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GEORGIA JOURNAL & MESSENGER MAIX)N. TUESDAY JULY 23, 1869. RADICAL Ml TTERWIiH. The electiou iu Virginia has been a heavy bio v and great discouragement to the Radicals. They are genen&ly disap pointed. They expected to hold the State in the thraldom of a piebald radicalism, to add two Senators and ten Congressmen to their strength in the Federal Legisla ture, to have a good working majority in both Houses of the General Assembly, to have Wells, of Michigan, for Governor, and to give the administration of the local ghvernment to such white Underwoods and black Lindsays, as being unable to earn an honest living, have devoted them selves to the dishonest service of Radical ism, and now claim the wages of their labor. They were not without some hope, too, that they would carry the disfranchise ment and test oath clauses, and thus es tablish for an indefinite'period an Afri can-Jeremy-Diddier government over the land of Washington, Jefferson, Mason, and Patrick Henry. Beaten at all points, they now threaten to nullify the election by a resort to the desperate means of refusing to admit the .State into the Uniou under the Constitu tion adopted by the people, and they hint that General Grant shares their disap pointment, and will conuive at the com mission of the proposed act of bad faith and lawlessness, unless Governor Walker cuts loose from “ the Democrats and ex rdbels with whom he is affiliated.” We do not and cannot believethat Gen eral Grant will lend himself to any such course of conduct, or that he has paid any encouragement to the political despera does who propose it. Every step in the Virginfa emotion was taken iu strict con formity with the requirements of Con gress. The proposed Constitution was before Congress when ttie act was passed providing for its submission to the people in separate clauses. By that act it was provided that the people should accept or reject those clauses, and without perfidy hitherto unknown,even in Radical history, we cannot see how Congress can refuse to ratify the will of the people expressed ex actly as the Reconstruction bill prescribed. It is not pretended that the officers elected in Virginia’ were illegally chosen. No one voted who »was not registered by a Radicai by a Radi cal Governor, and all the votes were taken and counted by Radical officials selected expressly for the purpose. The only question that remains, then, is, are the officers so elected legally eligible? Are they qualified ? They possess the qualifi cations required by tiie State Constitution as adopted, minus the disfranchisement and test oath clauses inserted by its framers. What other qualifications can be demauded ? The election was held as Congress di rected. The whole proceeding from be ginning to end was mauaged, supervised and controlled by Radicals. Where, then, can Congress find an excuse for nullifying what Virginia has done and refusing her ad i ission into the Uniou? They can find none; and if they reject the result of the election and continue to exclude the State, they can only do so because the Radicals could not control votes enough to elect their own candidates. They have com mitted many arbitrary and law defying acts, but we hardly believe that even Forney will dare to recommend them to violate their pledges and cover themselves with anew coat of infamy, because they were out-voted ata fair election. It is hard, of course, tosee Wells obliged to return to obscurity iu Michigan, to lose the able counsel of Uuderwood uud Lind say in the senatorial seats once filled by Hunter and Mason, and to forego the re inforcement of their strength by ten full blooded Radical Congressmen from New England. It is hard to know that Vir ginians will rule Virginia, and hardest of all it is to feel that Africans have helped to bring about tills deplorable result by their support of Walker. But it cannot be helped. It is far wiser for Sumner, Forney and Boutwell with tears in their eyes and tremulous accents to say : “’l’is true ’tis pity; pity ’tls ’tis true,” accept the situation, and keep their pledges for once for tiie sake of variety. ROOFM ANSI HOOP’S EMIGRATION SCHEME From what we learn of Mr. Koopman 'choop’s scheme for the importation of k of Chinese laborers to work l! ‘ r g« •* stations, railroads, aud canals, on the plants a mi workshops of the and in the faetoi.„ t will meet South, we do not think tnat t: nog with much favor. The Chinese map p* r , sess all the good qualities whicli he at tributes to them. They may possess the industrial versatility which he claims for them, hut we suppose that eveu Koopmau schoop will admit that there are many of them who are lazy, vicious, incompetent, aud worthless. T«r»<j'>iro therefore,each piauter or contractor to pay SIOO iu gold in advance for eacli laborer he orders im ported, and then to pay sl2 per month in gold as wages, must, to say the least of it, limit very considerably the number of or ders which will be given to the Coolie im porter. We were led to imagine that the chief recommendation of Chinese labor tor tiio Mouth, wu its cheapues9; that tlie C oolies would be content with much atnallei wages, less food, etc., than are now given to negroes ; but this cannot be asserted »uy longer when an advance of SIOO and inouthly wages of sl2 (both in coin) are required, and that without any security being giveu that the laborer will suit. We rather think, however desirable it may be to have a large supply' of Coolies, that we must wait for the luxury', until j they' come here of their own accord, aud we can select our pig-tails for ourselves. It would be a good scheme, no doubt, for Mr. Koopuianschoop. He could make a gigantic fortune by the operation, but we do not see wherein the Southern planter or contractor would find his protit, while we can see wherein he might lose heavily. If our people are patient, they may de pend ou getting as mauy Coolies as they waut before long. Let those who are most eager make the experiment with Koop mauschoop, and then we shall know bet ter what to do, when we see for ourselves bow the machine works. UE.VI H OK LORD TAUNTON. Late cable dispatches from Loudon an nounce the death of Lord Taunton, better known as the Right Honorable Henry Labouchere, a distinguished British statesman, who has filled several high of tices in the Eoglish Government, and served in Parliament for many years. He was horn in Londou in the year 1798 was educated at Eton, and Oxford. Entered Parliament in 1826, and represen ted the Borough of Taunton from 1830 un til 1859 when he was raised to the peer age by’the title of Baron Taunton. A lordship of the Admiralty, the Presidency of the Board of Trade, Chief Secretary ship of Ireland and the Secretaryship of the Colonies, were among the appoint ments which he held under successive Whig administrations. In early life, in company with the pres ent Earl of Derby, aud Mr. Evelyn Deni son, Speaker of the House of Commons, he made an extensive tour in the United States. He was married twice, first to a daughter of Sir Thomas Baring, wnodi r ' in 1850, and secondly to Lady O'* Howard, daughter jy"' Tse deceased jj year. THE TRIAL OF TURNER. We have no disposition to prejudice by any remarks of ours the case of the un happy negro to whom circumstances, the evil disposition of a fanatical faction, an unjust policy, and the indiscreet counsel of professed friends, have given an unfor tunate prominence aud notoriety. If he he guilty of the grave offeßCe with which he stands charged, we hope that he may he punished as the law directs ; and if iiis guilt be not fully proved, we trust 1 1 1 at he may be acquitted. He ought not to he held responsible for the humiliation and cruel injustice done to the inhabitants of this city and the people of Georgia, by his appointment to the office from which he has been just suspended. That be is morally, intellec tually, and socially unfit for such an office is as well known to those who conferred it upon him, as it is to us ; but if it proves to those who, knowing his ignorance and want of capacity, appointed him to a posi tion of high trust in order to gratify an unjust malice against our people, that such acts are degrading only to their au thors, we shall be compensated for the injury that lias been done us. Whether Turner be adjudged guilty or innocent of the crime of counterfeiting with which he stands charged, we appre hend that sufficient has been proved to convince the most rabid and vindictive Radicals that the policy which dictated tiie appointment is