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Georgia Journal aith AXzmzmtx.
JJY S. liOSK & CO.
f Journal k Messenger
every vVe-lnesJay morning at $2 50 per ann ato
l* ' e.. i < at lire n gaiar charge ivili he use Dollar
tl , ,( oi.iv iICSDRUO WOKIH OK I EIVJ, tor the first i tia.: i
iiie r« Ct o - for e tch subsequent insertion. Aij
not specified as to time, will be published
. t 4iil charged necordindy. a liberal discount
* .| to those who advertise by the year.
iSI of over tkn links, will be charged at
./Oiual rate*.
.ir.o i of candidates for olfiee, to he paid for at
•a! rates, when inserted.
,i .irangetncnU made with county olbcers, Drug
, , ii.,neers, Merchants, and others, who may wish to
' ti- limited contracts.
r i.csa and Negroes, by Executors, Administrators
tail l'Sfis, are required by law to be advertised in a
I rl d*y» previous to the day of sti«
sales must be held on the first Tuesday in tiie month,
• " a the hours of ten in the forenoon and three in the
»tthe Court bouse in the county in which the
~ ,-rty is situated.
, r r Prp iNAi Property must be advertised in like!
ii ,uner, forty day*.
' ; , Debt'in- and Oreditokb of an Estate must be
Lubtlibed forty day*.
K . ~ tiiat application will be made to the Ordinary for
! , sell LmJ and Negroes, must be published weekly for
t<vo month*-
, ; , /if Letters of Administrations, thirty days ; for
/ ■ .raiHion from Administ>atlon, monthly, six months ; for
■ v , ~; Jo n froiii (guardianship, weekly, forty days.
run FoßSC'.oawio of Mortgaoe, monthly, four
~J th s far establishing lost papers, for the full 3pace of
f,i\ ii,..miis; for compelling titles from executors or ad
a.tratoiwhere a bond has been given by the deceased,
me full space of three in >nths.
jiT Letters addressed to 3. RO9F. & CO.
amt Men.
Pk.'iFiiHioNAL and IlcsiNKds oard3 will be inserted under
[Ms heal, at the following rates, viz :
Fir Three lines, per annum, $ 5 60
11 Seven lines, do 10 00
“ Ten lines, do 12 00
“ Twelve lines, do 15 00
No ad vertlsements of this class will be admitted, unles*
aid for in advance, nor for a less term than twelve months-
Iverllsements of over twelve lines will be charged pro rata-
Advertisements not paid for in advance will be charged at
I ie regular rates.
Kfci< .li 7a h m eeti nos
OF MASON'S, KNIGHT TEMPLARS, ODD FEL
LOWS AND SONS OF TEMPERANCE,
HKI.fl IN TflK CITY OF MACON.
MASONS.
Orand Lodge of Georgia for 1860, October 81st.
M ,iq Lodge, No. 5, first and third Monday nights in each
month.
Cimsuntine Chapter, No. 4, second Monday night in each
month.
Washington Council, No. 6, fourth Monday night in each
uinuth.
St Omer'.-. Knc.irnpment. Knights Templar, No. 2, Meetings
every first Tuesday night in each month.
ODD FELLOWS.
Grand Lodge, first Wednesday in June.
Grand Encampment, Tuesday previous.
Y.auklln Lodge, No. 2, every Thursday evening.
United brothers, No. 5, every Tuesday evening,
jja on Union Encampment, No. 2, second and fourth Mon
day evenings in each month.
SONS OF TEMPERANCE.
(ir.tnd Division, fourth Wednesday in October, annually.
PROFESSIONAL l ARDS,
LAMIER A AADEKSOX,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
MACON, (M.
IJRACTIO® in the Counties of the Macon Circuit, and in
the Counties of Sumter, Monroe and Jones; also in the
federal Courts at Savannah.
[apr 21 ’SB-ly]
i « LVERHOCJSB A ANSLKV,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
KNOXVILLE AND FORT VALLEY, GA.
