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4 ►Hit G. POLHILL, EDITOR. TBS FEDERAL UNION iblislied every Saturday at i«Rti dollars per an- in advance, or Four if not paid before the end of ti„ The Office is on Wayne-Street, opposite Ale fas' Tavern. til Advertisements published at the usual rates. Each Citation by the Clerks of the Courts of Or- iry that application has been made for Letters of Ad- inistration, must be published Thirty dats at least [Notice by Executors and Administrators lor Debtors |d Creditors to render in their accounts must be pub'Lh- Six weeks. # • Sales of negroes by Executors and Administrators must __ advertised Sixty days before the di’.y of sale. Sales of personal properly (except of4estit<- tnd intestate estates by Executors and Administrators, lust be advertised Forty days. Applications by Executors, Administrators and Guar- fdians to the court of ordinary for leave to self Land must be published Four months. Applications by Executors and Administrator* for Let ters Uisuitssory, must be published Six months. Applications lor fori closure of Mortgages unreal Es tate must be advertised once a month for Six months. Sales of real estate by Executors, Adminis raiors and Gaardians must be published Sixty days before the day of sale These sales must be made at the court-house . door between the hoirs of 10 in the morning and four in ; the afternoon. No sale from day to day is valid, unless bo expressed in the advertisement. Orders of Court of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy of die bond, or agreement) to n>«ke titles to Land, must be advertised Three months at least. Sheriff’s sales under executions regularly granted by the courts, must be advertised Thirty days. Sheriff’s sales under mortgage executions must be ad vertised Sixty days before the day of sole. Sheriff’s sales of perishable property under order of Court must be advertised generally Ten dats. All i*R‘DERsfor Ad•erlisemcnts will be punctually at tended to. All Letters directed to the "flice, or the Editor, must be poll-paid to entitle them to attention. We are requested to say, that Mr. CM A ill. ES D. HAMMOND, is a candidate for re-election to the Office of Receiver of Tax Returns, for the county of Baldwin, at the next election. Oct. 15. 1’5 POETRY. [ffcK THE FEDERAL UNION.] •Vr Editor.- he following lines written by Mr. L. I,. ' i s. n, oi -iontieellu, has once been published, and dis- obiys uf ieii*.t * talent for poetry—and may serve to oecu. J>J a place *•: yj ir “poetic cornor.” - MICLEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 4, ISS0. penitentiary. W' STUBBS, Esq. as o candidate for T;ix Collector for Baldwin county, at the Election in January next. October 30 17 *f W !. arc requested to announce the name ol 't «LL- I\\l 1» SCOGGIN, Esq as a candidate, for Sheriff of Baldwin county at the next election for county | offit Not ember fi A CARD. -Til IE friends of the sub.-enher wlio hold subscription ' JL lists fur the Georgia Christian Repertory, are te- ftfc} ues led to forward l.iem immediately by mu I or^ other .[wise. .Macon, November 2 IS^O G. CAPERS. 19 GARDE2I SEED. L FRESH supply of thorium's Utrilen Seed jifst re- i' reived by '<tli.'iig<‘villc, Nov 13 L. PERKINS. 19 GB&&T BARGAIN. i \ TII.L be sold, at public suction, in the town of Milledgf ville, on WEDNESDAY, tbe 29 Ii of Dec. mber next, the Public House and Lot in said town, too "1 ■t _ WITH A C -.SlUeUABLE QUANTITY OF House and Kitchen Furniture. It i.. too w l! known to nee 1 description, and person* : vvis •!;>? t<> purchase, are requested to call and examine * the premises. Abo, the corner STORE fa LOT in said town, pi'tCT at present occupied by Tucker, &■ Co. and Billy iMlfiflriVootlhff, tbe Barber. i Also, the HOUSE and LOT at present occupied by Mr. Homer V. Howard, in said town. SEABORN JONES. November 20 20 NOTICE. fM^HE subscriber now ofl' rs l.is LANDS and PLAN. M. TATI ON in Bibb county, 2 1-2 miles above Ma con for sale, which areas follows: 800 acres, 300 oi which are cleared and very productive, lying on the East side of the Ocmulgee above tbe town, directly on the riv er. Any person wishing to purchase, would do well to come and view the premises, as I flatter myself, but few if any more desirable’plantations are in tbe vicinity of Ma con, und a very good Fishery is on the same; the Lands are well timbered, the plantation is under good repairs, with convenient cabins and Gin House, with many fruit tiees, and no tract of Land in the state Is betur ivatered. , LUKL liOob. 