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[VOL. IL]
AUGUST A- PmNTKD BY DANIEL STARNES Jk Co. WEST END OF BHOAD-STKKF.T.
PROPOSALS
B y DANIIL STAB NFS St CO.
rfi/ting b • "“tty
IN THE Cl 1 Y OF AUGUSTA,
To Bt ENTITLED
\l\xxor of the limes.
THE universal promulgation of
,h.»nd the general diflribution of lcnow
kdge! are obje&* of the lirft importance in
country whtre liberty ha* left trace*
ifh er footftepl, under every government
which cot.iult* the happiness of Man
«Knowledge," said the Great,Lord Bacon j
power, united with virtue” it certainly i
j, liberty. Where ignorance reign* there (
T j Cf triumphs and dtfpotifm govern*. A*
B4 n becomes enlightened authority will be j
limited & morality restored—Knowledge & j
virtue are the bates of freedom—the one
inftrudls' us in our right*, the other teaches, I
us our duties; the firtl (hews us how to con
duct the best possible form of government,
the last requires n* to obey it when conftruc
l,d It is therefore advantageous every where,
that in a XtpMie it is abfolu'ely necessary
that correct information fhouid be widely
thtfufed and eafi!y obtained : For then ’ti»
fit t,p">fh v.h° govern. ’They never inten
. tioqahy choose had leader* or approve wrong |
meafure*. yet they are liable to error—give j
thenvuue details and they will tor
redUy —f° r on plain grtwndt the people al -
wiys from jujl opinion! : whenever they mif
tukc their own intcrefts ’tis owing entirely
to want of information in the many or want
of lionefty in lhc/-w . But tmt, nfrut politi
cal information is not to be acquired without
much labour, and few have leifurc to study
the fyftenn, compare thfe opinion* and pc
rufe the pages of Locke, Sydney, Gibbon,
Hume ami Vattel. If an acquaintance with
the true principles of government and duties
»f a citizen could be acquired only from
luge folios & difFufe treatife*, it would be
seldom fought or if fought, the plough, the
kttafiet, and the Paw tmift Rand dill. Some
cheaper and easier mean* offatisfying curi
efity and procuring inform, tion muff there
fore he looked for ; and wbety is intelligence
eheapnefs and convenience united with more
advantage, than in the closely printed col
umns of the humble News-paper? Our
countrymen appear so well convinced of
the ufefulnefs of periodical print* and have
so wry liberally encouraged them, that we
deem it anneceffa.ry to infill on their merit,
»ud almofl hesitate to request public patron
ise fur another News-paper eflablifhmcnt.
We can promise little except what atten
tion, honesty & industry can perform. The
principles of our Paper, like our own, will be
Republican, “ but the fame freedom of opin
ion which we claim for ourselves, we wish
ill other* to enjoy.” Civil and Religious
liberty is the birli right of evry man, and
he who wiU not extend the fame indulgence
to all parties, and all feck, which he wiflies
for hi* own, is already or deserves to be a
lave.
To support Religion and morality will
he our pride—to encourage literature our
endeavor—no communications calculated to
do either will be refufed ; no hint will be
negltdcd. In a free country it is neceflary
that the law fltould be neither vague nor
tinktiown, all public adts of the State leg
itature, will therefore be publiflied as they
«ome to hand.
The MIRROR OF THE TIMES will he
«pcn :o all who canvass public measure with
•eceocy.and in examining the condudh of
odividuals, as offictrs of government—it
vdl km w—“ No Party tut my Country, No
FrunUut 7,utb "
CONDITIONS.
1. The MIRROR OF THE TIMES will be
publiflied every Monday, on a royal
flieet of an excellent quality, and guod
T yp«-
*T he price to fubferber* will be three
dollars per annum, paid half yearly in
- advance.
Uhl he price for advertising will be fifty
cents per square lor the firft insertion
& thirty seven and a half for each ceu
tinuatiou.
The paper will be delivered te Town
'ubfcribi rs at their places of abode aud
those for the country will l>c done up
•n packets and delivered at the Polt-
Ofiitc.
Home Manufacture.*
. THEfublcribcr relpectfully
worms the Ladies and Gen
* ffnen of Augußa and its vi.
Clnu y, that he makes SiUc But. !
‘on* for gentlemen and Ladies '
s, of various figuers; La- 1
"fwclt fafhionable Cords!
