Newspaper Page Text
Georgia Journal & Messenger.
J. W. Hl'ltKi: A. »*roprtemi-».
A. W. liKIAh. ,
>. KOSK, I Eitilor*.
SATURDAY, DEC. 12, 1868.
L\I\KR-ITY OF (IKORCIIA
We announced yesterday, the election
of three new Professors iu this time-hon
ored Institution. A word as to their an
tecedents and fitness for the stations to
which they ura called, would seem appro
priate.
Hou. H. Stephens is so w >ll known
to the State, the South, the entire Union,
that it is work of supererogation to intro
duce him. He is the nun lor the place,
and the place tits the man exactly. A
Professor.-idp of History and Political
Science, and A. H. Stephens the Profes
sor, blend together in perfect harmony,
without the slightest jar or pressure. We
congratulate the University upon so In
valuable au acquisition, anti the youth of
the whole countrv, upon thetr good for
tun in securing such an instructor. Now,
more than ever, the philosophy of His
tory and knowledge of politics, deduced
from the teachings of History, need to bo
studied by all our youth ; for we are now
passing through .the trials consequent up
on revolution and civil war, and unit**
the laud-mark* of true political Science
are raised on iiigii by the hands of a mas
ter mind like that of Mr. Stephen*, every
thing valuable is in danger of oblivion
from tho Hood that swells around us.
- Charles Morris, elected to the chair
or tjelles L.euretail.i omtory, Isa 3T7i>
ter of Arts of ilia University of Virginia,
at one time Law Professor of William and
Mary College Virginia, a gentleman of
the highest culture iu literature,of retined
manners, iu the prime of life, and of ripe
experience iu the noble art of teaching.
He lias enjoyrd the great advantage of
culture in Kit rope, is descended from one
of tlie best families of tho Old I) uninlon,
and ranks to-day among the first citizens
of that .State.
Dr. Morgau J. Sinead, now of Mont
gomery, Alabama formerly •!' William
and Mary College, Virginia, where he long
taught with great success, was made a
Doctor of Philosophy, and a Master of the
line Arts, by tlie Uuiversity of Leipsie, in
Germany, in 184 s. He is a man of exten
sive acquirement and great erudition, and
a ripe classical scholar. He edited an
edition of the Ist 2d and ltd Phillpics of
Demosthenes in Greek, with copious notes
by himself, which has been used ns a text
book in many of the oldest and best col-
leges of the United States. He is a perfect
master of French, German, Spanish and
Italian.
We congratulate the people of Georgia
upon tlie action of the Hoard of Trustee*
of her own University, and we trust- that
the time is past forever when her children
need go beyond her limits for a lltor nigh
education.
There is no extra charge lor tuition in
anything, but a student cau acquire any
or all the modern languages without ad
ditional fee or reward. One hundred dol
lars covers the entire expense per annum,
of tuition, binary fee, servants hire, and
lire wood for recitation rooms, etc., etc.
We expect to see hundreds added to the
Matriculates of tlie University by the im
petus thusgivert it. The name oft Stephens,
uloue, will greatly swell their numbers.
Again, we congratulate the Trustees,
the friends of the University, and the
people of the State, upon the flattering
prospect.
V FF \ HIM IV gkohcia.
Yesterday morning the delegates appointed In
the late Convention of colored men of (jeoriiiii. ai
med iu tlie city, far tlie purpose of hearing t!i»
memorial to Congress which was adopted hv ttic
Convention. The delegation eonsi-i* of HOll-.
.1. M. Simms, 11. M. Turner, andT. J. Co-tin, tlirsr of
the members expi-Lh-d front the Georgia l.ecielatiire
for the yn*» » --u.u,,f IWi < ->i»te«i. 'Cliey re*
port utfiurs iu their Statu iu a miserable condition,
und wholly attributable to the illegal sud revolu
tionary measures inaugurated by the General A--
vrinhlv of that State. —-1 Yoxhini/lon Chmiiiei*, it/i.
It is by the testimony of such worthless
vagabonds as these, bucked up by tho
lying affidavits of men like Blodgett ft rd
who have run the scale of political and
personal infamy, that the grave question
«f Georgia’s ntati/.i is so be determined.
V/hat sort of patience, much less tolera
tion, cun au indignant people have (or
those revolutionists of a higher grade, as
to color and intelligence, than these black
lazzaroni, who arc seeking, for the wick
edest purposes, to undo their own work,
aud involve the State in countless woes?
We see that Sumner's bill contemplates
making Governor Bullock military dicta
tor. Cau any sane man doubt tbe conse
quence* of such a step'.’ Does Governor
Bullock suppose that there cau be any
peace, any progress, any prosperity, any
thing, iu short, but blood, and death, and
ruin, when such a bill becomes a law?
We do not know that he has inspired this
atrocious measure, but if he has, and It is
put upon the statute book, he seals Geor
gia’s doom. We appeal to him to pause
in this horrid work. We ask it in the
name of every interest it put* in such
deadly jeopardy ; in the iiameof reason and
justice, of common sense and common
humanity, of every woman, aim helpless
child, of every home and hearthstone in
Georgia. We will not threaten, because
threats suit neither our taste nor temper,
nor the exigencies of so awful a crisis.
We would divest our hearts of every spark
of passion, and speak only the words that
seem to us nio*l befitting to induce calm
judgment and wise action. We believe
that legislation, such a* Sntuner proposes,
will light the torch amt unsheath the
sword in Georgia. We are willing to do
almost anything, and make almost any
sacrifice, to avert such a catastrophe, and
therefore we make this appeal. Woe to
those who spurn it’. Their condemnation
will surely and swiftly come, and in its
fire* they will ta*te of what they seek to
make our portion !
LABOR \M» POLITICS.
A correspondence appears in a late issue
of the Charleston .Vcics, between T. Htobo
Farrow, ol Spartanburg, and tlie Demo
cratic State Executive lAmmitteeof South
Carolina, iifwtQ this subject.
Mr. Farrow wishes to know the opinion
of Die Committee upon the policy of not
employing for tho ensuing year negroes,
n* latM*r*-rs, who have voted the Radical
ticket, and it it would not Ist best to urge
a lenient and forbearing spirit, so as to
save, II possible, those negroes so voting
who did so through ignorance, or under
threats of violence.
Tlie tom mil tee answer as follows:
I'oi.t mhu. TV<-nnlier Till, tsoa
To Cut. T. Ht"bo Fafroio:
Slit Iu reply to ycur communication, vt have
lire honor, respectfully, to indicate our conciir
rtruer in Hu- view* therein expressed. Tin quo
tion is one which, in onr opinion, should In-deft
for every citizen ta* in the Northern Nate-aud
elsewherei to decide for himself. Whii-t it i* tlie
undoubted right of every mau to regulate the cui
ploTuient of iiie labor, we hope that a liberal policy
will tie pursued, as the one necessary to be carried
out towards the laboring classes of our community
We cannot but express the hope that this question
may excite uo difference of opinion, hut that itiuav
be dealt with ill a spirit that -Imil rvetvjtiise it
once the right* of the employe and at the same time
promote the peace, industry and prosperity «f tin
btate f\ hile the State f Tub lm» peraistenly refused
to act on the matter, as in no sense, a pur tv one*-
lion, neverlheleaa, in the capucin of the F.xecutivc
* orunartttee, we venture again to repeat om ap
pjroval of the sentiment evpre-aed in tour letter.
Very res|*-etfnlly,
•Io». It IMEI. Pope..
•f. P. Thomas,
F. VV. McMastek,
W. M. Shannon.
W. B. Stani.kv
Weouoia Almanac* for ISCB—for sale by J, W
Jfurke Jt Cos. See ad-ortisement.
“THE HF.fM I.Tt4 OF FIRMING."
Messrs. Editors:—An article in Sun
day’s TtleyrtXfjh, taken from tbe Coving
ton Rcamince, upon the results of farming,
reads and up so ridiculously to
men who know anything about the busi- |
ness, that the writer may congratulate i
himself upon having failed to sign his j
name to his article, and not having work
ed but two mule*,"lf that is fiis style of j
farming, a* lie certainly would have
ed hia reputation aa a fanner aud finan
cier.
