Newspaper Page Text
Weekly Journal and Messenger
Office in Ralston Hall Building
Cherry Street—Up Stairs,
For Tlirrr,
" One Year 3CO
AdverUsoments Inserted In Weekly at tl 00 ner
."2^n& i V nSerti ° n - and 50
Your Mission.
Ts you cannot on the ocean
Sail among the swiftest fleet,
Rocking oil the highest billows,
Laughing at the storms you meet,
You can stand among the sailors,
Anchoret! yet within the bay,
You can lend a hand to help them,
As they launch their boats away.
If you are too weak to journey ,
Up the mountain steep and high,
Yon can stand within the valley
While the multitudes go by;
You can chant in happy measure
As they slowly pass along—
Though they may forget the siuger,
They will not forget the song.
If you have not gold or silver
Lver ready to command,
If you cannot toward the needy
Reach an ever open hand,
You can visit the afflicted,
O’er the erring you can weep,
You can tie a true disciple
Sittingat the Saviour’s feet.
Do uot, then,stand idly waiting
For some greater work to do ;
Fortune is a lazy goddess,
She will never come to you ;
Go aud toil in any vineyard,
Do not fear to do or care,
If you want a field of labor,
You can find it anywhere.
A Steamboat Unco on tbe Alabama
Klvcr.
Well as we are aboard of the Southern
Republic, the last bell has sounded, the
last belated trunk lias been trundled over
the plank, and we are oiT, the calliope
screaming Dixie like ten thousand devils,
aud the crowds ou the band waving us
bon voyage.
This trip the boat was very crowded
and at supper the effect of the lino of smal,
tables, filled with officers iu uniform, la
dies tastfully dressed, and a sprinkling ol
homespun coats —all rellected in the long
mirror—was very bright aud gay. After
meals there is generally a promenade on
the upper decks— sans souci —where the
people talk, smoke, inspect each other and
flirt. Then they adjourn to state room,
saloon or card room, or read to kill time,
for the Alabama is anything but a pictu
resque stream, with its low, marshy banks,
only varied by occasional “slides” and ne
gro quarters.
This night was splendidly clear, the
moon bright as day; and Bivles and I,
after seeing the “Colonel” well tucked in,
staid ou deck to scrape acquaintance witli
the pilot and the small, seedy Frenchman,
who officiated at the calliope.
“That’s the Benator, and she’s gainin’
on we,” said the pilot, as we walked for
ward, pointing to a thin column of smoke
rising out of the trees just abreast of us
“How tar astern?”
“A matterof about two miles around
tlmt jKiint.”
“.splendid night fora race,” muttered
Bty les.
“Will she overtake us, capta.n ?”
“Wall, maybe!” replied the old river
dog, while tire most professional grin shot
ov r his hard, wooden features; “specially
es 1 ease up this’ar old gal.”
“Ha, Jones! now we'll have it. We
won’t turn in now,” chuckled Styles,
banging me ou tbe back.
Almost imperceptibly our speed slack
ened, and the thin, dark column crept
nearer and nearer round the trees, ou the
point in our wake, till at last the st auier
burst into sight not a pistol-shot astern.
There is a sharp click of the pilot’s bell,
a gasping throb, as if our boat took a deep,
long breath, and, just as the Senator
makes our wheel, we dashed on again,
with every str ke of the piston threaten
ing to rack our fiail fabric into shreds.
The river here is pretty wide, and the
channel deep aud clear. The Senator
pullsahead in gallant style, now gaining
our quarter, now a boat’s length astern—
both engines roaring and snorting tike an
gry hippopotami, and both vessels rock
ing and straining till they seem to paw
their way through the churned water.
Talk of horse racing and rouge et noir !
Rut, except the wild delirium of a cavalry
charge—as described by tho-e who have
been in one—there is no excitement that
can approach boat raci/jg on, the .Southern
fivers. One ‘fly one ttie people pop lip
ladders and throng the hurricane deck and
tlie rails. First, the unemployed deck
hands; then a stray gentleman or two,
and finally ladies and children, till the
rail is full, and every eye is anxiously
strained to the opposite boat.
She holds her own wonderfully well,
considering the reputation of ours; aud at
eacn burst, when she seemed to gain on
us, the whole crowd hold their breath,
and as she drops off again, there is a deep
drawn, gasping sigh of leiief, like wind
in pines. Even “the colonel” has roused
himself from dreams of turtle at the St.
Charles, and red fish at Pensacola, am!
has come on deck in a shooting jacket
and glengary cap, that makes him look
like jaunty Fusco. He leans over that
stern rail, putting his Havana in long,
easy whiffs as we gniu a length, or seuding
out short, angry puffs at the Senator as
she creeps upon us.
Foot by foot we gain steadily until the
gap is widened to three or four boat
lengths, though the [Senator piles her fires
till the shores behind her, on each side,
glow from the reflection, and her decks,
now black with anxious lookers on, send
up cheer after cheer as she snorts defiant
ly at us.
Suddenly the bank seems to loom up
right under our larboard bow !
We have cut it too close !
Two sharp vicious clinks of the bell.
Our helm goes hard down, and the engine
stops with a sudden jar, and I catch a hiss- j
ing curse break through the set teeth of I
the pilot.
A yell of wild triumph rises from the
Senator’s deck! On she comes in gallant
style; shutting the gap and passing us
like a race-tiorse, before we could swing
into tiie channel and recover headway.—
It is a splendid sight as the noble boat
passes us, her black hulk standing out in
clear moonlight, against the dim, gray
chimneys snorting out volumes of mass
ive black smoke that trails flat behind her
from her great sweep. Her side towards
us is crowded with men, women and
children,and hats, handkerchiefs and
hands are swung madly about, to aid the
efforts of the hundred voices.
Close down to the water’s edge—scarce
above the line of the foam she cuts—her
lower deck lies black aud undefined in the
shadow of the great mass above it.
Biuldeuly it lights up with a lurid flash
as the furnace doors are thrown wide
oi>eu, and in the hot glare the negro str<>
kers—their stalwart frames jetty black,
naked to the waist, and streaming with
the exertion that makes the muscle strain
out like cords —show like the distorted
imps of some pictured inferno. They, too,
have imbibed the excitement, and with
every gesture of anxious haste, aud eye
balls startling from their dusky heads,
some plunge the long rakes into the red
mouth of the furnace, twisting and turn
ing thecracklingmass with;terrificstrength
while others lnirl in the huge logs of re
sinous pine, already heated by the con
tast, till they would burn like pitch.—
Then the great doors bang to, the yo! vo!
of the negroes dies away, and the whole
hull is black from the contrast, while the
Benator, puffing greater clouds than ever,
swing* round the point a hundred yards
ahead!
There is a dead silence ou our boat, so
deep that the rough whisper of the pilot is
heard the whole length of the deck, “ dam
nation . I’ll overstep her yit or bust!”
