The federal union. (Milledgeville, Ga.) 1830-1861, June 04, 1834, Image 1

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Newspaper Page Text*\ n V >LIJ IIUVm-\U ?I3E l 48.] niHKi)SEV!Ij!,E, (GA.) WEDNESDAY, JUNE EDI TEl> BY A. CVTH BEItT «fc WILKINS I HINT- T' 5 UNION IS published every V>'t daesday at THREE DOLLAH • rvr annum, in advance, or FOUR, if nut paid before the end of the ■ ,r The Office is on Wayne .Street, oni>osite the State bank. 3 All ADVERTISEMENTS published at the usual rates. B. Each Citation by the Clerks of the Courts of Ordinary tha V.cation has been made for Fetters of Adnnmstration. must be . “’wished THIRTY DAYS at least. * Satire bv Executors and Administrators for Debtors and t’redi- r to render in their accounts, must he published .SIX WEEDS. ' -ties of Neeroes by Executors and Administrators must i c ad- vrt. cd SIXTY DAYS before the dav of sale. ' . jc. ; *nf personal property (except negroes) of testate arrl intes- t pc estates by Executors a.id Administrators, must bo advertised FORTY DAYS. unifications by Executors, Adinhiistrators and Guardians to the On ur i of Ordinary for leave to sell Laird, must be published FOUR MONTH: Ap S Applications for Fureciosure or ?l<>rt?iceson real estate must be milic ilions hy Executors and Administrators for Letters Dismis- ■ must be published SIX MON ITiS. indications for Foreclosure of M .rte iceson real estate must be aivertised once a month for FOUR MONTHS s lies of real estate by Executors, Administrators and Guardians, j, e published SIXTY DAYS before the day of sale. These < vs must oe made at the court-house door between the hours of 10 the iiwmin? and i in tne afternooir. No sale from day to day is ljj unless so expressed in the advertisement, orders of Court of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy of the v, )n j „ r agreement) io make titles to land, must be advertised •j qR.EE MONTHS at least. Sheriff's Sales udder executions regularly eranted by the courts, ,i us! lie advertised THIRTY DAYS—under montage executions, SIXTY DAYS—Sales of perishable property under order of Court, j |, c advertised, generally, TEN DAYS before the day of saie. All orders for Advertisements will be punctually attended to. • All letters directed to this Office, or the Editors inusl lie post- 1 lid, to entitle them to attention. a PPLINS SHERIFF’S SALE.—On the first !%. l'o sdoy in July n xt, will, within thel-gol hours, be suit), bri'or ■ the court house door of Appling county, A m.iltUo-girl nam'd llhody, about, right years old— levied on as th" prop Tty of Solo.non Cannaday, to satisfy a ii fa in favor of John L. Dukel vs the said Cannaday. April 7,1831. l ive h-ad of stock cattle—levied on ns the property of Richard 11. Godwin, to satisfy th* court charges, Ate. of Appling superior court at April Term, 183-1, in n case wnrrein the said Godwin was convicted of the offence of cattle-stealing. May '5, B34. WILLIAM SETTLES, sheriff. f ASPER SHERIFF’S SALE.—On the firsi Tu<*»* clay in July next, will, within th l**gal hours, be sold, before th'* court-house door in the town of Montiecllo, Jas- j p-r county, One lot of land, known ns lot number one hundred and -i.'.fy-tlirc" in the thirteenth district of originally Baldwin now Jasper county, anil hilfof lot number one hundred and | fifty-eiuht in th * district albresaid—1 vied on as ih ■ proper ly of Charles Morgue, to satisfy a fi fu in favor of John liili A Co. vs said Morgan. One lot of laud, whereon Marlin Cochran formerly resided in Jasper county, u.id whereon are situated the dwelling Jiausn, out-hous >s, Ac.—levied on as the grop *rt y of Marlin Cochran, to satisfy a (1 lit in favor of James Whitfield vs JefT'rsun Adams, John ATMicha laudsaidCoch.au. May 27, ISC 1. JOHN DILLON, sheriff. DESPATCH & ACCOIUJOD ITIOS. _ The vibernlxu* will haw his n-*w *■ ’4^*4 Ty ^IRON STEAMBOAT completed for /Ggt:Tri?TF^ i ^lT l fe* u P- iri »t» un f, y the l5lh July next, to -T-r?e: rim between Savannah and Augusta, in connexion with th: st. amors, FREE TRADE and BA SIL LAMAR. AH of th m are first rate Boats, nearly new, with fifteen TOW-BOATS of various sizes, suited to th * dill.Tent stages of the river. The Iron-Boot lias been built exclusively for a light draft of water, and no expense has b \-n spared to aitain that ob ject—she is estiniat>*d to draw less than two und a half feet feet of water, and will be enabled to run at nil seasons of the year—the whole offering advantages fir conveyance never b Tore exporieno d on the Savannah river, and superior to every oth*r, rail-roads not "xc-pted. He continues the COMMISSION BUSINESS, and Goods or Produce consigned to his address, will he for- ward 'd at the lowest rat *s of commission, and at ill • same rate of freight tlial oth*r shippers pay by the sain • boats.— Storag free in all eases. G. B. LAMAR. Savannah, Ga May 19, 13.34. 6t 17 dta S'Ozi SAILS. T ilK subscriber has a good PLANTATION and set of MILLS, where he now Hves, nin* mil**s from Law- renceville, in Gwinnett comity, on tin* road leading to Mon- roe - There are belonging to the above premises two pair of Stones to the grist-mill, a good saw-mill, a cotton-gin ai;J a thrashing machine, ali going by water, on the Aloovy riv er. Persons, wishing to purchase, would do well to call on the subscriber, living on tli ■ premises. He is able to give good indulgence as to payment. Mav P2, 1334. 47-im THOMAS EDWARDS. D OOLY BnERIFF’S S ALE.—On th* first Tu*s- day in July next, will, within the legal hours, be sold, before the cour -house door in t he town of Drayton, Dooly county, Lot of land, number one hundred and seventy-three in the sixth district of said county—levied on as th * property of Lawson Matox, to satisfy an execution from a justice’s • o.iri in favor of Joshua Car pent ir: levy made and returned To m * by a constable. One hundred one and a quarter acres of land, being the | southwe.-t half of lot numb r liliy-eight in the ninth district •if said eouniy—1 vied on as di ■ p.