In the first place, he sells his cotton for
13 cents, while other people get from 20 to
[2Sceuts. He put* itt only 400 pounds to
the Im c—ought to have put in 500 pounds.
Hconlyeti tivales4-3acres with two mules.
, Most pi inters make one mule cnitivate
i4O to 4-5 acres. lie hires bis mules at S3O j
! each, and pays interest on what they cost
besides. And tlicit let somebody steal lii*
fodder, peas, potatoes and cotton seed, as
he says nothing alrouf them. He hired
his bands low enough, fortunately, other-
wise his experience in fanning would
have been very disastrous, and would
probably have produced a panic among
planters in Newton county.
We have someone and two horse farm
ers in Hou Lb- tV est Georgia. I will give
you the result of tlu* year’s operations of
one of them, and a negro at that. His
success may have been partly accidental,
as one of bis horses died early in the
Spring, and he cultivated his crop mainly
with the hoe, which many farmers con
tend is ilie better plan. Also, observe
that lie paid nearly ten dollars per acre
rent for land:
Ifrjught Dya o| 4 _ hoc*™, in Marcj^^
Rented SO acres of land for seven
bales of cotton, worth now 700 00
Paid for farm tools ““ 50
Food for horses 105 00
Food for self 00 00
Paid for hireof hand*, cotton pick
er*. ami their feed 105 00
Incidentals estimated at so 00
*1,212 50
Ur.
By 25 hales cotton, worth $2,500 on
By 00 bushels corn, worth 00 00
By 2,000 pounds fodder 20 00
By horse ou baud (55 00
By 800 bushels cotton seed 100 00
By farm tools 10 00
By Peas and Potatoes 20 00
*2,805 00
Deduct 1,212 50
I’roftts $1,652 50
Mcualoouh kk.
Amrricm, /><-#•, 7, 180s.
THE AMERICAN Ot»l> FELLOW ,
\ Monthly Magazine for tlie Fraternity ami tlie
Home Circle. New York: John \V. Orr, Kb
.Nassau Street. $2 per year.
We have received the December issue of
this widely-circulated publication, and
notice among its varied contents many
vnltiaide contributions; among them:
Ttte Misanthrope’s Dreatn—a graphic and !
thrilling story of tho Great West; How
Our Ancestor* Lived ; Gems of Odd Fel
lowship ; Memories of American Authors;
Casuals ; The Risiug Generation ; Mutual
Benefit Societies; Odd Fellows’ Hail, San
Kraucisco, Cal., illustrated; Grand Lodge
Visitations; Ladies’ Department; An Odd
Fellow Abroad; OtllclnlCommunications ;
Correspondence; Odd Fancies; Poetry;
Miscellany, Ac., Ac.
IMPORTANT TO COTTON I’LOTtißn.
Thf Cot tun Worm.
We commend the following, extracted
from the Selma (Ala.) Timex and Me wet i
r/cr, of the 51 It ns taut, to the attention of
eottou planters in this section, and would
be pleased to receive from t hem any in
formation they may be able to triveon this
important subject:
The Cotton Worm.—Ttii» scourge «e?im to in
c res sc in virulence from year to year. It is ex port
ed with Llic regularity *i the » -.isou. 11 - early ap
poaruue' nt numbers i-» frrl.nl 1" 1 1...
iron Its ifc--emee :>l <iv : v, .m. i4roi->. a»
A.-i~ , Ite It tile crop ■ 11 It meiti
oils have tiveii tdi-visa-tl foi protection against It.
80 far, everything done to prevent il* appearance
or to check it- ravages, has been in rain. Tin ts
J« danger that in a few year* it will destroy th
cultivation of cotton altogether.
A few weeks ago, no published a statement from
a Texas paper that the agg was deposited iu tin
stalk of the plant, where It remained until the
proper season, protected again-t its enemies, then
to appear upon its mission of destruction, and that
to gather up closely and burn the dry stalk- in the
fall ami winter would necessarily destroy them.
Yesterday nr- saw, iu the counting room of
Messrs. Hardee A Robinson, proof of the correct
nes* of this theory. There were the dry -talk-.
On the surface wa- the -ear left, when the eggs
were deposited. ln»ir|e, in the. pith of the stalks,
were the eggs in some places, and in others worm
tdready emerged from the egg, and feeding upon
the-oft part of the -talk surrounding them
\Ye pro nine «ny planter can have abundant
proof of the theory in question. He ha? only to
took for it in tire -talk- in his cotton tield.
Thi- matter appear* to n» worthy of attention.-
If tlie. egg i- deposited in the -talk and thus pre
served and warmed into life and sustained through
tlie winter, lire is the remedy beyond question.
Gen. Joseph F. Johnston.—We were
honored yesterday by a call from thi* dis
tinguished soldier and patriot, who is iu
Macon on a business visit. He is the Gen
eral Agent for the Liverpool, London and
Globe Fire Insurance Company, and also
for tbe New York LIL Insurance Compa
ny, for ttte States of Georgia and Ala
bama, ami is on a tour through our
Ktate for the purpose of establishing agen
cies, an-l bringing; to favorable notice tlie
merits of these institution*. Both are old,
well known, wealthy, and eminently
reliable corporations. Thurston Bloom.
Esq., has been appointed agent at this
place fur the lat ter Company.
We are gratified to learn from General
J. that he has determined to make Geor
gia his home, and will soon take up his
residence at Savannah. We are sure our
people will be proud lo call him fellow
citizen, and to give hitu that cordial wel
come lie so pre-eminently deserves at their
hands and in their hearts.
“Sumter.”—We cannot see the proprie
ty of publishing your eulogy of Judge
McKay, in the Journal ami Messenger.
As lie ha* never t>een made the special ob
ject of attack through it-columns, wc do
not sec what obligation n sta upon its con
ductor* to subordinate them to his defence.
We teil you, frankly, that, iu our honest
opinion, lie has shined again-t tlie people
of this State past forgiveness, and until he
bring* forth fruit* meet for repentance,
doe* not deserve anything but condemna
tion at llu-ir hands. He may be a true
friend, good neighbor, etc., but be is not a
good ••ifizt n, as we understand tlie mean
ing of tbe word. That fact ho vever, we
beg mo*! respectfully to inform you, w ill
not bar your communication from publi
cation in any of the official organ* of liis*
party. We hold it subject to your order.
t <•
Heavy Uorhfrv. —We learn from the
Chroiiieb ,t- i ntiiir', of yesterday, that on
Wednesday night last, a stranger stopped
at trie House of Air. Je*se Dalton, living
near Union Foint, on tlie Georgia Rail
road, and asked to slay all uigbt, which
request was granted. The next morning
the guest was missing, and with him a box
containing 810,000 in gold, which Mr. D.
had concealed in tlie house.
The thief ha* not been captured.
.
The .Southern Cultivator —We wel
come, with increasing cordiality, the
monthly visits of Ibis invaluable agricul
tural journal, its table of contents over
flow* with matter* of moment to every
farmer aud housekeeper in the country.
There is no better way to commence tbe
uew year, no better prelude to it*
practical and successful employment than
by ber-oming a regular subscriber and
reader. s*eud $2 to Win. and W. G.
Jones, Athens, Ga., and do it right away.
G EORGIA .TOUT? NA L AN D M ESSEN GER.
MONDAY DEC. 14, 1868
UOLII FOK COTTON.
'J he Mobile Kei/ixter's special eorrespon
dent from Cincinnati inform* that paper
tha tlie question of gold currency for the
South figured conspicuously in the Na
tional Board of Trade Convention in that
city; that it found a bold and aide advo
cut" in Mr. Kurw*el#a New Orleans dele
gals-, and had produced a marked sensa
tion with the press of that city. Tbe
Northern patters have studiously ignored
this subject, but Die Register thinks there
is abundant evidence to prove that it is
heiu*; pondered with anxious solicitude in
commercial aud financial circles. New
Yoik letters to Southern hanker* and
agent* are making anxiou* inquiries on
the subject, and there is a particular so
licitude to kiiovv if it be true that planter*
are putting away tlie avails of their cqop*
in ;.old at home or sterling abroad. They
can get hut one truthful answer to the
query, for the affirmative answer is noto
riously aud almost uuexeepliouubly tlie
correct one. And these individual depos
it* :ue the solid foundations that are being
laid for Die resumption of specie payment*
for cotton, and in uli tlie business trans
actions of tha South. It is impossible that
au impregnable principle of p ditieal
economy, Die recognition of which bear*
eo furcibly and direcily on every interest
of i-outhern trade and industry, can long
lie resisted.