6. P. CULVEKHOU3E, . F. A. AN3LEY,
Knoxville, Ga. Fort Valley, Ga.
9 t ,-'GO-ly
Ki. IV. WHITTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MACON, GEORGIA.
:FFIUF: next to CONCERT HALL,over Payne’s Drug Store
i&c.6, [4l-ly.] ,
THOMAS B. CABAKIBB,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
dP’orfeiytli, Gra.
\VTll.fi attend promptly to all business entrusted to his
» care in the Countiesof Monroe,Bibb, Butts, Crawtord,
nes, Pike, Spalding and Upson. l_uiay 12 ’sß]
■tLUOVA 1..
BUI 1.1. Ins removed his Law Otlleeto Cherry street
. up stairs of building next below B. A. Wise’s furnish
lag store. He will attend the Courts as heretofore.
Macon, Oct. 1, 1861. oct ts-ts
OPPOSITE LANIER HOUSE,
MACON.
SILK DRESS IIATS $2.75 TO $3.00.
The Commercial Straw is ea3y, SI.OO
“ Senate is not bad,
“ Planter’s Hat i3 very
“ English is Finest.
WOOL HATS, CWLDKEiW STRAWS.
june 20 C. 13. STONE it BKO.
M UON SEEI) STORE.
LVNDRETII’S fresh garden seeds.—w. s.
ELLIS lias just received a large supply of
GARDEN SEEDS,
From Landreth’s, warranted genuine, for sale at the lowest
prices, wholesale and retail.
Also, a general assortment of
DRUGS AND MEDICINES.
Macon, Ga., Jan. IC, ts W. 8. ELLIS.
' !
Will: mat A. WILSON’S Sewing Machines
at standard prices ; anew and fine lot just opened
and for sale by E. J. JOHNSTON & CO .
r»url4 Second Floor.
Corn and Rectified Whiskey
7(lfl R BLS. Whiskey, consisting of “ Ward & Carey’
* Extra Rectified, Kentucky ifure White,*’Ten
•'saeeCom,”Georgia Planters,” “Pike’s Magnolia,’’and
her Brands, all received direct from the Distillers, and
9 B,ll « bj MOOALLIE * JQfli’B.
ttttr 1
3
TRY ONE OF OUR
New Black I’ocket Hats.
Buy one NEW STYLE
BROAD BRIM.
The X ZOUAVE
E LACK TRIMMED
Will BROOME you!
So will the
MAROO INI
And the
Ex. Nat. Nutria.
So will the LIGHT BLACK
BROAD ROUND
SOFT IIATS.
BUSINESS CARM.
RoS. Ha RIMMAK r Sg. o. 0. 3PARIH
HARt}Kv bh A N A SPARKS,
WARE-HOUSE
and
Commission Merchants.
Adtfd MAOON, GA ,
WILL give prompt attention to the selling and stoili.g
of Cotton, and to the filling of orders for plantation
and family supplies. With many years experience and
with their best efforts to serve their friends, they hope to
have a continuance of the liberal patronage heretofore
extended to them Liberal advances mad-- when required.
August 15th 1860. (ly.)
COATES & WOOLFOUC,
m COTTON FACTORS. §y£
Ware House on Third street.
WILL continue to give prompt attention to business
entrusted to their care. Advances made on Cotton
In Store. Sept. 25, 1861—ts
JOHN SCHOFIELD, JOSHCA SCHOFiEED
fecTiofield. & Bro.,
FOUNDERS AND MACHINISTS
MACON, GEORGIA.
WE are prepared to Manufacture Steam Engines,
CIRCULAR SAW MILLS, MILL and GIN GEAR
ING, SUGAR MILLS,
BRASS AND IRON CASTINGS
Os eviry description IKON RAILING und VEli-
A N UAHS. Having the most complete assortment of
Iron Railing in the State, which for elegance, neatness, du
rability and design, cannot be surpassed, and are suitable
ior the fronts of Dwellings, Cemetery L- ta, Public Squares,
Church Fences and Balconies.
