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JAB. G. BAILIE. )
FRANCIS COGIN. ! Proprietors
GEO. T. JACKSON. )
Address all Letters to
H. C. STEVENSON, Manager.
The Bank of California resumes to
day. Now for champagne and birds on
toast.
Boston comes in for a heavy failure,
which involves her banks for a round
million of money.
The Athens Daily Georgian is one of
the brightest and most attractive pa
pers published in this State.
The Carlists have gained s :*me suc
cesses, and the date of their final col
lapse has been again indefinitely post
poned.
The Red Cloud Indian Council has
come to some sort of a conclu
sion. The United States Government
has determined to get the savages out
of the Black Hills, and all dark races,
sooner or later, must give way before
the advance of the “pale faces.”
Col. Christy, editor and proprietor
of that sterling weekly, the Athens
Watchman, is in the city. Any of our
merchants wishing to extend their bus
iness in the upper part of the State
should consider favorably the excellent
opportunities afforded them by Col.
Christy.
We had the pleasure last evening of
a visit from Mr. Wm. Weaver, editor of
the Greensboro’ Herald. Mr. Weaver
conducts one of the best and truest of
our country exchanges. It has been a
devoted adherent of genuine Demo
cratic principles, and we shall always
hear with gratification of the success
of the able and high-minded editor.
According to our Paris dispatches,
the telegraph lines have been manipu
lated on the Eastern question to suit
speculators and propagate lies. With
a fraud at the head of the European
estabiishinent and Jay Gould in charge
of affairs in this country, there will be
the devil to pay sure enough.
That pious young man, Louis Rehm,
who stole some money from the Plan
ters’ Bank of Louisville, Ky., which was
afterward recovered, is now found to
have been a habitual defaulter during
the last five years. His stealings have
amounted to $105,000, and the bank has
accordingly “gone where the woodbine
twinetb.”
Alluding to the statement of this
paper that all Northern tramps had
better avoid this city, if they did not
want to be “moved on,” the Constitu
tion says: “This means to Atlanta,
and as Atlanta is not in the habit of
shoving paupers on her sister cities, it
also means that she must feed and
lodge them. If she does, we give notice
that the city of Augusta or the Georgia
Railroad Company will—in some way
not exactly defiued as yet—foot the
bill.” Pass them on to Okefenokee
swamp, brother Hemphill, and say no
more about it.
Georgia Railroad Stock has been in
demand, with no sellers, this week.
The expenditures last year, on the Bth
day of September, were $39,634 in excess
of the gross receipts. This year, Sep
tember 7th, the gross receipts were in
excess of outlay $99,319. This is a won
derful exhibit, during these hard
times, showing admirable management
throughout. Can'any Southern road
make a better demonstration of sol
vency and prosperity ? And we may
add that few or no Northern roads,
comparatively speaking, are in as good
a condition. We believe the Georgia
Railroad Company {is as sound as
Gibraltar and, under an administration
like the present, its securities must be
among the best now on the market.
We see no good reason why the stock
should not vapidly go to its par value.
When bad securities shrink, good ones
whould be on the ascending scale.
THE BUSINESS WORLD.
Big Failure in Boston and a Small
One in New York—Fighting an In
surance Company—Debt Statement
of the United States.
Boston, October I.—Shepard, Haines
& Cos., extensive lumber dealers, have
failed for $1,500,000. The Boston banks
held nearly a million dollars of their
jiaper. Montreal banks hold $500,000-
New York, October I.—Firth &
Kinchman, iu the brick building mate
rial line, failed. Loss, $79,000. They
will probably pay 75 cents.
Louisville, October I.—The Courier-
JournaVs Nashville special says fifty
policy holders of the St. Louis Mutual
Life Insurance Company, living in Mid
dle Tennessee, have filed suits to re
cover back annual premiums amount
ing to $40,000, on the grounds that the
company has failed to comply with
contracts. Bonds to the amount of
$20,000 have been attached.
Washington.
Washington, October I.—The debt
statement shows a decrease during
the month of $3,342,5G2. In the
Treasury—coin, $67,833,316; currency,
$4,790,352. Treasury disbursements
for the month, exclusive of interest or
principal of the public debt, $10,750,-
4)00. Five million bonds of June 30th,
1864, have been called. Interest ceases
on January Ist, 1876.
Legal Battle Between a Trust Compa
ny and a Commissioner.
New Haven, October I.— lnsurance
Commissioner Steadman appeared at
the office of the American Life and
Trust Company this p. m., and formal
ly demanded possession of the effects
of the company. Benjamin Noyes,
President, gave an answer in 4 wrlting,
stating he had been advised by counsel
that the law under which the Commis
sioner claimed to act was unconstitu
tional and void, and that the Commis
sioner’s bond was illegal and insuffi
cient. He added he did not intend to
resist the law, but would hold the as
sets subject to orders of courts having
jurisdiction of legal questions involved.
The Commissioner’s counsel then fm
formed Mr. Noyes that he should ap
ply to New London Superior Court to
morrow for writ of mandamus, and
that he should hold him liable under
criminal law. President Noyes remains
jn possession.
@ie August® Constitutionalist,
i
Established 1799.
THE BLACK HILLS.
Closing Scenes in the Council.
Red Cloud Agency, September 29, via
Fort Laramie, W. TANARUS., September 30.
After council yesterday, when enor
mous prices were put on the Black
Hills by the Sioux, the Commissioners
became desirous not to submit any
proposition for purchase of the Hills.