View it in whatever phase you please,
the temptation to Die (South to seize ui*»n
and utilize this great idea is irresistible.
Banish paper money from circulation and
buudlv it- .dace « H !• <xi.lil mij.l )U« ,-uutli
changes place with tile North and becomes
the capitalist section. We shall imme
diately discover a change of demeano • to
waids a people ami a section that wield
the “Almighty Dollar”—for that dollar is
king, if cotton is not. It would give tlie
South a status that would tell powerfully
on lire improvement of lierjpofiticai con
dition. A people Independent of Wall
street, free from debt, and with their bank
vaults and private pockets crammed with
hard cash, and the master of Die commod
ity Dint governs the exchanges of the coun
try, are just in Ihe situation to rise in the
consideration a-.d esteem of another peo
ple I hut now rules them with a rod of iron.
The ceremony of lial touching would be
reversed. It would stimulate direct trade
with other gold countries, for it would
enable tis to deal directly with those coun
tries iu the exchange of commercial com
modities, instead of by the roundabout
way, and through the fluctuating medium
of paper currency in New York. It would
draw us to the gold of the North, a* well
Europe. It would give a powerful impulse
to immigratien. aud a consequent appre
ciation of tire value of bands and city prop
erty. And it would cm Die gordiun'.knot
of (Southern commercial independence,
which has been the rirentuof the Bouth for
so many years. Tire question bears the
most searching semtinv. Intelligent
men who scouted the idea when we first
broached it, are now its most enthusiastic
advocates since they have looked into it,
and are amazed that they did not see it in
all it* fruitful and vitalizing bearings be
fore. _
• Correapondeaee Journal amt Mesaeuger; |
LETTER FROM ALABAMA.
Mr. Editor: 1 write from tbe nour
ishing little village of Greenville, in But
ler county, Alabama. T his is one of tbe
richest portions of tbe (State. <Juile a
number of enterprising merchant* have
settle I here, aud are engaged In the cotton
trade. Tire town is situated on ihe Mobile
and Montgomery itailrotid, about forty
live miles below Montgomery, and some
of the eottou goes to Savannah via Macon,
while the balance goes to Mobile.
This jr the seat of the session of Mont
gomery Conference of the M. li. Church,
S Mil i>. The Cuuwrirr i'4(,lf-Wl-fl CVfl*
by Bisisop McT.veirc.
I he citizen* of this county are about to
lie placed under martial iaw by the Legis
lature now in session. This i* caused by
the ejection from this town of the Judge
of Probate of the county. He had ren
dered himveif quite obnoxious to Die citi
zen* by hi* adhesion to Radicalism. He
wa* notified that lie must leave-—he did
so—but when a military company was
sent here, lie came back, aud was a second
time dii ven out. He went to Montgomery,
and now propose* to get his revenge by
placing the citizens of the county outside
the pale of civil law. It is due to mauy of
tho law-abiding citizen* here to sty that
they did not approve of the summary
manner in which the Judge t?> was treat
ed. The Presiding Elder of this District,
Rev. J. B. Cottrell, preached a sermon
here, strongly denouncing tho mob spirit,
aud tending to restore order. While he
trad no sympathy with theexpelled Judge,
he believed as all good citizens do, and lie
taught the people that, they ought to “ be
subject to the powers that he.”
On my trip l met a man going to the
far West. He was moving from Crawford
county to Texas. He seemed to think it
was he-t. His family consisted of a wife
and an aged mother und a little colored
servant girl. They had relatives in Texas,
and were going to join them. He asked
me if any copies of the Journal and
Messenger were taken in Texas. I told
him I did not know of any. Ho replied,
“ I know of one,” his brother in Texas.
He said his father had taken it for mauy
years, and that he expected to have it sent
to trim as soon as he settled. I found
all along theroiite friends of tliis old paper.
Jt lias many warm friends, and It* circu
lation both weekly and daily is increas
ing.
Travelers coming West from Macon
will find a through ear, which leaves (Ma
con at 7 o’clock a. m., and without change,
lauds Diem at Montgomery nt 8 r m. I
had Die pleasure of making this trip with
George Dasher, on the South western Rail
road to Columbus, and C. JL. B. Marsh, to
Montgomery. They are model conductors,
and any railroad wilt be popular with such
gentlemanly conductors. B.
ilnw klun>flic.
Thr local, who visited Haivkinsvillc on the ex
cursion train last, week, lias been reminded that ho
committed an error in bis notice of it, by mention
ing* Cotton Warehouse, us occupied by “Oliver A
Hamilton." These arc tin* names on the sign ad.
joining it, and lie hud a few words In it with Mr.
Oliver, supposing him lo be an occupant. But
such mistakes may be excusable, in a hasty visitant,
with regard t<» men who have no signs, and do not
advertise in the newspapers. The writer will make
amend of hi* error by saving that It is occupied by
Clark A: Davis. He ha* been delayed in this, in
consequence of a few da\a absence, and hopes that
the warehouse na» not suffered by it.
To this mistake, the writer may claim as a set oil
to the citi/eti* of Ttawkiiuville, that a few years
since they iwiieved its nuuie was derived from a
worthless vagabond who had been u frontier set
tler of that vicinity, and were about to have its
name changed to one of more reputable origin.
On a similar visit at that time, in giving publicity
to hi* notes, he mentioned it* true origiu—that is,
that it was named after Col. Benjamin Hawkins,
and from whom Fort Hawkins also derived its
name. He was the United States Agent for the
Creek Indian* for many years, and so highly es
teemed by them, that they gave him, in their na
tive language. th« name. of “Indians’ Friend.’’
Since that time we think that the citizen* have
been satisfied w ith the name of their placs.
—Louisville has a matrimonial agency.
The fee is five Hollars, with a subsequent
payment of five cent, upou your property '
wben married. As In the income tax,
SIOOO is exempted but applicants of that
value don’t get so large a choice Tbe
agent is tnakiug matches wl h great suc
cess.
I From the Cincinnati Enquirer, “fit.!
TERRIBLE RIKVBTEIt
Ahmil Feriy Ltves Lost—The Pride of the t\ esterii
Waters Ho More—The Wail Line hir fl| >»ert» Amer
ica and (Jolted fetatc* Boaf.a i-ol- .
tide aud are Wrecked and Partic
ular*.
One of the most terrible calamit ies which
ever occurred ou Western water* happened j
about 12 o’clock on Friday rtitrht, near
Warsaw, Kentucky, about sixty-five
miles from Cincinnati. The "United
Blaies,” of the Louisville mail fine, struck
Lite “America” upon her bow, ami in a j
moment it I most. both vessel* were the •
scene of death iu it* most appalling shape.
Tim river, w here the catastrophe occurred,
is uearlyWor quite equal in breii ilh to the
distance between Uinrlnmdi and Goviug
tmt. Loth boats were heavily laden, and
crowded by passengers of both sexes aud
all ages. A part of Die cargo ■ 4 the United
Htate* consisted of petroleum, ranged in
barrels uomi Die deck, und immediately
after lhe collision Dio coals Jivim the fur- 1
naco reached the oil, aud tint vessel was
enveloped in llames. The tught wa*
■dnrk. Tlie women and the children were
peacefully sleeping. Tim cool water quiet
ly’ lapped Die sides of tho steamers, but in
an instant all was changed. Tongues of
fire leaped from deck to deck, and to add
to the horror the river was uovered with
.« sea of 11amo. It seems an almost unnat
ural combination of horrors, but when the
gloom of the night was eispelled, the
frightened passengers lias ily and half
clad, rushing Irotu the cartitis, saw all
around them a sea of liquid light. Horror
u f h.u horror! The boats were sinking,
wrapped in (lames, and all round the very
-wave* were trausmuted into a fiery fur
nace Death by drowning is frightful,
but death by lire is more terrible than any
mot til agouv. Martyrs have passed through
fire Lo the gates of Paradise confessing
their faith, aud volunteers to pain tor the
crown Dial pain was to confer; hut on
Friday night it was not am Unprepared
*>r not, mote than forty sifiKi#w*iw hurried
«V 4*WT "* —■ ■■ •»- »>■ Jtllljfjß. .