false, and should be abandoned, aud that the party that ele vates vice, ignorance and stupidity, to places only to he filled by virtue, capacity and intelligence, will be condemned to eternal infamy, even though it may plead a desire to‘‘make treason odious” in ex tenuation of its guilt. W e have probably done with Turner as an agent of political and social discord iu our State, and the moral of the lesson taught by his undue elevation and igno minious fall will not, we trust, be un heeded either by tiie faction which used him as a tool for their base designs, or by tiie race to which he belongs. THE TEST OATH IN VIRGINIA. General Uanby persists in his construc tion of tiie law, which requires ttie mem bers elect of the Legislature of Virginia to subscribe tiie iron clad oath before they can take their seats. As it is notorious that nineteen out of every twenty of those members cannot take such an oath, and that nine hundred and ninety-nine of every thousand of the white population of Virginia caunot take it, it would seem that General Canby is anxious to do indirectly what he was not permitted to do directly, and to defeat the will of the people so recently emphati cally expressed, by excluding from the Legislature almost every mail of promi nence, respectability, and decent popular ity iu the State. Precisely the same question arose in this State about this time last year. It was pretended by tiie Radicals, who were frightened by tiie election of a number of respectable white men to the General As senibly, that the Reconstruction Acts re quired all provisional office holders to take the test oath, aud as the members of tiie Legislature were said to be office hold ers and provisional, until Congress accept ed tiie Constitution, ergo General Meade should not allow any member to take his seat whocould notswallow theDuuderberg without a wink or a wry face. Fortunately for Georgia General Meade took a different view. He held that all that tiie law required was that the mem bers should swear to support tiie Consti tution of tiie United States and the new Constitution of Georgia; hut in order to he doubly sure, be telegraphed to General Grant for instructions, and promptly re received a reply approving his opinion and ordering him not to require members of tiie Legislature to take the test-oath. The cases are exactly ideuctial. What was the law for unreconstructed Georgia witli George G. Mead*, as Major General commanding, is equally the law of unre constructed Virginia, with E. C. Canby, as Major General commanding. There can be no disputed construction of the law,because General Grant, as the Court of final appeal appointed by Congress, de cided tiie question fully aud clearly ; aud Congress itself, through its Judiciary Committee, gave a similar interpretation of the law iu tiie case of Louisiana, in a letter to tiie Governor of that Btate. To rule otherwise now would expose General Canby to very harsh and well I founded popular censure, because liis act will be attributed to partizanship aud not to conscientious discharge of duty —to a desire to gratify a few disappointed Radi cals, heedless of the consequences to the masses of the suffering and injured people whom he has been appointed to govern. All tiie Republican papers of respecta bility and influence oppose his proposed | course, and many Radical journals con demn it as uuwise and impolitic. We make the following extract from a recent article in the New York Tribune, which is so unusually just iu its counsel aud moderate in its tone—so clearly in favor of the acceptance of the election in good faith as a finality—that we commend its perusal by ail Radicals, and especially by tiie Major General commanding who sets up his construction of a law iu oppo sition to the judgment of many men his superiors iu army rank, in legal knowl edge, and iu political wisdom. Here is what the Tribune say 9 : ‘‘Every nue should take the oath of fidelity to the Government aud Constitu | tion, but not be required to swear that he I never gave aid or comfort to the rebellion, i It seems to us a strained construction of existing laws which require this. ‘‘There is nothing to be gaiued by shut ting out of tiie new Legislature two-score or so of the foremost men of the State. ic . * * * * * “’• - » *■ ‘-O'-'-.r-Vv isf the Walker “TfftY recSbfd^.ital^?/ 1 o'. u ’ aequies party was won on the ground*. Gi f Cosn ‘ £res e with 8 reco , Ustruction policy' this"va: gresi, with resistance to auy further’o’ • other penalties or proscriptions than are I of e tb!*V!i t b rth - Dl,ubtless - a majority I soiAevi reen would have preferred 1 assented to these, and they knOUJxev have ! to them, aud dealt with accordingly.” THE DEATH OF THE REV. R. K. PORTER. We sincerely regret to learn the death, at Atlanta, on the 15th iust., of the Rev. R. K. Porter, pastor of the Central Pres byteriau Church in that city. We have known Mr. Porter for many years Wo fanew him Ilrst as Chaplain the command of Gen. T. R. R. Cobb, in the Army of Northern Virginia, and sub sequently in the discharge of his ministe rial duties at Bath and at Atlanta. In the fullest acceptation of the words, Mr. Porter was a good mau —kind, earn est, sincere, tolerant, charitable aud ge nial. Devoted to the labors of his high calling, lie worked with all lii9 heart aud beyond his strength, and though repeat edly warned to take some rest aud recrea tion, he struggled on and fell iu the har ness. We offer our sincere condolence to his bereaved family and to his congregation. Mr. Porter was born at Cedar Springs, S. C., ou January 1, 1827, graduated at the Tj Diversity of South Carolina, aud entered the ministry immediately after he left the University. A NEW AND IMPORTANT ENTERPRISE. We are glad to learu that a number of our prominent and euterprisiug citizens con template the formation of a company, with a capital of $150,000 or $200,000, for the manufacture and sale of fertilizers, and that it is probable they will purchase from the Central R. R. Cos., fine buildings and depot now used by that Company, at East Macon. From what we kuow of the character aud standing of the gentlemeu connected with this projected enterprise, we feel as sured that whatever they may do will be well doue, and should they carry out their project, the people of Georgia will have reason to thank them for a great ser vice rendered. The company will he called the Geor gia Fertilizing Company, and will apply for a charter at an early day, to the Su perior Court of Bibb county. DEATH OF -OLD AUNT JENNY.” We see it announced in the Milledge ville papers that “old aunt Jenny Lamar” is dead. The history of this old negro woman is a practical refutation of the slanders, which Northern journals have been in the habit of publishing iu relation to the treatment of slaves by Southern owners. Jeuuy was the slave of Col. Jack Lamar, father of *»ur lamented fellow-citizen, Col. John B. Lamar, aud of Mrs. Howell Cobb. Sbe was a faithful and favorite servant, and since the death of her master has been fed, lodged, clothed and attended at the expense of General and Mrs. Cobb. For more than thirty amazement V£ e 1 ness, aud wbe n - av '“V behind her, and Milledgey iiver her, kissed her with a that made my “mouth water.” LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC NEWS. —Austria will probably adopt the French system of international coinage. It would willingly adopt her coin too. —The “Life of the late Earl of Dundon sld,” better known as Lord Cochrane, will shortly be published by Mr. Bentley. The editor is the present Earl of Dundouaid. —The subject for tire prize essay for the gold medal of the Cobden Club, for 1859, is ‘‘Free Trade in its Relation to the Colo nies and Dependencies of Great Britain.” —A bi-monthly literary publication of high character, si uilar iu appearance and size to the Revue des Deux Mondes , and named La Ravista de Espana, has been brought out at Madrid. —Dr. W. H. Russell, who accompanied the Prince and Princess of Wales on a visit to Egypt, Turkey, Greece, aud the Crimea, is preparing for immediate publi cation a narrative of bis tour. —The Emperor of the French is diligent ly at work on the concluding volume ot the ‘‘Life of Caesar.” He has nearly com pleted it, and it is expected that the work will be published soon. —The Breitmann Ballads are real suc cesses in London. Mr. Charles Leland, their author, has just arrived in England, and has been very well received in literary circles. —Mr. Bala is atwmt to write a pamphlet on hats, in the interest of a Manchester hatter. This versatile