At to-day’s council a protocol, drawn
by Messrs. Ashby and Lawrence, was
presented to the Chiefs therefore, which
after reciting a desire for peace, offered
to buy the right to mine in Black Hills
for $4,000,000 per annum, this right to
terminate at any time on a year’s no
tice oy the United States. Second, To
purchase the Black Hills from the
Sioux nation and pay them for their
interests there the sum of $6,250,000 in
fifteen annual installments, said sums
to be annually appropriated for their
subsistence and civilization, not less
than $1,000,000 of which shall be
annually expended for purposes
of civilization. Third, That the
President of the United States
shall, under proper restrictions and
regulations, designate three routes to
the Black Hills country. It was next
proposed to purchase the Big Horn
country for $50,000, paid annually for
ten years, the money to be expended in
food and stock. It was furthermore
proposed that if the protocol be ac
cepted, $50,000 be expended iu pres
ents, to be distributed among the
bands. This protocol was left with the
Indians to discuss this winter. Lone
Horn, of the Minneconjous, disturbed
the council by riding up and deliver
ing from his saddle a violent speech
against the Brules and Ogallallas for
trying to sell his country (the Black
Hills.) Little Wound and Spotted Tail
spoke, dwelling principally on their
wants and about the agents. The coun
cil closed with “Hows” and- hand
shakes. The Indians felt insulted by
Lone Horn’s conduct, and after
the council attempted to kill him. He
is hid in the bush along White river.
The Commissioners expect Messrs.
Ashby, Lawrence and Swalm to leave
on Thursday afternoon for Fort Lara
mie. The Crow-Butte council for the
sale of the Black Hills is ended and
nothing accomplished.
SEA SPORTS.
Contest of the New York Yacht Club—
A Chapter of Accidents.
New York, October I.—The Yacht
Club Regatta, for cups presented by
Rear Commodore Kane, was yesterday
participated iu by Madcap, Sadie, Es
telle, Addie, Comet, Vision, Atalauta,
Peerless, Clio, Viudex, Active, Resolute.
Idler, Mohawk and Palmer. The course
was from off the Club House to the
Lightship and return, rounding Buoy
No. 10 on the Southwest Spit going and
returning, the yachts to keep to south
ward of Buoy No. 8)4 and outside <>f
Buoy No. 5)4 both ways. The yachts
were divided into two classes for
schooners and for sloops. There
was a silver cup for each class, and iu
addition Madcap had a side contest
with Vision for the Bennett challenge
cup for sloops. The wind was light, the
tide ebb. As Estelle crossed the line her
foreshrouds caught in the mainboomof
Dreadnough which was not iu the race
and snapped it off. Her own rigging
was a little damaged but she continued
on to sea. Outside the Hook it was
very rough. Estelle lost a man over
board but he was recovered. A little
sloop accompanying the yachts also
lost a man overboard. Efforts to save
him were fruitless. Peerless took a
header into a heavy sea and came out
a wreck, both masts and bowsprit gone.
Madcap broke her chain plates three
miles from the lightship. Several other
yachts suffered damage. Only four
yachts were able to sail the entire
course, the Comet, Atalanta, Estelle
and Sadie, coming home in the order
named. The rest were becalmed inside
the Hook, while outside it blew a storm.
The Atalanta won the prize for first
class schooners, the Comet for second
class schooners, the Sadie for second
class sloops. None iu the first class
going over the course, the Bennett
challenge cup between the Madcap and
Vision remains undecided.
CRIMES AND CASUALTIES.
Re-arrest of an Escaped Felon—Sus
pected Foul Dealing—A Bank Broken
by a Defaulting Teller.
Baltimore, October I—The negro,
Thomas Oscar, who escaped from Mid
dlesex county while under sentence of
death for outraging a white woman,
has been arrested and held for requi
sition from the Yiiginia authorities.
San Francisco, October 1. —Formal
notice has been given that the Bank of
California will open on Saturday.
New York, October 1. —There are sus
picions that the Rev. Dr. Porteous
was foully dealt with. His watch is
gone, and marks of blue are on his
head.
Louisville, October I.—lt has been
discovered that Louis Rhem, who re
cently robbed the Planters’ National
Bank, is a defaulter, and that $105,000
were taken during the past five years.
The bank will go into liquidation.
Marine Disaster—Fatal Explosion—
Railway Disaster —Conviction of Mu
tineers.
Washington, October I.—The signal
service observer at Tybee Island, Ga.,
reports an American bark ashore on
Stone Horse, two miles southeast of
Tybee. The wind is fresh off the
shore and the sea smooth. Tow boats
and pilots have gone to her assistance.
Louisville, October 1 —An explosion
of alcohol vapors iu the Louisville
coffin works burned four persons, two
fatally.
Fair Haven, Vt., October 1. —A rail
way collision here. Two persons were
killed. The engines and several freight
cars were completely demolished.
Boston, October 1. —The jury in the
Jefferson Borden mutiny case convic
ted Miller and Smith for murder, and
acquitted Glow.
Minor Telegrams.
Desmoines, October I.—The Presi
dential party have gone to Denver.
Norfolk, October I.—Put iu distress
here the brig Jas. Crosbj’, from New
York for Georgia. Her mainmast was
sprung.
Halifax, October I.—The first case
under the pew law authorizing the con
finement of Jipbitual drunkards, on
complaint of friends, is progressing.
The prosecutor is father-in-law of the
defendant. All are well to do citizens.
Atlanta, October I.—Colonel John M.
Calhoun, Mayor when Atlanta was en
tered by Sherman, and of whom the
demand for the surrender of the city
was made, is dead.
Brooklyn, October I.—Dr. Porteous
was buried to-day, His friends give
no credence to the story that he was
the victim of foul play.
FOREIGN DISPATCHES
Turkey Puts on War-Paint—Collision
Between Servians and Oi tomans Im
minent —Red Tape in a Flutter—Suc
cess of the Carlists—A Well-Dosed
Band of Hclavonians.
London, October I.—The Times’ spe
cial dispatch from Berlin states that
Turkey has informed the Powers that
the time may come when the Turks
will be obliged to repel Servian and
Montenegrin inroads. Roumanian re
serves are being gradually called in.
