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the: federal. i f JOHN G. POLilILL & JO IN A. CUTHBERT, EDITORS. MIL.LEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA, THURSO AT, MAY 26, 1831. VOLUME .1, iM MBLL 46. ;cj> THE FEDERAL UNION ,s published every Tlmrs u-., at Tmkef. d ■ lars p r m»!>*jt>, in .d- Vatice, or Four if f.ut t »aid before ihe«*n»t of i : -< . <u Tbc Office i*. on iVuyne-Street;-opposite McCombs Ta f*VN. ,W Ail \overtmkmcnts publish'd at the usual rates. iCH* Eaeli Citation by the Clercs of the Courts of Or dinary that .ippticji'.ijii has be*-n made f.r Letter* of Ad- minigtralioafiRtist be piil»iiah«<i Thirtt day* at ieast. Notice by Exeeutors and Administrators for Debtors •od Creditors to render is their accounts must be publish ed MX'VEERS. Sties of nannies by Executors and Administrators mast he advertised Sixty days before the day of s :le. Sales jf personal property (except negroes) of testate and intestate esliteshv Ex-ca'ors and Aduiinistntiors. tn ist be advertised Forty days. No sale from uay to day is valid, unless so express*.d'ib the advertis- ment. Applications by Ex Tutors Administrators, and Guar- dia-4*. to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell Land must be published roup, months. Applic tii >ns for F j reel os'ire of dortgages on Real Es tate mut be advertised once a month for six month*. ^tea jf Ileal Estute by Executors, A laiiuistrdtortf and C »ar Ji ms mast be published sixty days before the day of " ile These sal s must be made at the Court House do * aetureeo the hours of 10 in the morning and 4 in the Afternoon. *>nJ. 'i of Co irt if Ordinary, (accompanied with a co py .f.he bond, or agreement) t-o make tides to Land, Mail ie advertised Three months at least. •> i ' i'f <il?s undrr ex cuti mis regularly grantedby %■ ' »iirt-. must be advertis< d Thirty days- i . f’s s .les inder nortgaxe executions must be ad vert s..d Sixty days .lciare theda\ ofsole. s.u-rilT’s s ile» if perishable property under order of Court mult be advertised generally I en dats. V* i Iroers for \l ertisements will be punctually at tended to. . ♦ ,+ VII Letters directed ti'heoffice, or the Editor, must he.u*«< paid in entitle ♦'hem •'» lent ion* foreign. DEBATE ON REFORM. House or lords 27th March.—Lord Warn clifli Having moved for certain population re turns, introduced his motion with a lopg and powerful speech against the contemplated re form in Parliament He was answered by Lord Durham and Lord Plunkett. In this stage 51 the debate Li»rd Brougham took the floor." The Lord Chancellor—-I owe no lit. tie?, apology to your lordships for troubling you with any further discussion of this sub ject under tile existing circumstances at this late hour of. the mgbt but I still more owe an apology to my “Noble aqd Learned Friend who. preceded me, when I rise to say any thing af ier him, before fherejpeven a shadow of reply to his clear energetic, argumentative, and un answerable speech. But although I agree with the Noble Viscount, who n a great authority on these subjects, amiwith some of those i9fco one describes as the very fouodatioti and cor ner stone ot the men^ire, another of you will tell would be the ruin and total destruction of the constitution: “There are as many plans a- mongst us as there are advocates for refoffn; and yob are all violent in.(be praise of your own theories, and fn the condemnatipnof.lhose put forward by your fellow-refbrmers.” That was the lufe of argument used by Mr Canning, and 8Sed by.him with hig wanted felicity, a gainst the measure of ftMJhn He never Tost vight of an opportunity of applying that princi pal to the measure, whenever it was brought forward in any shape in Parliament, and in^his unqualified andj^onsistent ^position to reform he made great jise of that argument as to the diversity of o|ffnioD9 amonst reformers them selves, and po one at the time felt more the force of lhaf argument than I did. But now the tables are ta|jffiea, and that argument as to con trariety of sentiment and diversity of opinion, cgn be effectually turned against the anti refer mers themselves Upon the present m> asure who spoke alter him, that it is not necessary on the present session to go minutely into the!