Newspaper Page Text
Journal & PfSSfnger. !
J K NOW S. HOSE,
EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.
CITY PRINTERS. I
——————————■ I
President’s Message.
To the Senate and Howe of Representatives
of the, Confederate State*:
If is again our foriuae to meet for devi*
*>mg measures necessary to the public wel
fare whiM our country is involved in a des
olating war. 'The Bufferings endured by
'Ome porrior>s of the ppople excite the deep
solicitude of the government; and the .sym
pathy thus evoked has been heightened by
•be patriotic devotion with which these suf
ferings have been borne.
The gallantry and good conduct of our
rroops, always claiming the gratitude of the
country, have been further illustrated on
hard-fought fields, marked by exhibitions of
individual prowess which can find but few
parallels in ancieo; or modern times.
Our army has. not faltered in any of rb*- •
• arious trials to which it has been subjected. ,
and the groat body of the people ha»s con- ‘
Unucd to manifest. a zeal nnd unaTtimity
which not only cheer the bat tic-stained sol
diers, Vug give assurance to the friends of
constitutional liberty of our final triumph,
:ti iiie pending >frug?te against despotic j
usurpation.
The vaat army which threatened the capi
tal of the f federaey has hecn defeated and
•triven from the lines of mve*!utenf», and the
-•’icrn;.. repeatedly foiled in his efforts for i!°
capture, is now to new nrnne°
«>n a sesdo such as modern history does not.
record, to off of that subjugation of the
Smith so often proclaimed as on the eve of
accomplishment
The perfidy which disregarded rights ee- 1
cured by compact, the madness which tram
pled on obligations made sacred by every
consideration of honor, have been intensified
by the malignity engendered by defeat
These passions have changed the character
of the hostilities waged by our ononriLs who
are becoming daily' regardful of tV
u - ige- ol civili»K*<i war and the dictates of
humaoity Rapine and wanton destruction
of private popefry, wav upon non-comba
tants, mnrder of captives, bloody threats to
avenge the death ot uo invading soldiery by
the slaughter of uuanned citizens, orders of
banishment against peaceful families en
gaged in the cultivation of the soil, are
eome of the tueans used by our ruthless in
vaders to enforce the submission of a free
people to foreign sway. Confiscation bills, ;
of a character so atrocious as to ensure, if
executed, the utter ruin of the entire pnpu- .
lation td these States are passed by their
Congress and approved by their Executive.
The moneyed obligations of the Confed
erate Government are forged by citizens of 1
the United States, and publicly advertised j
for sale in their cirie3 ? witfc a notoriety
which cuficiently attests the knowledge of
their government ; and its complicity*in the
•rime is further evinced by the fact that, the
soldiers of the invading armies are found ‘
supplied with large quantities of those forged 1
notes as a means of despoiling the country ■
people by fraud out of such portions of their j
property a* armed violence may fail to reach.
Two, at least, of the Generals of the United (
States arc engaged, unchecked by their gov- j
eminent in exciting servile insurrection, and :
•n arming and training slaves for warfare
against their master ;, citizens of the confed- |
rraev. Another has been found of instincts j
io brutal, as to invite the violence of his .sol- ]
iiery against the women of a captured city, j
Yet the rebuke of civilized man has failed
:» evoke from the authorities of the United \
States one mark of disapprobation of his :
.Ms nor is there any reason to suppose that j
rbe conduct of Benjamin F. 15 a tier has fail- •
i to :;oeure from his G overnment the pano
tion and applause with which it, is known to
have been greeted by the publie meetings
and portions of the press of the United
Spates.' To inqueriejj made of the Oomroan
dor-in-Chief of the armies of the Unite.il
States, whether the atrocious conduct of
some of tbsir military commanders mot the
-.auction of has boon
evaded on the pretext that the inquiry was
insulting; and no method remains for the
suppression of these enormities but suoh ret
ributive justice as it may ho found possible
to execute.
Retaliation in kind, f. ,r many of thorn is
impracticable, for 1 have, had occation to re
mark in a former message tha* under no ex
c°rs of provocation could our noble-hearted
defenders be dri on to wreak vengeance or.
unarmed men, on women, or on children.—
But stern and exemplary punishment can
.and must be meted Out to the tmirdorersirod
i' tlor.s, who, disgracing the prose sion of
4Tus, seek to make of public war the oeea
•m\ for the cow mission of the most mon
strous crimes. S
Deeply at* we regret, the character of the
contest into which we arc about to be forced,
we must accept it as an alternative which
recent manifestation,, give us little hope can
be avoided. .
