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forbidding the reporters admitted, on the floor, or
editors of newspapers, or other persons, from mak
ing any publication of the testimony, &tc. of the case,
pending the trial.
On this motion a wide debate ensued, which
having continued an hour, to put an end to its far
ther extending, Mr. P. withdrew the motion.
The accused was then brought in, attended by
his counsel, (Francis S. Key, Esq.) and placed at
the bar of the House.
The Speaker announced to him the charge on
which he was brought before the House; demand
ed of him if he was ready to proceed to trial, or
it' he had any previous request to make ol the
House.
The accused replied that he was ready to pro
ceed to trial, but submitted a paper, through his
counsel, which was read, protesting against the au
thority of the House to proceed against him in the
matter alleged; but avowing himselt at the same
time prepared to.submit to any course the House
might think proper to adopt; and concluding with
a request lor permission to make a motion prelimi
nary in its nature, if the House should determine
to proceed.
After a good deal of conversation, it was resolv
ed to receive the motion which the accused desired
to make.
Mr. Key then, after some prefatory remarks,
moved that a particular memlier of the House (not
named) who had expressed in debate an opinion
unfavorable to the accused, should be excluded
from sitting as a member ou the trial.
On motion the accused was then ordered to with
draw from the bar. and was with his counsel con
ducted out of the House.
A debate followed on this motion, and continued
some time, when it was stated by Mr. Archer that
lie had received a request from the counsel of the
accused to be permitted to withdraw the motion.
Leave was given. The accused and counsel
were again admitted, when the motion was for
mally withdrawn.
The Speaker then, (after the clerk had read to
the accused the letter of Mr. Stanbeky) pm the
first inierogatory, directed by order of the House,
yesterday, as follows:
I) i von admit or deny that you assaulted and heat the
said Slasher**, as he hat lepr.-scntf-it in the. letter which
has hern read, a c ipy of which lias been delivered to you
by the order of the llorr.c ?
The accused replied that his counsel would res
pond to the interrogatory for hint; whereupon Mr.
Key read from a paper,substantially, as follows :
He denied the charge in the form in which it was
set forth; he admits that he felt great indignation
0:1 reading the remarks of M *. Stanbery, as re
ported in the Intelligencer, charging him with of
fences derogatory to his honor and character, of
which lie w as innocent. He says that he inquired
of Mr. Stanbery if the report truly set forth what
ho had said, which inquiry Stanbery refused to an
swer. He adtni's that he was greatly exet-d by
the manner of this refusal, and did, on accidentally
meeting with Mr. Stanbery, heat him. He says
that he himself was armed only with an ordinary
walking slick; that Mr. S. was armed with pistols;
that he met him several hours a for the House had
adjourned, a half a mile from the Capitol, on the
sale of the street opposite that of Mr. Stanberv’s
!w Lungs. He denies that in wdiat passed he in-
fmuled to commit a contempt against the House,
or a breach of the privileges of its members. He
denies that the act involves such a contempt or
breach; and is prepared to justify bis conduct, as
far as the House is concerned, by proof and argu
ment.
The second interrogatory was iW )>»! to *Lo_
accused by the Speaker, as follows:
Do vou admit, or deny that the said assault and beat
ing were done for and on account of words si token by the
said Stanbery in the House of It enre:-eiuatr.es in de
flate ?
to which the accused replied that the response
given to the first interrogatory, embraced an an
swer to the second, and he declined giving any
other.
The House then, on motion, postponed further
proceedings iu this case until to-morrow at twelve
o'clock, and the accused was conducted from the
bar.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
April 19.
The hour having arrived for taking up the com
plaint against Samuel Houston, late of Tennessee,
lor an assault and battery committed upon Mr.
Stanbery, a member of this House for words spo
ken in debate—
Mr. Conner of North Carolina, renewed the
motion which he yesterday made, to discharge the
accused from custody upon his giving bail to at
tend the House from day to-day.
Mr. Mitchell, of South Carolina, moved to amend
the resolution, so as absolutely to release the ac
cused from custody, ar.d supported the motion on
the ground of light and precedent from the history
of other countries.
To this course of argument, Mr. Dickson, or
New* York, replied at some length, by argument
and historical references which appeared io him
directlv to contradict the position taken by Mr.
Mitchell.
lie was followed bv Mr. Speight, of North Car
olina, who requested Mr. Mitchell towithdra«f*his
motion, on the ground that the accused himself
was desirous that no impediment should be inter
posed to the progress of the trial.
Mr. Mitchell thereupon withdrew* Ids motion,
and oa the motion of Mr. Sjjeight the resolution
moved by Mr. Conner was ordered to lie on the
table.
Mr. Houston was then brought to the Bar, at
tended bv his Counsel, Francis S. Key, Esq. and
to the question of the Chair, whether he was ready
to proceed with his trial, answered in the affirma-
i ive.
Mr. Coulter, in behalf of the Committee appoint
ed to conduct the investigation, said it would be.
proper tnat the Hon. Mr. Stanbery, a member ol
this House, should be called upon to testily in the
matter belore the House.
Tne usual witness-oath was then administered
by the Speaker to Mr. Stanbery.