°^ re f° rm 1 agree with ail my colleagues cor the whol W K are reqiuptuii a .. ua-irit*-. e name of V\ ILL- I \ Vf D SCOGGIN, Ei-q is a candidate for Sheriff of Baldwin county at the next election for county officers. November 6 Practice of Medicine, Surgery, 4’ c - D C: £>R £. T. T-^TTiiOR HAVING located himself in Clinton, Jones county, respectfully tenders bis services to the public in every branch of bis profession 9 45 2 « , J. 1C. EA3.L7, '1C. 2. cUugl(j.v DEjrnai, R ESPECTFULL Y offers his services for a short time to 'lie citizens of Alillcdgeville and its vicinil), in tht ..ii ious branches of the Dental art. His room is at the L .y ay tte llall. Families, if requested, will be Wait ed ri ii thuir residences, in town or country. N. U. — tiis operation will be pertonmd with.little, and fn uijjI instances, without any pain, and always with the best mHieriats. May tt 0 ‘ 44—tf CLASSICAL, SCIKNilt'lO AND ENGLISH ssaaiiVASiir. For the Instruction of Young Ladies. *{ llUO - iN i es t a iiiuily informs P-rents and tiuar- lans, that in consequence of the many appheu- ti >us to enla'rg' his sphere of operations, and disseminate more widely nis system of Education, by admitlinz a grea ter number of pupils in o his Seminary, he has been in duced to engage tne assistance of the Rev. Mr. Adam*, a Glorvy uan of amiability, pieiy and attainments. ’Tis presumed that Dr. Brown’s undivided attention and experience, with ihe assistance of Mr. Adams, Miss Grigg, Miss Clarke, and Mrs. Brown, will ensure more than Comm >n advantages, and guarantee an improvement to the pufBls not to be calculated on under ordinary cir cumstances. Board may be obtained in the family of the Principal, •and in many other respectable families in the Borough. Pupils may-be entered in this term to the close of the year, and charged from the time of their entrance, tail af ter ! his term none can be admitted for less time than a year. That Scottsborocgh is remarkably healthful is an estab lished and well attested fact, and therefore a favorable re treat for children living in sickly regions. M-i-eh ?4 tf A SCHOOL 7TAH71D. A YOUNG MAN who has bon lor several years « mp! ;yed as a Teacher of an English School, would be glad of an engagement. Apply at this office. May 19 45 tf TO MECHANICS. 4^EaLED PROPOSALS will be received by the Ir.fe rior Court of.Baldwin county, until Wednesday the first day of June next, fur Rebuilding the Jail of Baldwin county on the foundation of the former Jail The plan can be seen by an examination of the walls as they mw stand; the new building to be on the same plan and f the same dimensions. The stone and gratings ar>- on the ground, for which the contractor will be ex pected to make a due allowance. The. dimensions *rt •oity-six feet in length by t -enty-eight in width, two siories high, with two rooms on the lower and Ibrtc in the second story, and passage below and above. Bond with approved security will be required. JOHN II W’OOTAN, Clerk March 19 45 *>t PRENEZ GARDE! ERSONs mtsiiig oumn-.os ,.nu t e Corporation of Mdledgeville, are notified that Dr. Lewis J. W. Kraate, is fully empowered to represent the undersign ed, during bis absence from the county. N. B JUHAN, April 14 40 Secretary av LTreasurer. . Nones;, T HE community, p.rhips is not generally informed, that Benjamin H. Sturgcs, Esq. who has long since been soliciting public patronage, for a “.Vew and richly ornamented. Mup” of the State of Georgia, is at this time compiling the same among the Golden Regions of Hall, Habersham, &.c. and that said Map is soon expected to he brought out by a writ of habeas carpus. O. GREEN. ICjP* Editors desirous of “throwing a light little on the subjoc-” will confer a public benefit, by giving the ab ve a few insertions, and undoubtedly receive, as a compensa tion, t richly ornamented Map. O. G. April 28, 1831. 42 A Reward of Ten Dollars M ILL be given lo any person who wilt apprehend my negro Boy, by the name of YORK, and deliver him cither to Duct Charles Badey, lackson, Butts county, Henson _ N. Jackson, Greenville, Meriwether county, Benjamin Peoples, near vlad- on, Morgan county, or lodge him in jail a# that I can ■fe get him. This boy is of a dark complexion, has lost one of bis fore teeth, stout built, about five feet eight incites high—he bad on when he left me an old white fured hat. dark green frock coat, striped pantaloons and a new pair of shoes with brass heels. Said boy left me about fiv. miles or the road from Forsyth to Knoxville, on the 3u Distant. RICHARD BAILEY. March If .44 lm3m • LANKS of all description*, printed to order witl neatnegs and despatch. - B details ot the measure, yet I can in uo way ad mit that it is in any way unbecoming