1 Taflels ; Gentlemens’ Shoes '
n Boot laUels; Gentleinctis’
> a ‘ ch chains of Silk or Hair ; I
® . ,CCrs &*fhes and Epaulets ;
e " Cd,c N hair woik for Mina
rc lirpait |> ms> Watch Cases, 1
Udies Biafleis; TaflTeU* of |
°t Cotton for wind.ows,
will be done at a
]•'*, notice at Wm. G. Siruge’s :
ii*. V L° r,a doors below the J
J,,' 1 fi ie Bioad llreet,
• '-Uaulim Walters
J
MIRROR OF THE TIMES.
Tr«A»URT RFPAnTMFNT,
Dec. 7th, 1809.
Sir,
I have the honor to enclose a Re.
port prepared in obedience to the
act entitled “ An act to establish
the Treasury Department.”
I have the honor to be,
Very respectfully,
Sir, your oh’t *ewvant,
ALBERT GALLA TIN.
The Honorable
The President of the Senate
REPORT*
( In obedience to the directions
; of the act supplementary to the
! acc entitled/ 1 An act to establish j
1 the Treasury Department” the j
I Secretary of the Treasury respect
fully submits the following report
and estimates :
The duties on merchandize
and tonnage which accrued du
ring the year 1807, amounted after
deducting the exptnees of collec
tion to 826,126,648'
i From which deduct*
mg tor debentures
issued on account of
reexportation, 10 067,191
Left for the nett re*
venue accrued during
that year 16,059,457
The same duties during
the year 1808, amoun
ted after deducting the
expenses of collection,
to g 10,581,559
From which deducting
for debentures issued,
aid which on account
of the embargo did
not exceed 249,396
Leaves for the nett re
venue accrued daring
that year, as will ap
pear by the statement
(A) 10.332.163
The statement (B) exhibits in
detail the several species of mer
chandize and other sources from
which that revenue was collected
during (he )ear 1808} aud the
statement (A) gives a comparative
view of the importations and re
exportations of tile several species
of merchandize for the years iBO7
aud iSL'B, shewing Hereby dis
tinctly rhe effect of foreign ag
gressions and commercial restric
tions on the importations of for
eign articles.
from the returns already recei
ved for the three fi st quarters of
the present year and from the gen
eral knowledge of the importa
tions made during the two last
months, it ie believed that the
grots amount of duties ou ir.er_
chandize imported during the
whole year will, after deducting
the expenses of collection, amount
toa bout ten millions of dollatt.
But as the debentures issued on
account of re-exportations (prin
cipally of colonial produce) will a
mount to about 3,500,01>0 dollars,
the nett revenue acccrued during
the year 18q9 cannot be estimated
ar more than six millions and a
half
It appears by the statement (C)
that the sales of publick lauds have
during the year ending on the
30th September, 1809, amounted
to i *3.000 acres ; & the payments
fby purchasers to near 500,000
dolls. The proceeds of sales in
i, the Mississippi Territory, being
after deducting the surveying and
1 Other incidental expenses, ap
propriated in ihe first place to the
payment of a sum of i,250,000
| Oo.l.tr# to ihe state of Georgia, are
J distinctly, stated.
j It appears by the statement (D)
: that the principal of the publick
i debt have during the same period
S amounted tonear 6,73o,ocodll*tht
reimbursement of iheeighi per cen f
stock having taken plate on thr
j first of Jan. But the aggre
gate of par aunts on account of
principal and interest will not foi
ihe two yiats 180* & igog exceet
/
(t HOLD THE MIKKOK UP TO NATURE.”— SkaktSpCH r/.
the sum of sixteen milTmni of (fol
ia* appropriated bv law.
The same statement shews rh<t
ab' wr 3i. 196,000 dolls of the priii
<i a! of the ■ ebt hare been reim
bursed during the eight years aiul
a half commencing on the ist
i of A P ril ißoi and ending on the
3oth Sep'ember, 18'»9>L exclusive
! ly of more han six miWdns of dol
lars paid in conformity with the
provisions of the convvn’ion with
, Great ‘Britain and of the Louisia.
iouConv
The actual receipts into the
Treasury during tiie year ending
jon the 3« h of Pcp'rinlirf, 18> 9
(have amounted to 315,753 lb
Making, t<»gt.‘iher
with the balance ir*
the Treasury on
'he 1-t of Oct,
j 1 80 S, A amounting
:o 13.846,71 7 52
i
An aggregate of ‘*5,162,47“ 68
T he disbursements duiiug ilu
same year have consisted of the
following items, viz.
