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f
———
leaving one bud or more above ground in wet
weather during the spring and summer> they are
then well rooted by the following fall. Those
who have net witnessed this method would be
surprised on seeing to what size the root3 will
grow in one season, frequently from two to four
feet long, appearing as if at least two years old.
Some which were thus planted in the spring leav
ing one bud above ground grew by full to eight,
ton and more feet in length, and the follow ing
season produced some fruit. Scuppernong vines
having even the smallest root will always grow
on being transplanted; indeed it seems nearly im
iituterial whether they have one or many, large
or small roots.'’
‘‘I have two varieties of the scuppernong, the
white and the black, mostly the former which is
the genuine variety, or that principally cultivat
ed in tlm native place of the scuppernong, the
lower part of this State. In propagating from
the seed the black variety is generally produced.
! have however now in bearing a white variety,
which I cull the white muscadine. The fruit re
sembles in taste the common muscadine. It is
good grape but I think inferior to the genuine.”
“The scuppernong I believe does better with
out any trimming, except that at first growth, ne
cessary to prevent its becoming bushy. It seems
to delight unchecked, to spread high and far
over scaffolding.”—American Farmer.
To Extinguish Fire in Chimneys.—A few p:n-
ciies of flour ol‘sulphur thrown at intervals upon
the coals or wood burniug in the fire place, will
speedily extinguish the most raging fire in a chim
ney. The sulphureous vapor has also the advan
tage of pervading the crevices and ramifications
<>f the chimneys, ami completely finishing the com
bustion. A pound of sulphur has effectually put
out, in a few minutes, a fire in a tail chimney,
when the flame rose three or four yards above ihe
tup. A wet cloth should he hung before the fire
place.—elm. dc Chimie. tom. 6.
a pretty considerable grunt, and perpetrated the ed the tragedian; ‘thosi villaaous thirty years
following pun—“JSapUch mulatatf Which means that itave intervened! 1 never thought of taktug
equally “That is a miss,” aild “that is good for i them into account.’
nothing.” I During this great actofs last illness he enjoy-
Arnono the ladies who honoured him with ! ed a few days of convalescence, which produc-
their attentions and admiration, was one remar
kable for her fine hair, who made him a present
of a tomahawk. Black Hawk patted her on
the head and observed to his son, “Ouasacolcn-
damaoua”—“What a beautiful head for scalp
ing
Another lady presented him with a vial of
ed among iiis friends, slight lopes of his eventual
recovery; when De la Vilh, the author of
Charles IX. and a personal friend of Talma, hav
ing returned to Paris, after an absence of soma
months, and learned the newsol his amendment,
made his appearance at the bed-side of tlm iuva-
lid. ‘Ah! my dear friend!’ cried Talma, ‘Vitave
rente nir
’here is an objection to the oath of allegiance
j offered lor utr adoption, growing out of the
otta of roses, which he attempted to drink, but been at the point ot death since we parted!
The American Turf Register and Sporting
Magazine lor January contains a letter from flie
editor, Mr. Skinner, to General Gratiot,on the sub
ject of improving the common breed of horses in
this country by an admixture of the race which
inhabits the southwestern prairies. He suggests
that they might be procured for this purpose either
from the Osjge chiefs or from Ihe herds of wild
horses to be found on the prairies extending to t he
loot of the Rocky Mountains southwest of Fort
Gibson. He expresses his firm persuasion that tire
experiment would result “in giving our horses
belter feet and legs especially; with greater power
<o endure the fatigues of long journeys, the shocks
of the chase, and the violence qf cavalry duty.”
The following attestation to tne excellence of the
prairie breed is quoted from the letter of “an in
telligent officer of the army:”
;•'*<• one lias obv.rvett me osutvrs eanoping over tt.c:.
blandless prairie, under tlicir fervid sun and mountains
aid main mining; tin, gait for hours, viewed tlicir niuscu-
. ir no I handsome .stood* a.id compared his own jatieo
• jig wii.ii tiio iioundiiig and restless animals around in i.
Ti.it Iks cdufeSocJ tiie superiority of their horses ovei
< urs.”
Another correspondent of the same journal says
that the horses of toe prairies evinced prodigious
speed and wind compared with (lit: besl in tiie ar
my; and remarks particularly on their “deep, hard,
black hoofs, flat sinewy limbs, full eyes and large
nostrils—four of the cardinal attributes of tiie
eou.ser.” These horses M. Skinner supposes to
be descended from the Arabian stock, through ihe
celebrated horses of Andalusia, brought into Spain
by the >ors, and exported from Spain to the
American provinces. Tiie Osage warriors are
said to be proud and fond of their best horses, and
particular breeds arc preserved among them for
their excellence.
throw it away in great wrath, exclaiming “Sen
tonaboo/”•—“Give mo some broth ol fire.”
At Washington Black Hawk was much ait-
no ved by die ladies, who seem to have nothing
to do but attend debates in Congress, trials for
murder, ana run after great men. On one oc
casion be got out of all patience, and observed
to the ProphetDebiiinchibison Jekorre \lani-
t 0LL —“What in the d-l’s name do these squaws
want of me?
