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Canning, support this bill, and he has described all the Speakers at present in parliament a? mere puny orators compared with Mr. Canning. The noble Earl, most probably, never before heard the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, or he wouid not have made that assertion, and his taunt against the noble Lords who have been t ho friends of Mr. Canning is quite undesesved. From all that I saw of Mr. Canning in his tuna, 1 am convinced that if Mr. Canning, still lived, he would be with me, and opposed to thos«- who resist this measure. But we have heard of tho great men who advocated this system. Mr. canning was but the disciple of a s’i'l great er man—Mr. Pitt; and after all we have heard about reform being dangerous, revolutionary, and so forlh.it is a qurious citcumMance that Mr. Pi It was for a long period a strenuous re former; that he approved of it; that while in office he voted for it; that he propounded a measure of reform himself; that he divided the House on it; and if ho ceased to advocate it at the period of the French Rovolufion he never concealed his decided mortification and disappointment that his plans ot reform had failed. His memorable saying should not he forgotten—‘that without reform no honest man could he the Minister of this country; and that if at hazard you should get an honest man Mi i-ter, he could not honestly serve you.’ What was one portion of Mr. Pitt's reform? To add 100 members to the other House ot’ Parliament. Oar hill only proposes to make 4he House in numbers more like what it was before 1801. A multiplicity of changes have from time to lime been made in the represen tation of the country and in the con.-ti ution of of Parliament. I wi’i not go buck to the time of Henry VI. when tSic qualification lor an elec tor was raided to 40s. equivalent to /40 of our against this bill—that if that moderate reform of winch they speak were to be carried, I shcruld very much marvel if they would Imve Gallon or Borough bridge, or any such places long spared to them.—(Hear, hear) These, then-the reasonableness of the measure, the consistency of it in principle, and the delensi-’ it to be understood, that I speak merely as an lib ness of it in argumcnt-consti'ute the main ground of my approval of the measure.—The second ground of my approval, though indefen sible in argument—though diflicu-t to reconcile iu principle, and though more difficult to main tain in debate, is, that there are many boroughs infinitely worse than the boroughs which are called close boroughs. If there were any se curity that the close boroughs wiil remain in such hands as have hitherto held them, and as- do still hold them, 1 should think their longer existence far less exceptionable, than the ex istence of such boroughs as Barnstable, and- but I will not go into them, for a late report of a committee of the House of commons pre vents me from thinking of any of them hut the last to which lhe:r attention has been culled— I mean the overgrown, foul, and corrupt bor ough ol Liverpool, (hear, hear,) where corrup tion stalked the streets bv dayl ght, and where the iniquity of the place waxed so great that tfcc fame ofit spread from one quarter of the cm pire to the other— where instead ofimi’aiiug the practice which a remnant of shame or a sense of danger has given rise to in smaller boroughs of a private room and a hole in the wall, men were seen huxtermg their votes in tho open streets at noontide, and tallies that sold for twenfv pounds at first, fetched double and Ira ble after wards (Hear, hear, hear ) Then there is the out voter—the scourge of the place in which he exercises his right of franchise-who inoculates all whom ho approaches with the vices he has learn, d in the capital, or in some let in; and though it has been said that as leaseholders only of 21 years, were to he ad mitted, that alteration would not make mjich differences, yet I must be allowed to dissent al together from that position. At the same time, let me observe—but in saying this, I beg money; bnl 1 will reler you, for instance, to other large city; and who, however pure the what occurred on the union with Scotland and ! resident body may have, been before they saw |he Union with Ireland, 