. Goejei, °'' l fellow !” lesponded Styles
'heat her out, and I’ll stand the wine!”
i hen the “old colonel” walked to the
wheel, with his face purple, his glengary
pushed tar back on his head, and his
cigar blowing like the “red eye of battle ”
and he pulls angry wheezes of smoke
through his nostrels “Damned hard, sir
—hard ! hard . Egad. I’d burn the last
ham in the locker to ; overtake her,” and
he whirled the glowing stump after the
“Benator” as the Spartan youth hurled
the shield into the thick of battle, before
rushing to reclaim them. On we speed
until ttie trees on tiie bank seem to fly
back past us, and round points to see the
“Benator” just turning another curve!
On still, faster than ever, with every
glass on board jingling in its frame and
every joi Hand timber trembling, as with
a congestive chill!
Btlll the black demons below ply their
fires will* the fattest logs—and even a
few barrels of pitch are slyly slipped in—
By Hose aSe Burr.
the smok# behind us stretching straight
and flat from the smoke stack.
Now we enter a straight narrow re«-n,
with the Senator ju«t s.c <y*e us. Faster
*md f«rer we go, tilt the boat fairly rocks
and swings from side to side, half lifted
with every throb of the engine. Closer
and closer we creep—harder and harder
thumps the cylinder—until at last we
close, our bow just leaping her stern.
So we run a few yards. Little by little ;
so little that we test it by counting her
windows; we reach her wheel—pass—it
lock her bow, run neck and neck for a
hundred feet.
The stillness of death is upon boths
boats ; not a souDd but thecreak and hud-
I der as they struggle on. Suddenly the
hard voice of our pilot crarhed through it
like a broadaxe|!
“Hood by, Scultor! l’llsend you a tug!”
and he gives the bell a merry click.
Our huge boat gives one shuddering
throb that racks her from end to end; one
plunge and then shesottled into a steady
rush, aud forges rapidly aud evenly ahead.
Wider and wider grows the gap, and we
wind out yf sight with the beaten boat
500 yards behind us !
The cigar I took from my mouth to
make way for the deep, long sigh, is chew
ed to a perfect pulp. A wild, pent up yell
of half savage triumph goes up from the
crowded deck, such as is heard nowhere
else but where the captured work rewards
the bloody and oft repeated charge. Cheer
after cheer follow! and as we approach
the thin column of smoke, curling over
the trees between us, Htyles bestrides the
prostrate form of the still sleeping profes
sor, ami makes the calliope jell and shriek
that classic ditty, “Old Gray Horse come
i out of the Wilderness!” at the invisible
| rival.
I doubt if heartier toast was ever drank
j than the- “colonel”gave tliegroup around
I the wheel-house, when Styles “stood” the
j wine plighted the pilot. The “colonel”
was beaming, the glengary set jauntily on
| one side, and his voice actually gurgled as
j he said :
“Egad! I’d miss my dinner for a week
I for this. Gentlemen, a toast! Here’s to
I the old boat! God bless liersoul!”
_
j A Domestic Romance. — A tradesman
| and his wife, about a dozen years ago, em
j igrated to Australia, and, having remain
i ed in Sydney for some time, it was con
j sidered advisable that the wife should re
turn to England to transact some impor
j t int business; and, as the diggings were
then in the height of prosperity, the lius-
I band started to try his fortune as a gold
| digger, it being arranged that the husband
1 and wife should meet again in Australia
within a year. Not having heard any ti
i dings of her hush ;nd for five years—their
letters to eacii other having been suppress-
I ed by a wicked brother—the wife settled
down in a quiet village and took a situa
tion as a servant. But one day the wife
servant answered the ring of the house
beil, and, after a few words, recognized
the gentleman who entered as her long
lost husband. It transpired that in pur
suit of gold he went further into the in
terior of Australia than he had intended,
and on his return to Sydney was given to
understand that the news of his wife’s
deatli had been received some time previ
ously. Returning to England after the
I lapse of several years, he sought out the
lelatives of her whom he believed to be
dead, and was overjoyed to find that she
was still living.
Facts in Farming.
There are some things in farming that
are established, namely:
That manure must be applied, not only
to get up land, but to keep it up. That
wet soil must be drained, either byditch
j ing or otherwise. Thatsub-soiiing is good.
| That grain should be sown earlier than it
i generally is; that it should be harvested
■ earlier, than it is done; that grass should
f be cut when iu blossom ; and never whe.i
ripe, unless for seed. That our soil is not
sufficiently worked, especially in hoeu
crops ; that stirring the soil and keepidg
it well pulverized, is a partial guard against
drouth. That the most advantageous
grain for the horse is the oat; that it im
proves fodder to cook or steam it. That
warm shelter in winter saves fodder, and
benefits stock. That the l>est Ldootl i £ s |b«-
fiiost profitable. * That there is much ad
vantage in selecting the best seed, the ear
liest, matured and the plumpest. That in
and-ih breeding is not good in close and
consecutive relationship, but must be car
ried on by foreign infusion of the same
blood. That warm quarters and good
treatment are necessary iu winter to pro
duce eggs from most hens. That top-dress
ing grass lands should be done with fine,
well rotted’ manure, applied close to the
gound. That it is, in general, best to sell
produce as soon as ready for market. 1 hat
blackberries require rich soil; strawber
ries aud raspberries vegetable mould—
such as rotton leaves, chip manure, etc. —
That more lime should be med. That
j salt, in some cases, is good for land—also
plaster, the phosphates, guano, etc. That
fall ploughing is the best for clay lands ;
that land should not he ploughed wet. —
That young orchards should he cultiva
ted. That compost heaps are a good insti
tution. That clay aud lime, rattier than
animal manure, be employed in raising
fruit. That manure should be rotted be
fore it is used. That agricultural papers
are an advantage to the farmer. That a
cultivated mind is requisite to high farm
ing, and that a good reputation exerts a
good influenced! the farming communi
ty. —Rural World.
A Great Invention In Hee Culture.
HOW TO EMPTY COMBS.
The Bee papers of Europe aud this ceun
try are Ailed with accounts of the discov
ery of a German Apiarian, of a method
of emptying combs of honey without in
juring them. The process is exceedingly
simple, and consists only in slicing off the.
caps of the cells, and then causing the
combs to revolve on the periphery of a
wheel or cylinder, which empties one side
of honey; then the other side is turned
and emptied. Liquids, upon bodies
which are whirled or revolved, tend to fly
off by what is called centrifugal force. In
tills case the revolution is so graduated
that only the honey flies off, and dead
bees, bee-bread, etc., remain behind, so
that not only is the comb saved, but the
iioney is purer, and better than that
strained. The temperature requisite to
success, is about 80° Fahrenheit, which is
gained in a warm room, or on a summer
day.
The value of this invention may be the
better appreciated when it is known that
it requires the consumption by tiie bees
of 15 to 20 pounds of honey, (estimates va
ry,) to make 1 pound of wax, consequent
ly, that tiie comb requires for its constiue
tion the use of just about as much honey
as it will contain when filled. It may be
found that in the economy of bee life, it is
essential for the bees to make or excrete a
certain aiuouut of wax in order to remain
in good health; but tbisis hardly probable,
for it has long beeu the practice of bee
keepers to save empty or partly filled
combs with scrupulous care, and give
them to the bees, and no bad results have
ever beeu noticed. —American Agricultu
rist.
