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THE UNION. JOHN G. POLHELL, EDITOR. THU m>EJULL UNIOV Is published every Saturday at Three dollars per an num, id advance, or Four if not paid before the end of the year.’ The Office is on Wnynt-Strut, opposite Mc Combs’ Tavern. All Advertisements published at tbe usual rates. \£3* Bach Citation by the Clerks of tbe Courts of Or dinary that application has been made for Letters of Ad ministration, must be published Thirtt days at least. Notice by Executors and Administrators for Debtors On,} Credit >rs to render in their aocouuts must be publish* ed Six weeks. Soles of negroes by Executors and Administrators must be advertised Sixty bays before the day of sale. Sales of personal property (except negroes) of testate and intestate estates by Executors and Administrators, must be advertised Forty cays. Applications by Executors, Administrators and Guar dians to the court of ordinary for leave to sell Land must be published Four months. Applications by Executors and Administrators for Let ters Dismissory, must be published Six months. Applications lor Enclosure of Mortgages on real Es tate must be advertised once a month lor Six months. Sales of real estate by Executors, Administrators and Guardian* must be published Sixty days before the day of sale. These sales must be made at the court - he f* e door between the hours of 10 in the morning ar.d four in the afternoon. No sab; from day to day is valid, unless 80 expressed in the advertisement. ' Orders of Court of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy of the bond, or agreement) to make tides to Land, must be advertised Three months alleast. Sheriff’s sales under executions regularly granted by the courts, must be advef ised Thirty days. Sheriff’s sales uudtv mortgage executions must be ad vertised Sixty days before the day of sale. Sheriff’s sales of perishable property under order of Court must be advertised generally Ten days. All ORiuERsfor Advertisements will be punctually at tended to. All Letters directed to the office, or the Editor, must be post-paid to entitle them to attention. MLLLEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1830. VOLUME 1, NUMBER 13. M ILLEDGE VILLE MASONIC HALL LOTTERY. On Thursday, the 4th day of November next, T he THIRD DAY’S DRAWING will positively take place—at which time, tbe Wheel will be in such situation, as for holders of Tickets to reasonably calculate on some respectable prizes. A nobler chance for a fortune, in the way of Lottery, was m* er present ed to the public. At! who may feel disposed to purchase Tickets, would act wisely, to luy, in tbe Milledgeville Masonic Hall Lottery before the next drawing. This Lot tery is at home, and though you should be unfortunate, there is still the advantage that the money will be iu cir culation amongst us, and added to this, the chance is cer tainly very good to realize ten or fifty times the amount expended for Tickets. On examination of the different drawings, it will be seen that the small prizes are very much diminished, leaving in the Wheel nearly all of the valuable ones—It will also be recollected, that the prizes under two hundred dollars, were deposited in the wheel at tne cominenct ment of the drawing, ami that there are yet to he deposited prizes from two hundred up to 30,000 COUGARS! which certainly ootu3 out the strongest inducement to pur chasers. At ike next Drawing the following Splendid Pri- 6TATE OF GEORGIA: J3y kis Excellency Gkurc*. R. Gilmer, Governor end • Commander in Chief of the Army and ATuvy of ihis Slate, and of the Militia thereof. HERE AS thousands of persons have entered upon Y f Ifce lands of the State, in the occupancy of toe Chrrokces, and a:c now, and have been for some time past, employed in taking "real quantities in value ofgoid there from—And whereas this slate of things was unforeseen by the Legislature, ana therefore no laws have been pass ed for th<T prevention thereof—And whereas the powers vested in the Executive Department by me Constitution end laws do not sufficiently en able the Governor to re- .move or restrain sue;, tresspassers—It <s therefore consid ered that in extraordinary occasion has occurred for con sulting the General Assembly of tbe. Stale at a period eatii- that prescribed by Law—I have thei tfore thought lit and r by virtue of the power in me vested by the Con- rs of Of Octoller next,"than and i.' tere ^-liberate and d t ide oq such matters as the public i^Uare may render ncces- turv. Given under my hand and the Great Seal of the Stale at the Slate House in .Miilfcdgeviits, this twentieth day of September, in the vear of our Lord one thou sand eight hundred and thir’y, and of American In dependence tbe fifty-fifth. GEORGE R. GILMER. 