1 will refer to 1778, j him, w\»s sure to bring with him venom enough 1782, and 1703, when Parliament repealed a | to make it one festering mass of corruption jgreat pottion of the Catholic disabilities, and before he left it. (Hear, hear) Putting a slop actually admitted 5-6;lis of the population to fhe right of voting who never possessed it be fore. That was, in fact, more a parliamentary revolution that a parliamentary reform 1 will refer yon also to the period when Parliament reduced the representatives of Ireland from fhree hundred to cne hundred, and added fhesa one hundred member-, to the E igl.sh Mouse of Commons. These all were meas ures which much better deserved the epithets of revolutionary and so forth; than the measure upon which they are so abundantly lavished I am sure that if a more moderate reform, sue!) as has been recommended by rny Noble Friend, this evening, trut which will never satisfy the people, had been brought forward by Govern ment, it would have met with quite as much opposition as the present one id Parliament. Suppose that halt the rotten boroughs had been disfranchised, or that nil of them had been ruuti'ated of half their Members, should we not have had from my Noble Friend, and from nil elsewhere, the same reprehension of dis franchisement? Should we not have boon told that w e are going too far? Would it not have b ,en said to us by my Noble friend, “why do you stop there: had you not better lop off all; for, if you had, you could not have committed tcJ the system whi-;h arises from ou!-v<ders, is in my opinion, one of the best parts of the plan. Well, ?ht*n, 1 say, tlr-t 1 think tli«re are some utlx r boroughs much worse than the close bor ouglis, aud I know that ia saying-this I I «y my«*ell open to be fold— "Ai»!*hut you suppuii the rfrtenfioD of some of those borough* ” 1 tl-i k, however, ’na; I nave already answered that argument. 1 cannot tell exactly where to draw ihe line bur I k »ow that the puplic eye fix. d upon -neb hor -u^hs as these, so that if delinquency continue in them, it cannot es cape detection, and, consequently, punishment; wbibi .is contentment and conciliation to a cer ta a extent are necessary to the sucre.sr of the measure I am prepared to accede to this part ot the biil But see now, whether any thing so bad as some results of the present system, can possibly be tfff-cied by any change, Asa sample—now what do your Lordship think of a man, who, to get rid of hi.-, debts bought a seat in Parliament for three men fo? W hat do you think of a man who bv so ptircha-mg a seat go! out out of prison, arul being oit o! prison went abroad—and, when .»b < „ } vacated his seat so that another Member msglii come in, white fhe Gentleman who went abr ad nev er found his way hack again? (Hear. h-a», <>e.r. a greater vi dation of the principles of the| nr 'd laughter ) I need not tell you that tt Constitution?” (Hear, hear, from Lon! Warn- cliffo }—I perceive that my Noble Friend «p predates the force of my reasoning. (Laugh ter, and cries of “No, he,” from Lird War?) elide) Yes, my Noble Friend does; only my Noble Friend was surprised that the argument should have struck us in the same way — (Langhter ) My Noble Friend, and those who hold the same language with my N«*b| Friend, would have said to us, “why do you stop here, the argument which wiil juslily I be taking away one borough will justify the taking away another; if so, why should you be both r *pa cions and fncorisi-tent too (Laughter) \V .v this half measure? Do you truck the pt.ople will like it? Oh, no; you may gratify your foolish partialities; you may retain ycur cber Died Gufton, your belov id borough bridge, mid your favoiite Sarum, but do you think ihe happened But what do v#»u think of rhi next ca-ic which I am about to narrate to vu? —A m; n bought a borough, say for /40,000 **i /60 000 I say bought a ’» t »ugb, hi-rause that is llie phrase—hut your Loid-hip- kn o tb e what is really bought is ttie power >f d >r.uiin,; upon peace or w ar. upon aMaff.ir- <d commerce upon parliamentary reform, upon the i.moii* t1 t taxation—in a word, upon all tbe great and vi tal questions when ver the prosperity, porous- Mo* very existence, of ibe rn.p-re dop.-nd-. This, 'nr L >rds is the moaning of burj i_» borough.