However, the recollection of the sensations I
experienced at that crisis will be of material ser
vice tome. Some times I fell into utter exhaus
tion, preceded by the most painful excitement,
and an exaltation of mind ending in a vague ab
straction. From this sort of veansome extinc
tion 1 rallied again into lile; but slowly,-tedious
ly,—till at length perfect reason dawned upon
me! My dear De la Ville! you will find how
useful this lesson has been to me in inv new view
Ho was still more savage at the crowds of men] of my part in your play of Charles IX!’—This
' notion of Talma’s, of rendering the experience
of his own death-bead subservient to the purpos
es of his profession, affords, we should imagine,
an unique proof of his devotion to the histrionic
art!
who intruded into his room and stood gaping at
him as tf be had been a mammoth. On one of
these occasions he emphatically exclaimed,
“Eteoue Assin!”—“What a pack of asses!”
Black Hawk being carried to the theatre at
Philadelphia, managed to sleep through the play,
until the applauses of tiie audience at the song
of “Jim Crow,” waked him up. He endured
the first repetition with tolerable resignation;
but on its being encored lbrthe fourth time loud
er than ever, cried out “PeccaOogo agankitchi-
Advantage of Ignorance.—An Irishman hearing
there was a letter in the Post office, weut tor it. On
its being handedjo him he frankly confessed ue
could not read, and requested ihe post master to
open ir, and let him know the contents, which he
very readily did. After gettingall the information
amink pilchi iazo”— 1 “when these barbariaus j he wanted, he knowingly shrugged up his shout-
ome to visit me I a shall treat them to a concert der *> dia 'l^ d for ,,1S P oi,t f nesS ’ a ,'; d dr ‘ - v ° ,
P „ served, “When i have some change Pil call and
From the Atlantic Journal.
Sulphur in 'Frees, to Destroy all Insects preying
on them.
Farmers and gardeners ought to hail with rap
ture.a safe o-.c-j. .....i —\*e
driving away or destroying all the insects, bugs,
caterpillars, lice, unts, which prey upon trees and
often kill them.
Numberless have been the means proposed or
devised to get rid of these troublesome guests,
most of* which are dirty, costly or unavailing.
Our fanners appear to have given up in despair
the hope of preventing the deadly attacks of
curculios on the roots of peach trees, and the
fruits of the plumb tree. Yet an efficacious
mode is said to have been found several years a-
go in France, perfectly efficacious and applica
ble to all cases and all trees. Tiie man who
discovered it, deserved a splendid reward, yet
his name lias not even reached us. But we
claim the honor to have been the first to make
known tiie process in America, in i823, in Ken
tucky, and in 1827 in Philadelphia. Yet trie
most useful knowledge is so slow to spread, that
the fact is hardly known yet, or doubted by those
who know it.
We are happy to be able to publish two direct
experiments in support of the fact and discove
ry-
1st. \\ e bored and plugged with sulphur in
the usual way, a plumb tree which commonly
dropped every year all the plumbs before be
coming ripe, the curculios lodging eggs in their
germs. This was done when tiie tree was in
blossom. On that year hardly any fruit fell,
and the tree produced quite well.
‘2d. Wo find in the Gennesee Farmer, of Jan
uary 29, 1332, that a young willow nearly
killed by aphis or lice, and pismires feeding on
their honey, was quite revived in three days,
and all the lice and ants driven off, by boring
the tree with an auger five feet from the ground
and three-fourths through the diameter, filling
with bimstoiie and plugging tight. Tiie tree
has thrived ever since.
The modus operandi of this singular process
is very easy to explain. The vital energy of
the tree and sap, dissolves the sulphur, carries
it into circulation, and involves it in sulphuric
gas evaporating through all the pores of branch
es, leaves and fruits. This gas is a deadly poi
son to insects and ail animals: it suffocates them
or drives them away us soon as they begin to
smell it; but no injury whatever results to the
tree.
We have never yet heard of any direct ex
periment on peach trees; but we are sure it will
answer quite as well. If the sulphuric emana
tion couid not reach quick enough the roots of
the trees which are commonly attacked, the
plugging must be done near the root or at the
time of the descending sap, when it will sooner
roach the roots. Let it be tried and the result
made known. C. S. R.
come
of wild cats.
Being much pleased with the attention of a
lady, he presented her with tiie seuip of a white
woman of the frontier, which adhered to a beau- j
tiful tuft of Jong black hair, desiring her to wear
it for his sake, this being tiie quintescence of
gallantry among his countrymen. Observing
the lady shrink from this keep-sake, he uttered
in a great huff—“Malatchitche”—“What a ma
licious squaw.”
Black Hawk being invited to a Ball in Phila
delphia, was pressed to join in a dance, where
upon he sent for his ball-dress, consisting among
other ‘things of a buffalo head with horns on.
