Newspaper Page Text
(Times avfo Seniinel.
~ COLUMBIA, GEORGIA.
TUESDAY MORNING. AUGUST 2, 1853.
FOR GOVERNOR:
HERSCHEL V. JOHNSON,
OF BALDWIN.
FOR CONGRESS:
Ist. DISTRICT JAMES L. SEWARD.
Hd. DISTRICT A. 11. COLQUITT.
Illd. DISTRICT DAVID J. HAILEY*
lVth. DISTRICT W. H. W. DENT.
Vth. DISTRICT E. W. CHASTAIN.
Railroad Meeting in Col umbos—#lso,ooo Sub
scription to the Girard Road.
We hare barely time to announce, that at a public
meeting held in this city on Saturday evening, 30th
ult., it was very unanimously resolved that the City of
Columbus subscribe one hundred and fifty thousand
dollars to the Girard Railroad, in addition to the sub
scription heretofore made by the City Council. This
subscription will insure the early completion of the Road
to Union Springs, a distance of 52 miles. We hope the
City Council will lose no time in issuing the bonds.
There were but three votes in the negative. We are
sure that there is but one voice in the city on this sub
ject, and that is in favor of the subscription. In our
next issue we will give a full account of the meeting.
The Hall in Motion—First Democratic Rally—
Hon. Walter T. Colquitt.
Upon a notice of only a few hours the Democracy of
this city assembled in considerable numbers in Tem
perance Hall, on Wednesday (July 27) last, to hear an
extempore address from Hon. Walter T. Colquitt,
upon the principles involved in the present canvass.
We were among “the hoys,” and although a quiet man
in general, we could not keep our feet still, nor restrain
our mirthfulncss within the hounds of decorum. In
spite of ourselves our feet would thump the floor 5 and
we could not help from joining in the chorus of loud
ha-has, which very frequently rung through the Hall.
It was a good time ; and every body went home satis
fied with the speaker, satisfied with themselves, satis
fied witli our candidates, and more than ever impressed
with the truth and value of our political principles.
We are very happy to state that Mr. Colquitt’s health
has much improved, and that he will, if he continues
to grow better, mingle freely with the people during the
present canvass, and bear aloft the Democratic banner,
now so proudly waving in triumph over this broad
Union. We hope he will do so, as we are sure it is
only necessary for the people to hear him to be con
vinced of the insincerity and utter worthlessness of the
attempt now being made by Messrs. Toombs and Jen
kins to reconstruct a Southern Party out of the broken
fragments of the once triumphant but now shattered and
dishonored Union Whig organization.
It is impossible for us to give even a synopsis of Mr.
Colquitt’s address. lie made one or two points, how
ever, which we will present to our readers.
He made a short review of the political history of
Georgia for the last ten years, by which lie very forcibly
demonstrated that the leaders of the new party had
proven themselves incompetent to perceive Hie true
policy of the country or lacking in honesty to pursue
it; in that they had earnestly advocated a Bank of the
U. S., a Protective Tariff, and Internal Improvement
by the* Federal Government, as absolutely essential to
the well being of the country, and now abandoned them
as obsolete and hurtful projects.
We are satisfied that there is very great truth in this
charge, and that it is not sufficiently insisted upon by
the Democratic Press. These were once made para
mount issues before the American people; they were
discussed for ten years ; statesmen of large pretensions,
if not of considerable merit, staked their statesmanship
upon them ; and honest men actually believed, under
whig teaching, that the prosperity, nay, *lhe very exis
tence of the country was staked upon them. Yet, a
few years of Democratic ascendency has completely
demonstrated that this teaching was utterly fallacious,
and they have been publicly repudiated by the Whig
Party in convention assembled. Arc the apostles of
these acknowledged heresies again to be trusted with
the reins of Government ? The signs of apostleship do
not follow them. They taught error and acknowledge
that they so taught. What evidence can they give us
that they are right now ? They deceived the people
once; that was their fault. If they deceive us again
it will be our fault.
Upon the charge so often repeated by the Whig press
of free soil appointments by Gen. Pierce, Mr. 0. took
the high ground that no Democrat had been appointed to
office by the President who has gone half as far as
Webster in the advocacy of free soilism. Even Dix,
the bug-bear of the Whigs, had not only conceded that
the North had no right to interfere with slavery in the
States, Lut boldly contended that the South was enti
tled to protection .from the Federal Government in her
property in slaves. Furthermore, he stated that Dix
was an advocate of the annexation of Florida, Louisiana
and Texas to the Union though slavery was recognized
in them, and only contended for the application of the ‘
Wilmot Proviso to the Mexican Territory, because it
was already Free Territory by the laws of Mexico, lie
moreover advocated the compromise measures ; and is
entitled to the forgiveness of the whigs for his free soil
ism much more than Daniel Webster, Mr. Jenkins’
nominee lor President, who had no other claim to south
ern support; and was known besides to have opposed
the admission of Texas into the Union solely upon the
ground that slavery existed there.
The exposure of this hypocrisy of the Whigs in de
nouncing Dix for his free soilism and praising and ac
tually voting for Webster, who was a better free soiler,
by the eloquent speaker, was utterly overwhelming and
we are sure no Whig who heard him will ever again
mention the name of Dix unless he has a face ol brass.
Mr. Colquitt very feelingly alluded to his son, Mr
Alfred 11. Colquitt, the gallant nominee of the party
for Congress in this District, and while he acknowl
edged his indebtedness and gratitude to his friends for
the high honor they had conferred upon one so near to
him, he pledged his own ardent republicanism and long
public services for his fidelity to his country and his
devotion to the principles of Democracy, both of which
he had taught him to revere, and took occasion to re
pel with some asperity the attempt to strip from his
brow the green laurels he had won on the bloody field
of Buena Vista, by the Columbus Knquiver.
He stated that A. IT. Colquitt claimed no merit fol
ios military services—he had but done his duty-but
that lie was aid to Gen. Taylor at Buena Vista, and
was equally exposed with the old hero during the two
days of the battle. He also stated that as Paymaster he
had paid out more money than any other officer of the
army, and, what was mote, had accounted for every dol
lar with the Government, and never was accused, as
some other people had of using the public money.
Mr. Colquitt closed with a splendid eulogy upon the
character and administration of President Pierce, and
urged upon his audience the duty of giving him a firm
and unwavering support at the South, as lie had so
faithlully stood up to our rights both in Congress and
as President, amid long and loud applause from his de
lighted auditory.
Now that the ball is in motion, we hope it will be
kept rolling. The victory is in our grasp if we will but
resolve to win it. \\ e occupy an impregnable posi
tion. Ihe party is in the ascendant in almost every
btate iif the Union. The principles announced in the
Inaugural have extorted praise even from our enemies.
The country knows that the only hope of the Uniou aud
of the South, is in Uteir triumph in Federal Councils,
and that the Democracy is the only National Party in
the country which has wisdom enough to appreciate
them or honesty enough to adhere to them, “Up,
Guards, and at them.”
Rail Road Accident.
As the ears were nearing Howard on the Muscogee
Railroad on Thursday last, they accidentally ran over a
cow and the baggage car was thrown off the track. The
engine, tender aud passenger ears were not jostled.
No one was injured. The baggage car was upset and
badly damaged. No fault attaches to the engine dri
ver, as the accident was unavoidable and was occasion
ed by the cow’s jumping across the track unexpectedly.
The World’s Fair.
Gov. Collier has appointed Charles A. Peabody,
Esq., a commissioner for Alabama to the World’s Fair.