Mr. Coulter then sai.l to the witness, You will
now* proceed to state to the House the facts and
circumstances connected with the assault and bat
tery,. alleged to have been committed on you by
rhe respondent lor words, as alleged, spoken in
your place in this house.
Mr. Stanbery then delivered a particular ac-
I’ount ofthe occurrence briefly detailed in bis let
ter to the House. The testimony was taken down,
ut the request ofthe House, by Mr. Gales, hut it
is not in our power to obtain at present a copy of
ir For publication. It was clear and direcot as to
the tacts already averred in Mr. Stanbery’s letter;
and it was disclosed, in addition, that on the 4th
inst. (the. assault was on the 13iii) Mr. Houston ad
dressed a letter to Mr. Stanbery, demanding an
explanation whether in the Speech made iiT (lit
House of Representatives, he (Mr. S.) meant to
impute fraud to Mr. H.—to which Mr. S. return-
♦ d for answer that he did not recognise the right
a>i the respondent to question him in that manner.
After Mr. S's. examination by the committee of
the House, some questions were propounded to
him by the Counsel for the respondent, one of
which being objected to, but the I douse determin
ing that it should be put, brought the House into
a difficulty, resulting in divers motions to get rid of
it, which lasted to a late hour.
The question thus propounded by the respon
dent’s Counsel, w*as in the following tbrm, being
put immediately after the reading bv the Clerk, in
i he way of evidence, of that part of Mr. Stanberv’s
Speech in which the respondent’* name was men
tioned: ‘-These remarks thus published, impute
fraud to the accused: Had you then, or have you
n uv, any evidence of the correctness of such impu
tation?”
To ihjs question, Mr. Stanbery answered in
substance that it was no part of hw intention to
fmpute any fraud to Governor Houston: Ids
had been introduced into his speech, only to identi
fy the transaction to which he had reference. The
charge was intended against .the late Secretary of
War, and against the President of the United
States, if he, as represented, had knowledge ofthe
attempted fraud and did not disapprove ol it. Re
specting the proof'of fraud in the case—
Mr. Stanbery having proceeded thus far, was
stopped by an objection to the relevancy of any
testimony which alter what he had testified already,
he might go on to give.
A great number of gentleman spoke, and ma
ny motions were made, withdrawn, and modified.
The pending question, when the House deter
mined to adjourn, was upon giving leave to the
counsel for the respondent to withdraw the ques
tion, with the avowed intention to move another,
which lie thought would avoid the perplexity in
which this discussion had involved the House.
Further proceedings were postponed to to-mor
row, I-2 o’clock, M. and
At 5 o’clock, the House adjourned, after a ses
sion of six hours.
April 20.
A proposition was made by Mr. Clay, of Ala
bama, the object of which was to regulate the fur
ther proceedings in the case of Gen. Houston;
which, after debate, was laid on the table.
At the hour of 12, the Respondent was again
brought to the Bar. At the request of Mr. Stan
bery, his testimony of yesterday was read over
again, and he corrected two immaterial passages,
unless it be deemed material to say that the Mr.
Armstrong, whose name he mentioned having
heard, was “of Tennessee, and of course not the
member of this House of that name.
Mr. Stanbery then stated that when stopped
in his testimony yesterday, he had not finished all
lie had to say to the assumption contained iu the
question by lhe Defendant’s Counsel.
The question depending, upon the adjournment
of yesterday, being on the motion of Defendant’s
Counsel, for leave to withdraw the question to
♦lie witness which yesterday caused the difficulty,
with the view of presenting a substitute, was again
stated, and decided in the affirmative—Ayes 86,
Noes G5.
The question then recurred on the motion of Mr.
Archer, (made yesterday,) that the question put
to the witness has been already sufficiently an
swered.
After some debate, Mr. Vance rose and said
that he thought his colleague (Mr Stanbery,) had
been niisnnderstoood in his testimony. His col
league never had said that he had no intention of
imputing fraud to the Respondent. He had said
that the words uttered by him in debate were not
intended to impute fraud in that individual. But
he had not exonerated him from that imputation;
and it lie was permitted to go on, he would explain
what lie wished to have said.
Mr. Archer then withdrew his motion for the
present, understanding that it was the desire of the
witness to add to what he had said upon the first
member of the question proposed to him.
Mr. Stanbery then proceeded with his testi
mony, and slated substantially that though in
making the remarks which had been quoted, he
had not intended to impute fraud to Governor
Houston, yet, if he was called upon now to ex
press an opinion whether he be guilty of fraud or
not—
When Mr. Stanbery had gone thus fir, he was
interrupted by an objection to the relevancy of
the testimony hewas about to give, so far as it con
sisted of the opinion of the witness.
This gave rise to a conversation which ended
ign motion hv Mr *’-»■» - fp ——
sider tlie vote by which the House yesterday
agreed that the question should be put to the wit
ness.
After a good deal of debale on this question, on
motion of Mr. Stewart, the Previous Question
was demanded and sustained by the House.
The question was then taken by Yeas and Nays,
ou reconsidering the vote of yesterday, and decided
in the negative—Yeas 62, Nays 114.