Walter Scott’s Advice to His Son.—
Read, my dear Charlie, read ; aud that
which is useful. Man differs from birds
and beasts only because he has the means
of availing himself of the knowledge ac
quired by his, predecessors. The swallow
builds the same nest which its father and
mothei built, and the sparrow does not
improve by!the experience of its parents.
The son of the learned pig, if it had one,
would be a mere brute, only fit to make
bacon of. It is not.so with the human race.
Our ancestors lodged in caves and wig
wams, where we construct palaces for the
rich, and comfortable dwellings for the
poor; and why is this but because our eye
is enabled to look back upon the past, to
improve upon our ancestor’s improve
ments, and to avoid their errors ? This can
only he done by studying history and
comparing it with passing events.
An Australian Newspaper Office.
At a newspaper office in Sydney, Aus
iraua, is a tablet informing visitors that
m'r 1- °. r - cutuu,t be spoken to unless paid
eru>« Persons desiring au audi
slou at th« V | lted b , uy 11 ticket of adrnis
siou at the door of the waiting room-one
six shiUin™ • t flfnf hllUt ! gM : & lf au hour
Hugs * ’ fifte “ n miuu tes three sliil
I Another l'enr
Another r»*'i «*«oi,ncr year,
on, who shall see another year ?
Shalt thou, old man of honry head,
Os eyesight dim, anti feeble tread ?
Expect it not! time, pain and grief,
Have made thee like the autum leaf,
Ready, by blast or self-decay,
From its slight hold to drop away—
And some sad morn may gild thy bier,
Long, long before another year!
Another year, another year,
Oh, who shall see another year?
—Shall you, the young? or you, the fair,
Ah ! thepresumptuousthoughtforbear!
Within this churchyard’s peaceful bounds,
Come, pause aud ponder o’er the mounds!
Here beauty sleeps,—that verdant length
Os grave contains what once was strength;
The child—the boy—tiie man are here;
You may not see another year!
Another year, another yenr,
Oli, who shall see another year?
—Stiail 1, whose burning thirst of fame
No earthly power can quench or tame?
Alas! that burning thirst may soon
Be o’er, and all beneath tbe moon—
All my fine visions, fancy wrought,
And till this vortex whirl of thought,
Forever cease and disappear,
Ere dawns on earth another year !
Varieties.
Punch offers ns a sentiment: May
the tear of sensibility be wiped by the
pocket handkerchief of common sense.
Somebody says it is a mistake toaupjtose
that everybody in Kentucky is running
for Governor. There are thirteen men
who are not. They are the candidates for
Lieutenant Governor.
Here is Punch's illustration of self
respect. The Missus: “Oh, Jem, you
said you’d give me yer photogr rs. Now
let’s go iu and get it done.” Jem: “Oh,
I dessay! an’ ’ave my ‘Carte de Wisite’
stuck up in the winder along o’ all the
bully-gals and ’Jgh Church persons? No,
Bailey !”
The London Times, in its leading edito
rial January Ist, predicts that the new
year will he one of general peace.
The total debt of North Carolina, up to
the first of October, including interest,
amounts to thirteen million dollars.
Negro highwaymen are infesting North
ern Georgia. They d.'m.uid money of
travellers in regular Drek Turpin style.
Teams were crossing the Mississippi riv
er Wednesday, at Muscatine, on the ice,
for tiie first time this season.
A fire broke out Christmas Eve at War
rensburg, Maine, which destroyed proper
ty to the amount of two hundred thou
sand dollars.
There is a steady stream of emigrants
passing through Alabama to Texas. One
day last week 250 went through Montgom
ery.
The revenue and trade returns of Great
Britain are very satisfactory, anti indicate
that Mr. Disraeli, Chanceller of the Ex
chequer, will be able to exhibit a surplus
revenue of nearly £2,000,000 sterling.
Tiie Democratic Committee have made
arrangements for an extensive celebration
in Washington ok the Bth of Jauuary.—
Prominent men in ail parts of the country
are to bo invited to attend.
The Columbia Phoenix, of yesterday
says; “One thousand freed men have
passed through this city during tiie past
week, on their way to Florida or tiie
West.”
There are forty firms in the lumber
trade in Chicago, Illinois, employing 2000
bauds, making up 21,000,000 feet permonth
into doors, surfacing, flooring, siding,
blinds and boxes.
Advices from Harrisburg, leave li'tle
doubt but that Thaddeus Stevens will he
elected United States Senator. It is also
believed that, Koscoe Conklin will succeed
Ira Harris, of New York, as United States
Senator.
Ozd' It is reported from Washington
that Napoleon’s o*urse Is likely to result
iu new complicaflo'nsbetween this coun
try and France. He is aiming, it is as
serted, to secure the ascendency of either
Mira mo li or Ortega, iu case Maximilian
is compelled to retire.
A Paris letter of the 22d of December
says: The last dispatch of Mr. Seward is
regarded as deliberately offensive. It
proves to tiie French people that not con
tent with subjecting them to the humilia
tion of decamping lrom Mexico, tiie Uni
ted States wishes to insult them.
The Pittsburg iron people have just dis
covered tHut tiie business of manufactur
ing iron is absolutely ruinous at present,
and they have resolved to stop their mills
in a few days. It is a noticeable fact and
a “remarkable coincidence” that, contem
poraneously with the discovery, the tariff
question is under consideration iu the
Congressional Committees.
The people of Chicago who went into
ecstacies over the supply of pure water
recently introduced , into the city from
Lake Michigan, are now puzzling their
brains with the problem of how to get rid
of the dirty water. They are afraid to
turn it into the lake lest it will return
through the tunnel, so they propose to send
it Southward to enrich the Illinois farms.
Frauds upon tiie revenue are not con
fined to whisky distillers alone. It is
known thatsomeof our largest silk aud
lace importers have perpetrated huge
swindlers upon the Government by means
of undervalued invoices or other contri
vances which they have invented to meet
present emergencies. One importing house
alone was compelled a few weeks ago .to
pay SBOO,OOO in gold for an attempt to
evade the law.
The proprietor of a mammoth distillery
at Pittsburg has just made a return for the
closing year, from which it appears that
the amount of whiskey shipped by him,
in bond, amounts to 202,079 gallons. The
United States revenue tax on this, at $2
per gallon, amounts to $524,158, and the
city tax amounts to $100,765, making a
total, in the way of taxes, of $684,923. It
is probable that these figures can be ex
ceeded by very few persons in the United
States.
There is a story current of Senator
McDougall, of California, that having
highly over-estimated his capacity for re
freshment, he found himself in the gutter,
and was accosted by a policeman, who,
shaking him roughly, desired him to get
up. “Do you know who 1 am?” thun
dered the Senator. “No,” said buttons.
“I’m a great man,” said McDougall,
“Can’t you see I’m Sewered?”
A woman was brought before a magis
trate in London recently, and remanded
to answer a charge of highway robbery.
Another woman, brought before the same
court for breaking a pane of glass, com
menced a sudden assault upon everybody
in her vicinity, including the complain
ant, and it took all the officers of the court
to overpower her and remove her to the
cells.