The exasperation of failure has aroused
the worst passions of our enemies; a large
portion of their people, even of their cler
gyman, now engage iu urging an exciting
populace to the extreme of ferocity ; and
nothing remains but to vindicate our rights
uod to maintain our existence by employing
against our foe every energy and every re
source at our disposal.
1 append for your information a copy of
the pap or 3 exhibiting the action of the gov
ernment up to the present time, for the re
pression of the outrages commited on our
people. Other measures now in progress
will be submitted hereafter.
The acts passed at your last session inten
ded to secure the public defence by general
enrollment, and to render uniform the rules
governing troops in the service, have led to
some unexpected criticism that is much to
he regretted.
The efficiency of the law has been thus
somewhat impaired, through it is not be
lieved that iu any of the States the popular
mind has withheld its sanction from either
the necessity or propriety of your legislation.
It is only by harmonious as well as zealous
Action that a government so new aa our=q *
ushered into existence on the very eve of af
great war. and unprovided with the material j
necessary for conducting hostilities on so'
vast a scale, can fulfil its* duties. Upon you. i
who are fully informed of the aeu and per
poses of the government, and thoroughly
imbued with the feelings uod senteutirncDts
• of the people, must reliance be placed to se
cure this great object. You can best
devise the means for establishing that entire
co-operation of the B‘ate and Confederate
; Governments which is essential to the well
being of both at all times, but which i- now
indispensable to their very existence.
And if any legislation shall seem to you
; appropriate for adjusting differences of opin
| i*-n, it will be ra\ pleasure as web as duty
’ to co-operate in any measure that may be
J devised lor reconciling a just care for the
publie defence wit h proper deference for the
most scrupulous susceptibilities ot the State
authorities'
The report of the Secretary of the Treasu
ry will exhibit, in detail the - operations of
that department. It will be, seen with
M« fact ion tiiar the credit of the Hovern*
inert securities remains unn&ircd, and <uni
ihir credit is fully jus.ified by the compara
tively small amouu of aoennvUaud debt,
notwithstanding.the* magnitude of <<ur miii
rarv operations. *-
The legislation of the la~f session pravi
led for the purchase of supplies with the
>ond* of the Government ; but. the prefer
ence of the people for Treasury notes has
been so marked that legislation is recom
mended to authorize an increase ia the issue
vs Treasury notes, which the public service
' seems to require.
No grave inconvenience tmed bo appre
hended from thi? increased issue, os the pro
vision of law by which those no.ee are con
vertible into eight nor cent, bonds, forms an
efficient and permanent safe guard ag»msi
any serious depreciation of the currency.
Your attention is also invited to the
means proposed by the Secretary for facilita
ting the preparation of these notes, and for.
guarding them against forgery, it is due
so mu* people to sfute, tlifit the manufacture
| of counter tbit. no;«-s do not exist within our
limits, and that they are all imported from
the Northern cute.-.
The report of tbt Secretary of War which
is submitted, contains numerous suggestions
for the legislation deemed desirable, in or
der to add to the. efficiency of the service.
1 invite your favorable consideration es
pecially to those recommendations which
arc intended to secure the proper execution
of the conscript law and the consolidation
of companies, battalions and regiments,
when so reduced in strength as to impair
that uniformity of organization which is
necessary in the army, while an undue bur
then is imposed on the treasury. The ne
cessity for some legislation for controlling
military transportation on the railroads, and
improving their present defective condition,
forces itself upon the attention of the gov
ernment, and { trust you will he able to de
vise satisfactory measure** for attaining this
purpose.
1 hf* legislation nn the subject of general
officers involves the service in some difficul
ties, which are printed out by the Secretary,
aid for which the remedy suggested by him
see ms appropriate.
In connection with this subject, I am of
opinion that prudence dictates aorne provis
ion for the increase of the army in the event
of emergencies not now anticipated. The
very large increase of forces recently called
into the field by the President of the United
Si: atea, may render in necessary hereafter to
extend the provisions of the conscript law
so as to embrace persons between the ages
of thirty-five and forty-five years. The vi
gor and efficiency of our present forces,
their condition, and the skill and ability
which distinguished their leaders, inspire
she belief that no further enrollroenr. will
he accessary. But a wise fomnght requires
that, if a necessity should be suddenly de
veloped during the recess of Congress re
quiring increased forces for our defence,
means should exist for calling such forces
into fcuo field without awaiting the resam
bling of the Legislative Department of-the
Government.