Civil Dvpartnicift in
cluding miscellaneous
expences tic. those
incident to the imei
course with foreign
nation*, f ,439,533 23
Military and nival
establishments inclu
ding the Indian De
partment, viz.
Military including
arms and fmtifica*
tions, 3.366,403 I*2
Navy, 2*379,267.80
Indian Depart
ment. 292,303 M
Interest on the pub
icdcbt, 3,126,149 15
10,*03,757 14
Reimburtnmrnt of
principal of the pub
lic debt, 6,729,777 53
Amounting together,
as will appear more
in detail by the state
ment (E) to 17,333,534 67
And leaving in the
Treasury on the 30th
of September, 1809,
a balance of ‘ ,828.936 01
23,162,470 68
Whence it appears that the ex
penses of government, exciusi'.ly
of the payments on account of the
principal of the debt, have exceed- j
ed thtc actual receipts into the j
Treasury by a sum of near tlnr- j
teen hundred thousand tiollnrs } '
and that that deficiency, as well
as the reiuboursemeut o I the prill
■ •
Cipal of the debt, have been paid |
out ot (he sums previously in the
Treasury, or in other words out
of the sutplus of ihe revenue of
the preceding years.
T he ouiaiiiudiog revenue bonds
may, alter deducting the expense*
of collection, and aUiowmg lor
bad debts, be estimated to have
amounted on the 30th of Septem
ber, 1809, to S> 7,500,000
J he duties on the im
portation* during the
last quaiter wilt not pro
bably, after making a
similar deduction tall
short of 2,800,000
All those will fall due
prior to the Ist day of
January, 1811, 8* make,
together with the baU
mice in the Treasury on
the Soth September,
1809, and amounting
us above stated to 5,800,000
A u aggregate of ib.ioO,oOO
The expenses nf the
present quartef, tho’ not
vet precisely ascertain
ed, will not probably,
including ihe pay meins
on account ot the pub—
Ac debt, exceed 3,600,000
1
I.living on »he first day
of January, ISIO, a sum
of 12.500,000
»
About twelve and a half millions
ol dollars in cash or bonds paya
ble during the war 1810, and ap
pl’cabD to the vxp-nses of that
year. This estimate however, is
founded on the supposition that
the amount of debentures parable
in that yrar will not exceed two
millions of dollars, and that the
recicpts during the year arising
from importation subsequent to
the first of January next, and from
the sales of land, will be sufficient
to pay those debentures & to leave
at ail times in the treasury at hast
> one million of dollars
Estimating the expense* of a ci
civil nature, both domestic and so -
reign, for the year 1810, at the
same amount actually expsnded
lor those objects during the pre
ceding year, or at about 1,500.000
And adding thereto the
annual appropriation of 8,000,000
For 1 he public debt ; (of
which sum .-.bout three
I millions seven hundred
! and fifty thousand dol
lar* will be applied to
tlic final reimbursement
ol the exchanged six
percent stock ;) It lol
lows that unless the i»g.
g'cgatc of the expenses
for the milt.uiy ik naval
establishments should
be reduced to about 3,000,000
12,500,000
three millions of dollars, a loan,
will be necesbuty to wake up the
fk-fiettney. T hat state of the
1 rtasury had been anticipated ;
and, for that reason an increase
of duties had been respectfully
submitted in the last annual re
port. but should that measure
be now adopted, it would not, on
account of the terms of credit al*
lowed lor the pay meni of duties,
supesede the necessity of a loan for
the service of the year 1810, com
mensurate with the extent of those
establishments and with the appro
pnation» which may be made for
their support by Congress. No
precise sum is suggested, since
tills niuit vary according to the
plans which may be adopted in re
lation to foreign nttious, & will
particularly depend on the decision
I of congtess ou the question of war
or peace- it is sufficient to state
| that ii the actual expenditure of
J the year 1810 tor all military and
j naval purposes should be csiiuid
-1 ted at ihe same sum which was dis
bursed by the T reasury for those
| oujccis during the year ending on
j the 3oih September, 1809 and ex
ceeding as aoove stated six mil
lion ol dollars, me deficiency ac
cording to the preceding estimates
would amount to thieu millions ;
on which supposition, it would
seem prudeui, murder to provide
againtt any deficiency in th« re
ceipts be)unci what nas been esti
mated, 10 authorise a loan ot tout
mtllious of dollars.
