Newspaper Page Text
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"' ' ' V '*" S*s* ' ♦
,1 W. fe W. S. JONES.
iljrtmidc anil Seniincl.
AUGUSTA, G.l.
MONDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER RE
Mississippi U. S, Senator.—Tiie Missis
sipnian slates that the Hon. Joseph W. Chal
mers, ol Marshall county, has been appointed
by the Governor Senator in Congress, Ti; q
commission has been I a warded in lime to en
able him to take his seat at ihe ennn.iem eotcnl
ot the 29th Congress.
M assachusetts, -The Boston Atlas gives the
following as the result ot the votes at the late
election, in all the towns in the Common wealth
excepting Cohasset, Proviucetown, and Truro;
Briggs, 51,574; Davi5,37,402 ; Sewell, 7,500:
Shaw, 7,454; Scat. 1,398.
By the above it appears that Briggs falls slim t
of a plurality ovo r all others by 2300 votes, and
he has received 14,112 votes more than Isaac
Davis, the Democra'ic candidate.
The Representatives elected thus far show 172
Whigs, 51 Democrats, and 1 Natives.
Raleigh and Gaston Rail Road.— The Ra
leigh “Star” of the I9i.h inst. says;—Wc under
stand there is a strong probability that tho State
will be overbid for the Raleigh and Gaston Rail
Road, which is to be sold on the 29th Decem
ber, with the view of connecting it with the
South Carolina road.
Pi, ascii, who has been on his trial lor several
days in Charleston, charged with tin: murder of
Lyon last spring, has been acqnitli d. Tim
Jury were only out seven minutes.
1 nr; Case of the two Condemned Anti
llenters.—The decision of Governor Wright,
ot New York, on the petitions fora commuta
tion ot the sentence pronounced at Delhi, on
O’Conner and Van Steenburgh, has not been
given yet. On Monday he held a consultation
with the Stale officers. The general impression
is, that the sentence will be commuted To im
prisonment fur life in the Stale prison.
TV The new work on the Wabash and Erie
Canal between Lafayette and Covington, In
diana, forty-nine miles in length, is completed,
and water lias been let into it through its entire
length. The entire, length of continuous Canal
communication from Cincinnati to Covington
the southwestern terminus of the Wabash and
Erie Canal, is 380 miles. Including the
branches the length is about 540 miles.
The inventorof a new system of embalming,
in Italy, it is said, is soon expected in this coun
try for the purpose of securing a patent. The
specimens he exhibits of the perfection of his
system are the finest ever seen. He professes
to letain, by his process of embalming, all the
natural colors as perfect as in life, and this pro
cess is said to be very simple, being an immer
sion for several days in some chemical compo
sition. It is called the pelnfactive process,
though the substances prepared by it have not
the quality of stone, nor are they heavy.
Ravages of Plagues.— The Plague jn |3 J /
destroyed 50,000 of Ihe inhabitants of London;
in 1107, 30,000 persons were swept off in the
same city by the same scourge; and 1004 one.
fourth of the whole population died from the
awful pestilence. It next visited Constantino
ple in IGH, when 20,000 persons died of it.—
In 1005 it again visited London taking ofi 08,-
000 persons. In Bossorah, 1773, 80,000 were
destroyed by it. In Smyrna, 1784,20,000. In
Tunis. 1785,32,000. In Egypt, 1792, 800,000
and in 1814, 30,000.
Less of the Sun* European. —l am sorrv to 1
have to inform you that accounts have been re- i
cei yed here this morning, from the Saguenay, i
which have no doubt ol the melancholy loss ot |
the ship European, Captain M’Bride, which;
'Oiled hence on the morning of the Ist inst,,
Glasgow, with a valuable cargo on wheat, flour, ,
:i *hc.s. &c. It is stated that she was cast ashore !
" n the Mille Roches Point, during tbe late gale ■
Irom the East, anil will be a to’al wreck ; her |
•oasis had been cut to prevent her (ailing ovei. I
I’hree of ihe crew were drowned.
The passengers, Mr. A uld and Mrs. A old,
ar "| a young lady, (daughter of an officer of the
'lih Regiment) of Montreal, were all saved,
I'nd are now at one of the posts in good health.
1 h f ;y will piobably come up by land.
I'he European is one of the finest vessels
’ ll il l at the Clyde last winter, and was only on
net second voyage from your port.
I'itun Ihe letter received Irom the same quar
,‘l > is also stated that there are two other ves
sels ashore about five miles below the Euro
pean, one of them laden with deals. The
•'antes not known.
