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PEDGRAL UNION.
VOLUME !•
I - ■ ^ 1 ---- - l * " '
MILLEUGEVILLE, GCORGIA, THURSDAY, JUNE 30, 1831.
J\ UifJlJfcft«fvii*v ill*
edited by
j # q # poLHIIiI' & J« A. CL'THBERT,
at THREE nOI.LARS
uJ of the
Tavern.
All ADVERTISEMENT* published at the usual r-tes.
N B E irli Citation by the Cleiks or the Courts of Ordinary that
unnllcatiori has been made for Letters of Administration, must be
•ttblished THIRTY DAY* at least.
p Nolire lie Executors and Administrators for Debtors end Creili-
through all these pe; its io be eventuaiiy entrusted
with the high responsibility of repe lling the legions
made by him, under the superintendence, and in
the laboratory, of Professor Hare, of the contents
of a hot iie purporting to he “Swann's Panacea.”
In this analysis both mercury and arsenic are said
tors to render in their accounts, must be published SIX "WEEKS.
Sales of Neemes by Executors and Administrators must be ad
vertised SIXTY DAYS before the day of sale.
«.,i«« nf nersonal property (except nejrroe?) of testate and intes- , . —, . — ; . . , ■ ■ _ ■ .
tate estates by Executors and Administrators, must be advertised j and devotion exfuhited by him, that his superior j in it by chemical analysis.
FORTY DAYS. ' [ "
Annlications by Executors, Administrators and Guardians to the | * ; v -. -c—- - . . >
of ordinary for leave to sell Land, must he published four contenting himself with an interior station, and de-
vnecki to be by far the most competent
energies of his countrymen to the best
advantage. Such a tribute to merit is we imagin- So perfect have become the processes of modern
od iprecedented, and subsequent events have ; analytic chemistry, that it is almost impossible lor
shown it not to have been undeserved. The glo- j the minutest particle of a mineral substance to elude
of the autocrat, and in his glorious efforts in this ho
Iv cause-, ie hears with him the sincerest prayers
lor ms success from every friend of iiberty through- to have been detected. We have already publish-
out the world. the statements of three different chemists, by whom
Our readers will doubtless recollect that at the mercury was found in Smaim’s Panacea, but it had
commencement of the present struggle, Skrzvnecki; not been before examined, we believe, for arsenic;
was only second in command; but, that at the first at any rate, so far as we know, this is the first time
battle, such was the military knowledge, gallantry, that the presence of that poison has been detected
We have Tong been sa-
‘ officer immediately resigned his command to him, tisfied, however, of the variable composition of the
•ouVtof ordinary tor leave to seii Land, must be pubiis 1 ed fol k contenting himself with an inferior station, and de- Panacea, and it seems probable that it sometimes
W A™ions bv Executors and Administrators for Letters Di=mis-i daring Skrzvnecki to be by far the most competent contains both the corrosive sublimate and arsenic;
*ory, must i.e published six months. I to wield the energies of his countrymen to the best sometimes only one of them, and at others nether.
Applications for Foreclosure of Mortgages on real estate must be ^ *"- - ~ ■ ~
advclilted once a month for SIX MONTHS.
Sales of real estate by Executors, Administrators and Guardian'-,
must be published SIXTY DAYS before the day of sale. These
Kilts must be made at the court house door between the hours of ;o
tu the morning and 4 in the afternoon. No sale from day to day is
valid, unless so expressed in the advertisement.
Orders of Coort of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy of the
?»r>rid, or agreement) to make titles to land, must be advertised , v.. e
U’HREE MONTH* at least.
Sheriff's rtales under executions regularly granted by the courts,
must be advertised THIRTY DAYS—under mortgage executions,
■NIXTY DAYS—Sales of perishable property under order of Court,
Uiust be advertised, generally, TEN DAYS before the day of sale.
A *•' A H'icntJrir directe^i^tL/is ^ m^rbepost-1 be *o, 15 v] is just, and his vengeance will not sleep j showing, that the matter analyzed was the remains
V iv> proud lords, unpitied land, shall see
'IDat nao hath yet a soul and dare be free.”