19 2m Macon, Mov 3 res. SALE, .Veal Plain of the Cherokee Country, S HEW ING the Districts, water courses, &c. accurate ly copied from an original made by the Surveyor ■ General from surveys and the most authentic infonno- * lion that could be obtained. 82 00 for large Maps and 81 00 for small Plans.—Enq -ire at the State-House. BENJAMIN H., STURGES. November 20 20 4t PENITENTIARY. T HE Board of Inspectors of the Penitentiary, will re ceive Sealed Proposals until Tuesday the 7th day ,of December next, for furnishing the Guard and Convicts 'iiATxesfs ron the yeah is3i. Tbe ration of tne Guard to consist of IB dunces ol flour X>r 20 ounces of corn meal sifted; 12 ounces of pork; 8 ounces of bacon or 20 ounces of beef; one gill of spirits per day; 4 pounds of hard stjnp; 2 quarts of vinegar and 14 pounds of candles—and when salt provisions are issu, ed, 2 quarts of salt for every 100 rations, and 4 quarts when fresh meat is issued. The ration of the Convicts are 22 ounces of corn meal, sifted; 12 ounces of pork; Boun ces of bacen or 1 pound of beef, per day; soap, salt and viiit' , ar, same as the Guard, and for six months in the year, as may be ordered by the Physician, one pint of mo lasses each per week. When fresh beef is issued as ra tions, bacon or salt pork shall be issued twice in each week during the time. . , . . Sealed Proposals will also be received unUt the same time for furnishing the Penitentiary with COAL for the year ! 831. . , Bond and security will be required, and the securities pr :p >sed must be named in the proposals. The usual ad vances will be made. By order of the Board of Inspectors. 3 JOHN MILLF.R, Secretary. 17 6t Millcdreville, Oct ?0. 1830 NOTICE. SH \LL on the first Monday in January next, at the Inferior Court then held in the county of New- —nironniitifvfltifin tn 9iud f.rinrf ltv, R“nry” Turner, Moses, Tilman and Cooty—which s^id negroes belong to the estate of Reuben B. ea t a e df Newton county, deceased. - , JONATHAN C. MACKEY, Adm r. September 25 . nrt * O! wei e I in some desert woods, F^r fr^mthe haunts of men— Tbe sighing of tbe lonely breeze, In some sequester’d glenn! And there securely underneaib,- Some lone and spreading tree—r Remote f~ iru al! the u or!a of strife, Awny from al! I’d he. Thu Ion’ly ripling of some'{ream, 7'hai flow’d-incanderii.g tiv—. A "liady ! ice all on its hanks, As underneath I’d lie. I’d have n>v poles and hurstofish, And guns to shoot the game— I would not give n fig for care,- Nor not a cent for gain. I’d rove the woods a nd shoot a Bear, And strip him of his =kin— Then make tm self u suit of clothes, And benrd upon my chin. ' U hen I was dry I’d slake my thirst, All in this little strdam— Nor would it scare me quite to death, To hear the Panther’s scream! I’d build a fi re by some log, And throw my meat thereon— And when I thought it broil’d enough, I’d eat it right or wrong! TVh* n night came on, I’d lay me down, Beneath this spreading tree— And sleep profoundly all aionc, As with myself and me! IVhrn morning broke and sol arose, With his resplendent beams— I’d rise as one with cheerful mind, <- As one from pleasant dreams. The potnp of life, the noise of men, 1 would no longer crave— Nor bear the spurns I’ve often had, From some insulting knave. In winter’s cold my bear skin suit, VVould shield toe from the storm, When dreary winds and piercing cold, The lonely moods deform. The winter would ere long pass by, The summer breezes blow— I would put off my tvar skin suit, And naked I would go. And thus like Crusoe I’d sojourn, *.Niid these umbrageous shades— As rolling years went round and round, OeY these sequester’d glades. And when the Lord saw fit, that I .Should q ut this lonesome place, I’d l’iy