The Consistency of Whig opposition to Pierce’s
Administration.
In the last Journal tj- Messenger , we find the fol
lowing jKtragraph :
“The only issue which the Union party of Georgia
makes with the Administration, is upon the policy of
its appointments of Free Boilers and Abolitionists to of
fices of honor, of profit and of trust.”
The issue is a good one if it could be established.
The South can give its confidence to no Administra
tion which warms these reptiles in its bosom. We
have recently exposed the falsity of the charge in our
columns, aud do not propose to recur to the subject
now. We have another purpose in view in this article.
It is to expose the hypocrisy of the Conservative
Whigs who make the charge: to draw them from be
hind the sheep’s skins which cover their deformities ;
to show to the public that they not only sustained a
party whose chief made Free Soil and Abolition ap
pointments, but actually voted for men for the highest
office in the gift of the people, who proclaimed from
every house top that they were themselves Free Soilers ;
and co operated with a party until it was defeated ,
which, according to the oft-repeated declarations of its
chiefs, was the original author of Freesoilism; and
from which the Barnburners of New York stole this
odious sentiment.
We know what we say, and pledge ourselves to es
tablish our position. Nor will we quote some mise
rable party sheet or party man; we will prove our as
sertions by the great leader of the Whig party; the
candidate of the Journal &’ Mrsscngcr for President.
Let then Daniel Webster take the stand. What say
you, Mr. Webster? We rest our case upon his tes
timony. In a speech delivered by him in 1848, he
uses this remarkable language :
“A party has arisen among us, calling itself the Free
Soil party. The assumption of such a name by this party
reminds ine of a joke made by Swift, or some other hu
morist, on a person who had made not a very tasteful use
of a Latin phrase—
Dnlce et nutale solum.
Fine words: I wonder when* he stole ’em.
“Really the exclusive appropriation of the name of
Free Boil by this party, was a very hold proceeding.—
They have certainly stolen the. sentiment from the
Whigs; it was a clear case of petit larceny. Are these
men better lovers of liberty than we are? No! We are
as good liberty men and anti-slavery nu n as they profess
to be themselves.
“But what is the history of this so called Free Soil par
ty? Why, just this. Some years ago a schism broke
out in the Democratic party of New York. This widen
ed by degrees, and at length Mr. Van Buren put himself
at the head of the smaller portion. When Silas Wright
was nominated a second time for Governor of New York,
the two parties had become very hostile to each other,
and assumed the rival names of Hunkers and Barnbur*-
ners, which appellation they continue to bear to this day.
It appears therefrom, that the schism in the Democratic
party is of rather long standing. There was an actual
outbreak years ago among them, and all this before any
other question of Free Soil rose in that quarter, and be
fore the Wilmot Proviso or any opjmsition to slavery as a
party principle. Down to the period of the annexation of
Texas, all the Democratic party followed the party d<*e.
trines, ami went for the annexation, slavery extension
and all. The opposition to ibis measure proceeded in
the first instance solely from the Whigs. I say, the
Whigs alone, for it is notorious that nobody else, either
in the East, West, North or South, raised a linger against
it. If such an effort was made, it was so inconsiderable
that it attracted no notice till, by the efforts of the Whigs,
the people were roused to a sense of their danger, and a
ferling of opposition to the extension of slave power.—
Then , and not till then, the Barnburners seized upon
this branch of Whig doctrine and attached it to their poli
cy, merely to give them a certain predominancy over their
rivals.
“Originally, therefore, the Barnburners had no more to
do with the doctrine of Free Soil than with the question
of masonry or anti-uiasonrs. They only adopted it to
secure an ml vantage over the Hunkers. But, having
appropriated this just sentiment, though, still retaining
all the rest of the thirty ‘••nine articles of the Ixx'ofoco
ereed, they now call ujmn the Whigs of Massachusetts
to enlist under them !—I had almost said to be subsidized
by them, only to give them the ascendency in New York
politics! For one, 1 propose to do no such thing. 1 do
not like the service.
“1 repeat, that this Buffalo platform, this collect of tin*
Barburners, contains no new thing that is good ; it has
nothing new which the Whigs of the Middle, and Nor
thern States might not adopt. But is going too far for
that party to ask the Whigs of Massachusetts to carry
that matter into their State election.”
“We well know,gentlemen, that the Buffalo platform
contains nothing in relation to this matter which does
not meet the approbation , and the unqualified appro
bation, of the Whigs of the Northern States.''’
Here is the proof; it is ir refragible; it is from the mouth
of the candidate of the Editor of the Journal <f- Messen
ger. He says the sentiment of Free Soil was “certainly
stolen from the Whigs;”that “no body East,West, North
or South, raised a finger against the extension of the slave
power, till by the efforts of the Whigs, the people were
roused to a sense of their danger, and a feeling of op
position to the extension of slavery that the Barn- |
burners then, but not till then , “seized upon this branch
of Whig doctrine and attached it to their policy, mere
ly to give them a certain predominancy over their ri
vals.” According to Mr. Webster, the Barnburners
never were Free Boilers ; they only pretended to be in
order to achieve a party triumph, by gulling the Whigs
into their support. Furthermore, it is proven by Mr.
Webster, that the Buffalo or Abolition Platform, “con
tains nothing in relation to this matter, (slavery.) which
does not meet the approbation, and the unqualified ap
probation of the Whigs of the Northern States.”
With this rotten Abolition Whig party, the Jour
nal if- Messenger continued to act until lasl year, and
then deserted it to aid in the election of this same Free
Soiler, Daniel Webster, to the Presidency. Now Mr.
Webster says, the Northern Whig party was a Free
Soil party —therefore, all Northern Whigs were Free
soilers, and consequently every officer from the North ap
pointed to office during Mr. Fillmore’s term.of 4 years
was a Free Soiler. Y et, the Journal ts- Messenger gave
his Administration a cordial support, and never found out
that there was danger to the South in these appoint
ments until Mr. Pierce by accident, or mistake, or in
advertence, appointed some of the Barnburners to little
local offic. s. Nor is tlu* Journal Jf- Messenger alone
in this inconsistency. Mr. Jenkins, the paragon can
didate of the Conservative Whig party for Governor of
Georgia, allowed his name to be run on the ticket with
Webster for President, and Vice President; and
thus gives the highest evidence that he had no appre
hensions from a Free Soiler, even though he were Presi
dent of the United States.
VVc tiler* fore arraign the Conservative Whig party
of Georgia before the country as insincere and hypo
critical in its new born zeal for the South, and charge it
with giving a cordial support to a Free Soil Adminis
tration as long as it was in power, and of then trying to
elect another in the person of Daniel Webster.
Wo furthermore charge it with insincerity and hypoc
risy in its factious opposition to President Piero: and
his Administration—a man who stood beside Jons C.
Calhoun in his brave defense of Southern Rights—who
has surrounded himself with the chivalry of the South,
and conferred almost every important office in his gift
upon Southern men.
We therefore call upon every Southern patriot to
rally around his Administration ; to sustain the nominees
ol his party for State offices, and thus show to the
world that we can appreciate our friends and discover
the tricks of our enemies.
Second Congressional District in Alabama.
Much interest is felt on this sale of the river in
the contest in the adjoining District in Alabama. Capt.
Abercrombie's friends tremble in their shoes in view
of the prospect before them ; while Mr. Ci.opton’s
friends arc buoyant with hope of success The result
of the election is very doubtful. We think llie follow
ing estimate is not far from the truth :
Abercrombie’s Majorities. Clopton's .Majorities.
