exhausted with the work.— When night arrived it was unusually dark so dark that neither aim or distauce could be observed, aud Major Auderson ordered the batteries to be closed. f l he Secession troops, too, partially ceased tiring, for the same reason. On the 13th instant, Major Anderson again ordered the batteries to be worked and returned a vigorous fire on the enemy. The rapid discharge of ball and shell from tbe secessionists contributed to make the scorched air around the Fort almost fatal to breathe. The tire of Gen. Beauregard’s troops was so desperate that it was impossi ble to work the barbette guns, which had to be abandoned in consequence. The difficul ties under which Major Anderson labored were increased by the fact, that a portion of his men had to be employed in making car tridges, which caused intervals between the disebatge of his guns, not otherwise intended or expected. On the morning of the loth mst., the Southeast portion of the barracks of the Fort took fire, *ud the flamea sooa spread MACON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY, MAY t, 1861. rapidly, threatening a fearful death tj the gallant defenders. When the revolutionists observed the conflagration they increased their fire, to the surprise of the officers of the Fort, who did not expect such a proceeding. Indeed, the impression was general that the troops of South Carolina would come over under a flag of truce and extinguished the flames. Nearly all Major Anderson’s command were then engaged iu the labor of reducing or putting out the fire, which spread so rapid ly that if reached the precincts of the maga zine, where ninety barrels of powder were stored. All the troops were then ordered to move the p order, which, after dangerous labor, was covered with wet blankets uud taken out The piec.iution was rendered necessary by the eireums'anee that the copper doors<rf the powder chain!) -r ware hot enough almost to cause immediate ignition. The air, too, which surrounded the fort, was similar to the blast of an overheated furnace and threat ed immediate mortality among the men, who were obliged to cover their faces continually with wet cloths, to exteud their painful ex istence. Mill the tire of the revolutionists was kept up and the powder which was saved iii order to escape anticipated explo sion, had to be thrown into the sea. A few of the troops, however, maimed the guns, with the object of showing by their weak and vain lire, that they were still alive and would die protecting the National flag. At this juncture, General Beauregard dis patched a mosssenger, inquiring if Major Anderson would evacuate the tort. Major Anderson replied that he was ready to do so on the conditions he had named two days before but the Major did not otter to surreu d'r the fort. When Gen. Beauregard heard the reply he sent another messenger to the i fort, ottering that Major Anderson might ! leave the fort on his own conditions — being, I isi military phrase, the honors ot war. Ma ijor Anderson accepted the proposition, aud i the steamer Isabel, belonging to the revolu tionists, afterwards came the tort, when the commandant, troops aud laborers j embarked. f i he American ensign was then lowered , from the flag-staff of the fort, and placed over the Isabel during which ceremony a sulutc of fifty guns was fired iu respect to the colors. As the Isabel glided over the waters with the Federal troops, the American flag was raised, and a band on board struck up “ Yankee Doodle.” The evacuation of the fort was a necessity, as existence there, under the circumstances, was almost au impossibility. Appearance of Major Anderson and his Command. The Commandantof Fort Sumter presents, in his general appearauce, vivid indications of having participated in a battle of long dura tion. The smoke and tire wit!) which he was surrounded have given him a brown complexion, and the fatigue and responsibili ty of his military position appears to have carved many lines in his face, not presented in the current portraits of him recently taken. He was hoarse, and, when approached by several gentlemen who wcut on board to greet him, he seemed too over-worn to ans wer the anxious questions which were put to him on all sides. Lieut. Hall and sonic of tbe officers also presented the appearance of having been engaged in a fierce cannonade, j and some of them were too much fatigued to speak. The countenances of the troops also told plainly of the action in which they had ex hibited so much continuous bravery. Stouter teas not Rcinjorced. The troops on board the Baltic numbered sixty men, and the officers authoritively de clare that the fort, on no occasion, had been reinforced, as was erreoneously stated in a New York journal. Salutes in honor of Major Anderson. When the Baltic had arived opposite Fort Diamond and Hamilton, salutes were fired in honor of Major Anderson. Several guns were also discharged from Staten Island. The Island steamer Southfield stopped her engines opposite Quarantine, when the pas .sengers sent up cheer after cheer in honor of Major Anderson. Those on hoard the Birkbeck also made similar demonstrations—all of which Major Anderson acknowledged. The steamer Birkbeck came alongside the Baltic, when opposite the Health office, and Maj or Anderson wcut on board of her and j was carried to Whitehall landing. As the Commandant left the larger steam er, the troops and all on board scut up en thusiastic cheers. The Brevoort House. In anticipation of the arrival of Major Anderson, the Brevoort House, where