-op rty of "Solomon C. Spivey, to satify an < x-cutioo from u justice’s court in fa vor of Davis Sinith vs said Solomon C. :>piv<*y mid others: lew made and return 'd to me by n constable. May 21, IS.1l, RICHARD C. ZIPPERER, sheriff -&WT ISHINGTON SHERIFF’S -ALE.—On the V W TnesJiiy in July ;v*xt, will, within th * 1 *gul hours, La sold b-fire th * court-house-door in the town of Sanders- x ille, Washington county, Two hundr-d aer s of land, on th 1 * wafers <;f th” Ohoo* }•" •, adjoining Spencer Brandy—levied on as th prop rty • f .Micuj.ih Smith, to sariefy sundry fi fas in liivor of J sse JJarrdl v.s Joseph Smith, Micajah Stnuh and Isaac Smith: property pointed out by Isaac Smith: levied on and return ed to nr* by u con-tabl *. Three It i-sl.-ed acres of pine land, on th * ? arnrs of th” O- Tioopic, adjoining Asa J’. Peacock and others—levied on as t i" property of Jana *s Brantly, to satisfy sundry 11 fas in fa- ■ or of William FLU <tr < \>. \s Jam *s Brantly and Joim F. drmitly, i*t;d on** vs Ivhvard Bluntly u id Jam - Brauliy: property point 'd by defondant: levy male and rammed to itt 1 by a constable. May 23, 1*33 L 40 J AM ES BOATRIGHT, deputy sheriff. TTfcEKALB SHERIFF’S SALE,—On the first lip Tuesday in July next, will, within the legal hours, be : aid before the court-house door i:i th ■ town of Decatur, D v Ruin eouniy, One third part of lot of land, number siny-three in the ;-.'V'nteenth district of originally 11 *nry now DeKaib coun ty, lying on the western side of said lot—levi 'd on as the property ofElizaheth H. Smith, to satisfy a ii fit foma jus- ' r T court of said county in fayor of J. A: C. Roberts vs E- 1 izabeth U. Smith: prop rty pointed out by the plaintiff: i vy made and rettirn»*d to m * by a con ’table. One half of th” lot of land, wher.*o:i the defendant now .Eves, being numb T three hundred and sixty-four, in th” sixth district of originally Gvv.:iu*>tt now Delvalb county— i vi"d on as the properly of Ab.-alom B. lvi*ur, to satisfy a fi ft from a justic "s court of said comity in favor of Joseph' Trimbl • vs Absalom B. King: prop rty pointed out by the plaintiff: 1 vy made and returned to m • by a constable. One lot" in the town of Decatur, number ninety-six, con- r lining two acres, more or 1 'ss, well improv d, wi:h a dwell- :ug hou.—and other buildings, wh r * Mason I). Shumate now lives, and one five acre lot more or l<*ss. it b inga purl of lot number two hundred and forty-five in th* fifteenth district ••■foriginally Henry now D- Kalb county, lying on th-oast •side of said lot, adjoining (he town of Decatur—levied on as property of Wilson Edwards, to ba:»:\ two fi fas from Ds- Knlb inferior court, one in favor of Burch, Wilier & Go. vs Wilson Edwards and th * other in favor of Smith, Booth *. 1 third vs Chari *a MurpV*y and Wilson Edwards: pro- y.-rty pointed out by said AIurph*y. May 17, 1331. 47 ISAAC N JOHNSON, sheriff LA!\!> VATLG IOES FOS SALE. T HE subscriber is desirous of selling th” PLANTA- 1'ION on vvh ch lie resides, in Washington county, ten nnlos north of Sand *rsvill'*, on the road from that plae to tha Shoals of Oge ‘chec, where th” Spar: a and Louisville, roml crosses it, containing fiv * huudr *d and sixteen acres of good pine land; a proportional share of which is clear ed and in good r *pa : r Th * dw 'lling-hons * and oilier build ings nr.* n w and plain, but substantially good. This situa tion is consider'd beautiful—it is within on • mil * of B tli- leh uu Church arid Academy, and is unquestionably healthy. Also, a tract of I .and, containing seven hundr d acres, two miles mil 's from the above tract, on the road from Ixiuisviiit' to Sparta. Also the following loots, in th** Cherok *e Country: No. 101, Hth Di<triit, 1th Section, No. 279. Dth District, !th Sirtion, No. II, 2:5th D stri. t, Hd Section, Ao. ISM, 7th District, 1st Section, Gold Lots, No. 8 40, itli District, 1st SciUion, No. Id, loth District, 1st Section. The subscriber wishes to sell, but is not comp died. H * ran tb'refore trad, on fair and accornmodating^terras, to bints dfnijd th ■ purchaser. In th • ev nt of th * tirst num d tract of land being sold. 1 should be disposed lo sell lie* principal part of mv NE iROES, sixl *pii or igliu n, who ar e young an 1 likely, and my stock of Horses, Mules, Ac. May 1G, i834.-4t-47 JOHN WICKER. iTIILiLJEiJriE VB1L1L 5-1 ,S T li. E ET uthorized by the Utiner.il Assembl) ul Dame Fortune stunrts in uicrr.v mond, Pouring her luvors n> tlie crowd— Be ready, friend, before tl ey fall— Who knows but you ma> catch them all’ I THE STEAMBOAT C1A3IPAXYOFGEORGIA ’ Conttnu*' u give despatch and ar- —contmt Mat ion to GOODS and SH'P- The Company is at this ??ffetime Is *tter prepared tor business than at anj ttm * pr- yious. Having at this moment THREE STEAMBOATS engaged L*i ilie trade betw.ien this plac- and Augusta, and ONE just launched, which will be r**ad v to run by the 1st of July, viz: the TUGALO, th* AUGUS TA, the S.i V ANN AH, and the GEORGIA, all of which are first . ate to'.vi ng boa;s, and command'd bj* able and ex perienced captain*. i he TOW-BOATS, seventeen in number, are all i n prime, order, the most of tlmm new or nearly so, and equal in every respect to anv in the United States. i’h-'-ituaiion of the Company’s Wharves is peculiarly well adapted to tha business,, having four wharves of one hundred fee! each,entirely separated from any other wharf- property. Tin* sheds and Stores are rendered secure from lire, and Goods arc always received fir forwarding free of Storage. The Cotton Yard h”ing enclosed and titled for the recaption of'Cotton, and responsible watchmen employ ed night and day, make both Cotton and other Goods al ways safe. The steam and tow-boots have all been built at Savannah with a view to meet low rive;*, and it- is believ ed thev will answ r os well as any oth**r boats for that pur pose. But i'i order to ensure despatch atall times, the Com pany have it in contemplation to cut a CANAL from Au gusta to sum- point on th* Savannah River below the Shoals. For this purpos-*, a very lib'- al charter was erant ed by the L gislat are of this Stale, and a survey of the route has h(*.