A gentleman, who came down in the steam-
Montreal this morning, reports that, the
s hore on both sides of the river below Three
Rivers, is strewed with limber Irom ’.lie rafts
that were broken up during the late gale.— Cor.
<>/ the Montreal Herald Nov. 13 th.
A New Process of Stereotyping is an
"uuiiced in England which will, it is said, en
'■rely supersede the old system. It is the inven
ll(,n of a lithographer of Glasgow, and is thus
described—
In taking the impression /tout types, stucco
h dispensed with, and, instead of it, a piece of
:| nped prepared card board is placed over the
;*ntace of the page of moveable type, and an
‘"‘pressioii beat out of the type into the card
y repeated strokes of a hand brush. This
which now answets the purpose ol a
l |J a ' r ‘ x i ,f * dried and inserted in an iron frame
■"n a moveable top or surlace, constituting a
f " oul 'l* which lias been previously heated to an
,'Dable temperature. The lid is then brought
ti( JV i n > l * ie mould shifted by a hinge from the
Jtai° ntal ,0 l . he P er P en£ licular, and the liquid
whi a P. oured into [he matrix by a small orifice
’Vnp C i 138 k ecn and in a minute the sltreo
is pronounced complete!
is a e whole operation, from beginning to ciul,
X!in- lin^- ' s^p d in less than an hour, while the
'WelveT l,me die old method is from ten to
4pi'i to '* ol,rs . an d the casts are liable to warp,
-aav>l? r ? alf - . Several impressions., it is stated,
= taken from the came card b< »ard.
Things in Milledgcville.
<'orrespondnice oj the Chronicle tj’- Sentinel.
Milledgevii.le, Nov. 20, 1845.
In .Senate, Mr. Haekett offered the follow
ing preamble and resolution:
“ Whereas by an act of the General Assem
bly assented to on the 22d dty of December,
1843, the Chief Engineer of the Western and
Arlan ie Railroad, under the direction of his
: Excekeiif-y she Governor, was authorised to pro
j sect and keep in repair the said Road and tim
bers, and also to progress gradually in the com
i pleiion <d saiil Road with the existing appropii
| atioi,; to the point where the branch Road to
Rome was expected to join said Road, which
point is now known as ife Coosa depot. And
wher- as the Chief Engineer by las report, bear
ing -I: te October 22, 1845, shows that he Las
i'T the work lor twenty miles beyond said Coosa
depot, and has incurred a debt of $14,000 over
and above the then existing appropriations :
“ Re it therefore Resolved , that the Senate and
Hon-.,- of Representatives do not approve of the
conduct of the Chief Engineer, under the direc
tion ot His Excellency the Governor, in the
extension of said Road beyond the point de
signa-ed, and thereby incurring a debt of $14,-
000 w ithout any authority of law for so doing.”
Whether the individual who introduced the
above preamble and resolution be actuated by a
fifty and exuberant patriotism, or envious of
the me;*, ner distinctions of political partizanship,
can scarcely be considered an important subject
of inquiry. The public may require to know
facts of a different nature. First, then, in the
biief investigation which I propose to give this
subject, I offer you the 3d ami Bth sections of
the a i of 1843, as bearing particularly upon
“tin; authority of law” tu extend the Road,
•'■lnch are as follows :
fc;:c. 3. And or it, farther courted, That it
shai! tie the duty of the Chief Engineer, under
ihe direction of the Governor, to progress
gradually in the completion of the said West
ern and Atlantic Rail Road, with the existing
appmpi iations when the same can be economi
cally expended, and whenever either of the
Bran, h Roads shall make a junction with the
said Western and Atlantic Rail Road at its
.Southeastern terminus, to apply such motive
power as may be adapted to its Wants, and to
establish rates of transportation (or persons and
produce, without discrimination as to the desti
nation of either.
Sec. 8. And he it further enacted , That so
mneii of the appropriation already made as
may be necessary, shall tie used to protect and
keep in repair the Road and timbers, and the
very gradual completion of said Road to the
point where the Branch Road to Rome is ex
; ertod to join said Road, and so soon as the
Monroe or Georgia Rail Road shall unite with
said Road, then the balance of said appropria
tion be expended in the purchase of Engines,
Cars. Ac. and the further very gradual extension
of said Road.
hi the 3d section, authority is distinctly given
to “ p; ogress gradually in the completion" of the
Load, “ with ihe existing appropriations,” Arc.,
“ whenever either ot the Branch Roads shall
make a junction” with said Slate Road. The
only possible doubt, then, as to “authority ol
law,” must turn upon the point whether the
junction which creates the proviso—was or
has been made. The Bth section, also repeats
certain conditions, and after they have been
complied with, authorizes “the further very
gradual extension of the Road.” The only
question is, then, has the Georgia Railroad form
ed the junction with the Western and Atlantic
Retail, contemplated in the act of 1843.