or improp er in mo to take this opportunity of stating my sentiments on the bill generally, and on its par. ticular parts. The noble" Lord who opened the debate, felt himself compelled to admit, in the course of his argument, that the measure was supported-by the petitions of all classes of the community, which came pouring iu upon us iu boundless variety, aud m countless num bers, almost all of them expressing the most ardent desire that your Lordships should stren uousiy support the measure, and speed it to the foot of the throne. No discussion took place upon any of these petitions, without pro tests being lavishly entered against the irregu lar and inconvenient mode of breaking the de bate upon the grand question, and Inttenng it away id conversation discussions It was said, “vviii until an opportunity is given for a regu lar debate upon the bill—wail tii) the moment cou.es for which we pant—stay, (he wishful course of vuiir proceedings, the advent pi which we gladly had, and then we shall be no long, r restrained by the fastidious leelmgv w hich now blight our genius and depress <>ur at dour for debate, bul we shall ru-h down into the arena,and meet you with gladness/' Such has been the language of the opponents of the bdl. but now it appears that another and a very different movement has been made bv these great tacticians. At first they contented themselves with merely throwing out a few skirmishers; then my Nohle Friend gave ins notice of a motion, and then his notice w.,s wi hdrawn More petitions were presented, more conversation took [dace more parhes were indulged in, more complaints ot irregular ity ensued, and more reluctance at the discus >ion was expressed Then.ag io, Nohle Dukc- Noble Earls, and Nohle Barons, entered luto piecemeal conversations; then, again, it was said, wait till a proper day, and keep the least on the least day A few skirmishers, how ver, were again thrown ont, and when it was asked, whydom you change your tactics all of a suii den and thus get out of the jaws of the Iiod. h was answered, “ We will give a notice of m<» tion, and have a debate at once.” The pre sent, therefore, is ao occasion of their own seeking, and the enemies of the measure hav brought forward this question for the view aud purpose of having a premature and incidental discus-ion. Then the cry wa<, Don't be car ried away by an incidental di=cus>i u.” I will ask, what has been done during the whole se* siou but to engage in ider.tai and premature discussions? First, we had the incidental dis- cu.-^iuo upon the timber trade, and then the sub ject of taxes was to be incidentally discussed It should make the hair ot the Noble Viscount stand on end, when he heard that a tax had been debated m that House, before the Chan cellor of the Exchequer had proposed it to the House of Commons. It may be irregular and peculiar lo the present session, and to th pre sent opposition, and to the times in which we live, tint I cannot apply the epithet unprece dented to the course taken by the opponents ot the bill My noble friend gave notice ot a mo tion for the producii.m ot papers and ihe No ble Lord at the head of tht Treasury Bench declared that he had no objection to their tie mg produced Upon thi- my noble friend said, that his motion was to off r an opportunity to discuss t e whole questi n of Parliamentary reform, which he was as anxious to attack ss the other side was lo dolend At last comes the day—the important day—tig with the fate of the Nohle Lord’s important speech — (A laugh)—made to he answerable by his Majesty’s Ministers. After all rbis proud and preparation, I saw the Noble Lord Moving on en echeilon although he had just been in trenched behind ihe Commauder in Chief — The Noble Lord declined the combat, and mov ed off, aided by the light squadrons from the cross benches, until lie had nearly emp i d the House. Ministers thus found them^eives in an awkward situation—such a situation as ii was not usual for Ministers to be placed id They were actually looking out for antagonists.