g ntleman seems to have no objection to this kind of work, for at least half-a-dozen of his smartly written articles are given away by Lon don tradesmen. Charles Elam, M. D., of London, in a paper bearing tiie title of ‘‘Medicine, Dis ease, aud Death,” claims that medical science, or rather medical control over dis ease in general, lias retrograded, instead of advanced, with the wonderful develop ment, within tiie past thirty years, of th j sciences tributary to medicine. —Mr. E. Deutsch, of 'lalmud fame, has returned to London from his Eastern jour ney, with curious additions to tiie special knowledge of scholars in Semitic an tiquities. Mr. Deutsch has deciphered the inscriptions on the “great stones” of the Temple platform, and finds them to be the Phceuician masons’ marks. He is stated also to have recovered the lost letters of the Maccabean Hebrew alptiabet. —The late Mr. J. G. Bell, of Manches ter, spent half a life-time in illustrating a folio edition of the Holy Bible. The work grew under his hands, and at his death the accumulation of engravings, photographs ami original drawings, was so large that it filled 63 folio volumes. This Bible is now for sale. Tiie celebrated Bowyer Bible reached only forty-five vol umes, but then photography had not come into general use. —The progress made in piercing the tunnel through the Alps, continues to he most satisfactory. Os tiie length of 13,000 yards, originally contracted for, to be tun nelled, they had cut through, on the Ist of May, 1868, 10,200 yards, ieaving only 2,800 yards to be pietced at that day. Cal culating for the future an average month ly cutting of 120 yards, we may expect this immense undertaking to be completed iu about two years hence. —Theaccounts given of the new subma rine steamship, invented by Otta Vogel, sound fabulous, and yet tiie Berlin Bor senzeitung, asserts that the Prussian Ad miralty has approved of the plans sub mitted to them for inspection. The ves sel, covered with strong platting, is en tirely below the surface of the sea, with the exception of the deck, which issur mounted by a vaulted iron roof of im mense strength. Beneath this covering heavy guns are placed so that the whole greatly resembles a first-rate iron-clad It is said, however, that besides all the ad vantages of such tnen-of-war, the new ship may be entirely submerged, aud in this position is so completely under com mand that it can outweather a storm or attack an enemy, with submarine can non and torpedoes. Mr. Vogel is now engaged in constructing a large model, 24 feet in length, which will soon be finish ed. IMPORTANT TO AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES. Macon, Ga., July 17th, 1869. The Secretary of ttie Agricultural Socie ty requests tiie city papers to re-publish tiie following form of a constitution for Agricultural Societies, as we often receive requests for copies. He suggests further that the formation of county clubs and tiie representation by delegation of their societies in the great eouveutiou, which will be held during the Fair, will be a matter of some importance to these socie ties and delegates in the way of extra privileges and advantages afforded them as such. Some forty societies, with tiie names of officers atui members, are already received and enrolled. Papers of the State please copy. David VV. Lewis, Sec. FORM OF CONSTITUTION FOR COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. The undersigued, citizens of county, by affixing their names to the subjoined Constitution, and by paying annually two dollars for membership, or ten dollars for life membership, do form themselves into an organization to be dnown as the County Agricultural Society—the objects of which will be encouragement of all im provement iu agriculture, and of all the kindred arts and sciences which tend to increase the profits and pleasures of agri cultural labor, and render home life on the farm attractive and happy. The officers shall be a President, elected by ballot by tiie members present at the close of each annual meeting; one Vice- President from each militia district iu the county ; a Secretary and aTreasurer — all elected iu the same manner at the same time. These officers shall constitute an Execu tive Committee, who shall have the pow er to fix tiie time and place of holding the annual meetings and fairs, and to pre ist ibe the rules aud regulations to be ob ’•* jved in tiie management of the same. Bci t shall also be the duty of this commit ser to encourage ite monthly meetiugs of I Society, especially during the period for and the tillage of the „ rn ps; and to bring before such meetings those topics and questions for colloquial debate, but calculated to keep up the work and the spirit of improvement. It snail further be tiie duty of this committee and of its individual members, to procure, from time to time, written essays and ad dresses on appropriate subjects from per sons distinguished for their success in agri culture. o; for their learniug in the kindred arts and sciences. The Secretarial! kc~p a full and per fect record of iue proceedings of the So ciety. The Treasurer shall make, whenever called upon by the Society or Executive Committee, a full exhibit of the financial affairs of the Society, and be the keeper of the Society’s funds. The President shall have the to call a special meeting of the Committee or the Society when, in his opinion, the in terest of the Society requires it. THE CROPS. Caliioun County.—The corn crop of Calhoun county is safe; plenty will be made to do the cou ut> , and the prospect good for a cotton crop. It is thought that the corn trade of Dawsou will be slim next summer. So mote it be. Taliaferro County.—A letter from Crawfordsville says: “We are very dry here, wautiug raiu badly. Corn is suffer ing greatly, aud this crop will be cut short if we get uo.raiu soou. Tiie gardens are burned up ” Terrell County.—We hear favorable reports from almost every section of our country as to crops, weather and health, but there are localities that need raiu aud the corn crop has suffered materially in consequence thereof. Dooly County. —The crops in this sec tion are promising an abundant harvest, aud this fact is remarkable from the dearth of sufficient rain in this portion of the country. Our freedmen are deportiug themselves commendably. Washington County.— A subscriber to the Savauuah News, writing from San dersville under date of 13tb, says: “We have had some very dry weather in this county, which, if not relieved soon by rain, will cause the crops to suffer. The crops at present are generally good.” Elbert County.— The Elberton Ga zette says : “From all parts of the county we learn that the crops are suffering for the want of rain. In some places there has not been a good season for about six or seven weeks, and the prospect for a corn crop is very gloomy. We understand that wheat has taken a sudden rise in conse quence of the diy weather.” Putnam County.— The Eaton ton Press says: “Since our la9t issue we have been enduring the warmest weather of the sea son—thermometer ranging from eighty | ine to one hundred degrees in the shade. Immediately about Eatontou we are not lfl'ering or rain, but in some sections of e country the farmers areon the anxious ;ch. Iu several instances we have in nd there has been no rain on the farm three weeks past.” GEORGIA JOURNAL AND MESSENGER SCIENCE AS A PROFESSION. We devote a considerable portion of our available space this morning to the publi cation of the able, timely, and instructive address of Professor VV. Leroy Broun to the Senior Class of the University of Georgia. The address will well repay perusal. Every youDg man, especially those who are about to graduate and select their fu ture calling iu life ought to give careful attention to the great truths which it con tains, and principally to that portion of it which refers to the ‘‘dignity of labor” and the claims of “practical science ” Our legislators are recommended to study that part of the address which sets forth the necessity for the appointment of a State Geologist to point out the great mineral resources of Georgia, and thus fa cilitate their development, and the value which would be derived from an accurate survey of the State such as wa9 ordered in Virginia a couple of years ago. In consenting to publish this address, Rrofessor Broun has placed the people of Georgia under obligations to him, and for the compliment he has paid us iu placing his manuscript at our disposal, we beg him to accept our thanks. ADDRESS TO THE SENIOR CLASS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA. DELIVERED BY PROF. W. LEROY BROUN. Gentlemen of the Senior Class : J am here to-night at your solicitation to speak to you of work —not hand-work, but braiu-work; aud not braiu-work alone, but brain-work and hand-work combined. “Six days slialt thou labor,” is the command of G>d. Labor isthe-eou ditiou of life; accept it with joy, for ther«t is no happiness without it. 1 am sure yoti are prepared to do this ; but in this inter esting period of your life’s history, being about to enter the arena aud take part iu ttie battle of life, the anxious question arises with each, how shall I labor?