The interrogatory propounded to the witness
by the Respondent’s Counsel was again read, and
Mr. Stanbery (the witness) resumed his evidence.
He went on to say, in substance, that he did not
desire to be understood, by what he had already
stated,- of acquitting Governor Houston of partici
pation in this fraud. He was a private citizen,
and he had no object in bringing his character in
question. But, if called up@n to express an opin
ion upon the subject, be would say that he did, at
the time of uttering the remarks which were the
ground ofthe interrogatory, and that he did now,
believe that Gov. Houston did participate in the
attempted fraud. He should state the evidence
that he had of his participating in if. Mr. S. said
lie was a member of this house in 1930, at the
time the proposals for making the contract for
Indian rations were published. He was informed
that the object of the proposals was to invite a
contract—
At this point Mr. S. was interrupted by excep
tions to the nature of (lie testimony as irrelevant.
Sundry motions, divers questions of order, and
numerous speeches were made, which occupied
perhaps two hours. At length
Mr Stanbery resumed his testimony, stating
why, in 1S30, he believed Genera! Houston to be
concerned, Slc. After which he produced, as the
evidence upon which he now believed the same
thing, a deposition of Luther Blake—
Here the Counsel lor the Respondent objected
to this deposition being read as evidence, because
of informality, and want of date, and lor want of
proof that it was the best testimony which the case
admitted of.
Finally, on motion of a Member, the deposition
was read at the Clerk’s table, that the Members
might know, as well as the Counsel, what was the
character of the paper.
The question then arose, whether this paper
should lie received as a part of ihe witness’s testi
mony; and, hereupon, the question living consider
ed a new and serious one, at fair o’clock the House
postponed further hearing ofthe case to 11 o'clock
to-morrow. And then
The House adjourned.
FROM THE NEW-YORK ENQUIRER, APRIL 16.
Interesting from .Mexico.—We received on Sat
urday by the Vera Cruz packet ship Virginia, the
following late and interesting communication from
our correspondent there, it precludes the necessity
of making any translations from the newspapers
received by the same conveyance, the connected
detail of recent events in Mexico given by our cor
respondent conveying to the reader a far'more sat
isfactory view of the present state of affairs there
• han is to be collected from the public prints. The
measures taken by our Consul at Vera Cruz for
the protection of American interests in the critical
position they are now placed, appear to us very
appropriate. The arrival ofthe Grampus there is
also a strking proof ol (lie foresight and prudent
management that now prevails in our naval depart
ment.
Vera Cruz, March 14th, 1832.
To the Editms of the Courier §• Enquirer :
Gentlemen :—On the 3d inst. a battle was
(ought at Toloinar, a village 25 miles from this
place on the road to Mexico; lie tween the Govern
ment troops,under the command of Gen. Calderon,
and Gen. Santa Anna’s troops, which ended in the
complete rout of the latter. The number of killed,
wounded and prisoners is unknown, though the
action is said to have been the most bloody'Vhich
lias been fought in this country since the earlier
periods of the revolution. Calderon had moved
from his camp near Santa Fe, on the 1st—induc
ed thereto, either by the want of provisions, the de
sertion of his troops, or perhaps by policy, '& occu _
pied the bights ofloloinar, where he was overta
ken on the 3d by Santa Anna, who marched out
of tins city on the 2d. About six days previous
ly,, Santa Anna had marched by Calderons camp
at Santa Fe, and upon the same heights of Tolo-
uar, had captured a Conducta, conveying money
and munitions of war to Calderon, made prisoners
of all the escort, and reached this city again, with
out meeting with any loss. So complete was the
rout and dispersion of Santa Anna’s troops, that
scarce any ten men returned in a body ; the Gen
eral was separated from his Aids and the Army,
and reached the city next morning at 5 o’clock, ac
companied only by a lew Irachos—the officers were
separated from the troops, and the troops from each
other. Had Calderon have followed up his advan
tage, and marched immediately upon the city, it
would have fallen before him in all probability;
but most unaccountably, he remained upon the
battle ground for several days, and has since re
turned to his old quarters at Santa Fc. In the
mean time tiie stragglers have come in—some bo
dies of men are organized—confidence is restored
to Santa Anna’s friends—and tlie city is, perhaps,
in as good a condition now to sustain an attack, as
it was belore the battle. What detains Calderon
so long at his camp, is a matter of much conjecture,
and none seem to know. Whether he is waiting
for reinforcements, or for some tssistance by sea, or
whether he seriously meditates an attack on this
city, is all a malter of speculation. Santa'Anna’s
present force is aliout 1800 men of all sorts: Calde
ron’s is said to be about 2500.
The American brig Maria Louisa, from Philadel
phia, was purchased, a few days since, by Gen.
Santa Anna, for the sum of $13,000, and is to be
armed with 10 guns. The professed object of this
measure is, to be able to operate against a small
naval force which, it is said. Government are fit
ting out at Campeche, and also against three
schooners, which it is said, Government have pur
chased in New-Orleans and are now arming at
Tampico for the purpose of blockading Vera Cruz.