A poor little girl in the Fourth Ward,
New York, as she was dying, said, “she
was glad she was going to die. because now
her brothers and sisters would have
enough to eat 1”
84a?* Win ter is upon us, with snow-storms
and Congress and other seasonable afflic
tions. Old “Iron Works” and his follow
ers are coolly set to keep the country in hot
water. No chance of a settlement, we
fear, until radical pocket-nerves are touch
ed by the coming commercial storm.
Then, perhaps, peace and restoration
may be thought necessary to induce the
South to go earnestly to work at develop
ing the resources so needful to the pros
perity of the whole country.
It is ail very well for West and North to
sing,
“ The king is dead—King Cotton:
Long lice the king—King Corn,”
but we cannot spin corn, nor print corn,
nor wear corn. A “ butternut” coat is ail
right, but who ever heard of a corn-stalk
shirt,or corn-husk calico? “Patience and
shuffle the cards,” says the Spanish prov
erb : let us hope—faintly though it be —
lor the time wheu statesmanship and true
patriotism shall take the place of personal
spite, and partizau determination to cling
to office and power.— Carrington'B Com~
r/mtionaire.
Oa M Wednesday, January 16, 1867.^
nicorac Tax®
rro principle of taxation is better estab
lished than that property should nay for
its own protection, and that taxes should
be drawn, directly, from those who have
property rather tliau from those who have
only labor and skill, tbe availability of
which depends wholly on continuance of
health. Wealth realized is not subject to
; the accidents of the lot of the individual;
but labor and skill hang on the most un
certain tenure. When Peel proposed und
I carried an income tax of seven pence in
j (lie pound sterling on incomes of over SBOO
i in Engluud, it was thought a monstrous
I thing; but this is only a little more than
half the rate imposed by our revenue law
on all incomes over S6OO per annum. A
clerk or professional man on a salary of
$2,000 is obliged to pay to the Government
a tax of S7O per annum and in addition
must meet the enhancement in the price
of every article of household consump
tion created by a tariff - averaging fifty per
centum ad valorem, and by internal taxes
£hat reaelFthe most trifling articles ofcon
venience or necessity, and all this with a
currency fluctuating and greatly deprecia
ted in value. Suppose the accident of
sickness or of death to overtake tiie man
so circumstanced, and how oppressive be
comes tiie action of this tax. in small in
comes, how many little comforts, what
means of relaxation or of improved intel
ligence, are represented by the sum of
seventy-five dollars, more or less with
drawn by tiie Government. On mei#/,
smaller incomes than S2,OtX), the exJP®y»
: of the smaller sums of ten, twenty*,
("dollars weighs with equally rtppreSuve
j force ; hardly any one is so poor as to es
i cape the universal drag-net.
Oftentimes persons of small incomes !
dependent on labor and skill, find their (
I profits swept away or diminished after the j
i return lias been given in to the assessor
and it is literally taking their life-blood
to exact payment. But if they have any
little property liable to distraint, tho de
mand must be met. In the ease of per
sons of the larger incomes, the law in its
present form bears also oppressively. In
a city like New York, where tbe success of i
business men depends so largely on indi-!
vidual exertion, and when fluctuations are
so sudden arid violent, a man often gives
in in the months of April or May, an In- 1
come of fifteen or twenty thousand dol- j
lars, which is perhaps equal to his entire
capital, and on all over $5,000 he is taxed
at the rate of ten percent., or one-tenth
of the whole. The month of October or
November following, when this tax is to
be collected, may see tbe whole of this 1
profit swept away, and perhaps a part of i
the capital with it, but the l isv is inexo
rable, und tiie tax must be paid even if it :
takes away still more of tiie means of self
help and recovery.
The tax of ten per cent, on ali incomes
over $.i,000 seems as unwise and as op
pressiveon the range of incomes it reaches,
as the tax of five per cent, on incomes less
than that sum. It is said by unthinking
persons, “Never mind they can afford it;”
but these forget that the skill and enter
prise which secure large incomes are in
themselves a valuable and direct contri
bution to the general wealth, and should,
no more than indigence, be subjected to
burdens so heavy as to diminish produc
tive power. There are in large cities a few
striking instances where this tax, .failing
on a colossal income derived from an im
mense vested capital, does’not weigh heav
ily, but for every Astor or Stewart there
are thousands who are crushed by this tax
with incomes raging from five to fifty
thousand dollars,in whose case the produc
tive force of tire community and the pros
perity of tiro poorest is diminished by just
so much as is unwisely withdrawn by this
tax from their resources. Experience
seems to show, in this country, that if the
income tax is to be continued, in the pres
ent condition of the currency and tire
prices, it should touch no sums of less
than fifteen hundred or two thousand dol
lars, and should not exceed three percent,
on incomes less than five thousand dol
lars, and five per cent, on those in excess
of five thousand dollars.— livening Pont.
British Capital Coming South—Re
lief for the Planters.—Last winter
the Legislature of Tennessee chartered
the American Industrial Agency, wßb
very viditaWe frmsMuoii 1 ®-' r
The purpose of the company is to aid In
an increased production of .Southern sta
ples, by advancing money to planters on
favorlble terms.
Mr. M. J. Mcllaffle, a well known con
tributor to the financial and commercial
column of tlie London Times, has recently
arrived in this country, commissioned by
large British capitalists to examine into
and report upon the American Industrial
Agency, and is now making a tour through
the Southern States, in company with
Colonel Beii. E. Green, Solicitor of the
American Industrial Association.
We understand that Mr. McUallie rep
resents that class of British capitalists who
go for reasonable and certain profits, with
good security. Nowhere on the face of
the earth can they find such certain re
turns, with such abundant security, as in
the Southern states. We are gratified to
learn, thut so far, Mr. Mcliaffie has been
greatly pleased with his visit, and very
favorably impressed. His fa voluble re
port will turn a large amount of British
capital into the South. —Memphis Bulle
tin.
Brazilian Emigration.—A letter to
tiie Missouri Republican, from an Ameri
can In Brazil, Province of San Paulo,
saps :
“Os course your readers wish to know if
I would advise them to come to Brazil. I
answer, most emphatically, no. I am
here, and expect to stay till I see more of
it. After this, I mao become satisfied to
remain here, but if I were now in the
States, and knew as much of Brazil as I
do, I would never come to it. Yet, I be
lieve that a young man of energy, who is
willing to forego ail the advantages of so
ciety, und to undergo all tiie hardships
and privations that are to be encountered
here, can come here, and in a few years
make a very handsome little fortune—
enongh, at least, to start him in business
in some civilized and Christian country,
should he choose to leave this benighted
land. But, as for bringing a wife and
children here, at present at least, I could
not and would not advise any one. A lew
American families are in Brazil. Others
are soon expected. Yet, immigration
from the Southern States, we are begin
ning to think, will not be very large.—
Should what families that are here now
congregate into one neighborhood, and
they be joined by others from the States,
so as to give an American caste to the soci
ety of any one location, I might be in
duced to bring my family here.”
A Remarkable Calculation.—Mr.