—in what direction should my efforts be di rected? You enter life at a peculiar period—at a period which will be marked in history as the transition state. The elements of so ciety have not yet returned to a condition of equilibrium. An old civilization has passed away, to be known hereafter only in history ; now to be replaced by anew one. What is the genius of this new con dition—of this new civilization iu which you are to take part? Surely, it becomes you to consider it well, to appreciate it properly, to lay aside, to bury deep, deep, far down, all prejudice, aud to accept with its fullest meaning this new philosophy of our present civilization—of the dignity of labor. That is it, gentlemen; that is the distinctive characteristic of this new order that is, iu future, to mark the civili zation of our people—the dignify of labor, the dignity of work, both hand-work and brain-work. Does it require a demonstra tion to show you that to speak of the dignity of labor is anew philosophy? Consult your own prejudices, cousult the unfortunate prejudices that you have legitimately inherited. Not many years ago a young mechanic invented a sewing machine. Under the old order that ruled with us, that fact would have militated against him, and been regarded as a social objection, aud yet Howe lived to acquire, as the result of his geuius, au immense fortune, and to he entertained by tiie crowned heads of Europe as one of the benefactors of his race. Unfortunately there needs no demon stration that there exists a necessity to adopt a profession ; art, science, literature cannot be pursued for their own sake. There exists the unfortuuate necessity that your profession 9ball contribute to your support. This, then, will be with you one of tiie controlling motives iu its selection. I speak generally. You must, gentlemen, he producers—not consumers. You must create wealth. It is a plain proposition there can be no high develop ment in art or literature without leisure, aud there cau be no leisure without wealth. Hence tiie necessity of adopting that profession that will create the means of affording the leisure necessary for high social development. In selecting a profession, there is an im portant preliminary question necessary for you first to decide. It is this : Do you wish to be something, or do you wish to do something? Great mistakes are some times made from failing to distinguish properly between these questions. It is a very common desire professed by men, young men especially, to be something; but to do something is not generally so ardently cherished. The profession of law has always been extensively popular amoug our young men of the South, and even retains its popularity at the present day. A close examination of its young voiaries would no doubt reveal the fact that a large majority are of that class who were eminently desirous of being some thing. It was generally adopted iu for mer years, not as an end, but as a means of promotion in political life. That was the controlling motive in many instances, aud that now is tiie cause of prejudice in its favor. The mistake is, that law, as iu former days, is no longer the royal road to political preferment, and if you select that profession, iu itself one of the noblest, adopt it as au end and not as a means, to be prostituted to low ambition. In connection with the very general preference among the young men of the South for the profession of law, I would mention just here what I regard as a radi cal error in regard to the object of educa tion. I lately heard a distinguished gen tleman express this view, with which I imagine some of you may agree—that the object of education was “to teach a man to write well and speak well.” From this I totally dissent. As well judgeof the char acter of a mau by the dress he wears, as of his ideas by the words in whicli they are clothed. Tiie object of educition is to teach a man to think well and act well. Do not, then, rely for success upon the talent for declamation or oratory you may possess. Depend upon it you will find the world wants acts, not words—deeds, not speeches. There is one profession whose claims I would commeud toymi most heartily—one excelled only by that of the ministry. I allude to the profession of teaching. There has been an unfortunate habit among our young men of the South to adopt the pro fession of teaehiug as a means to be aban doned for that of law, or some other, iu a few years. When adopted as a profession as au end, facts show, apart from tiie means of doing good offered, that it affords splendid opportunities for eminent dis tinction. Now, especially, is the field in viting to you. The demaud for education was never greater. Education, more than ever before, will constitute the great distinction between men with U 9 iu future. This fact is recoguized. We want every where iu the South, but es pecially iu Georgia—and of Georgia I now speak—primary schools, grammar schools aud high schools. We would appeal to our young men to establish high schools everywhere in the State They will then educate the thousands of teach ers now needed for the primary schools. I would have you preserve copies of the ex aminations to which you have been sub jected, especially of those which form the basis of all education, and be not content till you can subject your pupils to precise ly the same examinations in mathematics aud ancient languages, that you have ju3t passed. Then we will have progress. Then, we here, can build a story higher. I appeal to you not alone from motives of patriotism, but from that laudable ambi tion that fills the breast of every noble young man, of meriting the approbation of liis fellow men, to examine well the claims of this profession. But one mo ment longer in regard to this subject of education. You mu9t not make the mis take of supposing you have completed yours. You have just begun. Education is a matter of life, aud not a few years at college. You have here learued some thing of many things, now you have to learn much of something. Now you will have to sharpen your wedge and iearu to drive it with the sharp end foremost. While I would guard you against this mistake in respect to your own education, I would caution you iu regard to a popu lar error, that the masses are educated by teaching them the three R’s. For, as ha!s been observed, with the three R’s a fourth Ris apt to go along— Rascaldom. Integri ty and virtue, truth and honor, constitute a i etter foundation for the superstructure of society ihan a superficial knowledge of three R’s. without the manly virtues! 5 But, gentlemen, you wish to know some thing of the claims of science as a profes sion. You live in an ageof steam and elec tricity. These are the agents of modem civ ilization. They constitute the bodv and spiritofmodern life; one transports matter, the other thought. And now, thanks to your Alma Mater, she does not send you forth to do battle with this modern artil lerey, armed alone with the RomaQfiij er .. sword and Grecian shield: * taken somewhat to put you in harmony with the generation of which you firm a part; to fit you somewhat for contact with these new elements of civilization. And here let me say there is no place in science for men who simply want to besometbiug. Science is a jealous mistress, and exacts increasing attention. Her votariessbriuk from no labor however great. Hence, to men who want to do something, she ex tends an inviting hand. Our own South wauts men; the demand is greater than the9upply. I have no sympathy what ever with a young man at the present day who sits, complaining that he can find nothing to do. Why, sir, if you really want to do something, there are hundreds of men now looking for you. You are the very mau they want, if he supply can never equal the demand for men of your character. Our own South is to be developed and made to blossom as the rose by these modern agents of progress, through your instrumentality; you