*!i comm -need, .and is now in progress, under the di rection of Colo.i-1 Cruger; one of the must skilful and ex perienced Engtnoers in ih>* United Slates. With every ex ertion on the part of the President and Directors of tM Com pany, and active Agents, and accommodating Otfic irs, the Company hope for a contin uin'- of that patrong-* hitherto extended to it. Savannah, (ja. Mar/ sW, l334.-3t—47 ’.’ The Federal fit o.i *.v . ulihs . Ib-j alio.'j Cireu tiai-.s, air forward tlie acrouni to ' ie iva.idab Geo:"; , i LAW NOTICE. J AMES S4V EARENUHJN informs the public, that lie has located himself in MARION, Twiggs county, and will practise Law-in all the Courts of the Southern Circuit. Business committed to his care will be faithfully attend at to. May 21, 1834. 46 3t POLITICAL. 31. I>. kil.'SOS, Late of Mil/edervi/Ie, and his- S&O? iEEH, H AVE taken the establishment in . ’ VCON, formerly kept byCHARLKS Williamson* 1 q. known as the ISA-yX. I The lions • lias und rctone a thorough r. air, and other improvements—a dining room ightv feet in i ngtli, has been a id :d to ill * south wing , f the Iniiiding—th- b*d-chambere have b c, en repainted, and the fiirnittii • is entirely new, par ticularly b-ds—his servants are the same tiiat lie had in Milledgeville. From th" central situation of Die Establish ment, and Itis lotig xp *ri-ne in th** btisitv*ss, he confident ly looks to the public for r. liberal share ol pan/nags. Macon, Novenib r 1, 1832 B- 17 NATIONAL AND STATE POWERS. From the Augusta Constitutionalist. In every community where the mind of man is free, and reason is p-'rniitted to embat error, there will lie political parties. Party spirit is a safe sentinel upon the walchtower of liberty, unless it be so excited as to bind the judgment in the fetters of passion, or sustain principles that -are dan gerous in practice. Such parties now exist in our State, and such passions and principles have obtained a controll ing influence. The doctrines which attract th**ir attention most are those concerning state rights, s “cession and nulli fication. Although many ingenious essays have b”en writ ten upon these subjects, the public mind seems not yet al together settled: 1 hope therefore, it will not be deemed ob trusive, if even so obscure a citizen as I am, offers a contri bution tp the cause of state rights and the union. To place the subjects fairly before us, we must’tnke a short historical vi *vv: Previous to the adoption of the constitu tion, the states were connected by articles of confederation; hut the pxp Hence of a few years proved, that they were powerless to preserve the union. The States m°t in con vention, to unite, upon more conservative conditions. The present constitution was Irani d, and reported to Congress; by Congress it was reported to the legislatures of the states, and by tiv*cn to conventions of the people, by th *tr represen tatives, in each State: and these conventions acting inde pendently of earh other, and exercising the sovereignty of tlv p *op! * whom they represented, ratified th * constitution. The constitution, therefore, contains the conditions of a po litical contract, ma le by the people of each stat , with the people of every o;h=*r star*;. By th.s contract, ;i "h state delegated certain powers and rights to the Unit d Slat"?, and prohibited certain powers and rights to itself; and cer tain other powers and rights!' di I not il legal” to the United States nor prohibit to itself. Upon principle, then, the United States hav no power or right but Midi as w~*re dele gated to fh’tn hy the stales severally: and the states, sever ally, have no powers or rights but those which th”v did not. delegate lo the United States nor prohibit to themselves: and such aseach acquired from th-* others, severally, by virtue of the constitutional contract entered into by the high con- 1-caljudgment, as from the physical! action of tlio federal i no Mate can nowdeclare war, for that power is delegated ft. id _ - . 1. r s .1 f. — »1.A I ikn Wtntnn Wat AO rail uhltA ft Ufltl'D 1 n MUVfPPSS. Ill* delegated power thesense in which they are reserved from th” powers of the several states, or frum any other power, that is, that they are to remain as free from the action or control of any au thority, whatever, either Legislative, executive or judicial, as they ever were, or would be,- if there were no general go- vernmeiit. Suppose one state should attempt to interfere with the rights of another; for instance South Carolina at- tempts bvits own authority to prescribe a criminal code lor Georgia, would Georgia be under any constitutional or other obligation to submit? Every one will say no—and why not ? Becaus" G *orgia never authorized South Carolina to do so. If the federal government should attempt to interfere with the reserved rights of a state; for instance, to prescribe a criminnl code tor Georgia, would Geortrta be under any con- , - ^ U( j w hy stitntional, or other obligations to submit? No. Anil why not? For thp very same reason that it would not be bound to submit to South Carolina. G..*orgi:i gave South Carolina as much right to interfere with the reserved rights of Geor gia, by th * agency of the executive, legislature or judiciary of that state, as it ever gave to the United States by their "lenitive, legislature or judiciary. The supreme court dot*, not possess unlimitedjurisdiction, but its powers are limit *d and d 'fined. 17ie constitution does indeed say that tlnau-. thoriry of the supreme court shall extend to all cases in law and equity arising under th ■ i (institution, laws and treaties of the United Staxss, and io controversies to which the United States shall be a party; but it" a state as a party to *he con stitution, deny that in a given case, th.