(H. ar and laughter) Well, bui irHh. case of which I am speaking, all the money was not to be pai l down at once— perhaps • was not Convenient; and so it being aoreed 'hat the prompt should he at six months,liter w us to be discount, cfc nirso; and what d . you Lordships suppose ‘be discount w -s? M<ri- v individual—I should not care, if the the lease holders of the smallest term were let in; for. while l let iu the towns, it was rny anxious de sire thafthe election for couoties should be in dependent. My Noble Friend has alluded to my canvass in the county of Y»rk; but I beg to remind my Noble Friend that I never thought of can vassing the ’squires, l took great care to can vass theftowns. Indeed, Ihci/squires were at first violently opposed to me—as indeed mos! ol my best friends always have been—and h- mong the ’squires of Yorkshire I have the ho nor of boasting many friends. Tb ; ’squires ac tually held a meeting for the purpose ot prevent- i g my standing—But I am o . d to add, that when they found they conld not do that, the meeting ended in an invitation to me to offer mv- sell as a candidate. However, I did not place any dependence upon the’squires; all my reli ance was upon the towns, for they were sure to carry the election. Tins my I^oble Friend knows as well or better than 1 do; and I put it to your Lord-tups and to to my Noble Friend whether this is a state of county representati on which ought to be satisfactory to the coun try ? Nv)W this bill restores the representation to what it ought to be, al hough mv N' ble Friend insists that it is n*>t so good a measu asone which he could have proposed, but which rny Noble Friends lias not proposed. Last of all, then, such is (lie state which this country ha9 reached, ami the world at large has arrived at such a slate, that it is no longer just, no longer expedient, no, nor no longer even safe, that the great mass of (he honest and industrious peo ple of the great kingdom should continue lon ger unrepresented The spread of knowledge among them, .lie intelligence, the industry, the weight which attaches to them, render it nei ther honest nor safe in your Lordships, nor ex- pedient for the country, if you value the we! fare & security of the state, that the only point on which you should continue to overlook the p ople sheuid he the right of tfie people to be represented in Parliament. We a-e not slow in caiiiag upon lbs people to contribute milli ons of taxes—we never forgot to enlist Ihe people in ou ranks when we diained the people of thoir blood in waifare, as wc drain them ot their money in peace ; but the only point up- ‘ou which we never appealed to the people, »ho only point in which the people had been grossly lilt rented by us, was that no represen tation had been £.ivon to the people to the ex lent which their worth, their services, & their character gave them a right to have. If the the kingdoms had not been united, the Ciown must have issued writs tethe large town* ami he bed ev d that the Crown mu-t also have dis continued the issue of writs 'o the boroughs. All, therefore, winch wo are cubed upon now to do, is to do th.it regularly and irregularly; and that, but for the Union, would have been d >.io by the Crown, which we are now called upon to do by Act of Paritament Having ■su- shortly laid before your Lordships the > r nund t»a w i;c ! i ho rnoasure Ins my concur. •see, I shad h staie not to say that as 1 oav- ;u doubt nl the expediency and justice of tm ue«i-u e, so 1 h ive as little ol iu ultimate sue cess. (Cheers.) IS*® Si! IP ran. ETILLEDGEVILLE: THURSDAY, MAY SG, 1831. fcdf* From this date the subscribers will be jointly concerned in editing the F&deral Uni jn. JOHN G. POLHILL, JOHN A. CUTHBERT. GEORGIA LEGISLATURE. Candidates to represent the county of Baldwin. For the Senate, Gen. JAMES C. WATSON, For the House or RlprescntatiteS, Cut. EZEKIEL E. PARK, Cupt. WILLIAM W. CARNES. In consequence of the Editor’s necessary absence for some days past as a witness at the Federal Court, several communications from valued correspondents lie over.