Persons desirous of purchasing Railings will do well to
give a call, as we are determined to offer as good bargains
as any Northern Establishment.
JSJ*” Specimens of our Work can be seen at Rose Hill
Cemetery, and at various private residences in this city,
jan 1-18G1
LI {O N "WOIUvS,
WACOM, 01.0R4j.1A.
T. C. TV I 8 1J ET,
HAVNIG removed his FOUNDRY AND MACHINE
WORKS to the line of the Rail Road near the Macon
& Western Shops, he is now prepared to manufacture alt
kinds of
MACHINERY AND CASTINGS,
ALSO
Steam Engines & Boilers,
On terms as favorable as any Establishment either North or
South. (mar 18) T. C. NISBET.
D. C. HODGKINS &. SON,
DEALERS IS AND MANIJFACTERERS OF
Gar XT 3NT & ,
RIFLES,
PISTOLB,
FISHING^
And Sporting Apparatus*/?
or EVERY DESCRIPTION,
AFKW DOORS BKLOWTHk'^I
Lanier House,
Jan. 1, 1860. tf_
F. H. BURG HARD,
WATCHMAKER, JEWELLER, AND DEALER IN PANCY
WARES, DIAMONDS AND PRECIOUS STONES, IN
GENERAL, ARTICLES OF VERTU, AND MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS, CUTLERY, FINEST IMPORT
ED ANI) AMERICAN WATCHES, TIME
PIECES, CLOCKS, CHRONOMETERS,
CHIROURAPHIC IMPLEMENTS,
Ac., Ac.,
Cherry St., Macon, Second door be low the Telegraph
Printing House.
f|III AN KFI L for past favors .reminds faiSL
J. the public that all the most fashionable,
elegant and desirable goods in this line will *t|BK
continue to be found at this elegant stand . "»3*\
in the greatest variety.
No trouble to show Goods. feb 29-’6oy
NEW FIRM 7
L. P. STRONG & SONS.
J‘ EWIS P. STRONG ten-
J ders his grateful thanks
or the liberal patronage /x
tended to him for thel&st
wenty seven years, and re- - .Aw
he
EDGAR" P 9 STRONG 9 and
FORRESTER W. STRONG,
under the name, firm and
style of L. P. STRONG A
SONS, and will continue to
keep on hand and offer, a large and select assortment of
Boots Shoes and Leather
of all kinds, and Findings for Country manufacturers. He
respectfully asks for the new firm, a continuance o: the lib
eral favor extended to the old.
Macon, January 2,1860. 41-y
GRANITE HALL.
IWOFLD respectfully Inform my OLD FRIEXDS.and
PATRONS, that since the fire, I have obtained the Rooms
in the building NEXT ABOVE the “Granite Hall,” and over
the store of R. P. McEvoy and Messrs. Bostick A Lamar,
where I have opened, and will be pleased to see my friends
and customers, and will do my best for their comfort and
pleasure. Very Respectfully,
may 1 BENJ. P. DENSE.
IJROViTNT'S HOTEL,
Opposite the Passenger House, Macon, Ga.
By E. E. BRO WN &SO N.
MEAI.S ready ou the arrival of every Train. The
Proprietors will spare no pains to make their guests
comfortable. feb 22 4S-’6O-y
THE STUBBLEFIELD HOUSE
“ Like the Phoenix from its Ashes.”
That large, new and elegant House, recently erected
on the ruins of my old establishment, Mulberry street,
Macon, Ga., is now open for the reception and accommda
tl‘~l of Boarders and transient guests.
he House has been newly furnished throughout, in the
est manner, and the Proprietor will endeavor to make it a
first class hotel.
™ I .!LI! tU .V iO £ is 'N&IMe, a little below the Methodist and
Pres 6.vteria.n Church, and near the Banks and
places of business.
Connected with the House is a large
Livery and Sale Stable,
where Drovers and others can find accommodations for
their stock.
The patronage of his old friends and of the traveling
public generally, is respectfully solicited,
nov 5-ts M. STUBBLEFIELD.