Seme time in February last, Congress passed a
law, declaring the port of Vera Cruz closed after
the 1st ofMaach, interdicting with it all communi
cation after that time, and ordering all payments
for duties to be paid, either at the General Treasu
ry, or at the nearest Commissariat out of Vera
Cruz. We are, therefore, now cut off from all
communications with the interior, and are absolute
ly, as ignorant of what is going on there, as if we
were in New York. For some weeks previous to
this strict non-intercourse, the public papers did
not circulate,"nor did all private letters find their
true destination. But no tv, the mails are entirely
stopt—expresses are forbidden—and the innocent
traveller is detained on the way —Commerce is,
literally, defunct, for the time being—the shops are
mostly closed,—the goods are packed up—nothing
is doing—nothing to be seen, but a Soldier—no
thing to be heard but the drum and fife. Our
Consul 1ms advised the American merchants to
make, for the present, no payment, of duties, unless
by compulsion : not to tiie government, because,
by their arancel, or tariff law, import duties are
payable here, and there can be no change in the
arancel without 6 months previous notice; not to
Santa Anna, because he has no legal right to de
mand them, and if he compel payment, it will be
made under protest. The consul has also advised
the American merchants to male out certified in
ventories of their goods and effects; one copy of
which is lodged in his office, that in case ofa saquco
ofthe city, or any robbery by the troops, our gov
eminent may at once be possessed of the requisite
proofs in its reclamation on this government. I
believe that all the merchants have adopted this
suggestion.
The present controversy is—let party men say
what they may—a scuffle for the Presidency ; and
I have no idea, that the country will be quiet, or
that commerce will revert to its accustomed char-
A vessel, laden with flour, arrived here a few
days since from New Orleans, and has been allow
ed by Santa Anna to land her cargo. If the city
should be closely invested by Calderon, I have no
doubt, hut that this port will be opened for the re
ception of foreign provisions.
Martial law was again proclaimed last Sunday,
and allunmarried Spaniards were ordered to report
themselves to the General. Whether he will or
der them to leave the country, or whether he will
send them on board the Prison Ships in the Harbor,
is yet unknown.
March 11th.—The packet not sailing as soon as
I expected, I ain enable to add some more intelli
gence.
Yesterday morning a vessel arrived from Tam
pico, bringing information (hat the garrison oft hat
place had declared in favor of Santa Anna—that a
vessel of war,which the government had fitted out
there, had fallen into the hands of the disaffected
—that the Commandant of the garrison had been
compelled to retire with his passport—and that
General Montezuma had promised to remain neu
tral.
The vessel from Tampico brought to this place
some prisoners-, men whom the garrison did not
think it advisable to keep at Tampico. This in
telligence was received with every demonstration
of joy by Santa Anna and his party—the bells
were rung—the cannon were fired, and in the eve
ning ihere was a military procession.
March 21.—The U. S. schooner Grampus, Capt.
Tatnnll, anchored last evening at Sacrificios.—
The first Lieutenant, came up to the city, and told
me that they had left Pensacola on the 6th instant
—had met with a violent btorm at sea—nothing
damaged—all well. She came most opportunely.
We have the prospect now of a regular siege.—
The government Army, under Calderon, took posi
tion, early yesterday morning, at Bergara, an In
dian hamlet, near a league from the city, but in
sight, on‘the sea beach. They appear to have been
occupied yesterday in throwing up breast works.
This morning an attak was made on them by two
gun boats, but I suspect no harm was done, as the
boats were too far off.
(From the JYcw-York Enquirer.)
OFFICIAL.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
By the following letter from our Consul at Tam
pico, it. will be seen that that port has been declar
ed, by the government of Mexico, to be closed to
all commerce. The Globe of yesterday contains
the Decree, by virtue ol which said closure was ef
fected.
To the Hon. Edward Livingston,
Secretary of State.
Consulate of the U. S. of America,
Tampico, March 14 1832.
Sir—I have the honor to inform you that on the
night ol the 10th inst. the troops in this place de
clared against the present government, and have
espoused the cause of Gen. Santa Anna.
Many fears, at first were entertained for the safe
ty of persons and property, but the change was
completely effected without the least disturbance.
I have received a communication fr*m the com
manding officer, stating that the persons and prop
erty of the citizens of the United States, residing
here, will be protected.
According to the first article of ihe enclosed de
cree, this Port will be closed by the Government a-
gainst foreign commerce.
I have the honor to be Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
GEORGE. R. ROBERTSON.
CHOLERA IN LONDON
The following lettter, on the subject of Chole
ra, from our Consul at London, merits attention:
London, 29th Feb. 1832.
Sir: Of the existence of Cholera in London
there appears to be no reasonable ground for
doubting. The fact was at first warmly disputed
in many interested quarters, and was consequent
ly disbelieved by a great portion of the conimuni-
ty.
At Newcastle and Sunderland the same thin"
took place. vThe current of opinion was, in the
origin, very strongly against all who asserted
that this disorder prevailed in those places, and
the number of reported cases diminished, until a
sudden and extensive increase ofthe malady over
whelmed all scepticism on the subject; such will
probably be the course of events here. The disor
der is occasionally manifesting itself in different
parts of the metropolis, making at present, howev
er, a very small aggregate of cases for so large a
population, and, in reality, adding nothing to the
average mortality. On the contrary, that average
is in some districts so much less than that ol the
same period last year, as to give rise to an opinion
that Cholera is a novel mode of death for those
who would have died at about the same period il
this disorder had not appeared. This opinion, how
ever, is very questionable ; for it attacks the young,
the strong and the healthy, as well as those who
arc old, feeble, or sickly.