are to do it. You know the influence of railroads, you kuow the wealth they have created; what in fluence they are yet to have will be in comparably greater than that already ex erted by them. In 1867 there were nearly .40,000 miles of railroad in the United States. The tonnage moved by them was over 48,000,000 tons. This would make produce to tiie value of $7,200,000,000, moved by the railroads iu one year ; more than double the national debt. Accord ing to the authority of those versed in these matters, this value is increasing iu something like a geometrical progression, upon a preseut ratio of $300,000,000 a yaar. Take this iu connection with the rapid increase of our population, aud what will be the rapid iucrease in this State through immigration, especially when Georgia forms that intimate union with the West, which will result from the great Cincin nati Trunk Railroad? Consider this won derful annual iucrease in tiie products of our country, iu the facilities for trans portation aud in the number of its people. Is there no demand here for work, both haud-work and brain work? In former days freight was carried by water ; now, trade being governed by the telegraph, water communication is too slow, aud the railroad is successfully com peting with the river even in the trans portation of produce. Hence the necessity of the increase of railroads, and the grow ing demand there will be for many years to come of the application of science in this direction. Has the mineral wealth of Georgia been developed? Where will we get information ou the subject? Has a physical survey of the State been made? None that lam aware of. What we need here iu Georgia right now, is an accurate survey of the State—a topographical sur vey of eacli county; we want a careful estimate of tiie immense water power of the State—an estimate of this immense wealth, for power is wealtli that is now suffered to remain unproductive iu our midst; we need more defiuite knowledge of tiie geological formations of the State description of its plants, its minerals, its climate and all its resources. In short, a History of the natural wealth of Georgia. Such a history would be of immense value to our people, and would exert great influ ence in causing Georgia to maintain her proud pasi Jon of the Ernpiie State of the South. Shall the survey be made? Shall tiie history be written? If so you are to do it. The educated young men of the State are to take the initiation. Hence ttiere is a wide field for usefulness far more attractive, far more manly than tiie old lia ’iueyed office-seeking road of tiie poli tician. But cannot something be done in this department? It must receive the sanction of, and be undertaken by the Sta'e. Individual enterprise caunot and will not accomplish it. But the State can accomplish it. I liink of it, see the great results that will How from it, agitate it. Use your influence to have it done, a id it will be doue ; for you are desliued soon to have control. I have unbounded confidence in tiie educated young men of the South. There is a bright future before you, there is a great work to be done. Lend no listening ear to the complaining tones of those who sigh for the days of ttie past. Look be fore you, and not behind you ; ami with y ur aid this new Georgia of the future wili far excel, in ail the elements of great ness, the glory of ttie historic Georgia of the past. With a climate unsurpassed, we have a soil peculiarly adapted to tiie growth of cotton. This constitutes our agricultural wealth. But this raw mate rial is trebled and quadrupled in value by the manufacturer. Are you. then, to spend your days iu discussing local political questions; in making political harangues at tiie cross roads, and leave to others to amass ttie wealth accruing from the ap plication of science to the manufacture of our raw material ? Hre we have the raw material, and there is tiie water power. We want tiie men of science, skilled in mechanics, to bring these two together; to unite them indissolubly, and thus treble the wealth of the State. But Georgia wauts not only men skilled in the manufacture of cotton; 9he needs practical chemists to develop the mineral wealth, and scientific machinists—men qualified to superintend aud direct the manufacture of the various agricultural implements, and of the numberless ma chines needed by a prosperous aud grow ing people. Besides the manufacture of textile fab rics, we may refer you to the immense importance of tiie production of iron aud steel from the mineral ores. The aunual production of iron is far more valuable thau that of gold. It has done more to assist civilization iu its onward march than any other of the mineral prrductious. Deprive tiie world of the use of iron and the car of progress would roll back centu ries. In 1856, over six auu a half millions of tons of iron were aunually consumed. Great Britaiu alone produced more than half the iron of the world, and now pro duces more than twice as many tons of iron annuaily as the South does of bales of cotton, and yet the demand equals the supply, so infinite is the variety of uses to which it is applied. You ail know the tedious aud expensive process of manufac turing steel, as formerly adopted ; aud you are no doubt familiar with the iugenious, scientific processes introduced by Mr. Bessemer, of England, by which cast iron from the furnace lias such an amount of carbon burnt out as to be converted di rectly into steel, at a gteatly reduced cost. Have such honor and fortunes, as Mr. Bessemer aud Sir Win. Armstrong have received, no attractions for the talented young men of the South ? A9 great as the improvements are that have been made, still greater are yet to be made. Skilled scientific mechanics constitute a power in any land. The South sadly felt the need of such men in the late war; she no le.-s sadly feels their need now. She wants men who in all respects will furnish illus trations of Milton’s definition of a com plete and generous education, as “ that which fits a man to perform justly, skill fully aud magnanimously ail the offices, both private and public, of peace aud of war.” We have been reproached as having no mechanical talent; as not having the abil ity to cope with modern civilization. I may be permitted, just here, to mention a few fact 9 which came immediately under my owu observation, as a matter of his tory, aud for the purpose of repelling the reproach that mechanical talent and in genuity is not the possession of the South I'he great want, felt daily during the war, was skilled mechanics. Untried men had to make themselves skilled; skilled in many departments, from the preparation of the crude material to their fiual manu facture. \Vitues9 the splendid powder manufactory at Augusta, the largest in the United States, where as fine powder was made as in any of the best Euglish mills, and that, too, by men who a short time previous were wholly inexperienced. We needed percussion taps in large quanti ties. No machines were in use for filling and pressing. It was the slow, uncertain work of hand. No one of those engaged ever saw such a machine. The necessity existed, and one was invented aud con structed by inexperienced Southern men. It worked admirably, and made, with four employes, 300,000 caps each day— what fifty hands, unaided, could uot have doue so well. The supply of copper was exhausted. There was none to be ob tained. We held possession of no mines. A small thing could bring the war to a sudden close—as small a thing as a failure in the supply of caps. In this emergency the copper stills used in North Carolina for distilling turpentine and brandy, were oo.iverted into percussion caps. It is a historical fact, of which I am best cognizant, that all the battles fought in the last twelve months of the war was fought with caps made of these North Carolina stills. But this supply was not inexhaustible, and arrangements were being made to extract the tin from theold bronze cannon, so as to convert them back to malleable copper. But this subject of. caps was beset with difficulties. I hej&AfteTof mercury, made you know. ift,f r j c add anc j alcohol Our ojjpfyof nitric acid becameexhausted, and that we had to make. But to make nitric acid required nitre and .sulphuric acid. The materials to make them existed in large quantities, and we fortunately hud scientific men to accomplish the work. The nitric acid was thus supplied. Rut in the course ofa few months the mercury became exhausted. The stringency of he blockade rendered it impossible to procure a supply. Battles