* United States are or can be a parry; or that t he case din.arise under ih consti tution, laws or treaties of the United Slates, then who is to d-”- decide? Then tlie case ceases to be a law case or an equity . —, - - - , .. , case, and assume th" character of a political controversy j constitution, should bo added np, Die sum totak <i| each state delegated totl«>;Upitfd ST3l<*s, it rceeived an equivalent fromthem, in a cofrespooding n^ht which th-n- delegated, and which, thetefiiffc, it acquired trpu) them, tieorgta dele gated tolhe. othsr Mates, the right to involve it in war, and required from them as an equivalent, th<* right to aid in in volving th”in in war. Each slot# tfelegated to the -other states a power over its c^rahi'rw, 4nd hequjred from thepi an equivalent pdaefovv theirfomincrce. And so of every other right or power which a state delegated to the United States, it acquired from ihMn. §not,)icr right or power, cor responding with that which itMelegatsd, and which acquir ed right it received as a valuable consideration, a quid pro quo. ' ■ - We will now speak of th' tfiird class of rights, tlio.ie which the states ncquired t jointly or.severally, by adopting the constitution. This lias I teen partly anticipated by what, has already been said. ■'Th' cynsiituiion dl the United tStates was the result of a political contract between sover eign status; tliprcfore the parlies uia-l have, given and re ceived somethmg; that which a part” gave \ye call delegat ed, and that which it received in return, we call acquired.—- A state delegated no right without receiving qcompensation; it acquired none, without giving a loir consideration, 'flies-; delegated and acquired lights are mutual sets-off. Il every suit" were to draw lip apolitical account wjlh the co-stales, th** delegated rights would b<* set down on th" debtor side, and the acquired rights on the’ credit side. For instance, Georgia may charge ike other states w ith thn right to regu late its commerce, and credit them with »h" right or power it receiv i! from th an in r tiwn,ovei ili -ir connn"rce. And \vh *n these cliarg.*s and cr -dits, as they stand stated in th" about fundamental rights: Admit the United States to b party, or admit tke case to have arisen under the constitu- j tion, ’aws or treatii 6 of the United States, and none will dts- j pnte that the supreme court has jurisdiction of it. But de-j ny these to he facts and what clause in the constitution au- | thorizes th * supreme court to ris.* with authority superior to j ih* authority that-gave it existence; to divest the original j parties to th * constitution of all right of judgment about their primary rights, a’l l Lnd their sovereignty in the chains of I its power, delegat d by that very soveregntr ? ! In Contemplating tie? relative powers of the federal and I state gov *rnmsiits, th; mind is apt to be deceived by certain | would be found equal. Wh iiever constiwiional influence one state has over another, is on acquired right, and no state candiv<*st iheolher.-of these rights, (!>r they were not given as a boon by one-state to another, nor is tl> * exercise of ihenv merely permissive, but every state obtained them from every other state, by contract, and gave a valuable consideration fir them. The states, as parti”s to the contract, may annul it, and each take back what it gave, and give up u hat ir rc- ccivAl. But it takes the same panics to annul a contract that made it. therefore, one state cannot annul its contract with the co-states, for otto slat?is but one party to it. This leads r.i” to the doctrine of SECESSION. ■ state of Ceorgia.) fr 1 ' e. Pv\ ’.® / ? ’A >IONBY 3IONB1 • lots op Taoisum fiWIIEN we consider that Fortune i? is daily diffusing wealth and %f.f happiness in all parts and every corner 7 i< V of this extensive country, through the ’ m"dium of th* Lottery Su tcm; -that j ' m . scarcely a weak or a day wh-els lay us ” without bringing the iini*llig**iice, that same one of our friends or f llow-e.iti- zens has drawn a prize; and that ii only ••.’quires an inv *stin nt of the trivial sum o ten dollars to give us a good chance for a Friz * of £20,000. Surdy il is unnec 'ssary to urge up on this liberofand nligh; *ned p”ople, the policy of stepping in the way to wealth and the favor ofliu* propitious? Dame. UN SOY iittSTS;?', tfOXTlCELEO, J sper County, Ga. rgIHE nndersianed, having op- ii"d a House of Ent'-rtain- fi ineni, under th- above name, on the west tide of the public squar , at MonticMlo, is preparecLto acc .iiminlate irav.'llers, transi *nt p>>rsons and regiiiar boarders lie has n -gl 'Ct -<i no m'asurejn fining up his lious * to render itcon- veni nt and agreeable; and- as h** <-xp cts to 1:\ * by it, his inter st and duty are a guaranty ihat < very ex*rtion will he U8**d to giv- satisfaction in regard to tabl *, beds, cleanliness, s "fvants, provender and 'charges. Mav 7, 1334. !4 ' HENRY DdiON. k TH Ef Ol). ! J tt ’ ’ A £5 IS A W 5 a G WILL TAKE PLACE On Sitlu ’day, tha 21.v/ n< Jane next, at th” court-hous** in th" town of Mill'*dg vill -, at which time tiler G! - 1 Prize of l “ !1 be floating in th • t0 % O ' 13 VJiMI •» fi <*1 the liillouung 1" r; !efj * Prizes ot |js'{0h “ 44 ”5G0 “ “ 400 <« << • 300 200 too SALE OF PUBLIC II VTIIS. THFTLL be sold, at th* court-housedoor inth" county of * * Baldwin, on Tuesday, th first day of July n xt, the fallowing named NEGROES, belonging to the Slat" of Georgia, being a portion of the Public Hands which have been heretofore advertised for sale, and who were absent from their re?p*ctive companies on the dav of sal", BEAV ER, SAM, BRUTUS and GIBB—and. should th” follow ing NJ-’.GKOES be nppr *h, ndod b -fore tii" day of sal", they will also b” sold nt ill sain" place, viz: ELLECK, LARRY, MYLES and TOAI (Jackson.)—The above ne- j groes will be sold upon the same t tius ns those sold at : former public sales, viz: one fifth cash, and the balance in j noil's acceptable to th • Central Bank. Also will be sol 1 al th* same nm >and place, and on-the | same terms, Negro-Man PlllLLIP, tie* firmer purchaser I having rcfusixl to comply with th" terms of sale. WILLIAM C. LYMAN, Agent of the State in the sale of Public Hands, (J'C. | Milledgeville, 17Ih May, 1831.-46 -.