The contagiousness of the disorder is still a
point of great doubt. Its first appearance here
could not be traced by any specific communication
with persons or places infected. It has also, here
as elsewhere, made its appearance simultaneously
in districts distant from each other, and in individ
uals who have apparently been secluded irotn ali
chances of infection. But then, again, several per
sons in the same house have been attacked at the
same time, and others who have merely passed
through places where it has appeared, have them
selves been the first victims, and probably the ori
gin of it, in places where it afterwards prevailed.
There is one circumstance, however, worthy ol
note, which is, that no report has yet been made
ofthe disorder returning, after the lapse of a con
siderable period, to a family that had once been ex
posed to its contagion within its own walls. 1 be
lieve, also, that amongst the great number ol me
dical men in the country, who have been in at
tendance on Cholera patients, only one has died ol
the disorder in question.
A few ofthe cases in London have been extreme
ly rapid in (heir progress, terminating in the course
of a few hours. The average fatality is nearly
eight to thirteen of the number attacked.
I have the honorto remain.
With the greatest respect,
THOS. ASPINWALL.
To the Hon. Edward Livingston,
Secretary of State.
Quarantine.—The Major General ofthe Army
has issued the following order, for the purpose of
giving clue effect to the quarantine regulations of
ports on the Atlantic coast:—
HEAD QUARTERS OF THE ARMY, )
Adjutant General’s office, >
Washington April 9//t, 1832 j
Commanding Officers of Forts and Stations up
on the sea coast, are in pursuance ofthe act of
Congress, approved Febuarv 22d. 1790, respect-
ingquarantines and health laws, authorised and re
quired faithfully to aid in the execution of any
quarantines or other restraints which may be es
tablished by the health laws of any of the States,
respecting any vessel arriving in, or bound to any
port or district thereof, whether from a foreign
port or place, or from a district within the United
States: Anil such commanding officers are hereby
required to act in conformity with such health laws
and regulations as are or may he established by
the laws of the United States, within their respec
tive precincts and commands.
By order of Maj. Gen. Macomb:
R. JONES, Adjt. Gen.
FOREIGN.
New-i ork, April 18.
From England.—The packet ship Sheffield, cap
tain Hackstaih arrived ■ ■ ■'* u n,TnT ijTY-
crpoor. By her vve have received London papers
to the evening ofthe 6th, and Liverpool to the 8ih
March inclusive.
King Leopold has established a Council of War
before which ail persons are to be tried who shall,
by means ofthe press, excite to desertion, or cor
respondence with the enemy, or any other crime
dangerous to the State. This decree, signed by
Leopold, has been posted up on the walls of Brus
sels. The London Courier remarks on the sub
ject as follows:
“Thus in this boasted land ofliberty, the writer
of a newspaper who may happen to offend the
Government or the bigotted priesthood who gov
ern the Government, may be called before a Com*
Martial, composed, perhaps, of low military ad- f
venturers, and receive sentence of banishment, or
death, whilst the tribunals recognized by the Con
stitution for the trial of offences of the press, look
on in terror Sc amazement. And it is the uncle of
the future Queen of England who has the weak
ness—we will not use a stronger word, for Leopold
is incapable of any deliberate act of tyranny; to
put his name to such a decree of infamy. * We
have supported the Belgians in their just demands,
hut we little imagined that the result would be the
sway of a low tyrannical priesthood, with a Pro
testant Sovereign as their instrument. If the Bel
gians understand liberty so little as to submit to
this, they deserve all that bigotry and tyranny can
impose upon them.”
Greece is provided with a sovereign. The of
fer made bv Greece, Britain, France and Russia,
ofthe crown of that country to Prince Otho, se
cond son ofthe King ol Bavaria, has been accept
ed, and official accounts of the acceptance have
reached London. “The three Great Powers,”
says a London paper of March 2d, “which have
been engaged in this treaty with the concurrence
of Austria and Prussia, will immediately take steps
to enable the King of Greece to provide an efficient
military establishment, and meet the other demands
of expenditure consequent upon his assumption of
the sovereign authority. A Council of Regency
will be named to govern the Kingdom during tiie
minority ofthe King, and especial care will be tak
en not to appoint any person upon the Council
who would be obnoxious to the Greek nation.—
Capodistrias, the brother of the late President,
cannot, of'coursc, be a member ofthe Regency.”
ITALY.
