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f [VOL. ll.] v v AUGUSTA- PRINTED BY DANIEL STARNES * Cm. WEST END OF BROAD-STREET. PROPOSALS ,r OANIIL STARNES St CO. . tM/huf h Mfirftim « wmitf NtwSf+r CITY OF AUGUSTA, TO Bfc ENTITLED jl/irror of the Times. THE universal promulgation of th IQ d the general diflribuiioo of know rV’ |re objed* of the firft importance in country where liberty h»» left trice* !„,; r foi tftep*, under CTcry jovernment h ; c h cot.fult* the happint** of Man Knowktlfe,” said H>e Great Loid Bacon .•apower,united with virtue ’ it certainly i, liberty. Where ignorance reign* there rce triumph* and defpotjft* govern*. A* ~n become! enlightened authority will be limited ft morality restored—Knowledge ft ,i rl({ are the bale* of freedom—the one jftruA* u* in oar right*, the other teache*, our dutie*; the firlUhew* us how tocon- Irud the belt pollible form of government, the l»ft require* u* to obey it when conftrue t(d Iti»therefore advantageou* every where, (betin a htfMic it i* abfolu’ely eecefl'ary thit corred information should be widely djffufed and easily obtained : For thirt ’tie hi ptt?h who govern. They never inten tionally choose bad leader* or approve wrong Tieafure*, yet they are liable to error—give them true details and they will judge eor j^] f _for on phi* *rtu*di the people al •*yifromy*/i ipirtitm : whenever they tnif uke their own interefls ’tie owing entirely tt want of information iu the many or waut ifboneftym the ft-w. But mt ii/vt po'iti nlinformation is not to be acquired without such labour, and few have leisure to study >bt fyftemi, compare the opinion* and pe nile the pige* of Locke, Sydney, Gibbon, ’lime ami Vittel. If an acquaintance with llx true principle* of government and datie* as a citizen could be arqu red only from krge folio* ft ciiffufe treatile*, it would be ftldoai fought or if fought, the plough, the j bitchet, and the saw mu ft (land (till. Seme cheaper and easier mean* of fatiafying curi •fity and procuring inform tion must there lore he looked for; and where i* intelligence ilinpucf* and con vein* . ce united with more advantage, than in the closely printed col umn of the humble New*-paper ? Our countnrmen appear so well cenvinred of the uiefulnefa of peiiodical print* and have (owry liberally enc. uraged them, that we deem i' u< nrcelTary to insist bn their merit, md ilmoll I chute to requefl public patron ise for mother News-paper cftabliflmunt. We tan promise little except what atten tion, honesty ft industry cm perform. The yrincipleaof our Paper, likeeur own, will be Republican, “but the fame freedom of opin ion which we claim for ourfetvc*, we wish ill other* to enjoy.” Civil and Religiou* liberty is the birh right of evry man, and htwho will not extend the fame indulgence to ill parties, and all fedt, which he wishes tor hit own, i* already Or dekrve* to be a tare. Tofupport Religion and morality will kour pride—to encourage literature our tttdeivjr—no communication* calculated to do either will be ref used ;no hint will be >q!fded. In a free country it i* neceflary -bat the law ftioutd be neither vague nor •»known, all public aeft* of the State leg- I'ature, will therefore be pubiifhed a* they tone to hand. The MIRROR OF THE TIMES will be •pen to t ii who can t>af, public measure with lecency.and in examining the conduA of tael'll dual*, „ officer* of government—it , 1 A’, Ptrty hut my Cuuutiy, N, Truth." CONDITIONS. | '•The Mirror OF THE TIMES will be pabiiflied every Monday, on a royal toeet of an excellent quality, and gaod Typ*. ‘ The price to fufcfctbar* will be three per anuuati, paid Ulf yearly in dunce. 1,1 I he price for advertiGng will beSfty •tut* per lquare for the firft insertion thirty seven aad a half for each •o tisettiau, * ?^ c F*l :er w 'll be delivered to Town * fwilHr* at their place* of abode and ■oft for tha country will be done up “ picket* and delivered at the Peft vticc. lawyers Office. I HR Subscribers having enter «« into partnership in the j B f Cllce *h e LAW, respctfully ; s , * public that their Ofitce r pt ca ihe South tide of Broad j i Ct ’ tKo doors above Messrs w ‘ l et« *il busw vII il" 1 '* *’** their profession i, be PWctually attei ded to. It Cioi" 1 '* 01 to practice in th# Ilktr '. Jfff r*y c V Wilkes, lurkr °* ,chmon d» Gr«e#e k c °ttatU. Ll, l c . cl *» Hancock co" r Th I*,h' 1 * ,h ' F ' d " ai 1 Th# arrange men* tl»,_ . » »uth that uiic will •hilitik * l the °* c « JO# i?Do r *^ on l^e circuit. HINSUN: H. WILDE. mu 4»i« MIRROR OF THE TIMES. Letter of the Min inter of Foreign Affair* of France . M. Champagny, to General Armstrongs Minister oj the U. States , to Paris. “ Altenburch, August tt. ** Sir— His majefly under (landisg that you are about to dilpatch a Clip to the United States, commanda me to mak« known to you the unalterable principles which have arid will regulate his conduct in the great quell ion respecting neutrals’. “ France admits the princi- j pie, that the flag protects the ! trade* The trading veflcl which carries the license of its govern' ment may be contidered as a moving colony : To insult such a vcflel by (earch, pursuit or any act of arbitrary power, is a violation of the fundamental law of colonization, and is an attack upon the government of the lame. Ihe leas belong to every nation, without excepti on ; they are the common pro perty and domain of all man kind. “ Confidently with this doc trine, merchant vclfe!