The piincipal material out of which certain
friends of the Slate Hood expect to manufacture
a bug-bear, is the expenditure of $ 14,000 over
and above “existing appropriations.” 1 will
here slate a fact or two in addition to my re
marks yesteiday on this subject. By a dishon
orable and fraudulent transaction on the part of
tiie British iron dealers, and their agents, the
State was swindled out of slß.ooo—this sum
being the difference between the price agreed
upon, and the price exacted by them. The
Road was laid out as at present completed, un
der calculations made on the price agreed upon.
The indebtnessover “existing appropriations”
is charged at 814,000. If the British dealers
had been honest men—and who could foresee the
advance on iron which was the price of their
dishonesty—the Slate would now have the sum
of SI,OOO in hand as a remainder of existing ap
propriations. If, moreover, the managers on
the part of the Stats had refused peremptorily to
submit to that Jradnient exaction, they could
have gained nothing by* it; as it is a well known
act, that, at no time since the actual purchase
of the iron, could it have been laid down at Sa
vannah. without further additional cost. The
managers of the Road, in making their esti
mates for the future, (in addition to their reason
able expectation that the iron dealers, as mer
chants, would faithfully fulfil the stipulations ol
their contract) were not without well founded
hopes that the General Government would re
move tin* onerous duties on Railroad iron, at
least so fa ias those duties affected Railroads
planned anti began before tiie tariff of 1842 was
concocted and framed.
Mr. Wofford moved a reconsideration of his
South (Carolina bill, to connect the Georgia
Railroad to Charleston interests. A short dis
cussion ensued before the question was taken,
during which (as I heard remarked) Mr. Miller
made one of his clearest and most forcible ar
guments. But 1 have no space for details. The
motion was voted down, nays3l—yeas|l3.
A communication from the Governor, predi
cated on data recently received from Mr. Gar
nett, Chief Engineer of the State Road, was read
by the Secretary of the Senate. It stated, that
from the 15th September, to 15th October last, the
piofils ol the Road amounted to s9l3.l3—and
from the latter dale to the Ist November inst.,
to $914 47 further, the whole amount now ne
cessary to complete existing contracts beyond
Burroughs’ will fall short ol $2,000.
Mr. Stell reported a bill to alter and amend
ihe act ot 1838, authorizing Ihe businessof bank
ing, and to regulate lh* same.
AUGUSTA, GA„ TUESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 25, 1845.
A bill was passed authorizing qualified voters
to vole lor Senator at any one of the election
precincts in the Senatorial district in which thev
reside. The provisions oft his trill subjects any
one convicted ol voting more than once on the
same day, to impi isonmer.t in the Penitentiary
for one to five years.
The Senate took up as a report of the commit
tee of the whole, Mr. Calhoun’s bill to incorpo
rate the Coweta Falls MamifaciuringCnmpany.
A number of amendments were engrafted on
(bis bill, on several of which the yeas and nays
were taken. Among lire most important ol
those which were successful, was one render
ing the individual property of stockholders lia
ble lor the debts of the company—and in case
of a sale or transfer of stock, the individual
selling or transferring, still to remain liable for
all the debts of the company contracted prior to
such-sale or transfer. It may not be unimpor
tant to state, that Air. Miller offered an amend
ment apportioning the liability of each stock
holder according to his individual interest—
which was rejected. The bill was at length in
definitely postponed.
i he House was engaged this morning, from
meeting to adjournment, in a discussion more
interesting to the speechifiers themselves, than
profitable to their constituents. The re consi
dered bill to license Pedlars by the Inferior
Courts was taken up. The debates were in
numerable, and the debate took the widest pos
sible range. The Constitution of the United
States, native Americanism, naturalization
laws, &c., were boldly—l cannot say, ably
discussed, in all their varieties and peculiarities.
A motion was made to lay the bill on the table
(or the balance of the session—rejected, 90 to 27.
Among a great number of amendments, one to
strike out “citizen of the Untied States,” was
accepted—79 to 30. One member on the demo
cratic side of the House thought that foreigners
ought to he entitled to every right and immuni
ty of an American citizen, the moment he
touches our soil! Even enlightened foreigners
scoff at the absurdity. The bill finally passed -
81 to 34. j\
Mh.i.edgeville, Nov. 21, 1845.