Landing of French Troops.—We iiave at a late
hour received, by an extraordinary [express, the
Paris papers of yesterday, which bring the impor
tant intelligence, that the French expedition had
arrived in Italy. A ship ofthe line and 2 frigates
entered the harbor of Ancona on the 21st ult. at
six o’clock in the evening. A French commissary
then landed, the' Pontifical troops retired at once
into the fortress. The Austrian General, Gru-
bowski, lost no time in publishing the following
proclamation:
Order of the day, Feb 23.—A report having
spread that a naval squadron was about to d : sem-
bark some troops in some harbor on the coast of
the Papal States, and this news having for some
d.lys been the subject of every conversation, good
and tranquil citizens saw in this fact, a presage of
of a melancholy future, because the revolutionary
party rejoiced, and conceived from it new and
chimerical hopes. It must he remarked; that what
ever may be the movements of the French vessels,
such an expedition can be directed but by prin
ciples similar to those which have engaged the
troops of his Imperial Maiesfy to enter the lega
tions, that is to say, principles the object of which
is neither rebellion nor anar.ehv, which tend to
overthrow the authority of legitimate power. The
high powers, comprising France, perfectly agree
upon this point. Whether the reports be true or
false, they cannot give rise to disquiet respecting
the affairs of the Pontifical States, I feel myseff
called upon to give this information to the troops of
the different corps for their guidance.
“GENERAL GRABOWSKI.”
EXTRACT FROM ANOTHER LETTER.
“I often write and receive letters from Mr. Goo-
dell, who is now in Constantinople, afid with his
family are inmates ofCommodore Porter’s house,
and have charge over his domestic estalishment.
It is a fine trait in the Commodore’s character, that
after they had literally lost every thing they had
in the world, by the fire at Pera, lie invited them
to his house soon after he arrived, and makes one
at their daily family altar, and his parlor is Mr. Goo-
deli’s chapel every Sunday.”
London, March the 12.—(From the Courier)—
It is with pain we have to say, that notwithstand
ing the good understanding which exists lie tween
thfs country and France, Lord Palmerston has
thought it necessary to express great discontent at
the occupation of Ancona by the french. Ihe
ieport in tiie highest circles is that Lord I. has
sent a Courier with instructions to our Ambassador,
Lord Granviile. that he should remonstrate against
the conduct of the French Ministers, and demand
that the tri-colored flag should be withdrawn from
the Citadel of Ancona, and that the French troops
should be immediately re-called. 'I he remon
strance is, however, concluded in amicable terms,
and it is not probable that any serious misunder
standing will result. If there is any one thing
which we should consider more dangerous to our
Government than anv other thing, it is the adop
tion, hastily, of the views of other States agamst
France.
v From the JYeie-York Journal of Commerce.
THE PEACE OF EUROPE.
The London Courier ofthe 29th says “We be
lieve that the mission of Count Orloff is decidedly
pacific. The Emperor of Russia, however he may
dislike the recognition of popular righls implied >y
the Treaty of the Conference, is neither disposed
nor prepared to sustain a war with Great Britain
and France, but having pledged his word to the
King of Holland not to ratifv the Treaty without
the concurrence of the latter, he is endeavouring
to bring about an accommodation winch would ex
tricate him from the position in which ne has plac
ed himself. Count Orloff is to endeavour to induce
the King of Holland to accept tiie Treaty, whilst
Prince Lievcns is to use his influence here with
Lord Palmerston and Prince Talleyrand, in the
hope of obtaining certain modifications winch arc
to be taken as concessions from Belgium rather
than as from the Conference, so that there may be
a saving of compromise, by the non-rntifymg par
ties. Such is the course determined by the Bos
nian Cabinet. We shall see how it will work with
Holland and the Conference. At the date of the
last advices lrom the Hague, the King was not
disposed to yield eillier of the great points on
which he has made his stand. Should he peisist,
one of three things must happen.—Nicholas must
descend from his stilts, and trick with Ins ally, or
openly encourage his pretensions to Belgium, or
France and England must give way, and purchase
ratification by modification.”
The Expatriated Polish Amazons—A number of
Polish females, still clad in their national uniform,
passed through Frankfort recently—one of them
bearing rank as a lieutenant, who had been wound
ed on three occasions, attracted much attention.
She looked on silently, but refused to sit down to
the dinner given to the corps to which she belong
ed. I learnt that the death of her son, who fell in
iiis seventeenth year, fighting by her side, after
she had herself been wounded, preyed incessantly
upon her spirits. The most distinguished Pole
who has yet made her appearance tit Frankfort
amor.g us, has been the celebrated Countess Plater;
and her adjutants, the fair companions of her less
cloudy days, are shortly expected to follow her
From the Messenger dcs Chambrcsof 11th
GREECE.
Letters from Greece state that the Opposition
positively reject the nomination of Prince Otho as
King of Greece, and that nothing but foreign in
terference can force him upon the country. Under
this King of fifteen years old, Greece would, they
maintain, be governed by and, become a
r -.,T-ince ot the Czar, even i protected by a consti
tution, which is so easy for Sovereigns to violate or
set aside. The two thirds of the Peloponnesus,
says that the latter, are waiting, until the Roumel-
iote Chiefs had passed the isthmus of Corinth to
join the 5C00 men placed under their command.—
When this junction lias taken place, they will put
down the remains ofthe faction which has govern
ed them for three years. The troops Coloctroni
become daily more unwilling to follow him. A
great number of soldiers have deserted his camp
near Corinth and the Peloponnesus refuse to pro
ceed thither.