Affairs are regarded here as verging on
a collision. The Daily News telegram
from Vienna announces that consuls at
Mostar have been instructed by the
Powers to send the Porte a memorial
embodying the result 1 of their investiga
tions, with proposals for thorough re
form iu Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The Times Paris dispatch says special
information received there confirms the
impression that the Carlists gained
considerable success near San Sebastian
on Tuesday. L’Univers reports one
hundred Alfonsists killed and 1,000
wounded.
A special telegram to the Morning
Standard from Vienna says a baud of
500 Sclavonians, who invaded Bosnia,
have returned to their homes in south
ern Hungary and dispersed. .They were
decimated by fighting and disease.
Great Britain Bullies China—A Par
liamentary Election.
Shanghai, October I.—Mr. Wade,
British Minister, has intimated to the
Chinese Government that if his de
mands are not complied with by to-day
he will leave Pekin.
London, October 1. —The election for
a Member of Parliament at Blackburn,
to fill a vacancy caused by the death of
Henry M. Feilden, occurred yesterday.
The candidates were Wm. Coddingtou,
Mayor of Blackburn, and M. G. Thwaite,
a well known brewer, both Conserva
tives. Mr. Thwaite was^lected.
Server Pasha’s Instructions— Great
Britain Complains of Spain—Eccle
siastical Troubles in Germany—Bo
gus Telegrams from Turkey.
Constantinople, October I.—lnstruc
tions have been sent to Server Pasha
to receive reports of foreign consuls,
but not negotiate with them. A tele
gram from the Governor of Bosnia
says, in consequence of advantages re
cently gained over the insurgents, tele
graphic communication has been re
established between Navesingi *and
Gatchko.
London, October I.—The Globe says
the British naval commandant at Gib
raltar makes formal complaint to his
Government of aggressions by Spanish
guard coasters in British waters.
The Pall Mall Gazette’s Berlin special
says the Powers have agreed upon the
acceptableuess of proposals made by
Herzegovinian insurgents as a basis of
further negotiations.
The Bishop of Breslau has notified
the Ecclesiastical Court that he will not
attend, on the ground that the court
is not competent to try him. A Bres
lau paper says priests
have announced their submission to
ecclesiastical law.
Copenhagen, October I.—Count Moltke
Bregentuede, who was appointed Fur
eign Minister on the 11th of June last,
is dead.
London, October 1. —Revenue returns
show an increase of £995,000 for the
past half year.
The Morning Standard publishes a
special from Paris containing the fol
lowing: At a regular semi-monthly
meeting of the Permanent Committee
yesterday, the Marquis of Ploeuc called
attention to the sham telegrams about
the Herzegovinian insurrection, which
he said were manufactured in the in
terest of uuscrupglous stock jobbers.
M. Scherer thought they were concoct
ed at Belgrade and Constantinople as
well by sympathizers of either party.
The subject was referred to the Gov
ernment for investigation.
Another Fandango—Riot iu Stock
holm.
Madrid, October 1. —Martinez Cam
pos has left Barcelona to resume the
direction of operations in Catalonia.
London, October I.—The Fall Mall
Gazette contains a special from Copen
hagen stating that sanguinary riots
occurred at Stockholm between the
militia and police. The militia stormed
the police station, wounding a number.
Some of the militia were also wounded.
The life guards and horse guards were
summoned from the castle before or
der was restored. The cause of the
trouble is not stated.
Chatterinjr Over a French Speech—A
Turkish Pot-Pie.
Paris, October I.—Public attention
at present is much occupied with the
fact that the official journal has not
yet published the speech delivered by
the Minister of Finance at the banquet
on the 27th of September. It is stated
that M. Buffet prohibited the publica
tion of the speech on account of the
following sentence: “The eoalition of
the 24th of May is happily dissolved.”
M. Buffet thinks Ministers should ex
amine the matter in a special Cabinet
Council to be held to-day. Should the
speech not ultimately be published by
the official journal, M. Leon Say, the
Minister of Finance, is expected to re
sign.
Paris, October 1. —A Cabinet Councii
was heid to-day on the question of
Minister Say’s speech. After explana
tions the incident was settled; conse
quently there will be no ministerial
changes. The Journal Offieiel will pub
lish the speech to-morrow, together
with a letter from Mr. Say, explaining
the objectionable passage. The letter
was read in the Cabinet meeting anti
approved.
Vienna, October I.— Evening papers
publish telegrams, dated Ragusa to
day, stating that several sanguinary
engagements had taken place in Herze
govina between a body of 1,200 insur
gents and 4,000 Turks. The first was
fought ftn the 28th ult. near Ivlepavitza.
Two engagements followed on the 29th
and 30th near Praptrizza. The insur
gents lost 50 men, and estimate the
loss of the Turks at 500. On account
of their inferior numbers, the insur
gents were obliged to retreat.
Madrid, October I.—A royal decree
orders the organization of fourteen new
battalions of infantry.
Constantinople, October I.—Defini
tive arrangments Lave been concluded
between the Porte and Austria relative
to the junction of Turkish and Austrian
railway systems, fixing a period when
the necessary works shall be com
menced and terminated.
London, October 1.-The Times has a
special dispatch, dated Ragusa, Sep
tember 30, m., in which the correspon
dent says be has just returned from
Trebigne. No troops had passed for
five days. The roads are in the hands
of insurgents. Austrian official tele
grams state that Turkish troops were
repulsed near Kleck yesterday. Fight
ing was renewed to-day. The result is
unknown.
AUGUSTA, GA., SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2. 1875.
LETTER FKfM LINCOLN.
_
The Weather and: )the Crops—Health
of the County—C ■nvict Labor and Its
Abuses—Reform speeded.
[From Our Regui !r Correspondent.!
Goshen, Lincoln O h Ga., Sept. 28,1875.