In the event of war the necessity
of rendering U efficient and ol tail
ing for that purpose into action all
me resources 01 me country, is too
obvious to require comment. On
that subject nothing wilt at mis
time be <.ddeb by tins department
to the suggest to us respectfully bub
nntt 1 d m me two preceding annual
reports. Loans reimbursable by
instalments and at nxed peiiods at
| ter tbe return ol paacc, must cuu_
ijuue the principal ie»uurcu lor de
fray mg the exitaoibinary expenses
of the war. For the support Oi
public credtt, tbc basis ou winch
rests the practicabilji \ ot obta:mug
: leans 011 teasonauic terms, it iip
! pears nectsaaiy mat lire revenue
j should, unite mean wttlie, be equal
I t,, the imeicsi on the pubuc ucb.
including that on the new loans,
and to a>l the current expenses 01
I , 1
government calculated on a peace
1
MONDAY, January i, 18tO.
establisrheht. or, for the present
to about eight million* of dollars
Am immediate apt! considerable
encrease of the twisting duties will,
it is believed, be requisite for that
purpose iti order to cover t!ie defal
cation which a maritime war iumt
necessarily produce in a revenue
almost exclusively depending on
commerce. That enrrease appears
preferable in the present situation
of the United States to any other
source of taxation, and is not, in
time of war, liable to the objection
of its encouraging smuggling. It
is only tn the event of that revenue
being still more affected by a ivar
han is apnelietided, that a resort
to internal taxes either direct or in
direct may become necessary.
It war should not be resorted to,
it dots not appear requisite unless
Congress should resolve on a per
manent encrease of the military
ami navel establishments in time of
peace, to lay at present any addi
tional duties, bet ond a mere con
tinuauce of the two and a half per
cent, known under the name of
“ Mediterranean fund.” It ha*
already been stated that an encreeso
of the impost would not supply die
deficiency which may take place
in the ) ear 1810, and exclusively
of the reuiibuisummit of the loan
which may be wanted for the 8
vice of that your, all the national
expenses calculated on a peace es
tablishment, anti on the average
of tile actual expenditures of the
six years I*o2 a 1807, will not ex
ceed ten millions of dollars for the
year 18ii, and eight milhouu after
that year.
For the only portion of the ex
isting debt wlnch according to law 1
it will be practicable uftcr the year
1810 to reimburse, will, exclusive*,
ly of tbo annual reimbursement of
the six per cent & deferred stocks
consist only of the converted six
percent stock, which amounts to
less than two rubious of dollars
The payments, on account of the
annual appropriation of eight mil.
lions of dollars, for the debt cannot
lor that reason (except for the pur
pose of reimbursing the loan which
may be waimd lor the service of
the year 1810) much exceed six
millions of dollars in the year ißn
and four millions of dollars annu
ally alter that year. The expen.
scs for the)car 1811 and the ensu
ing years may, therefore, if calcu
lated on a peace estao islmient, be
estimated as lolloweih, viz.
Civil expenses, domes
tic and foreign, 1,500,000
Military & navalettab*
lishmeuts (including the
Indian department) cal
culated on the average
of the actual expendi
ture lor those obj-cts
during the six years
1802— 1807, as will ap
pear by stetement (l 1 )
about 2,500,000
Interest on the public
dtbt, including the an
nual reimbursement on
the six per cent and
deferred siocks, 4,100,000
Total of the annual ex
penses alter the year ißtl 8,100,000
Reimbursement of the
converted six per cent.
stock, 1. §60,000
Total of expenses f« t
the year 1811, 8 9,960,000
Whatever may he the decision
of Congress in other respect ,
' is a subject which seems to require
immediate attention* The provi
sions adopted for the purpose of
carrying u»to«Mfcct the non inter*
course with England and France,
particularly as modified by the act
of lust session under an expectation
that the orders of council of Great
Britain had been revoked, are m*
efficient and altogether inapplica
ble to existing circumstances. It
wdl be sufficient to observe that
exportation by land is nut loibid
den, and that no bonda being re-
[No. 64.]