In the election and appointment of officers
for the provisional r - my. it was to he antici
pated i-hac mistakes would lie made, and in
aorflpereni officers’, of all grades introduced
into the service. In the absence of experi
ence. and with no reliable guide for selec
tion, Executive appointments, as well as se
lections, have been Boroetirnei unfortunate.
The good of the service, the interests of our
country, require that some means bo devised
for withdrawing the commissions of officer
who are incompetent for the duties required
‘by their position. Audi trust von will
Hind mean-for relieving the army of such
officers by some mode more prompt and less
j wounding to their sensibility than the judg
ment of a court martial.
Within ;i recent, period .we Uav* effected
the object so long desired, of an arrange
ment for nn exchange of prisoners, which is
now being executed by delivery at the points
lgrepd upon, and which will, ir is hojied,
speedily restore our brave and unfortunate
countrymen to their places in the ranks of
the army, from which, by ihe fortunes of
war, they have been, for a time, separated.
The details of the arrangement will be com
muuieated to you in a special report, when
further progress bus been made in their exe
tion.
Os the particulars concerning the opera
ysous of the War Department, you will bo
informed by the Secretary in his report., and
t ’ be accompanying documents.
’I ho rt-porr of the Secretary of the Navy
embraces the operations and present condi
tion of this branch of the public service,
both afloat and ashore, the construction and
equipment of armed vessels, ar. home and
abroad, the manufacture, of ordnance, and
ordnauee stores, and the establishment of
workshops, and the developement of onr re
courses of coal and iron. Some legislation
seems essential for securing crews for vessels.
The difficulties now experienced on this
point are fully stated in the Secretary's re
port., and I invite your attention to provi
ding i remedy.
The report of the Post Master General
discloses the embarrassments which resulted
in the postal service from the occupation by
tbe*em?my of the river, and po?s
7
tions of the territory of the different States. *
The measures taken bv the department for
relieving those embarrassment? as far as prac
ticable are detailed in the report. It is a
subject of congratulation that during the ton
months that ended on the third of March
la?t the expenses of the Department were
largely decreased. whiLt its revenue was
augmented, compared with a correspond
ing period, ending on the thirtieth of dune,
eighteen hundred and sixty, wfciea rbe pos
tal service w r is conducted nnrfor the anthori
i ty delegated to the United States.
Sufficient time has not yet elapsed to de
termine whether tue measure:- heretofore de
vised - by* Congress will accomplish the end
: of bringing the expenditures of the Depart
ment within the limits of its own revenues
by the first of March next, as required by
the Constitution.
i ;>m hoppv to inform you that in Fpue of
blandishment* and threat - ohm ’n profusion
bv the agents of the g .\ernmcnt of the
United States, the Indian nations within the
Confederacy have remained firm in their
loyalty and steadfast in the observance oi
their treaty engagements with this govern
ment. Nor has their fidelity been shaken
by the fae; that, owing to tlk- vacancies in
some of the officqs oi the. and M^perio
rendeoto, deUv ha.- rnjeurred in (he paynpfjrt
of the annuities and nlfowapces to will*36
they are eruitled. .1 now advi>e some p4T>-
vici'-n authorizing payments to be made by
other officers in the absence of t hose ppemfu
jy charged by law with this duty.
YVe have never ceasing cause robe grate
ful for the favor with which God has pro
tected our infant Confederacy and it becomes
us recently to return our thanks and humbly
to ask of his bounteousnes? that wisdom
which is needful for the* performance of the
high trusts with which*we are charged.
Jefferson Davis.
Richmond, YU., August 18, 186 k.
How to Itrau the Pav of Dead Sol
dier*.
YYo copy the following regulations and
form from official circulars furnished to an
army officer by.authorities at Richmond.—
There are throughout the South persons who
have lost sons, husbands, or brothers in the
service, to whose arrearages of pay they are
ent i tied. These regulations make their course
perfectly plain, and obviate the necessity of
incurring any trouble or expense about the
collection:
Treasury Department, 0. S. A. Y
Second Auditor’s Office,
Richmond, June 24, 1862. )
Regulations for the 'payment of Claims
for Arrears of Pay to the deceased Soldiers.
Per Act 1 02. Approved February 15, 1862.