' cing to use the medicine, four wane-glasses full only
r tit: POLISH DICTATOR. having been taken, died with vomiting of blood;
T ie Pc Rive always been a noble people—a that the deceased, after taking the medicine, com
nation of nes, who, from Kosciusko to Ponia- 1 Pained that it burned him to the^ heart; and that
towski, t oDrh unfortunate, or even mistaken in : the remainder of the contents of the bottle were
their mo.i'.vs" have yet presented the only model of j carefully preserved by his lnends until given for an-
ciiiva'rv which modern times nave seen in Europe, i a *y^*
T ie pr< sent Dictator is well calculated lor the im- 1 e regret that the late period at which the
po rant office he has undertaken. He is about 54 , communication of Dr. Rose and the accompanying
years of aw, and has served many years, not only ! documents were received, prevents our publishing
in the armies of Poland and Russia, hut in those of the present number.”—Journal of Health,
Napoleon, m which lie was a lieutenant-general
rices conduct of this eminent soldier and patriot in
the battle of February and since, has endeared him
countrymen, and established for him an un-
d mg rep datioriP: May heaven smile on the efforts
of tins courageous but ill-fated people .to rescue
i their land f run tlieir merciless oppressors. .It must
the scrutiny of the skillful analyst; and it is in vain
now for the empiric to think to conceal his poison
ous drugs by mixing them with syrups and sac
charine matters.
CHA viBER OF DEPUTIES.
Sitting of the 13th April.—Continuance of the
discussion on the hill authorising the Minister, in
cue of necessity, to raise an extra sum of 100,000,-
000, during the recess of the House.
M. Enouf would remonstrate against the propo
sition, unless the words, “in case of war, were sub
stituted for “in case of necessity.”
General Lamarque seized on this opportunity of
attacking the Ministers for their foreign policy.—
Our Minister of foreign affairs, says that a set of
riotous fellows in Belgium, are protesting against a
sue forget wftat b nuice Das done tor iici , s uiP
expect to take Fiance? Let her preserve peace
within; let her respects the rights of humanity* let
her hide from Europe the spectacle of bloody anar
chy, and then she can claim the protection of wise
and free nations. The question of Luxembourg Hi
simple—by treaties its fortresses belonged to the
confederation—the country, to the house ol Nassau.
France recognized this in November—thiB is tlie
natural state of things, we are determined to pre
serve it; I hope to do it with the consent of others*
Gentlemen, you know our intention—we wish a free
particular article of the Protocol of London; it is f and national policy at home—government is free
not however a set of riotous fellows, but the whole
Belgian people who demand the execution of a so
lemn promise made by our government.
Prussia, say our Ministers, wishes peace—aye!
she wishes peace so long as the heroic resistance
of the Poles makes her fear for her Grand Duchy
of Posen—she wishes peace—ves! peace, with pre
serving of the tribute she tore from us in 1815—
from the powers of tumults—foreign tumults will
not affect us; we will not grant them war; we
would declare it, if peace were neither the safest
oi most honorable lor France. If the war w ere
probable, if it was necessary to our honor we would
ly say so to the country; with the same frank
ness that w T e do hid it have hope and courage—eve
ry day gives fresh guaranty of the continuance of
B tivi, to entitle them to attention.
MISCELLANY.
The following is one of the pre-best pieces in the lari-
§5ua<;e, ami written by an author, who has probably l>een
As violently abused, considering,his deserts, as any wri
ter of the dnv. It is by Leigh Hunt,
QN HEARING A LITTLE MUSICAL BOX.
Hallo!—what ?—where ?—what can it be
That strikes up so deliciously ?
1 never in my lift—what no!
That little tin box playing so ?
It really seemed as if a sprite
Had struck among us, stvift and light,
And come from some minuter star
To treat us with his pearl guitar.
Hark! it scarcely ends die strain,
But its gives it o’er again,
Lovely thing! and runs along,
J ust as if it knew the song,
Touching out, smooth, and clear and small,
Harmony, and shake, and nil,
Now upon the treble lingering,
Dancing hoyv as if ’twere fingering,
And at last upon the close,
Coming with gentle repose.