—■ They shall receive due attention. The Weather has been of the most extraordinary char acter during the whole spring. In the course of the pre sent week, lire* hare bet-n necessary during the morning and evening, and a part of tho week have been very com fortable duiing Ihe whole day. On Tuesday morning, b» - uvet u Tautl 0 o’clock, the Mercury stood at 52° — on Wednesday at 10 o’clock, A. M. it stood at 6i°. Postage.—We must again remind our correspondents of the necessity of paying postage on all lettn s and com munications sent to this office. Impositions aiesome- liibes practised upon us, and in order to entitle any Inter to the Editors bereaRir to be taken from tiie Post office, they must be marked, “paid.” Letters intended fur the Editors s tould be so addressed. Letters ou profession tl business should be addressed to us as .Attorneys. Private tetters should be addressed individually, withoutony par ticular designation, aud ought to be marked on the out side—*private.” l»Ug!»t<;r ) Y s, o«i shuil liu v tmi^, and Hucifo people will like you H9 well for tins, as if you t perhaps. On no, my L rd; i hy'-impit in* n « u bad pul them all in your cauldron together? j °fdoors, and par'irularly thoM- on the Sio< You are doing all you can to protect your plan Exchange, w--uld bova answered, rnnleton.- from the a«s»ults of enemies within doors, but you are not doing that which the people wdi expect from you? (Hear, hear, hear ) Now, i confess, that if my Noble Friend had an op portunity of savj ig this, I should have folt it difficult to answer it. Well, but those who oppose the measure talk about some reform, #:>d yet k^ep carefully out ol view even the outline of any plan which they would be inclin ed to accede to. NTw J pnt it to them wheth er they are not in the # dileruma ;—they admit that there in the country a very strong feeling in favor of reform—aye of rather an extensive system of reform—for I Li« indeed, is the only ground upon which anti reformers now pro claim themselves willing to listen to reform at all Do they suppose that any plan short of; ,er ) disfranchisement will sntisfy Hie people?—Iff N -w, I contend, that the character of the not, thi-i is one of the horns of the dilemma, ■'Legislature cannot he unimpaired if such a upon which their admission of the strong feel- j co^e occurs but o;,ce. It the system admits rng in favor of reform has fixed them. Now j of the possibility of such an occurrence that mark the other horn, the goring horn of this ! alone is a sufficient''reformation of it Bii' the diiemma, as it appears to me, and I leel lor j grand principle on which this measure of re- ha v they are, m »riey; but in lin» cans ' the dis count wa* r t nr wnc y but a m n (llmr, am it was said to the purchaser a term; y_ u -hail go out for a *r .-h.tU go m; and so the ■ ffni shall g:; on, and the* it: conn? ne takrn until flu J, m ' to- ihe prompt comes ’ (Hear, and laugh- tcr j N .w (hi I am credibly in o med is a fact; and your L-<rd>diips thit-k it a very Lughable mailer. . U*jt why i - it so? I, is oniy l.tughabn on act ociii of i!s gro -s and ff igraut iiicongrui 1y: ami tj>*> iiic )figruity consists in a man hav mg been tin* represent, )!lve of 5 per cent, on 40,000/ or 60,000 lor a tew months, instead of being, what lie ought to have been, a reprosen tative ol the people. (Hear, and much iaugh- gtve a of tiia- those who are threatened hv it. (Laughter) They must begin the work of dislranchisemeut —and how? Would they disfranchise all the boroughs on one side—all the boroughs of their foes? No. for that Would be such- an apparent job, that it would not he tolerated for a moment. Every body would cry shame up on it.—Well, then, they must take some from one side and some from the other (do i ) fi st a friend and then a foe—thus converting for- fer friends into foes; but not making nuy iriends among their former foes; and they might be compelled to sacrifice—unless*pity for a recent purchase withheld lhcii hand—even Gallon it self (Laughter ) Bui no tnakter in what way they disfranchised; disfranchise they must, aud then what would become of their principle—of the arguments that were founded on spolia tion—the invasion of property—and the vio- tion of the spirit of the constitution? (Hear, h’-nr ) Now, one word at parting with tins di lemma. Let me tell those noble and honorable proprietors of boroughs who now talk about m iderate reform, & who are sincere; for 1 speak B ,; °I* those who assume the