I wan difliuuit to gather detSnils; it i»
not easy even to write with calmness upon
this dreadful calamity. Iu the midst ol
life wc are in death.” There were two
bridal parties upon one of the lost vessels.
Thai very morning the pledge binding to
gellier body and sold, for better ami for
avor-e, till death should pari them, iiad
been plighted ; with their vows fresh upon
their lips they were imperiled, but by the
providence of God they escaped Ihe fiery
flood. A mother, when tlie vessel sank,
threw iier two children into the water, and
then leaped in lo swim w ith them to land,
or die with them if she could not save
them. A husbuud calmly fastened a life
l»eit around the waist of his young wife,
juiii then dragged her through tire ami
■water ashore. The America drifted, or
■was driven, to tlie bank, and a lady sprang
front tiie upper deck und clung to the
branch of a tree; her daughter followed,
and reached the same braucb, and their
united weight breaking if, they Lot li fell
hack i a to the water, bu t agai u dim bed u pun
the land. But from trie United (States lo
the opposite batik the scene was more
terrible—the escapes (ewer. One passen
ger informs ns that for two hundred yards
the water wa* on tire, aud in Dial fiery
deluge were women and children, shriek
ing in the horror of the last agony. Tliirty
tive women are said to he liut. Thirty
live women from a single vessel, the Uni
ted Staes, have been called away! Ti.e
red gleam from the burning timber and
the radiant water flashed up, amt bathed
witii an unnatural splendor of light the
bank* on either baud. In this gleam they
died; arid when their last despairing cry
was bushed all was obscure acasn. The
black uigbt swallowed them up,and echoed
but to Die moans of tha wounded. An
other passenger telis us that, upon being
awakened by tlie clash, lie half dres-od and
rushed upon Die deck. A mixed throng
of men and women swayed hither and
tbither, all confused, and few seeming ca
pable of devising any plan for a struggle
for life. Twice lie fell under Die pressure
of the heaving mas*, and twice he regain
ed hi* footing; and then, burned and
lonised, ho precipitated himself into Die
burning waters, out, by a miracle, being
nnaoie to swim, contlived to reach the
shore.
The steamer T. Dumont was seut.
about ten o’clock yesterday morning, to
tbe scene of the disaster, aud returned
about haif-pßst tw’elve lust night, (she
had scarcely touched Dm wharf wben a
young girl, scarcely seventeen years of
age, leu(>ed on Imanl and asked for a gen
tleman whose name we did out catch.
Tbe reply wa*. “He is lost.” She scream
ed, “My father! my father!” It was
heait-reiidiuc. _ Above the lurmniL -'V
nif.i voiceSMRL, ♦ (WaWhili
father, my fattier;'' Abe threw up her
arm*, anand for a
to the wild glare of insanity shone in her
eyes. But a kind hearted lady, tvbo had
followed over the gangway, look the poor
girl to her heart, and womanly sympathy
soothed he* till she returned, a* it were,
to her right mind again, iu the cabin
aft, lay a strong mao, Mr. Hays, of Nash
ville, dreadfully burned, and apparently
semi-conscious. For a minute ids massy
face and brow,hound with bandages, was as
still as a corpse in a coffin, then ngaiu the
muscles convulsively twitched, and lie
bent his arm forward and backward, and
clasped aud unclasped his hand, grasping
Again and again at tire heavy bed quilt
with the tremendous movement of a man
dying, when the raging fever is nearly
exhausted, and the numbness of the pas
sage from life to eternity is swiftly stealing
upon the frame. Tiis evident strength of
physique may and probably will save him,
but if «o he will iiuva passed through an
awful trial, the memory of which will be
bianded into Iris whole being. It was not
until very late, or rather early this morn
ing, that Die boat was cleared of the nu
merous visitors Diut rushed down to the
wharf to ascertain the fate of missing
friend* —but when we left, tiie orphan
girl, almost worn out by grifcf, was still
sobbing out her one cry, “ My father, my
father!”
File collision occurred about quarter
past eleven o’clock. The America struck
tlie Slates a little aft the capstan, cutting
deeply iuto her bow. The forwatd guards
of ttie States were taken up with coal oil,
a quality of freight which requires to he
carried where the air will get at it. Almost
simultaneously with the collision, the
flames arose from the how of the States,
reaching up as high as her hurricane roof.’
It Hashed up like the explosion of gun
powder. The fire ran up the boat’s stair
way, and within a very few moments the
whole forward part of the boat was on lire,
the llames leaping up as high as the tops
of her chimneys. The wind was blowing
up stream, and directly against the head
of the Stales, and drove the tire right into
the cabin, and it was not more than two
minutes until it ex ended to the alt end of
the steamer, and the whole cabin aud
upper deck of the boat were in Haines,
The lire originated from a lighted lamp
that was setting in the' bow of the {States.
1 lie shock of the collision bursted some of
the oil barrels, and the oil took tire from
the lamp. The hauls struck full head
on,” and so violent and tremendous was
the shock that the bow of the America
w as driveu into the guards of the .States to
her coal box. One passenger on the States
says that the progress of the fire from the
bow of the States to the stem about
as fast as a man could walk. ‘I he Ameri
ca, after striking the Htates, began to hack
toward Hie Indiana shore, and the States
swung round so that both boats were
alongside each oilier. Then die Haines
were communicated to the America in the
forward part of her cabin ; but as die wiud
was blowing upstream, tbe flames did rn.t
spread over die boat very rapidly. The
two boats were not over one hundred feet
from tbe Indiana shore when tlie co lision
occurred. Passengers leaped from the
cabin guards of the America, then almost
completely enveloped in flames, to the
lower deck of the America, and thus saved
themselves. The America got in near the
shore, where she burned to the water’s
edge. The pilot of the States, vv| 10 re
mained at his post to the last moment
eudeavored to run tier into the In liana
shore, but, as the boat was in a sinking
condition, he was unable to manage her
aud she settled down but a short di-tance
from where the collision occurred.
Captain Whitten, of the America, was
in the pilot-house just before tbe boats
came together. He says die America gave
two blasts of her whistle, but neither he
nor the pilot heard any response from the
states. The America again signaled,
biowiug twice, for the Indiana side of the
river, and but one whistle was heard from
the States, which was not the proper re
sponse. It was not what river men call a
bad night, though the wind was blowing
strongly up-stream, which was probably
the cause of tbe misunderstanding of the
siguals. The signal lights on both stearn
ers were all right.
Tbe towboat Reindeer came up a few
minutes after tbe collision, and rendered
some assistance in rescuing tbe passengers
from the burning steamers. The Madison
packet, Lady Grace, bound down, arrived
at die scene of the disaster at about one
hour after It occurred, and conveyed many
of the passengers of the States to Madison. 1
It is the opinion of Captain Whitten,
that nothing more serious would have
resulted from tho collision than the sink
ing of the Blatcs. hut for tin* combustible
coal oil carried on tiie bmv of that steamer.
Tbe America was entirely uninjured in
her timber* by the collision. The water
there is shoal, and the Btat.es would not
have sunk above her cabin tloor, and none
on hoard would probably have been lost, i
Captain > ade, of the Stated, remained j
on the roof of that steamer uutil In* via*
completely surround .and by flames. He es
caped by jumping to the troi er deck guards
of tiie America, when tiie two boat*came
together. He say* but for tin* tire lie
could have run the boat ashore and saved
everything.
Captain Wade says the boat left here
with only sixty-five passenger* mi board,
thirteen of whom were Jadie*. Beven ofj
lhc*e lady passengers are known to be
saved. Very few of the passengers on
Die Btates had retired. There was a wed
ding party on board, and tlie passengers
tendered Diem a serenade, aud Capt.
Wade found it necessary, out a very short i
time before the collision occurred, to go
down from the texas to the cabin, and re
press to some extent, the noise of the mer
riment they were making.