© full of sweetness, crispness, ease,
Compound of^svely smallnesses,
Accomplished trifle—tell ns what
To call thee and disgrace thee not.
"Worlds of fancies come about us,
Thrill within and glance without US
Now yvc think that there must be
Jn thee some humanity,
Such n taste, composed and fine
Smiles along that touch of thine.
Now we call the heavenly rain,
For thy fresh continued strain;
Row a hail, that on the ground
Splits into light leaps of sound;
Now the concert, near and nice,
< )f a pigmy paradise;
Sprinkles then from singing fountains ;
Fairies heard on tops of mountains;
Nightingales, endued with art,
. Caught in listening to Mozart.;
Stars that, make a distant tinkling,
Whiie their hap by eyes are twinkling;
bounds for scattered rills to flow to;
Music for the flowers to grow to.
O thou sweet and sudden pleasure,
Dropping in the lap of leisure,
Essence of harmonious joy,
Epithet-exhausting toy:
Well may lovely hands and eyes
Start at thee in sweet surprise;
if or xv ill we content to see
In thee mere machinery ;
But recur to the great springs
Of divine and human things,
And acknowledge thee n lesson
For despondence to lay stress on,
Waiting with a placid sorrow
What may come from Heaven to-raorwtv.
And the music honed at last,
When this jarring life is past.
Come, then, for another strain:
We must have thee o’er acain.
H * is brave, firm, and energetic; combining pru-
d ace with courage in an extraordinary degree.—
Hens warm 1 v attached to his country and though
poor, is highly decended and connected. His no
bleness of spirit may he best described by the fol
lowing anecdote", which occurred shortly before the
commencement of the revolution, and was told to
the writer by an eye-witness.
The troops quartered in Warsaw, were in the
bit of being frequently exercised in a large square
(Place de Saxe,) under the eye of Constantine.
One day the Cesarewitch,after surveying his own
body guard, who were all splendidly dressed and
perfectly well equipped, turned his eyes upon the
regiment ofChlopicki with a look of scorn.—
“General!” said he, “ vour soldiers are a disgrace
to the army—officers, horses, and men, are all bad.
You are not fit to be among my troops,” “Your
Imperial Highness is quite right.” said Chlopicki,
dismounting, and laying his military hat and sword
at the Grand Duke’s feet; “we are not fit to be
among your troops; for we did not learn to make
war in the Place de Saxe!”—Correspondent of the
Athameum.
The Petrified Fo r rest of Missouri.—Some two or
three months ago, we mentioned in our paper, that
a monthly magazine was about to be established in
Illinois, under the editorial superintendence of James
Hall. The first number of this journal was pub
lished in the beginning of the present month, and a
copy of it now lies before us. Its contents are prin
cipally original, and comprise a number of scientif
ic, statistical and literary articles. Among other
matters of interest, a letter from an officer of the
U. State’s Army is given, in which some curious
particulars are stated of the remains of a petrified
forest, which are found in great abundance at a lit
tle distance below the junction of the Yellow Stone
river with the Missouri. These remains of trees
cover the ground,.on the Missouri, at about lati
tude forty-eight, for a distance of between twenty
and* thirty miles. The writer states that the sur
face of the earth is literally covered with stumps,
8th instant.
FOREIGN DEBATES.
“>«f '™ at 'T: 1 " 1 " seera , me nnpromranera- j t ,, e ear(h ,.l, c stumps „f others stand at an ele-
of this gallant gereral, who has thus far j vat j ou n f several feet above the surface. A singu-
GENERAL SKRZYNECKI.
Some of our readers have doubtless despaired of
pronouncing what would seem the unpronouncea
ble name w w
unstained the perilous cause of Poland. A friend ^ j ar c i rcurns t a nce connected with the existence of
who has supped with Lord Byron, shaken hands ^ |} iese petrified remains of trees, is the elevation of
with the late emperor Alexander, been intimate J g roun( j on which thev are found in greatest a-
bundance. The face of the country throughout
the thirty miles over which these singular relics are
scattered, is hilly, and much broken into deep ra
vines. Mr, Crossman, the writer of the communi
cation in the Illinois Magazine, estimates that the
summits of the hills are not less than three hundred
feet above the present level of the river; but their
exact elevation was not ascertained from his not
having the instruments. A writer in the Philadel
phia Chronicle, noticing the curious facts communi
cated by Mr. Crossman, concerning the petrified
forest of Missouri, regrets that he has neglected to
with Mavrocordato, and drank sherbert with the
suhan, tells us that it is Skre-enetske, who has done
such wonders before the astonished Balkan crosser,
JDe-bitch.