In Senate, the bill to extend the charter of
’■lie Bank of Augusta was taken up. Mr. Stell
offered an amendment restricting the Bank at
anytime from owing, “by bill, bond, or other
contract,” more than double the amount of its
capital, including “money deposited (or safe
keeping.” Mr. Miller made a motion to lay the
amendment on the table, which was lost, and
the amendment agreed to. Mr. Haekett offer
ed the following amendment: That the indivi
dual property of stockholders shall he bound for
the ultimate redemption of the bills ol said
Bank, in proportion to the number of shares held
by them respectively; and in case of a failure
of said Bank, all transfers of stock made within
six months priorto a failure or refusal on the
part of said Bank to redeem its liabilities in
specie, shall be void, and the private properly of
the individual or individuals transfering said
stock shall be liable for the redemption of the
bills ol said Bank as above stated—agreed to.
Mr. Stell proposed to further amend, as fol
lows; That each branch or agency of this Bank
now established, or which may hereafter be es
tablished, be required to redeem their liabilities
in specie at said branch or agency. Mr. Kenan
moved to strike out “their liabilities,” and in
sert “the bills and liabilities issued by said
branches”—this alteration was concurred in,
and the amendment agreed to.
Mr. Hardeman moved to amend tiie amend
ment by strikingmu “agencies”—lost, 22t020.
Mr. Martin moved to amend amendment by
adding, “ and that all bills issued hv the branches
shall be convertible into specie at the mother
bank”—agreed to.
The bill, thus amended, was read a third
lime and passed.
The directors and stockholders of this staunch
and venerable institution may feel surprised to
find themselves in the possession of branches
and agencies, unknown to them, and tbe privi
lege to establish which, a Georgia Legislature,
some years ago, refused to grant them. They
may be assured, however, that the privilege
now indirectly conferred, is not owing to the
liberality or good will of the majority in the pre
sent Senate. Mr. Miller, your practical andever
vigilant Senator, informed Ihe Senate fully on
the subject, but this rendered Mr. Stell the more
pertinacious. Perchance, he suspected a “catch”
—nr
“ His must be those optics keen
That see what is not to he seen.”
It may not be a bad suggestion to try some
of those back country bankers and Ibrest-bred
commercial wiseacres, by the rule of contraries.
That is to say, whenever any measure is pro
posed as coming from one of the commercial
cities, let it be worded, in strong language, to
mean exactly opposite of what is desired to
be attained!
As this Mr. Stell—of whom, as your cones,
putulcnt, I have found it frequently necessary
to speak, and who, during the present session
will he a prominent member—is a stranger to
fame, 1 beg leave to introduce him to your ac
quaintance more formally than I have yet done.
In personal appearance, lie is about Ihe middle
stature, from forty t<> forty-five years old, hard
featured, and calls to one’s mind the idea of one
of Molino’s ancient sect of Gubests. When he
addresses the Chair, he speaks but a few words,
and those are delivered slowly, distinctly and
emphatically, without gesture, but with a strong
nasal twang, such as is said to havedistinguished
the pilgrim fathers of New England.
He seems to be rather a free thinker, and
(without disrespect to him) he is in politics a
radical, entertaining little respect for customs
or precedents that do not tally with his own
views, Hei& by no means deicient in mind,
but as to its precise quality or calibre, I shall
not have the boldness to presume to determine.
But of one thing you may be assured, that he
is a vigilant Senator, ever in his place, and dur
ing the present session will prove ?. “trouble
some customer,”
Mr. Calhoun moved to reconsider the bill to
incorporate the Coweta Falls manufacturing
company—agreed to.
Mr. Haekett introduced a bill to alter and
amend the 3d and sth sections of anact to incor
porate the Memphis Branch Rail Road and
Steam Boat Company of Georgia. Mr. Bell,
to allow persons applying for grants to reverted
lots under the act of 1813, to file an affieavit of
their intention to settle the lot applied lor, and
to give preference to such applicants.
Mr. Jackson introduced the following reso
lutions, accompanied by an appropriate pream
ble :
Resolved, That the tariff of 1842 embraces a
system of unjust and oppressive taxation ; and
that a modification and reduction of the same
to a purely revenue standard, looking only to
revenue, are demanded by the people of this
Slate as acts of sheer and necessary justice.
Resolved, That His Excellency the Governor
be and lie is beieby requested to transmit to
each of our Senators and Representative s in
Washington a copy of these resolutions, that
they may be placed before the two Houses of
Congress at an early period of the session.
On motion of Mr. Miller, fifty copies were
ordered to he printed.