The flame* drove mauy of tho jmsseu-
gers to the aft end of the Blales, aud many
of them took refuge in the yawl, which
was suspended by a del rick at tho stem
of tbe boat. Bo many <>f them crowded
into this boat that the derrick broke
down and let tbe yawl and those who
were in it into tlie liver. As mauy as
twenty or twenty-five persons were in the
yaw) when the derrick fell, and it is sup
posed most of them were drowned. One
of them Captain Joe MoCauunott, a well
known pilot, held on to the yawl when It
fell, and was finally rescued. He was
found to be very badly burned, and hi*
strength wa* almost exhausted wben as
sistance reached him.
Owing to the extraordinary exertions of
Captain Whitten and Mr. William Tay
lor, head clerk of tlie America, several
nnr envo.!, Anions them Mitts liar
tou, of tbe Ole Bull Concert Troupe. Mias
Barton was 111 her stateroom at the time
and scented to he completely bewildered.
Mr. Taylor warned m-r of tiie danger, hut
she seemed to pay no attention to him.
finally he hurst open tbe door, and by
main strength carried Iter aft, aud down
through a small hatchway. It was trot
until after she had been placed ou slioic
that she realized the awful condition in
which, but a few minute* previous, she
had been placed.
One man, name unknown, who occu
pied a room iu Die alt part of the America,
became completely bewildered. He wa*
warned of the danger, but paid no atten
tion t.i It. Mr Taylor, at Die last moment,
endeavored to rescue him, but it was too
late He became suffocated and fell
through Die hatchway. This wus the last
seen of him and it issupposed that he was
suffocated to death, and iris body then
burned.
Mr. Taylor and Captain Whitten re
ntal led ou the boat Dll the very last mo
ment, and only left it when the flames
were surrounding them on all side*. Tlie
former secured Die rcgisier of tiie boat,
und all tbe valuable*from Die safe, except
n hundred or so dollars belonging to the
one-legged man from Atlanta, Ga.
Both Captuin Whitten aud Captain
Wade slate that Die tire, although awful,
was gland in tiie extreme. Let our read
ers imagine two hundred bale* of cotton
saturated with coal oil all iu a blaze, and
then the petroleum on the waters in a
livid glare, ami they can form so ue idea
of Die awful grandeur of tjie scene.
Among the passenger* on the America
coming up to this city, were Mr. VV. F.
Griswold and W. Davidson, of the firm of
E. W. Hough wait & Cos., New York. Mr,
Davidson had just retired to ti is stateroom,
had divested himself of hi* clothing, and
was about to get in his birth when tlie
collision took place. He immediately
stepped out upon the cabin guard of the
boat, and on seeing the situation, both
boat* being on lire, lto leaped overboard
and swam ashore. Hi* money was in his
clothes, and hi* gold watch be bad placed
under his pillow, all of which were lost.
Mr. Griswold hud not retired with Mr.
1)., but w i in the cabin talking witii Die
bar-keeper, ’vtien the whistle sounded und
tl > l"'H g.,ve the alarm, und from the
sou. ii he wa* convineed that something
via* * rong. He no sooner est me to that con
clusion than Die boats col tided, ain I tie pass
ed out upon the cabin guard in lime to *ee
the barrel* of petroleum on the lowerg nants
of the United Btates burst open, theircon
tents being entirely ignited. Ho conclu
ded that Iris safety was in jumping over
board, and be did so, swimming lujjhore
Ole Bull, Mr. Griswold say*, followed
suit, leaping into the water from the
guard* nt Die United States, with hi*over
coat on, into tlie water, and swimming
ashore. Mi.*s Barton, one of Ole Buli’*
troupe,and two gentlemen,offae/os.oneof
them having the great musician’s ea*e,
which contained hi* two famous violins,
were also saved.
1'! re was saved from the United (States
also, Mr. Griswold inform* us, the cham
bermaid of Die United States, who says
that twenty-oqe ladies sat down tosupper,
and out of the twenty-one only four were
rescued. the chambermaid says there
were two married couples on lioard of tlie
United States, all of whom were drowned
except oticof Die bridex
♦-
V WOMVV* -IIVVIF. tMI ItF.tTM
\ MHmtdiolj 4'am*.
Some three years ago there came to
Knoxville from the South a young wo
man, some twenty-two or three years old,
witii a male attendant, who, leaving his
charge in comfortable quarters, made Lis |
disappearance. The circumstance itself,
attracted but little attention at the time,
and that only among tiut a few person*.
The lady wa* well dressed, well educated
and handsome, aud bore all the marks
of respectability. Btie demeaned herself
modestly, sought no acquaintances, aud ;
was never seen by any except those in the
immediate vicinity of her temporary stop- j
ping place. Several weeks passed by and
the lady herself disappeared, but not with
out leaving a living souvenir iu tbe hands j
of her entertainers. Tlie incident was '
talked about in our community for awhile j
and soon forgotten.
Yesterday morning at the Atkin House,
in this city, a woman died. She had no
friend or relative to attend her. Alone,
she came to the house a few days ugo aud
took a room, complaining of illness. The
tale is soon told. Ere another chapter in
her shame had been concluded, death
came to her relief, and quieted forever the
woes of a ruined heart.
The unfortunate woman was not in
need of life’s ordinary comforts. .She had
money sufficient for all her wants. Her
first-born is yet living. Site was from
•Central Georgia, and was respectably con
nected. At the request of the physician,
we suppress for the present lierowu name
and that of her residence.
The proprietors of the Atkin House
very kindly and promptly attended to the
necessary preparations for the funeral.
Knoxville Herald , sth.
■ .►»■«.
Off l\rj L VST l\ll LARGEST sPKKIII
1 n response to the toast —“Our Guest,
the General of the Army, and the Presi
dent elect,” at the banquet given him on
Wednesday last, by the Union League
Club of New York City, General Grant
spoke as follows:
Gentlemen of the Union League: It Is with en
tire regret that 1 find myself unable to respond in
appropriate language to the warmth of feeling with
which these toasts have been received. You alt
know bow unaccustomed 1 urn to public speaking.
(Hearty laughter and'applau&e.J How undesira
ble a talent I think it is to possess; how little
good it generally does, [renewed laughter and
cheer?,] and how desirous 1 am to sec more of our
public men follow the good example which 1 be
lieve in this particular, if no other, I hare set them.
[Tremendous applause. |
I must, however, express my acknowledgments
to the Union League of this city, as well a? to the
Unlou Leagues of other cities, for great 4.cnellte
they conferred on the Government during the re
belliou through which we passed. 1 wish to ac
knowledge their liberality toward myself and sol
diet s serving against the rebellion, atid thank them
for it.
Large Corn Crop.— Mr. E. B. Griffin,
wlto resides near Piue Grove, in this coun
ty, ami several neighbors have been en
gaged during the season in a worthy riv
alry in corn raising.
Mr. G. experimented with only oneacre
of good awantp land. This was heavily
manured with cotton seed, thoroughly
cultivated, and tirst planted in double rows
eight feet apart. In June a second planting
was made in the water furrow between the
otlter rows. The measured yield of this
acre is one hundred bushelsfine corn.
A neighbor, from eight' acres of laud,
similarly planted and cultivated, made
eight hundred and sixty four bushels.
Another neighbor, with same cultiva
tion, but a single planting, gathered an
average of eighty bushels per acre.
Bi.ank Petitions fok Homesteads, printed on
good paper—for sale at J W. Burke Jt Co’s ,
Macon. Ua.
DEPARTMENT REPORT**.
report THE SECRETARY ok the
INTERIOR.
In auollior coluam we print llie report |
of the Secretary of the Interior. The re
i, >r( oil ilie whole, will be mini Hied to be ,
MitisVaetor.v• It appears that «,685,742,50
acres of public lands have bee . deposed
of (hue Icaviog still in the bands of the
government 1.405,306 078 tt-tci. One Revo
lutiouary soh’i'd'i> st.di livin'.*. Doling
the last fiscal y* **‘ tht-ie w ■ paid to H»va
lid military soidiets and pendent icla
tives, the sum of $23,058,59'', anil to navy
Invalids the sum of $352,383. i hat part
of the report which refers to the tactile
Railroad will be found at once interesting
and instructive. It iia» already co*t a
large sunt of money t<> the nation, but the
result will be one of the triumphs or Use
age. To United States marshals has lx* n
paid $1,337,042 and to district attorneys,
assistants, etc., Hiid United states con
mlssioners the aggregate amount of i>\
789,177. The Hecretary dreads a deficit un
less the lines be increased The closing
part of the report, which treats of resi
deuces for the President and Vice Presi
dent ami the heads of the executive de
partments, will be read by all with inter
est, by some with approval and by others
with doubt. We may have more to say
of the report on auotber day. Meanwhile
we commend the report to public atten
tion. —JV. Y ’. HernUl.