— Their eyes wandered over the House in all quarters to search for opponents, and every here and there they saw only a bush, which led them to think that if the bu^h were well beaten, game might be sprung. The bushes were well beaten, and still no game took wing. Minis ters were reduced to the necessity of fighting shy In this state of tilings, your Lordships "ill not expect m ' to go iuto a liberal discus moii upon the principles of the bill, or to touch upon its details. Where they have been at* tacked they have been successfully defended, it was the coustant, and the taunting argument iu the mouths of the anti-reformers in former years—“We follow a pl#m, straightonward, aud •irect course—our way is uniform and unquai- fied; but as for you, the advocates of relortn. ’ here is no grappling with you ; what one man amongst you will maintain, another gives up; j what one clings to, another attacks; aud what dially and completely, and almost population of the country hav«> adopted it as their fostering care and fond affection They look at it a? a whole measure &, a whole mea, sur they will have it I agree with them in calling for the proposed measure of reform, and for no other. Ail the ret^rmers are now agreed upon that point—They have buried m oblivion their minor differences—they have given up their disagreements and dissensions ,—they have ralied round the measure as a ceo tre ot union, ii not tauntingly objected to them that one class oi them approved of one uieus ure of reform, and another class of a different one—they are all unaoimous for the bill, and the bill only. But while all is thus simple and on one side—on the side, of reform—how do the matters stand in the enemy’s camp? In their argument not merely against reform gene rally, but against this specific measure, will there be found that agreement, that uniformi ty, and that consistency, which were so much vaunted of in the day of Mr Canning? Let your Lorships but just attend for a moment and you will see that the retortners have now changed places with their opponents, and that the charge of diversity and disuuion can now be fully thrown in the leetii of the anti-refor mers: I will just refer, in illustration & in proof, to the speech of my noble friend, who had brought forward this motion tonight. In the course of argument which mv nohle friend a- dopted and in the fair and candid speech which he made. I cannot desire to discover a mo?<? absolute contrast to the doctrines maintainad bv those with whom he is leagued My noble friend admitted, in the course of his address to v »ur Lordships, ‘hat whale vet may have been his former opinions on this subject, aud whate ver may be log feelings or wishes »n the ques tion he could no longer deny the necessity oi reform He admitted that the people of this country had expressed themselves plainly and loudly, and with unprecedented unanimity, m favor of this groat qiieslion Ho allowed that toe Voice of the people had been raised in a p acrable, but he acknowledged, in an irresis- • hle manner for parliamentary reform There : re, my Noble Friend making all those admis sions is obliged (o acknowledge that reform must be granted ; and lo a certain degree tny N tbb Friend must stdl further admit, that not only must reform be granted, but that to yield to that unanimous wish to obey that irresisti Ide voice, and to satisfy the people the reform which is to he granted must not be but of a nom inal, hut of an effectual description. (Hear) At all events, my Noble Friend has admitted the necessity of some measure of reform. But what did the Noble Duke (Wellington) say on this subject? If ever I have heard a declara tion which has more than another mortified me, it is the declaration which has been mad- bv the Noble Duke; it ever I have been more grieved by one thing than another in the c urse of my life, it is by the line of conduct vvhicdi has been taken on this subject by one who ha^- rendered so great services to the country at 'he bead of her armies—who has rendered equally gieat services at the head of the King’s councils—services which I shall be ever for ward to acknowledge, and which., with my la test breast. I shall be most anxious to pro claim—if ever, I repeat I have been mortified and chilled with disiUM'.intment. it was by the declaration which tnat Noble Duke made ai the commencement of th.