IMPRISONMENT OF DR. HOWE
We regret to learn that our estimable and patri-
oticl’ri end, Dr. S. G. Howe, late the efficient a-
gent ofthe Grek Committee ol this city, who was
sent to Berlin by the committee of Paris, of which
he is a member, for the purpose of distributing re
lief to the Refugees traversing Prussia on their way
to France, has heen arrested at Berlin, and thrown
into prison. When the letter which brought this
intelligence was sent off, none of his friends had
hern allowed access to him.
[Dr. Howe’s present visit to Europe was princi
pally for scientific purposes—he having been sent
thither by an association of gentlemen in Boston
who are about to establish a school for the instruc
tion of the blind.]
EORGIA—“Meriwether county.
J E the Grand Jury of the county of Meriwether
chosen to March Term, 1832, make the follow-
ay presentments.
In compliance with our duties, we proceeded to the ex
amination of the books of the county Treasurer, which
-vc found correct We find on examination of the books
of the Clerk of (he Inferior Court, the ent.ryscn:rect,bu?
ihe books in bail order. W c also found the books of the
poor school fund in similar condition. We also examin
ed the books and records of the Clerk of the Superior
Court, and find them in good order.
We very much regret the Law passed by the las:
Legislature, in abolishing the Penitentiary System, and
recommend to our Senator and Representatives at the
next Session to use their exertions to have it re-instated
on improved principles.
We recommend to our Representatives cf the next
Legislature to use their influence to have a law passed to
compensate Jurrors.
The grand jury believing it a priviledge as well as a
duty, to censure any evils that may exist in Govern
ment, as well as society. Wc have taken into consider
ation the great evils that exist in our State from the
numerous number of members in our Legislature.
We therefore in accordance with the views of the
grand jury of Clark county, in part earnestly recom
mend to the citizens of Meriwether county to meet on
the first Monday in May and elect three Delegates to a
Convention, to be held in Milledgeville in June next, for
the purpose of taking into consideration the subject of a
reduction of cur representatives to the Legislature.
We also recommend to our Senator and Representa
tives in the next Legislature, to amend the law so as to
elect the Judges of the Superior court of the difie»em
circuits, by the people of such circuits, who are entitled
to vote for members of the Legislature.
We regret to find our Court House yet unfinished
when the time has long since elapsed, when it should
have been done, and hope the Inferior Court will urge its
speedy completion.
We present as a grcivance, that many of the Justicc;-
of the Peace of this c< unty appear to be in default in no.;
making regular returns of money arising from the sale of
estrays.
In taking leave of his honor Judge Colquett, wc beg
leave to tender him our thanks for the attention he ha.-
bestowed upon the duties of the bench during the present
term.
Also, our thanks to the Solicitor, John W. Hooper for
his prompt attention to the duties of his office.
JOSEPH SENTEL, Foreman.
Francis Jeter, Jonathan White,
Time Beeves, Edward Gresham,
Abner Durham, Jordan Gant,
Young F. Tigner, Henson JY. Jackson,
Jorden Reeves, Gilbert Malone,
Felix Stanley, Kirby Goolsby,
John Herring, Gideon Christian,
W. J. McGehee, Samuel Bailey.
Wilie P. Burks,
We protest against that part calling a Convention.
Samuel Bailey, Abner Durham,
Joseph Sentel, Tyre Reeves,
Gideon Christian i Kirby Goolsby.
Henson JY. Jackson,
We request the Solicitor to have the above present
ments published in the Milledgeville Recorder and
Federal Union.
On inoi ion, Ordered that the pre.- entmentsbe publish
ed agreeable to their requst.
A true extract from the minutes of tins Court. .
LEVI M. ADAMS, Cl’k.
F£D£RAL UNION.
.U1I.I.EDGEV1LI.E, MAT 3, 1832.
0Q~ The Office of the Federal Union is remov
ed to the building recently occupied by J. H. fibre,
on Wayne-street, opposite the State Bank.
MILITARY ENCAMPMENT.—The volun
teer infantry corps, of Clinton, of Forsyth, ol Ma
con, and of Milledgeville, will assemble in the vi
cinity of Macon, on the 8th inst., and will remain
encamped, lor four days, during which, they will
be engaged in the practise of camp-police, and of
military evolutions of the field. Representatives
from the different corps will convene in Macon, ou
the evening of the 7th inst., in order to adopt
such rules as may be deemed proper, for the regu
lation of the encampment. Any other volunteer
companies which may assemble at the rendezvous,
will be received on terms of equality with the com
panies above-mentioned.
REDUCTION.—The firm, decisive, and pru
dent stand taken by Georgia, in opposition to the
unconstitutional power assumed by the supreme
court, has produced the desired effect: and the
Cherokee controversy, which a few weeks ago
threatened furiously to agitate the counrv, is set
tling down in our favor, lar more easily and rapid
ly than wc had anticipated. This great interest,
which has rfccentiy claimed our *aimost exclusive
consideration, now presents no embarrassment to
the most calm and profound deliberation, on tiie
defective parts of our state government. On the
next monday, (7th May) gentlemen appointed to
that duty, by meetings larger or smaller, held in
many of the counties, will assemble in Milledgeville,
in order to adopt measures preparatory to a con
vention ofthe people by delegates, for the purpose
of altering that part ofthe constitution, which reg
ulates the number ofthe inembeis ofthe legisla
ture. It is desirable that this preparatory meet
ing should give such shape to its proceedings, as
shall call forth a full expression ol the judgement of
tiie people, whether there shall, or shall not, be a
convention; and shall at the same time effect, as
far as may be practicable, a general election of del-
delegates from every portion ofthe state. It is the
unquestionable right ofthe people, to re-organize,
and to new-model their government at their plea- -
sure: and when their voice shall have been distinct
ly expressed, let it be obeyed.