REPORT OK THE POSTMASTER GENERA b.
The annual report of Postmaster Geu
eral Randall, which w*publish this morn
ing, is interesting, altbougti the leading
fact* lr>ve been anticipated. The ordina
ry revenue for tlie year ending June 30,
slightly exceeded sixteen and a quarter
millions of dollars, while the expenditures
amounted to nearly twenty iwoaiid three
quarter millions, thus leaving a deficiency
of over six millions. Cmigres-ional ap
propriations, however, reduce these fig
ures to a deficiency of not quite three
quarters of a million of dollars, it it even
does not do away with the admitted tact
that the expenses of the Post Office I>e
paruneut are about one dollar and forty
ceuta to every dollar received. Mr. liau
dal I does not believe that the postal ser
vice can or should be made self-suslaiu
ing for fifty years to come. He estimates
’ that leu years lienee the expenses will he
forty millions, and the receipts only thirty
millions; hut he expresses the fa th that
when the country la fully developed, there
will be no deficiencies for Congress to sup
ply. l)u the past year’s business of the
Department, the recommendations and
suggestions, the re|*ort is quite full and
luleresting.—i\. Y. Iftruld.
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OE INTER
NA I. REVENUE.
All the important parts of this docu
ment will be found in another column.
It will be seen that in tlie fiscal year end
ing June 30, 1 vis, the sum of one hun
dred and ninety-one million dollars was
collected from internal revenue, the ex
pen sc of collecting which was five per
per cent. The heavy items in this account
are the taxes paid on t ie indulgence of
|w>puiar appetite. The amount received,
for instance, from the tax ou chewing ami
smoking tobacco was, in round numbers,
fifteen million dollars. All the railroads
paid together less than seven millions,
the insurance companies less than two
millions, aud the telegraph and express
companies not a million between them, so
tiiA' chewing aud smoking tobacco —our
small vices, as they are called— re really
‘‘bigger things’’ in the (Commissioner’s
report than all the railroads, telegraphs or
express and insurance companies m the
United States taken t igether. The num
ber of cigars taxed was six hundred mil
lions. The tax on distilled spirits aud
brandy netted fourteen million*, aud
oilier liquors run the total of the figure on
stunaiauts to fully twenty millions It
is estimated by the Commissioner that the
income from internal revenue for the next
fiscal year will reach one hundred aud
forty-five million dollars, H .me inipot
taut recommendations are made in the
ref Mirt —among them one urging the elec
tion of this portion of the Treasury De
partment into a department by itself.- S.
Y. Jltrnld.
REPORT Ot THE COMPTROLLER of THE
CLRRENI V.
Tlie Comptroller of the I 'utrency, in his
annual re|*>rt to the Secretary of the
Treasury, shows that there are 1,629 na
tional banks in active operation, with u
circulation within a fraction up to tlie
legal limit of three hundred millions..
Twelve national banks have lieeii organ-
Imil sil|'‘e 11 <v *«*-♦ "*'*•*«! r«•**■**-' fjfvu of j
’ which are new associations, fourteen
national banks have failed to redeem their
circulating notes aud were put into the
hands of receivers. The iouiis and dis
counts made hy the national banking as
sociations amount to $3,.351,004,0R5. The
Comptroller recommend* several rc'ornts
in tiie na tonal hanks One is an amend
ment to tl>e act creating tiiese associations,
authorizing tlie Comptroller to call upon
tlie banks for live detailed statements or
reports during each year, fixing ii|Kin
some day that is past for the date of tlie
report. He argues that the day for the
specified <|iiarterly reports being known
in advance, tiie hacks prepare for litem hy
a prone-a of operations which do not rep
resent their actual working condition.
And here lie takes occasion to condemn
ttie banks tor lending themselves to com
binations ami speculations for affecting
tlie money market, and particularly the
practice of tiie New York banks in issuing
certified checks to Wall Stieet operators.
He remarks: “ Taking the call loans and
tlie certified checks together, the some
what startling fact is developed that tiie
New York national banks furnish (daily)
seventy million dollars of capital and one
hundred and twelve million dollars of
credit for speculation.” He urges the es- j
tablislimeiit of a central redeeming agen
cy, bv means of which Die national hank :
notes shall he redeemed and made con
vertible into tiie lawful money of the
country, whether it tie pa|«er or gold, at i
tiie principal centre of trade. To prevent j
panics and speculators locking up the cur
rency. and to supply a sufficient and equi
table circulating medium, lie recommends
that tlie Treasury of the United tstatt*
shall hold in reserve a certain amount of
legal teuder notes in excess of tiie amount j
in regular circulation as a source of relief,
and to he let out in times of stringency,
something in the same way that the Brit
ish Chancellor of the Exchequer author
izes at times the Bauk of England to issue
more notes than is strictly prescribed by
its charter. Os course the Comptroller
urges a return to specie payments, but
does not tell us when this cau be Jorought
about, and prudently intimates that we
must be careful what steps are taken to
i that end. In fact he sensibly leaves that
to tlie people. He favors free banking as
! soon as the restrictions imposed upon the
1 issue of circulating notes by national
i hanks may be safely removed. Mr. Huri
i hut's report, on the whole, is a respectable
I one, though lie errs in some of his tinau
! cial ideas. He concludes in a sensible
i mauner bysayiug that with regard to the
currency and hauking the business public
i of the United States is the only competent
1 judge.-.V. Y. Herald.
THE WAK DEPARTMENT REPORT.
Secretary Schofield, in his annual report,
says tiie strength of the army on Septem
ber 20 was 48,081, which by January will
be reduced by expiration of term "of ser
vice aloue to about 43,000. No recruiting
is iu operation except for the cavalry ser
vice. All volunteer officers, except one,
have been mustered out of service. At
the suggestion of Gen. Sherman authority
was given on October Hth for the muster
in of one regiment of volunteer cavalry
from Kansas, whose service is not expect
ed to exceed six mouths, for service against
the Indians. It may, the Secretary says,
be reasonably expected that a considera
ble reduction of the army may be made
within the next year. He recommends
such reduction be authorized by law lobe
made gradually by ordinary casualties, liy
discharge of incompetent officers, ami by
consolidation of regiments. The Secretary
also recommends that the four regiments
of veteran reserves be disbanded, officers
unfit, for service to be retired and others to
be transferred to active regiments. The
term of enlistment ought to he increased
to five years. The disbursements of the
Pay Department during the last fiscal year
amount to $60,000,000. The disbursements
for reconstruction have been $2,500,000.
Bounty claims to the extent of $25,000,000
have been paid. It is estimated that
$65,082,388.85 will lie required for the War
Department for the next fiscal year. The
estimated deficiencies for the current year
are, however, $13,975,000 In speaking of
the Indian war, Becretary Schofield says it
is proved beyond dispute that it was be
gun by the Indians without any provoea
cation whatever. Its object is supposed
to be the abandonment of the Smoky Hill
route, which are the best hunting grounds
in America; and tlie Secretary endorses
Gen. Sherman's remedy to secure |*»aoe—
namely, coercion. The rest of tlie War
report is au unimportant review of the
military districts, which has beep autici
pated by tlie publication of the district
commanders.
REPORT OV SECRETARY OF THETKKASL’KY.
The report is au elaborate work, making
in itself, without I lie mass of bureau re
port* and statistical tables, a document of
sixty-six pages. Mr. McCulloch proceeds
to argue at. length against Die wisdom of
tile legal tend r acts. Hes t.vs that •‘these
act'have tended to blunt and deadeu the
public confidence, and atv chargeable in
uosmall degree with the demoiaiization
which so generally fire vails.” l’iie United ,
Htates notes, though declated by law to be
lawful money, ate, nevertheless, tlie Sec- :
retary declares, “a dishonored and disrep
utabie currency. ’’ lie maintains that the
legal tender acts were war measures, that
th y were a forced I an, that no member
of Congress <<!' public journal advocated,
their issue on any other ground than pub
lie necessity. The .Secretary thiuks, then,
that they should he divested of Die char
acter which was conferred on them in a
condition of Die country so different from
the present. He theiefore makes the fol
lowing highly important recommenda
tion, and emphasizes it in capital letters.