In this costume, he commenced such an outrage
ous system of capering, accompanied by such
a can la of yellings, that the admirers of nature
and simplicity became greatly alarmed. The
fiddlers gotoutdf tune, tiie ladies screamed, anda
a celebrated dandy burst his boiler—that is to
say, his corsetts, incontinently. The red skin
warrior was highly delighted, and said some
thing which our interpreter did not hear distinct-
1)' enough to comprehend. It sounded, howev
er, he says, very much like a reflection on the
courage of the dandy.
He was very unwilling to visit Castle Garden
after the catastrophe of the broken bridge, sus
pecting there was a design to give him a duck
ing, but was at length overpersuaded to go and
see the fire-works, wnich however he did not
relish, observing, “It was nothing to setting fire
to a Prairie, or burning up a Long Knife Town.”
Black Hawk is a great amateur of naps. He
passed a considerable portion of his time in
sleeping-—and the rest in .irinking, when he
could get it. Seeing a man in custody of a po
lice officer, he inquired what was the matter.—
On being informed that tiie man was drunk,
and that they were going to shut him up till fie
was sober, lie shrugged his sholders and said,
'‘Mauiton Xouchitnou Kickerima"—“The D-l
take such republicanism.”
A distinguished member of the temperance
socictv m I fed f« hio mm 11, iu an obliga
tion to refrain from ardent spirits. • On the sub
ject being explained to him, lie very coolly call
ed for his tomahawk, and was going to annihi
late the member, had he not been prevented.—
As it was, however, he let him off with a speech,
which is too long to translate. It oonoiudcd
with an assurance, that if tiie member would
only visit him at his wigwam, he would not be
such a “nigger” as to treat him in that manner.
The most curious thing extant of Black Hawk,
however, is a letter dictated to his wife, wiiich
is now in the hands of the translator, and will
be laid before- our readers as soon as finished.
—New York Courier and Enquirer.
POLITICAL..
When Black Hawk was at Old Point Comfort,
fie was generally rathei dull, whence many poo.
pie supposed he might be in want of amusement.
A beautiful young lady accordingly sat down
ut the piano and played, for two hours and a
half, some of the most admired Italian airs. She
was delighted at the charmed attention exhibited
?>y the illustrious red man, who neither moved
or uttered a syllable, and on finishing looked
round for his applause, but found him as fast a-
#'.yep *w •church, On being fraked. lei gave
American Gold.— Plie mineral riches of
this country are as yet but partially explored;
but enough is known to convince us that it is
surpassed, in this respect, by few countries in
the world. Our iron, coal and lead mines are
of excellent quality, and perfectly inexhausti
ble. Within a few years past it lias been ascer-
tuined that a range of Gold Mines extends for
hundreds of miles through the interior of the
country East of the Mississippi. In Virginia,
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Ala
bama and Tennessee, this valuable mineral has
been found in considerable quantities. Gold
was first received at the Mint for coinage from
North Carolina in 1804; from no other State
until 1829. From 1804 to 1823 inclusive, the
amount received did not exceed $2,500 per an
num. In 1824, $5,000: 1825, $17,000; 1826,
$20,000; 1927. $21,000; 1828, $4(3,000; 1829.
$140,000; 1830, $406,000: 1831, $520,000;
IS32, $078,000. Total in 4 years $1,804,000.
Total since 1804, $1,913,000. It is calculated
that the amount of American Gold coined du-
ring the last year of which we huve returns,
does not much exceed one half of the amount
actually obtained from the mines during the
same period; the remainder having been export
ed in an uncoined state, or used in the arts.—
Consequently the whole production of the mines
during ihe year 1832, may be set down at not
less than $1,250,000. Discoveries recently
made render it probable that the amount will
hereafter be much increased.—New York Jour
nal of Commerce.
Anecdote or Talma.—A remarkable char
acteristic of this great actor was, the almost
childish simplicity of his manners in private
life. One day, at dinner, he wtts introduced to
the Chevalier Aude, who had lately returned to
Paris after a very long absence. The Chevalier
was then a thin, tottering, grey-headed old gen
tleman of sixty. Talma appeared to be struck
with the name. ‘Pray Monsieur le Chevalier,’
said he, ‘how is your son?—‘I have no son, sir,’
was the answer.—‘Ah! how long has he been
dead?’—‘I never had a son,’ replied the Cheva
lier,—‘That’s very odd!’ continued Talma:
‘Surely I am not mistaken in the name? I per
fectly well recollect acting (about thirty years
ago, at my outset in my career) in a piece which
was written by a Chevalier Audc—a fine, tall,
handsome young fellow of about thirty:
and yon are not his father!’—‘Alt! my dear
Monsieur Talma,’ said the Chevalier with a sigh;
I am that identical, fine, tall, handsome, youna
follow—of thirty years age.’—*Pardil’ exelaim-
SOUTH CAROLINA LEGISLATURE.
Mr. M'IFillit s remarks on the Military bill.
Mr. Speaker: It is with the most unfeigned regret,
i hat l lee! myself compelled to embark in this debate.