I wrote you nix ‘it ten days since a
brief note, makiLp mention of the ex
ceeding dry weath \ and the difficulty
of persons getting jtieir grain grouud
on account of the ;ant of water in the
streams. Since the ' we have had some
rain, enough at tin ! time to do a great
deal of good, and £ ’em present indica
tions it is hardly pj risible we will suffer
in like manner ag -in this year. The
clouds have been'Rooking as if they
were ready all day b pour out water,
though we have ha | nothing more than
a misty rain. The past Summer has
been the dullest p : have had in this
section for some y jirs.
This exceeding ;y weather has not
only had the effect! 1 stopping the grist
mills or puttiug t em on half time,
and also of shorter, igvthe crops, but
has produced a grei t deal of sickness
throughout Lincoij county. Numer
ous cases of chills ;! id fever are found
in many sections, w iie not unfrequent
ly bilious fever sh ws itself. A phy
sician stated not kwg since that there
had been more “ olA'ashioned ” bilious
fever recently in LiScoln than in seve
ral years past. T* most sickly lo
calities are in the il ighborhood of the
Savannah river, tlowgii it extends ali
oyer the county, jrhere have, how
ever, been no deajis resulting from
these causes. *
I failed in my lasmo mention the re
cent death of Mrs.aLucindn Carleton,
an aged lady, who r 'sided in this coun
ty for years, leavin' several children
and many grand i tiidren. She died
quite suddenly of (3 hat was supposed
to be a congestive <•? ill. Mrs. C. had a
very aged negro \! nnan living with
her at the time of j j?r death, who had
been in the family f ; mauy years, and
who was said to be iver 100 years of
age, who has since iKied. She went by
the name or “ Old wmnt Sylvia,” and
was found lying unconscious on the
fl' >or by someone, life' ving been stricken
with paralysis. ■ .
The weather, thou [h unfortunate in
many respects, has >een very Hue for
picking cotton. Ttb > fields are “white
unto the harvest” v -lerever you look,
and as I wrote you! last, every availa
ble hand has been p ced in the cotton
patch. Many of tje children of the
farmers have been sli ipped from school,
and the schools at p esent writing pre
sent a thin appea inee of scholars.
Hands can get lift cents a hundred
and rations, or six! cents a hundred
and furnish themsel cs. Can you not
send us up a few hoice hands from
your thickly popul, ed city, many of
whose inhabitants t e out of employ
ment? Plenty of v irk to do iu the
country, and wanted to doit.
All the cotton has l> , opened yet, but
it is opening very : ipidly, and if we
have no very bad!' eather, it will be
picked out some!': aat earlier than
usual. As I wrote yb . some time since,
very good cotton cr<; :ts will be made in
some parts of the minty, especially
in the section aroiL 1 Goshen, but in
the lower sectious ! if the county the
crop has been cousin rably shortened,
and down there they will soon have all
their cotton picked , it. The prospect
for the future is veii) blue to some of
the farmers, on a<j >unt of this “cut
off” in the cotton, U; n which crop so
many depend for till ■ bread and meat.
Those who have w eat and oats in
their garners, and lenty of corn in
prospect to fill their irns, do not have
much fear of starvifi; ; though the cot
ton crop is short and he price low.
As fast as Uie cot) n is picked out
the planters get it gb led and {lacked,
in order to get it it > market, to pay
their guano and sup! y bills, and to lay
in some further supp ;>s.
We have working, Pur miles above
here, some of the pei „entiary convicts,
about forty iu nun: er. They are a
portion of the lot hir 1 from the State
by Mr. Grant, of G, nt & Alexander
fame. They have be aat work up to a
recent period, grading the Elbertou Air
Liue Railroad, which vill connect El
berton with the Rich ond and Atlanta
Air-Line at Toeooa Jity, but having
finished that part f the work, and
having run out of a job, they have
branched out into ti j country seeking
work, in order to cle; expenses. This
gang branched out p. this direction,
and have been clear ; g land, digging
ditches and picking < >tton for the far
mers in the upper pa of Lincoln. It
costs $1 per day p hand, they feed
ing themselves, and i; is said they do
as much work in one! veek as ordinary
hands will do in two. festerday thirty
six of them picked ov |r 6,000 pounds of
cotton. If this is tru !it is cheaper la
bor than the hire of t eedmeu. In this
lot there are five why ?s aid thirty-five
negroes—one of the f* jutes a Yankee.
As in all gangs of th! ] kind they have
“trusties,” so in this' fte there are sev
eral—one of whom is i ; negro sentenced
to imprisonment for lib. He, however,
expects by good behavior to be releas
ed some time soonjgi I am informed
that their treatment m several particu
lars is not what it sln *ld be. They are
quartered in a small jfpom, the exact
dimensions of which ft do not know,
but I am told far too Jjnall to be either
comfortable or health! for thirty-five
or forty human bcjgs to lodge in.
Their quarters are v<:- filthy—enough
to sicken any one. Afll in this room
are two of the white Jfmvicts, disabled
—one of them sick, ami the other se
verely injured by the filling of a tree,
and u :able to turn hj jjself over. There
they are with negroegland in filth, and
in a crowded room, ai|| if they recover
it will be almost aimjjkcle.
Added to this, they itiave not the op
portunity to wash tl ftiselves as often
as health requires, at’fe® { resent a dirty
personal appearancM I hear it ru
mored that they ardf{punished unne
cessarily, but of this; jUI have no direct
information. I havc'Lio doubt they
would excite the pity|rad sympathy of
any man of stnsibilit rl-who would visit
them. Ido not writ; ji from personal
observation, but got my information
from a gentleman oft: js neighborhood
who is truthful in all aspects, and his
statements can be relic lon. He visited
them this evening, an >• gave me these
particulars. If thing.- are as bad as
he represents them, a ~l I have no rea
son to doubt it, these [pnvicts ought to
be looked after by s: e proper State
official. Up to a rece | time, I was in
favor of the present ystern of hiring
out the convicts, but f 3 >m what I have
heard of this lot, tog ; her with infor
mation of others, I ti lk it won’t be
long before I am a o averted man to
the old Penitentiary s -stem. Men, al
though they are ec ivicts, are not
brutes, but human bei gs, and deserve
good treatment, and Le Government
should be strict to s \ that they are
treated humanely, i|fve good food,
cleanly quarters,' pleijfcy of water to
keep themselves clean i?md a physician
to attend them whener they are in any
way needed.