garb of moderate reformers for the mere purpose ol catching votes form is built, is not the lopping off cxcrv-seti- ces. nor the converti g of close boroughs into opeu boroughs, nor the. removal of non resr- dent voters,nor the diminishing of the expend ot elections, by taking the poll in districts, and by other particulars into which I will not enter. Great and important as these consequences of Hie l id are, they are not (lie main, the most valuable features of it: hut the great and broad principle of the hill—that in which the beauty ol it chiefly consists, is the letting of lar c e quantities ol his Majesty’s subjects, who have been hitherto altogether unrepresented. Large towns, densely peopled—marts of commerce emporia of manufactures—honest and amiable, and industrious men, who, in time of peace, contribute to advance the prosperity of their country, by the sweat of their brow, and who. m war, defended their country bv the sinews of their arms, and by the blood in the.r veins; who b cause they have not been congregated into masses, ii certain small districts of the POLAND. The folloxv ing extract is trom Warsaw. March •21: A 'ew days ago, several military or L*rs were ! ' ibutod a: Warsaw, in the presence ol Gon- •Giplgu<« ZHWski, to t h(* r- g'lxienis »u . rri>ori. Ou mu 9.lay the 3J -qnadron of the 6 n regioii fit < j Ihiiann, called * Tue sons o! Warsaw, ’ loti the cap.tal. We learn from Ci •etlaumv. that o th< 8• ti 500 CuSsacks pcii<;- ’rated into that place, bill were soou driven u: k i.v • he cavalry «>} Angudowo. On tin 17!h. a heavy cannonade was heard in the f!i- -*eciion . t' O-irbienka. A letter from Puicw. ■* Ihe 10.h instant, says: O ir town has bee:, -urvorai iimrs ttic tiie.urc of devastation. O = rtie last attack, the inhabitants called for a-sis :ar.ee on the V s ula Although their cries o• re ocard by tiie brigade staiiont-.d on the op posite side of the r.v r, under Ranckow.-ki tie l iter c<..ui>'l not-afford ih> rn assistance, as the ice was no longer passible. The inha- •utanls of the Palatinate >.| Podlachia. where 'he war r.iged with peculiar t gloomy de»c>i » ion of the condi country. Tim villages are mostly destroyed M«d the people ruined. The pea-auts, in des pair, urc qu Ping tln-ir abodes, anti wandering in Ihe woods, where, tiffiked by hunger, !tiev attack small detachments of soldiers and plun •ior them. For sonfe time past, the sittings ot the Diet have been interrupted. The Nuncios alone meet privately ior di-cussion, and, it is • sserted, that the committee will soon draw up a law for conferring the right oi holding anded property upon the peasants. Ou the 7th inst. the Minister ol the Interior installed be new Muubipal Council, in tho Town Hall The Director oi the Politec nic School, M K - elan Garbiuski, has beeg chosen Presidetn ” I he same paper, under date of fhe 6ih inst am, rom bi Petersburg, says: “ We learn by the atest advices received* here that the Grand Duke Michael arrived at Kowoo on the 9ih at i blight On the foiluwiug day he couduct- • d the two regiments of the guard, Ismaifoff Pawl< ff, ami a brigade of artillery, over the kingdom of Po’ar.d, and then re‘urn*td to Krw- no Ihe Counsellor ol State, Fuhrma/iri, and Count Strogauoff, aid de-camp to his M.«- je-ay, t»ave been appointed members ol the Provisional Government Ol Poland In behalf ot the provinces, bordering on Poland, v z : Volhynia, Grodno, and Biaistock. which are subject to the passage of numerous troops, and to military-contributions of every descrip tion, tiie Government has ordained, that, dur ing the present general levy of recruits, in stead of three men out of five huudred, as the •aw directs, only two are to be raised. SPAIN. In the Federal Union of the 14lb April, we published a bhort speech made by Mr. Bozetnun of Pulaski (in the last Legislature) on the bill to add a part of Houston co. to Pu laski. Byway of apology to Mr. Bozeman who handed it to us for publication, »ve added the followingshoi(editorial. “Wc publish today the debate on the Bill to add a part of Houston county to Pulaski. It was banded to us at the dose of the session—but was mislaid—so that we have not given it earlier. But it is never too late to do good.” To our great surprise, and we may add, mortification, some of