Some days since, when the bill was under consider
ation, proposing to engraft on tiie constitution of
this State a provision requiring an oath of allegi
ance to be administered to all person accepting of
fice under the Slate, I «-«named silent. I did so
from the most hea-uelt anxiety to promote the
harmony of ‘his house and of the country. 1 then
did not* imagine that the question of allegiance,
now pressed upon our consideration, was to be
agitated in any other form, during the present
session. I did no* suppose that this house would,
on one day, ask the grant of a constitutional power,
and on the next, exercise the same power, in <iefi
ance of opinions previously indicated. Why amend
the constitution, if you now have the right to re
quire an oath of allegiance? The question, as to
the constitutional amendment, I was willing to see
submitted fairly and without argument, on either
side, to the people. For tiie question was one of
conscience; and my wish was, that each man might
examine it tor himself and determine without the
bias of party construction. In this wish, I have
been disappointed. Since then, we have had a re
port to this house, from the committee on Federal
Relations, defining the nature of sovereignty and
allegiance; whtew report is now in print, and claims
from the citizen an «vclusive allegiance to the
State. The bill to amend the inni.*n. was the
wooden horse; the present biil and the report, are
but a part of tiie concealed armament. As gen
tlemen on the opposite side of the question (the
advocates of tiie oath) have thought proper to give
their opinions, I must do the same.
it I were to give a definition of the term allegi
ance, I would say ; tint (in this country) it was the
obligation on the part of the citizen, of obedience
to tiie law. Tiie lerm, however, is not strictly ap
plicable to our republican institutions. It implies
snpe iority in one, anJ inferiority in others; end
consequently, expresses more properly, the rela
tions existing between a Prince and his subjects.—
I'he best authors express it to be, the obligation ol
obedience on the part of the subject to his Prince.
In this country, we have no subjects, nor have we a
Prince—our’s is a government of la us. and not of
men. I am bound to obey no man but as he is the
instrument, or organ of the law: uor can 1 be con
trolled, ot bound, otherwise ttian by law.
If gentlemen, by tiie use of the term allegiance,
intend to express an obligation beyond tiie law, I
challenge them to define it. Do tiiev, by me pro
posed oath of allegiance, intend to fund the affec
tions, or control volition? This is impossible; you
can only legislate lor actions—not feelings. A lien
if aiiegiance does not express tiie obligation of obe
dience to the law, or the attachments of the ueart,
there is but one oilier obligation which it can ex
press. It is 1 hat of passive obedience and non-
resistance, to State authority, be it right, or be it
wrong. I presume gentlemen will not venture
upon ail argument leading to'this dilemma, The
right to resist oppression, is at the bottom of our
institutions. All governments, according to the
Declaration ol Independence, are limned lor the
protection ol the governed, in tne pu suit of Hap
piness, and whenever they become destructive ol
this end, it is the right of the people to abolish
them, ii will not be said by those advocating this
measure, 1 presume, that ii - Robespierre, Damon
and Mara*, were now at tlie head of affairs in
South-Carolina, and had the guillotine in full opera
tion, and tue spirit of the people broken down Dy a
military despotism—that if 1 hud taken the pro
posed oath, 1 would be gutiiy of perjury, and a
violation of tny allegiance to the State, if*1 should
dare to resist them. If this be true, Washington
was perjured when he resisted Briiisii domination:
Hampden was a traitor i<» liberty; and Brutus vio-
iate.l his allegiance to Ro:«e, wuen he stabbed
Utesar in the 9enatc Cuamber. It ibis is tiie con
clusion to vviiion thisoatti is to bind us-
“Te!l it not loudly nor elate,
But us Angels, ior u good nun's sin,
Weep U> record, and blush to give it in.”
Il I am right, M j . Speaker, m my definition of
the term allegiance. I have no hesiiation in admit
ting my obligations to the State. If I am wrong,
I call upon gentlemen to teil me what else they
mean, or intend, by the proposed oath—and to
what extent I am to he bound, hevond the present
constitutional oath; which binds me to support the
constitution of this State, and of the United States.
I would ask if it is intended by an oailt of alle
giance, to fix and command the military services
ol the people? This may be inferred, |>erliaps,
lrom the obligation of allegiance, during the feudal
times; or, even at present, iy Europe, l'iiere tue
peopie are bound by their allegiance, to support tiie
King in his wars. In South Carolina, this object
would not seem to be necessary; lor, i>v the con
stitution ot the United Slates, we have expressly
granted to the General Government, the rignt to
make war. In lime of peace, we have not even
the right to “keep troops.” Nor can vve “engage
ill war, uness actually invaded, or in such immi
nent danger, as will not admit of delay.”
I am at a loss to determine, on rational or polili
cal grounds, why this change is desired—why ihis
new oath is to be imposed. The present oath re-
quiresthe performance of every do y: the one pro
posed can do it) more: then why change it? It is
sporting, (trifling 1 might say) with the richest in
heritance ol our fathers—the choicest fruit of the
revolution. Then we threw off - the obligation of
allegiance to Kings, and assumed the duty of con
formity to law’. During the revolution, an oath of
allegiance and fidelity to the State was required,
not only from all officers, but from each citizen; and
die framers of our constitution, with the know
ledge, from experience, of the inefficacy of such an
oath, and of the restraint which it imposed upon
liberty, wisely neglected il, and adopted the pre-
r.it tusMt.uious; ..tit we consent to a relrogravU
movement?
r
now _ .
spirit of the times, and the previous action ol <he
State, on this subject. The constant utfirmatioool
allegiance to tiie State, will act on the public mind,
as a negation of allegiance to the Untied Slates:
and thus gradually fritter away our nationalfeelmgs.