I mention these things to give infor
mation to the people, so that they may
know how the convicts are treated, and
will take occasion to say I think it
would do no great harm for a State of
ficial to make a visit and inspect this
gang. C.
Port Royal—Hilton Head.
[Washington (D. C ) Chronicle.]
Who has not heard of Port Royal?
Yet, how many of the people of this
country understand where it is and
what its surroundings? Port Royal is
one of the finest harbors along the At
lantic coast, and since the close of the
war, has been steadily gaining in im
portance. It is simply a deep indenta
tion of the general line of the coast, oc
curring below Charleston, and above
Savannah, but being rather nearer the
latter place. It has no large rivers
pouring their waters into it. In that
particular, it is similar to Brunswick,
in Georgia, Broad river is merely an
arm of the bay reaching off northwest
a short distance into South Carolina.
Beaufort river is only an inside chan
nel, through which, to the northeast,
Charleston can be reached by still
water, causing large islands to inter
vene between the ocean and the bay,
or port, thereby effectually protecting
the latter.
The island at the mouth of Port
Royal harbor is Hilton Head. Behind
tnis is a channel, affording still-water
intercourse with Savannah. At the
northeast end of this island and front
ing the harbor was the town of Hilton
Head, during the war, a purely military
station, the name of which became in
terchangeable with that of Port Royal.
These cognomens mean exactly the
same thing. From Hilton Head signal
station there was thrown forward
into the bay, until deep water was
reached, a long wharf of about 2,000
feet. At this, iu times of military activ
ity, would be found heavy draught
transports from New York, the Arago
and Fulton, and smaller steamers, and
other craft for coasting purposes,
while out in the bay, lying safely at
anchor, above the line of the Hunting
Islands was the huge frigate New
Hampshire, half a dozen wicked look
ing, low browed monitors, and per
chance a ship or two. Below the wharf,
along the beach, the surf soon begins to
break, and half a mile, or a mile down,
on the front of the island, the roar of
the advancing and receding ocean
waves is as regular as at Cape May;
and, iu spots, is as delightful
to drive upon.
Port Royal then, is a noble sheet of
salt water, with an excellent and well
defiued entrance, admitting vessels
drawing twenty-five or thirty feet,
almost completely protected, although
not land-locked, and having a fine, soft
bottom anchorage. Its value as a point
of distribution was so marked while the
war lasted, that it has been growing in
favor with the Government, and the
people as well, ever since. Hilton Head
has been abandoned, but another place
above, further away from the ocean,
"and nearer Beaufort, has been estab
lished. This is at the end of a railroad,
which connects with the interior net
work of roads at Augusta, Georgia, and
crosses at right angles the Charleston
and Savannah road, about half way be
tween the two cities.
Those who are interested in Port
Royal—who have firm faith in its
eventual development as the greatest
of Southern ports—expect to see it the
Atlantic terminus of the great trans
contineutai route from San Diego, Cal
ifornia, by way of Marshall, Texas,
Vicksburg and Jackson, Mississippi,
Montgomery, Alabama, and Atlanta
and Augusta, Georgia. Already a line
of weekly steamers from New York to
Fernaudiua makes Port Royal the
principal stopping point, and soon
semi-weekly trips will be made. A line
of first-class steamers to Europe is iu
contemplation. The United Stati s fleet
was ordered from Key West to this
port for the summer and be
cause of its healthfulness, strong
assurances are given that it will be se
lected as a naval station. Beaufort,
near by, has always been noted for the
salubrity of its climate, and conse
quently was the summer resort of
many of the old South Carolina fami
lies. " There is a dock at Port Royal of
half a mile in length, in immediate prox
imity to the shipping, and upon this are
cotton presses and warehouses, making
the handling of freight exceedingly easy.
During the past year the shipping at the
port numbered twelve hundred vessels
—ships, steamers, barges, etc. Of cot
ton, 30.000 bales have gone through; gu
ano, 5,000 tons ; phosphate rock, 55,000
tons; and lumber, 40,000,000 feet. Also,
many hundred tons of cotton ties, bag
ging, and other small freight. The
lumber trade is increasing rapidly. Two
first-class saw mills are running at
Port Royal, a number along the line of
the railroad, and a still larger one is
being erected near Beaufort, by wealthy
English capitalists. These will have
almost inexhaustible pine forests to
tap, and will ship millions of feet of
lumber annually to the North, the West
Indies and direct to Europe.
Any one who has lingered around
Hilton Head and Beaufort, and given a
little study to the topography of the
country, cannot fail to see that a dozen
or twenty active men, with plenty of
capital at command, can develop the
harbor of Port Royal into just what
they please. There is not a single ele
ment wanting, necessary to make it one
of the great seaports of the world.
And should it start ahead. Charleston
and Savannah must look to their
laurels.
Important Decision as to National
Banks.
Washington, October I.—The Comp
troller, some days ago, transmitted
letters from the First National Bank of
Florida and the Citizens’ National
Bank of Raleigh, N. C., to the Solicitor
of the Treasury, for his opinion as to
the right of a State to impose a license
tax upon the capital of National banks,
and also the rights of State officers to
examine National banks, or to require
reports of their affairs to be made to
them.
The Solicitor had given an elaborate
opinion that a license tax upon the
capital of a national bank cannot be
inforced, and that State officers have
no right either to examine or to exact
reports from national banks. He says
this entire legislation is at variance
with the law as adjudicated, and sub
versive and destructive of the princi
ples governing the relations of the
Federal and State governments.