Russel, 250 Barbour, 350
Henry, 150 Macon, 100
Covington, 100 Montgomery, 50
Coffee, 50 Pike, 100
Dale, 50
550 650
Abercrombie may get 300 in Russel and 1 50 in Cov
ington. He can hardly increase the vote we give him
in Henry and Coffee.
Clopton may carry Barbour by 400, Pike by 150,
and Dale by 100, and may lose Montgomery and Macon.
It will thus be seen that the election is a very close
one, and that success will depend upon the exertions of
the friends of the candidates on the day of election.
We hope our friends in the District will send us the
returns of the election as early as possible.
major’s Flection.
Captain A. C. Kivlin was on Saturday, 23rd inst.,
elected Major of the First Battalion, 66th Regiment,
Georgia Militia.
‘•The Rights of the States”—‘‘Secession”—
“Disunion.”
When these charmed words, so full of hope to the
Republican, so full of terror to the* Conservative,
fell from the mouth of attorney General Cushing,
at Wilmington, Del., we expected to hear a howl
of indignation from one end of the Union to the
other. We have been very agreeably surprised
at the profound silence of the Whig press in refe
rence to the occurrence. We hope it is a sign that
the public mind has revived from the terror inspir
ed by their too frequent denunciation by corrupt,
ignorant or timid politicians; and that it is begin
ning to be understood that State interposition, instead
of being a destructive and revolutionary principle, is
the surest and only safe bond of Union. The great
and unfortunate misapprehension which has so long
prevailed upon this subject has resulted from a total
misapprehension of the cardinal principles of American
freedom. Our governments are built upon the doctrine
that man is capable of self government, and necessarily
renounce all reliance upon force as the ordinary agent
of power. They therefore risk their success upon the
blowings and benefits they confer, and not upon the bayo
nets they can bring to back their authority. Hence
we have no soldiers except upon the frontiers; and they
are there only to defend the country from the aggres
sions of foreign foes.
And if we hold our lights independently of force, much
more is our Union the* result of consent. The inde
pendent and sovereign states now composing this proud
confederacy, voluntarily entered into a compact to form
a Federation, and delegated the exercise of certain
powers to an agent for their mutual benefit; and limi
ted and restricted its rights and powers by an instru
ment of writing, called the Constitution. No pow
er was conferred upon this agent to call the States to
its tribunals; no power was conferred upon it to enforce
them into submission to its decrees. Sovereignty was
reserved to the States. “This is, in truth, the original
cardinal spirit of the Constitution of the United States.”
It interposes between the individual and the Federal
power, the shield of State authority ; and by this barrier
to tyranny insures the liberty of the citizen, and mode
ration and equity in the administration of the Govern
ment, by which its blessings will be universally diffused,
like the dews of heaven, and every heart united in
striving for its perpetuity.
We arc very happy to have it in our power to forti
fy this opinion by the authority of the great name of
Ciianning, perhaps the ablest, certainly one of the ablest
Divines who has ever adorned the American pulpit. In
a sermon delivered at the annual election, May 26, 1830,
he uses the following remarkable language:
“Our Union is not like that of other nations, confirm
ed by the habits of ages, and riveted by force. It
is a recent, and still more, a voluntary Uniou. It is idle .
to talk of force as binding us together. Nothing
can retain a member of this confederacy, when resolv
ed on separation. The only bonds that can permanent
ly unite us, arc* moral ones. That there are repulsive I
powers, prineiph-'s ol disc rd. in these States, we all j
feel. Tin* attraction which is to counteract them, is only j
to be found in a calm wisdom, controlling the passions, j
in a spirit of equity and regard to the common weal, J
and in virtuous patriotism, clinging to the Union as the j
only pledge of freedom and peace.’*
Then* is so just an appreciation of the cardinal prin
ciples of American freedom in this paragraph, that we j
may be pardoned if we wonder how it came to see the !
cold Federal atmosphere of New England.
We now refer our s rt*nders to Mr. Cushing’s speech.
It is worthy of Jefferson or Calhoun, and gives the j
amplest assurance that the* present Administration is in
the.old Republican track, and that tlu* Resolutions of
*9B and ’39, laulv incorporated into the Democratic
platform, are living realities.
SPEECH of MU. cuts 111 NO AT WJLMIMGTmN, DELAWARE.
Hon. Caleb Cushing was next introduced to the eiti*
zcits, and spoke as follows :
Fef low-citizens, I yield to your request that I •should I
now address you, with the less reluctance, for the reason j
that this State of Delaware, with one other of the States of I
the Union—viz.: Rhode Island—affords the most perfect \
and admirable illustration of the most beautiful feature in
the constitution of the United Slates, upon which the in- j
tegriiy, nay upon which, in my judgment, the salvation j
and existence of the Union depend.
Gentlemen, those who framed the constitution of gov- j
eminent under which we live, were wise, good men. !
They were the demi-gods of our country’s heroic age. !
They assembled amid burning towns, the roar of the can
non of invading enemies—they, a feeble people, not even
yet in the gristle of manhood, to arm themselves against
the greatest and most powerful of-life governments of
Christendom ; and then and there, in the presence of dan
ger, under all apparent discouragement, that prophetic
vision of the future that seemed rather an inspiration from
j Heaven than the suggestion of a human heart—l say
then and there to found this mighty fabric of the United
States, they assembled, thirteen independent colonies, and
by the blessing of God, pronounced the declaration of
separation from England—each independent not only of
Great Britain, but of each other.
These thirteen independent States convened, not in a
legislative body, but in a congress of the diplomatic repre
sentatives of sovereign States, to hind their separate pow
er and strength to fight that great war of independence
to a successful issue They did so, each continuing an
independent State, allied, confederated, not merged into !
one central government, hut confederated and represent
ed by their agents in that confederation. We look around
upon the Spanish American republics, upon Mexico and j
the rest, with wonder that their history is but a history of |
civil war : that in all but a generation of liberty they seem
to have discovered nothing hut how to perpetuate disor- ;
dor ; that they live, as it were, in a chronic distemper of j
revolution, that their governments are hut a constituted !
anarchy : and that every year, as it revolves, brings
around anew military insurrection and anew prouuncia- j
■mento to add to the long r. II of f.u-tion and civil carnage.
We wonder at this, mid wc cannot fail to wonder at
tin* marvellous contrast presented in the spectacle of our
own peace,our own order, our own steadily advancing
power and prosperity, our own universally diffused liber
ty, our own possession of that spirit of manhood incarnate
in the breast of every citizen, in virtue and by impulsion of
which our institutions wo k by their own inherent energy
—by the virtue ami patriotism of men, not by the wisdom
or the skill of government. N<*. gentlemen, that govern
ment which represents your greatness, which is the agent
of your power, has been enabled, through long years of
prosperity, to conduct this country from triumph to tri
umph, mounting as it were, day after day, towards those
imperial heights of greatness which we are destined to at
tain.
I say that government has done it first, because it is
hut the imbodiment of your own spontaneous, self-acting
wills; and, secondly, to go back to tiiu idea 1 desire to
1 present to you, booaus* of that wise provision of the fra
mers ol live constitution which gave to the thirteen States
co-equal representation in the Senate of the United States.
That, gentlemen—that much abused and misunderstood
doctiinc of the rights of the States; that glorious, grand,
and sublime conception of the co-equal rights of the States,
one in the presence of the other, which to-day is called
secession, and tomorrow disunion, by whatever name of
reproach a wise man may see lit to slander it, that which j
is in truth the original cardinal spirit of the constitution of
tin* United States.