The oath of allegiance to the Slate, taken in con
nexion with the ordinance ol tiie Convention ot
March Iasi, may, l>y some, be understood as a n oa h
of abjuration of allegiance to the United States;
and, perhaps, properly so; lor ihe ordinance is m
the following words:—“We do further ordain and
declare, ihaT the allegiance of the citizens of this
Slate, while the> continue such, is due to tiie ..said
State; and that obedience only, and not allegiance,
is due by them to any oilier power or authority, to
whom a control over them has been, or maybe del
egated by itie State.” Further by the said ordi
nance, the power is given io this legislature, “to
provide fir ihe administration, to tiie citizens and
officers of the Slate, or such of the said officers as
they may t ;ink fit, of suitable oaths or affirmations,
binding them to tiie observance of such llegiauce,
and abjuring al! other allegiance.” Now, if the
ordinance is taken as the expositor of the obligation
of allegiance, can it be doubted, that rite oath of
aiiegiance to tiie State, now proposed, is equivalent
to an oath of abjuration of'iff other allegiance'* 1
think this is beyond question-
I may be mistaken, but l think that I can show,
by what lias been called the “Carolina doctrine,
and the Constitution of the United Slates,, that, if
allegiance is due to the State, it is also due to the
United States, i presume it will not be contended,
that a sovereignty cat) exist without having citi
zens; or, that a sovereignty can exist vy nose'citizens
do not owe it allegiance. The constitution of the
United States asserts, and recognizes that the
United Slates has citizens. To wit: “No person
shall be a Representative, who shall not Itave at
tained to the age of twenty-five years, and been
seven veais a citizen of the United States, and ho
shall not, when elected, he an inha itantof that
State in which he shall he chosen.” Tliis is co.i-.
elusive that the United States has citizens; and
there mav be such a tiling as a citizen of the Unit
ed States, who has never been in any State, and
who is not a citizen of any State: tor instance, per
sons born iti the Territories, or >!»<■ District o< Co
lumbia. So much tor oitinelld.
I now endeavor to prove the United States
to be a sovereignty. I would not suppose it possi
ble for any man to read rite constitution >>f the
United Stales understandingly, and to doubt upon
this subject. This is the true and proper source
from which to draw authority on ibis subject. But
as I have by me that which will not he denied as
authority by gentlemen opposed. !o me, 1 will pro
ceed to use it. I refer to she exposition adopted
by rhe Legislature of this State in 1828,—(said to
be written bv Mr. Calhoun.) This is an orthodox
production, and I take it lor granted, what i; asseris
will not be denied. The following are extracts
from it: “Our system then consists of two distinct
and independent sovereignties.” Further, “but
bv an express provision of the constitution it may
be amended or changed, l>v tluee fourths of the
Slates; and each State, by assenting to the consti
tution with this provision, iias surrendered its
original rights as a sovereign, which made its indi
vidual consent necessary to any change in its poll
ticai condition, and lias placed this important powe
in the hands of three fourths of itie States, in wide!
the sivereigiuy of ihe Union under the constitu
tion, does now actually reside.” Fuither, “if it be
conceded, as it must he by every one who is
feist conversant with our institutions, that the sov
ereign power is divided between the States at
the General Government, and that the former ho
their reserved rights in the same high sovereig
capacity, which the latter does its delegated rights:
it will he impossible to deny to the Slates the rigl
of deciding on the infraction of their rights, a
the proper remedy to be appiied for their correr
tion.” “As high as is ihe power of the State.'
their individual sovereign capacity, ii is not tl:
hiytit .ft pi.nrri-inmiiii iu mrrsyslcin. There issii
a higher power placed above all by the express con
,me i.i instituted religious test, as a qua hilt:., ton
for office, Imw would n be met? oouiu \*»u liieiet.y j
obtain conformity? No! men differ, and wideiy ^
differ, tu their opinions of reiigion. Even on this , . «-naij
subject we cannot agree, though iw first principle j ®. ^etiey; and although we are far f roindo
is iruth, and its essence, love—though its ernana- | s,r -hg to increase the excitement that now
rioti is from God, and its principles would i armon-1 vails on the subject, the crisis forhidsa j 0ui , .
ize the world. If vou should impose sueh a test, t silence. We stiil think that there neitfe,. " Cr
We have muerio expressed no dec, a i v ,. „ ,
ion ol our own on the Test Oath, b t . . .
our columns to a free discussion of its el.l!'
— i - » . . JlCtt*
in consonance with our republican svs
But iheOathof Allegiance mthe Milit-
sent ol all, the creating and preset-jug power de
posited ui ihe hands "I ihree fourths oftheUniu-
States, which under the character of the ament
mg power, can modify the whole system at pie;
sure, and to the final decision of which, it would b
political heresy to object.” A more full and pos
live declaration of the sovereignly of the Unit
States than is contained in the foregoing extracts
cannot be expressed.
