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~~IVGUSTA-T HINTED BY DANIEL STAKNES & Co.
PROPOSALS- |
rY DANIEL STARNES & CO.
, h Sul-r-rptiot: a nettfy Ktcxriffier
f VrHE CiTY OF AUGUSTA, j
To BL ENTITLED
Mirror ot the Times. |
Mr V*
TIiK universal promulgation of :
,b in d the general dirtribution of know- ,
j ’ are object* of the firft: importance in
■ ■ry'country where liberty ha* left trace*
ether footflept, under every government
WMC h coufult. the happiness of Man
, knowledge,” said the Great Lord Bacon
uUpju-er, united with virtue" it certainly
k liberty- Where ignorance reigns there
Tce triumph* and despotism governs. As
bjd become* enlightened authority will be
limiteJ 3c morality reftcred—Knowledge &
1 m:a;eJhe bales of freedom—the one
inftrucV us in cor rights, the other teaehes,
, ur duties; tli? firft lliew* us how to con
s r ja ihe heft pvdulde form of government,
the lift requires Xis to < bty i: when conftruc
!ed. it ii therefore advantageous every where,
tbut ia a KefuUtc it is abfolu ely necefiary
that correct information fltouid be widely
difFuled and easily obtained t For tb,rt ’tis
the ftrfli who govern. 7bty never inten
tionally choose bad leaders or approve wrong
meaiures, yet they are liable to error—give
them true details and they wifi judge cor
rectly for on plain grounds the people hI- j
Wjvsfrom jujl tpinions ■. whenever they mis- j
take their own interests ’tis owing entirely 1
to want of information in the mar* or want
cf honesty in the/™. Bit cxt rfvc po'iti
cal information is not to be
much labour, aim few have leifuie to Rudy
the systems, compare the opinions and pe
ruse the pages of Locke, Sydney, Gibbon,
Kume and Vattel. If an acquaintance with
jhs true principles of government and duties
«fa citizen could be arqu'red only from
huge folios & diffufe treatife*, it would be
seldom fought or if fought, the plough, the
hatchet, and the saw mttft (land Rill. Seme
cheaper and eaficr means of fatisfying ruri
siity and procuring information rmift there
fore be looked for ; and where is intelligence
cheapness and convenience united With more
sdvantsge, than in theeloftly printed col
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countrymen appear so well convinced of
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JOSI PH hint HiNSUA:
hICHARD H. WILDE.
August ‘id. 46 8 w
MIRROR OF THE TIMES.
■ - ■ - - - ■ - -
MIDI)LESEX MFETING.
London, Aug . ii. YeOerdat
there was a numerous meeting o !
freehohltrs at the Mermaid, it
Hacknev, to cortftder of refoUt-
I tions to be offered on the fubjeti
ot Parliamentary reform,
Mr Sheriff Smith dated to the
meeting the fubjeti for which ii
was futnmoned. It wa> to take
I into consideration such propo
litions for reform, as would se
cure the reality and the use cf
reprefeniation in the Commons
House of Parliament.
Major Cartwright then came
forwaid. He (uppofed that tna.
ny had been disappointed when
they contidered the length ot
time which had elapfcd hnee the
requilition was originally ftgned.
This fubfect however, of a
i natuie& importance which re.
| quired the moll mature coidide
tatiortj bo;h in the manner and
the time for bringing it forward. |
It was tictclloiy niK» tu conluit i
those men who had taken their j
Hand in Parliament upon the J
rock of the Conitltutiouj and 1
who had felt and ptorlauncd the
neceflity cf refitting and waging
war againfi the wicked despot. ;
it in ct the fat! ion of the borough j
mongers ; a tatiion which, for
their own private ends, tramp
led alike on the libeiues of the
people, and on the authority of ,
the king— (applauses). Pie felt :
it necefiary, in the beginning of |
his addreis, tc take notice of !
what had fallen from the hou. |
•lord (Selkirk) who had chosen j
to fiaud iorwara as the champi * ;
on of the fattion of the borough
mongers. 1 hat nobie lord had
(fated in his pamphlet “ that no
fiich leforrn was ncceff.tiy ; lhat
Parliamentary reform was not
4
the road to any ptactical im
provement j that what was fta- [
ted of us neceflity, was not only j
not true, but that it was the ve, I
ry reverie of the truth.” He alio
dated, that all the exertions in
Uvor ot Pailiamentaiy reform, j
; were “ experiments to throw i
j down the landmark.*, of the con
Itituuon.” If the realoning of
this champion of the borough
monger faction were to be coii- J
j hdeied, anti it were to be alkedj
what it was that he called the
“landmarksof the conUitution,”
it would be found that he meant
nothing but the rotten boroughs.