A lady leaving one of the summer
resort hotels last week was charged
with an entire china toilet set, only one
piece of which she had broken. She
paid the bill, and, pleading the excuse
of having forgotten something, re
turned to the room and broke each and
every article of the set for which she
bad paid.—[New York Mail.
FALL RIVER.
How the Massachusetts Lords Neg
lect and Maltreat their Serfs —The
Way the Latter Live and What They
Live On.
[Fall River Letter, 25th, to the New York
Herald.]
Evidently the manufacturers here
have raised up a nest of hornets by
their new “ agreement,” or by what
may rather be called the new declara
tion of principles. It is not difficult to
deal with the operative when he is at
work and in good humor, but he is a
difficult being to drive when he is hard
up and hungry. For two or three years
past he has not been well treated in
Fall River. He has suffered from the
fluctuations of the markets, more so
than the employer, because, pro rata,
every reduction has fallen more heavi
ly upon him. His house rent and his
provisions cost him as much when he
earns $lO a week as when he can make
sl2. He must wear the same quality
of clothing, poor though it may be, in
bad or prosperous times. He has for
the most part a family averaging from
three to eight, so that at the best, as J
have previously shown, lie has but a
poor chance to save much even when
his wages reach sl2 or sl3 a week.
Life at the Corporation Tenements.
It occurred to me yesterday to call
upon some of these male and female
spinners, weavers and carders at their
tenements. I was desirous of ascer
taming how far the statements for aud
against their mode of life were true.
The manufacturers have prided them
selves on the assumption that the oper
atives were better off here than in other
mill districts; that the providing of
separate tenements for each family
tended to create a home feeling; that
while the crowding system at Lowell
has a tendency to lead young persons
to immorality, here the fact of a man
having his family in a house with the
boarders induced him to maintain a
certain respectability. They also claim
that under their system single women
could board and lodge for $3.50 per
week, young men for $5.50, with com
fortable families, cheaper and better
than they could possibly obtain else
where. But they do not say that young
men and young women live together in
tenements where there are no such re
straining influences as the respectable
heads of families exert, and herein they
are, to a certain extent, either deceived
or deceivers.
A Specimen.
I entered a tenement on Sixth-and-a
half street, belonging, I believe, to the
Troy Mills. There were six rooms in
the house, three on the first, three on
the second floor, so arranged that the
two rear rooms were as though origi
nally there had been but two rooms of
the same width as the front room. The
frame of the place was so cracked that
you could see through it in two places,
one in front and one on the left hand
side as you enter. As I entered, the
stench was sickening. The front room
was twelve feet by fourteen; the two
rear rooms slightly over half these di
mensions, as the staircase that led to
the second floor took off some three
feet of the lower front room.
The ceiling was but six feet from the
floor, and as dirty as the floor on which
I stood. There was a large stove in
the room, exceedingly rusty in some
parts and greasy iu others. No carpet
on the floor. A low, wooden kitchen
table was standing beneath the front
window, covered with dirty cups and
dishes and a few scraps of black bread.
On two chairs, at the side of the stair
case, stood a huge washtub, half filled
with linen. In the bedroom, by the
right, was a low, wooden settle-bed,
part of the bed clothes being draggled
on the bare floor. A piece of looking
glass, iu the shape of a triangle, was
standing on a black mantel piece. This
constituted the furniture of the apart
ment. In the bedroom, to the left, an
old oaken, square bedstead, about
three-quarter size, was the ouly luxury
observable. A stout-looking Irish wo
man sat in front of the uucleaned
breakfast table in the act of nursing a
well grown child. With her sat a young
woman. Three ragged little children
ran into the room to show the mother
some pieces of cake which had been
given to them by some kind neighbor.
“Oh, and it’s a poor place you’ve
come to,” said the woman, as she has
tily put the child into the iap of her
companion. “ The man is away now.
as you see. I have to live here as best
I can by washing. ’Tis a poor life, but
I manage to keep my four babies from
the overseers.”
At this she carefully divided the
pieces of cake to the dirty-faced boy
aud two girls, who had neither shoes
nor garments that even the Arabs ol
the Five Points would care to don.
“ What is your name?” I asked.
“Kitty Shannon,” said sh*?, after
some hesitation.
“ How much do you pay a month for
your, apartments?”
“We pay seven dollars.”
“Do you all sleep in those two
rooms ?”
“ Yes, certainly ; we have no other
place,” said she, as though I had im
agined she was luxurious enough to
expect anything better.
“ What can your husband earn a
month?”
“ When he is working he can earn
from thirty-five to thirty-eight dollars.”
“ What do you get now?”
“Faith, it is a difficult thing to say.
But for some kind creatures that help
us with food I think we’d often get
nothing. You see, when I take home
my washing I get little dishes for the
children.”
“I mean how much money do you
earn now,” I repeated.
“None at all since the mill stopped
except the few dollars I make by my
washing.”
“How then do you pay your rent?”
“With the money I make, of course.
If I didn’t pay I’d be put into the street
mighty quick.”
Seeing that I could the
financial condition, I said to her, “I
suppose you saved a little during good
times, eh ?”
“The devil a cent, sir, I assure
you. It took ali we made to live de
cently.”
“What do you think it costs for you
to live now?”
“It can’t cost more than $4 a week,
for that’s all I get, and have paid a
month’s rent out of this.”
Here was a case of a woman capable
of paying $7 a month and sustaining a
family of four in her husband’s absence
(who was looking for work elsewhere)
on an income of sl6.
Specimen No. 2.
I next went to the Union tenements
on Seventh and Eighth streets, and
some of the upper floors were simply
wretched. In many of these the stair
cases leading to the second story are
on the outside, and so made that a
small connecting gallery or lauding is
constructed to make the one staircase
do for two houses. Beneath this stair-
New Series —Vol. 28, No. 60
case of the house I entered was a pile
of putrid garbage. A dark-visaged
woman, with thick matted hair, resem
bling an Indian, stopped me on the
landing and demanded to know my
business.