* belong, ing to individuals may pals by < inheritance to pei lons who ne ver exposed themselves to be made prisoners of war. In all her conquests, France has con. fidered iacrcd private property deposited in the warehoules of the vanqui flied date, and such have had the complete difpofa! of matters of trade ; and at this moment conveys by land of merchandize and clpccially cor tons, arc pafling through the French army and Austria, to proceed to the dedination com merce directs. If France had fieizcd the monopoly of thefeas, Ihe would have accumulated in her territory all theprodufls ol the earth, fhc would have obtained iramcafurable wealth. Undoubtedly, if England had the dominion of land, which lhe has acquired on the ocean, her acquisitions would have been enormous. She would, as in the times of barbariTm, have fold the conquered, and difliibuted them as Haves thro’, out her land. The avarice of trade would have absorbed eve ry thing, and the government of an enlightened nation, which has brought the arts of civiliza tion to perfection, would have given the carlielt indancts of the return of the savage ages.— That government is fully im prefied with the injustice of it* naval code. But what has that government to do with jufticc, which only enquires for profit f “ When France shall have efiabiifhed her naval power, which, with the extent of her coaltand her population, will soon be accompiifhed, then will the emperor reduce these principles to practice, and ap ply bis mandate to render it un' iverfal. The right, or rather usurpation; of blockading ri-> vers and coalts by proclama. tion, is palpably contrary to reason and equity. A right cannot possibly spring from the will of an interefied party, but muff always be founded on the natural relations of things. A place is not properly blockaded unless it be besieged by laad and water* It is blockaded to prevent the introduction of af | Gftauce, by which iht surrender “ HOLD THI MIRROR UP TO NATURI.” dh*<tSfCtrt. of the place might be protrar ted ; and then we have onb »he right to prevent neu tra flips from entering the pon. when the place is thus circum ltanced, and the poifeffion of i is matter of doubt between the besiegers Sc besieged- On thi* is grounded the right to prevent neutrals from entering the place. “ The sovereignty and inde pendence of its flag, like the fo rcreignty and independence of * its territory, is the property of j every neutral. A date may transfer itfelf to another date ; it may drflroy the archives of its » independence, and pass from prince to prince; but the right of sovereignty is indivisible and unalienable ; no one can re nounce it. England has placed France in a date of blockade. The emperor has, in his decree of Benin, declared, the Briiifh if. lands in a date of blockade.— The firft of these regulations forbid neutrals to proceed to France; the (econd prohibiten their entering English harbors. “ England has by her orders of council of the nth of No. vember, 1807, v *cd an import on neutral ihips, and obliged them to enter its ports before they fail to France. By the decree of the 17th of Decem ber, of the fame year, the em peror has decreed, that all. such Ihips be denationaiifed which had entered English potts, or submitted to be Icarched. “ In order to ward off the inconvenicncies with which this dale of things threatened her commerce, America laid an embargo in all her berbors; and although France had done no thing more than ul’ed the right of teialiaiion, its wants, Sc those of its colonies, differed much from this meafuie ; yet did the emperor magnanitnouily con nive at the proceeding, in or der, rather to endure the priva. tion of commerce than to ac knowledge the authority of the ufuiper of the Teas. “ The crabatgo wasraifed Sc afyfteiw of uon.imercourfc was fubdituted for it. The powers on the continent in alliance with England having the fame objcQ in view made a common c;>u!e with her that they might derive the fame advantages. The har. hours of Holland, of the Elbe, of tha VVcfer, of Italy, and o( Spain, were to enjoy those benefits from which France was to be excluded ; and the one or the other were to be opened or doled to commerce as cir cumltanccs rendered expedient, so as France was bereft of it. “ Thus, fir, in point of prin. ciple, France resigns the free dom of neutral commeicc, and the independence of the mari. time powers which she rcfpected up to this moment, when the maritime tyranny of England, I that rcfpeßs nothing, and the I arbitrary proceedings of its go vernment, compelled her to adopt nseafures of retaliation to which she resorted with re. gret. Let England revoke her blockade of France, and Franca will recall her declaration of blockeadeagainft England. Let England revoke her cabinet or ders of the nth November 1807, and the Milan decree will expire of itfelf. Araetican commerce will then recover its omplete freedom, and be as. “red of finding in the harbors >f France favour and protec ion. But it belongs to the U. States to attain to this happy >bjetl by their firmnefs. Can a nation resolved to remain free hesitate between certain