He says: “The Secretary believes that
they should, and he therefore recom
mends, in addition to t nactmeut* by
which contracts for tiie payment of coin
can be enforced, that it lie declared Diat .
after the Ist ot January, 1870, United
Htates notes shall cease to lie a legal tender
in payment of ail private debts sutrse- :
quently contracted, and that after the Ist
of January, 1871, they shall cease to be a
legal tender on any contract or for any
purpose whatever, except the Government
dues for which they are uow receivable.
Tlie law should aim authorize the conver
sion of these notes, at tin pleasure of the
holders, into bonds bearing such interest
i us may tie authorized by Congress on the
i funded debt The period for which they i
would continue to be a legal tender would
be sufficient to enable tlie people and tiie
banks to prepare for the contemplated :
change, and the privilege of their conver
sion to save depreciation.” Toe Secretary
then speaks of the large reduction of idter
nsl revenue, and says that it is attributable
I to Inefficient collection, and toa reduction
;of taxes. He estimates the iiileruai reve
nue receipts for Die present fiscal year at
$148,209,041. If tlie receipts from customs
should he diminished, even with large
reductions in expenses, “our internal reve
j nue,” tlie Secretary says, “must be in
creased.” Tlie first thing to be done is
! to introduce economy in every branch,
and not reduce appropriations; and then
bring in deficiency bills. The average
expenses for Die uext ten years of Die
civil service ought not, lie adds, to exceed
forty millions. The War Department
should be brought dowu to thirty-five
millions, and tiie Nary to twenty millions
p»r annum. Tlie interest on the public
debt, when ail funded, at five }s-r cent.,
will be $125,000,000. The Secretary then
says: 1 When the internal reveuue aud
; tariff la wa shall lie revised sous tube made
harmonious with each other, it izzupposed
, that $300.000,000 cau annually be realized
from these sources without burdensome
taxation.” The (Secretary does not doubt
I that the best lot* rests of the country
will be subserved by a reduction of the
I tariff and an increase of excise duties. The
Secretary also recommends a lax ou sales,
and regards this as a good time to thorough
ly revise the tariff. The report shows that
the public debt was increased from No
vember 1, 1887, to November 1, 188S, $35,-
625,102 82. Os Diisiucrea.se s2l 152,000 is
chargeable to the Pacific railways, and
$7,200,000 to the purchase of Alaska.
Within the same period there was paid
for counties $43,787,412 18. The Secretary
does not consider thisa bad exhibit in view
of the reduced taxation Ly Congress and
the donations to railroads. He then pro
ceeds to censure the New York national
banks which have certified checks of de
positors in advance of their dejiosits. and
-ays “it is unauthorized, reckless, and in
jurious in the end to the country.” He
suggests legislation to remedy this. The
rej>ort theu concludes as follows ;
“ Complaint lias been made that iu the
administration of the Treasury Department
since the war there lias been too much of
interference with the slock and money
market. Tins complaint, when honestly
made, ha* been tiie result ol a want of
reflection, or of imperfect knowledge of
the financial condition of the Govern
ment. The transactions of the Treasury
have from necessity been connected with
Die stock ami money market of New
York. Jf the debt after the close of tlie
war had been a funded dent, with nothing
to be done in relation to it but to pay the
tgac.uiiig Interest, or if busine-- had been
inducted on a *j>ecie basis, and conse-
been front lliv constant
Change** to which it lias been and must
!>»■ subject a- : .:,g a* tiiere is considerable
difference l<e; oen the le.ul and commer
cial standard of value, tiie Treasury could
have been managed with entire indepen
dence of the stock exchange or the gold
room. Such, however, was not tlie fact.
More thau one-half of the national debt,
according to the foregoing exhibits, con
sisted of lemjKirary obligations, which were
to l*e paid in lawful money or converted
into bonds; and there was in circulation
a large amount of irredeemable promises
constantly changing in their convertible
value. Tiie ,Secretary, therefore, could
not he indifferent to Die condition of the
market, nor avoid connection with it, for
it was in fact with Die market lie had to
deal, tin would have been happy bad it
been otherwise. If bonds were to be 9old
to provide Die means for paying the debts
• hat were payable in lawful money, it was
a matter ot great importance to the Trea
sury that the price of bonds should uot be
depressed by artificial processes.
“If the seven-thirty notes were to lie con
verted into five-twenty bonds, it was
equally important that they should sus
tain such relations to each other in regard
to prices that conversions would be Gleet -
ed. If bonds were ala discount, the notes
would he presented for payment in legal
tenders, and these could only he obtained
by further issues or the sale of some kind
of securities. Lor three years, therefore,
the state of the market has been a matter
of deep solicitude to the Secretary. If lie
had been indifferent to it, or waii. and care
fully to study tlie influence that «- -nt
ed it, or had hesitated to cxen--e the
power with which Congress liu 1 .- oihed
him for successfully funding the t uq-.rary
debt by conversions or sal. -, ii. .ould
have been false to his trust. Tic.* t t -k of
converting a thousand million- ic npo
rary obligations iuto a funded d< in on a
market constantly subject to mtiui.il and
artificial fluctuations without depressing
the prices of bonds, aud without disturbing
the busiucss of the country, however it
may be regarded now, when the work has
been accomplished, was, while it was
being performed, an exceedingly delicate
one. It is but simply justice to say that
its successful accomplishment is, in a
great measure, attributable to the judici
ous action of the Assistant Treasurer at
New York, Mr. Van Dyck. Similar com
plaint has also been made of the manner
iu which gold and bonds have been dis
posed of by what has been styled ‘secret
sales,’and yet precisely the same course
has been pursued iu these sales that care
ful and prudent men pursue who sell on
their own account. The sales have been
made when currency was needed and
prices was satisfactory.
"It was not considered wise or prudent
to advise the dealers precisely when and to
what amount sales were to he made. No
sane man operating ou his own account
would have done this. But all sales of
gold have been made in the open market,
, and of bon Is by agents or the Assistant
Treasurer in New York in the ordinary
way, with a view of obtaining the very
best prices and with the least possible dis
turbance of business. In the large trans
actions of Hie 'Treasury, agents have been
indispensable, but none have been em
ployed when the wotk could be done
equally well by the officers of the Depart
ment Whether done by agents or offi
cers, the Secretary has no reason to su,.-
jiose that it lias not been done skillfully
and honestly as well as economically. He
is now gratified in being able to say that
unless a very stringent market, such as
was produced a few weeks ago by power
ful combinations in New York, should
send to the Treasury large amounts of the
three per cent, certificates for redemption,
no further sales of bonds are likely to be
necessary. Until, however, the receipts
from internal revenues are increised, the
necessities of tlie Government will require
that tlie sales of gold shall be continued.
These sales are now being made by adver
tisements for settled bids, ins ead of tlie
ageueies heretofore employed. The result
so far has not been entirely satisfactory,
but a proper respect for what, according
to the tone of the press, appeared to be
the public sentiment, seemed to require it
The new mode will he fairly tested ami
oonlinued, if it ean be without a sacrifice
of Hie public interest.”
--Senator Ferry (Radical), of Connecti
cut, lias introduced a joint resolution for
the removal of all political disabilities
witli regard to holding office, and a hill re
moving disabilities with regard to voting
He anuouuees his iuteutiou to urge both
measures.
TO THE COLOR ED PEOPLE.
A Word on a»w Kubjec*.
We desire to call to your mind a familiar
verse from Proverbs, “ A good name i*
railier to be chosen limit gr-at riches,”
and also to the old saying—" < live a dog a
bad name, at.d he may ns well be hung ”
These relate to tlie matter of character ;-.nd
reputation with which you I. v • h.,d |i;ile
to do, ill tlie days of slavery, except n- a
matter of morals, -tree yi u a’c free,
character is nroro 1•» you tiiau morn! !