* The standard of Union and . oatliern Recorder will publish Die above until the day of sale. SEALED PROPOSALS | \VMLL be received by tli • Commission rs, until the ‘20th 1 *• June next, for BUILDING a BRIDGE across Fish- i ng Creek, on the road leading from Milledg. ville to the Boat-Yard. Persons, wishing to contract, can get a plan of ’40 Bridge, by calling on the Commissioners. Milledgeville, | 19, 1834. JOHN MAULER, t PETER J. WILLIAMS, } Commissioners. j G, j 1,000 1 3 900 3 3 ; <i; - 8,00 4 f “ “ 7QO I S which, added together, will make tlie brilliant spectacle of in the wheel, exclusive of a great, number of 50’s and CD's. 1 Prize^of 5204)00,'°is $20,000, 3 i'rizes of. 10,030, is 30,000, 4 5,000, is 0 “ 1,000, is 5 900, is 5 SOO, is 5 “ * 700, is 5 “ GOO, is 5 500,. is 5 400, is 5 “ 300, is 5 200, is 35 “ 100, is 50 “ 50, is G50 “ 20, is 5.000 “ 12, is l> ir. FEfiNfTr ©F Ath-'ss, May 13, 1 ”3J. * pi HE flea! Examination of th Senior Clu-s, it: this insti- M tuiiun. will commence on Monday, th* 23d JUNE NEXT, and continu from day today until ih* Board uf \ isitors are satisfi-'d.- 'I'll" Coll -g-^’aculty would !> grati fied by the attendance of parents, guardians, and literary g-ntlemen, who may have it in their power to attend. 46-3i> ASBURY HALL, scc'ry University. *.* i'tio c.l fir'; ia Siyn id <u • A igusta arc request ol to |Hib- ..-'ipil t-e- :,bove in their re-et” ; v-npers. AGENCY. fT-\ donsequenee of the frequent applications made to the id undersigned lor intbrmatiou relative to Lots drawn in the lam Land and Gold Gotten s, h proposes to establish a GENERAL AGENCY, by which ail persons-, who moyde- sir.* intormation, from th” Executiveand Surveyor General’s ofiic-s, can be promptly snppli (i by sending two dollars— admail plat of each Lot will be returned to th applicant. Having made arrangements with a gentleman of experi ence and skill in testing and (ii- jrnang of Lo'.s, who resides in the Gold ii gion, the undersign 'd would undertake this h’.Lsin *ss also Persons, d -sirous of having a Lot tested (ex amined Tor (Jold) only, will be charged Five Dolla -s.—The ^ salt; and disposal of a Lot of the value of five hundred dol lars and under, will he charged lor at tin* rate of five per cent.; over that sutn, two and a lmlrp r cent. * in all cas- s vvh re a sale is d. sired, th” instructions must h" accone. ani d by a blank Foxier of Attorney to make ti- tl*s.—Communic.tlions must be postpaid, anil directed lo the under.dgni d at Milledgeville. January 13-24} -N. B. JIJHAN. £l>'jVOL97TIO.\i|i:¥ PKS UO.lil'CtG. rK4ilE undersigned will attend to the receiving and for- il warding PENSIONS to any part of the State. The lor so doing will be one dollar for rath ap Jication trading parties. Butm th*ahnndanq; of caution, itis dqp i legislature. Tlie Presidential chair is more elevated than clareil in the constitution, that the powers not delegated to |4ho Gubernatorial. The federal government forms relations the United States by th? constitution, nor prohibited by it to the Slates, are r serv. d to he states resp ciively, or to the people, 'i’lier for • the paw *rs, o as we more common ly say, the rights of the states, are comprehended in three classes, viz: ' , 1st. Fheir reserved rights? 2d. Th *ir del -gated rights. 3d. Their acquir d rights. Tha first class includes all tha rights which the states pos.s"ss”d severally, before >U*y adopted th** conslitution, which they did noid *leg;:t i to the UnitedStates nor prohi bit to themselves by its adoption. The sceond cla*s inelu les all the rights which the states poss'-ssed, severally, before lliey adopl°d the Jconslitution, but which th*y did not del gate to the United States by its adoption Tf associations of ideas: ilia federal government holds the! Astotfie right ol a slate to secedafrum th" union, there piir.se and til? sword of tha United States. A seat in Con- are two opinions; the stale rights party and the milliners, stress fe considered more honorable than a seat in th ; state ; (belxveen whom there is but a shade of difierenwu contend, that each state has a right to secede at any time, under any Circuinsiance, with or without cause of complaint, against with tlie kingdoms of the earth; tha state gorernmanls at- i the other states* tha state being the only judge ot the pro tend to their domestic affairs only. Such considerations as ] I'd sty or right of s ceding; und consequently, when on? these an apt ta impress llr* iniurl with notions of superiori- | sl; il? chooses to secede, tiisothers hav? no right ol judgmAif ty, notoqlv in physical power, but in princijile.oftheijdoral, j nor of resistance. That each slate is sovereign in the lull oaer theTitiUegovernment; as having a right, by virtue ol a ; higher nature, to contri# the inferior nature of the states.— i But this view is surdy an erroneous one; forth • smes creat- | ed the f-deral goxemin *nt. Their pleasure brought it into j Existence, th *ir displeasure can throw it into nonexistence — j Whaiqpoxver has the lederal govemm°nt to support even its j own exist -nee ill opposition to the will of th? stales? 1 he j several status appoint certain agents from among themselves, | to transact certain busin *ss submilt‘*d by Ur* states lo these ( agents, and this is the f -deral government. * 'an th*s : agents ! say to those who appointed them, we w ill decide th? extent of our power, and mark to you the limits of vour own, and 1 third class includes ali the rights which th” states tic- j our fiat shall be conclusive upon you in ail cases whatso- | ever? But, observe, 1 sp.ak of ill* states in tin plural ! number; a single state has not the sain? creaiivn, controlling j and annihilating {lower over the federal government, that j all th? states have. But in regard to th? reserved rights, a ; single state is as separate from, and as independent oil the j federal government, and of the other states severally or j jointly (with the excepting of tlyj amending danse in the j constitution) as it would b?, if there were no union or f'dura! i government. A state lias as much right to resist the federal | government in defiaice of its reserved rights, as the liirmer ] quired by adopfing i.!t* conslitution, ami which, before, did not and could not have bdong *d to them. The rights included in ifi? first class are sovereign, and belong to thsst.it *s individually, the United .3;a; s having nothing to do with them. J'he rights included in th * so- .cond