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[VOL. I ] by DANIEL STARNES * Co. PROPOSALS ~v OAKII I. ITARSES & TO. a uukkr h • w “ ity IN THE CITY OF AUGUSTA, TO BE ENTITLED Mirror of the Times. •» TUF universal promulgation of ! ‘ nd t be«n*r*' deftributicn of know tr, b ’ die fuft importance m kdBC ’ lr «ntrv where liberty ha* left traces • ,Lht Where ignorance reipns there ”«triumph, and defpo.ifm governs. A. an become* enlightened author.ty w.il be Sued & m rality restored—Knowledge & Lue are the bases of freedom-the one bAnAi u« in onr right, the other teaches „ourdu.i«; the firftfbew. us how to onOruA the bcft poflible form of govern- Bent, the last require* us to obey it when con firmed. It is therefore advantageous every where, hut ia a Republic it is absolutely ne eeffarv, that cnrreft information fliould be widcV diffufcd and easily obtained: For lit,, tis the people who govern 7b,y never intmtionallv choose bad leaders or approve wropg measures, yet they are liable to error _jjjve ihetn true details and they will judge torrecHv—for on /•/<*/« ground, the people al v-pform j*ti opinions ; whenever they mif like their own interest ‘tis owing entirely to want of information in the many or want of honesty in the few. But exteujme political in forniaton is not to he acquired without much lihcur, and few have leifurc to ftutJy the {yftems,compare the opinions, dc peruse the pages of Locke, Sydney, Gibbon, -Hume sic Vattel. If an acquaintance with the true principiesof government & duties of a citizen could 1* acquired only from huge folios /edilfufe treaiifes,it would be seldom fought cr if fought, the plough, the hatchet, and the saw must fland (fill. Some cheaper and easier means of fati.fying curiosity and procuring information must therefore be looked for; and where is intelligence, rheapnefs and convenience united with more advantr-ge, than in the closely printed col umn of the humble News-paper ? . Our tountrymeu appear so well convinced «f the ufefulnefsof periodical prints, and h „ ■ so very liberally encouraged them, tha' 'if deem it unnecessary to insist on their me 1 •ndalmofl hesitate to request public pat ronsce for another -n»Hi;ih n e ran promise little except what atten tion, honesty fit induftrv can perform The principles of our Paper, likeour own, will be Republican, “ but the fame freedom of opin ion which we claim for ourfelvo, we wifl, all others to enjoy.’* Civil an d Religious liberty is the birh right of evry man, and he who will not extend the fame indulgence to all parties, and all feft, which he Wift le , for hi, own, is already or deserves to be a To support Religion and morality will woor pnde— to encourage literature our tndcavor-no communications calculated to .ill be .k l * free co «ntrr tis nereffarv fliould be neither vague nor j nown, .11 public aft, o ftb c State EL «SiTai hereforebepub,ifl,ed a * thc y «pc l n h ,?!/ IP k° R ° F c THF T,MES he d C ’ nVa •’ r ,lb ' ic mta fure with wdividuX ‘he conduft of *'H know— l * v fi ' Ctrs . of government—it himi hut Truth." y C ° No CONDITIONS. I L h b e S ROR °™ T,MES "**» b e p h ifted every Monday, on a royal fluenof an excellent quality, , nd good MKec ,ofubfCrberß w!n be three .tZr ZDWa ' pa,d balf » j pric ' for will b e fiq v ,! fr T ” re ,OF the firrt bifertion hnS eVenaod#ha,ff--hcon " he delivered so Town tK r tV and i t s r t>,e c , cunt ry will be d< ne up and delivered at the Post- Subscribers, AVE removed iheir Stock of s, r torn,er '.v p«4 ’ * K ““y ju*t | 4 f f n cx(e **ite assortment of dry goods. LROCERIKK, Hardware bLTLKRY, STATIONARY fir SADDLERY. SROts y JiTb f n assorttTie nt of "Inch they „.|| dispose of! All '•U.IkV ? ' ° F SALT ,O *ll a \ 11Cy 3re determined ! •* «0 , Z‘: l " KV ' an Sir.deien. MIRROR OF THE TIMES For Sale, The Bay-Springs, W HERON the Subscriber now lives, six miles abovvi Au gust, on the main road leaomg to Milledgeville—lts situation for a Tavern cannot be exceeded, and as lor JieaJth it scarcly can be equaled. It is well timbered with Pine, Oak, &c. &c. which have been particu larly reserved, and its conveniences are seldom surpassed in point of houses, stables, kitchens, wells of good water, orchard, nurserses S(c For further particulars application may be made to B. B. TIN DILL. October 24. "notice-' THE EleOion of the Officers of the Richmond Academy, will take place on Saturday the 31R of December next, for the en suing year, when a ReOor will he appointed wiih a Salary of S 500 and half the Tuition mo ney* and an English Teacher, with a Salary of g 4GO and the other half of the Tuition mo ney. Application will be ad dressed to DoEtor John Mur_ ray, Prejident oj ike Board oj TruJlees. THOMAS BARRETT, Cl'k. Nov. si. NOTICE. THE Citizens, who have not mi %• / u , bfcrib - Nighlly Guard, (.o go ?.'. u . nt s" ration on Thursday night next) are informed that the fubferp. tion paper is left at Calffrey and Buftin’s, where they are (olicited to call and iubferibe. Ottober 91. Ten Dollars Reward. P UNAWAY n Xv in Aug. lan, Abbeville S. Carolina, a dark -' v ~-- • mu negro wo. '■ named Abbe. about 30 years of age, and ra* • her delicately shaped. Captain Kaac Wellborn of whom the fubferiher purchaled her, found her in the Augulta jail in July lalt, after an abienct from her owner of 13 months. Her huiband I am toid belongs o to Mrs. Walker who 1 elides in, or near Augutta. ELI S. DAVIS. 