—The first section of the Act is as follows :
“ The Congress of the Confederate States of
America do enact, that the pay and allow
ances due to any deceased volunteer, non
eommisioned officer, musician or private, in
the army of the Confederate States, shall be
paid to the widow of the deceased, if living ;
if not to the children, if any; and in default
of widow or children, to the father, if living;
and if n or, to the mother of siieh deceased
volunteer ;” and payment will be made ac
cordingly.
Ist. If the child or children be minor,
payment will be made to the guardian, upon
the production of the propel certificate, un
der the seal of the Court.
2d. The claiming heir must produce his
or her affidavit and that of one disinterested
person, stating the relationship, and rhat there
is no other person entitled to claim. For
instance : If the claimant lie a mother, the
affidavit must state that there is living neith
er wife, child or father of the deceased ; if
the father, that there is neither child or wife;
and if the child, that there is no wife. The
magistrate administering the oath should
certify to the credibility of the witness, and
the tTerk of the Court should certify under
die seal, that he is magistrate.
6d. These regulations do not apply to com
missioned officers, except, when the amount
due does nor, exceed 00, and there is no
administration.
Claims prepared in compliance with .the
foregoing instructions, and transmitted to
this office by mail, or otherwise, will receive
| as prompt attention as the business of the
j office will allow.
W. 11.8. Taylor, Auditor,
j The form given below, it will be seen, is
j intended for the use of a widow who has lost
ian unmarried son in the service, but it re
: quires very little alterations to suit the case.
We leave the name of the State in the form,
merely to aid in the filling up of the blank
description of troops:
| Comptroller’s Office, June 24, 1862,
1 concur in and approve the above.
Lewis Crugep., Comptroller,
j State of North C uiolina, ) Before the
county, t Justice of-the
Peace, personally appeumi
aud made oaths on the Holy Ev»w>g#»lr*t fit
Almighty God, that she is the mother of
— , dec’d, late a (private) of
Oapt. 's Company, (letter)
(no.) Regiment, North Carolina Troops, and
that her said son died without leaving widow,
child or father, and she is therefore entitled
to ihe arrears of pay, et cetera , that may be
due him from the Confederate States ; and
also appeared at the same time,
witness and made oath as aforesaid that he
knows ths. said mother, and knew the son,
and the facts sworn to by her are true, and
he is disinterested therein.
L. 8.
■, L. S.
Sworn to and sub,scribed before me.
Yellow Fr.vra at Key West.— The correspon
dent of the New York Herald writes from Key
West on the Ist instant:
I regret to sar that, contrary to all my expecta
tions and hopes, the yellow fever has at last made
its appearance among J s . The Crst case occurred
in Fort Taylor, and rive deaths on shore have been
reported up to ibis writing. It has also appeared
in ihe harbor. Two cases from the -An Jacinto
have died, and three other case s are reported on
hoard of her. I also hear, much to my sorrow,
this evening, {hat Acting Volunteer Lieutenant
Rodgers, no**- commanding the steamer Huntsville,
is very ill with it. In consequence of the San Ja
eir-te being infected, she will leave to-morrow
morning for Boston.
We ran form no idea what will bs the course of
the yellow fever now here, for it appears to be of
the most fatal character,
Prom the Richmond Eunimer, August St2d. ,
.novt»i»c»»ls.
Tho movements of McClellan since Sun-,
day night last; wheu he evacuated his posi-j
tion on James river, are to us shrouded iu
much uncertainty. Ou that night his trans
ports, said to have been one hundred and
eight in number, and all supposed to have
been loaded with troops, are known to have
dropped down the river, Facts have, how
ever, come to our knowledge which favor the
the idea that these vessels carried only the
baggage and stores of the army, whilst the
arm? itself pioeeeded overland to the \ ark 1
or Famunkey.rivers.
At a late hour Sunday night, our pickets j
at Turkey island and Malvern Hill observed
the light ot numerous extensive fires, appa
rently within the enemy » encampment. At
daylight the next morning (ieneral Cobb,
with his legion, approached the enemy’s lines
and found them deserted. Immense piles
of commissary and quartermaster stores were
burning j hundreds of horses aud mules
browsed at will, and countless tents flecked
with white the tfoode aud fields. Miles of
entrenchments furrowed the face of the coun
try ; hut no cannon were there to make them
terrible, and the only thing visible in the
shape of a Yankee was a number of “ log
■Jigiire” sentinels, who had been perched on
the entrenchments to deceive distant obser- 1
vers. But a great cloud of dust, risiug in
the direction of Charles City Court House, J
indicated the path of a portion at least of
the “ Aimy of the Potomac.” Pushing on
in the direction of the Court House, our cav
alry oame in sight of the rear of the enemy’s
columns, and became aware that hi° force
was very heavy. Not being ot sufficient
strength to make an attack, our cavalry hung
upon the enemy’s rear for the purpose of
watching his movements. From personal
observations, and the reports of the country
people, our officers were induced to believe
that MpClellfcn, with the whole or the great
er pdrfrof his army, between fifty and seventy
five thousand wen, were iu front of them.