* present session, oi the subject of reform I had expected, and K had fondly hoped, that that Nohle Duke would have yielded to what he'must h j Ve seen was the general desire of the country, and that with the boldness of a pubic man aud ofa Captain, he would not have hesitated in adopting those m iisures, and pursuing that course, which alone could satisfy the just expectations of the people of this Empire But that fatal decla ration which the Nob% Duke made against all reform, at the commencement of the present session, dissipated all those hopes, and now, after several others have changed their opin ions. and yielded to that tide which they saw it wa9 vam to resist, I have heard that Noble Duke again, with a manly consistency, declare that his opinion remained unchanged. While that Noble Duko saw those who bad hereto, fore stood with him fairly backsliding from the cause—becoming the victims of expediency— and all, one by one, droppiog from his side—to hear that Noble Duke, under such circumstan ces in manly, strong, and honest terms, tell your Lordship that bis opinion remained uo changed on the subject, while the voices of the public had been raised against it—to hear him say that, so far from exciting my astonishment, I may add my admiration,—was exactly what I had expected from that Noble person. I am ready to award its just meed of praise to the Noble Duka’s consistency, but I feel that the Noble Duke may be perfectly consistent, and still be in the wrong. I feel that the Noble Duke may be perfectly consistent himself, and yet that he may not have been able to preserve the consistency of every one else employed for bun. I will warn him that he has mates on board who do not pufl the vessels up the stream; that, stationed at either end, they work in opposite direction; that while there are those with him who are against ail reTorm, and for having things as they are; and who agree with the Noble Duke himself that 'the constitution is a most perfect one, and that if it were lett to them to create it over again, they could not call into existence a single new perfection in it, nor hope to add a star to that galaxy of rotten borough* which excite their admiration, and demand their respect that while there are those who thus go with the Noble Duke, there are also those on his side, and arrayed with him against the present mea sure of reform, who, unlike him, are ready to admit the absolute necessity of some species ot reform. My Noble friend who brought for ward this motion, though leagued with the Noble Duke against the present measure of reform, differs, much more on the general ques iion of reform from that Noble Duk , than he does from IHs Majesty’s Ministers: he only dif fers trom them in degree, they going to an ex tent to which he cannot come up; and there are in fact but few points of variance between us I can now, therefore, 1 think, successful ly retort upon the euemies of reform that charge, which, in former times, they levelled at the heads ot the advocates of reform. 1 Can tell them, that no two of them seem to a gree in their mode ofopposmg, or objecting to the measure. In bringing forward the settle ment of such an important question us this, it is nothing wondertul that those who propose the plan should fiud difficulties in determining the source ivhich should be adopted; but lhat those who have only a mere negative lo sup port, and to deny what the others ask for, and to rebut what the others propose—-that they should differ so much among themselves-* I look upon as a singular feature id the discus sion of this great question, and one of the strongest and most incontrovertible proofs that the pressure of argument and of public opinion is on that side of the question which is espous ed by me and my Noble Colleagues. 1 have do desire to detain your Lordships, by alluding to the details of this measure, as a more fitting opportunity will arise for the discussions of i»; but I canuot avoid observing upon fhe conces sion as I will call it, which has been made by iny Noble Friend, who has opened this debate 1 here is no avowal, there is no admission, which I ever heard made upon any great popu iar question, which comes up to the acknowl edg*;tnent, which has been made by my Noble Friend, as to. the unanimous acceptance of this gr ai measure, by all classes, ail ranks, and all descriptions of persons in this country. Men ol every sect, party and class, who may hither io have entertained a difference of opinion on 'he question ot reform, have, with a miracu lous unanimity, abandoned all iheir differences and cordially united in favor of ihe present plan of reform But this is not the most ex traordinary fact connected with the present measure. They who will be injured by it they whose franchise will be virtually taken from them, with but a few miserable excep lions—the majority of that class who will b. virtually disfranchised by this measure—join the couutry, and yield to the torrent of op>n ion, which has become quite irresistible, in