me doo n content and die— And none deplore my case! —’.oooooo:— From a Correspondent of the Times. The following regnhtrly authenticated an- nerdole ought not to remain buried in obliv ion. A gentleman who had held the commis sion offirct Lieutenant when his Majesty soil ed in the British navy as midshipman, and Sir Richard Keats held the sdme rank, became some years afterwardsJav untoward events em barrassed in his circumstances His Majesty meeting his old Lieut, then become Oapt. and seeing him much dejected, inquired anx iously the cause, which was after some hes itation, communicated to him. He wasdeeply hurt at seeing an old shipmate in distress, and inquired if he had applied to a wealthy reltt- live^for his assistance? The Captain told him he had hut was refused, and upon hearing which he said, “I will solicit a loan of him for you.** This he did, and his Royal Highness was as unsuccessful as his friend. Disappoint ed by the rich man's refusal, hut determined to carry Ids point, he sent the Capt an Invita tion to breakfast, which being concluded, his Majesty withdrew from the apartment, and did not return, but he sent by his secretary an n- pology to the Captain, and, in it an enveloped check upon bis hanker, for /622.000, which amount it was subsequently discovered be had borrowed for the purpose, having no mon ey of bis own then at his command. The Captain delighted and surprised hastened to discharge with this princely consideration the obligation^ incurred and shortly waited upon his lloyal Highness with his greatful acknowl edgements, and a bond for the advance. Up on the latter being given to his Majesty, ho in stantly destroyed it, saying, “I cannot hold this instrument, George; for I intended this check as a present to your wife and children.” Irish mode of Challenging a Jury.--An Irish olficer, not very conversant in Law terms, was lately tried for an assault, As the Jury were coming to be sworn, the Judge, addressing the Major, told him if there were any amongst (hem to whom he had any objection that was the time to challenge them. “I thank your Lordship,” said the gallant prisoner, “but with your Lordships permission I’ll defer that ceremony till after my trial; and if they dont acquit me, by the Piper of Leinister, I’ll chah lengeevery mother’s son of them, and have them out too. 1 ' Secession.—The people of the counties of Preston, Monongahela, Tyler, Ohio, and Brooke, with'halfof (lie counties of Harrison and Woode in the North Western corner of Virginia, appear to he seriously bent upon se- cecding from the ancient Dominion, and uni ting themselves t.- the State of Maryland Th* y have held public Meetings for the pur pose of petitioning the Legislature to cede their territory to Maryland. The population is about 50.000 sufficient to entitle it to a member of Congress under the new apportion ment.—Fayette. Observer. - ' v The Temperance Cause.—At ti meeting of ti e Executive committee of the Fayetteville Temperance Society, on Saturday evening last, it was resolved to..appoint a Delegation cf three members to attend the Meeting at Raleigh on the I5ih of December, for the pur pose ol forming a State Society. Judge Pot ter. D A. Davis, Esq. and Mr. W. Whitehead were appointed with power, to hil any vacan cy in their body.—Fayette. Observer. Knowing that, pubiiriifotire tite puu.iMituure in ibeaffair * of®»r Penitentiary «r« specters. The* shew U* f9 om *** Uee . w »d> the Report of the In- lions. Ite H»tenililpUliSreaSilM »(L2 ^ 10 a A 00 * 8ttfte « 10 •*» *>**»! <>1***- spectors. that it is tohe e R**** l,,re . e "*etoient. We think with the In- for the proposed ye* r wtw »°t sufficient REPORT XJF, THfc tJOMjjiTTFF. . The Joint standing Ctrr.rnittee hive had under their consider- Gons the interests ot tht Institution, pecuniary and moral. The Committee are not aware that it is now necessary to enter folly into the question, whether Peuilentiary punishment under proper regulations, is suited to tfie prevention of crime, and tbe reform ation of offenders. They bok upon the question as settled. The experiment in other States, and the refusal of tire General