To those thinly settled counties, which appre
hend that a convention may reduce their repre
sentation below their just claims, we would sug
gest, that this question is now before the people; *
and that it may not be expected to rest, until it
shall have been decisively settled by them. To
those counties, a postponement ofthe question can
not fail to be disadvantageous. The progressive
settlement of our north-western lands, is continually
increasing against them, the ballacce of population; i
while it is incessantly augmenting the evil ot an. ■'*'
over-crowded legislature. ~ It will be wise in thust I
counties, whose lands do not invite a dense popu- y
lation, promptly to meet this important question, '!
and to fix the ratio of their representation, before '
their comparative weight in the government shr.ll
be still farther diminished. Prudence at least re
quires, that they should elect delegates, in order
tnat they may be fully and fairly represented,
should a convention be held.
PENITENTIARY.—Because we remained si
lent on this subject, during the last year’s canvass,
many persons have concluded that we were oppos
ed to the penitentiary system. Wc take this occa
sion to undeceive them! We are the warm advo
cates of the system. We had reasons, however,
which were entirely satisfactory to our minds for
the course we have pursued. 1st. There were
great prejudices in the public mind against the In
stitution, which, we were convinced' never could
be allayed, till the abolishing experiment was tried.
2d. Nothing we could say would change public
opinion. 3d. Wc knew that a temporary suspen
sion of the penal code could not produce any seri
ous loss to the public funds, as the buildings and
the walls will still remain ready for use. Our 4th.
and most cogent reason was—That a temporary
reign ofthe cropping, whipping, and branding sys
tem, would be the most successful argument for tfic
reviewa! of the system upon a firm and lasting
basis. We have not been deceived. The clamor
against it is already subsiding. The public mind,
free from prejudice, has an opportunity far calm re
flection. Grand Juries are already presenting the
subject—and we should not be surprised to see it
restored by the next Legislature.
The people are ignorant of the nature, extent,
and punishment of crime under the present sys
tem—if we have any thing that deserves the name.
Our criminal code is, at this moment, a perfect jar
gon—a confused medley of Enlish common law-
old statutes revived—the penal code (properly so . 'j
called) here and there repealed, and here and tficre
in force—while the abolishing act places almost ail
punishments at the discretion of the Judges. The
most important crimes, their definition and punish
ment, had become familiar to the Bench, the Bar,
the Jurors, and the people. Now, it is no discredit
to either to say, that the best informed among us,
do not know what the law is, which it may be his
misfortune to violate—nor the penalty he is to suf
fer lor the violation. So that we are living in ef
fect, under a kind of despotism, in which the ac
cused can only be informed of the law and his
punishment, after he is arraigned for trial—if itt-
# 1
deed his counsel and the Court can, even then, give
him the information. This confusion arises lrom
oj
partial innovations upon the common law, made by
Statutes before the adoption of the penitentiary
code—by the changes made in that system during
its continuance—and by the repeal of that system
at the last session of the Legislature. So that out
criminal law is not to be found in any consolidated
code; but is dispensed through old English Sta
tutes and the common—eld statutes, (left out ol ^
Prince’s Digest,) amended, repealed, and revived. - J>
and in statutes enacted since 1820. Can a state o! *t
things he conceived, in a civilized community, more in
iude and barbarous than this ? All criminal codes
ehnnld Iu» sirrmlp nrwl in*r,llir*iMo In tl..,;- nnnoinW
should be simple and intelligible in their principles,
and certain in their sanctions. But while we beast
of the freedom of our institutions, and the repub
lican simplicity of our laws, those laws involve us.
in a Cretan labyrinth the mazes of which we are)
unable to unwind. We do not now design to«
point out its defects in detail. The picture alrea- ;
dy drawn is sufficiently appalling. By repealinfS
ihe Code, we have united the barbarism ol titflj
feudal ages, with the most perplexing uncertain - 1?
ties.
The popular objection to the Penitentiary is d ;C
public expense. The Institution has been badly’
managed—but this does not prove the system itseil
to be bad. As well might the planter abandon th( j
bes1 lands in Georgia, because his overseers ha 1 *
not done their duty. Many of the people, and
many respectable members of the Legislature
seeing this miserable management of the Institu;*|j
tion, had become disgusted with the system itsell*
Some of the latter were instructed by their consti
tuents, to vote for its abolition. Abolition thus ’ ‘
came a necessary sacrifice upon the altar of pu
opinion. Those who thus voted performed tba'
essential duty of republicans—obedience to tb
wiliof their contituente. Ever since Gen. Newnai
managed the Institution, with so much econona]
and anility, that it was a source of revenue a
not of expenditure, the Penitentiary has been
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