John Skrzvnecki was born in Galicia, a province
iu Southern Poland, of considerable extent, and is
now about forty-four years of age; he was educat
ed at Leopold.
In 1901), when Napoleon entered Poland, he
found an exulting welcome in the hearts of the in
habitants of that ill-fated and deeply injured coun
try. An animated recollection of the violence
which had suppressed their previous struggles stMe ^whether tlie trees are"’true”petrifaction, or
amiinst an odious foreign yoke, an inextinguishable
hatred against the authors of their grievances and
oppression, and that ardent love of liberty so char
acteristic of tins gallant nation, disposed them to
have hailed with jovful feelings, not only Napoleon,
but Lucifer himself, had he proposed to assist them
in regaining the independence of which they had
been so unjustly deprived. Skrzvnecki was one of
the foremost oi'the daring band itlfich hurried to
the field to “strike lor their altars and their fires,
ihe green graves of their s|$es, God, and their na
tive land;” he abandoned his home, and entered the
regiment of infantry, commanded by Colonel Mala-
eowski now a General of Division. In 1808, he
served under Prince Joseph Poniatowski through
out the celebrated campaign of that year, and was
made Captain in the regiment of Constantine Czar-
torvski. In the campaign of Moscow, 1812, he
was promoted to a battlion, and in 1813 and 1814,
repeatedly distinguished himself in several very
brilliant affairs.
At the battle of Arcis sur Aube, where the
French were defeated by the Prince of Wirtem-
berg, Napoleon, at a critical moment, was indebt
ed for his safety to Skrzvnecki, and his battalion of
brave Poles, who sheltered him within their col
umns, after the young guard had given wa-v before
an accidental rencontre with the advanced guard
»f Prince Schwartzenberg. But for Skrzvnecki s
imelv assistance, theemperor would certainly have
>een captured, and the battle of Arcis would have
irobably terminated his singular career. For this
.good service the Pole was presented with the
Cross of the Legion of Honor, and made a mem
ber of a military order in Poland, whither he retir
ed with the remnant of the “gallant few of ni3
countrymen, whose high toned patriotism and in
domitable courage' had kept them so long faithful
followers of the fortunes of the emperor.
The subject of this notice subsequently command
ed a regiment in the brigade of General blumer,
and during the last campaign of Napoleon, receiv
ed, it is said on one occasion, eighteen wounds from
musket balls* He has been preserved, however,
roots, and.imbs of petrified trees, broken and thrown j ce pti ona bi e measure, and he is right because the
down by some powerful convulsion of nature, and j circumstances in which we are placed are excep-
scattered m all directions m fragments. Many of ; tionable and extraordinary, and as such call for an
these stumps are said to be of a very large size, J unaccustomed measure.” The minister then an-
and one of them, which was accurately measured j swered M. Delaborde, upon the situation of
by the writer, m company with auotner officer, was « France. There was a much greater amelioration
found to be upwards of fifteen feet in circumfer- j than the honorable deputy supposed. As to its
ence. Some of the trees aie broken oft close toj f ore jor n poliev, the government had ever maintain-
ed a worthy and noble attitude with regard to for
eign countries. The government was opposed to
war, and would check, by eve^y legal means, all
propaganda, who alone could bring on hostilities.