If gentlemen will go back once more to the formation
of the constitution, and remember that of thirteen equal
sovereigns stood Virginia, mighty in her population, i
mighty in the intellect of her sons, mightier still in her
relative weight and power, by reason of her magnitude ;
that there stood opposite the State ot Massachusetts, not,
as umv, shorn of five-sixths of her territory by the sep
aration of Virginia—she, always great in her population
and her representative wealth, great in the self-sacrifi- i
eing devotion of her sons ; great, I may he permitted to
say, in their wisdom—those States occupied nearly one
half the territory of the then thirteen States : yet, by
their sides stood the little States of Rhode Island anil
Delaware, little only in territory.
The Right of Secession among the Whigs.
As the Whigs of Georgia have stolen Democratic
planks to build their new Platform, so have the Whigs of
Alabama. Mr. Lockwood, the very able and accom
plished candidate of the Whig party in the Mobile dis
trict, holds the following language in reference to the
much abused doctrine of Secession :
“Mr. L. said he believed a State for adequate cause had
the right in the last resort to secede from the Union, and
that the State was the judge of the sufficiency of the cause,
and that the Federal Government had no right to coerce
a Statisthus seceding. He attempted, however, by a
jumble of words and confusion of ideas, to mystify the
subject, and said that although a State had the right to
judge of the sufficiency of the cause for secession, the oth
er States who are parties to the compact, had an equal
right to judge of the sufficiency of the cause, and that if
the seceding State was wrong in the abstract, and had no
good cause to secede, the other party to the compact had
the right to prevent her from leaving the Union ; but if
the seceding State was right in the abstract, and had
adequate cause to secede, then in thatcase, the other par
ty to the compact had no right to interfere or prevent her
from seceding. A strange entanglement and contradic
tion of ideas. Mr. L. read the Kentucky resolutions to
sustain his views of the question, and as containing the
true doctrine of State rights. Mr. L. also said, in reply to
a question of Col. I\, that it the State of Alabama should
determine to secede, although he might, as a citizen of the
State, be opposed to the act, and think the cause inade
quate, yet he would sustain the State in her act of seces
sion, and would not in such a controversy lake sides with
the Federal Government.”
These endorsements of Democratic doctrine by the
Whig leaders are the most cheering signs of tin* times.
Universal Suffrage—The Algerine Law—ll. V.
Johnson’s Address.
We have not placed much stress upon Mr. Jenkins’
vote for the “Algerine Law,” by which the poor
men of Augusta were in part disfranchised; because
we regarded the doctrine of Universal Suffrage as so
firmly fixed in the love and reverence of the American
people that it was impossible to uproot it. But as som*
persons—old Fogies—are bold enough, even at thL
j day, to justify this indefensible and un-American vote
of the candidate* of the Conservative party for Gover
nor, vve feel hound, from time to time, to hold up to
the people the grounds upon which the doctrine of
Universal Suffrage is defended. We therefore re
publish with great pleasure an extract from a speech
delivered by Herschel V. Johnson, the Democratic can
didate for Governor, before the Alumni Society, of
Franklin College, in August 1842, a little prior to Mr.
Jenkins’ famous vote for the Algerine Law.—
Our readers will see that the Democratic candidate
grounds his defence of Universal Suffrage upon the
great fundamental principle of American freedom, to
wit: that man is capable of self-government; and being
j capable, he is entitled to the exercise of tlie elective
; franchise.
This principle is admitted very generally in the Uni
: ted States, but the policy is doubted by many Whigs,
|in respect to our foreign population. The candidate of
1 the Democracy meets this issue like a true Democrat,
i and with an overwhelming argument. He says truly,
i that “the right of suffrage brings every citizen into a
species of co-partnership affiance with the whole po
! litical mass *, gives him an interest in the concern,
| whereby his affections will cluster with idolatrous de
| vorion around the Government of Lis choice, and
prompt him freely to pour out his blood as a libation upon
its altars.” He illustrates this position by a very happy
reference to a passage of Irish history, which the gal
lant sons of the Eineral Isle will read with interest;
and unless we have greatly mistaken their true char
aeter, will treasure in their hearts, and on the day ot
election, deposit their votes tor a man who cherishes so
warm a love for their native land, and so deep a sym
pathy for the noble men who have labored so long f r
delivery from the thraldom of British tyranny. Let
every voter read this speech of Judge Johnson. Ii
shows him to he a man deeply imbued not only with
the great cardinal principles of American freedom, but
alive to the wants of the poorest citizen, whose equal
right to vote with the proudest and richest aristocrat
in the Union, he so nobly and successfully defends.
The more we see of our candidate, the more we ad
mire him. He is a Roman in the firmness of his priu-
I ciples, a Christian and a true Democrat in his opin
i ions, principle's and feelings. Wc arc proud of him, and
! hope, before the election comes on, that lie will visit this
| section of the State, and give our people an opportuni
jty of seeing and hearing him. We have other produe
i tions of his pen which we will in good time give to our
j readers. We intend that, the people shall know him
! before the election, and then we will laugh to scorn the
I slanders of his enemies.
Judge Johnson’s Address.
We can hut lament over the proneness of the hu- j
man mind, to find fault with all that a political oppo- j
nent says or does aftei he is nominated for high office \
by his party. •
This weakness is signally manifested in the com- !
| ments of the Recorder, upon Judge Johnson’s address
j before the Wesleyan Female College at the late com- I
| ineneeiinnt. lie looked at the address through th<* j
! colored glasses of a political pponent, and found there- 1
i fore much to condemn in the performance.
How different is the estimate placed upon the ad- ’
I dress by an impartial spectator. Wo find in the last
number of the Southern Christian Advocate , a paper
{ conducted with eminent ability, and devoted to the
I dissemination of the highest and purest form of Chris
tian doctrine, the following paragraph :
: “The Hon. H. V. Johnson then addressed the audience
j for nearly an hour and a hall, on tin* subject of Female
| Education. This was a discourse full of great practical
I truths, characterized by high moral tone, and d* I veivd
1 impressively.”
Now a speech “full of great practical truths,” and
characterized by “high moral tone,” ought to meet
with some appreciation at least from one of the editors
of the Recorder ; and unquestionably would have done
so if he could have freed his mind from the bias of
political prejudice. We are happy to believe from re
ports from various sources, that he is peculiar in his
condemnation. The enlightened and religious public, j
who witnessed the performance are unanimous in its j
praise.
It is a melancholy spectacle to behold good men en
gaged in the pitiful task of bespattering the fair fame of j
good men. Herschel V. Johnson’s moral character
is above reproach. If he errs at all, it is on the side ;
of virtue. We know that his stern integrity in his (
high office, has made him some enemies, who oppose
i his election solely on this ground. Yet. the Conserva
tive press has teemed with articles injurious to his pri
vate reputation. He is charged with being a spiritual
! rapper; the charge is as false as it is ridiculous. Once j
| for all, we will state that Judge Johnson is an Elder
j in the Presbyterian church, and exemplifies in his daily ;
| life the justice, purity and eh.ai ity of the Christian char
; ajter. We make this statement in defence of Judge-
Johnson, and as an offset to the opprobrious charges |
which a reckless opposition press so freely lavishes up
on his good name, while vve enter our solemn protest
against this method of electioneering.