Washington Hall
IS STILL OPEN TO THE PUBLIC.
SASSEENE, Proprietor.
MACON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY, JULY IC, 1862.
From the Richmond Examiner.
The Position of HfcClellau.
It is believed that that portion of the eoe
Uij s torces which are desenbed as iu colu
muoicatioii with the river, aud as
taken their way towards Shirley and West
over, with long trains of wagoDS, Jtc., by Do
means composes the bulk of McClellan's
forces, and that a portion of his anry is still
detained within our line on the roads lead
ing down through Charles City county. The
original plau of cutting off the enemy’s com
munications with the river, which " was to
have been executed by a movement of
Holmes’ division between him and the nver,
was frustrated by the severe tire of the ene
my’s gunboats, and since then the situation
appears to he that of a division or dispersion
of McClellan’s forces, one portion resting on
the river, and the other unable to extricate
itself from our lines—such a situation in
which we would be likely to hear of new
dispositions being made of our forces every
day, and many confused stories of the nature
of operations.
The difficulty in obtaining precise and re
liable news from the seat of active opera
tions, besides those which ordinarily exist, is
due to the essential nature of the situation
itself, in which an immense army of the en
emy shifted his position and scattered his
forces to such an extent that even our gene
rals have been able to get hut dissolving
views iu the change of scene and uncertain
ty* of movement which have marked the
wonderful retreat of McClellan.
The skill and spirit with which McClellan
has managed to retreat are remarkable, and
afford no mean proofs of his generalship.—
At every stage of his retreat he has confront
ed our forces with a strong guard, aud has
encountered us with well organized lines of
battle, and regular dispositions of infantry,
cavalry and artillery. His heavy rifled cau
uou have been used against us constantly ou
his retreat.
THE BATTLE ON TUESDAY.
The battle of Tuesday was perhaps the
fiercest aud most sanguinary of the series of
bloody contests that have sigualized each of
the last seven days.
Early ou Tuesday morning the enemy,
from the position to which he had been driv
eu the night before, continued his retreat iu
a southeasterly direction towards his gun
boats on the James river. At eight o’clock,
a. in., Magruder recommenced the pursuit,
advancing slowly, but steadily, aud shelling
the woods and forests in front as he progress
ed. This method of advance was kept up
throughout the morning, aud until 4 o’clock,
p. m., without coming up with the enemy.
But between 4 and 5 o’clock our troops
reached a large open field a mile loDg and
threo quarters iu width, on the farm of Dr.
Carter. The enemy were discovered strong
ly entrenched iu a dense forest on the oth
er side of this field. Their artillery, num
bering fifty pieces, could be plainly seen
bristling over their freshly constructed earth
works. At 10 minutes before sp. m., Gen.
Magruder ordered bis men to charge across
the field, and drive the enemy from their
position. Gallantly they sprang to the en
counter, rushing into the field at full run.—
Instantly from the line of the enemy’s breast
works a muiderous storm of grape and can
ister was hurled into their ranks, with the
most terrible effect. Officers aud men went
down by hundreds ; but yet, uudaunted and
unwavering, our lines dashed on until two
thirds of the distance was accomplished.—
Here the carnage from the withering fire of
the enemy’s combined musketry and artil
lery was dreadful. Our line wavered a mo
ment, and fell back to the cover of the
woods. Twice again the effort to carry the
position was renewed, but each time with the
same result. Night at length, rendered a
further attempt injudicious, and the fight,
until ten o’clock, was kept up by the artil
lery of both sides. To add to the horrors,
if not to the dangers, of this battle, the ene
my’s gunboats from their position at Curl’s
Neck, two and a half miles distant, poured
on the field continuous broadsides from their
immense rilled guns. Though it is question
able, as we have suggested, whether any se
rious loss was inflicted on us by the gun
boats, the horrors of the fight were aggrava
ted by the monster shells, which tore shriek
ing through the forests, and exploded with
a concussion which seemed to shake the
solid earth itself.