You are coining gradually >:n i
individually as men and citizens. and in
dividually identified by H e public; and
your character will greatly j-gu'-ab. the
supply of ineai and me t at y >ur tun ......
Strict honesty your <icattng*, pav
ing all your
contracts, never ugKiaitffc tunic that - you
can do, aud alwivßpi »itijf aii you prom:*.-,
will give you a charaeh r,
and then employment always bo
ready for you. Work will seek you, and
you will not have to seek work If\ >u
area mechanic, work as diligently by the
day us you do by the job-more so if possi- |
hie, because trhen you work by tiie job, |
your time is your ow n, and you cat. use it
as you choose; but when you work by 100
day your time is sold, and* belongs to your
employer, and you should not waste and
destroy the property of another man. 11
you are a common laboier the principle
applies as well. If you want to be idle,
don’t hire yourself. *lf you do bite your
self, then |*eg away all day lnug, aud try
to give to the mau who hires you a!I Die
worth of ids money. You have no more
rigid u> cheat him out of the labor you
sell to him than the merchant has tocheat
you iu weighiug sugar aud meat to you.
Regard these things, and you will win »
good name, which will be worth a great
deal to you. Character i* very valuable
to a man who depend* o his labor for a
support. Men of good character are faith- J
fui laborers, and everybody wants to hiietj
that sort, and will pay good wages, h>'
'Cause they get good work. H
Another precept, tells how one must do
to get a good name. It is necessary that
you do untiling wrong, of course, nut this
ruie says you must even “avoid all ap
ptarance of evil.” Not only Ire always
correct and honest iu your conduct hut
don’t appear to lie doing wrong. Don’t
he found in suspicious places; never be
caught in bad company, cut the acquaint
ance of bad and violent ineu, don’t have
any suspicious property about you, let
every step you take amt word you sfeak
be open and above Imard, so that |>eopie
may see you have nothing to be ashamed
of. About this tiling of avoiding the ap
pearance of wrong-uoir;g, an oiu Spanish
saying is “Do not tie your shoe in a w ater
melon patch, nor scratch your head in a
peach orchard”—and the idea is, that if
you do these thing* somebody may think
you are stealing, although you aie not.
‘Those of you, who win good names by
! honest dealing and honest work, will
; have thecontiuenoe of the public, and will
thrive. It takes a long time however, to
es üb.isii a good name. It i* slow to work
and hard to work, and you have to be
always thinking about it. * And when you
I win it, you must watch it close. The
! Uast wrong tiling you aie f umi doing,
! will destroy it.
Some people may say it is not worth
while for us to be wasting time talking to
negroes about honesty and character
that nothing will be’ accomplished by
giving you good advice. We hope, how
ever, that ii will do you some good. .Since
th* last election, there is better feeling
between the whites and black*, than there
was before, and we hope to get on kindly
hereafter. Since we must live together
here, le: u» be at peace with one another,
and work together for tlie good of the
country. Now, the country can never
thrive really well, unless Die biack penpic
prove to be good law abiding and tonify
citizens, and »o, for he good of the country
and yourselve*, w<- are at this pain* of at
least giviug y<»u good advice iteo*lsus
nothing to do it, but if you profit hv it,
you will find all the white people w ill b%.-
willing to help your race by advantages
ol more costly kind Prove that von
deserve it and will be benefited by it. ad
you wit! find your schools and churcbt s
built up iu far more efficient sfyie than
Bureau aid hu- done it - Washington Gu
zr.Ue, 4 1f,. *
- - • ♦ ♦
Special Correspondence Baltimore Gazette.j
I Hk. DfcMOCK 4 11C MFR« OF COACi|Qs«
IO liL# 4WI C A Le- ROPi. 4
t ProfHr.inon lu iHu»iratOe Fabic~
V\ hihUurit- IhfbHK <>.*ro*rarn fu. Ur htu +
Uflyeltr-t Prison Incidunl and a Brnia) too,
lUUMMAI.
Washington, Dte. 7, isos.
I have great satisfaction in announcing
j the fact that I lie members of the Demo
i eratie anil Con-ervalive party in Uongrtrs
have resolved that they will not make
; fools of themselves in the coming se-st.-a
iof Congress. The members generally
argue thus : The great people of tins great
; country have by a sole on vote invested
. certain men with the |>owertoduu? tiu-v
please. Very we!!; let us sec what they
will do. (live them a wide range. When
ever called upon we shaii eooscieut *>u.-!\
vote upon propositions as they may coin*:
up. Beyond this no responsibility- rests
upon us, and we shall take care that no
impediment is plaoed in the way of a fan
trial of the poll, y oi out opponents iGoii
save the mark!) The word seem- to be
“Go ahead! who’s afeard ?”
In the midst of this passive programme
f hear threats of what a would-be leader
intends to do. He proposes ostensibly to
throw a uolai.ie firebrand into the Radi
al party, by cajaiingGrant. He purposes
to introduce a bill r jiealiiig the tenure-oi-
XHceaet. This, pleads tie vvi!; he passed
by tlie House, ami rejected by ihe.Svuuic.
\V e shall, thereby, get (.rant, aud without
loss, and my paper will be placed in a i H .
sition " whereoy profits will ensicAt
the same time, by creating a feud la-tween
Grant and Congress.the Democratic parly
will rend the Radicals asunder.
This is a very adroit movement. But
being trumpeted beforehand, is not iikeiv
to succeed, a? I have reason to believe th
leauing Radicals arc not downright f.-ois
to the extent of refusing to avail them
selves of the i. hinder.- of their opponents.
AN hat if the motion of the honorable
member from New York should b~ not
only entertained by the House, hut ac
ceded to by the Senate, under the pressure
oi Democratic influence? Would not the
member be m tlie condition of the cat
under the mesmeric influence oi (he mmi
key which drew out the chestnut-, un
mindful ofits own claws ?
Iu the meantime, I think it necessaiv
to apprise \our r. actors, a- a legitimate re
-B U .lt non-intervention” in tilings
which don t concern u,-. that a most inti
mate radical relationship lias been bur-t
asunder by means entirely ouside of toa
dyism on tlie part of Democratic -tales
men. Uontrary to all expectation,!he Man
r rnlay of Grant ha« suddenly been thrown
overboard. Mr. Washburne, notwith
standing what Yates tuny say, is now
scarcely upon speaking terms with the
coining man.’' KonM attribute flits dire
catastrophe primarily to Donnelly’s in
fluence, derived indirectly from the Fe
uian Brotherhood; others to the oxces
sive egotism and domineering demeanor
of this second Warwick. Re ail this as it
may, Schenck ha* had sufficient power
th»tnh"l h '** f ,re «*nsious demands oi
the Illinois member.
Speaking of (lie catastrophe at Fort
-Lsitayet to to-day, it was remarked i v
sufferer that thi/was not the onty memo
; rable tire at that locality. The whole
structure is, and has b,eu"for l l
I fff 1 with a shingle roof. When Sn 1861
this bastile was neonle 1 ho ’l* ’
io», or ,’h. C r '7“"’'';"«
for certain hours duri£«&, i f prwor "‘ r3
.i,lo of tfteir
the occasion of the alarm I,f1 ,f fl e I reb-r
they were driven had- •» .k 1 1 ler to
bayonet, aud the keys of their ~O, VU , o t
upon them by order of 8 tun,ert
to.n,,orary commuini. I ,7?" ‘“"I
j£yi«»l villa,„y b. I ,SVo f ;K
Richmond, speaks in J ri t ,/ e * nrDe< * from
the Southern ll r ‘l! g tefai * <»
b- judge of SfokTli aMe
are no people more hivi. tor ~, e Ul nk * there
ro.oe u !,£r?h t™* r,,r
lions, and that if permitted to dV W °.T C
would very s.,on 'recovert hey
trous results of the rebellion Th * di , s -* s '
of tlie Chief Justice int.l - Tlle “turn
tiou to quasi, the Davis indidm mr “
antieipated in this " t t Y" 8
Was not expected H, at the vimi'd.’ Hlt a
ture of Judge ITiiderwoo.i J Dd l ,^ t,v ® ~H‘
turn l>eing certified to the Bunrem . f^ Ueß ,
J. he P'| es Justice thinks there is no doubt
ajiout his opinion being sustained by the
sr-ariS" -