Mrs. Anderson is staying, displayed its bunting in the most patriotic manner. Flags were fly ing from the roof and windows while the main entrance on Fifth avenue was dressed with the American colors. The houses opposite the Hotel were thronged with people, and from several windows the “ Stars aud Stripes” flauuted in the breeze. Major Anderson reached the Brevoort House at about two o’clock, where he was met by a few gentlemen, aud cordially re ceived. Thanking them for the compliments they had seen fit to pay him, he retired to his own apartments, where lie met his wife. Os the meeting, which of course was private, nothing can he said—in fact, nothing need be said. No doubt the noble lady was more than happy to welcome the return of one whose fate, a week since, seemed sealed. Tiie public appeared to be entirely una ware of the place to which Major Anderson had been taken, until after his arrival, when the news rapidly spread that he was quartered at the Brevort. In a few minutes, quite a throng collected, aud from a thousand throats there went up repeated cheers for the hero of Fort Sumter. The Fith Regiment, Jefferson Guards, being out upon their annual parade to cele brate Jefferson’s birthday, heard of the loca tion of Major Anderson, and the Colonel de termined to pay him the honor of a march ing salute. At half-past two o’clock the re giment reached the hotel, the crowd of peo ple having increased in number to several thousands. The excitement and enthusiasm were immense, and when the recipient of the ovation made his appearance upon the balcony, tremendous cheers filled the air, hats and handkerchiefs were waved uutil it seemed as though the assemblage were go ing frantic. The people most signally re buked the attempts of those parties who have doubted the loyalty, courage and patriotism of the gray haired defender of Fort Sumter. For a moment the Major stood erect, apd giving the crowd a glance, removed his cap; then replacing it he gave the military salute, which was responded to by another outburst of enthusiasm. The regiment, nt this time turned the cor ner and marched in front of the Hotel, salu ting as they passed. Their appearance was very fine, and Major Anderson expressed to those around him his gratification at the compliment paid him. After the last company had passed, he turned towards the window for the purpose >f re-entering the parlor, when another shout from the crowd, and “ three more cheers for Maj or Anderson” compelled him to once more how his thanks. He then withdrew; but the assemblage kept up their cheering for some time after wards, aud then dispersed in an orderly manner. ‘l'he Major afterwards received a few friends in the parlor, some of them ladies, and then withdrew to his own apartments. It was generally remarked that he had a careworn, anxious look, and some intimate that he bitterly feels the doubts that have been raised regarding his loyalty to the flag an l Government, whose honor and dignity he has so nobly vindicated. Statement of ('apt. Doubteday . Capt. Doubleday says that the demand to surrender Fort Sumter was made on the 11th, but was refused, not only by Major Ander son, hut by the unanimous voice of the com mand. On Friday morning, at 3 o’clock, the re bels sent word that the fire would be opened in an hour. At 4 o’clock the fire opened on 1 us from every direction, including a hidden battery’. The fire opened with a volly from seventeen mortars firing ten inch shells, and shot from thirty-three guns, mostly Oolum biads. We took breakfast very leisurely. The command was divided into three watches, each under the direction of two officers. — After breakfast, they immediately went to the guns and opened lire on Fort Moultrie, Cummings’ IViint, and Sullivan’s Island Iron Battery. Cummings’ Point Battery was of immense strength, anil most of our shot glanced off. Major Anderson refused to al low the men to turn the guns on the parapet, on account of such a terrific lire being direc ted there. There was scarcely a room in Fort Moul trie left in a habitable condition, and several shots went through the Floating Battery, but it was but, little damaged. Two guns on the Tron Battery were dismounted. A man was stationed, who cried shot or shell when the rebels fired and the garrison was thus ena bled to dodge. At first the workmen were reluctant to help to work the guns, but. afterwards served most willingly and effectually against (lie Iron Battery. The barracks caught fire sev eral times on Friday, but were extinguished by the efforts of Mr. Hart, of New York, and Mr. Lyman, of Baltimore, both volunteers. On Saturday, the officers’ quarters caught fire from a shell. The main gates were burnt, and the magazine was actually sur rounded by lire, and ninety barrels of powder, which had been taken out, were thrown into the sea. When the magazine was encircled by’ fire, all our materials were cut off’, and wc had eaten our last biscuit two days be fore. The men had to lay on the ground j with wet handkerchiefs on their faces to pre vent smothering and a favorable eddy of wind was all that saved our lives. Our cartridge bags gave out, and five men were employed to manufacture them out of our shirts, sheets, blankets, Ac. It will take half a million dollars to repair Fort Sumter’s interior.