fa vor of the measure. Bui here I am reminded of a question, which I heard put from the cross benches—that quarter, eminent for sagacity and which, though it may have escaped iheir Lordships, unacquainted as they are with tht subtleties of the law, did not pass unobserved by me. I have heard it said trom the eross benches, that they ought to be furnished with the dates ol the petitions, as well as with the prayers which they contained I know to what that question alludes; 1 am well aware what a foundation will be erected upon the re cent date ot the petitions, and upon the at* senco of all complaints for 300 or 400 years 1 have uo hesitationjn asserting, that the peo ple have complained over and over again, and that they have a just right to complain. It i» not true, it is most unfounded, and most false, to charge the people with coming forward at a late period, ta complain of evils which have existed for years. I will refer your Lordships to the parliamentary history iu proof of the truth of what I assert. You will find that the labia ol this House was crow'ded with petitions praying .‘or reform in 1791: In 1817, your ta ble was also loaded with petitions calling for reform, and now again, almost without the -i-ghtest concert, and certainly without pre conceived arrangement, petitions fl >ck in upon you in thousands, and as my Noble Friend ad mits, irresistibly overpower all objections % I be granting of a large measure of reform.— But thus it ever is with injustice—it always moves quicker than the complaints of its ef fects, or the desires for redress. Injustice, I remember, the poet tells us— .“Injustice, swift, erect, and unconfined, Sweeps the wide earth, and transits o’er mankind, While prayers to heal her wrongs, move sio>v behind ” But though prayers be slow, they are not less sure io follow, and if injustice tramples o’er mankind, and sweeps the wide earth, and if prayers lag behind, it is as sure that it is in the power of Heaven to grant redress, that injus tice always leads to complaint—that the denial of right- engenders the sense ol wrong; and were the Government even insensible to the signs of the times, and to all the other exam ples which it has furnished before it, it would, i my opinion, be perfect madness on its part to resist the unanimous appeal of a suffering people. (Loud Cheers) I give you not counsel, my Lords, to yield to menace or to bend to fear. I only give yon that counsel which has been ofteft given to yon by those no ble persona who have been most forward m promoting the success of this great and healing measure ot reform They honestly and opqj 1 fully performed their duty in those times at the risk of the animadversions which it might draw down upon them. They laughed at the ridicu^ feus charge of yielding to fear, and if I hey did fear a discontented people. J tell you plainly, niy Lords, that. 1 share in that fear with them, i own that I fear the discontent of an unani mous people, and I should tremble at the thought of going on further without endeavor ing to appease it, feeling as I do that (hey a-k for their right, and that right, if withheld, and that wrong unredressed, might rouse their slubbering strength today. That appears to me a reason which fairly calls upon u> to yield to the ju9t demands of the people. But this measure has been called a revolutionary measure, and a great and uncalled for change. My Noble Friend (Lord Warnchff ) has said that is an unprecedented thing to do that which he argued this measure goes to do—namely, to alter the frames of the constitution of tlie country. Now I will willingly meet ami engage him on this ground Without going into the details of the measure, I will maintain that the principle of the bill is the principle of the Con stitution—that it has uniformly been acted up on, and,that it has been acted upon io a wor-*e may than it has been acted upon in this in stance. I will meet tny Noble Friend upon (he voYy threshold of the bill, ihe diMranchisemeat of sixty boroughs, and the, in part, disfrani chisement of forty-seven more. Ttus is the part upon which the great attack has been made, as if it were the weakest and most vul nerable part ol the bill. As to ihe objection about givmg-an increase to Ihe weight of the landed interest, though signr of the opp< nents of the bill may not object to it on those grounds, they hale the bill on account of the disfran chisement of the boroughs,—and that disfran chisement is represented as an unprecedented change in the constitution of the country.