Assem bly to substitute any otl»e» mode of punishment, (though fre quently urged thereto) is prvof conclusive that this I ns! itulion, is well adapted to the great ends of punishment, if built upon proper principles. It were uneasy matter to call up to the minds of the Legislature, reasons nunerous and irrefutable in fivor of the Penitentiary System—but the committee confine themselves, upon this occasion, to (he WGrk of reform in the Penitentiary, rather than to the defence of it as a system. It is acknowledged on all hands, that without reform, our system had better he spee dily dispensed with: this has been the opinion of its friends for years back, and hence their efforts have been directed assiduously *. ! object. To effect saintarv reforms, in punishment and discipline, and pecuniary management, the act ol Hie Legislature in 1829. was passed, by which $5,000 was appropriated to carry into effect its provisions. It was believed according to estimates then furnished,* that this suru would be adequate to carry into effect the proviaons of the act—and was hoped by this lime that the erection of cells for solitary confinement, and the solitary im prisonment of tkc convicts, would have exhibited the Institution in a course of experiment which would Very soon have lested its utliny. In these expectations the public have been disappointed ; the Institution remains as it was, and the act of 1829 remains thus far perfectly inoperative. It is a source of much regret, that the appropriation-of the las* year, was not large enough to have enabled the Inspectors to carry the law into effect mainly be cause, the continuance of the Institution it is believed, depends upon the results of the improvements therein contemplated — The reasons tvhy the Board of Inspectors did not feel it ’.heir duty to commence improvements under the act cf the last Legis lature, are detailed at length, in the thiid quarterly report of the board, herewith communicated, und whicK *>» inli/.n a« « p»»i ot this report. Ii appears that the surn of $5 000 u not enough to purchase the material necessary for the erection of cells and workshops, as contemplated by the act of 1P29, and that >-um ac cording to the report falls.short, of the amount necessary to carry into effect its provisions by $2991. The committee believe that the reasons, urged for not attempting to fulfil the provisions of that act by the Inspectors, are forcible, and the board acted wisely in not attempting it. The first question submitted therefore, to the committee, is, whether an additional sum of money shall be appropriated to en able the board to proceed with the improvements contemplated by the act of the last Gene ral Assembly. Upon this question they cannot wait long for a decision; they believe that an appropria tion is indispensable to have that law carried into effect, ami they also believe the provisions of that act as indispensable to the suc cessful operations of the Penitentiary System of punishment.— If the committee believed that an appropriation would noi be granted they would unhesitatingly recommend the abolition of tbe system forthwith ; for they prefer the savage and unchristian code, of former days, to the demoralising, crime-provoking sys tem of punishment, as it here exists, mis called the Penitentiary.; for it is a place of any thing else, rather than penitence. The committee therefore, respectfully recommend the adoption of the resolution hereunto annexed. As appears from the report ol the Inspectors, they are not now clothed with power by law, for the discipline of the guard. The guard being so essential to the government of ihe Penitentiary, it will strjke every mind, that Legislation upon this subject is necessary, on account of which necessity, the committee respect fully report the annexed bill; in which also is embodied provisions for defraying the expense and prescribing the manner of taking out convicts, for trial upon indictments, or for testifying in any of the courts of this Slate. By means of the reports of the several sub committees, ap pointed to examine into the condition of the several apartments of the