M. Vover d’Argenson opposed the grant. • .
M. Jav spoke against war, hut in favor of the
bilk
M. Mauguin said the government applies for a
conditional grant of 100,000,000fr. Ought this to
he raised by taxes, with wliich the country is alrea
dy overcharged? Ought it to lie obtained by way
of loan, which has already been the ruin of so many
States? Can it be managed by applying to both
resources at the same time? Should, in fine* the
government be authorised to levy taxes by way of
ordinances? These, gentlemen, are questions that
I shall not take upon myself to answer, but submit
them to your consideration. I will only observe,
that without doubt, extraordinary events have suc
ceeded each other with astonishing rapidity. May
I be permitted to say a few words upon our for
eign relations? [Murmurs.] I have before re
proached the government for the manner in which
these have been conducted. In proportion as
events have advanced, the intentions of Russia to
wards France have become more fully apparent.—
You are aware that General Diebisch tore from the
breast of a Polish prisoner, the cross of the legion
of honor, and that this officer, upon whom Russia
places ail her hopes, has declared that he will
march to Paris, and there crown liia career as the
greatest Captain of his age. [Hear, hear, hear.]
The intentions of Austria are equally known from
the letter of our Ambassador at Vienna, which
was concealed for ten days from the President of
the Council. “After the revolution of July,” said
the honorable deputy in conclusion, “I expected
that France would resume her rank among the na
tions, but this has not been the case. She still re
mains under the yoke of humilitating treaties, and,
in fact, we stand trembling in the face of the whole
The communication of Dr. Rose is accompanied | took from us—and with still holding us in the light
with several affidavits made for the purpose of of a conquered people.
I pass, said the General, to a second question—
of a bottle obtained from Swaim, by a man named j the success of heroic Poland—a success which
James Hill, for the cure of an ulcer on his leg; that! embarrasses our cabinet and diplomatic Europe.—
the said James Hill, on the third day after conimen- j [Long laughter.] Attempts were making to ar-
1 M range the matter at London, but victory, daughter
of patriotism, iias thwarted the scheme—the Poles
know not our half way system—they spurned at a
compromise—at a state of quasi independence—they
swore to be a nation; and they shall be. The vast
empire of Russia will rather herself crumble un
der the blow of Poland, than again manacle her.
Heroic example! let it not he lost upon the world.
And we—nation of thirty-two millions, after having
astonished the world by our exploits in July, we
astonish it still more by our want of honor. “I
have heard, continued the General, “from this ve
ry tribune, our Minister of Foreign Affairs make
the most solemn and unequivocal promises. I have
heard him declare that France would never con
sent to the intervention of any power in the affairs
of other nations. I leave you to judge how it has
been fulfilled.
Gentlemen, it is painful to speak of Italy—you
kmow the brilliant reputation of the French arms
there, and how the miracles of Napoleon raised us
in the eyes of that people! well: the policy of our
Ministers has effaced these glorious recollections,
and French faith and Punic laith have there be
come synonimous.” Violent agitation in the
Chamber, Lamarque called on to explain—While
endeavoring to do so—Delessert the Vice President
called out, “General, in saying that French faith
and Punic faith are synonimous, you have insulted
Franee—I call you to order.” (Bravos.)
The General slightly apologised, said he was
not understood, and continued—“these Italians so
cruelly abandoned by France, have not indeed dis
played the heroism of the Poles; but do not accuse
them—it is our fault—we have torn from them glo
ry and liberty together.” (Murmurs.)
But, said the General, if our Ministers are deter
mined at all hazards to avoid war—to adhere to
the treaties of 1815, to abandon Italy to the Aus
trians, Luxembourg to the Confederation, and to
grant only applause or tears to the Poles—then
why demand so many sacrifices—so many taxes—
why buy up muskets at so high a price from abroad
—why send beyond the Rhine for horses—why
press the arming and training of our new troops?
[Murmurs.] Why all this since we are supplica
ting the foreign powers to leave us in peace?—
(Loud cries in the centre.) Would it not be bet
ter, said the General, to change our front, and pro
claim .that we adhere to the Holy Alliance and par
take its principles? Then friends will rise, and all
will he content hut a few factions, who with abash
ed front and despairing hearts will murmur “all i*
saved except honor.” “
Soult demanded the floor, and with evident emo
tion, violent gestures, and in his energetic military
I am astonished, I am griev-
with still guarding the cities and departments she I peace. But France shall not be taken by surprise;
her government will give her due warning. And
From Galignani’s Messenger of April 14.
CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES.
Sitting of April 12.