— Mr Canning was as consistent and ingenious, • statesmanlike and successful, because consis tent, enemy of all reform He objected to ail kinds of change, and, when I would draw his attention io the unrepresented state of Birm ingham, Manchester Leeds, and such places, ha would admit the fact, but then tie woulds-iy that Liverpool York ii Pontefract were represent. d # and that unrepresented Manchester was safe in the representation of Liverpool Then w»»--n ]ie was asked what he could say to ScoUau ^ where there was riot even a virtual represepijt- tion which he could point out in Engfend--* where unrepresented Glasgow could not bd said to be safe in unrepresented Edinburgh— where from the banks of the Tw«ed to J .an O’Groat’s house, there was not even the sum- nlance of a popular election, aud where th.nga had come to such a pass that, as had been said by Mr. Fox. the 45 representatives of Scot land might be chos .n by men living in Lom bard street, London—Mr Canning admitted ihe argument, that then he contended that any chang. in such a state of things would he on ly a portion-of a parliamentary reform; that it would be an alteration io that parliamentary constitution which has been given to us a-, da ta for political men; that that constitution hey bad no nghl to alter in nay respect, am? 'hat they might as well think oF touching the constitution of Parliament as the crown on the bead of the monarch. Now that, at feast, is a consistent argument. In some years after, when Mr Canning supported the disfranchise- neat of a borough which had proved delin* quent, I asked him on what grounds he thee justified such a measure, when he recollected die arguments which he had formerly urged .gainst any thing of the ku^ Mr Canning just.fied the measure on the necessity of the case, as he argued those people had committed an ff nee for which they should be punished. 1 hat was the only answer that Mr. Canning could give to that question But they were told that the disfranchisement of th*- boroughs mentioned in the bill was a revolutionary mea sure, as it there oad been ao eternally fixed order and custom under the constitution of tnis country for the maintenance of a certain num ber ol boroughs—*as if the number of those boroughs should remain perpetually the same, and as if, as their advocates assert they formed a position of the ancient and immutable consti tution of this country Now there never was a charge brought agafest any measure which was more completely founded upoium utter ignorance of the history of Ihu 88mniution of this country Well atjrf^truly did my teamed and eloquent friend (the*Chanc6ilor for Ireland) say that -uch persons had read history to little or no purpose-thev poured with the delight of an antiquarian over the rust of th* brazen toys which they collected id their search, but that they did not dip into the mines of the solid ore, nor seek for the precious gems of truth Do such persons mean to assert that Gallon and Old Sdrum, and all the other boroughs have been, time ont of mind, a part and parcel of the constitution of the country, & that many of bem have not been, even in recent time®, al tered and abrogated? I do not know whet bet I am about to give information to your Lord- ship of that which you do no know, hut judg ing from what has taken place elsewhere 1 am certain that I communicate infnrmhtiuu to some member of fhe House of Commons, w hen I state chat, to the crown of this country, op to the period of the onion with Scfoland never was denied the unquestioned & undisputed right of sending writs to any borough it pleased fa ol pleasing to send them to any borough, it might choose not to send them to. If you lock into your history, you will find that such wa* tiie cate. It appear^ from a statement* made by Mr. Pitt, that about the period of the revolu tion seventy boroughs were disfranchised, and thi-ty-one were enfranchised. We only now propose to do that which the crown has often •lone previous to the union with Scotland Can (bat bill, therefore, which disfranchises a cer tain number of boroughs be justly described ts a bill which goes to put down the consti- a- »ion, when you find that up to the beginning of = he seventeenth century exactly the same pow er has been exercised by the crown? The no ble Earl wh<^ spoke on that side of the House »a« taunted some of my noble frie ds opr=j'ite, because they, the daciplea of the kite Me.