It must not be inferred from the above
account that the slaughter was all on our
side. We have the best reasons to know
that the well directed fire of our cannou and
musketry, both before and subsequent to
our efforts to storm the enemy’s position, fell
with fatal effect upon his heavily massed
forces.
At 10 o’clock, p. m., the last gun was
fired from our side. Each side held the po
sition occupied when the fight began, and
during the remainder of the night each was
busily engaged removing their wounded.—
The rumble of the enemy’s ambulances and
wagons, ia rapid and hurried motion, did
not cease even with the dawn. At ten
o’clock Wednesday morning they were still
busy, and discontinued not tieir labors be
cause their wounded had been removed, but
for fear of our advance. Our wounded were
carried from the battle field directly to the
farm houses in the neighborhood, whence,
after their injuries had been examined and
dressed, they were brought to the hospitals
in this city.
During the morning the enemy evacuated
his position and retreated, still bearing in
a southeasterly direction, and apparently not
attempting tq lessen the distance between
lm Wid bis gvmboatei
The battle field, surveyed through the
;old rain of Wednesday morning, presented
■scents too t-hocking to be dwelt on without
tuguish. Ihe Wuods and field before men
tioned, were, ou the western • ide, covered
with our dead, iu ail tLc degrees of violent
mutilation ; while iu the woods on the west
dde ot the field lay, iu about equal num
bers, the blue-uniformed bodies of the Van
kee soldiers. Many of the latter were still
ahve, having been left by their friends in
tLeii iudecent haste to escape from the re
bels.
Great numbers of horses were killed on
both sides, and the sight of their disfigured
carcases, and the stench proceeding °fronj
them, added much to the loathsome Horrors
of the bloody field. The corn-fields, but re
cently turned by the ploughshare, were fur
rowed and torn by the iron missiles.—
Thousands of round shot and unexploded
shell lay on the surface of the earth.—
Among the* latter were many of the enor
mous shell thrown trom the gunboats.—
1 hey were eight inches iu width by tweuty
three inches in length.
The ravages of these monsters were every
where discernible through the forests. In
some places long avanues were cut through
the tree tops, and here aud there great trees
three and lour feet in thickness, were burst
open and split to very shreds. In one re
markable respect this battle field differed in
appearance from any of the proceeding days.
In the track of the enemy’s flight there were
no cast-away blue great coats no blankets,
tents nor clothing j uo letters and no was
ted commissary stores. He had. evidently,
before reaching this point, thrown away
everything that could retard his hasty re
treat. Nothing was to be found on this
portion of the field but killed and wounded
Yankees and their guns and knapsacks* A
mute and to Yiaginia a most interesting sto
ry, was told by these knapsacks. Upwards
qf three hundred of them blunged to the fa
mous New York Seventh llegiment, who
were once so feasted and fondled iu Rich
mond. If a remnant of them return to the
Empire City they may say with truth that,
ou Virginia soil they were appropriately wel
comed ou the occasion of both of their visits
as friends, aud as foes.
11EF0UTED REINFORCEMENT OF M’CLELLAN
ON HIS RETREAT.
There are various rumors afloat on Thurs
day and Friday that McClellan bad received
large reinforcements on his retreat, which
might assist in accounting for the spirit he
had displayed in the furious battle of Mon
day and Tuesday. We are unable to ascer
tain what truth there may be in these ru
mors; but are inclined to believe from such
information as we have that McClellan was
heavily reinforced, before the engagements
on the Chickahomiuy commenced, from the
Federal forces in other parts of Virginia,
and that the reinforcements reported to be
in the river are from the same resources.—
The Northern journals are unreserved in the
statement that the commands of Fremont,
Banks and McDowell have been consolidated
into one army, under Major-General Pope,
with a view to bring all the Federal forces
in Virginia to co-operate with McClellan on
the Richmond lines. A portion of this ar
my must have reached McClellan, probably
at an early stage of the engagements in the
vicinity of Richmond, as Geu. McCall, who
was taken prisoner by us, is known to have
commanded a division of McDowell’s troops.