momen* iary terefts Sc the great cause of maintaining her independence, her honor, her sovereignty and her dignity f “ M; CIIAMFftWMY.” LONDON Oct. l*. It is reported that Talleyrand had incurred Bonaparte’s dis pleasure, who had diverted him of the office of great chamber lain. Vifcourt Caftlereagh had an audience of his majesty, and delivered up his seals of office as secretary of ftatc for the war and colonial departments. Mr Canning had also an audience, and delivered up his seals of office as secretary of foreign affairs. Mr. Canning has per lectly iccovered from the effetts of the late duel. His majefly held a privy council, at which earlt Bathurft was sworn in se cretary of iUte for foreign af aira. Oct. 16. Mr. Prcccval, we underfttnd wrote a letter to her royal high ness the princcls of Wales, for*- tnally announcing his appoint, ment as firft lord of the treafu. ry. In this letter the new pre mier condoles with her royal highness on the loss sustained by the adrainiftration, in being deprived of the splendid talents of Mr. Canning, but takes oc cafton to aifure her, that it was not his fault, as he had offered to agree to any arrangemeqt that Mr. Canning might suggest by which a third person might have been placed at tha head of thetreafury Sc he truilcd that her royal highness would fee in this a fatisfactory proof that it was not from felfifh consider ations that he had excepted of this flotation. Her royal highness, in answer to the letter, expresses her thank» for the communication, and her extreme regret at the resignation of Mr. Canning. She con. eludes by complimenting Mr. Pcrceival on his courage in un* dertaking so arduous a talk as the adminiflration of public as fait sin a moment of such un precedented difficulty. If in. deed Mr. Perccival hopes to be able to fill this place with effect, he is, indeed, entitled to the praifeof courage; but we do believe, that his molt sanguine friends, expert that any thing but fomc great unforefeen acci dent can enable him to stand his ground one week after the meeting of the parliament.— We have not heard of any ac* cession of talent, rank, c'narac. ler and fortune, since the ap pointment of Mr. Crokcr to the office •( secretary to the admiralty, is the room of the honorable W. Pole, and even j that cannot be considered a new acquirement. In faft, the pre mier is more naked Sc deserted than he even appears to be; for the few changes that have taken place have not introdu. ccd a new friend, and even of 1 j fotnc of his colleagues w’>o re* MONDAY, December It, 1809. main in office, they are more for show than i»fr—■» carl Ba thurft,eari Canuien and lord L. Gower, only retain their fcal* until their iucccfibrv art ap« pointed. In fa&, as we Rated fame time ago, the carl of Liverpool, lord Eldon and Prcccival, ara the only members of thecabi net who are determined to stay in until they are driven out.— Thus Mr. PrcccvaPa ministry refeoibles a beliefed town, with a fir aliened garrilon, in which the commander is reduced to expedient to mask hi* weaknef# and impose upon the besieger » for which purpose wc find* from military hiftory, jack boot* are fometiinct planted lo a* to look like gun*, and tha men arc ordered to prefeni themfelvc® upon the wall* oc casionally, in the new uniforma that their numbers may be thus be multiplied in the eye* of tha enemy. The treaty of peace, be« tween Sweden and Kuflia, wa* ligned on the 17th at Federickf. bam, and its ratification is to ba exchanged at Peterfbargh with in four weeks.— T* the Editor §f the Dtily Advertiser. If you think the following fact* worth inserting, they ara at your fcrvicc. My reason for troubling you at this time, is to obviate if poflible the frequen cy of the roofs ofhoufes catch ing fire in consequence of tba burning of foul chimney*; I inhabited a house font years within a few miles of thia city, in rather a lonely fitua« non. Being fearful of accU dent* from fire, more efpecia!- ly from the chimney on a dry roof, I bethought me of many fubftance* to apply to obviata the effect of that devouring ele ment. It occurred to me that» good coat of flacked lime a* hot as poflible, might do. I tried il and found ittoanfwer my mod fanguinc expectations, Indeed it not only fared the roof frora the effects of fire (in a great measure) but it i* an excellent preservative ro the fhingle*.—. Only lay it on when the roof ia prefectly dry 6c the fun Ihining, Ihe roof may be done every lecond year. A peck of lima will be fuflicient for a large house^-the whole expence will not exceed two dollar*. Su peradded to which, I conceive it will give a lively appacranca of our city. Foreigners ob lerve the biacknefs of the roof* spoil the perspective beauties of one of the handsomest citiea in the world. The above re medy and a few spires would certainly correct this deficiency. I finecrly with my fcllow.citu zens would adopt the white, walhing the roofs of their houses. They may rclt assured it would have ail the advantages I have enumerated. My chimney waa on fire and fcveral havy parti cle* of burning matter fell oa the roof, but remained harm, less. The lime penetrates (when laid on hot) the fnbiUncc of the fhingle*, and the inoregroff |cr part* fill up the interdice* be« tween. I remain your’s fiocerely, T. H. [No. 6a.]