1 PRIZE OF jU0/>(K) 1 PRIZE OF $500 1 da li lO.uOt) 1 do u 500 1 do a 5,000 1 do 14 400 1 do (< ’ 1,000 1 do 44 400 1 do tc 1,000 1 do 44 400 1 do <4 000 1 do 44 300 1 do (( 900 1 do 44 300 1 do 44 800 1 do 44 300 1 do a 800 1 do 44 200 1 do a 800 | a do Cl 200 1 do cc 700 19 do 44 100 1 do 44 600 37 do 14 50 1 do <4 500 besides 2Q’s and 10’s. PRICE OF TICKETS. Wholes $10—Halves 555—Quarters $2 50. IdP* ORDERS addressed to Wyatt Foard, Secretary | to the Commissioners, post-paid, will meet with prompt attention. WYATT FOARD, Milledgeville, July 17 Secretary to the Commissioners. By the Governor: Everard Hamilton, Secretary of State. 2t BYRON ACADSMY. T HE Trustees*ot the Byron, Baker county Academy, wishing to employ some person to take charge of ‘he Male Department in said Institution, will receive ieab d proposals until the first day of October next. It a ill ba expected that persons making application for the mine will please send what their terms will be, and whet .hey will teach. Application, postpaid, will be duly at tended to, by ROBERT HARDIE, Stc'ry. Sept 18 U 3t hAW NOTION. r HE Copartnership in die PRACTICE ol the LAW, heretofore existing between Samuel Loiolhtr *' . red. Iverson, is this day dissolved by mutual consent— !. Iverson having transferred his interest in said Part- ■ersiiip to John L. Lewis. A Copartnership has been this day formed between 1 amuel Lowther St John L Lewis, who will attend to he Practice of the Law in the Oemulgto, Flint and Suith- •rn Circuits. They will generally be found at their office n Clinton, when not absent on the Circuit. A. Iverso.v will, during the present year, remove to /olunihus, and practice Law in all the counties of the ffiatahoochie Circuit and in those of tbe Southern Cir- uit whe r e his services may be required. Tilt sen ices if A. Iverson wili be rendered in winding up the businuis rf Low the r & Iverson in the Ocmulg*e Circuit. SAMUEL LOWTHER, ALFRED IVERSON, JOHN L. LEWIS. Clinton, June 19, 1830. 234m4m TO PL^MTSStS. THE subscriber (late of the firm of Da- ❖ vis k Catf.r of this place) begs leave to inform his friends and Planters generally, tha; having declined the Grocery business here, will give his entire and undivided attention to the Selling of Cation from W gons, or otherwise, at 25 CENTS FEB BALIii and will buy any article oruereu at tbe lowest vi rUet prices FREE OF COMMISSIONS. He pledg es a prompt compliance with instructions and strict at tention to the Planters interest. H. VV. CATER Jlugusta, August 14, 1830 7 7tis FACTORAGE T •l.VD SC-tOClSSXCH BUSIlfESO. HE undersigned grattiullv acknowledge the liberal patronage with which they have been favored in the .above fine, and respectfully inform tue public that they continue its transaction in the City, and that their fiiitli- ful and undivided attention will be devoted to the busi ness of their patrons. Liberal Cash advances may be expected on Produce, &c. in Store, when desired- STOVALL & SIMMONS. 5 12t Augusta, Aug. 7, 1830 liOUGHT TO JAIL in Marion, Twiggs county, a negro man, who says his name is JACK, and t! at he belongs to George Chiton of Clark c.unity. Jack is about 5 feel 7 m 9 inches high—has two small scars under the left <ye, and lias received an injury in the left hip which makes the left leg rather shorter than the other. The owner will come forward, prove property, nay costs, and take him awav. &AMUEL JORDAN, Jailor. Sent 18 II 3t LAW NOTICE. WIIiEY W. OAITKEH, WING located himself at McDonough, Henry county, tenders his Professional services to the ib ic as Attorney and Counsellor at Law. He will at- nd ihe Cour.s of the various counties in ihe liint Cir- rit. Aug *28 8 8t lODICAL. D OCTORS John M. McAfee and Jemes B. Underwood, have associatid them selves in the PRACTICE of PHYSIC, a:i ! its collateral brandies, Surgery, Midwifery, &c. unuei the firm of 1WAFEE & UNDERWOOD, One of wlmm will be found ready at ill limes to attend to any professional calls. Their mileage or other charges will be moderate, as times are hard. They hope from Unremitting attention to the duties of their profession, to ^ rit and receive a liberal share of the public patronage. B.