There is little doubt but that we have en
gaged an army whose superiority in num
bers to us was largely increased by timely
reinforcements, and with regard to the op
erations of which the Northern Government
had omitted no conditions of success.
THE LATEST FROM THE SCENE OF OPERA
TIONS.
Thursday night we received reliable infor
mation from the neighborhood of the river
that Gen. Lee yesterday morning had sent
couriers over the whole extent of his lines
to ascertain if the enemy had made any
egress, and had carefully reconuoitered his
position, and was satisfied that his lines still
enclosed a considerable portion of McClel
lan’s forces in the densely wooded and swam
py ground in which we described him as hav
iug refuge. It is supposed that considerable
numbers of the enemy who have reached
the river have crossed it, retreating towards
Norfolk. The enemy enclosed on this side
of the river had been stripped of a great
deal of his artillery.
It was reported yesterday (Friday) that
Jackson has cut off a portion of the enemy’s
rear guard and taken several thousand pris
oners; but we can get no particulars, and
find the rumor confirmed only in the cir
cumstance that Gen. Lee sent an order to
the city for prison accommodations for ten
thousand men. The reports from the lines
yesterday are meagre ; but we are informed
of an important movement of our troops,
the publication of which is not advisable. —
There are other military topics, which were
the subject of a good deal of personal gossip
yesterday, to which we think any reference
at this time improper and injurious. It is
not probable that General Lee will fight the
enemy or make any peremptory demaud for
his capitulation until he completed the cir
cuit of movements aheady in progress.-
Yesterday the Yankee gunboats in the river
fired a national salute in honor of the day
(Fourth of July).
OUR LOSS IN KILLED AND WOUNDED..
It would be an injustice as well to our
brave soldiers whose efforts have distinguish
ed the last seveu days with such great
achievements, as to our readers, who expect
from Ua just aud iutdligeut bta&wcuu qf
the tacts, to attempt to uiuterate the ini
incite loy.s of our army in killed and wound
ed. Os course «uch au estimate as wcimiM
in:ike is founded upon uncertain calculations,
but we are we shall not exceed the
limits of facts in making it since Thursday,
June 20th, at least fifteen thousand. Al
though these figures arc terrible, we have
good reason for Mieving the loss of flu* en
emy twice as large; for it must be reuieiu
bered that, although the Confederates have
made the attack, the enemy has exposed
himselt every time in retiring, and wlieoev
tr his real lias been turned to his adversary
he has been pursued with terrible fury, and
| ,as tracked the route of his retreat with ev
idences ot the most appalling slaughter.
THK YANKEE AVOUNDED.
Since the battle of Seven Pines, when,
though throughout the day of the 31st of
May, we drove the euemy before us, occu
pying his positions one after another, but
one hundred and sixty-four of his wounded
tell into our hands, we have been convinced
that the organization of his ambulance
had been brought to a point nearly approach
ing perfection. In the bloody 'battles re
cently tought we observe the same extraor
dinary vigor aud success in the removal of
their wounded. From every field which
they have abandoned, no matter in what
haste and confusion, they have borne them
off, at least to their rear* and out of our
sight Marking the absence of 1 heir wound
ed and distinguished dead from every field,
many u! us began to entertain serious tears
that their losses were tniling compared with
our own. It remained for his repeated de
feats, which necessitated his entire abandon
ment of his positions of the past month, to
draw* aside the veil from what was becoming
a painful mystery, aud disclose to our gaze
the secret ot what became of the enemy’s
wounded. Tt was his custom to hurry
them to the hospitals iu the rear, from vyhich
they were leisurely, as their condition would
permit, sent by rail to the White House.—
But since his sigual defeat at Gaines’ farm
on yesterday week and his consequent loss
of railway communication, our columns
have pressed him so hotly as to necessitate
his abandoning many of these hospitals be
fore the inmates could be removed. In this
way large numbers have fallen into our
hands. It is, doubtless, true that the ma
jority of his men wounded since Sunday nrc
either now along with bis army, or have
been sent ahead down the north bank of
James river, in the wagons which observant
persons at City Point thought were ‘‘empty,
because they made sucli rumbling noise;”
but yet, at least between six and eight thous
and have been left in tin* track of the re
treating army. The hospitals of which we
speak, dot the country at intervals of a mile
or two from Dr. Gabies’, iu Hanover, to
Curl Neck, on James river, a distance of
sixteen miles. Besides, every farm-house,
aud every barn aud stable have ln> n sought
as places of refuge by such of their wound
ed as were able to walk or crawl ’
THE YANKEE DEAD.