our patrons have taken off .nee, because wc made this brief upotogy to Mr. Bozeman for the delay in pub lishing his speech—and the expression—* It is never too late to do good,'’ has been tortured into an “editoria! s=>.nr- i.ion” of “alt” that was contained in that speech. Noth ing can be more unfounded—and we arc bound injustice to the good understanding of the offended to believe that four impressions were laken without proper time for re flection. If they wit! review these four lines, they will perceive at onre that the expression which gave off-nce, applied solely aitd exclusively to the dtiay in the publii a- tiqn, and had not, nor could it have Ihe most remote allu sion to Mr. Wellborn’s character, or the. contents’of the speech it-elf. So far from this, we went as far ns wi were authorised, in softening the asperity of the debate.— v j one regretted more than we diJ the conflict of feeling between those friends. We believed and still b-beve that uoth Mr. Coze mat. an ! t Mr. Wellborn were in dhcli irg. of tlnu'r duty in tae difl’erent courses they took, as repre senting the wills of their different constituents When therefore we said, “if is never too late to do good," w< meant nothing more nor less, than that it was not too late to redeem our promise to publish Mr. Boz-mnn’s re marks. Thus mt.rh we felt to be our duty on account of ’he delay in the publication from having mislaid the mam. sc ipt. Iu regard to Mr. Wellborn, we fee! it a duty on this oc casion to say, that we entertain for him as a politician, n citizen, and ( vo may add) a friend, the highest rrspeet. We co.'Id have no ioterest, as we have no inclination to impugn his character, or bis motives. IVe entertain simi lar respect for Mr. Bozeman. The citizens of FreJt.riesburg, Virginia, h^ve made an ippeal to the Aru riear. people far contributions to erect # monument fc the memory of the Mother of Washington. fhe subject addresses itself to the best feelings of the American public. We shall notice it more particularly in our q- xt. • ■■ it >»**u Mt,i^iii i*r uij |U||, I'- course of our editorial labors wc have fieqo ly alluded to this important subject, with a warintl Dinner to .Mr. Berrien.—On the 4rh inst. the citizens if S-Y.iiin/it) gave to tneir feliow-ciuzen, fotin M. Berri en. t! hs Exchange, a Public Dinner. These tokens of respect have, wc think, in ou- day Le* n so much abused fur politic >1 efT c’, that, wc take Jiltie pleasure in noticing them. Nor -tiould we Ihmk a particular remark nec.es vary on this a eras, on but for the view taken by Mr. Ber nm of fhe causes now operating on the city of Savannali nd on the State a* J .rge, to produce the decline of pros- •; rity so much c uipi dried of and so little understood a- nnng us. YVcrrgret that we have not room to give en ure the proceedings, at tins entertainment, but must con tent ourselves with calling the reader’s attention to th> spr-ch of the t'lem d guest of the company. We claim their special attention to the means suggested for the re- •noval of the heavy embarrassments >elt by our commer- r i.d and .ig-.-ul ura! citizens. VVc have before given our opinions on this su j ct. and are gratified lo find thrn. thus ah v supported oy cne whose character for talent** mav add weight l*> hia opi ion. rent- . . . . _ rrntb of feeling cah olat* d to evince the d.*» p interest *e feel ir* the prospent v of Savannah. We have looked on her pros- p> rity as iden'ifii.d with the universal prosperity of t'u •Mat.: and we h..ve looked to the united of State • nd individual cxerti*>ns as theooly means of .‘cc mplisli mg so important 3n enterprise. In a recent visit to that city, we could hut be impressed with the Luspira’ity > ffcrr citizens, while uc mourned over the melancholy rtfl c- ti >ns - iggested by meeting a umnbor of oar up-country friends actually passing through Savannah to Charleston, for the transaction of commercial business. Notwithstanding a ! l this, the position we have rnnin- t.iined toward this subject seems not to have been under' stood, or to have been passed by silently by thos.