—Th?y will Practice in the Cherokee Nation when called on. McAFEE 6c UNDER VY OOD, * Osinesville, Hall county. »iay 1, 1830 2*5—tf NOTICE. LL persons having demands against the estate oi Zacharian Phillips, late of V\ alton county, deceas ed, are requested to present them in terms of the la w du ly authenticated—and those indebted to the estate are also requested to make immediate payment to ROBERT M. ECHOLS, Adm'r. Sept 18 11 81 GEORGIA, Henry county. HERE AS Sarah Mercer applies to me for letters of Administration on the estate of Daniel Mercer, late of said county, deceased: These are therefore to cite and adme ish all and singu lar, the kindred and creditors of said deceased, to be and appear at my office, within the time prescribed by law, to shew cause, if any they have, why said letters should not be granted. Given under my hand, this 15lfc day of September, 1830. GUY YV. SMITH, d. c. c. o. Sent 25 12 * ®t - VEW MAP OF GEORGIA. . - "cribers have now under the hands of the LIE sum New York, a complete and splendid Engraver. c Georgia, the greater part compiled of the State o. qjj all tii s t r i c ts carefully laid actual aurvey, w , • ■ * * -■ i and-tnihibered, the uid exactness from the ation, in a style not infen iresented to the public, with a ieat of Government to every c. 'hole completed with great la- j 'test and most authentic in- r to any thing of the kind ♦able of distances from ^nty site or place of 0 * ver . y . t» in the new pur rtance in the estate. 1be■ dtftnc. t | ;q the corners, ; and lower counties are all number^ ^ ^ situation i to enable a person to ascertain tbe e* q cd off in ly lot of land, and will be^painted and fin- * ^ icatest manner—a part of them c » n * a8 “ cd ’ . ^per , laced on rollers, the balance will be on th.u P iv folded in morocco covers, and will be for ^ ro{ _ ttdeeville by the first of Octobei next. Those on it Fire Debars, and the pocket map of the same tu >t • distance wishing to procure ^ can do ao by sending b, their ■n-mhe™, “ a soft- t number of them will be kept in Milledgeville durn g ra «onofth.UgiaUtu«. RLToN WELLB0RN , uly 31 ORANGE GREEN. WANTED TO HIRE, ’NT7L the first of January next, A jSTEwAy WOMAN of good character, one who under- d. howetiorE For further particulars apply at this septlo it GEORGIA* Henry county* ¥ / €THEREAS Richard T. Sappinglon applies to me ▼ v for letters of Administration on the estate of Da vid M. Stewart, late of said county, deceased: These are therefore to cite and admonish all and singu lar, the kindred and creditors cf said deceased, to be and appear at my office within the time prescribed by law, to shew cause, if any they have, why said letters should not be granted. Given under my hard, this 15th day of September, 1830. , GUY YV. SMITH, D. c c. o. Sept 25 12 5t GEORGIA, Dooly county. T HF. kindred and creditors of Ann Faircioth, late of said county, deceased, are hereby notified that Ed win Mercer and Caleb Fairclotb, have applied to me for letters of Administration, debonis non, on the estate of Gabriel P. R. Fairclotb, late of said county, decayed; and unless objections be filed in terms of the law, said letters will be granted at the sitting of the Inferior Court lor Or dinary purposes the first Vionda; in November next. Given under tny hand 14th August, 1830. THOMAS H. KEY, c. c. •. Sept 18 li 5t GEORGIA, Dooly county. W HEREAS, John Warren applies to me for letters of Administration on the estate of Sarah Paine, late of said county, deceased: These are therefore to cite and admonish all the kin dred and creditors of said deceased to be and appear at my office, within the time prescribed by law, to shew cause, if any they hare, why said letters should not be granted. Given under my band this 23d August, 1830. THOMAS H. KEY, c. c. o. September 4 ® POETRY. MARSEILLES HYMN OF LIBERTY. Ye sons of freedom, wake to glory! _ Hark! Hark! what myriads bid you rise! Your children, Wives and Gr&ndsires hoary, Bchck their tears and hear their cries, Shall hateful tyrants, mischiefs breeding, With hireling hosts, a ruffian band, Affright and desolate the land, While peace and liberty lie bleeding? To arms! to arms! ye brave! Th’ avenging sword unsheath: March on, march on, all hearts resolv’d, On victory or death. Now-, now, the dangerous