From facts which came to light on ‘die
morning succeeding the terrific battle of last
Tuesday, we feci convinced that in every
fight previously the Yankees managed to
carry off not only all of their wounded but
a large number of their dead. It will be
recollected that the severest of the battle of
Tuesday was fuught upon the adjoining
farms of Dr. Carter and Mr. Cornelius Crew.
Ou Wednesday morning, when our troops
occupied the position just vacated by the
enemy, they found in Mr. Crew’s garden a
thousand dead, as if in preparation to be*
carried off. Fear of our advance evidently
alone led to their abandonment. This re
moval of the dead, under his present desper
ate circumstances, can have but oue object:
to dishearten our men by imposing upon
them the belief that they are the greatest
sufferers in every renewal of the contest.
THE COUNTRY NEAR AND AROUND THE LATE
BATTLE-FIELD.
The section of country lying between the
Charles City road ajid James river, for a dis
tance of twenty miles below Richmond ha«,
until last Monday, been visited by the ttfoops
of neither army. Consequently, when Mc-
Clellan made his retreat, the fences and do
mestic economy of the farmers in this region
had been uninterrupted. The land is gen
erally highly fertile, and famous for its wheat
and corn crops. On Monday morning last
the flviug Yankee hordes burst into this
hitherto secluded Eden, followed by the vic
torious legions of the Confederacy. On
that morning the young corn was springing j
luxuriantly iu its lowlands, the bounteous
shocks of recently harvested wheat dotted
thickly the fields and hillsides; and large
orchards bent UDder loads of ripening fruit;
but before two suds bad set, a sad change
was put upon the face of all that country. 1
A flood of lava from some great Vesuvius
could scarcely have proved more disastrous
than the irruption of the hostile armies.—
Every fence is now ewept away; the wheat
has disappeared as if before a consuming
fire, leaving scarcely a straw; the corn is
trodden into the ground and great roads now
traverse the fields where it flourished. '1 he
gardens have been uprooted and utterly de
stroyed. The pleasant and comfortable farm
houses, so recently happy homes, are now
tilled with bleeding and suffering wounded
soldiers; and under tbeir roofs many a once
brutal invader, now broken in spirit and
body, receives Christian charity from the
hands of those he came to crush and subju
gate.
WHAT THE ENEMY IS DOING ON THE JAMES
RIVER.
[ The Petersburg Express us Saturday cou*
VOLUME XL—NO 17.
tarns the following in regard to dmi; % *
v
on the J.inics river :
A pinticiuaii who viewer! Berkelv fi in
nn elevated point i u PHnoe George, <u
I hursdav, for two hours, informs ns th .t i, .
was enabled, by the use of a strong * >
so in the scene with as much accuracy *
though he had been in the enemy’s m; Ii
He estimates the number of tents and w .
ons there at several hundred—probable i
thousand—and thinks there must be a:• »
concentrated thereof fr0m25,000 to 30,0u0
At the landings the federal* w* re unu u V
busy, and seemed to be landing and euibir
mg troops. The impression of th se who
have inspected the plain? from this side of
the river is, th it McClellan hopes to make i
stand there until he can receive reinforce
ments in sufficient numbers to enable him to
make another forward movement. Pris ti
ers state that on .Monday evening, MeCh 1-
lati addressed his troops in an animats and
strain, conjuring them “for Cod’s *ake, u. i
tin- >uke of tli. it- cotioti y and •
around which so many fund reflections elu
tered, to join in oue more last struggle to
reach out gunboats ou James river. 1 h:n >
been frustrated in all my plans against K;oh
moiul. We must cut our way to the river,
and then I shall await reinforcement' l
do not give up the hope of yet eapturii *•
Richmond.’’ Their fighting subsequenth
showed that his words were not with.wit . ’
foot, though eventually to little purpo •
A gentleman of known veracity, who
came out of Alexandria ou Tue; lay, repot; .