- most in terested in it. We have no responses from other presses, nut even from those of Sav«nnali. How can i: be expect •d th >t the community and the Legislature will take hold on a subject of such vital importance, when no exertions are made by th • vehicles of p iblic opinion to bring it be fore them? H e invite a'teinion again to it—and we ac cord with Mr. Bzrrien, that “whoever shall succeed in iirakmg ihe attention of the Legislature to this vitally important subject, and shuM Imve the good fortune to tf- cherisbed spot, which is endeared (o us all. by a thousand recollections. I have the gr.it loca tion to see, in this assembly! many ot those who have been my companions in the journey oflife. I meet you, therefore, w:th no ordin ary emotion, and with little qualification for the discharge of the duly which your kindness, and the custom of the festive board, have de volved upon me. The stranger who v.sits our city, contemplates it ns the abode of hospital ity, and the home of the domestic virtues; and leaving it, carries with him a lively remem brance of the intelligence and the courtesy which constitute the charm of its social inter course. But to me, it presents itself with all those awakening recollections which are con* necled with the idea of homf*—- of youthful friendships, and the graver associations of ma- tnrer years; with fhe cherished remembrance ofthe bt'st and happiest portion of my life— of bright and sunny hours, which are destined never to return 1 wish I could have found you, Gt ntlemeD, in the enjoyment ot that prosperity, which the natural advantages of our location, and the in telligence and enterprise of our citizens entitle us to claim. There was a time when the suc cess of our agt(cultural, and the consequent prosperity of our commercial operations, gave animation to every thing around us—vyheii the busy hum of commerce was heard in our streets and its fruits were exhibited iu the rapid im provement of our ci v—when here, as well as elsewhere, all the comforts and enjoyments of life, were placed within the reach of individuals exertion. Why does lhi« state of things no longer exist in the same degree as heretofore*!! Why is it that stillness now pervades those places, which in times past were the scenes of buMlu and activity? Whence comes i>, thm the best exertions of the planter, aud the most intelligent efforts ol the merchant, foil to re ceive the rewards which heretofore awaited them? I will not do violence to the social feeling, to which this occasion is devoted, by the dis cussion of a much agitated and highly agita ting question, which is connected with this MihjecL I purposely limit myself to the en quiry, whether some of the evils which wo suf- ter may not have resulted from our failure to keep pace with the changes which l ave oc curred elsewhere, and especially in tiie other States of the Union? Extending our view to the State at large, whether we have not re lied too s?»ijch on the value of our products, and the natural advantages of our position; and looking rather to our past prosperity, lbun to those uoweicomc indications which inenac- **d its continuance, have remained to a certain degree stationary, while others have been ad vancing in the career of internal improvement? 1 do not disguise from myself the fact, that the change in our condition, hasten greatly ii.ffij- enced by Causes over which we could ex ercise no control; by the altered political and commercial state ol tiie other portions ofthe world. Constituting a part of the great f.mi- :y oI nations, we cannot he insensible to that vvhich mateii illy alfocts its other members; for tiiat law ol his nature which ordains that man shad h* a social being, forbids that, either as an individual or ns a member of sori ty, he should be wholly independent of Li* follow nit n fcitiil it may he Wurth the inqu'ry, whether all which w s have lost can fo* j istly imputed ‘° this causef and especially, whether some- ihing may not be regained by intellijjflnt and unreinitted exertions to facilitate our inferior communications, and to improve the ocean m- !f f, on which wc are so advantageously posted? When the great staple product of.our Stale commanded three times the price which can now bo obtained for it. the difficulties of com munication were overcome, because the value of the article compensated the labor and ex panse; which were necessary to the accom plishment of tl L object. Our storehouses were then filled with t he fruits of our agiicu!