storm is rolling, Y\ hich treachei ous kings confederate raise. The dogs of war, let loose, ate howling, And lo ! our fields and cities blaze. And shall we basely view the ruin, YVhile lawless force with guilty stride, Spreads desolation far and w ide, With crimes and blood his hands imbruing? To arms! to arm! ye brave, &c. With luxury and pride surrounded, The vile insatiate despots dare, Their thirst of power and gold unbounded, To mete and vend the light and air. Like beasts of burden would they load us, Like gods would bid their slaves aiore, But mu a \z man, and who is more ? Then sfca’i they longer lash and goad is? To arms * to arms I ye brave, Sue. Oh, Liberty, can man resign thee, Once havmg felt thy generous flame ? Can dungeons, bons, confine thee ? Or whips thy noble spirit tame ? Too long the world has wept, bewailing That falsehood’s dagger tyrants wield, But freedom is our sword and shield, And ill their arts are unavailing. To arms ! to arms ! ye bravi, &c. F OUR months after date application will be made to tbe honorable the Inferior Court of the county of Newton, while sitting for ordinary purposes for leave to sell the whole of the real estate belonging lo the estate of Reuben B. Neal, late of Newton county, deceased. JONATHAN C. MACKEY, Adm’r. September 25 4b FROM THE PHILADELPHIAN. ACCOUNT OF SANGAMON COUNTY, ILLINOIS. Contained in a letter from the Rev- John G Ber gen, dated Springfield, Illinois, Jan. Is!, 1830, and addressed to Air. David B Ayres of Kensington, near Philadelphia Dear Sir,—Y nr i *<t.-r was received on tbe 28th ult. It asks of me information on many points relative to this section of oor country, and l perceive that my answer may have an important bearing on the future movements of the respectable association in whose behalf you have written. This placet' me in a delicate and respon-ible situation. We are pleased with the country &c. and have been 90 from the first. But what is the pleasure of one may oe tiie bane oi another. VVnea I speak ot the country, i desire always to be understood as speaking of what is called the Sangamon ccun ty, »ay one hundred miles square, It is so calied from a river of that name, which runs .hrough it aud empties into the Illinois on its south side. It lies in the centre of this State, than which lew States are better watered and perhaps none larger in territory. Ail the maps of it made ten years ago and somewhat later, arc very inaccurate. It has the great Wabash on the east, the Ohio on the south, the noble Missisippi, the father of rivers, on the west, and on the north, it joins the great lakes. A canal has been surveyed and located the au tumn past, and no doubt its excavation will be gin next season, to join the waters oflake Mi chigan with those ot the Illinois, a river which runs nearly through the centre of the state westward, The nothern part of this State em braces the vast mining country, where within a few years, hundreds have made their fort unes. The county of Sangamon, of which Spring- field is the seat of justice, is watered by many streams, Claire’s, Rock, Richland, Prairie, Sp r ing, Lick, Sugar, Horse, Wolf, Fancy, Sail Creeks, and many others which empty in the Sangamon, which runs within five miles of this town. Two thousand dollars expended m clearing the falling timber from this stream, will make it navigable for steamboats; and this appropriation has been made by the Legisla ture. As sooq as the concerns of the State Bank wind up, and this must he done in less than two years, there will be a surplus revenu above the expenditures of the State, of more than twenty thousand dollars, which by an en lightened Legislature may and will be appro priated for internal improvements. There is now the sum of sixty thousand dollars in the treasury, having accrued from the sale of semi nary lands, as they arc* called, which were lo cated by the government and designated in perpetua for a State Uuiversity. As soon as the remaining township *ihal be sold the turn will be" increased to ^100 000 About hall the revenue, of this State is derived from non residents, men who owu large tracts of land, the taxes of which go into the State Treasury. Our county taxes are mostly expended in each county, in building court houses, bridges, &c. Twelve years ago the red man of the forest dwelt here; now the last trace of him is not visible in these parts. This county is the lar