During Monday evening the enemy crossed
the Chiekahominy at Providence Forge,
burnt the bridges in his rear, and, it was
thought, took the route to New Kent Court
House.
Bting stopped from further pursuit by the
destruction of the bridges over the Chicka
liominy, our cavalry countermarched and re
turned. From some of these men who, on
their return, visited McClellan’s late encamp
ment, we have received very interesting ac
counts, which we regret our want of space
prevents us from laying before our readers.
But we must dispose of them in a few
words. Behind redoubts aud entrenchments
wjth which the Yankee works iu front of
Richmond are as mole bills, lies the desert
ed camp. The same waste aud destruction
of property that occurred at Fair Oaks aud
Savage’s, is here observable. 'While most of
the stores, wagons, <fcc., have been fired,
many thousand dollars worth, among which
were valuable medicines aud chemicals, aud
a great number of muskets, lie scattered
about uninjured. At last accounts, there
beillg no government officers on the ground
to take care of the property, numbers of free
negroes from the county were busy with
carts hauling off clothing and other valuable
plunder.
LATER.
{Since the above was in type, we have corre
into possession of some on lively reliable and
highly interesting information regarding Mc-
Clellan’s movements. At eight o’clock, yes
terday morning, the superintendent of the
York River Railroad left Richmond with an
engine, intending, owing to the uncertainty
of the enemy’s movements, to go only as far
as “ Dispatch” station. But on arriving at
this point he received a message from Colonel
Roper, commanding our cavalry in New
Kent, that he might safely proceed to the
White House, the enemy not being, or like
ly to be in the neighborhood of the road.—
Proceeding down the road, at Tuustall’s he
had an interview with Major Roper, from
whom he received satisfactory information of
the enemy’s movements. It seems that on
Monday, McClellan crossed the Chickahomi
ny info New Kent, with between ten and
fifteen (no l fifty) thousand men, and wheel
ing to the right, marched towards YVilliams
burg. Information received direct form
Williamsburg yesterday morning is to the
effect that, he was then passing through that,
town, en route for Yorktown or Fortress
Monroe.
From tbin information, upon the authen
; ticity of which we have ever reliance, we
conclude that McClellan, having on last
i Sunday night sent off bv water all of his
forces that the transports would accommo
date, determined to march the remainder to
Fortress Monroe, or some other convenient
poi&t, to meet the transports on their return
I from Federicksburg. This march he was on
j yesterday performing. Jle has by this time
}>ecia- rejoined by hi* transports, and is em
barking on them for bis final destination—
Federicksburg or Aquia creek.
To give a quietus to the rumor prevailing
here yesterday, that McClellan was debark
ing all his forces at the White House, we
will mention that the gentleman to whom
we are indebted for the above information,
yesterday morning visited that locality, re
maining several hours and returned without
seeing a Yankee, except three deserters, who
were brought in by our cavalry, whom he
brought with him to this city.
Salt Mine. —We have been shown a fine
specimen of salt blown from a salt mine re
cently discovered within the confines of the
Confederacy. The exact location we will
not mention for prudential reasons. This
salt, in appearance, very much resembles
clear crystal rock or white rock candy.—
Wliea it is .pulverised we dare say it. is far
superior to any salt ever yet made. The
mine is forty feet above tide water, in a
valley surrounded by hills of from 80 to
100 feet above tide water. It. extends six
teen feet below the surface, eight feet six
inches is the depth yet drilled into the rock.
Fifteen barrels, 200 pounds each, have been
blasted per day for many days past. Ten
barrels of fine salt are prepared by four ket
tles per *iiv. It will probably cost about
fifty cents per sack to haul the salt to a ship- 1
ping point. The discovery of this mine
promises to be of incalculable benefit to the
Cob fcderacy , —iu n .
(Correspondence of the New York World.J
Arm} of Vif|it»U.
KFiKCTS OF GXN. POPE S OROKRS —WMOI.RHAI.It PI I M
DFRING BT THK SOI.OIi.IUS.