I have thus shown that the United States is
sovereignty, and that it has citizens. Does it m
hollow as a corollary or consequence, that tho
citizens owe dial sovereignty allegiance?—won
not the contiarv supposition he a monstrous am
tnaly?
The Constitution of tiie United States, also, ha
provided for the punishment of treason by declarin
m what il shah consist. This is an offence again*
sovereign power, and catt only be committed ii
temporary, legal or natural citizens, and is in viola
tion ot tiie allegiance due by the citizen to his gov
eminent. Tiie Constitution of the United Sia <
also recognizes the sovereignty of the States, am
that treason mav he committed against them ituft
viduaily, in the 2d section of the 4th article.
Docs it not, from this view of the subject, follow
that allegiance for tiie obligation of obedience t<
the law) is due to toe United Slates as well as to
the State? And that the sanction in each case is
alike? The United Slates has all riiat has bnei
granted; the S-.ates, individually, all that has be. .
reserved.
I have too an objection to any change of th
present oath, from the (act, that we all now vve
understand its obligation. It is plain »u! explicit
It couihrms to the character ol" our institutions;—
and the experience of man for fifty years is, that i
has done well, and there is much truth in the trii
remark—“That they do well, who let well alone.’
The remarks wliii h I have made I trust show
•hat ii ti»® oat Ii proposed in nothing more than th
old oath, in a new dress, it is worse than useless.—
Il it is intended as an oath of abjuration of alleg
ance to the Uuiied States, :t lsuiiconstitnlional and
void—this house having no right or power, i
change he relations of the people of this State i
iHe General Government. This is fixed bv the
Constitution of the United Slates; which is th<
supreme ia w, notwithstanding any ihin^ ire may
do to the contrary.
Peril aps thes rougest objection that can he urged
against ihe proposed law,arises from the agitaiuiu'
effect which it will pioduce throughout ihe State
It will not,cannot,-be received kindly. It must l«
met in the spirit of opposition. It is, and will be,
considered as tyrannical and proscriptive by a po
tion of the people of this State. It is a stain upon
their honor as men—upon their loyalty as citizens;
fir it is in vain to attempt disguise; no man on this
floor doubts its purposes. It is unwise—it is cruel
—it is tearing opon afresh wounds that have scarce
ceased to bleed. For some time past 1 have wit
nessed w tit delight a return of the home feelings;
“the good old feelings ol friendship and brotheriv
kind.less.” Pass this law, and you blast the fruit
that was blossoming so (airly. You set neighbor
against neighbor—brother against brother—and in
many cases children against their fathers—I scarce
ly know a family which on this subject is not divid
ed. Let us then respect the ties of consanguinity
—and forgetting all minor matters, look only to the
true, the lasting interests of the State. If you pass
this law, you will send from vottr borders thousands
of your people, and millions of your wealth.—
Their minds are already turned too strongly to the
rich, the golden west, and though they are attach
ed to their homes, they are still more attached to
freedom, of opinion—to the rights of conscience.—
Now this oath may, perhaps, to some extent, he
considered as a test of political opinion; if so, it
will be odious to a portion of the people, while it
would thus act again.. Such is the' spirit of free
men the spirit Inch achieved the revolution—and DUl meuauioi -vuegiance mthe Milita.
it must i>e cherished if vve expect to perpetuate its r y Bid, is pregnant with a meaning beyond its lit.
blessings to our children. The ver. Let that vve erai signification, and when viewed inconuexic".
so widely differ, and that that difference is toterat- with tue Ordinance or the late Convention (iW-
ed, speaks volumes in favor of« ut institutions. Ii which it may be said to have emanated i dc' *
s tiie essence of liberty. Crush this spirit force ing Allegiance to m. an somethin^ distinct f Utl "
conformity and you make a nation ol slaves.— and superio r to the obligation to sunnrr T
■i\ ; . should not do il vou could. You couid ■, . . i . , suppott the
j. (u.- vo.i oumm ■ “ “ . . , , ... Uonstilutjon and Laws ot the State mrl »i„ r
not if vou would. Carolina ought not, I trust will . , , . . oiate and the L n .
not stain tiie honor of her sons. .None of them ton, and d< claimg it to belong exclusively tu tho
deny their allegiance to her. She should not then ^tate, it becomes, to all intents and purposes,
question their- attachment. “It is .our own diar an Oath of paramount (as much so as if tha*
and her citizens must, tiiev gather around her. add, that the party Wi.o passed the Oath of Ah
But even a mother may sb far forget her natural legiance in the Legislature, was the same that
obligations, as to expel tier children from her hearth, cf^nrd Allegiance in the Convention, that
freenfan’s home.
Marion Court House, January 14, 1834.
Mr. Editor.—l am authorized to request you,
by tiie State Rights party of tiie West Division
of .Marion District, to publish the following Pre
amble and Resolution, adopted by them on Sa
turday last. A. L. GREGG.