It is the chief glory of our Republic that religious
opinions are neither a recommendation nor disqualifica
tion for office. It is a matter between the individual !
and his God : and no man is allowed to intermeddle ;
therewith. This principle drove our fathers to this wes
tern wild, and is dear to the descendants of the pilgrims.
“Freedom to worship God” was the reward of their
labors and sacrifices, and was preferred by them to ali
the comforts of civilization. It is now too late to re
vive the inquisition. That iniquity is abated. But
zealots still try to force belief by branding with bet* re
doxy an individual who dares to worship God according
to the dictates of hi own conscience, Wahave no fear .
that the freemen of Georgia will countenance this fanat
icism. But they ought to do more. They owe it t<
their fathers, to the tolerant spirit of our free institutions,
to crush this attempt to ostrac.se an eminent citizen,
whose whole life is a splendid exemplification of the
Christian virtues, because he cannot bow the neck of
his faith to the yoke of Knowles-doxy.
The Algerine Law.
This term is applied in Georgia politics to a
ed by the Georgia Legislature disfranchising all citizens j
of Augusta, in their municipal elections for Aldermen, j
who did not possess a specific amount of property. The j
bill was drawn up by Andrew J. Miller, on the pe- i
tition of 89 persons, resident in that city, and was voted j
for by Charles J. Jenkins, the candidate of the Con- !
servative party for Governor of Georgia, and was do- *
fended bv him before the people of Augusta at the
next election. lie was defeated upon this issue, and
the law was repealed by the succeeding Legislature.
In the United States of America, every citizen who j
pays taxes is entitled to one vote, upon the general j
principle that all men are entitled to say who shall
govern them. This is the distinguishing characteristic
of freedom, and is thought to be the corner
stone of our liberties. The ballot is placed in the hands ‘
of each citizen in order to enable him to prevent any
set of men from tyranising over him ; and hut one
vote is given to the rich aud powerful, as it is supposed
that wealth and talent will certainly be able to acquire
a preponderating influence ovei the poor and ignorant,
and thus be able to protect themselves from all depreda
tions.
Mr. Jenkins either overlooked these plain household
American truths, or did not recognise them as such in
his vote for the Algerine law.
We have no fears that Mr. Jenkins will attempt to
disfranchise the poor people of Georgia, even if he is
elected Governor, of which there is very little fear, and
have not, therefore, before specifically alluded to this un
popular vote of his. As it is, however, making some stir
in Georgia, we have thought it best to give a plain
statement of facts to our readers, that they may know
the truth in regard to the matter, and act in the premi
ses as they may think best. It was a very unlucky
vote, and will lose him the suffrages of many poor men
in the coming election. Those Democrats who are with
such facility deserting the Democratic standard, because
they have been defeated by their rivals before nominal- j
ing conventions, would do well to look into this mutter [
before they cast their votes. If they wish to he popu
lar and secure office it would lie well for them to pause
before they connect their fortunes with those of a politi
cian who regards poverty as a disqualification for
voting in municipal elections. Such treason to tlnr rights
of the people will not soon be forgotten by the masses,
and “Algerines” will have the felicity of occupying pri
vate stations the balance of their lives.
Proscription.
A Washington letter writer for the Mobile Register ,
gives the following pointed refu at‘loll to the charge of
proscription, so freely made by the Whig press against
the Administration :
“Now. upon the simple proposition of removals from
office, if the practice be wrong in itself, the W bigs have a
thousand fold more sins to answer for than our party have.
Their removals have been on a larger scale, and under
circumstances incomparably more aggravated.
“Nothing was more confidently expected than that
Gen. Pierce would place his political friends in office. A
harmony of sentiment between him and his agents was
indispensable to the success of these measures which he
was elected to carry out. lie announced iu his inaugural
that he would place men in office whose principles were
in common with his own. Indeed, as before stated, noth**
ing less was expected by men of all parties.
‘“Th.* present- Administration has been in pewft* four
month-. The total number of removals during tins time,
of whatsoever kind, is less than nine hundred How
does thi compare with the removals made by the Whigs ?
In 1841, in three weeks after the inauguration oi Gen.
Harrison, there had been seventeen hundred removals of
Postmasters alone. This was done, too, iu the face of
pledges made by the Whigs during the canvass, that they
would ‘proscribe proscription.’
“Again ; in the first month of Gen. Taylor's Adminis
tration there were over three thousand removals. This. I
tot>, in the most flagrant violation of solemn pledges vol
untarily and repeatedly made by Gen. Taylor, that, in the
event of his election, no one should he removed on politi
cal grounds. With such facts as these staring them in
the face, how preposterously absurd it is, and how insult
ing to t!i-* popular intelligence of the country, for the
Whigs to charge it as a fault upon this Administration,
that it is proscriptive!”
Georgia Items.
Congressional. —John J, Jones, Esq., of Burke is
recommended ns the candidate of the Democratic party
in the eighth District.
Hon. Y. P.Kinu.—The citizens of Greensboro have
tendered a public dinner to Hon. Y. P. King, as an evi
dence of their high appreciation of his public services,
and of his character as a citizen and neighbor. %
Emory College.—Dr. Alexander Means has re
signed his professorship in Emory College, and lias ac
cepted the Presidency of the Masonic Female College
at Covington.
Prof. Darby, of Ctillodcn, Ga., has been elected to
(ill the professorship ill Emory College, made vacant by
the resignation of Dr. Means.
ILT The sum of two thousand five hundred dollars
was raised at the late commencement at Emory Col
lege to complete the College buildings. Hon. Robert
Toombs gave four hundred dollars.
Candid sites in Randolph County.
The Democratic Party in Randolph county has nomi
nated the following very able ticket for the Legislature,
which will unquestionably be elected by a very large
majority.
For the Senate—LeGrand Gukrry.
“ u House—M. Hendrick and Noah Robison.
j Georgia Home Gazelle.
Having received the Georgia Home Gazette since
| its commencement, wc take pleasure in commending it
j to out'readers ns one of the best Literary and Family
! papers published in the country.
It is furnished to single subscribers at $2 per annum ,
|in advance, and to clubs at $1 50. Published at All- !
! gusta, Ga., by Smythk Wiiytk.
New York Politicians.
A resolution endorsing the Fugitive slave law lately
passed the popular branch of the New York Legisla
ture, by a vole of 46 to 23 ; among the ayes were 42
Democrats and 4 Whigs. We have no great eoidi-!
deuce in the soundness of New York politicians of ei- j
liter party ; but the vote in this ease, we believe, may
be taken as a test of the comparative soundness of the |
two parties in that State—42 to 4, or more than ten to j
one in favor of the Democracy.
Steamer Alabama Sunk.
We regret to learn that this noble Steamer ha- recently ,
sunk at the Enfaula wharf in six feet water. The seams |
are supposed to have opened under the scorching-rays of a j
Southern sun, and admitted water into her hold. There I
was a guard on board at the time, but. the vessel went down \
so gradually that he was not aware of it. The steamer I
was principally owned wo believe by McCall & Johnson, !
of Eulaula, and was built last year at Pittsburg.
\ not her Murder.
A fair, but frail being, named Ber thenk Sweeten,
and known for her beauty as Eliza Love, was on j
Wednesday 20th inst., brutally murdered iu New Or- j
leans by her paramour, a grocer on Poydras st., by the
name of A. M. Ballow. She was killed in her own !
room while asleep, by blows upon the head with a
hatches. Ballow has been arrested. The black hear- i
ted villain gave information of her death to the police,; 1
but denied all participation in the deed.