Elkanah Watson, author of tiie “Annals
of Philadelphia,” and an intimate friend
of Benjamin Franklin, in the year 1815,
published a calculation he had" made as
to the population of the United States for
each decade up to the end of the century.
It is wonderful to observe how closely his
predictions have been verified by every
census report since that time. It is possi
ble that the late war may cause some dif
ference between the rate of increase as es
timated bv him and the census of 1870.
His calculation as compared with the ac
tuul results, up to the last census, is as fol
lows :
Year. Estimated pop. Actual results.
1820 9,025,734 9,638,151
1830 12,833,615 12,856,470
1840 17,116,526 17,062,565
I 1850 23 445,454 23,191,876
! 1860 31,750,824 31,445,180
1870 42,328,433
j 1880 56,050,241
! 1890 77,626,989
; 1900 100,050,955
That Game at Faro.—The New York
j Citizen is a little more explicit about that
game of faro in New York last week. It
'says: “The most vigorous and pertino
! cious fight against tiie “tiger” ever made
in this country came off on Wednesday
night last. The assailing party was an ex
| member of Congress of this city, while the
! hank was backed by a member elect. The
attacking party left the scene of conflict
Sat 9A. M. on Thursday, the winner ol
$124,000. We think this affair has no par
allel in sporting annals. We are glad ol
it, Ben.; it will help set you on your feel
again, and John can afford to lose it. A1
one time in the evening Mr. Wood was
loser to the extent of eighty thousand
dollars, but cool persistence induced the
change recorded above.”
•'nl.fiiM** Itll-fl Portry.
The recent military order of General
Schofield, in Virginia, for seizing all
horses and mules that bear the mark o i
the United States, has created a great
sensation, and awakened some poetical
fire. Witness the following :
Hear all you Rebs and Boys in Gray!
Have you a horse marked U. rt. A.,
Or even a mule not worth his hay,
So runs the order,
Just fork him over without a neigh,
Or quit the border.
If there’s a single doubt, you find,
Whether the beast be halt or blind,
Or owns a hollow tooth to grind
His corn or gruel,
The Bureau soon will ease your mind,
Or ease your mu-el.
Our Paris Correspondence.
Pakis, Dec. 21, 1800.
I'M Horn of the Journal and Meuenffor:
THE ARMY REFORM and popula k feeding
IN’ FRANCE.
The majority of our papers are unfavor*
! able to the contemplated reforms in the
French army. The Temps, on this subject,
‘says; “The reception given by public
! .Opinion, in the project of military reorgan
*,Won, as expounded in the Monijeur, is
no longer a matter of dbubt—the objections
which we expressed at the outset, are al
most universal. The journals of the De
partments, even those addicted, through
their position, to an almost unreflecting
optism, show the embarrassment they feel,
between a satisfaction at any price and
the repulsion felt by the populations they
have to address. As to the publications
unshackled by any administrative tie,
ttiey manifest a unanimous eagerness to
signalize tbe moral resistance which such
a scheme will doubtless meet with over
the whole country. Amongst our Paris
contemporaries, two had from the very
first, entrenched themselves in a very sig
nificant silence, and had not even allowed
us to forsee tiio attitude they would take
up, in presence of a system which so deep
ly concerns our entire national life, name
ly, the Sic ole, (opposition,) and the Opin
ion National? (ditto,. The former has
now declared against the plan, although
the other is still silent.”
% THE WOLE AND THE LAMB.
La France, an organ of the present dy
nasty, has, of late, been attacking both
Belgium and Switzerland, for being so
bold as to provide their armies with the
breech-loading needle gun. They there
by, says the Frame, change their positions
in Europe, as neutral States, and render
themselves liable to be annexed by their
more powerful neighbors. The attacks of
the France on these weak States, has rais
ed quite a clamor in the opposition press,
and the organ of the government will, no
doubt, regret having taken so unwise a
step.
THE ARRIVAL OF JOHNSON'S MESSAGE IN
FRA NUE.
The organs of the government have not
known what to say respecting the Message
of the American President, and tlie oppo
sition papers have not dared say much.—
We cannot disguise from ourselves, that
there is a feeling of profound humiliation
iu France, at the idea of haying received
notice to quit Mexico, from the govern
ment of tiie White House.
THE OFENINO SPEECH OF VICTOR EM
MANUEL.
Another subject of conversation in Paris,
is the opening speech of Vi<s|t>r Kmman-
Hhd. *ls considered satisfaetbry, and cal
culated to prove that the King of Italy is
desirous of bringing about the reforms
which are demanded by France.
THE TOR HELLO MISSION TO ROME.
We hear from Florence that the Torre) lo
mission to Rome, although confined to tiie
religious question, may have excellent re
sults, and prepare a more complete under
standing between the cabinet of Florence
and the Holy Bee. Baron Riecaaoli, the
Italian Prime Minister, has given his en
voy extended powers to satisfy the just
claims of the Pope. On this ground, Vic
tor Emmanuel, who is in principle a Ro
man Catholic from conviction, has found
himself, in accordance with his Minister,
who desires the separation from Church
and Btate. Bignor Torrello is to propose to
the Court of Rome, a customs convention,
a postal treaty, aud other combinations of
a strictly financial character. Silence will
be preserved ou both sides with respect to
politics; but there is a disposition, if Pius
IX asks for any guarantees of his indepen
dence, to grant them in as large a measure
as possible, in exchange for liberal con
cessions made to the Roman people.
A DELICATE. QUESTION.
Our Italian correspondent writes us that
General Fleury, the Emperor’s Aid-de-
Catnp, who has been sent to Florence to
interfere in matters appertaining to Italy,
lias touched, in conversation with the
Italian Ministers, upon the delicate ques
tion of the restitution to Francis I, of Na
ples, of his property. This act would be
in harmony with the engagement under
taken by Italy in its arrangement with
Austria to restore their properties to the
dispossessed Princes of the Peninsula;
but the General did not find matters well
prepared for a restitution of this nature. —
The Italian Ministers, who could not dis
pense with the consent of the Chambers
to such a measure, appear to apprehend a
check if they brought forward a bill for
the purpose, before the non-participation
of the ex-King of Naples in the stirring
up the brigandage should be clearly estab
lished. Baron Ricasoli and even the King
of Italy are said, besides, to be very little
inclined to make this restitution under the
present circumstances.
THE LAST FRENCHMAN IN ROME.
There now remain at Rome, absolutely,
only those Frenchmen who are required
to complete the accounts of the adminis
tration of the hospitals, in the same way
as French soldiers were left in Lombardy
after the war of 1859; and Austrians in
Veuetia after the completion of the ces
sion. Thus, there are no longer any for
eigners between the Pope and the Romans,
and the long talked of convention of the
15th of September, which has been the ob
ject of so many commentaries, more or
less violent, for the last twelve months,
has been executed to the letter. .
garibaldi at home.
The great Italian hero is now playing at
Cinciuatus in his island home, having
nothing to employ him. He has just ad
' dressed the following letter to the Italians :
“Caprera, Dec. 4, 1866.