The order of the day was the hill for granting
an eventual credit of 100,000,000 francs ; upon
which, M. Salverte said, it presented a novelty to
tally without precedent in the constitutional system
of the country. It had the effect of authorising the
government, without any further controul, to lay
upon the people extraordinary taxes to the amount
ol 100,000,000. Could the chamber take upon it
self a responsibility so great? Before any measure
of finance was adopted, the actual wants of the go
vernment ought to be ascertained, and the taxes
to be levied, maturely considered. “Suppose,”
continued M. Salverte, “that a whole budget was
voted in the same manner (and the supposition
may fairly lie put, since if you can with propriety
x’ote 100,000,0001’., you may, in like manner, vote
500,000,0001’. or even a millard,) suppose, I say,
that a whole budget was to he voted, what might
become ol’every man’s private fortune, should the
government abuse the power with which it would
thus be invested? Surely you will not give an ex
ample so dangerous.
Here the honorable deputy entered into a dis
cussion whether the government could really en
tertain any serious alarms with respect to the par
ties of the Carlists, the Bonapartists, and Republi
cans. He could find no cause for fear. The min
istry had at the moment received a proof of confi
dence sufficient to allay every apprehension. He
therefore declared his intention to vote against the
bill as it then stood, but i any further amendment
were admitted which would bring it within consti
tutional hounds, it should have his support.
The Minister of Commerce replied to M. Sal
verte, and repelled the accusations brought against
ministers, by enumerating the laws that the cham
ber had pass ed during the session. “M. Salverte,” , w
added he, “considers the bill proposed as an ex- way, thus broke out
only incrustation, and whether the mineralizing
matter is silicious, calcarious or argillacious.’
JY. Y. Eve. Post.
New Analysis of Sxvaim’s Panacea.
We have waited for some time to hear of a den
ial or explanation of the subjoined statement, on
the part of the proprietor of the Panacea—but his
only reply seems to be an old story, purporting to
he from New-York papers, about the wonderful
powers of his nostrum. This rigmarole is of a
piece with his annual puff, signed Cotton Planter,
in which cases are given to show the wonderful
powers of his vermifuge; but in none ol wliich ca
ses were worms shown to be present. This is a
matter of little consequence we suppose to those
who delight to swallow all these quack compounds,
without regard to their effects. When laboring
under torturing disease, or in the agonies ol death,
from this insane credulity, it must he sucli a great
consolation for a person to say. “I thought the
medicine would be of sendee to me, I saw so much
about it in the newspapers.” Wonderful credulity!
people will peril their lives on less evidence than
they would require before they purchased a blank
et or a pair of stockings. The statement here giv
en, is from the American Journal of Medical Sci
ence—among the xlistinguished colaborators to
which, are those professors who, in a moment of
criminal good nature, and in oblivion of medical lo
gic and medical 'ethics, gave certificates to Swaim.
Their counter testimony has been published more
than once in our Journal. Wdth what propriety
can they still allow their names to be introduced in
the Panacea advertisements, as encouagers of the
use of this nostrum, is, we must confess, a mystery
to us. It would be but a slight atonement to their
medical brethren, for them to insist on the cessa
tion, at once, of a proceed ing which is without a
parallel in the history of the profession.
“New Analysis of Swaims Panacea.—Just as
this form was preparing for press, we received from
Dr* J. Ro3e..ofth& oity, an awwunt qf an analysis
world.”
The Minister of Foreign affairs said that the
speech which had been just delivered was no more
than a repetition of what had been frequently said
before during the last six months. He replied to
the various objections of M. Mauguin, whose policy
he said was coffee-house policy. France had done
all in her power to protect her subjects against a
monster whom she refused to acknowledge.—
[Cheers from the extreme gauche.] France would
not make war in the train of any nation. In Bel
gium, pillage and murder stalked abroad, at the
command of an Association that overruled the go
vernment, and openly declared that it would force
France into a war, in spite of her; but no, France^
would never be dragged miserably in the train ot
such factious blunderers. [Loud cheers from the
centre.]