061. 31. The Subscriber HAS removed to the house next below Mr. James Murren’s Store, and a few doors below his former stand, where he has lor sale an assortment of Dry Goods £? G foceries, Also, a large quantity of Manufactured Tobacco OF AN EXCELLENT QUALITY. All of which will be sold very low for Cash or Produce. He is in hopes that those indebt ed to him by bond, note, or open account due last winter, will make it convenient to settle their respec tive debts in a short time, as ho longer Indulgence will be given than the law ha« or w ill give them. SAMUEL FEE. November 14. ** hold tHE mirror up to NATURE.” — shjkesptiirt. WE*P END OF BROAD STREET. Christian Smith , (Under the firm of STEJXERT <S Co. m Sura mink t J in tonus his friends and t/iepukiic in general , that hts has taken the stare us Mr. Shnmes, opi>osifr t the Xu it Manufactory x n'het\ * offetsfor sale , very lowJor Cash or Pro duce, A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF GROCERIES > VIZ ; GIN in Pipes, Rum in Hluls. Philadelphia Beer, ) T n , Porter and Ale, ( In ,} " rre ‘ s Sherry Wine 6 years old j In quar- Malaga, do, do. j ter casks Best Green Coffee in Bags, Do. Sugar in Barrel*, Glass in Boxer, 8 by 10. Soap do. Raisins do. Writing paper. Cotton Bugging & Cotton Cards, Pork, he. November 21. Copartnership Dissolved , The Copartnership of .William Pool & Co. Is this day dissolved by nVutual consent and the intire settlement devolving on Win* Pool who in tends continuing in the same house- —All those indebted whose accounts and notes ale now due, are requested to come forward and settle them immediately. Wm. POOL. J. GRINAGE. Nov. 4. (-f) DOCUMENTS Accompanying the President's Mes sage. Prom the Secretary '•‘Mr. Vr-ktne Department of State March 25. Sir—Having laid before »be president your letter of the 2.1 d of Febuary, explaining the char acter of certain British orders of council issued in November last, I proceed to communicate the ob servations & representations which will manifest to your government the sentiments ol the president on so deep a violation of the com merce and rights of the United States. These orders interdict to neu tral nations, or rather to the U. S. now the only commercial nation in a state of neutrality, a!! com merce with the tnemies of Great Britain, now nearly the whole commercial world, with certain exceptions only, and under cer tain regulations, but too evidently fashioned to the commercial, the manufacturing and the fiscal poli cy of Great-Britain ; and on that account, the more derogatory from the honor and independence of neutral nations. The orders are the more calcm lated to excite surprise in the U. States, as they hare disregarded the remonstrances conveyed in m> letters of the 20<h and 29ih of. March, 1807, against another or der of council, issued on a similar pica, in the month January, 1307. To those just remonstrances, no answer was indeed t;ver given ; whilst the order has been continu ed in its pernicious operation a gainst the lawful commerce of the United State*, and We find added to it, others, instituting still more ruinous depredations, without e- j ven the addition of any new pre- j text ; and when moreover it is notorious j that the order of Janu ary was of a nature greatly to over balance in its effects any injuries to Great-Biitaiu that could be ap prehended from the illegal opera tion of the French decree on which the order was to retaliate, had that decree in its illegal operation been actually applied to the U. 8. and been acquiesced in by them. The last order's, like that of j January, procerd on the most unsubstantial foundation. They assume lor fact an unlawful appli cation to them ojj*he French de cree ; and thev assume' for prin ciple, that the right of retaliation accruing so one belligerent against a neutral, through whom an injury is done by another belligerent, in not to have for its measure, that of the injury received, Init may lie exercised in any extent, and under any modifications which may suit the pleasure or the poli cy of the complaining partv. I he fact, sir, is unequivocally disowned. It is not true that the | United States have acquiesced in an illegal operation of the French decree ; nor is it even true, that at the date of British orders of Nov. 11, a single application of that de cree to the commerce of the U. States on the high seas, can be presumed to have been known to the British government. The French decree in question has two dictinct aspects, one clear ly importing an intended opera tion within the territorial liniitsas a local law ; the other apparently importing an intended operation on the high seas. Under the first aspect, the de cree, however otherwise objec tionable cannot be said to have violated the neutrality of the U. States. If the governing powers on the continent of Europe choose to exclude from their ports, British productions or neutral vessels pro ceeding from British ports, it is an act of sovereignty which the United Slates have no right to controvert. The same sover eignty is exercised by G. B. at all times, in peace as well as in war, , towards her friends as well as her enemies. Her statute book pre sents a thousand illustrations. It is Onlv. thrrpfnre. under the okher aspect ofthe decree, that it can have violated