Corn in Charleston.
We learn from the Mercury , of the 22d., that the
stock of corn in Charleston was completely exhausted.
There was not a bushel in the hands of dealers. The j
last sales were at 90 cents.
New Orleans.
We regret to learn that the Yellow Fever is epidem- j
ic in New Orleans. The disease is attributed to a j
criminal neglect of the streets by the contractors.
The Girard Rail Road.
We are happy to announce that the first Engine for
the Girard road has arrived at the Depot, and is ready
to mount the iron track as soon as it is laid. It is call
ed “Chunnenuggee” in honor of the intelligent and en
terprising citizens of that lovely village.
o*Dr. Chas. Caldwell, one of the most eminent
physicians iu the West, died at Louisville on the 9th |
instant. lie was nearly ninety years of age. He was
a man of great intellectual vigor and of great learning.
He was for many years a professor in one or more med*
ieal colleges, and has left many reliable productions.
llon. Wiley P. Harris, of Lawrence county, Miss.,
is the Democratic candidate for Congress in the 4th
district.
J. J. Skibels, Esq, American Consul to Belgium,
; arrived ill Charleston on the 21st inst., on his way to
; Washington, preparatory to leaving for Europe.
Degrees. —The University of Alabama lias conferred
I tin* degree of Doctor of Laws, upon Judge John A.
| Campbell, and that of Divinity, upon Rev. Henry Tal
berd.
Col. Gadsden, of South Carolina, American Minis
ter to Mexico, left Charleston on Saturday, inst., 4o
enter upon the duties of his mission.
Union Springs. —A meeting has been called in
Montgomery, Ala., to consider the project of a Railroad
JVom that city to Union Springs.
Hon. James U. Wallace died of apoplexy, at his
residence in Tuscaloosa, Ala., Monday 18th inst.
Baltimore, July 24.
R. G. Barnwell, Esq., of* S. C., one of the editors of
Deßow’s Review, has been appointed Consul to Am
sterdam.
Mobile News . —Blanton McAlpin, for many years
identified witli the interests of Mobile, of which city
he was a well known unci popular resident, left on
Tuesday the 19th for his adopted home in Cal
ifornia.
Mr. James M. Tarleton, of Mobile, Consul
to Australia, is to leave New York on the loth if
August in the new steamship Golden Age, for
Melbourne.
James F. Otis, for many years one of the
editors of the N. V. Express , has become an assist
ant editor of the Picayune.
Judge Hubbell, of Wisconsin, has been
unanimously acquitted of the charged that were
brought agaiust him.
. fFOK TIIE TIMES AND SENTINEL.!
Columbus, Ga., July 23, 1853.
To the Editor of the Times —
Snt:—l respect fully offer to your correspondent, “A
Southern Rights Democrat,” such acknowledgments as are
due for the empty compliment In* has tendered pro
posing my name to the convention shortly t* assemble, as
a suitable candidate lor a scat in our State Legislature ; a
position which I have never coveted, and which 1 would
not deign to accept if offered with entire unanimity. 11l
had ever possessed such an ambition, and a nomination
were given me now, as a free will offering, my attachment
to our party is too strong, and my solicitude lor its success
too sincere, to allow me to jeopardize it by striving for the
interest of myself, or one who, like me, held “extreme opin
ions” upon the issues which of late unhappily divided us.
The policy of the party should he as shadowed forth in your
editorial of the 13th of May, when you used this language:
“Another and essential means of success is the character
and position of the candidate selected. Men of ardent tern
perament would of course prefer the nomination of a candi
date. who holds extreme opinions; but this would guarantee
defeat, as it would he asking too much of human nature to
expect men who hold opposite opinions to give to such a
nominee a cord ad support. Neither wing of the party
ought to press the claims of men of extreme views. If a
middle man can he found, who, during the late dissensions,
laid one hand upon the one wing of the party,and the other
upon the other wing, and byhis moderation lias secured tin*
good will of both, without forfeiting the confidence of either,
he ought to be the nominee of the party for Governor. We
certainly could not expect Union Democrats to give a
hearty support o him of ‘Goblin Glen/ and wp claim for
our prejudices the same consideration which we extend to
them. VVc hope wc are understood.”
M y course during the excitement upon the compromise
question was un mist ahi ugly extreme and ultra. Upon a
like issue being presented, it shall prove the same. A re
trospect of my action then, but convinces me of its correct
ness, and endears to me the grounds I then assumed Dur
ing the canvasses consequent upon that division, I was
forced to personal issues with many of those with whom, ,
since my majority, 1 had acted in concert in political af
fairs. Many ot these personal differences have not been
healed : they never shall be by an advance upon my park
1 would avoid having thrust upon those gentlemen with
whom lam now in party alliance, the mortification of
supporting me, not feeling that I can give them the credit
1 that I assume and practice, of magnanimity, and not deem
ing that they would “ cordially ” support any one whoso
lately was politically and personally obnoxious to them.
To the nominees whom the Democracy have selected,
and to those whom they may select, f shall give a warm
and zealous support. Ido so the more readily, because
satisfied that, it elected, they will be confined to the pale of
the principles laid down by our convention at Baltimore,
and while so confined they cannot materially err, and by
their election, the National Democracy will be exalted.
Whoever they may be, personally, I care not; with me
principles have more weight than men, and lu* who will
forestall me iu his advocacy ofthose principles aud the elec
tion ol the agents who have been, and may be, selected to
carry them out, shall be entitled to his seat above mein
our national church.
l! I have a solitary friend remaining among *tlie many
who have shared my‘fortunes, I exhort him to an active
and vigilant support of our nominees, for the reason assign
ed. Let him remember, too, that at the division of our
forces, the smallest number rallied to the flag of “Union
Democracy.” YVecau freely then, give to our late politi
cal enemies, what low positions we have to bestow, as it
will doubtless prove a salvo for their mortified feelings, and
may heal the rent caused by the scramble to reach our Na
tional Flat form. All with whom I acted should be satis
fied, as I am, that it is a reward sufficient for all our trials
that the correctness of our position in the past, has been as
serted by that tribunal from which there is no successful
earthly appeal— th * National Democracy. As victors let
us be generous. More gratification has been afforded me,
by the endorsement of the compromise by our National
Convention, than a life time seat in the Legislature could
have secured.
Respectfully, yours,
ALEX. C. MORTON.
I FOR TIIE TIMES AND SENTINEL.J
Mr. Editor : You know that I was first in furnishing
; reliable and incontrovertible evidence of the superiority of
, the Railroad route front Columbus to West Point, over all
i others in Georgia, so far as the cost of grading, bridging,
; &c., is concerned. You know, also, that I have lor sev
j eral years been almost constant in my endeavors to bring
| the people of Columbus to a consideration of the vast ad
vantages which would certainly be reaped by them if that
Railroad were constructed. But during all this time, 1 did
not dream that the people of Harris, Meriwether and Cow
. eta, could be prevailed upon to undertake, in such force,
; and with such an amount of means as would ensure the
completion of, within any reasonable time, the new propos
i ed Railroad from this place via. Hamilton and Greenville
! Gr; utsville, connecting at the latter point with tire Rail
j road from Atlanta through Newnan. Within the last
week, however, in addition to your notice of the subject, I
; heard from several sources, that the project is, not only iu j
j contemplation, hut that there is no doubt that the people of j
Harris and Meriwether are ready for the undertaking, if j
I assured that Columbus will pledge herself, to build so much |
I of the road as may he iu ‘Muscogee county. You have
I done right in tendering this pledge in behalf 01 our city. I
j have yei to find the first citizen who is not warmly in favor
i of the earliest possible action on the part ot all concerned,
j Now, it what we hear respecting the temper and determin
; at ion of the people of the three counties named upon this
1 subject,many,il not all the warmest advocates of tlu* im
mediate construction of the Columbus and West Point
I road, will be content to abandon that project lor the present
I (unless the people of Troup county are. willing to come iu
i largely to its aid) and to concentrate the means, credit and
j energies of the city, upon what may he called the Pine
I Mountain and ColumhuH Railroad.