M. Mauguin maintained the eoTTtfitneSlS pf the
facts he had stated AdjtmrnecL;
ed that a general officer of France, whom I much
respect, should use language—which is not French
—after gaining the applause of the world by his
heroism and his political courage—he has astonish
ed it by accusing Franee of a want of honor. Such
language excites not only my surprise, but my in
dignation. He says we are mocked at by Eu
rope—has he then forgotten what we have been,
what we are, what we shall ever be? Does he
then forget what he himself has been—or what he
can do?
He demands why I procured muskets from a-
hroad? It is because at every meeting of this
house, an armament was demanded—the alarm of
war xvas sounded—when I was called to the Coun
cil, 600,000 had been ordered; Treduced it to 200,-
000—it was approved—(aye, ave!) I have put
these arms into the hands of our brave national
guard, and it will he well if I can supply the rest;
as to the price paid for them in England, it is less
than it would have been in France. I come to
another expression whicli hasjustlv excited the in
dignation of the House. What! a frenchman pro-
.nounee sucli a blasphemy! What! “all is preserv
ed except honor.” Lamarque here rose, and a-
gain attempted to explain. The Minister of War
continued; and after further debate—
* Gen. Lafayette rose, and after a few conciliatory
words to the Chamber, went on thus—“I thank the
Minister of Foreign Affairs for the positive and un
qualified manner in which he has called the tyrant
of Portugal a monster; this name had been before
given him from this floor, but it is more important
coining from the ministry—it augurs the approach
ing fall of this miserable devil. I come to the ques
tion of our foreign policy: it is said we must re
spect a treaty which disposes of Luxembourg; but
there was also a treaty uniting Belgium to Holland;
what has become of it? There was another treaty
securing the Crown of France to the elder brancli
of Bourbons—methinks no one of us feels inclined
to respect it. The death of Poland was announ
ced from this tribune; but, gentlemen, she has had
a glorious resurrection, and though one of the pre
ceding speakers urges the advantages that would
result from preserving Poland to Russia, methinks
after the proof we have of the disposition of Russia,
France ought not to be very anxious to forward
her viejvs. No, gentlemen, Poland is a nation a-
part, an independent nation—she has instituted a
government and since she has an accredited lega
tion in France, the first thing we should do in the
spirit of mutuality would be that this legation be re
cognised—as we recognise that of Pozzo di Borgo
for Prussia-—(applause from the left.) The Gene
ral continued at some length to reproach the minis
try for their conduct toward Italy.
The President of the Council now mounted the
tribune, and in a long and able speech defended the
course of policy pursued by Government; he insist
ed on the probability of continuance of the peace; he
rather slipped over the Polish and Italian question,
and got rid of the claims of Belgium by abusing the
Belgians. They talk to us, said he of Poland, of
Italy and Belgium,—Poland enforces the admiration
even of its enemies. The events of Italy follow in
rapid succession,—she cannot expect any assistance
except in the way of negociation; France will fulfil
hey duties of Humanity. As to Belgium, why will
you, gentlemen of the Chamber, in leaving as you
have, the liberties and independence of the country
in taithful hands, fear not for the throne you have
made. Let your devotion trust in ours—lor either
the power shall fall from our hands, or France shall
see accomplished the happy but difficult, union of a
regular government and extended liberty. The
minister came down amidst loud bravoes and was
surrounded and congratulated by a crowd of meni
bers.
On the 14th, the Debate was resumed. An a-
mendment or new project of M. de Mosbourg,
was objected to by M. Charles Dupin, who called
for the previous question on the amendment. A
spirited conversational debate ensued in which Mr-
Odillon Barrot insisted that the Chamber had no
right to delegate the power of laying a tax, or to
allow the ministry to fix its amount. He contend
ed that it was a disarrangement of the powers of
government, and would lead to commotions. ‘Be
sides, said he, you are supposing a case of actual
necessity, of which the ministry is to be the judge.
You do not determine the amount of the tax, to*
you establish a maximum.’
N. Barthe. Yes, we might not want more than
thirty millions.