class, are also sovereign, and belong toi$lie stn; « in th ir united capacity exclusively, the stat *s,. individually, hive nothing to do with them. Th” rights included in the third class are conventional, a id b long to th s:at's joinffy and severaliy; s -verally, because the condi ‘ tli con tract out of which tli *y arise, we.eeniccd ino by the sat *s has to resist J he latter, in d -fence of tli* Delegated lights of severally, and the fulfilment^' som * of them is to i he s: ai.es 1 the United States. Som * hold the doctrine, that a slut? has no right bv which it ran resist the action of ill” federal gov- sev. rally—jointly, because the fulfil in nt of others of tli ; conditions is lotlie stat°s jointly, i'n explain by examples —inThe first class, tin; right to establish th ir own cod * of laws, civil and criminal, is a right of sever ‘iguty, not con trollable by the United Stares, which b dongs to th? stales severaliy. In the second class, th? right to d-clare war. is sovereign, which no individual state can ex-rdse. Inth?! third class, th * right which oil" slate has to d *mnn 1 a fugi- ■ live criminal fioin another state to wliich heha.l lle;l,isa conventional condition, ent *red into hy th* several states, and the fulfilment of it, is to the states severally. Tin; same ! may lie said of the conditions in'the first and second s?c- 1 lions of th" ( rarth'article of the constitution; and perhaps of ' o liers. Ex-?ry condition in th? constitution, requiring any duty of a state to the United States, and all th* prohibitions ; to the states sex Praliy, in the tenth section and first articT*, | such as thn: no slate shall enter into treaties, declare war, or j coiir m >ney, are cnnvantioaal conditions, ent-*rcd inio be- | tween th” several states, but thefulfilm nt of which is to tin use of the word, and that so much of its sewer -ignty, as is dfl-gatod to the United States, it may lake back ai pleasure Tlie state rigtlt.s and union party held a doctrine just tlie re- verse of 4hs oth?r They contend that a i.lJte can never have a right to secede from the union, till extreme oppres sion, or a Violation of the fundamental conditions upon which the states united, gives the right. Tha latter doctrine, in my opinion, i? tha true one, and I will now endeavor to sus ■ fion it. , If secession is a state right, the right mast b” iticlud *G i'i cm? or th ; other classes of state rights w hich have he?n a! ready discussed, as ali state rights must, of necessity, he in chided in Otis or tha other of these classes. But seccsskiti cannot he found in the class of reserved rights, because these rights belonged loth? slates (severally, before th” union, was formed, and which each would still possess, in tie* event of a dissolution of that union. Now i' is impossible, that a right ta^ftcede from the union cotdd lnv? existed b - f‘{P the union itself had ah existence, and it is equally im- possibl”, that if tli” union were dissolved, each state could nave a rightto secede from that union which existed in his tory only. As well might it hasaid, that a man has a right to secede from a copartnership which lias not h»e:i furmed. or it formed, that In; would still retain th * ri ;ht of s c -ssion after its dissolution. To speak of tin* secession of a snli- ! an*;y* thing, a thing of actual existence, f.otn ati ideal filing eminent upon it, but th* right of revolution: if the doctrine j «>f no actual existence, is a:i absurdity. 8 *cessioii, therefore. ol' the several stab fa it cannot, be fjaftd in thn clijss of d--legated rights, be cause these lights onoe belong’d lo the states, severally, hef ire til;* union was lorm-'d, and would belong to them of its d?l.-gai.'d powers, is r. volutionni v in principle, tie* doctrine is correct; but if it mean, that to resist it. in its at- t *njpt to exercise undelegat' d jxiwer over a stale, is revolu tionary in principle, it i4 founded in error. Folitical revolt!- . . . , -. tion means, ati overthrow' of the constitution, or landsmen- | a " ai;l * ri th? event of its dissolution; therefore, every reaso> lal principles of political govemirenl; and tiffs may L? el- ; pvento prove that Recession is not a reserved, proves i i ficted by fore? or frauJ; suddenly or by degrees; by t!i;j 'ike manner, tiiat itt^ not a d 'lcg-tted-riglit. But again,no governors or governed. Ev?n under a consolidated govern- individual state can exercise a del-gated -right,. ltecause all in?nt, th? peojile do not act upon revolutionary principles, when they resist tli? attempt of th? government to ex icise jiower that does not belong to it. The people would be do- i ig nothing more than rwiending th ir own reserved rights. Wh?n onr lbrcf.ithers first !-esisi?d the British g..v?rmii *nt i.i its attempt to putAh 'it hands into tha pock -ts of th * p.*o- {1 ■ to take lii -ir money without tli *ir cousi.'iit, and ur>* it not for the benefit of tli? peopl", but for their own. the resisl- l :l.*gated rights belong to tha United !?totes; therefor*;, an individual state can not claun secession as a delegated right, und at th * sam? time exercise it ftldividually. 11 a state over had t!i n right of secession, and d. l 'gut *d it to tli? Uni ted Slat 's, ir ol course iso lotig r b longs to that Slate indi vidually. For tlifs,* nasous secession cannot be fiun t among ihe delegated rights. Jf, tii -ii. the right of s -cession exist at all, il must he in and others m-ntiooed in the article and section abov ted. Some are prohibited to th.” United States and th quo- I {>]”• it w as not revolutionary in intention, because th? p'if I sev- ; (de did not at first wish revolution, but the reverse, they I 20,000, 9.000, 4.500, . 