O'i r >n:n Cuckthoisk, Va., July We
may be sure that the present quietude in Gen.
l’ope’s army will not he ot long continuance. No
important advances have been made since the oc
cupation of this place. Madison t'ourt Honse,
which has been frequently visited by the cavalry,
is now held by a small body of infantry, but onr
main forces are vet; massed at VVcrreutou, Little
Washington au.i It. Jericksburg.
The army of Virginia has undergone • a marked
charge in a very important particular. The new
usage which has been instituted in regard to pro
tection ot Confederate property ami the purpose
ot the Government to subsist the anay as tar as
practicable upon the enemy’s country, has produc
ed a decided revolution in the feelings aiul prac
tices of the soldiery, and one which seems to me
to be very much regretted.
Unless these innovations are guarded by far
more stringent safeguard* against irregular and
unauthorised plundering, we shall let loose upon
the country at the close of the war, a torrent of
unbridled ami unscrupulous robbers. Rapid strides
toward villainy hare been made daring the last
few weeks. Men who at home would h*vo shud
dered at the suggestion of touching another's pro
perty, uow appropriate remorselessly whatever
comes within ih.'ir teach. Thieving, they imagine,
has now become an authorized practice, and, un
oer the show of subsisting themselves, chickens,
turkies, hams and corn, have become n lawful
plunder, with little discrimination as to the char
acter oi circumstances of the original owner.
In a statp of society were civil law has been
laid aside, and military power exercises but an ir
! regular and Partial sway, men’s consciences arc
i not. remarkably sensitive. Restraints innumerable
| control the propensities of men at home, which
j here at the wars are* entirely inactive, and a very
I mild opiate is sufficient to give quietude in the
conscience of many a soldier when a chicken, pig,
! ham, or other luxury tempts his gustatories.—
i These new orders seem to be just that opiate, and
they have carried many a hitherto honest man ov
| er the dam, and made those who were before some
what predatory in their habits, open, unblushing
rasealas.
It is to me a very serious ami unfortunate state
of facts when soldiers will rush in crowds upon
the smoke-house of a farmer, and each quarrel
with the other to get the first and greatest share.
I blush when I state that on the march through a
section of country, every spring house is broken
! open, and butter, milk, eggs and cream are en
gulplied almost before the place is reached by the
j men. Calves and sheep, and, in fact, any thing
; and ever) thing serviceable tor meat or drink, or
! apparel, are not sate a moment after the approach
.ot the army. Even things apparently useless are
i snatched up, because, it would seem, many men
! love to steal.
At u place where I not long ago spent a night,
j scarcely an article to which the fertility of a sol
i dier could suggest the slightest use remained to
the owner upon the following morning. There
i had been soldiers there you might wager. Pans,
| kettles, dish-cloths, pork, poultry, provisions, and
! every thing desirable had disappeared. The place
j was stript, and without any process of commissa
ry or -quartermaster. So it Ims been in innumera
ble instances. Many a family incapable of sus
saining the slightest loss have been deprived ol
j all.
1 not King ago saw a dozen soldiers rushing
headlong through a field, each anxious to get the
! first choice of three horses standing themselves
quietly under .a tree. The animals made their
best time into the farthest corner of the field with
the men close upon them; and the foremost ones
caught their prizes and bridled them as if they
i had a gerfect immunity in such sort of things.—
I A scene followed. A young lady came out and
1 besought the soldiers not to take her favorite po
ny. The soldiers were remorseless and unyield
ing, and the pony is wow in the army.
1 know a case where a family were just seating
! themselves to supper. Soldiers came that way,
j tnd going in, swallowed every thing. That was
act, all, hut whatever in doors and out of doors
nhe soldiers wanted was readily appropriated, and
iiie proprietor of the place told trie sorrowfully
that they had ruined him—he never could get out
of debt. I hardly regretted the misfortune so
much on his account as for the influence of this
thieving upon the soldiers. I was really gratified
| to hear his little boy say, ‘JPap says he wouldn’t
i vote the secession ticket again if he lmd the
chance.” His patriotism was evidently drawing
I too heavily upon his fortunes, and 1 was rejoiced
to find him in an enquiring state of mind. But
1 unless a check is given to this promiscuous and
unauthorized plundering, the disciplide and value
of the army will be destroyed; and when the en
listments have expired WE SHALL LET LOOSE
A DEN T OF THIEVES UPON THE COUNTRY.