“ Texas” is mentioned in the preamble re
ferred to. 'l'hat is a settled question, ar-d none
but a few fanatics will attempt to interrupt the
almost universal harmony of opinion in re
ference to it. With a very slight and, perhaps,
immaterial modification of expression in re
ferenee to the tariff, the first lesolution contains
Southern Whig doctrine. I trust there will
arise no useless discussion of the subject.
The bill to extend the Central Rail Road,&c.
was taken up, but becoming positively* en
tangled in amendments, was laid on the tabls
for the present
A communication was received from His
Excellency, relatingto the debt due Reid, Irving
& Co., read, and referred to Committee oa Fi
nance.
A bill providing for the “service of original
process on corporations” was passed. The resi
due of the morning was taken up in reading
bills a second time. Senate adjourned till to
morrow at 10 o’clock.
In the House— Mr. Jackson introduced a
bill to amend ihe Constitution so as to abolish
a property qalification for the office of Gover
nor, requiring that he shall be a citizen of the
United Slates twelve years and of Georgia six
years. The Governor of Georgia must now
own 500 acres of land and other property of
the value of $4,000.
Mr. Hill, requiring the Committee on Fi
nance to report appropriation and lax bills as
early as practicable.
Mr. Cannon, a hill to amend the act of 1824
for the trial of claims of slaves levied on under
execution. This hill requires trial to take
place at the Ist, session of the Superior or In
ferior Court, in the county where the levy is
made, instead of the county where execution is
issued, as at present.
The residue of the morning was taken up by
matters uninteresting to the general reader.—
House adjourned till to-morrow at 10 o’clock.
__ A.
Powers’ Bust op Webster. —The eminent
American sculptor, in the course of his auto
biographical conversations with Mr. Lester,
recently published, relates the history ot his
bust of Mr. Webster—who invited Air. Powers
to his farm at Marshfield; and of his visit
there, Air. P. says:
“ I visited him at his country seat, and 1
number the lew days I spent there among the
happiest of my lile. 1 have never been in the
presence ot a man who left upon my mind an
impression of such intellectual power. No
familiarity with him ever abated this feeling.
He always made me think of Alichael Angelo’s
gigantic statue; natural, but one of nature’s
exaggerations; out of her common way of
working, but still her own work. He sat for
me often, until I felt I had done all I desired to
do with his head. All artists who had copied
Mr. Webster’s features, have complained of
him as a sitter; and I (bund him at limes a lit
tle impatient, although he was always kindly.
But he would get almost asleep, for it was too
dull a business for such a man to sit still and
do nothing. He often became drowsy, and at
such times his features lost much of their ex
pression, especially his month, which became
entirely ctianged. * * 1 esteemed it a great
advantage as well as a great pleasure to be thus
admitted to the society of such a man, and I
left him not only with a feeling ol gratitude and
admiration, but with even a more lofty concep
tion of his genius and goodness than before.”
Mr. Powers soon afier went to Europe, and
received a visit from Thorwaldsden, the great
est living sculptor, whose attention, on casting
his eye ovei the studio, was arrested by the bust
of Webstersays Mr. Powers:
“He examined it with great attention. —
‘This,’ said he, ‘must be the bust of Air,
Webster. No modern resembles him in char
acter. I never saw anything that approached
the sublimity 1 see here, except a few antique
heads. But the expression surpasses every bust
I ever saw, Greek or Roman. I doubt if he
ever had an equal.’ After a long and careful
examination ol Webster’s head, he stood back
a lew steps from it, and again faking off’his hat,
he declared with surprise, ‘I never saw so
grand a head before.’”
Money in Philadelphia.— Bicknell’s Phila
delphia Reporter says;—“Our banks are not
‘taking’ all the first ■rate paper that offers. The
reason is that their funds are pretty much occu
pied. Out of doors the rales for good paper
may be quoted at from 7to 9 per cent. Heavy
speculations took place last week in various
slocks —mostly fancies.
Joseph S. Winter & Co.’s Exchange
and Collection Office, Montgomery, Alaba
ma. mh!3lyi*
From the N. O. Picayune.
Letters from the Mammoth Cave.
NO. Ilf.
The Settlement, August, 1845.