Italians: Earl Russel is visiting Italy—
I remind my countryman that the illus
' trious statesman, in 1860, threw the power
ful voice of England into the balance of
' the destinies of our country, against those
i who wished to isolate the emancipating
I movement in Sicily. Thankstothat gener
ous feeling, the deliverance of the Neapoli
tan continent was facilitated, and the uni
ty of all the members of the Italian fami
ly, at present so happily reconstituted,
became possible. Give, therefore, to th
noble personage, a well merited expression
of gratitude. Q. Garibaldi.”
NEWS FROM BERLIN.
We hear from Berlin, that whatever
may be said to the contrary, the health
of the Prussian Minister occasions serious
uneasiness—four medical men of the first
eminence met iri consultation at Berlin
t'n .<■ days back. Were tbe malady not
oi a very gia-. < character sucii an appeal
to the greatest medical celebrities of Ber
lin and Vienna would certainly not have
been made.
THE FRENCH OPERA.
The Impressario of the French opera
convoked the members of the Orchestra
on Saturday to make arrangements for
giving, during the year 1807, six represent
ations weekly instead of four.
FLIGHT OF SINGERS.
The English and Prussians are constant
ly depriving us of our best singers. Mad
amoiselle Nilison, the charming night
ingale of the Theatre Lyrique, who cre
ated such a furore in the role of the
Queen of the Night in Mozart’s opera of
the Magic Flute , has been engaged for
London, so that we shall most likely have
to say farewell forever to this second Jen
nj’ Liud, It Is the same with
MADAMOISELLE MOKIO,
who has been singing with such success
at the La Seal a Theatre at Milan, and
who is now delighting the audiences of
the Koniqlutes Opera-house at Berlin. It
was hoped that her talents would have
been secured by the impresario of the
Grand Opera in Paris, but the direction
of the Italian Opera in London lias car
ried her off'. No doubt Madamoiseile
Morlo (luds “metal more attractive ” on
he other side of the channel.
Love one Another
Let each one strive with all his might
To be a decent man,
And love his neighbor as himself—
Upon the golden plan ;
Ami if his neighbor chance to be
A pretty female woman,
Why, love her all the more—you see
That’s only acting human.
Tlilck-SolrU Gaiters—Advice to I.adie*.
When the celebrated physician Aber
nethy died, report said that, besides a will
ot some interest to his heirs, in a pecuiary
point of view, there was found among his
effects a sealed envelope, said to contain
the secret of liis great success in the heal
ing art, and also a rule of living, the fol
lowing of which will iusure longevity.
A large price was paid for the sealed en
velope. It was found to coutain only
these words : “ To insurecontiuued health
and a ripe old age, keep the head cool, the
system open, and the feet warm.”
Dry feet are warm feet, generally, if the
system is healthy’. To keep the system
healthy, the circulation must be good.—
The circulation is not good without exer
cise, and exercise can only be really valua
ble when gotten up by walking. Riding
iua carriage is not exercise at all; it is
merely inhaling tbe air. This is very
well as far as it goi -, but Hie lungs are not
in full play without the individual is :
walking. Horseback exercise is very good,
and is an improvementon carriage riding,
but it is not the kind of health-creating
play of the muscles nature demands. It
is action—action of the entire body—and
walking only will procure it. Now, the
ladies of Europe, particularly those of
England, understand this thing. They
walk miles per day, and if any of our pale
beauties desire to know how'the English
keep up their flue color, clear complexion,
and supurb busts, we tell them that it is
out-door exercise, walking in the open air,
filling the lungs with pure oxygen by
rapid movement on a sharp October day,
wUu ti>u sun whluies brightly, and the
clear blowsky jg above. Tin's is the secret
of tbe rich blow! of the English women,
and their almost universal fine looks ami
matronly beauty at fifty, when at tfiat
age our American women are pale, sallow
and wrinkled.
To enjoy a walk thick soles are needed.
Stout, well-fitting calf-skin gaiters, neatly
laced, will always “set off” a pretty foot,
and improve a homely one. To guard
that sensitive portion of the human frame
i for the sole of the foot is keenly sensitive
to the changes from heat to cold, or dry--
ness to dampness,) the boot sole should be
thick, ami as well made as human ingen
uity can do it. Then even in moist weath
er, or in a rain storm, the foot can be pro
tected ; that insured, all is well with the
lady.
Ladies, walk more; take long walks;
get tired—uo matter how tired—tired
muscles in any well woman 18 to 40 only
proves tliat they need to be used ; flabby
muscles prove that action is wanted, and
such muscles also prove that the system
lacks tone They are like a violin with
the keys loose; the strings are without
vibration, and the instrument is dead.—
Buy-tiie best of calf boots, ladies; exer
cise in them tiil you are well enough to
go out, weil-clad in all weather. Wear
no rubbers, if you can avoid it. They are
bad for tbe feet. If you need to paddle in
the slush and soft snow- of spring, put on
rubbers, for the feet must be kept warm
and dry, but use them as little as possible.
Wear, when out of doors, double-soled
shoes; take all the open air exercise you
can by walking, and you will be, in your
old age, as fine looking as you are now ;
and morever, the next generation will he
as proud of you as the young fry of old
England of their stately mothers. We
have seen in Hyde Park, London, on a
fair day, hundreds of grand-mothers, and
scores of mothers with marriageable
daughters, which—had we been iu the
marrying line, we should hardly have
known which to have popped the question
to, so dazzling was the real beauty and
yout of both. Our American ladies can
possess these charms and carry- them into
the age of three score if they- wi.l walk
more in the open air, and inhale daily the
health-giving properties which can be ob
tained in wearing out a couple of pairs of
tiptop ten-doilar gaiters per year. We
hold that one ten-dollar pair of walking
shoes will save twenty Doctor’s visits at
live dollars each. Take your choice,
ladies.
Origin of Vegetables.— Garlic came '
from Sicily, where, for my part, I wish it
had stayed. Beans blossomed first within j
sight of embryo mummies, in the land of
the Sphynx ; and the egg plantjjirst laid j
its glossy treasures under the African sun, i
and Southern Europe gave the artichoke
and the beet. To Persia we stand indebted
for peaches, walnuts, mulberries and a
score of everyday luxuries and necessities ;
to Asia we owe the cultivation of spinach ;
and to Southern Europe we must bow in
tearful gratitude for the horse radish. At
Siberia the victims of modern intemper
ance may shake their gory locks forever—
lor from that cold, unsocial land came rye,
the father of that great fire-water river
which floated so many jolly souls on its
treacherous tides, and engulfed so many of
humanity’s treasure. The cliesnut, dear
to squirrels and young America, first
dropped its burs on Italian soil. Who
ever dreams, while enjoying his “Berga
motte,” his Flemish “Beauty,” or his
“Jargonelle,” that the pear blossom opened
within sight of the Pyramids? And what
fair school girl of the pickle-eating tribe
dreams of thanking the East Indies for
cucumbers?