— Most of their shot were aimed at our flag. The following was the conversation that passed between Major Anderson and ex-Sen ator Wigfall. The latter said. Gen. Beauregard wishes to stop this, sir. Major Anderson only replied “Well, well.” Wigfall—You’ve done all that can be done, and Gen. Beauregard wishes to know upon what terms you will evacuate ? Maj. Anderson—Gen. Beauregard is al ready acquainted with the terms. Wigfall—Do I understand you will evac uate ou the terms proposed. Maj. Anderson—“ Yes, and only those.” Wigfall then returned. Ten minutes af ter Col. Chcsnut and others came from Gen eral Beauregard asking if Major Anderson wanted any help, stating that \V igfall had not seen Gen. Beauregard for two days, and had no authority for his demand on Major Anderson, to which the Major replied— “Then we have been sold. We will raise our flag again.” But they requested him to keep it down until communication could be had with General Beauregard. The tir ing then ceased, and three hours after an other deputation came, agreeing to the terms previously decided upon. Fort Stun ter had not been reinforced on any occasion. The steamer Baltic arrived off Chaaleston on the morning of Friday, after the firing on Sumter had commenced. The steamers I‘awnee and Pocahontas arriv ed yesterday. The Powhattan and the: transport steamer Atlantic have not yet been ■ seen ; and the steam tugs, also, have not yet been seen. During the while that the fleet lay off Charleston a heavy gale was blowing. The day Major Anderson evacuated, prep aration to reinforce him had been made for an attempt that night. A schooner was! seized, and an agreement made to pay the pilot and captain 8500 to put men into the fort, but the fort was evacuated before an attempt could be made. Captain Fox had instructions to attempt to provision tho fort without troops. If fired on, he was to rush in as best he could. But tbe gale prevented the arrival of the tugs and transport. The Harriet Lane is soon expected to ar rive. The Pawnee has gone to Washington. Among the many incidents of the battle is that of Mr. Hart, a volunteer, who, when the flag was shot down and the rebel lire w’as concentrated on the flag-staff, gallantly nailed the Stars and Stripes to (he mast amid a deadly lire, the heroic act being greeted by the cheers of the United States troops. CORREBPONDENCE BETWEEN MR SEWARD AND THE CONFEDERATE STATES THE GAGE OF WAR TIIR O WN D O WN AND A CCEPTED. The following is the correspondence be tween the Secretary of State and the Cora -1 missioned for the Confederate States; Messrs. Farst/fh and Cravfnrrl so Mr. Sen ord f opening Negotiations and statiia the case. Washington City, ) March 12, 1801. f II m. ir?. 11. Seacard, Secretary of Slat* of United States —Sir : The undersigned have been duly accredited by the Govern ment of the Confederate States of America ns commissioners to the Government of the United States, and in pur-uance of their in structions have now the honor to acquaint you with that fact, and to make known, through you, to the President of the United States, the object of their presence iu this capital. Sovjii States of the late Federal Union having in the exercise of the inherent right of every free people to change or reform their political institutions, aud through Gmi ventious of their people, withdrawn from tho United States, and re-assumed the at tributes of sovereign power delegated toil, have formed a Government of their own.— ‘l’lie Confederate States constitutes an inde pendent nation defacto and de jure , and possess a Government perfect in all its parts and endowed with all the means of self-sup port. With a view to a speedy adjustment of ail questions growing out of this political separation, upon such terms of amity and good will as the respective interests, geo graphical contiguity and future welfare of tbe two nations may render necessary, the undersigned are instructed to make to the government of the United States overtures for the opening of negotiations, assuring the government of the United States that tho President, Congress, and the people of the Confederate States, earnestly desire a peace ful solution ts these great questions; that it is neither their interest nor their wish to make any demand which is not founded in strictest justice, nor any act to injure 1 their late confederates. The undersigned have now the honor, in obedience to the instructions of their gov ernment, to request you to appoint as early a day as possible in order that they may ‘ present to the President of the United States t lie credentials winch they hear and the ob jects of tiie mission with which they arc charged. Wo arc, very respectfully, vour obedient servants, John Forsytii, Martin J. Crawford. The Reply of Mr. Seward. [Memorandum.] Department ok State, ) Washington, March 15, 18G1. j Mr. John Forsyth, of the State of Ala bama, and Mr. Martin J. Crawford, of the State of Georgia, on the 11th inst., through the kind offices of a distinguished Senator, submitted to the Secretary of State their desire for an unofficial interview. This re quest was, on the 12th inst., upon exclusive ly public considerations, respectfully de clined. On the I.3th instant, while the Secretary was pre-occupied, Mr. A. D. Banks, of Vir ginia, called at this Department, and was received by the Assistant Secretary, to whom he delivered a sealed communication, which he bad been charged by Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford to present to the Secretary in person. In that communication Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford informed the Secretary of State that they have beeu duly accredited by the Government of the Confederate States of America as Commissioners to the Government of the United States, and they set forth the objects of their attendance at Washington. They observe that seven States of tlie American Union, in the exer cise of a right inherent in every free people, have withdrawn, through Conventions of their people, from the United State-, re-j assumed the attributes of sovereign power, aud formed a Government of their own, and that those Confederate States now constitute an independent nation de facto aud dejure, and possess a Government perfect in all its parts, and fully endowed with all the means of self-support. Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford, in tlieir aforesaid communication, thereupon proceed ed to inform the Secretary that, with a view to a speedy adjustment of all questions growing out of the political separation thus assumed, upon such terms of amity and good Will as the respective interests, geo graphical contiguity and the future welfare, of the supposed two nations might render necessary, they arc instructed to make to! the Government of the United States over-! tupcs for the opening of negotiations, assur ing this Government that the President, Congress and people of the Confederate States earnestly desire a peaceful solution of these great questions, atid that it is neith er their interest nor their wish to make any demand which is not founded in strictest justice, nor to do any act to injure their late confederates. After making these statements, Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford close their communi cation, as they say, in obedience to the in structions of their Government, by request ing the Secretary of State to appoint as early a day as possible, in order that the)’ may present to the President of the United States the credentials which they bear and the ob jects of the mission with which they are charged. The Secretary of State frankly confesses that he understands the events which have recently occurred, and the condition of po litical affairs which actually exists in the part of the Union to which his attention has thus been directed, very differently from the aspect in which they are presented by Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford. He sees in them, not a rightful and accomplished revo lution and an independent nation with an es tablished governniOLt, but rather a perver sion of a temporary and partizan excitement to the inconsiderate purposes of an unjusti fiable and unconstitutional aggression upon the rights and authority vested iu the Fed eral Government, and hitherto benignly exorcised, as from tlieir very nature they always must be so exercised, for the main tenance of the Union, the preservation of liberty, and the security, peace, welfare, happiness and aggrandizement of the Amer ican people. The Secretary of State, there fore, avows to Messrs Forsyth and Crawford that he looks patiently but confidently for the core of evils which have resulted from proceedings so unnecessary, so unwise, so un usual, and so unnatural, not to say irregular negotiations, having iu view new’and untried relations with agencies unknown to and act ing in derogation of the Constitution and laws, but to regular and considerate action! of the people quho§o States in with tlieir brethren in tbe other States, through the Congress of the United States, and such extraordinary Conventions, if there shall be need thereof, as the Federal Consti tution contemplates and authorizes to be assembled It is, however, the purpose of the Secre tary of State on this occasion riot to invite or engage in any discussion of these sub jects, but simply to set forth bis reasons for declining to comply with the request of Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford. On the 4th ot March inst, the then new ly elected President of the United States, in view of all the facts bearing on the ques tion, assumed the executive administration of the government, first delivering, in accord ance with an early aud honored custom, an inaugural address to the people of the Unit ed States. The Secretary of State respect fully submits a copy of this address to Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford. A simple reference to it will he sufficient to satisfy those gentlemen that the Secreta ry of State, guided by the principles therein announced, is prevented altogether from admitting or assuming that the States refer red to by them have, in law or in fact, with drawn from the Federal Union, or that they could do so in the manner described bv Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford, or in any other manner than with the consent and con cert of the people of the United States, to be given through a National Convention to be assembled in conformity with the provis ions of the Constitution of the United States. Os course the Secretary of State cannot act upon the assumption or in any way admit that the- so-called Confederate States consti tute a foreign power, with whom diplomatic relations ought to be established. Under these circumstances the Secretary of State, whose official duties are confine!, subject to the direction of the President, to the conducting of the foreign relations of the country, and do not at all embrace do mestic questions, or questions arising be tween the several States and the Federal Government, is unable to comply with the request of Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford, to appoint a day on which they may present the evidences of their authority and the ob jeets of tlieir visits to the IVesidont of the