Gentlemen —Fiom the dale of my letter you
will be puzzled to know my whereabouts, as
“the Settlement” is a generic term, though ol
good general significancy, ofdubious individual
meaning. Let me tell you more distinctly
where 1 am. Returning from a visit to a favor
ite scene in ihe Great Mammoth, last evening,
1 remarked that no one could ever appreciate
its beauties or magnificence by any number of
visits; that one should reside within its ponde
rous and massive walls to feel the grandeur ot
this subterranean abode, or enjoy the security
of a dwelling constructed by Divine intelligence
and power. Upon this hint a gentleman and
his lady, who were in company at the time, pro
posed a “settlement” near the Star Chamber, if
i would join them. I embraced the idea with
gladness, and here we are this 21st day of Au
gust, 1845, regularly and in due form “settlers”
in two unappropt iated cabins, at the commence
ment of the Star Chamber, about one mile with
in the Cave. There ane five ol us in company
—two ladies and three gentlemen. We have
servants to Loot, househould furniture and
kitchen utensils. Though our cabins are not
of the most lasting or substantial construction,
they are convenient and comfortable enough;
whilst the walls of the cave and the arch ot
solid masonry that roofs in this superb portion
of it, are sufficient to keep off assailing thieves
or the storms that deluge and pell the denizens
of the upper air.
To reach us. you will first enter the mouth of
trie Cave, a most ungainly and forbidding por
tal to behold, out of which rashes a constant
stream of cold air, that chills one like a sudden
immersion in ice water. This is our janitor:
a modern YEolus, who can only be propitiated
by a stout heart and an honest intent; for when
you pass over the threshold the chill experienced
upon presenting yourself before it gives way to
a delights ul glow, which revives the spirits and
excites the energy in a remarkable manner—
that is. if your purposes be charitable and
Christian,—for I should suppose that a bad man
would be appalled by an entrance into so
gloomy looking a place, and that his fear would
increase as he penetrated the interior of the
house not made by hands. At the beginning
you descend by rudely constructed stone steps a
distance of thirty or more feet. Here you will
find excellent, water dropping from the summit
of the aperture called the mouth. Above you
are daylight, and trees, and birds, the honey bee
and wild flower—in front is darkness thick and
almost as palpable to the touch as to the vision.
At a distance of ihitty or forty yards Irom the
spring, you come to a doorway, through a wall
that w*as constructed many years ago by miners
who made saltpetre in the Cave during and be
fore the last war. Through this aperture the
air rushes so violently that your lamps will be
blown out if you are not careful. The tempera
ture of this air is 59° Fahrenheit, summer and
winter, so that in coming in contact with this
current of cool atmosphere so soon after leaving
the upper regions, where the stagnant element
in the shade is 108, you will become chilled lo
the heart, ifi as 1 said before, you are not stout
in that reg ion and your mission be not Christian.
Through this doorway you enter into a pas
sage, walled up upon the left side, close to the
right ot the Cave. This pass is descending for
a short d : stance, and leads you to the Vestibule,
when you are fairly within the Cave.
This is a favorite place with me. The air,
which a few yards behind yon is rushing with
considerable violence, here is calm and hushed
as the darkness that usually pervades Ihe im
mense hall. The lights burn with an eager
glare, as if intern upon penetrating the sur
rounding mystery. After pausing a few mo
ments, a glow spreads over the body, all chilly
sensations are gone, and as you accustom your
self to the light ol lamps, feeble, howevernume
rous they may be, you will begin to perceive
the walls of the immense structure and the
grey ceiling that spans the cavity in one enor
mous and splendid arch. Give the lamps time
to struggle against the immensity ot the dark
ness, and you will shortly get a glimpse, dim
and obscure, of Audubon’s Avenue, leading
away to the right in a grand and imposing
curve. It is nearly as large as the main Cave,
and impresses the curiosity with awe. I will
speak of this Avenue hereafter. Around you
the rocks, as they become more visible, are
more wonderful for their size, and anon you be
gin to perceive that the ceiling is indented with
an oval niche or basin, regular in its formation
and vast in dimensions, as though carved into
it for the purpose of suspending from its centre
a huge, unreal chandelier, to give light for the
gigantic spirits that might dwell here. The
configuration is much like that which adorns
the ceilings of public rooms; it lies in the di
rection ot Audubon’s Avenue, and is as exactly
fitted lo the connection of ihe roof of that branc h
with the main Cave as though it were the work
of art. When you have become satisfied with
gazing around you, by the aid of the lamps—it
one can be satisfied—set off a Bengal light, and
you will behold a scene which I will not now
attempt to describe. Yet there are hundreds of
visiters who pass this spot without Knowing
how grand a phenomenon surrounds them.
They hurry on to the rivers or elsewhere, as
though they wore walking upon the surface of
thecarih in the night season, and have few
other emotions than those which children feel in
passing a meadow* by the light of a lantern.