Parsley—that prettiest of all pretty
greens, taking so naturally to our Ameri
can soil that it seems quite to tiie manor
born—is only a sojourner among us. Its
native home is Sardinia, or rather, there it
first secured an acquaintance with civilized
man. Onions, too, are only naturalized
foreigners in America. I had hoped that
in poetic justice research would prove this
pathetic bulb to have sprung from the
land of Niofae. But no, Egypt stretches
forth her withered hand and claims the
onion as her own ! Maize and potatoes,
thank Heaven ! cun mock us with no for
eign pedigree. They are ours- ours to
command, to have and tohold, Iron time’s
beginning to its ending, though England
and Ireland bluster over “corn” and “pra
ties” till they are hoarse.
Vol. LIX, No. 4G.
Indian Cotton.
The importance and magnitude of the
efforts In different parts of the Eastern
hemisphere during the progress of the
late war in the United States to develops
the growth of cotton in that quarter, is
significantly shown by the notice taken of
them on the other side of the Atlantic.
A friend placed in our hands a short time
since a paper published in Manchester,
England, devoted to the subject of cotton
culture, which proposes to lay before its
readers the best and most reliable data
and information that can be obtained in
regard to the present culture, as well as j
the future probable value of that great st i- !
pie. It recognizes in India a formidable i
competitor to the {Southern American !
States in the growth of cotton, and after!
enumerating some of the advantages
which the former possesses, places them
in contrast with impediments which,
since the war, have supervened in the
; latter. The writer assumes that if tiie
production of cotton in India was profita
ble when its value in the Liverpool mar
ket was only -hi. per pound, and the diffi
culties and cost of transjxirtation were
gn-ater than they are now, ttiat more than
double tins price, which it commands at
present, will ensure its cultivation to a
much larger extent in a very brief period.
Jle argues also in this connection, urul we
think pertinently, that the present condi
tion of the South, its incapacity for pro
ducing the former large crops, and the tax
of three cents per pound which lias ne
.emulated a rn«thod of collection which
, seriously impedes the movement of the
crop and embarrasses the planters in their
operations, may lie regarded with certain
ty as guaranteeing to the cotton growers
of India and elsewhere on the Eastern
Continent ample remuneration as the re
sult of the curtailment of production in
America. Other reasons are recited also
for expecting a diminished production of
cotton in the Southern States, as compared
with the quantity grown before the war;
and among them is the reorganization of
society and of the relations of labor—that
tiie number of horses, mules and eattle in
the Southern States.is now about forty per i
cent. lesi than in IB6o—that the transport j
system, both on land and water, is still
very far from being restored to its former
efficiency, and that tiie prices of labor,
and all implement* and products and ani
mals are now double what they were pre
vious to tiie war: which is certainly true,
and involves at least double cost in the
growing of cotton, whilst credit, so essen
i tial to production, shows a very tardy re
cuperation.
i With regard to India, the writer states
that the prostration of energy and enter
prise winch resulted from the tyrannical
swayof the East India Company, is giving
away under the new system of ruie—that
tiie people of that country are recovering
confidence in Europeans; and having bet
ter chances of securing to themselves the
rewards of their industry, they are more
disposed to cultivate the'iand and to en
gage in productive and trading pursuits i
generally. Other marked changes favora- j
ble to an increasing production are speci
fied, which tend still further to develope
. the spirit of enterprise and to encourage
renewed exertions. He endeavors to make
it appear, and we will not say unsuacess
fully, that the same causes and influences I
are producing like effects in other parts of j
the East, and in South America, which j
have valuable opportunities open and j
available, and of which advantage will be !
taken to the utmost in order to establish ,
a permanent and remunerative cotton J
tiade with tiie manufacturing cominuni- j
ties.— Savannah New*.
(“Round Dances.” —An Ecclesiastical
Blast Against Them.
I Tiie Baltimore Episcopal Methodist has
an article on the subject of the condem
nation, by the Plenary Council of the
Catholic Church, of certain fashionable
dances. Tiie “ Methodist” takes sides
with the Council in the discussion that
lias ensued. We quote :
J “ Nor are we ignorant of round dances
as practiced now. We have observed
them at Saratoga night after night, until
we Knew ail we wished to .know about
them. An old doctor accustomed for
> marry v*ari to *%»the unvarfilshei! s/Vfe of
of society, is not likely to be over-prudish
and fastidi ous about corporeal exhibitions;
but if Esculapious had lived until now lie
would not have thought it ptoper to look
at the phenomena of the polka, as we saw
them at Saratoga, except as a permitted
study in animal physiology or moral pa
thology. The young ladies who were
handled and swung about there night af
ter night may have been perfectly inno
cent of ail evil—Ave trust they were—but, :
if we were young and marriageable again, j
we would no more think of seeking one of
them for a wife than we would select a
show-cake in a confectioner’s window for '
home consumption. It might he a Very
good cake, but then the association of I
the ideas of purity with public exposure |
and irreverent handling has a natural
difficulty In it, so great that, from what
we have heard fall from gay gentlemen,
even the practice of the polka does not j
ov< reome it.
; We know the defence against it. We
are entirely familiar with “ Jloni so if qui
mat >/peruse but the motto of the garter
is said to have originated under circum
stances that contradicted its philosophy,
and its use is commonly true to its origin.
It is well tohave a pure imagination, but
to have one purged of common sense is
not laudable. The mind that can perceive
no evil tendencies in things not positive
breaches of the commandments is not on
ly pure, but stupid. The Cordeliers have
a legend that when St. Francis saw a
young man stealthily kissing a maiden,
he raised his hands to Heaven and return
ed thanks to God that there was sd much
Christian charity in the world. The saint
was so pure that he could imagine no im
pulse to kissing but Christian sympathy,
and discern no spirit in it but elevated re
ligious devotion. Now, we confess that
we are not pure enougli to he stone-blind.
,We arc not to be “ honi soul" out of our
senses and a knowledge of human nature.
We do not think that polkaiug has a pow
er to steady the reason, and that waltzing
gives a paralytic vertigo to animal nature,
or that the German shuffles the intellect
into a region of pure elevation inaccessi
ble to the passions. We do not think that
gross improprieties are harmless because
they are fashionable. We think of a
waltz much as Byron did, who was not a
Puritan. The opinion of the Catholic
Council deserves great weight from the
.fact that it is based upon the information
; obtained in the confessional, from one end
of the country to the other. The effect of
these dances upon the nffnd and morals
j with us, is an inference; with them, it is a
disclosure; and we do not know how its
J weight is to be resisted by tiie votaries of
l the fashion.
The Impeachment Project. —The ]
House Judiciary Committee have decided !
to invite Mr. Ashley to appear before j
them and state liis giounds for preferring j
charges of impeachment against the Pres- j
ident. The pressure against the impeach
ment project is very great, and remon
strances are pourir in from all quarters
by maii and teiegn.ph. The vote is by no
means regarded as indicative that the
House will support the charges made; ou
tliecontrary the belief is quite the other
way. Several Republicans who voted to
send the project to the Judiaiary Commit
tee have since stated that they did so as
the surest and quickest’way of getting rid
of it.