were being fought; thousands of cartridges weredai y ordered and consumed. Was the arsenal to close for waul of mercury, aud the war thus to come to a suddeu end ? No mercury could he obtained, hut something was to be done; the caps were to be made. The result was, after repeated experiments, there was dls covered a combination, never before used, that was in »)i respects as reliable as the old compouud of mercury. We still con tiuued to manufacture caps by the huu dreds of thousands in this original way. with which ail the battles of the last eight mouths of the war were fought. I men tiou this as a matter of history aud to show you that itouly needs your attention to he be directed to applied science to attaiu excellence thereiu. Men who cau apply science to the arts, to the necessities of life, are always valu able, always ueeded. Whitworth, the celebrated English manufacturer, oou tributed a year ago, a half million dollars to educate aunually thirty young men in practical mecbauics. Armstrong, aban doued the law aud applied himself to im provements iu rifle artillery. For his im provements he received a princely fortuue aud the honor of knighthood, iu Great Britaiu and on the Continent, they know how to appreciate such knowledge. So great has been the advance iu this direc tion, they even threaten tlie abolition of the old mediocral system of education. But among the thousands of applica tions of sciences to the necessities of man kind, there is none of more value aud more generally acknowledged than its application to agriculture. Here is au iu~ vitiug, exteusive field open to all. Toeu gage therein requires uo appointment from corporations. Here, gentlemen, is room for brain-work. It is not said that you could begin improvements at once iu agriculture ; you would here have to serve your apprenticeship as iu any other pro fession. But we do mean to say, you could fiud use therein for all the kuowl» edge of science you possess. Has it yet been demonstrated iu Georgia how much cotton, how much coru, how much wheat au acre of land will produce? That is au unsolved pr iblem. Is it not a matter to excite iutense interest and careful thought? Is he not a benefactor of his race who by careful iuduction establishes a method of increasing the production of the soil to a maximum, by incurring a minimum expeuse? He has beeu and always will he so regarded by his fellow men. Improvements in the modes of agricul ture are going on everywhere. All our old methods have to be changed. Our old lauds are to be reclaimed. Machiuery is to be substituted for manual labor. The malarious districts are to be rendered healthy ; the waste swamps to be made arable. Even the vastswampsof the South ern part of our own State are to be drained and rendered fit for cultivation. These are some of the thiugs that are to be and will be accomplished by the coming men of science; aud who are so fitted for this great work as the educated young men of the South? There is another application of science which we may consider of modern date and astonishing in its results. Electricity as taught to your fathers was a matter of envious scientific iuterest and of amusing experiment. Now it is a profession in its practical application, that furnishes em ployment to thousands, and requires the best years of oue’s life to master iu all its details. The telegraph uow is a uecessity— a part of the life of the world. It is only a quarter of a century old, and now, by its net vyork of wires, our very wishes cau be instantaneously transmitted to nearly every point of the civilized globe. When your fathers were about to begin life as you are now, what would have been their thoughts had they beeu told that a man could hold a pen in his baud iu Athens and write his name in New York; that h 6 could stand in Athens and fire a can non in Han Francisco; that the sound of a hammer upon a railroad spike in the distant Rocky Mountains could be so in tensified as to b 6 heard iu every city in the Union ; that lightning would become an article of trade, to be bought and sold as other commodities are? With us fa miliaiity has blunted the edge of wonder. Judging from ttie past, we iufer that the science of electricity, as applied to the wants of :i an, is yet in its infancy. Greater things remain yet to be done than have been done. There are great prizes yettobewon in this depaitment. Such improvements must be and'will be made ; as to reduce the tariff; to diminish the cost of transmission of messages to such an extent that mankind generally will, in coming years, communicate by the tele graph lustead of by the transmission of letters by mail. Our postolHces will then be telegraph offices to receive and deliver messages. To he the author of the dis covery ihat will result in this great ad vance, is not that a prize worth striving for? Besides the uses of electricity in telegraphs, it is of exieuded use in electro typing aud electroplating. It is used as a motive power for clocks; as a fire-alarm indicator, and as a beacon light for the mariner. It has also been recently intro duced iu the economy of manufactures to produce costly patterns iu mono ebrom atic textile fabrics, and has beeu proposed as a substitute for gas in illumiuatiug our cities. It cau be made, so completely is ihisageut under the control of man, to record the feeble pulse of the dying pa tient; to fire at will distant masses of ex plosive matter, or to impel an engine with its train. It has been proposed as a mo tive power as a substitute for steam. Will electricity take the place of steam? At present it is a question of economy ; in time it may be clone, and what then ? Power is always in demand. Haid Watt to a visitor examining his engines, “We make here what all the world needs, pow er.” And should this new source of power be sufficiently great iu proportion to its weight, then serial navigation would be no longer impossible. The railroads would have performed their parts iu the history of human progress. But there will be no demand for anew source of power so long as the production of the present agent is so consistent with economy. Still we find men of science already anticipating the great cost of steam in the increased cost of fuel, and casting about for anew source of heat. Theory points to the sun ; the center of our system, the agent; the producer on earth of all power, of all activity, as the future storehouse from which coming generations will draw their needed sup plies of heat, which coming men of sci ence will learn to bottle and reclaim, and convert to power to do needed labor as re quired. Only a few of the more prominent appli cations of scieuce have been alluded to. In the short space of a lecture and in the very brief tiuieallowed in the preparation of this, it is not possible to do more than briefly mention general subjects and sug gest a line of thought. Your own reflec tions will show you that all the useful arts are refined applications of science. I need not refer you to the beautiful and costly dyes, now made from coal tar; to the valuable salts and acids that are made from the ores of the earth ; to the medici nal preparations made from the vegetable and mineral kingdom; or to the varied uses of steam in substituting mechanical for animal power. Among all these varid applications of science to the wants of mankind, cannot our educated young men find vocations as honorable, as attractive, and at last as profitable, as the old time honored traditional professions of law and medicine. To what is due the boasted progress of the 19th century ? Is it not wholly due to the advance in scieuce and its application to the useful arts? Cast your minds back iu the history of the world hardly more than half a century, before science had discov ered the method of controlling the subtle electric fluid, before the days of James Watt, before steam and electricity had be gun their work of civilization, and you find no cause for boasting, no cause for self-glorification. The modes of life but little changed in a century. But now you enter the arena at a most propitious time. The casting of your horoscope would in dicate a conjunction of most favorable planets. You begin the work where the preceding generation left it. The founda tions of this temple of science were thor oughly laid,far back by such men as Bacon, as Galileo, as Newtou, and a host of other master spirits. Noble mea of every clime have contributed tothe superstructure —’tis yours to add thereto. The boasted knowl edge of the ancients sinks into insignifi cance. ' You begin life