M. Odillon Barrot.—The Ministry might not levy
more than thirty millions, it is true; but we do not
know Imt what twenty would be sufficient. Yon
restrict yourselves to a minimum, & say to the ex
ecutive. ‘You are to he the judge both of the ne
cessity and of the amount of the tax; you give them
a power of attorney. Nor is this oil. A vote to
lay an impost is not simply confined to passing on iyj
necessity &, quantity, but also on its nature. It lie-
longs to the legislative powers to appreciate itsnaturo
and objects. What would you think of a tax in the
abstract? It would not be a tax. He contended
that the doctrine of the omnipotence ofParliament
had no application to a government in which all
piowers were defined, and concluded by saying, that
to vote for this law would be an abuse of power,
and an unhappy termination of the course which
the Chamber had to pursue.
After some debate, M. Dupin the elder, vindi
cated the constitutionality ol the proposed law.—
He said the example of England ivas used on any
point which suited convenience, and as readih com
batted whenever it did not. He asked what was
the reason that the proposed law should find oppo
nents among two sets of politicians, whose opinions
ordinarily conflicted. They agreed in one point—
that was in desiring war. "Tlie motive he would
not enquire into such, was the fact; and yet neither
of them would grant the supplies lor it. " It seemed
as if it was absolutely necessary to go to Avar first,
and be sure of being engaged in it, to obtain means
for carrying it on.
“The present ministry, he said, had not disavow
ed it succession to that which proceeded, but had
declared it would not accept it without the privi
lege of examination—(taking an inventory.) It
must therefore be prepared to execute the task im
posed on it. All should be prepared, those who de
sire war in the first instance, and even those desi
rous of peace—for I cannot too often repeat it, we
do not wish for peace, at every cost; and at the ve
ry instant which war should become inevitable, it
Avould be engaged in with the same ardor, both *>y
those w ho provoked it in advance, and hv those who
have thought it tlieir duty to put it off' until its ne
cessity w as demonstrated.
“ Let it not be supposed that the voice of France
will not make itself heard in Europe, or that the
language of her ambassadors and diplomacy,
speaking in tlie name of a powerful nation, wul not.
be listened to. I doubt not tnai Austria, who v. ouid
lose more than she w T ouid gain by war, who could
not gain by it, will promptly listen to the repreut-n-*
tations of our embassador, and will draw her troops
from Italy.
M. de Tracy opposed tlie law amidst considers*
ble interruption, pai ticularly when making allusions
to the diSiuri.-aiiCi s jii Italy.
The Muiister of Foreign Affairs, after stating
that the pure honest and loyal character oi the pre
vious speaker, prevented him from ascribing ro his
strong expressions, a meaning they were not intend
ed to convey, proceeded as follows: “We ate ac
cused of having calumniated a neighboring people.
No, gentlemen, we know that people to he worthy
of all esteem, and they will receive our constant
support. But we refuse that support to meddling
aspirants avIio struggle to break down the Govern
ment of their country, with the view solely of sub
stituting anarchy lor the authority of their iUv-.r
Just to all, we confound not with such men, the
sound, pure and noble part of the Belgic nation.
It has been said that France has done nothing lb/
Belgium. I si tall not calculate its services oi its
benefits. I appeal to Belgium herself; she will not
forget them. [Expressions of assent.] I return
to the question. Different speakers have repre
sented the law under discussion, as being useless
and unconstitutional. They have said the “Mi
nistry incessantly opposes tlie foresight of those
who consider war as inevitable, and holds out the
hope—the certain assurances it has of peace.—
W T e have given it a budget ordinaty and ex
traordinary—it was embarrassed with* a floating
debt; a hundred millions have been recently vot
ed to relieve it. The Minister of War has de
clared, that 100 millions were wanted to cover the
expenses contingent on passing from a state oi'
peace to that of war; but these 100 millions ought to
be divided by nine for the last nine months of their
actual employment, and from this time to the con
vocation of a new chamber, the floating debt which
we have relieved ought to meet the exigency of
circumstances.*
Such is pretty much the argument of the op
ponents of the law. The speaker who has present
ed these objetcions has lost sight both of the poli
tical situation of Europe, and the state of Frenqh
finances.
Franee has shown herself to foreign nations anx
ious for the preservation of peace, but at the 6ame-
time, for the support of her dignity, and its being
guarded from any assault. This wilj continue to
be her s t em. But to reap the fruits of it* ahe
must be ready for w®*, rwh to nee* «py