Hard on the New York Lawyers.—
A Paris correspondent, writes as follows :
Lamirande, who robbed the Bank of
Poitiers, in France, and escaped to New
York, lias been tried at Poitiers and con
demned to ten years of dungeon— a more
infamous condemnation than that to hard
labor. On the trial many interesting in
cidents occurred. Here is one of them:
He said that he had a large sum of money
when he was arrested at Yew York, and
the lawyers who ivere engaged to defend
him took it, and were to have 56,000 francs
for their services, and then were to hand
the balance back. “Did they do it?” said
the Judge. “No, they only gave me back
of the whole sum 20,000 francs.” What
did they do with the balance?” “They
kept it probably.” “And they w r ere law
yers?” “Yes.” “Oh,” added the Judge,
“they were New York lawyers!”
A bill of fare published in the Savaunah
Advertiser announces green peas among
the “entrees.”
DAILY JOURNAL and MESSENGER.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES.
DAILY one Ob
do three Months.....—. 250
If subscribers do not pay at commencementot
quarter, full rates of 81 a month will be charved,
W KKKLY 8X1)00 a year In advance.
ADVERTISING RATES as low as any
in the city.
Immigration to Georgia.
In an article upon negro emigration
recently, we were made to -ay “two
thirds” the old negro population had emi
grated from Monroe eounty. We wrote,
: or intended to write, ** one-third ,” and for
: this statement we were indebted to a high
ly intelligent citizen of the county, who
j gave it as the general opinion of intelligent
■ citizens of Monroe. We apprehend there
1 is no doubt among thinking men in Geor
gia, that our laboring negro population is
diminishing very fast from this ami other
causes, and that some active measures are
nece-sary to prevent that dreadful paraly
sis of every social, pecuniary and indus
trious interest which results from a dimin
ishing population. Hardly any thing can
he worse for a country. It makes property
umaleable. It undermines all values and
interests. It makes trade sickly—dispirits
and unnerves the people, srnd surrounds
j every public and private interest with the
! odor and atmosphere of decay.
Sensible of the impending danger-, the
City Councils of several towns in Geor
gia have taken some etepi hxikir.g to the
encouragement of Northern and Foreign
immigration to our State ; but it seems to
j us so cleat, as to be ueeiiijas to aevue, that
the isolated efforts 1 of these bodies, with
I their very limited resources, will result in
j nothing important. Toe object must be
■ pursued with intelligence, energy, and per
! sisteuce —by means of a system of well
| devised agencies and at considerable ex
penditure of money. Tbe facts, as induce
ments to colonization, must be properly
collected and appropriately set forth in dif
ferent languages, and diffused among the
populations of Europe. There must he
agents at our own, and at prominent Euro
pean ports, active in furnishing informa
tion, counsel and assistance, and we must
voluntarily inaugurate here, through the
Bureau, measures to put our lands in
market at rates which will tempt pnreha
j sers and settlers. It will be greatly to tiie
advantage of every large land-holder, to
part with a portion of his proj erty at low
I rates, in order to enhance the marketable
value and demand of the remainder, and
the Bureau of Immigration should a>-t to
some extent asa Land Office. At til events,
it should be possessed of full information
in reference to lands in market, ami the
price of them.
It is clear enough that to start the cur
rent of immigration to Georgia will be a
work of too much time, labor and expense,
to look for its accomplishment by mere
private enterprise; audits character, ne
cessity and universal importance, both to
the people and the State, make it properly
a work to be undertaken by tbe State gov
ernment. The best minds and business
capacities should be interested in it, and it
should be a matter of atmual appropriation
and supervision by the Legislature.
When once tne tide of immigration bad
fairly set in, it would, in a great measure,
regulate and sustain itself. Every immi
grant becomes an inducement to another.
The ties of kindred, friendship and ac
quaintance become strong attractions,
reaching to the remotest bounds of our
own continent, and across the wide ocean.
Tiie official publications of a Bureau w ill
then be superseded by private letters, car
rying the tidings of comfort, prosperity
and success. Thus, while it is hard to
begin the work, when once begun, it be-
I comes more easy and self-sustaining with
: every step of p r ogress, and at length it
> might attain the gigantic frropoMatisr erf
the great Western immigration from
Europe, which, in the affluence and inde
pendence of its volume, may be compared
to their own great river.
Thousands of reports upon Western re
sources, and the ease with which life is sup
ported there, cross the ocean with every
steamer in private letters from immigrants,
and there is scarcely a post-office or neigh
borhood in Europe, which is uot reached
by these representations from kindred and
friends who emigrated to the great West,
and monthly scud ou their reports of pro
gress, with now and theu a remittance, to
the loved ones in the old country.
Is it not a matter of the gravest public
importance to Georgia, to begiu at once a
system of measures which may lead to
sipjilar results here ? We have no time to
wait on fortune. It is not even a question
of the mere rate of progress, as it is with
the new States. We must rouse ourselves
to prevent positive retrogression and de
cay. t
The Macon & Brunswick Railroad.
It gives us much pleasure (says the
Brunswick Courier of the 4th) to be able
to announce that the President of the
above named road, lias purchased forty
three miles of iron, enough to lay the
track to No. 7, or the “initial point" on
the Savannah & Gulfß. R. This takes
the last prop from the croakers, who have
always prophesied that the road would
never be built. First, they said the hill
granting State aid to the road would not
lie passed. Next, they declared that the
Governor would veto the bill, and lastly,
that the unsettled condition of the coun
try would prevent capitalists from invest
ing in Southern securities. Each one of
these arguments have in succession been
answered, and we now have a road bed
for forty-three miles, (with the exception
of seven miles of light grading) waiting
for the iron—the first cargo of which will
be landed here in sixty days from this
time, and the balance as it is needed. We
congratulate our people upon this result,
and we congratulate the President of the
road, Mr. Geo. H. Hazlehurst, upon his
success in effecting this negotiation at
such au unpropitious season. It only
goes to prove that what we said in our
first issue was true—“ that he was the
; right man in the right place.” W’e are
glad to see, too, that all old prejudices are
laid aside, and that all parties are deter
mined to aid and support him in carrying
on tins important work. W’e hope too,
that before the first rail is laid, we may
hear that the iron has been purchased for
the entire line. Col. Robertson, the En
gineer of this Division is here, and vigor
ously pushing the survey, which will be
completed in a very lew days. As will be
seen by reference to another column, pro
posals are invited for the grading, track
laying, crossties, &c, to be decided upon
in Macon, on the 10th instant.
Central Railroad and Banking
Company. —An election for nine Directors
of this institution was held on W r ednesday
at the banking house in this city. Twen
ty-six thousand seven hundred and sixty
one shares were represented, and the fol
lowing gentlemen, constituting the old
Board, were re-elected, viz: Messrs. Wm.
M W’adley, J. F. Gilmer, Andrew Low,
John R. Wilder, Wm. B. Johnston, John
Cunningham, George W. Wylly,Edward
Padeford, and James J. Waring. The
Board will meet this (Thursday) morning
for the choice of a President. —Savannah
News.
Mr. W’adley was subsequently re-elected
President.
At the recent funeral of a clergyman in
i Orange, the sermon which the deceased
: had prepared to preach on the very day ot
' his sudden death, was laid ou his coffin.