One favorite form in which this will exhibit it
self ie in the passing.of Philadelphia Confederate
notes. Whenever we advance into anew section
the floodgates are immediately opened and the
far simile Confederate notes are poured out upon
the land. They pass readily aud to be taken glad
|ly for whatever is held for’sa’e. Bank notes and
shinplasters are given for change. Horses and
other valuable property are often purchased with
this bogus currency. A party of soldiers entered
a store not long since, fortified with exhaustless
quantities of \ sand Xs, and commenced trade.—
Forty pounds of sugar waa first ordered, and the
storekeeper, pleased with the sudden increase of
business, called in his wife to assist in putting up
the sweetness in small parcels. Seventy five cents
a pound was the cost. That was a small matter.
Matches were purchased. Twenty-five cents per
box was charged. Tobacco also found a ready
market. Each man provided himself with a straw
hat; but the crowning act of all was the abstrac
tion from the till of money already paid to the
dealer for his goods, and the purchase of more
goods with the same spurious medium.
Various arguments are used to justify this prac
tice. They may not be such as would pacify a
I sensative conscience, but they are made to answer
jin want of better ones. The genuine Confeder
ate money, they say, payable six months after a
treaty of peace with the United States, is entirely
i worthless, and the spurious can be no less so.—
i Then some contend that to depreciate the enemy’s
currency by any means, is one of tl*e wrongs
j which war makes right, and the piore it is done
I the more the cause is helped. Still others think
i the more injury is done to Confederates in any
way, the sooner the rebellion will be erushed.
j “They (the Confederates) must begin to feel it in
; their pockets,” is a favorite phrase. And so these
practices are going on until, I believe, if it is not
checked, we shall vnfit the men to be soldiers now,
or citizens hereafter. Such has been the in
fluences ot these new orders — this new way ot
dealing with the Confederates. The Government
has decided to subsist the army from the enemy’s
country, and to give no safeguards to disloyal peo
ple. The soldiers conclude that they are individ
ually to take whatever subsistanee they can lay
hands upon, aud disregard all rights of private
citizens.
I find no fault with this policy of the govern
ment towards the Confederates. Their temper is
most evidently not of the kind tube influenced
by kindness. Justice always allows that protec
tion should go no further than allegiance and pol
icy now requires it. The most effectual way of
dealing with, the Confederates is to make them
feel that destruction and poverty await them if
they continue their rebellion. I have seen no
man yet who has been converted by the clemency
! of the government, and i have seen many whose
heavy losses had made them repent their partici
pation in the cause of the Confederates. The
slight sacrifices of & mild kind of warfare they are
willing to endure; but such heavy losses as the
| new system involves is too much for their patriot
ism.
But if this policy is to be pursued it must be 1
regulated better than it has been thus far. Unless
the discipline of the army is to be destroyed, aud
the morals of the men corrupted, stricter orders
against private plundering must be enforced. —
Otherwise, in failing to protect the rebels, we shall
jiti. to protect ourselves.
Talbot county, Georgia, reports 2,000 acres in
cotton, and 91,000 acres m corn grain,
MACON, georgi^
M i-tlmsda), tui-usl 21, | M| ,
HABEAS CORPUS -QUESTION SETTIFI '
THE STATE ON RELATION or JKKFNU*, v
This ease was the offence of the rei ator M
ney, a private in Capt EH*’ Artillery Cos for'
bing Lieut. Greer, of Major Ry Under’s t. .
The relator was arrested, tried and comm ta*
a **ourt-inartisl, to the city guard keotm,
sued out a wut ot habeas corpus, and %js ***
greater part ot yesterdav and Monday r„
stimed in the argument of count*?!, Judg,
rane decided that the court martial had i ur ,. lt
—the offence beiug an assault of on*- ~,:
another of superior rank, and remanded :r
tor back to the custody of the citv cuard k
to await the confirmation ot the sentence
court-martial by the higher military authori
Th ; < ends all conflict between the civil and u .
rv j urisdictions.
Jiff" The most interesting correspondent*
could be opened with us would be with letl
subscribers who have been owing us for •, |
time—with some remittances of what is j IM , ,
These have been scarce of late, wldl* dj„ ,
! that money was never more plentiful in th e ,
of the people.
We would direct attention to the it
froiu the Treasury Department, respecting j ,
ing the pay of deceased soldiers.
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE
We present the message of the Pre-,,j, x ,
our columns lO'day. It is almost as brief j*
| first message ol the Jefferson of other days,
quite as clear and lucid us his; and is all that .>
need be. All is fitly said, and as its briefne* .
an assurance lliai. it will be read by ever? oc?
therefore, comments would be unnecessary.