With respect to trade, tin* largest portion of the dheus
! sions of the advantages of a road from Columbus to West
i Point may be referred to and adopted as applicable to this
j new route ; hut the latter offers additional inducements to
the up country and the lower country, but more especially
; to those residing or owning lands on, or contiguous to the
Pine Mountain, or at,or in the vicinity,of any of the Mineral
; Springs. Let these but reflect, that it would be delightful
! o thousands of the low country people to dwell in the
I ‘shadow ol that mountain during tne summer season—to
I adorn it with hundreds of summer residences, if they could
j reach it by Railroad. With respect to others who may
I own the land on or near the line, it is enough to refer them
: to the foil unate experience of thousands who, before a Rail
I road passed near their land, could not get three dollars per
i acre for it, and who would not now. take ten.
Should the necessary arrangements be made to secure
j the beginning and completion of this road, it is “devoutly
to be wished” that time—short time, will be. an important
! element in that arrangement. This old Fogie way of
j being three or four years in building fifty or sixty miles of
. Railroad, cannot he countenanced in this progressive age.
It lias been the case, that the interest lost on the expeudi
i lures on a long delayed work of the kind, was equal in
amount, to half the cost of the whole work, to say nothing
[ of lost profits. Now the most economical mode of getting
I through with this work, is to complete it in time for carry
ing to market the crop of next year. If fifteen thousand
dollars, under the control of one man, cart be made to com-
| pi etc. one mile in >ix months (an easy job) it is just as easy
i ior sixty men, with the same amount each (in all $900,000)
l to complete sixty miles within the same time, ft must not
ho the expectation of planters who pay for their stock in
work to make full crops and work on the road at idle
times. Paying for stock in work is in itself a vastly profit
able crop, and men in this neighborhood are getting rich at
it. The plan is, to plant hut very little cotton next year,
and what work a planter may do on the road, let him do
it in one season and have done with it. Nor should the
tact, that there is no charter lor this l oad, occasion the least
delay. That can he obtained as soon as the Legislature
meets without tho least doubt or difficulty. Let meetings
he held, and the company formed and stock subscribed for
to be held under the charter to be obtained.
If after all, however, an investigation shall satisfy the
people of Columbus, that those of Harris and Meriwether
are not-fully prepared to engage in this enterprise, or that
the support they are ready to give, to it, will hut be sufficient
to begin it, allowing it to linger for several years, “drag
ging its slow length along/’they can fall back upon, and
organise under the charter already granted for the Colum
bus and West Point road, and go to work.
MORE ANON.
[FOR TIIF. TIMES A FID SENTINEL.]
Emory College*
Messrs. Editors : The commencement exercises of this
Institution have just closed. Ii would be, great presump
tion to attempt to sketch with the pen,a picture which loses
! so much of its vividness and its intore t, by a separation
! from its associations. I shall not therefore take upon my
i self more than a simple repital of the prominent events of
! the occasion.
! At 11 o’clock of Sunday morning, Bishop Capers preach
ed a sermon, appropriate to the occasion, to a very large
1 and interested audience, in the new Chapel. At the clow?
| of this service, this large and beautiful building was dedi-
I cated by the Bishop to Almighty God. The occasion was
solemn and impressive.
; At 3 o’clock, Dr. L. Pierce followed in a sermon char
acterized by great ability and unction, lie is indeed a great
i man, with an intellect standing up in all its majesty and
I clearness, against the wear and tear of Well nigh three
i score years and ten.
j On Monday the Board ol Trustees met for the transac
j tion of the business connected with the interests of the Col
• lege. Professor Means tendered his resignation of the chair
ol natural sciences. This was a source of mutual regret to
I the Doctor and the Board of Trustees. Ilis private interest
j demanded the change, and the Board, however reluctant, j
! were left no other alternative but to accept. But Emory
j seems to have been the child of Providence. Just when j
i the darkness and the gloom were spreading over lie** pros
j poets, from the loss of Prof. Means, a worthy and very
j competent successor was found, in the person of Professor
Darby. This latter gentleman was elected, and the Board
are permitted to say, accepts the appointment. Professor
Darby has a wide spread reputation for general scholarship,
and ability in imparting instruction, but liis strong forte and
inclinations are tor the natural sciences.
At night, on Monday, we were entertained by like,on
prize dec 1 aimers from the Sophomore class. They all did
well. The Judges awarded the first premium to Thomas
11. Muse, of Midway, S. C., and the second to John In -
lander, of Macon, Ga.
! On Tuesday morning, thirteen of the Junior class deliv
ered original speeches. There was much ability indicated
by this exhibition, and the parents and friends were very
justly proud of this debut of their sons on the rostrum. A
irreat treat may he looked for from tliis class, at the next
Commencement.
In the afternoon, President Pierce made an address in
behalf ot the pecuniary interests ol the College, growing
out ol expenditures in the erection of the large new
College building. It is needless to say anything more about
this speech than to exhibit its truits. In response, twenty
thrr.e hundred dollars were deposited, subject to the Presi
dent's order, l'his was doing nobly ; would that all the
Methodists ot Georgia could have been there, to have
heard for themselves, and seen what this noble enterprise
is doing for the church and lire country ; then the cry ol
want ot means and poverty of endowment would have
been heard no more.
it is to l>e regretted, that the church as a whole, do not
acquaint themselves more generally with the merits of tliis
Institution. It has struggled through embarru.-smer.ts the
most extraordinary, and in its crippled state failed to im
part all the benefits which could have been desired. Many
have stood aloof waiting to see it die, but the seed were
sown in faith, and have been watered and nourished by ihe
tears and prayers of a few good and self-sacrificing friends,
until it now stands forth redeemed from its embarrassments;
still poor, but confident of success. It can never die, while
God is ils friend. Withhold r.ot therefore yonr rnenn-; or
your patronage any longer.
At night, Henry R Harris, H-.q., the Alumni orator, made
an address. Emory was proud to own him as a specimen
of her work. It was a good speeeh, and delivered with
much grace and ease* Wednesday was Commencement
day. At 9 o’clock, the Seniors commenced speaking.
The composition and declamation reflected credit upon the
young gentlemen and tlu* faculty. The class was uniform
ly good, as an evidence of which, half of them received
honors,und probably all deserved them. The prizes to the
Sophomores were then delivered by Prof. Smith, preceded
by an eloquent speech on oratory. The Baccalaureate by
the President was necessarily short, hut appropriate and
able, and if these young gentlemen are true to themselves,
they will never cease to remember its instructions, or jail to
lie guided by its counsels. Degrees were then conferred,
and the young men sent forth to play their part in the great
drama of life. How well or how successfully they may do
it, will depend upon themselves.