gest aad contains more than 10,000 inhabi tants. Springfield is within a few miles of the geographical centre of the State. As yet it is mostly a log house town, as of course all new towns must be; but the cabin structure is giv ing place to frame aud brick. It is laid oat on a large plan. Its improvement was grert during the past year, and the coming, it will advance with greater speed and better quality. Two meeting houses are under way, a Presby terian and Methodist. The Commissioners’ Court have ordered a brick-house to be built next summer. Proposals are now receiving for the job. Our population in town, is, say six hundred. Such a stream of population as rolls into this country, I may venture to say you have never seen. The hunting class of settlers, and those who do not owu the soil, is rapidly giving way to an industtious, sober, en terprising, religious class of people. It is a general remark, to which I accord, that no new country has beeo settled by a better class of citizens than this, since tbe days of our puritan fathers. To this town ttade comes from 20 to 60 miles. We have six principal mercantile houses. They sell mostly for cash and to a great amount. Their advance over the Atlan- tic prices has been much greater than it now ts. Competition has brought it down and ought to do it more. Now it is on an aver age 20 per cent, over your retail prices.— Here you may get all the productions of the Eastern and middle States, of the West and East Indies. New Orleans is of course the great Mart, and the Mississippi the great high way. Steam has done every thing for this vast valley of more than three thousand miles in extent. Canals are intersecting it in all di rections and the great national road is binding it to the sea shore. Distance becomes com paratively annihilated The most distant ex tremes are brought close to the centre Our trade is mostly with St Louis, a town which in a few years past has taken a prodigious start. There our merchants purchase their goods, and thither send onrproduce. This transpor tation is mostly done by heavy ox teams, which carry from thirty to fifty hundred. The dis tance is somewhat less than 100 miles, and the price is fifty cents a hundred during at least two thirds of the year, and rarely goes over sevemy-nve cents. I shall endeavor to answer your questions promiscuously as they come in my way. One point I desire to put prominently before you, and the reason for it is. the almost universal misconception of it in the East As a genera! case, and almost invariably throughout all this region, the prairies are the highest land. All our timber stands on the water courses, from the heads to their mouths. They head in the prairies. Their depth of timber i3 from one to lour and more miles across. Between tim ber strips of laud, tbe prairies are found, from one to ten miles wide. You may choose your location as you please. My opinion has changed since I have been here. It appeared to me at first best to lo cate in a prairie not over two miles wide. On such a prairie most of my relatives have set tled. You will be surprised to see on many such prairies, the farms already joining each other entirely across- There they must soon have, as in the east, private pastures and med- ows. But let the farmer settle on a point of tim>berland, or on a wide prarie, and he wil, have a vast range for his cattle in the summer, and for the gathering his hay for winter. You must not conceive that our prairies lie like your bottom lands on the Susquehannah, Del aware, Raritan, Hudson, Connecticut, 4*c. No. There lie our timber regions. This is the low land of the country. Between these are our praries which is our tillage land. A- long the edges of the timber strips our settle oieuts are made. In passing from our prairies to the water courses you invariably descend cliffs from fifteen to twenty feet. So that our arable lands are at these heights above the wa ter courses. They are perfectly ventilated and are and must be healthy. A gentleman of large property who removed his family into this town not long since, spent last evening with me. He has lived a number of year.' in Ohio, and travelled through most of the west ern and southern States, and some of the north ern. He affirms that in his opinion this is the most inviting portion he has seen. And be has acted accordingly. Two of our Physicians, one having received his education in New- Yorkand the other in Philadelphia, and both having been in this country about ten years, agree in stating that these parts arc as heahhy as any other in the west. Even in the first settling of it, the emigrants here did not suffer so much with sickness as they did who first felled the timbers of Kentucky, Oio, and New- York. We have now been here more than a year, and in a population of more than one thousand, there have been only six deaths.