4,000, 3.500, 3.000, 2.500, 2.000, 1.500, 1,000, 3.500, 2.500, 13,000, 00,000. Less than TWO Blanks to ONE Prize! All the Prizes to be floating from the commencement, ex cept the following, deposited ns follows, viz LAW. ?rnii E subscribers, having ent"r”d into copartnership Li itt the practic* of th * Law, will attend to arty busi ness entrusted to their management in the Western Circuit, and Union, Lumpkin, Gilm r and Forsyth counties in th? (ffierokes Circuit. ’Their office will be kept in Ciarkesville, Habersham count}-, Georgia; where all communications to them will he directed. March 23, 1331. WILLI AM 11. STEELMAN, 40-13t.JOHN W. H. UNDERWOOD. JA31ES fJ, HORSE, ATTORNEY AT LAW, EfjTAVIN('4 located himself in LUMPKIN, Stewart ennn- 5.flL tv, tenders his service;: to hi- friends and the public gen -rally irt the PRACTICE of LAW. He will attend the Courts of the Chattahooche * Circuit, and all business con fided >o him will be promptly attended to. • March 12, 1334. 131—36 . T W> HUNDRED DOLLARS’ REWARD. AN A WAY, from the subscriber, .ahouttbe 10th of A- L, pril last, (1833,) in Walton county, Ga. a n -gro-man by the name of JOE. between thirty-five and forty years Of age, very dark complexion, with heavy hea d about his mouth and chin, five feet ten or eleven inches high, » coop er and ( cars? shoe-maker. If is t hought that he may have ’'b-*n carried off by sons? vrtiite person, and sold. It so, 1 ill give the toward of two hundred dol'ais lor th? delive- fJ'THfLo I rV oftlv *m both to m? in the alK.vn named county, with sub you, 1 of 800, 1 ot (00, 1 of OOO, 1 ol n00, 1 ot lOO, 1 ot aoo, , Second Day's Drawing—1 Prize of 10,000, 1 of 1,0001 of 1)00, 1 of 800i 1 of 700,1 of 600, 1 of 50J, 1 ol 40J, 1 of 300, Third Day's Drawing—1 Prize of 10,000, 1 of 1008, 1 of 900, 1 of 800, 1 of 700, 1 of 600, 1 of 300,1 ol 400,1 ol 300, 1 of 200. 4t—46 GEORGE L. DEMING, TO THE TEACHERS Add Friends of Education in general. A MEETING of the Teachers’ Soqiety will be h"ld, on i\ Monday, the 16th day ol June next, at Mount Zion, lanoock county. AU interested in the eause of instruction, ad Teachers willing to further the objects of the Society, re earnestly invited to atbaid. Provision will he made fur members and friends who at- nd the Society’s Meeting. Mr. Betnari is appointed to de- :ver an address. By order of the. Society. May 3,1834.-44 ROBERT C. BROWN, Sec ry. notice. L LL persons are hereby forwarned trespassing upon a !/)t of Land, lying and situate in Fayette county, *or- ?rly a part of Henry county, being number ninety-one, fifth District of th - land formerly embraced in Ilenry untv, as 1 have legal titles for said Lot of Land. 1 will il said Lot of 1 and, if a reasonable offer is made for the at?. Savannah, April 15, 1834. , 42 JOHN JAMES FORSYTH, adm or. '.* The editors of the Federal mion will please publish the ve twice a month fur two months, and forward flieir account to s office of the .Savannah Georgian. ^ F.ORGIA, DeKalh county. ’ . . r AKEN up, by William P. Foster, of tha seven hun dred and twenty-second district of (ieorgia militia, ami isted before Hardy Pace, a justice of the peace for said >unty, a black mar ■ Pon?y, altout four and a half f et high, ith a small white speck on the right side of her neck, and ipposed to b? about five or six years old, but no brands per- •iveble—appraised to twenty dollars by Stephen Jett and euben N. Thomason, on the 26thday of April, 1834. A true extract from the estray-book. May 10, 1834- K E B. REYNOLDS, c. i. c Fourth Day's Drawing— 1 Prize of 10,000, 1 of 1,000, J of 0, 1 o '800, 1 of 700, 1 of 600, 1 of 500, 1 of 400, 1 ot 300, 1 °Fifth and last Day's Drawing—1 Prize 20,000, 1 of 1,000, 1 os' 900, 1 of 800, 1 ol 700, 1 ot GOO, 1 ol M0, 1 of 400, 1 of 300, 1 ot 200. • „ i .pi * i i And on the commencement of the Firbt, Second, I ujru, and Fourth Day's Drawing, thejfnrf drawn number shall be en- titled to a prize of 41,000, and on the conclusion of the last Dav’s Drawing, the first and last drawn nt mber shall be en- litl ff to a capital prize of 8:5,000 each, ir. .tddtiion to such prizes as may be drawn to th**ir numbers. The whole Lottery to be completed in I HE DA IS Draw ing only!—PRIZES ONLY to be DRAWN The whole of the Prizes payable m sixty days after each Day's Drawing, subj -ct to a deduction of fifteen per cent.— All prizes not applied for in twelve months iromeach draw ing, to be considered as a donation to the funds of the Mfl- iedgeville Street Lottery. The drawing to take place under the superintendence ol William W. Carnes, -Samuel Buffington, Samuel Rockwell, William ii. I’orranck, Joseiui Stovall, John H. Ware, John W. A. Sanforu Robert M-Comis, and B. P. Stubes, Commissioners; also a Board of \ isitors. PRESENT PRICE OF TICKETS. Wholes, 8HD—Ha ves, §5—Quarter, S2v r i0. j GEOIR'JA, Henry county. For sale, in a great variety of numbers at the Commission- : n*js W1D CAUROLI-, ofo ers’ Office, on Wayne-street, opposite the Printing office of fore William Ciimp, Es lh”G*orgia Journal. , Which add<*d together, will rxlnhitthe bril-tant spectacle of S3G,5iM4, in the Wheel exclusive of a great number of 50’s and 20‘s ,. , , , , The two great Prizes of 810,000, which have been drawn in this lottery were botli disposed of by the Secretary in this place, on *of which was drawn by Franklin Ruth erford, Esq. of Washington county. The lxittery is now drawing rapidiy to a ciose; those per sons who are m th- least desirous of increasing their for tunes or bring placed in easy and comfortable circumstan ces will be most wretchedly blind to their own interest, should they permit the present golden opportunity to pass unimproved. . , Look al the splendid Prizes above, therefore we invite all to come or send immediately to I,v order of th * Board, byoraer pK10R WRIGHT. April IG, 1934.-41 Secretary to Commissioners. proof to ensure th* conviction of th<* thi"f, or one hundred dollars for the Negro alone or information so that I get him if not stolen or earned off, it is likely lie will lurk about n nr some of his relations, for th? purpose of their harboring him; and 1 will giv? a reward of twenty-five dollars to any p-rson who will lodg* him in any safe jail, so that 1 get him. He was raised, I am informed, by a gentleman of the until? of Crawford in Grouse county, Ga. and has a brother owned by V\ illinm Crawford, of Ran dolph county. another owned by William Merit of Ilenry- county, and bis father and mother an* own 'd by Mrs. Boon, widow of Sion boon, Morgan county. Jailers in this State ere requested to notice this, as 1 am confident h? will not tell his proper owner’s name. Som? y *ars previous to this, 1 am told, he runaway, and lay about Augusta, from there to Savannah, and was put in jail, and remained thcr * a great length oftim-? by telling lies relative to his master's nam?. JOHNS. MEANS. Walton county, Ga. March 8, 1834. iin6t 39 *.