that large bodies of troops, estimated l»v
him to be about 20,000 men, and supposed
to have been of Shields’ command, were
moved on Saturday to Alexandria and
| Washington, from Manassas. The Potu
| mac between these two cities was filled with
transports and steamers, upon which the
troops were embarked, for the purpi e, :i
was said, of roinforcing McClellan. On
Tuesday, however, when Mr. hit
Alexandria, the Yankee reinforcements were
still before that place, which would justify
the inference that it was deemed too late to
effect any good by removing them to the
army of McClellan.
A gentleman w ho came up from a locality
opposite Berkeley last night, informs us that
the train of wagons, the tents, and the larg*
body of troops, before referred to, wcr. at
Berkeley all day yesterday (Friday). !i.*
counted nearly eighty craft, including sail
vessels, steam transports, and gunboats in
the vicinity. All was quiet ou the shore
yesterday, but about twenty minutes past 1
o’clock heavy cannonading commmenee.i in
the rear of Berkeley, and was continue and
about a half hour. It then ceased, and sub
sequently dense lolumns o’ smoke were
seen rising above the forests behind. Wheth
er from musketry or the destruction of
stores, our informant is unable to say.
The Monitor and another gunboat came
up the river yesterday afternoon and pro
cecded above City Point, both shelling th*
wuods furiously as they proceeded.
The Richmond Enquirer, of Monday,
says:
The fragment of the “Grand Army of the
Potomac” is now, with ’McClellan at 14
head, entrenching itself on James river, at
its confluence with the Chiekihominy, whor
reinforcements are being landed. This po
sition is a peculiarly one, being pint* -
ted on two sides'by the Federal gunboats,
under which they caq at any time withdraw,
should they ever find themselves venturing
out too far. Correspondents to the North
ern papers of the 4th instant speak of the
arrival of large numbers of transport lad- u
principally with provisions. Ou the 2d in
stant three hundred transports had arriv 1
at Fortress Monroe for this destination, ail,
except a few, which contained troop ;, lo ir. ;
tilled with supplies and working material.
CJOIIOII i« *lill fillip.
We are permitted to make public th<* fol
lowing important letter, says the Mob* •
AV jinter, addressed by the lion. J P. Ben
jamiu, Secretary of State, to C. O. Baylor,
Esq. ;
Confederate States of America, j
Department of State,
Richmond, Va , May IG, 1862. )
Sir—ln answer to your communication
of this morning, I have the honor to tat**
that this government has no desire to des
troy any cotton belonging to neutrals, bur,
on the contrary, is willing to extend to it
full protection while in its power; provided,
the like protection can be made effective,
when the cotton may fall into the possession
of the enemy. The past conduct of the gov
ernment of the United States, and the pas
sive attitude of neutral nations, whose rights
have been violated by the United States, have
satisfied us that if cottou belonging to neu
trals be allowed to fail into the hands of the
enemy, it will be seized and appropriated by
them regardless of neutral right.*?, and that
neutral powers will fail to aff>rd any protec
tion to the rights of their subjects wheu thus
violated.
If, however, as you suggest, any official
assurance shall be formally communicated
by the government of any ueutral nation, to
this nation, of a nature to satisfy us
that cotton belonging to the subjects of such
neutral nation shall be effectually protected
against seizure and appropriation by the
enemy, if allowed to fall into his possession,
this government will have no hesitation in
issuing instructions to refrain from the des
truction of such cotton, even when exposed
to seizure by the enemy.
I am your obedient servant,
J. P. Benjamin, See. of State.
[Cvnduded qi\> Seound