Penitentiary, laid before this committee ; they have learn ed that they are superintended with care and ability, and that the work manufactured in the several shops, exhibits neatness, skdl and durability. "No subject connected with the Penitentiary is of so vital tn- terest-to tbe Legislature, a3 its annual receipts and expenditures. It has ever beer a desideratum wiHi the Slate, to make the Insti tution defray its expenses. The State is unwilling to pay from its Treasury, a sum annually to secure *he punishment of the viola tors of its laws—over and above the expense necessarily incident to their conviction. -- - - Since! he passage of the law, changing the manner of appoint ing officers in 1828, the Institution has paid all expenses, and netted a small amount of profit ; the present year up to the end of the third quarter, presents an amount of $552 in favor of tbe Institution ; and the fourth quarter it is thought will increase that to the sum of one thousand dollars. The report of the Board, as your committee believe, presents a fair, candid and able exposition of the pecuniary standing of the Penitentiary. And from the best investigation the committee can give the matter, the facts are truly stated, the calculations correctly made ; and the conclusions legitimately drawn. The Committece have examined the reports of the Inspectors for the last quarter of the year T829—aqil for the three quarters of 1830, and from their accounts have m&deout a general account between the State and the Penitentiary, tor tbe purpose of shew ing how they stand to each other, since the passage of the act of 1828. In this view of tbe subject, the Penitentiary is considered as being in debt to the Stale— . For the stock on hand 1st January 1829. For the nett cash collected from (haold notes and accounts, and used in the prosecution of (he N^’w business. For the amount reported by the Inspectors as profits for the year 1829, and here it is seen by the Inspectors’ reports that the amount of debts reported as being due by the Institution at the end of the year 1829, was too small by $91 10 owing as is under stood to the circumstance that in the organization, of the new system before it was perfected, several smalt purchases were made and not reported. This sum therefore becomes a charge upon the profits of that year. The profits of year are therefore reduced from $1048 91 to $957 81. It vyas also in debt to the State for the amount reported by the Inspectors as profi^&up tnSept 30th of this year. On the other hand, to meet these debts k had -on 30th Sept, the following means. I® w it!. The remainder of notes due to it on the business of 1829. The remainder of notes and accounts due to it ob the business of 1830; after paying all debts. The stock on hand 30th Sept. 1830, end the cash at that time in hand—Which items stated is due farm stead this. * Nat by the Iiupeetorsv VOLUME l, NUMBER SR. 'the Penitentiary in account For stock on hand Jan. 1st _, *820, #8,494 95 For nett amount collected from oId business, and used in the new, la the year 1829, i2,ffS 46 For do. ' do. do. up to 30th Sept. 1830. §_610 12 For profits 1829, as report ed, 957 8] 27,835 75 voith the State of Georgia. Cr. By Balance due Penitentiary on the business of 1829, 8,434 94 By amount of notes and ac counts due Penitentiary on business from Jan. 1. to 34 Sept. 1830, 12,164 09 Deduct am’nt duo " by Penitentiary in same time, 5,824 ft 8,339 35 8,339 3d Sept.' l&te,^-- ”**•■» „ Bycash dn band 30th Sept- 1830, .855 01 I #27,838 ft inns it will nppenr by the foregoing statement, that for th® year 1829, and up to SOth Sept. 1830, the Institution has not fallen debtor to the State, and that its pecuniary interests have been in no wise neglected by the officers who have had since 1828 the management of it. The committee are fully convinc ed, that the experience of the last 13 months, proves one impor tant fact at least : that is, that tbe Penitentiary is competent to ils own support if properly managed^ Resolved, That the sum of three thousand dollars be, and the same is hereby appropriated out of any money in the Treasury, not otherwise