But the big gun is yet to be fired. Four o’clock, the large
Chape! is filled to its utmost capacity, when Col. Toombs
is introduced to the audience as the selected orator of the
two literary societies. Rather anew theatre for our Geor
gia Senator. The Colonel is however at perfect ease ; de
lighted as he had been from day U* day with ail that was
transpiring, he seemed to feci as if he was in “his father’s
home,” and moved off with Ids accustomed eloquence,
greatly to the delight and edification of his large and intel
ligent audience. Here, the programme-of arrangements
ended, and a vast crowd which inad shared the hospitali
ties of this delightful rural village, and been entertained
with the feasts of reason for four days, dispersed to their
homes again, favorably impressed by the evidences every
where exhibited, that the heart and the head are alike edu
cated here —that moral and religious sentiments pervade
tlu* community and the institution, giving the best guaran
tee of protection to those who may be placed under their
fostering care. Below you have a programme of the exer
cises of the junior and senior classes. WYN NTON.
JUNIOR EXHIBITION.
S. D. Clements, Moral Courage.
J. W. Solomons, Popular Enlightenment.
G. L. Johnson, “ ’Tis vain to seek in man for more than
man.”
J. R. Drake, There is nothing Beautiful or Sweet, or
(lrand,in Life or Nature, but in their Mysteries.
J. M. Chambers, Truth crushed to earth will rise again.
John Turner, Southern People should Patronize South
ern Institutions.
Wm. L. C Hunnicmt, A Christian is the Highest Style
of Man.
John Patillo, Nothing in Nature, much le*s Conscious
Being, was e’er created for Itself alone.
James F. Harley, Fanaticism.
James M. Page, The Human Mind Prone to Supersti
tion.
James CL Shockley, Equo Ne Gredin*.
Charles A. McDaniel, Utility.
Wm. A. Tignor, (sick) Excused.
SENIOR EXHIBITION.
John W. Rush, (2d Honor,) Salutatory—lndependence
of Thought.
Wm. H. Gaither, Napoleon.
John F. Ellison, The Power of the Pulpit.
Robert M. McNair, Human Happiness is founded up
on Wisdom and Virtue.
Olio S. Means, The Literature of America.
J. R. Mason, Josephine.
John S. Bigby, (2d Honor.)
“Truth, ever lovely since time began,
The foe of Tyrants and the friend of Man.”
Irby G. Hudson. America, her Destiny.
S. W. Glass, (2d Honor,) Acquisition of Territory.
D. W. Seay, (Ist Honor,) Everyman the architect of
his own Fortune.
John S. McLaughlin, (Ist Honor.)
Virtue alone outbuilds the Pyramids,
Her Monuments shall last when Egypt’s fall.
T. G. Scott, (Ist Honor.) ‘J he early Jesuits, examples
of self-denial and perseverance. Valedictory to the Facul
ty, Trustees and Audience.
John W. Glenn, (Ist Honor.)
The mind that takes an eagle aim
Will find an eagle's wing.
Valedictory to the President and class.
An address to the Sophomore prize declaimers, b\ 01.
L. M. Smith.
Baccalaureate address, Rev. G. F Pierce.
An address at 4 o’clock to tin* Literary Socicti
lion. R. Toombs.
District Meeting.
Agreeably to previous notice, a portion of the Demo**
eratie Party of Muscogee County, met to-day at the
Court House for the purp sc* of selecting Delegates from
the two Town Districts, to attend a county Convention
to be held in the city of Columbus on the 2d Tuesday in
August next to nominate Democratic candidates for the
Legislature.
The meeting was organized by calling the lion. Al
fred Iverson to the Chair, and requesting Francis M.
Brooks to act as Secretar .
On motion of Dr. A.J. Robifom,a committee of three
from each of the Town Districts was appointed by the
Chair, to select suitable delegates to attend said Con
veil doff*
\\ hereupon the Chairman appointed the following per
sons as that committee, viz. : A. J. Robison, Porter In
gram, Samuel Hatcher, A. C. Morton, A. M. Robinson
and G. W. Cherry.
The committee after retiring for a few minutes repor
ted the following named persons :is delegates, viz : from
the Upper District, A. I>. Kagan, Dr. S. A. Billing
and B. V. Iverson ; from the Lower District, John Quin,
George J. Fitts and A. C. Morton.
On motion of the lion. A. G. Morton, the delegation
from each district were cm (towered to fill any vacancy.
On motion of Tennent Ixunnx, Esq., the meeting now
adjourned.
ALFRED IVERSON, Chairman.
Francis M. Brooks, Secretary.
Columbus, Ga., July 271 h, 1853.
Later from California.
New York, July 25.
The Northern Light has arrived from Aspinwall,
with San Francisco dates to the Ist July. Among her
passengers was Patrick O’Donahoe, the Irish Exile,
who recently escaped from the English Pena! Colonies.
The steamship Oregon, which left San Francisco on
the Ist, brought down $1,750,000 in gold, §400,000 of
which was forwarded to this port. Shasta City has
been completely destroyed by fire—loss half a million
ot dollars. The town of Rough and Ready was also
consumed. The accounts from the Mining Districts
are favorable.
Arrival of the Pampero.
New Orleans, July 26.
f I lie steamship Pampero has arrived at this port from
San Juan, bringing San Francisco dates to the lstinst.
i I’Doiiahoe, who sailed in the Northern Light for New
York, reached San Francisco on the 22d of June, and
published the particulars of his escape.
Gov. Bigler had been nominated for re-election.
Counterfeit gold bars had been put into circulation in
California. The clipper ship Typhoon had been run
aground.
The San Francisco markets were quiet. Flour sl3
a sl4. Rio Codec 12 cents. Boston Pork, clean,
$27 a S2B •, Mess Pork $25 ; slams lb a 18 cents.
Lard 13 a 14 ctn. jj
The schooner Flying Dart and ship Mystery of Bos
ton had both arrived at San Francisco.
Later from Oregon.
New Orleans, July 26.
The Pampero also brings later dates from Oregon.
Gen. Lane had been elected a delegate to Congress
from the Territory. Good coal mines have been dis
covered near St. Helena. Gold has also been found in
Sautrain river. The event had caused considerable
excitement at Portland
Later from Mexico.
New Orleans, July 25.
The Texas brings dates from the city of Mexico to
the Kith inst. The papers are filled with discussions
about the Spanish Protectorate, which is said to he fa
vored by the Government.
A commission has been appointed to adopt rub and
regulations for the Jesuits, who have been invo •! to
return to Mexico. Santa Anna is said to oc i
of a union of Church and State.
Count. Boulqou, the French invader of Sonora, had
arrived in Mexico, and had an interview with the Presi
dent.
A decree has been issued, declaring the penalty of
death shall be inflicted on persons who defraud the trea
sury.
The Diligence from Vera Cruz for Mexico had been
robbed, and one of the passengers killed. Fifteen of
the robbers arrested.
A terrible inundation had taken place in Jalisco, and
the town of Ilua Jasca had been destroyed, and many
lives lost.
* U. S. Marshal sent to Jail.
PiHi.ADEi.miA, July 25.
The United States Marshal, Winkoop, lias been sent
to Jail to-day for refusing to surrender a fugitive slave,
on a writ of habeas corpus. Much excitement exists
upon the subject.
For the Fishing Grounds.
New York, July 21.
The steamers Fulton and Princeton left yesterday for
the fishing ground*—instructions not made public.
New Orleans, July 27.
The Falcon has arrived. She brings no later intelligence.
The Georgia left Aspinwall on the 20th for Nev Y ork
direct. She has on loard two millions in gold. The Em
|>ire City on Tuesday.
The Yellow Fever has a milder type. The
deaths for the past week were 429.