They may charge their own impatience with
the loss of so sublime a spectacle. The passa
ges leading from the Vestibule are 100 teet wide,
and the basilica is twice that width—the whole
is covered by a single rock, in which no crack
can be traced, and as far as the eye can reach
up either avenue, the same massive ceiling is
seen. What are the stones on the walls of
Balbec compared with this one! what the halls
of the East to this!
But I shall never get you to my cabin at this
gait. Letusgoon. Leaving Audubon’s Ave
nue lo the right, you pass along the gallery or
main cave, which, suffice it to say forthenonce,
is miles on miles in length, of an average width
of about sixty feet and of nearly equal height,
forming a passage such as is not seen else
where above or below the earth. Alter walking
about four hundred yards you reach what are
called the Cliffs of Kentucky, a name given to
this portion of the cavern in consequence of the
resemblance, fanciful or real, of the left ol it
to the cliffs upon Ihe Kentucky river. The
sides of the cave here are broken, and immense
rocks frown in gloomy grandeur upon the path
way below. The ceiling is sixty-threejj feet
high, and the whole aspect of the scene wild in
the extreme. Just beyond the Clift's you will
come to the Church, where it will do you good
to take a seat and rest awhile. B.
The Settlement, August, 1845.
In my last letter I led you at the Church. If
you have made gooff use of the lime, you will
have seen a spectacle of curious grandeur.—
Here is a room, circular in form, and ol more
than a hundred feet in diameter. It is a natural
church, and as such has been often used. It
can accommodate thousands of listeners—if the
avenues approaching it, down which the voice
of the preacher could penetrate the stillness of
the air, bs lateen into account, the number might*
VOL. IX—NO. 141.
be illimitable. On the left side—you have just
passed it—at an elevation of fifteen or twenty
feet, is a projection of the side of (he cavern
which serves as a pulpit, and above it again is
an organ loft. This is a favorite breathing
place with those who are familiar with the
Cave, and surely no spot could be found more
appropriate lor divine service than this, certain
ly none belter calculated to inspire the minister
or fill his hearers with solemn and religious
feeling. The pulpit and choir are approached
in two ways. There is an entrance into them
Irom the Cliffs of Kentucky, of which 1 have
before spoken, and another on the other side of
the pulpit from a recess ot great depth which
has the appearance of a choked up entrance
into another cavern. I have seeli the choir
filled with ladies and gentlemen, who would
sing airs appropriate to the place, whilst others
listened from the body of the Church. I have
been there whilst one would occupy the pulpit
and give out the words of sacred song for those
in the Choir to sing. I have often heard songs
that desecrate the sacred nature of the place
sung by gay parties, too full of life and joy to
be subdued into seriousness by even such a
spot. There is some excuse for this, for Ihe at
mosphere of the Cave is so exhilarating that the
sad become gay whilst breathing it—is it not
then pardonable that the gay and light of heart
grow joyous whilst within its influence?
Bengal lights should be burned after remain
ing a while in the Church, They will expose
an apartment magnificent in all of its appoint
ments, and shed a glare deep into the gallerv
you must now tread. The road is easily tra
velled lor some distance, as it was used more
than a quarter of a century ago for a wagon
way. The tracks of the wagon wheels and
four footed beasts are yet visible as you go
along.
A few hundred yards from the Church is the
entrance to the Gothic Avenue, 1 shall have
much to say of this Avenue before 1 am done,
but now you must pause a while and see how
magnificent a scene is before you. You reach
this spot by a path which hugs the left side.
Immediately opposite you is a flight of step*
leading to an immense cave that stretches away
nearly at right angles from the main cave.
Darkness soon terminates ihe vision in that di
rection. A short examination will convince
you that the Gothic Avenue once swept across
the main cave some tenor more feet above its
ceiling, and that the ceiling of the one was (he
floor of the other. This floor gave way at some
unknown period and exposed the entrance to
the Avenue, which contains some beautiful and
superb apartments. But of these anon. To
the right of ihe steps are frowning rocks pro
jecting over the body of the main cave. These
area portion of the old ceiling that withstood
t lie convulsion that shook the other part down.
They present a singularly wild and interesting
appearance. After examing this scene by the
aid of lamps for some time let off a Bengal
light, and you will see Ife indenture of the
Gothic Avenue in the ceiling of the main cave,
as it swept across it in times, perchance, be
yond the flood. This indenture or grove is
fifteen or twenty feet deep, cut perpendicularly
in the rock above, and about forty or more feet
wide-the width of the Avenue. Back of you
the Avenue is choked up by massive rocks,
which as they fell, closed up the passage against
the ingress of man. To the right hand and to
the left the main cave sweeps majestically on
ward. Yen know something of what is lobe
seen on the right, for you have passed over a
portion of it. The secrets of the left are yet un
known to you, and but few of them are known
to mortal man. But go on. The Providence
that made you and them hears every footfall
even here. ' B.