neutral rights ; and this would have resulted from its execution on the high seas, whether on the pretext of a nom inal blockade, or with a view to enforce a domestic regulation against foreign vessels not within tne domestic precincts, but under • he authority and protection of the law of nations. Had then the French decree been executed on the high seas against the commerce of the U. S. with Great-Briuin, and have the Uniied States acquiesced in the unlawful and injurious proceed ing ? I state, sir, on undeniable au thority, that the first instance in which that decree was put in force against the neutral rights of the U. S. was that of the Horizon, an American ship, bound from G. D. to Lima, wrecked within the ter ritorial jurisdiction of F’rance, but condemned under an exposition of the decree extending to the high seas, its operation against neu trals. This judicial decision took place as late as the 16th day ol October, JBO7, and was not ofIL cially known to the minister plen ipotentiary < »' the United States at F- 1 is, till B ome time in Nov. At the date therefore of the first ■ order of Great-Britain, no injury whatever had been done to her, through an aggression on the com merce of the U. States. No pre sumption even had been sufficiently authorised that the express stipula tion in the treaty of France with the United States would not ex empt their commerce at least from the operation of any edict incom patible with them. At the date even of the latter orders of Nov. 11, it appears, that the only ag gression which had then occur red, was pretty certainly unknown to the British government, and could therefore have had no share in producing this alledged retalia tion. To this fact, that the ahip zon was the first that occurred Os MONDAY, December 12, 1808* i an execution of the French decree on the high seas, I am able to add, that as late as the 30th of N ovember, no other case had been brought into the French court of prizes. From accounts which ; have lately appeared, it is more 1 than probable that unlawful cap* 1 tures by French cruizcrs- have i since taken place, but it remains 1 to be known whether they are to i be referred to the concurrence of the French go verb men t s in the judgment pronounced in tha case of the Horizon, or not rather to a French decree of the 17th Decem ber last, professing to be a retal iation on the British order of November 11. I state with equal confidence, that at no time have the United States acqui -seed in a violation of their neutral rights injurious to Great-Britain or any other belli gerent nation. So far were they, in particular, from acquiescing in the French decree of Nov. 1806, that the moment it was known to their minister at Paris, he called for explanation ofita meaning in relation to the U. States, which were favorable, and uncontradic ted by the actual operation of the decree j that he steadily watched over the proceedings under it, with a readiness to interpose a gainst any unlawful extencion of them to the commerce of the U* S.—that no time was lost, after the decree came to the knowledge of the government here, in giving him proper instructions on the sub ject—that he was equally prompt on receiving the decision of the court in the case of the Horizon, in presenting to the French gov ernment, a remonstrance in term* which can never be censured for a defect of energy ; and that, by the fir«t opportunity after that decision reached the president, thw parti cular instructions required bv it were forwarded to that minister. Nor is it to be forgotten, that pre l vious to ; 'the British orders 6f Nov. it had been explicitly communica ted to the British government by the American minister at London, that explanations uncontradicted by any over act had been given to our minister ar Paris, which justifies a reliance that the French decree would not be pat in force against the United States, and that the communication was repeated to the British government imme diately on the publication of those orders. What more could have been re qu ired on the part of the U. S. to obviate retaliating pretensions of any sort on the part of Great Britain ? Retaliations are mea sures of rigor in all cases. Where they are to operate through a third, and involuntary party, they will never be hastily resorted to by a magnanimous or a just power j which will always allow to the third party its right to discuss the merits of the case, and will never permit itself to enforce its mea sures, without afifoiding a reason able time lor the use ot reasonable means tor substituting another re medy. What would be the situa tion of neutral powers, if the first blow levelled through them by one belligerent against another, was to leave them no choice but between the retaliating vengeance of the latter and an instant declar ation of war against the former ? Reason revolts against this as the sole alternative- The U. States could no more be hound to evade the British orders by an immedi ate war with France, than they were bound to atone for the burn ing of the French snip of war on the shore of North Carolina, by an immediate resort to arms a gainst Great-Britaio. With respect to the principle assumed by the Br itish ordets. it is perfectly clear that it could oo t justify them in the extent given t rt their operation, a if the facts erro. [No. IX.]