“You’ll find my mon there,” said
she, pointing to a dirty pine door.
The man, a queer looking, dark
haired individual, was sitting on the
floor with a boot on his knees, which
he was endeavoring to mend with all
the science of a Crispin.
“I have called to see if you are ready
to go to work on Monday,” I said, as I
put a small notebook into my pocket.
At this he rose and said, with all the
keenness of Silas Wegg :
“I suppose you’ve no objecshuns to
rny seeins the docimunt?” His dialect
was more pleasant than his general
manner, for he scowled threateningly
as I closed my coat.
“Noa ! if I can see un I’ll never sign
un, that’s sure.”
I explained that I had no document;
but had merely called to ask the ques
tion. He then sat down again and took
a grim looking cat on his knees, which
he patted gently as he inquired suspi
ciously :
“Wudyer goto work onder sooch
condishuns ? ’
I told him I could not well make up
my mind about that; “but how are you
living now?” I inquired.
“Livin’? Me an’ the ole woman live
on oor leetle cosh in the savins bank,
but ave oonly S3O left, and when that’s
gone we mun go and beg. Ave never
doone a wrong in my loife. When they
get Ben Wilkins to creenge an’ bow for
a livin’ it’ll be on the hoighvvay and
not in a mill. But ae tell yer what ae
wud do; ae’d loike to poet a few o’
them dommed buildin’s to the torch,”
and he pointed significantly in the
direction of the City Hail. “Four an’
twenty years ago ae left Burnley, in
Englaud, an’ coome to this country. Ave
worked with me hands ever since (and
he held up his long, sinewy fingers.) Am
fifty year old, an’ ave brought oop a fam
ily. Noo am worse off than many a
convict who has been twenty years in
prison. If they’ll let me earn $lO a
week I’ll go to work; if they doan’t
Ben’ll beg his bread, that’s what he’ll
do;” and as he said this he slapped the
cat violently on the back, much to the
terror of the animal. As Mrs. Ben now
made her appearance, I did not feel
like pursuing the question further, and
so we talked of the weather and the
price of butchers’ meat until I saw a
favorable opportunity to withdraw.
I might give a dozen other instances;
of the young people who are improvi
dent and who huddle together five or
six in a tenement; of the aged who
cannot keep themselves clean; of the
disgusting sanitary arrangements, of
the harshness of the overseers of the
poor, who dispense only with grunts.
But I think I have shown sufficient to
convince any reasonable mind that as a
rule the operatives here work hard,
live extremely plain, are orderly and
economical as far as they can be, and
that the claims of the corporations now
made are only additional abuses heap
ed upon an industrious and useful class
of citizens.
CAlili SCHUIIZ.
A German Opinion of Him.
[Cincinnati Volksfreund.]
“Carl Schurz did not deliver a speech
last night; he read a long essay on the
evils of inflation, that is to say, an un
bounded, senseless increase of the cur
rency. The Democratic party is not in
favor of such an increase, but Mr.
Schurz needed a theme to do a service
for his patrons and admirers, the mo
nopolists, so he raised a man of straw
that he might quietly knock it down.
If we say that Mr. Schurz did not ad
duce a single new thing, and when we
add that anybody could compile and
read an essay such as Mr. Schurz read
from a number of articles which have
lately appeared in papers in the pay of
the National banks, this is in every re
peat true.
“Schurz asserts that he has not gone
over to tiie Republicans, although he
advocates the defeat of Allen. This is
so thin that any simpleton can see
through it. ‘He that is not for Me is
against Me.’ Whoever is not lu favor
of the Democrats is against them, and
consequently on the side of the Repub
licans. There are only two candidates
in the field; Allen, the Democrat, and
Hayes, the Republican. Whoever votes
for Allen is consided by all a Democrat,
and vice versa. The election of Allen
is a triumph of the Democratic party;
the election of Hayes a triumph of the
Republican party. Schurz can not vote
for Hayes because he has no vote in
Ohio, but at heart in reality he is a Re
publican, for if he had a -vote here he
would cast it for Hayes. He may turn
and twist as he will, he is working now
in the interest of the Puritanic, tem
perance, and mucker party; the same
party which gave us the crusade pesti
lence; the same party which presented
us with the accursed Adair law; the
same party which stubbornly refused
to modify in any manner the stringent
temperance laws—in short, the party
which represents narrow-mindedness,
bigotry, and coercive rule.
“And Schurz presto address him
self specially to the Democrats. This
alone was wanting. He comes to Ohio
for the purpose of attempring to wring
the neck of the Democratic party, and
he asks that the Democrats shall listen
to him before he begins the work of
execution. But the Democrats decline
with thanks. Like the Democrats of
Missouri, who had no votes for him
when he wished to return to the Sen
ate, the Ohio Democrats have no ears
for him who has come to assist the
corrupt Republican party in regaining
its legs. Schurz has been weighed and
found wanting. He has outlived his
fame.”
FROM NEW YORK.
Still Harping on the Faraday—The
Bank of California Paying Up.
New York, October I.— The Faraday
leaves London Wednesday upon direct
cable business.
Messers, Laidlaw & Cos., agents of
the Bank of California, in this city,
state they will pay all outstanding
drafts of that bank on and after Satur
day the 2d inst.
FALL RIVER.
Matters Getting Better,
Fall River, October I.—Twenty-eight
mills were visited this morning and
show a large increase of hands. Hands
are arriving from other States to early
application on the part of many. The
difficulty is now virtually ended. Mili
tary and police are still on duty, bqt no
disturbances are reported,
■—■
A dispatch from Simlah, dated yes
terday, says the Ameer of Afghanistan,
is sending troops to coerce his feuda
tory, t he Emir of Malmund, who of
late has been refractory,
To Advertisers and Subscribers.
On and after this date (April 21, 1875,) all
editions of the Constitutionalist will be sent
free of postage.
Advertisements must be paid for when han
ded in, unless otherwise stipulated.