this day a knowledge of *— tnan was ever the wildest imaginings of the greatest sage of Greece or Home. You are better versed in science this day titan was ever Euclid or Aristotle, or Pytha goras, or any other sage, famed in an tiquity. You begin from this most com manding standpoint. Let this thought cheer you and iuspire you to vigorous ac tion. Thus far we have presented to you the claims of practical science. Is there nota higher, a more elevated standpoint than this? As virtue is its own reward, so truth—abstract science, whose end is truth, should he pursued for the sake of truth. Aud the immediate reflex influ ence of the profession whose claims we preseut to you is to reveal to conscious ness—to evolve the inherent ideal of di vinity in man. Your constant thought inns' he law—of law in its highest form, impressed by au all powerful Creator on matter. Such reflection beget a love of order, a devotion to obedience aud truth. By great assiduity you may go beyoud the threshold of the temple of scieuce, where you now stand- You may, by a sincere devotion of a life of labor, be one of the favored few who are admitted into the innermost sanctuary, whereiu nature with uuveiled face holds sweet couverse with her votaries. \ou remember the ancient fable, that in Armenia there was a river that flowed, without intermixture, through the bitter waters of the lake Arethusa, aud emerged on the opposite side, preserving its own purity, its own sweetness. You, protected by an earnest devotion to science, with your souls filled with high resolves, may pass through the vice and ignorance and loathsome demoralization that mark this trausition state of public society ; and like the fabled stream that flowed through tlie bitter wateis of Arethusa, emerge pure and uudefiled by the contaminating influ ences that will surround them. Dr. Arnold, of Rujby School, once remarked that he bad frequently observed what con stituted the great difference hetweeu hoys at school, was precisely that which con stituted the difference between men in i lie world; it was euergy, not talent. Re member, gentlemen, euergy is talent. Take this truth home toyour bosoms, that tne law that action and reaction are equal, true iu your daily life as iu mechan ics, that your success will depend on and be proportionate to your own individual action. You have explored with me the realms of space; we passed from planet to planet, from system to system, aud no where in all the universe did we find a point at rest. In all our studies, this great truth was constantly impressed upon us, that quiescence, inactivity, indolence, is darkness and death ; hut motion, activity, energy, is light aud life. Fixedness of purpose, supported by energy and devotion to truth, will give you power among men. Straight as the faithful steel points where the pole star shineth o’er one spot, tread onward : “Let thought be in thine eye, And from thy brow the dew of labor start And let the love of what is pure and high Be strong within thy heart.’’ Athens, Ga., July 6th, 1869. To Messrs. A. C. howze, W. E. Bird. E. M. Murphey, Com. Senior Class, Uni versity of Georgia: Hiks: —When you first made applica tioil for permission to publish the lecture on Science as a Profession, delivered at the request of your class, I declined, inas much as the important subjects briefly al luded to in the lecture required that elabo rate expansion which they could not re eeive iu the few days allowed me amid the pressure of college duties. But, since being assured by others, that the views then presented will do good, by attracting the attention of the young men of Geor gia, to the great work now needed, and being anxious to make auy contribution, be it ever so little, to the material develop ment of our State, I place it at your dis posal, hoping at some future day to elabo rate this subject more fully. Very Respectfully, W. Leroy Broun. COTTON STEALING IN NEW YORK. A correspondent of the New York Journal of Commerce, wiites to that pa per as follows upon the subject of cotton stealing in the warehouses of that city : New York, July e. Messrs. Editors: Complaint is often made of losses in the weight of cotton. To-day while looking out of my office window, I saw a solution of this whole difficulty. Opposite, there is a cotton warehouse (and there are several others in the neighborhood,) aud I saw the thi ves stealing the cotton as it came from the warehouse. The word stealing tells (lie whole story. All hands steal. The cart men, the laborers, the samplers, and hosts of girls and boys, and men and women, that are liangiug around, all steal. And the warehousemen themselves, wiuk at it, if they do not profit by this wholesale stealing. If you will spend a few min utes at my office, almost auy day you may witness all that I have detailed 'above. At the same time, probably, you may see a policeman leisurely walking by ignorant of all that is going on. A short time since I called the attention of a policeman to a case of cotton stealing, and he told me that he would not arrest a cotton thief if he saw him in the act. His excuse was that the Police Justice would not notice him, and that he would get nothing hut abuse for his pains, and that if he persis ted in doing his duty that lie could not keep his place three months. This is a dreadful condition of things. Iu my neighborhood are several places where this stolen cotton is openly bought, and the thieves cau be seen going in and out at all times of the day, aud their busi ness is no secret. Now, Mr. Editor, I ask the question, cau this tiling go on and our community not suffer? Men aud women are not the only ones engaged in this business, hut scores of little children are included among the thieves, aud they show as much skill as their elders. This city will suffer in its business un less this thing is stopped It is not safe to send cotton to New York for sale. I would not do so, and would advise my friends not to do so, unless a stop could he put to this wholesale thieving. A loss of one or two hales to a hundred is trifling, it must he much greater. Our judges arnl police will do nothing. Cannot our cot ton merchants devise some plan to stop it? If not, the day cannot be distant when it will be a bold aud reckless man that will send his cotton to New York for sale. An Old Subscriber. CUBA. Letters from Havana, under date of 7th inst., represent that na military operations of importance are going ou, and the con centration of the revolutionary forces iu the viciu'ty of Puerto Principe has not been, up to date, productive of the expect ed grand battle between the contending factions. Iu fact, the general situation of affairs may be summed up in the trite and oft repeated sentence so frequent du ring our own civil war, ‘‘All quiet along the Potomac.” The following proclamation proves that the most vigorous measures will be adopt ed against the rebels, armed and unarmed, and that de Rodas is determined not let the grass grow under his feet iu his efforts for the complete pacification of the coun try : Superior Political Government of the Province of Cuba: The insurrec tion, reduced in its impotence to the sus tenance of detached hands, whose watch word is extermination, perpetrating crimes without example in the history of Civilized nations, individual security and the laws of justice being the first guaran tee of person and property, demand that justice should be expeditious and void of complaisance toward those who have passed themselves outside of the law. The criminal will not, however, lack guarantees of rigid impartiality during the trial and elimination of proof of hn crime, but without allowing any delay to detain or paralyze at present the sentence of the law and an inexorable compliance with it. Custodian of the integrity of our territory, protector of the honorable man and the peaceable citizen, complying with the duties of my charge and making use of the faculties conceded me by the Gov ernment of the nation, I decree : Article I. A rigorous compliance with the circulars of this superior political Government bearing date 12th and 13th of February of the present year. (This re fers to Dulce’s decree as to the treatment of all rebels against the Government. Art. 2. For the crimes of intentional in cendiarism, assassination, armed robbery and contraband traffic; prisoners will be tried by a grand court-martial. Art. 3. The tribunals of justice will continue to exercise their functions with out prejudice to my right of the consider ation of those cases which, from special circumstances, may require it. Caballero de Rodas. Havana, 6th July, 1869. The decrees referred to in the first ar- I tide are those of Dulce following the ex piration of bis amnesty They refer to the suppression of the freedom of the press, the re-establishment ot the censor ship, the punishing of disloyalty linjiden cia) by council of war, and give defini tions of that offence. —Captain Haynes, the notorious Arkan sas mUutaman, was killed by Clarence inst Cr ariOD ’ Arkansas, on the 15th THE NEWS. The next State elections will i*. if , tucky, August 2; Alabama, An “ . n ‘ Tennessee, August 6. 