REMOVAL OF THE MILITARY
We learn that (’ol. Jack Brown’s regiment saj
Major Rylatnier’s batta’ion hare been ordered
Richmond so soon as some disposition can be road#
of the prisoners quartered near this city.
A QUESTION TO SOUTH CAROLINA
It is often asked, why does this most belligerent
State suffer a crop of cotton and corn to tie raised
ou their soil, by their own negroes, for the benefit
of the Federal?, and that within u iew miles ot
Charleston ? Are they permitting this to be doue
so that wbeu it is matured they may capture if
It seems a little singular that the Federal occupants
of the South Carolina soil should remain thera
undisturbed so long. They will soon begin to be
lieve in their right to it, under the statute ot linn
tations.
THE DEFENCES OF SAVANNAH
We are glad to see that several counties m.llut
vicinity are responding promptly to the call tor
aid in completing these defences. Aiuong tbe/u
are those of Sumter (whose quits, lias aire«d»
gone), Monroe and Houston. Houston count,
sends a physician with the compensnhou of tire
hundred dollars, aud an overseer at tao hundred
anil fifty. Other counties are also moving m iLe
matter.
A meeting for Bibb county is to be held at the
t’itv Hall tor the above purpose on Saturday ut-ju,
where, it is to be expected, the aid called ioi will
be cheerfully furnished. It should lie recollected
that it is not merely for the deieuce of the city ol
Savannah, but for ihe protection of the entire
State from the horrible depredations that ou: bor
der States are now suffering from Federal baiU
riaus. Protect Savannah mid the State is safe
CAPT. WM J. SEYMOUR
We notice among the names of those whom
Gen. Butler has sent to Fort .lackson, tor disloyal
sentiments, is that of ('apt. Wnri. .f. Hevmour, soo
of our former fellow citizen, Col. 1 G. Seymour,
who fell in the recent battles near Richmond
(.'apt. 8. is a very worthy and talented young gentle
man, and principal editor of the New Orleans Bul
letin, after the departure of his father w ith the army,
ad learned, that after , the capture of New Or
j leans, he had been placed on parole, but it seem*
that (ien. Butler has thought proper to number
him among his victims.
FALL CROP OF IRISH POTATO**
About this time last vear, several pervert in
this vicinity, planted a second crop, which
ceeded very well, and in some instances, waseq'>«l,
if not better than the first. The experiment is won
trying to a greater extent than it ever has bees,
and will always succeed with a favorable season
The better mode of planting is to cover the ground
deeply with wheat or pine straw, leaves, or aof
like article. The writer covered the tops of a
portion of his, lust year, at the approach of frost,
with a second coat of pine straw, and had good
potatoes in the ground up to the time of planting
in the spring.
WATER-MELON SYRUP
We notice that some editors are bragging of
having received presents of water-melon uyrup,
and sp?ak very highly of its flavor, Ac., and one
planter says he is going extensively into the bu 9 i
ness next year, both for making sugar and syrup.
We have never seen the sugar from the water
melon, and presume no one else has, and that the
projector is rather green. We have a present of
the syrup from Mrs. John Springer, which, we can
say, is of very fine flavor, and will do very well
for present uses. We Lave had intimations here
tofore (but no experience on the subject! that it
will not keep in a palatable condition but a few
weeks. If it proves otherwise, it is a great so4o*-
sition to our essentials and luxuries of living.
Why does not some speculator now buy up all
the water melons remaining of the crop, and iu»u
ufacture them into New Orfean* xyrup, for which
he could get one dollar and seventy-five cent 9 . per
gallon ?
(it*. Benham, who commanded in the attack
on James I-laud, near Charleston, and was so to
nally defeated, has been dismissed from the
vice.
-Gen. Butler is to be relieved from the command
of New Orleans, and General Dix is to be his as*-"
cessor.
Reverpy Johnson has been appointed by Lin
coln Provisional Governor of Louisiana.
Three thousand guerrillas, under Quantrell, at*
tacked a large body of Missouri militia, near Lex
ingtoD, on the lyth, killing three hundrod and
capturing the remainder, together with many arras,
stores, Ac. The Yankee commander, Maj. Emory
Foster, was mortally wounded. There was great
excitement over the affair at Lexington and St.
Louis. Many guerrilla bands were hovering ftbO u *
within tea or fiitm uiika of St, Louis,