Announcing or suggesting Candidates for
office, 20 cents per line each insertion.
Money may be remitted at our risk by Express
or Postal Order.
Correspondence invited from all sources,
and valuable special news paid for if used.
Rejected Communications will not be re
turned, and no notice taken of anonymous
letters, or articles written on both sides.
RACE-DISTINCTIOm.
How the Man and Brother Fares in
Radical Philadelphia.
{Philadelphia Times.l
At the funeral of Henry Jones, the
well known colored caterer of this city,
who died the other day, a very unus
ual and painful scene was presented to
the attendant friends and to the be
reaved family. It had been arranged
that the body should be laid in the
ground in a lot which had been pur
chased by Mrs. Jones in May last from
an agent of the Mount Moriah Ceme
tery Association. All the frfends were
gathered at the house of mourning,
and the funeral was about to proceed
to the grave yard, when the following
note was handed to a member of the
family:
Mount Moriah Cemetery, j
% September 27, 1875. )
Mrs. Elizabeth Jones:
Madam: I am in receipt of a note from
you requesting a grave to be dug in lot
No. 48, E%, Section 56, in Mount Mo
riah Cemetery. lam unable to comply
with your request, because the lot in
question is registered as belonging to
William H. Boileau, and the rules of
the cemetery require me to act only
under the order of the registered owner.
Very respectfully yours, &c.,
H. P. Connell,
Superintendent.
The letter is endorsed on its back as
follows:
Philadelphia, Sept. 27, 1875.
Lear Sir: Please to Let the Bearer
Bury in the within Lot.
W. H. Boileau.
After the receipt of this startliug let
ter and the obtaining of the required
endorsement, and the mourners were
all seated in their carriages ready to
be taken to the grave, a messenger,
and some say messengers, purporting
to come from the cemetery authorities,
passing along the funeral cortege and
told the occupauts of the carriages
that the body could not be interred in
Mount Moriah Cemetery. A messenger
was immediately dispatched by the
family to the cemetery with the deeds
of the lot and the above order of Boi
leau, the registered owner, but he was
informed by the officer in charge that
objection having been made by some of
the lot holders to the interment of
colored persons in the cemetery, he
was instructed by the managers not to
allow the bodies of such to be brought
within the grounds. This flat denial
caused a divergence of the funeral pro
cession to Lebanon Cemetery, where
the body was temporarily placed in the
receiving vault.
A Times reporter sought and found
Mr. Horatioj Connell, the Superinten
dent of the Mount Moriah Cemetery,
at his farm house “down the road,”
near Darby, last night. His statement,
in answer to questions, is substantially
this, viz: The lot in question belonged
to Boileau, who is aspeculator in burial
lots. He sold it to Mrs. Jones. At 8
p. m. on last Friday I received a note
from that lady asdiug me to have a
grave dug. As she did not own the lot
I declined to accede to her request, but
I notified the President of the cemetery
association, and visited his homo on
Sunday. He was away at Wilmington,
however, and I consequently missed
meeting him. I saw him on Monday
morning, and he then instructed me to
refuse the corpse admission. I simply
act uuder the orders of Mr. Smyth.
The Board of,Managers having control
of the cemetery instructed me by a
vote to refuse to receive Jones’ body.
lam not aware of any of the renre
sentations made by Boileau when he
sold the lot. I will honestly admit
that there is a very strong prejudice
on the part of the lot owners against
the granting of permission of burial to
colored persons. I do not care to ex
press my private feelings on the sub
ject.” The statement of Mrs. Jones
through her counsel. Wm. H. Browne,
Esq., is that she bought the lot from
Boileau in May last, but that the mu
niment of title is defective in not show
ing the approval of the company to the
transfer by the signature of the secre
tary or its registry ; that Mrs. Jones’
sister’s body was permitted to be
buried there and is still there; that her
husband, shortly previous to his death,
improved the lot in question by put
ting a rail around it and erecting mar
ble posts with his name on them.
Pennsylvania Politics—Letter from
Judge Pershing.
Judge Pershing’s letter accepting
the Democratic nomination fos Gov
ernor of Pennsylvania has been made
public. Concering the financial ques
tion he sajs:
“New issues are presented to the
consideration of the people. The ques
tion of the currency is attracting the
attention of thoughtful men of all par
ties. Its final settlement rests with
Congress and the President. The legal
tender issue has beeopie incorporated
into the business of the country, and
its constitutionality has been ’ af
firmed by the Supreme Court of
the United States. I am opposed
to inflation in its true sense, and
inflation is not demanded by the
Erie platform. That platform opposes
any further contraction of the currency
at this time of financial distress, when
our workshops, mills, and many facto
ries are closed and thousands of men
willing to work are out of employment,
lo expand the volume of the currencv
when the people are incurring debts,
and to rapidly oontract it when the
time for payment has come, will prove
ruinous to every business enterprise
“The attempt to force the country to
resumption of specie payments under
the provisions or the act passed by
the last Congress will only intensify
the distress which now everywhere
prevails. We must cease exporting
gold to pay interest on our indebted
ness abroad before specie payments
can safely be resumed. I favor such a
volume of currency as the legitimate
demands of business and the revival of
the industries of the country may re
quire. Experience will best determine
this, and it is to be hoped that an ade
quate standard or test for regulating
the amount of currency may be estab
lished by our representatives in Con
gress. I adhere to the doctrine always
held by the Democratic party, that gold
and silver constitute the true basis for
bank note circulation.
“The question as to this is not the
same as that of a paper currency, that
is itself made by the sovereign power
a legal tender, and therefore is money.
He concludes by saying : ‘The nomi
nation has come to me unsought. It
found me busily engaged in the dis
charge of my judicial duties. Ido not
propose to tender my resignation to
the Governor and solicit votes from
the stump. I will leave to the people
the decision of the contest, believing
that He who rules over the destinies of
States will guide to that conclusion
which in the end will be for the best,’ ’*