United States. On the contrary, lie is ob liged to state to Messrs. Forsyth and Craw ford that he has no authority, nor is he at liberty to recognize them as diplomatic agents, or hold correspondence or other com munication with them. Finally, tho Secretary of State would ob serve that although he lias supposed that he might safely, and with propriety have adopt ed those conclusions without making any reference of the subject to the Executive, yet so strong has been his desire to practice entire directness and to act in a spirit of perfect respect and candor toward Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford, and that portion of the Union in whose name they present themselves before him, that he has cheer fully submitted this paper to the President who coincides generally in the view it ex presses, and sanctions the Secretary’s decis ion declining official intercourse with Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford. April 8, 1861. The foregoing memorandum was filed in this Department on the loth of March last. A delivery of the same, however, te Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford was delayed, as was understood, w’ith their eonsent. They have now, through their Secretary, communicated their desire fora definitive disposition of the subject. The Secretary of State therefore directs that a duly verified copy of the paper be now delivered. A true copy of the original, delivered to me by Mr. F. W, Seward, Assistant Secre tary of State of the United States, ou April 8, ISGI, at 2.15 P. M., in blank envelope. Attest, J. T. PICKETT, Secy, to the Commissioners. The Commissioners in reply to Mr. Seward, accusing the Government of Deception, and accepting a solution by the Sword. Washington, April 0, 1801. lion. Wm. 11. Sacard , Secretary of State of the United Spates, Washington :—The “memorandum,” dated Department of State, Washington, March 15, 1861, with post script under date of Bfcli inst, has been re ceived through the hands of Mr. J. T. Pick ett, Secretary to this Commission, who bv the instructions of the undersigned, called for it on yesterday at the Department. In that memorandum you correctly state the purport of the official note addressed to you by the undersigned on the 12th ult.— Without repeating the contents of the note in full, it is enough to say here that its ob ject was to invite the Government of the United States to a friendly consideration of the relations between the United States aud the seven States lately of the Federal Union, but now separated from it by the sovereign will of their people, growing out of the preg nant and undeniable fact that those people have rejected the authority of the United States, and established a Government of their own. These relations had to be friend ly or hostile. The people of the old and new Governments, occupying contiguous ter ritories, had to stand to each other in the re lation of good neighbors, each seeking their happiness and pursuing their national desti nies in their own way, without interference with the other, or they had to be rival and hostile nations. The Government of the Confederate States bad no hesitation in electing its choice iu this alternative.— Frankly and unreservedly seekiug the good of the people who had entrusted them with power, in the spirit of humanity, of the Christian civilization of the age, and of that Americanism which regards the true welfare and happiness of the people, the Govern ment of the Confederate States, among its first acts commissioned the undersigned to approach the Government of the l nited States with the olive branch of peaee, and to offer to adjust the questions pending be tween them in the only way to be justified by the consciences and common sense of good men who had nothing but the welfare of the people of the two Confederacies at heart. Your Government has not chosen to meet the undersigued iu the conciliatory and peaceful spirit in which they are commis sioned. Persistently wedded to those fatal theories of construction of the Federal Con stitution always rejected by the statesmen of the South, and adhered to by those of the Administration school, until they have pro duced their natural and often predicted re sult of the destruction of the Union, under which we might have continued to live hap pily and gloriously together had tho spirit ofths Aficestry who frrnul tte wrao% VOLUME XXXIX—NO. (i. nstitution animated the hearts of all their n 3 n u now, with a persistence untaught Jn ; 11r “ lir cd by the ruiu which has been ■vi.nig i u- as* to recognize the great fact pus-nr.. o you ot a completed and sudeess rul revolution; yon close your eyes to the existence of tne Go yernmeut fannied m>on it, and ignore the high duties of moderation and humanity which attach to you in deal ing with this great fact. Had you met these issues with the frankness and manli ness with which the undersigned were in structed to present them to you and treat j them, the undersigned had not now the mel ancholy duty to return home and tell their Govern meat and their country men that their earnest and cease legs elhuts in behalf <i’ f>eace have been futile, and that the Gov ernment of the United States meant to sub jugate them by force of arms. V* hateyer may be the result, impartial history will record the innocence of the gov ernment. of the Confederate States, and pTaee the responsibility of the blood and mourn ing that may ensue upon those who have denied the great fundamental doctrine of American