It appealed to him, however,
that Inch landmarks lelembleci
the ruins of Rome and Athens,
or merely (hewed where gieat
and free nations ha*i once exdf
ed, but were deUioyed by the
! corruptions of their governments
j — (apj)lauf'.s)u Ot iuch land
1 niaiks there were abundance i
* bu l they wc-re not the landmark*
of l ke liberties of the country j
but iis slavery — {g dpplcujc) j
j Our oldconitituuon conhlieu of
1 two branches, the military and ]
| the civil. The military btanth
| of it conlifted of all the people
| of England, trained to the use i
| of aims, under ihe direction of!
| the nobility and gentry of the j
country. Os this ancient mill- >
lary con! ituiion not a veltage i
now remained, and in ihe place i
of jt we saw iu)th;ng but bar- I
t racks, -any of which *eie filled
; with Gerniat* i o idiers. Even !
| Geiman officers, h*4 been ap-j
pointed to the command ok fi’ng
! kfh ddfiitts. He thereiore con* 1
i
“ HOLD Till MIRROR UP TO NATURE.” C.
WEST END OF BKOAD-SPKEET.
'idered that all the landmarks of
he ancient military conftitniion
>f the country had been com
olelcly removed. As to ihf
civil branch of our ancient con
(titution, the great feature of it
was the repreientation of r!ie
people in the Coruaions Houle
of parliament.
Upon the principle of free and
equal representation, the people
of England would be now en;i
--• led to 658 representatives, ‘air
ly and freely chosen. Inflra iof
lhat number, it appeared, how
ever, that in close boroughs,
the borough monger fatfion pof.
Lfled of thele feats ; that
they had removed fornany kmd
tnaiks of our liberties, and made
them landmarks of our deipo
tilm— [upplwfti)' Besides the
close boioughs, there were fifty
feats filled bv tire mod notorious
venality and co>ruption on the
part ct the electors- It there
i foie nppcaitd, ihai a mod deci
! ded majority ot 658 members
'■ of the Houfeof Commotes were
[not cholen, as the conlfituiion
Lintended, by ihe free and fair
election of ihe people. That
was not the whole of the griev- t
-mce. E'-en after the m'eniDeis
! had lo entered tfie Houle, the)
were bribed by petitions and
places from the government. —
It appeared by a laic report,
thcie were no fewer than iiu
pensioners and placemen in the
llouicj and that thereinere 7$
more, who, being oiiictfrs in the
army and navy, were entirely
dependent upon mimlters, for
hopes of proiuotion in ihetv pro
-1 fellion, and of opportunities to
gain rank and dilfinttion ; so
that out ot the 658 landmarks ol
the conitiiuuon 10 which ike
people were entitled, 615 hac
been removed, in Holy writ
, it has been faidj “ Curled be he
1 that removeth his neighbors
! laudmaik.” bo much ioiemnity
• hau oeen given to this curie, ihai
11 was to be pionouuced pubiicl)
; before the people, aua ali the
[ people were to lay 4 Amen !
{loud applauje & cries oj Antn.)
Now, ii a curie lo ioicuin waj
ordered to be dencunced againU
1 the man who would delraud his
j
i heighbor of a few yarn* of land,
by removing his laudmatk, how
deep a curie ought to id! on
thole rrauois, who, by icniov
lng the landmarks ot out tree
dour and our coiittituiloii, trad
done the rnolf eUenuat injury to
millions oi rheir countrymen?—
(l applaujes). The Houle 01
Commons had been lepideritcd
by Mr. Burke, and many dutin
guilhcd wiiter>, as repreieming
a juiy iu many relpetts. it hau
lately been contended, that it
WdS abibiuiely uecthaiy tor mi.
miters and placemen 10 have
j leais in the Houle, in order to
! give infoiinauon. if it weie
! neceHary tor diem to fit there
to give information, it apptaieu
to him lhat they inouiu have «.
| bench to themicivet, ana not be
| entuled to vote. As giveis ol
I miormoUon, tficy weic in the
{ light of wunefles j but although
’ it was necetiaiy 111 coui is ot jut.
1 lice, that there thould be wuuei
j ics, ana lomcumes culpnts, yet
| what would be iLoughl it ihe
| wunefles, after giving their evi
dence, and die culprit, after ina
[ king his deience, were nnuiedi
'l ately to enter the jury oox, and
1
give their opinions on ihe ver*
did "(applauje). Bv the lame
means which deprived the peo
ple of their liheriies, the king
was also deprived of his autho'
*it y and independence, and ob
liged to be dependent on, ar?d a
to, the faction ot the bo
rough mongers.
TT, s revenues, which nfed to
be rumith'ed to him by the ftee
votes ot his ioyal subjects,
were now ? given at the pleasure
<>t ihe borough mongers—and
he was dependent upon them
for every (hilling of his reven- |
ue. If it were asked who were I
those borough mongers it would
he aniweied that their numbers
were lo inrOnliderable that
they would baldly fill a cor« i
ner of rhe hall in which he was
then (peaking, St that they Were
able to impose upon his ma_
jtfly whatever numbers they
thought proper, and they were
able to dictate to those rmnif.
tiers such meatutes as they
thought proper, 1c had been
common hitherto to fav. that
* »
the bufiiiefs of JParliamentary
Reform was exticmely difficult.