The Marion Riflemen, at their late meeting
at C. B. Howard’s store on Satuiday. the 11th
of January last, together with several ol the ci
tizens not attached to the corps, unanimously
adopted the following Preamble and Resolu-
poaing in substance, that tne Oath should nc’
be so constrm d as to impair the Allegiance hi*!,,
ertodue to the Union, its motive and its construe,
tion become too obvious to permit a Union ma;
to take it without being recreant to his princri
ples, or paltering with his conscience. 'I he Ur.
ion party will be ever ready to swear ail Alkfe.
ance, and yield all obedience to tiie State, con.
sistent with the Federal Constitution—but in
trust that no lure of oikee, no fear of martyr,
dom, political or actual, will induce them to as.
surne an obligation of even doubtful import; ex.
1YI i ■ acted by the dominant party, as a political test
tion, offered by Samuel Armstrong Campbe.l, ail( j which may prove a snare io their^conscienc-
Dsq. es, and bring suspicion upon their motives an c
eat. Europe is advancing towards free and lib- 1 cannot accomplish your object. For suppose you
Whereas, it has pleased the Almighty to re
move by death from the sphere of his usefulness,
the Hon. Thomas D. Singleton, our lata
member to Congress, whom vve elected to sus
tain our principles on the floor of Congress—
principles taught and sanctioned by Jefferson—
and as we deemed their triumph essential not
only to the continuance of this confederacy of
sovereign States, but our own dearest liberties,
and rights, vve are highly gratified to learn that
the Hon. .vOBRRT B. Campbell, of Marlbo
rough District, has consented to serve as a mem
ber of Congress, if elected; aiid we itave long
known him and have every confidence in his tal
ents. zeal and integrity, for those principles
which we have pledged our all to sustain; vve
therefore unanimously resolve to use all honora
ble means in our power to promote his election.
\nd whereas, the Legislature of this State,
at its recent session, has adopted a Bill, so to al
ter the Constitution of the State as to compel
all of her officers, who hereafter accept an of
fice, to swear that lie wifi sustain her—and as
vve have understood that some of our f-llow ci
tizens have resolved to resist the said alteration,
vve hereby pledge ourselves to sustain her at
every and any hazzard; believing that.vve owe
aiiegiance to the Federal Government, only as
far as the State has given authority over us, and
no further.
Therc'orr Resolved, That wo will support no
man for tiie Legislature, who will not sustain
the oath.
* South Carolina.
Citizens of Chulhaml—Those of you who
are proud of the designation of Union Mex,
who are disposed to sustain tiie Administration
of the President of vour choice, and thereby
put down theinsidious attempts making and t bo
made to render Georgia tributary to South
Carolina and her leading politicians, the follow
ers of John C. Caliioun & Co.—awake from
your lethargy—organize your forces for the
coining contest. The self-styled .State Rights
Men arc up and doing. A meeting bus been
called by them the Bill of February, at the E:-:-
change in this City, fur tiie purpose of forming
a County Association, auxiliary to the Central
State Rights Association recently formed at
Milledgeville. Do you not glow with an equal
aruor for die preservation of* State Sovereign,
ty? Do you not believe that on it depends the
preservation of Federal Union? Do notail of
you too, though perhaps disapproving of some
of tiie principles advanced in the Proclamation
of the President, feel unwilling for that reason
to condemn the rest? Are you to forget the im
portant civil benefit to the Republican cause
rendered by the present Executive of your
Country, because in a time of commotion un
precedented m our aimaks, wrien a iState for the
first tune defied the laws of the Union—doc
trines, which a heart, alive to your interests
and the cause of Union gave vent to, arc put
forth, which are repudiated for tlicir Federal
tendency by many of you? Can you not re
member that such was the excitement consc-
pres-nia us With little that augurs th r-tum of i^ace. j quent upon the mad course of Carolina, that
“ i he contest for principle in this Union is n .t begun, and vou were prepared with heart and i.and to sus-
Caroliiia will be more favoured, than her wisest /tolitical seers Z„: n , | lp p ■ 1 f r t | p n L? A re von nre-
anticipate, if she escapes the necessity of unsheathing the 13,0 1 le 1 reSlU ^ nl 0t tJie tCl 'P 1,L ' Are JOU pre
suxnd, to defend her liberties, in a contest of Rood against pared to Sanction tile SUiCldal doctrine ol tllC
Federal armies and domestic enemies, i ll - p-opl of .South “State Rights Party of Georgia,” ftS t'CCeUtlv
C arolina are apprized ol ihur danger, and ih y arc n,. par- , . p .
ii.tr tom.vtjt. in I ss than tw-lvemonths,this SiaiewiUbe organized at your seat ol Government, “that
a State has never parted with any portion of
From ihe Southern Banner.
The iate editor of the Columbia Times, has
addressed u war-breathing valedictory to the
patrons of that paper, on his aduication of the
Editorial chair. It would really appear, from
this Address, that vve are about entering on a
most bloody contest. The State, of South Caro
lina would seem to have put herself in a hostile
attitude against the power ol the whole Union.