disposed of, for the purpose of carrying into effect the act of the General Assembly of 1829—according to the pro- visions oi said act, entitled an act for changing the manner of furnishing criminals In the Penitentiary, and for (he better regu- tiary buildings and for applying the money appropnateci* > for , ftftl support of the Penitentiary for the year 1829, the repairs acc| alterations in the Penitentiary herein contemplated, and that this resolution be inserted in the appropriation act. REPORT Of the Inspectors of the Penitentiary of the State of Georgies for the 3d quarter of 18 30, ending 30/h Sepietnber. OF I'Hli OFFICERS AND GUARD The officers of the lasiit ution are, as slated in the Report far the 1st quarter of this yenr viz,— per guar. & cortk Philip Cook, Principal Keeper—Receiving $359 50 R. H L. Buchanan. Book Keeper, d<>. 150 00 H. P Humphrey, Assistant. Keeper do. 150 00 Jas M Rail, * do. do. 150 00 A, II McNeill, do. do. 150 00 M.flt.1, Oulluollufj Olvik *«■« C. J Poine, Physician, 75 00 The guard is composed of R Musseiwjhite, first Sergeant, if* the pay of $G0 pr quarter—John Bayne, 2d Sergeant, $51, and 12 men each receiving $3G per quarter. On the fidelity of the guard depends in • great measure the safo^ ty, not only of the lives of the officers, hut alsqof the property of the State, connected with the Institution The Inspectors ealt the attention of the Geueral Assembly to the powers vested in them for the punishment of infidelity in the guard. This is done because in onr* instance, occurring during the quarter, of flagrant violation of duty by one of tbe guard, sentence of imprisonment, withholding of rations in part, and forfeiture of pay altogether, was passed upon the delinquent, under the aulhority they believed they derived from tbe first section of the act of 1819, amendatory of the laws regulating the internal police of the Penitentiary; (Prince 389 ) Competent A ftorneys have expressed the opinion to the inspectors, that the law referred to would not warrant the proceeding had under *t neither could on susta:ned under the 3il section of the-same act (Prince 389). If these opinions be cor rect, the Inspectors are left witheUt remedy in any point of the very first importance to fhe welfare acd safety of the Institution. Should the same views betaken by tbe General Assembly, the in dispensable [necessity] of Legislation oo the subject Will be obvi ous. . OF THE CONVICTS. Tbe statement of the Principal Keeper accompanying this re port, shows the number, names, crimes, and occupation of the con victs on the last day of the quarter September 30—arranged ac cording to the crimes for which they are suffering punishment, there are. Dec. -31, March 31, Jnr.e 30, Sepi. 30, _ 1829. 1830. 1830, 1830* For Rape* 5 5 6 5 Manslaughter 9 9 10 9 - Assault to kill 4 1 1 . 1 Forgery 9 7 7 . 7 Burglary 9 9 10 9 Burglary and Larceny 0 '3 3 3 Larceny 12 - 10 10 * u Altering Bank Note 0 1 1 1 Counterfeiting 5 6 6. • N»“gro Stealing ~ 5 -5 4 4 Inveigling Siaves 3 3 - 3 3 Horse Stealing 18 23 ' 26 - 26 Cow Stealing 3 2 * 1 - 1 Vagrancy 2 2 2 2 Misdemeanor 3 3 3 9 Pass’? counterfeit money 3 3 3 3 Perjury 1 1 1 . 1 Aiding escape from Pen. 1 r 1 1 92 94 97 96 Among the convicts there is one female, the only instance tbrt has occurred in many years. According to their occupation * they stand as follows. Dec. 31, March 31, June 30, Sept. 30, 1830. 1830. 1830. - 1830. Blacksmiths 15 15 16 15 Wagon Makers 10 * 11 10 11 Carriage Makers and - 5 Trimmers 8 8 9 8 Harness Makers 8 7 -7 V - Shoe Makers 7 5 7 7 Tailor 9 10 9 9 9 Shop Joiners and Cabi net Makers 7 10 11 11 Painters 6 6 6 6 2 1 2 1 3 1 9 9 1 0 0 9 4 1 3 4 Coopers Spinning Machine makers Chair Makers ii in Makers Turners Weavers -Spinners Rough Chopper# Hospital Waiters Cooks Washers Invalid House Cleaners Scavengers < Seamstress Convicts—June 30,1830. Received during the quarter Discharged on expiration of service (Cen/innrd on Zdjxsge.j 4“ 9 y 0 2 5 1 9 3 t O 0 2 6 1 3 1 1 - 1 • Jfe 1 1 1 * l 3 ' 2 2 . i 0 l 1 2s 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 r - 1 - aw—-> • 92 ~ r 94 97 96 . - 97 2—99 9 : dr