3; - A Chinese Emigration Booietv capital of $1 000 000, $40,000 nai,! nn W^ th been formed at Memphis. U P> —The eclipse of the sun on the -*k August begins at Macon 4b. 4> ; of ends 6h. 36. sm. “ a od —The Radical press- of Viralm. cojored men “niggers” since th« ,&1 tion. ue e*ec —The Tennessee Courts have Governor Henter on the question power to remove and api K )int reJ , “ ls of election. 1 re & ls trar s —Professor Maury, of the Vir«i„i . itary Institute, has accepted the of President of the University bania. J 1 Ala —Lieutenant General Arthur in England ou the 23d ult., aged five years. He served in the cami»r» . 1815 with the Thirtieth Reeimi *“ of was slightly wounded at W aterloo U ’ au<l -England is at present involve,! controversy with her colonists j n v a Zealand, which may result in tec membermeutof that colony from .i, Ul "' pire. lUe «n. —lt is reported that anew Conserve, paper will he started >n W’a>h „ tt ton the Fall, with Hon. Edmund Cl ID , New Hampshire, at the head of i, s e^; of rial c rps. euito —Attorney General Hoar lias delir. , an opinion that the main line„t u ;‘p * l * 4 Railroad commences at the l(K)tl „ ,' lu loDgltude „c st, a„ d 2 eastern boundary of the Htate of e uia. '-amor -Governor Henter is turning outtheoM registers ot election by wholesale Stokes party is greatly exei'ed n,eP„ eruor has ordered two companies nf 1' , v ' tia to Knoxville from Civilfe says he will order more if his register. “ interfered with. Centre lion. James Shannon, of Kenf,,„i for thirty-five years previous to E y ,' member of the Democratic State CenL? Committee, died iu Frankfort ou K i last, aged eighty years He waMhVS mate friend of Amos Kendall, and aft.' warns of Governor Powell. —A Knoxville correspondent of the \e«. York Herald estimates that Henter Vi i have 15,000 trn jnrily in Fast Tenne* alone, while in Middle aud West Teni.rV see, outside of Nashville and Menu,hi,' where the uegro vote is large, he « h make a clean sweep. —William H. Jeffers, Esq , of Pawtuck et, R. 1 , fell from a window of the Bait House, in Mobile, on the nightof the lhh and broke his neck. He hud been in th« city hut a day or two, having in charge a new Steam fire engine, which lie had iuat bimight out. J 8t —The latest estimate of the new Virginia Legislature is as follows : Senate-while Conservaties, 31; white Radicals, s; n, L -ro Radicals, 4. Conservative majority is. House of Delegates—w hite Conservatives' 97; negro Conservatives, 3; white Radi! cals, 33; negro Radicals. 11. Conservative majority, 56. Conservative majority on joint ballot, 75. * —The Executive Committee of the South Carolina State Agricultural Society met ou the 14th inst., and have made ail arrangements for the Fair iu November The Secretary is to issue premium lists to the amount of four thousand dollars, to tie raised by subscription. Hon. JohnV. Breckinridge was chosen the annual ora tor, and a committee appointed uu Chinese labor. —Secretary Fish lias issued an impor tant official notification, announcing that a con veution has beeu concluded between the United States Government and that of Mexico, under which “all claims ou the part of corporations, companies or private individuals, citizens of the United Slain, upon the Mexican Republic,” will be heard and adjusted for settlement by a mixed commission. —The Prussian Consul at New Orleans is anxious to procure samples of wheat grown in tlie States of Teuuessee,-Missis sippi and North Alabama, to send to the Agricultural Exhibition to be held at Al tona, Prussia, next August. The object is to show the people of Europe some of the productions of the Southern States. —The Prussiau Consul-General at Ha» vana w rites to tlie Prussian Consuls in the United States, requesting them to warn all Germans here against enlisting in the Cuban army. He says that, in his judg ment, siuce the enforcement of the neu trality law s by the United -tates, the in surrection is dyiDg out. —The Italian journal La Voce states that during a recent visit made by Mr. John Jay, the American Minister at the Court of Vienna, to a relative at Baveno on the Lago Maggiore, a serenade was given him ny the band of the Isoia Lupe riore, succeeded iu the evening by an illu mination. The population, it adds, as sembled in honor of the representative of the great republic, and the flags of Ameri ca and Italy were blended together in token of the friendship of the two coun tries. Captain Mathew Mercer, a section" master ou the Virginia and Tennessee Railro .and, near Mount Airy, Virginia, w»s shot and mortally wounded, about sunset Thursday eveni' g, by a party of negroes. Captain Mercer was returning to Lis home after the labors of the day were ended, ami while crossing a bridge across a small stream, was attacked by three ingiot* who were lying iu wait for him, and knocked from the bridge into the sir tLe below. While lying on his back imam water, the fiends fired from the bridge, the balls from their guns entering his breast and inflicting, as is supposed, mor tal wounds. The murderers then made tbeir escape. News has been received at Gen. Au gur’s headquarters, Omaha, Nebraska, from tl e expedition on the Republican liver. After a steady pursuit of ten da;.- General Carr, succeeded, on Sunday morn ing, in surprising a Cheyenne village wi’h a large body of warriors, under Tail Bui: Hie Indians were completely routed,hav ing fifty-two warriors killed. Seventeen of their women, among them the wife and • laughter of Bull, were taken prisoners- During the fight they attempted to ki * two white women, captives, from Haline, Kansas. They succeeded in murdering one and wounding the other, a German woman named Maria Weigel, who * probably recover General Carr captured * lodges, 60 guns and pistois, a large quan tity of provisions, camp equippage, »nu 350 horses and mules. THE TKBT OATH l.\ \IKGI.U4. An Old Letter of deneral t’anby on U‘ e su!>jec From the following letter, written tj Geueial Canby, it would seem that present position in regard to requiring ’ members elect to ttie Legislature ' • State to subscribe the test oath i* UDte " ble: Headquarters 2d Military > Charleston, S. C., June 23, l’ ' Hon. \V. IV. Holden , Governor ‘' North Carolina , Raleigh, N. 1 Sir :—The second section of the -• ■ admit the States of North and SouC olina, etc., and authorizing tbebego tu. e to meet before the complete Y'\'. . lion of t tie States, is regarding as di-i ing with the oath of office prearri • the act of July 2, 1862, in the case members elect who are not diequau the Constitutional amendment allowing them to qualify upon ta*i - oath of office prescribed by the ne» • Constitution. As soon as the bin a law- an order will be issued moo 0 ‘ the provisions of General Orders - " > . of May 12, 1867, in conformity r construction. Very respectfully • obedient servant, „ ~ „ DV Edward R. B. Cans , Brevet Major Genera! Coin wan _ It will be remembered that up 11 nouncement of Holden’- elect; nm - j Carolina General Canby at once e • Governor Worth and oiderid : | w ration of the Governor elect. ■" which came the letter as a > clear from all this, the General f , construction of the law of , 11 ... j Q re the admission of the States la e hellion, that not only the membe Legislature elected iu this State ? allow-ed to qualify under the pr° j" the Constitution just adopted. " , Governor Walker should iuune ■ inaugurated and allowed to pt' ll . 0 f [be the administration of the ‘ ■ |W i State. Governor Wells D °!' u tf Ge°' the people, to the administration eral Grant anil to the laws °< , ve d and should therefore be at one as an obstacle to reconstruct! York Herald. ” i^ver* 1 A Bankrupt Governor weeks ago, a note drawn by 1- V\ jj u fus bell, Sr., for $250, and endorsed oy B. Bullock, was hawked about th . and could not be disposed of at - ' > on the dollar , until it w’as eudor jvea responsible party. The note w^| P g to pay Campbell for services in j fix* ton, in trying to get Georgia o Union.— Atlanta Constitution.