Sue is to battle for her peculiar principles against
odds which makes one shudder even to contem
plate. This is really a terrific picture. We
hope, however, that it has been coloured by tiie
sombre imagination of the war-breathing "Edit
or, and that vve are not on the eve of that awful
state of affairs, which is depicted in the follow
ing paragraphs:
“Th" strife which has so long existed between th" peo
ple ol csoutb Uu olina on th- one side, and Federal usurpa
tion on ih" oth-tr, still continues, and ih > prospect b fore us ,
principles.
We are aware that there are members of the
Legislature of the ruling party, (some of whom,
vve have ourselves conversed with,) who itisfe
that tiie Oath was expressly put in its presen:
shape, to leave open the question of exclusive
Aiiegiance, and that it was not intended io pro.
scribe the Union Party for adherence to their
former faith. If this be so, vve call upon these
gentlemen to speak out through the press, to give
a tongue to their opinions,and let them be known
among the people. It. is their duty to do so,
and they should not shrink from it. If thev
can show that the Oath docs not, or rather teas
not intended Io exact paramount Allegiance to
tiie IState. they will prove it to be harmless, rr.
move all ground for excitement, and perhaps dis
sipate the portentous cloud that now overhang.'
our mountains, fraught with the elements of
civil war.—Charleston Courier.
rt-ady to chang", at ih first h raiding of the foeman, th
sc nery of p ac into that of the camp and the battle field.
Oui legislature ha am, !y provided ibi ihi.-, and the people
are on the alert to comply with its requisitions.”
The Test Oath—Excitement in ■ 'partanburgh
—We have received intelligence of the most
authentic character, that the excii« ment in Spar
tanburgh against the Test Uatli, in the Military
Bill is unprecedented, that in fact the people of
that District are absolutely “ftantic” on the
subject, and seem determined to resist by an ap
peal to arms, if necessary, dome moderate
uien, who have stood high with tiie Union Par
ty in that quarter, have endeavoured in vain to
stem the torrent; and any attempt to enforce the
viiiiiay Mill there, will, vve are assured, prove
the signal of a civil war. Spartunburgh stands
ready to follow the example of Greenville, and
the mountain region ot oisr State may soon be
crimsoned with the bio. d of brethren shed in
mortal strife, unless those who wield thepoli ical
power, and indeed the destiny of the State, de
termine to sus end the rash, unnecessary, and
proscriptive edict, which now threatens lore
kindle, even more fiercely and disastrously than
ever, the almost extinguished fires of civil con
tention.' There are lliose who make light of
these indications of popular discontent—but we
know that they portend a dire convulsion, which,
let it terminate it as it may, will leave the vie-
torious to mourn,, not triumph, over a scene of
domestic desolation. That people must be in
earnest, who, vve have been assured, “are too
much exasperated to make idle threats,” and
who “will pledge life, honor and fortune in the
cause, with a full determination to redeem their
pledges at any and every hazard. ” An awful re-
ponsibility rests witli those who have brought
ins crisis upon us; it is with them either to liast-
n or avert the threatened mischief, and we ear
nestly hope, that they will yield up the impulses
of party to the nobler ones of patriotism, and in
spirit of wisdom, moderation and magnanimi
ty, restore the harmony and preserve the peace
of the State, by art early repeal of the obnox
ious measure.
her sovereignty?” Are you ready, in a word,
to view the Union of these States, as a rope ol
sand, dependent upon the construction ol Cal
houn, M*1)itffie, and their copyists in Geor
gia lor permanency? Fotbid, it Heaven! For
bid it, shade of Jefferson! thou, whose doc
trines have been warped ami fashioned to suit
tiie mad attempts of an overbearing faction.
ee to it, men of the Union Party of Georgia—
organize yourselves, and by concert*ot action
tear down the image, erected bj some of your
once honored politicians—at whose unholy
siitine you are now called on to bow down and
worship. ’Tis erected on the altar of Disunion.
Sutler it to exist, and you lend your aid to the
Nullifiers of Georgia, in their attempt to wea
ken and dissolve the tit s which hind you and
the People of the other States together as one
People. People of Chatham, are you prepared
for this? Be united then and meet your ene
mies,—yea, the enemies of your Country, with
the weapons they will use—the weapons of ar
gument, of a concerted action and of untiring
exertions. Thus relieving your consciences ot
the duties imposed on you, you may safely rely
for success on the God of Battles,—the Dispo
ser of events; who gave, as Leaders to your
Annies and your Councils, Washington, the
Father of his Country, and Jackson, his patri
otic successor.—Savannah Georgian.
Some of our “new lights” made the notable
discovery, about the time of the invention of
nullification, that there was no such thing, pro-
perly speaking, as “a citizen of the United
Stales.”—We accidentally took up the Last
YVill and Testament of General Washington,
the other day, on the very first page of which
we read—“I, George Washington, of Mount Ver
non, a Citizen of the United States,” &c. Ac.
We presume George Washington will be ac
knowledged as authority, even in South Caroli
na.— Mark, he does not say a citizen of Vir
ginia, but a citizen of the United States.—Al
exandria Gazette.