— One of these was an old man who died with many infirmities, and two of them were infant chmren. Tbe only one which died of what might be called a fever of this country was a daughter, shall 1 say of a fatalist, who did not believe in means, and the child was struck dead before a physician was called, and died before any body knew she was sick. Consider how the first emigrants came here.— There were no roads, no bridges, no houses of entertainment. Tney had no shelter on the road but their wagons or tents. They en camped in the open air every night, and swam the creeks on their passage. When they ar rived at their destination they had no bouses to shelter them, till they felled green logs, and covered them with green boards, and floored them with green logs split in two, and filled the crevices with mud. This often was in the cold season of the year Then they had to make their farm;—to plow and plant in its season. Their workiug cattle, horses or oxen, were in the prairies. Th'itber by the dawn of day they had to go in search of them, and of ten would spend hours to fiod them, wading through the luxuriant grass, which would wet them with the dew to their necks. Then in the burning suu, without a change of garments, they had to pursue their toil, and to toil hard. Their provisions were of the coarsest kind and scarce. Whether it was hot or cold, wet or dry, they had to endure all with the very worst accommodations. Now ifany man will consider these things and the half is not told, he will cease to wonder if they were sick: the wonder with me is that there was not more sickness. But these scenes are all changed m these parts, or rather the very occasion of them is gone by. Tbe soil on all these prairies is a black loam; when wet it 19 as black as a hat. It is from eighteen inches to three feet in depth. Thou sands of farms can be made on this, perhaps the richest and most productive soil in (he world, without the stroke of an axe or grub bing hoe to clear the land. It is ready for the plowshare. Will you believe me when 1 tell you th© truth? So 1 speak, because it will ap pear incredible. If you plant your corn in rows on tbe bottom of furrows, as it breaks up the prairie for the first time, and cover it with your next furrow, you may as hundreds have done, gather from thirty to eighty bushels per acre, without another stroke of tbe plow har row or hoe. Well cultivated farms yrcld from fifty to one hundred bushels of coru per acre, and other grains in like propotion. Oar latitude is on a parallel with yours You have, however, as they do throughout New-Jersey, hotter and colder days than we have. Our farmers raise all the cotton they consume. Sweet potatoes flourish well. The most abundant productions aro maize, cr Indi an corn, wheat, rye, oats, and potatoes, with a little labor and no manure. Fields which have been under cultivation ten years, pro duce as well as at first. 1 was on a farm a few months since, made by an emigrant from Mor ris Co., N. J , of 300 acres, inclosed and un der cultivation. He had been in the country about five years. It is doubtless without the tear of contradiction, the greatest grazing country in the United States. You may increase your stock, if you please to anv amount The praircs afford pasture for them in the summer and yield hay for winter to any amount for the trouble of mowing it. You will be surprised when I tetl you that horses are «» high hero as they are in New-Jsrsey. Such is the de mand for them at the mines and in tbe South.- Good cows are from 8 to 10 dollars a head.— Cattle of every description sell for cash Ex perienced farmers, men who are in (he busi ness, tell me, if there were ten thousand cat tle to he had in this country they would bring the cash at your door. The reason is, drovers come in from other states and drive them to market. Hogs bring on your farm from 1 50 to 2 dollars per cwt. alive, and it is no uncom mon thing to see from two to five hundred in a drove, going to the mines of St. Louis, or some other point. Some farmers have 100 head, and many raise 2000 bushels of corn.