CO MR BR Cl 4L.
Now Yoilf November 18.
The slock dealers were active to day, and the least
valuable slocks appeared lo be more sought for In Ihe
stocks of the suspended States there is a good deal of
movement going on and the prices have advanced
materially. There is a much better feeling in these
stocks, and large amounts having been absorbed for
in vestment at low rates, the supply of floating slock is
not targe.
In Exchanges (here is bul little doing, and rates are
without change. Sterling 8 1-2 a9, Francs 5 26J- a 5 525,
Amsterdam 39J a39 1-2, Hamburg3s 1-2 a 3C, Bremen
78 I-2 a 78|.
Goff ora.--There is still but little animation in this
staple, a farther decline being required by buyers. The
sales are about 600 or POO hales.
Flour.- -The market to-day has been quiet at 637 1-2
for Western, but at any thing over that figure buyers
have not been anxious to take hold freely. Stilisales
of 1500 bbls. Genesee, of favorite brands, were made at
6 50. We quote 6 37J (n) $6 44 as the price for com
rnon brands. The receipts continue to be exceedingly
large. A sale of 1000 bbls Genesee, in slere, was made
at $6 44. equal to about 6 37J afloat, and the refusal of
2000 bbls Michigan in store given at 6 37J. equal to
6 31f afloat. Some few small parcels were taken, we
believe, for export, but we did not learn the qaantily.
New Orleans, Nov. 17.
The cotton maiket lias been steady at former rates,
sales amounting to about 3000 bales. We have no
change to make in our quotations.
COTTON STATEMENT.
s'leck on hand Ist Sept. 1845 Bales 7,705
Received up to 15th Nov 233,550
Received on the evening of the 15th Nov 144
Received on the 16lh 2,743
Arrived to day 3,633
247,775
Exported tip to the 17th Nov ..119,878
Exported on the 17th Nov 6,299—126,177
Stock on hand and on ship-board not cleared.. ,121,593
Sugar —The arrivals for the past two days have been
moderate. The demand to-day has been active, and
sellers have rather had the advantage. We quote 4 to
5i for extremes, except fancy lots, which command a
fraction higher.
Molasses is in demand, and have been readily taken
lo day at 22e.
Flour —The advices from the Noith being unfavora
ble. .Southern Flour having been dull at #6 (s)* hbl, and
numerous ilaiboats having arrived with over 8000 bbls,
and the fact of the upper rivers being on the rise, have
rendered this article rattier dull, although we cannot
change our quotations.
Freights— We cannot hear of any engagement ex
cept the one on Saturday for Liverpool, at 40s for To
bacco. and 4s Jf)’ bbl for Flour.
J Exchanges —Bills continue abundant. Rates on En
gland 7 lo 71 (JF cent permium ; France, 5f35 to 51374 :
New York 2£ cent dis.
Mobile Nov. 17.
Cotton.— The market was very quiet on Saturday and
Monday, sales 600 and 400 bales on the respective days,
at the prices quoted in our Price Current of Saturday.
—To-dajr an active request prevailed, the sales sum
ming up full 2000 bates—prices showing no quotable
change.—Middling 6J fd) 7c : middling fair 7s: and fair
7|fo)Bc. Receipts since Friday night last about 6,400
bales.
Exchange remains steady as last quoted, with a fair
supply of hills and moderate demand. Sterling?
extremes; New York bills at 60days2 (a) 2R and checks
1 (d) 1J pei cent dis.
Freights quiet. Masters continue firm in their de
mands for an advance in foreign, which has been yield
ed in an engagement to Havre, the only one that has
transpired this week —lg c being paid—coastwise dull
at 10.
MARUVE LIST.
Charleston. Nov. 22.
Arrived— C L barque Ed ward, Bulkley, New York ;
schr Science, Gifiord, Falmouth, Mass ; sehr M B Ma
honey. McGlauchlin, New York ; schr Stranger, Black
well. New Bedford.
Cleared. —Brig Harriet, Baker, Mobile ; Schr. F. A.
Brown. Westbrook, Cuba; ship Caspain, Torey. Liver
pool ; C L. brig Christiana, Warren Boston ; Br schr
Eclipse, Bell. Br West Indies.
New mackerel.—
40 bbls No. 2 and 3 Mackerel —fresh and
good,
10 half bbls No.2and3do. Forsalelowby
o!7 . HAND & WILLIAMS.