- •uro, and here, also, were sought, as an almost pe ssary consequence, those supplies wnich citizens derived trom tho skill aud industry >ur haVO not ! ,e 11 though! wur A letter of the 26fh March, from Bayonne. r ! ? Hfc e ** 5 ‘ le i *" H '. e •' gislativ* -ays: “A report prevails that the Spanish Con- L ■■ r- A ^ . (*•!!' I? 1 1 ,‘al l R L.vf n L a L — J ______ _A a « w» - council of the nation, copyholders are afion. (Cheers) Thus too, J Tuiimalisls who had escaped the Royalists, fot m thus leaseholders are {have taken possession of Malaga." (ect a successful result, wit! deserve lo be r rtk. d ainoii" tiir benefactors of the ag- and will justly acquire tonin’ sei! an enviable place in the esteem and affiri-tiuna cfour ueojde.” Tne following toast was announced by John Cum mine E**q President of the d.-iy. ' Our Guest—We esteem him for his virtues, we honor him for his services.” Mr Berrien *h**n ro^e and responded to the observations Item the chair, and the senti- ments ofthe company, iu nearly the following I thank you very cordially, Gentlemen, for this expression of your kindness. 1 could n<>t he insensible to the approbation of so respec- able an assemblage id any portion of my lei* iow citizens, but such a reception from this community, leaves me without tiie power ode q jutely to express my grateful sense of the honor which it confers. It brings with it, how r'ver, thd cheering conviction, that 1 am in the niidit ol those, to whom I may safely confi.h Hie interpretation of my feelings. Accept, ’hen, Gentlemen, the simple acknowledge meins of my gratitude, for this renewed man. testation ot your unwearying kindness. I shotil* vainly attempt to express to you my feeling m this occasion, but your own hearts will bea witness, and 1 cheerfully submit myself to then estimony. Returning, after an abscence which ha 1 seemed to ta a to be a protracted one, lo this <>t oilier nations. Our ci?y was then the great mart of the agricultural product tons of our Si ale. as well as of those foreign supplies hich then reached us, in no'inconsiderable quantity, by direct importation. But Hi- is unhappily a picture of bygone times; a stale of things which we can scarcely expect to see realized again, in ail it? former extent. Tho condition of the world affords liitlo prospect of any material advance in the market value of iur principal staple Apart, then, from such improvements in agriculture, as may reduce He cos.1 of production, its value to the pro- ‘ucer is chi, fly to be increased, by facilitating, and thereby diminishing the expense cf \ i transportation to an eligible market. Else- n >crc this truth has be<*n folt and acted upon, and vve are in no inconsiderable degree, the victims of the diversion, which it has alreadv occasioned... Does it become us 1 speak of our fellow-citizens throughout the State, to a* w„i; in list loss inactivity, the consummation of this result? L is now several years ago, since a distin guished engineer, who had been engaged in making surveys in various parts of the Union pronounced this port to be the appropriate At lantic outlet ot the Southern and Southwestern Suites, and the truth of this opinion, would ere this have been demonstrated, ii the requisite exertions been made, to improve those in terior communications, which are suggested by he natural advantages of our position. Such an operation however in Ihe extent, which ought to be given to it, belongs emphatically to the State, because the capital W'hicli it would r quire, transcends the resources of our city, and because also, the benefits which it would confer, would be coextensive wdh the whole hue of communication,* May we not hope that : his subject will find favor in the councils of our ^tate, and that some portion of the ample fund, which must ere long be placed at our disposal, will be set # apart for purposes of iuternal ioi- fov* ment. Whosoever shall succeed in awa- •tening the attention ofthe Legislature to this tally important subject, and shall have tiie ^uod fortune to effect a successful result, will loserve to be ranked among the benefactors of he age. and will justly acquire to himself an inviabio place in the esteem and affections of| ur people. i hope I shall not be considered to have giv- I