liberty, that, “governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed,” and who have set naval and laud armaments in motion to subject the people of one portion of this land to the will of another portion. That that can nev er bo done while a freeman survives in the Confederate States to wield a weapon, the undersigned appeal to past history to piove. These military demonstrations against the people of the seceded States arc certainly tar from being in keeping and consistency with the theory of the Secretary of State, maintained in his memorandum, that these States are still component parts of the late American 1 nion, as the undersigned are not jaware of any constitutional power in the President of the United States to levy war, without the consent of Congress, upon a foreign people, much less upon any portion of the people of the United States/ The undersigned, Hke the Secretary of have no purpose to *‘jn vito or engage j discussion ’of the subject on which their l two governments arc so irreconciia)>ly at name. It is this variance that has broken up the ohl Union, the disintegration of which has only begun. It is proper, how* ever, to advise you that it were well to dis miss the hopes you seem to entertain that by any of the modes indicated, the people ot the Confederate States will ever be brought to submit to the authority of the government of the Cnited States. You are dealing with delusions, too, when you seek to separate our people from our government, and to charactize the deliberate, sovereign act of that people as a “perversion of a tem porary and partizan excitement. 1 ’ Ts you cherish these dreams you will be awakened from them and find them as unreal and un substantial as others in which you have re cently indulged. The undersigned would omit the performance of art oviousduty were we to fail to make known to the government of the United States that, the people of the Confederate States have declared their inde pendence with a full knowledge of all the responsibilities of that, act, and with as firm a determination to maintain it by all the means with which nature has endowed them as that which sustained their fathers when they threw off the authority of the British crown. The undersigned clearly understand that you have declined to appoint a day to ena ble them to lav the objects of the mission with which they are charged before the Pres ident of the United States, because so to do would be to recognize the independence and separate nationality of the Confederate States. This is the vein of thought that pervades the memorandum before us. The truth of history requires that it should distinctly ap pear upon the record that the undersigned did not ask the government of the United States to recognise the independence of the Confederate States. They only ask audi ence to adjust, in a spirit of amity and jHjaee, the new relations, springing from a manifest and accomplished revolution in the government of the late Federal Union.— Your refusal to entertain these overtures for a peaceful solution, the active naval and military preparations of this government, ami a formal notice to the commanding gen eral of the Confederate forces in the harbor of Charleston that the President intends to provision Fort Sumter by forcible means, if necessary, are viewed by the undersigned, and can only be received by the world as a declaration of war against the Confederate States; for the President of the United States knows that Fort Sumter cannot be provisioned without the effusion of blood.— The uadersigued iu behalf of their govern ment and people, accept the gage of battle thus thrown down to them; and, appealing to (Jod and the judgment of mankind for the righteousness of their cause, the people of the Confederate States will defend their liberties to the last against this flagrant and open attempt at their subjugation to sec tional power. The communication cannot be properly closed without adverting to the date of your memorandum. The official note of the un dersigned, of the 12th March, was delivered to the Assistant Secretary of State on the 13th of that month, the gentleman who de livered it informing him that the Secretary >f this Commission would call at 12 o’clock, noon, on the next day, for an answer. At the appointed hour Mr. Pickett did call, and was iuformed by the Assistant Secretary of State that the engagements of the Secretary of State had prevented him from giving the note bis attention. The Assistant Secretary if State then asked for the address of Messrs. Crawford and Forsyth, the members of the Commission then present in this city, took note of the address on a card, and engaged to send whatever reply might, be made, to their lodgings. Why this w T as not done it is proper should be here explained. The memorandum is dated March 1% and was not delivered until April 8. Mby was it withheld during the intervening twenty three days? In the postscript of your memorandum, you say it was delivered, as was understood, with the:r (Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford’s) consent. This is true ; but it is also true that on the loth of March Messrs. Forsyth and Crawford were assured by a person occupy ing a high official position in the govern ment, and who, as they believed, was speak ing by authority, that Fort Sumter would be evacuated within a very few days, and that no measure changing the existing status prejudicially to the Confederate States, as respects Fort Pickens was then contemplat ed, and these assurances were subsequently rotated, with th* wj