» It appears to him, however to
be only difficult, because the
people had hitherto been too
inattentive to their own inter,
efts. If the coutUiy cbuld fair
ly exert ulelf, the cause of ie
form mull lucceed. He had
for 30 years conltantly denied
the sovereignty of the bo
rough monger faction, and had
set them at defiance yet
they were not able jo hurt a
hair of his head. He was con I
vmccd, that if the people would (
aflert their rights they would |
without any danger trample i
upon those reptiles who had
so long trampled upon their
liberties. He had heard a great
deal of temperate and modeiate J
reform, lie conceived, how
ever, that in a calc where prin
ciples was concerned, to be
temperate was to be dishonest.
( Applaus *3 Murmurs.) Not to
be guilty of excels, was temper
aricc enough, and it was tuf
lu ient moderation not to de
mand any thing but what Was
1 heir right, and what was jult.
The advantages of unanimity
were often much spoken of—
but it was impoflibie to have
actual unanimity without going
back to the fir It piinciplesot
the ConUitution. lie thought it
uecciiary to make lome obfer.
various on the events which had
recently occurred on the Dan
ube. It was highly probable
that the Conqueror would en
tirely [way the comment of
Europe, and lhat he would offer
peace to England. The peace
which he wouid offer, would
appear to him to be completely
ruinous to the country, unless
it was preceded by a pailiamcu--
tar y Reform which alone,
would place us in a fituaiion
ol iecuruy againli hi* power. —
lie concluded by moving a va
' ricty of Relolutions, ttaimg in
lubitance, “ that in me year ’93,
it had been offered to be proved
at the Bar of the Houle of
Commons, that 154 individuals
returned 107 Memoers ot that
Houle —that a large proportion
of the Members of that Houle'
were Riacc men and peniioriers,
and that thanks thould be re
| turned to bir Francis Durden,
S
MON DAY, November 20, 1809.
‘ for calling the attention of Par
j liamem to the fubjetf of Ke-
I form and that he should be re
quested to bring it forward ear-
I ly in the next (elfion.
Mr. H'rrc Tv-wnsend.—^\\ r hen
I came heie I did not thihk.
that I should he called upon
;to second the resolutions so
! ably introduced hgkny friend,
Major Caitwright, and which
you have heard read. Con
i voiced however, as I am, and
i as I trufl yob all are of the ne
, cedity of these resolutions, 1
i second the motion with lincere
! pleasure—and the more so be
' caufc in undertaking lo to do,
i I (land in a lituation perhaps
j more peculiar than that of any
o.her gentleman in the room.
I am a farmer and hold a farm,
(belonging to myfeif,) for
j which were I at this moment
to let it, I coulo not obtain
j n, ore ‘ban 160/. per annum.
Gentlemen, what will you fay,
what will you think of the fixa
tion of England, when I tell
you that the taxes and ralcs t
and tythes of this farm amount
to more than the rent ? [here !
Shameful , abominable ! J—-
Such, gentlemen, is the facr,
which I attribute, in a great de*
gtee, to the immoderat* 6c un«
iiecellary profulion with which
tlic publiek money is lavished.
1 his land is tytherable , and
being lately called upon for
an increase of the annual pay.
inctii in iefpe& of itiy great
tythes, I wrote a letter to the
inhabitants of Godaiming, near
i to which my farm lies, which
is lo ex*ctj 7 M s
! the prelent lituation of the
J country, that with your permif
| lion 1 will take the liberty of
reading it. Whatever coinci.
dence there may appear between
this letter and the objed of this
meeting, I can allure you that
even the tequifition was at the
time not known by me to be
in contemplation. You will
oblerve in the account of the
expenditure of the farm, the
lax on cart horses is accidently
omitted —and the truth on that
iubjcct is, that the calls of the
tax gatherer are so numerous t
lo incejjant and so indeter .
minuble, that 1 really forgot to
mlert it —lo that the statement
is really below the real amount
of expenditure in rates, taxes
and tythes. My house too
being on a fealt* somewhat
more extenlive than that which
would be deemed requilite lor
the occupation of a farm of
this extent, I did not think it
lair to include the house and
window tax. A farmer to be
lure inuft have a houle—that is
it he can get one in the present
alarming and deplorable Hate
of the country; [ Read, read ! J
Mr, lownfcnd then read the
following letter :
A letter addressed to the inhabitants
oj Godalming on the recent rise
oj the Great Tythes.
Bur bridge , July 28, 1809.
Gentlemen.
As an increased demand
i for tythes will oblige me to
cease Jean being a grower of
1 corn , a circumliancc which con
cerns the pubiick as nearly as
it does inytelf, I beg to prelc«
the inhabitants of Godaiming
parifli with a itatemeiu of facts,
which peihaps may flimulate
tbctu to come forward with the
[No. 58 ]