—- Wheat may be bought from 30 lo 40 cents a bushel. Still we have to pay from four to five dollars a barrel for flour. We have many mills around us; mostly turned by ox or horse power. The want of good water courses for mills is an evil felt iu all the west. But the steam power is remedying it. Here is one of the finest openings for a man of capital to in vest his fuuds in a steam mill. You ask me what kind of timber we have. We have walnut, hickory, sugar maple, oak in all its varieties, which are found in latitudes between 35 and 45; wild cherry, sycamore, ash, white wood or poplar, hn, cotton wood, hac- bury, buckeye, &c. The water is of the lime stone quality. Rock 13 found in this country on all our water courses, but our ploughs aro not impeded by stone on our farms Good wa ter can be had every where by digging from 12 to 30 feet. The common depth is about 15 feet. Stone coal is found in abundance hero and of good quality. From past experience, and from what is now seen every where in the older settlements, we draw the conclusion, without the fear of mistake, that the more the country settles for a long time to come, the more timber there will le; so rapid is the young growth where Hie fire is kept out of the timber. And let the first course of farms be located along the timber regions as th»y are in some parts, and the evil of fires will Le= remedied. The price of land unimproved is- ^ 1 25 per acre. Improved lands can be bad for that sum and the improvements fairly ra ted. And yet there is not much improvement, in building. Mechanics who have well learn ed their trades, are greatly needed. Indiffer ent as their workmanship is, their charges are higner tuan in your cities. This is the great reason why many of them are idle halt their tune. The farmer cannot afford to build at this rate. Nor'will any man do it except from necessity. We want more public spirit, moro men of enterprize and industry; who are wil ling to work all the lime, and at moderate wa ges. Carpenters, masons, tanners, coopers, carriage makers, blacksmiths, &lc, are wanted; and as the country grows their bu.Mness will in crease. The almost universal mode of trav elling on horseback, which in a broken timbei land is quite indispensable, is here but hula* practised. This is the finest country for wheel carriages in the Union. For a large part of the year our roadi are incomparably superior to most of our Eastern turnpikes. Mechanics coming to this country should purchase their tools at Wheeling P*.uburg. o; Cincinnati. A Good saddler would meet with, encouragement. A good watch repairer is now needed. Our shoemakers are ftonig well and might be increased. Let the stock be laid in on your side of the Alleghany A good tailor would be encouraged at moderate prices. We have to pay six or seven dollars for the making of a coat. Teachers for schools are not so much encouraged but great ly needed. Their compensation is from 150 to 200 dollars per year. In this place we have one female school, which is sufficient for us. Labor for farms can be hod for ten dollars per month without much difficulty, but for do mestic purposes with difficulty The articles of merchandise most demanded are the domestic fabrics of our country, cotton of alt kinds, sat- tinets, cheap cloths, calicoes, and such articles as are comonly used by the farming class in tbe eastern states. The most numerous religious denomina tions in thi3 state are, Methodist, Baptist, and Cumberland Presbyterians. Presbyterians of our own denomination are few and far be tween. But our prospects are brightening. A year ago, we bad but seven ministers in the state, now we have fifteen. We have had but one presbytery, this year we shall have two.- We are now attached to the synod of Indiana, but at our next meeting we shall agree to form a new one. Pious and talented laymen, can aid in tbe cause of religion here in aU the Ways they can in the ea9t, and can exert a more needed and wider influence. Emigration to this state is principally from Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, and Indiana,-— In conclusion 1 may observe, it is no uncom mon occurrence to find families here who five vearsago were worth little hut a few movea bles, and had to borrow money to enter their