• The Georgia JciMnal. M»c«n Messenger, n-i Au?usta Chro nicle will give the above four insertion*, and forward their ae- rocr.t- to s'ocial Circle. Walton county, f-irynyittent. J.g.M. ~ " Fuim IIS. WOOI.SEY, at her Boarding House, will be pleas ed to rec- ive her friends from ih? up country, or travellers from othpr directions. The sffuation is a pleasant one, in a c rural part of th" city, opposite the Bank of Au gusta and State Branch Bank, and betroeenjhe 3Iasonic Hall and United Slates’ Hotel. \r eommodations for gen- tl m n and ladies, o’- for families trnv.'lling, it is hiqied will !>.• found comfortable and agrecabl-*.—A good stable in the rear of the premises. Augusta, Ga. May 13, 1834.—4t 46 V The Federal I'tiio:’ w'" it areoinfi for publishing the :ibore t? rbe office of the Augusta Crn'tituiionalist. •aplain Cook's district, toll! be- Esquire, a black Mare, four years old this spring, four f *?t ten inches high, with a star in her foreh -ad. and a small snip in her nose—appraised, hy John Bond and John Treadwell, to sixty dollars, on the 8th day of April, 1834. ^ A true extract from the estray-bo6k. May 17, 1834. 17 A. G. MURRAY', d. c. i. c. TO TIIS1 PENSIONERS OF SOUTH CAROLINA. B Y a'ReRolution passed at the last sessi n of the Legisla ture, all the Officers and Soldiers of the Revolution, are strieken from ihe Pension Roll of this Stat", from and after the 1st of March last. This notice is given to enable such per.-ons to pr. "lit their claims to th" Federal Govern ment. which has marie ample provision for them, to which they must resort in future (or that relief which has here tofore been afforded bv the State. GREENVILLE DELEGATION. Greenville Ccwrt-II'msr, .*'. C. April J-\ 1831.-41 be exercised concurrently by them; such, for in.-.tanc power to lay and collect taxes. i j*t ns now consider more particularly th? several^classes of stai" rights: and first their reserved rights; tiies “embrace- the legislative, executive and judicial d'-partnv'nts of govern ment; th v s right of each state to make, expoundiand enforce its own laws within its own limits; in short th.? right to ex- ercis? all powers which belong to legitimate government, or to a sovereign people, excepting such as each state del -gated to the United Stales or prohibited to itself. Jn tlie ex rci^e of del"gat"rl powers the constitution does not limit th * dis cretion of lit? federal government; and it may keep within th? letter and violate the meaning and spirit of th? constitu tion; that is to say, it may abug? a delegated power; forex- ample, that government is authorized expressly, to lay and collect taxes; tin* discretion of the gov-rtimcnt is not limited as to th” amount of taxes to be collected; it might, therefore, lay a ruinous tax upon p”ople, when there was no n**eff of any Lax at all; still it would be in the exercise of a delegated power, bat grossly abusing it; or as we commonly say, it would be a violation of the meaning and spirit of th? consti tution; for the true m >aRing and spirit of itis, that all dele gated powers shall b? exerci.-cd for good and not for ill to the people; hot w hat is for good ct ill, is submitted by tit? con stitution to the judgment of the government i’seif. But if the government in tho exercise of that judgment, act the ty rant, and force the petfpte tinder oppression, from which con stitutional remedies are in vain resorted to for relief, no state would bo bound to fold up its arms in submission to tit? ty rant, and kiss the iron rod that smote it. But w lien the gen eral government so exercises a delegated power, as to leave a state no a!Irritative but resistance or ruin; it is th? right of thWstate to throw itself upon the great principle of self-de fence, (a principle which no state dispossessed itself of by delegation;) and Li use such means of resistance as it may deem, in honest judgment, most adequate to their object.— This right of self-preservation is th? first article in the con stitution of animated nature, which no generation of men can rightfully dispossess their posterity of, and which, th -re- fore, would be our inalienable right, even hadour forel'ith rs adopted it as a part of the constitution, that, the several states- in all cases should submit to th? power of the federal go vernment upon th? principle of‘passive obedience and non- resistance. 8o long asth ; foderal gov Timisnt exercises del egated powers only, even though it abuse these powers to an oppressive extent, the suffering state is bound by con- ti- tutkmal obligations, as well as by prudence, to us* all tlie m arts of redress which the constitution affords, before it re sorts to means that are extra-constitutional; fir resistance to organized government in the wise or unwise, just or unjust exercise of the powers which belong to it, is revolutionary in principle, and therefore not justifiable but a> a last resort. But the right ot a state to interpose its authority between its reserved rights and the federal governm*nt, when it invades th?m, rest* upon a very different principle. In such a case a state lias a riglit to resist in the first resort. * It would not be bound, in the first instanc-*, to rely upm constitutional in“ans, such as the right of the people to petition for redress of grievances, the elective franchise, and th? freedom of the press, for th°se are means provitied’or recognized by tire con stitution against th? grievances or unwise exercise of delega ted powers by the federal government: but as a stale may. without any violation of constitutional obligation, and with out exercising any revolutionary priacip e, place itself be tween its reserved rights and-the foderal goverum ot, v.i 1J- ing in one hunt: its reserved sovereignty, raid in the other the moral and physical energies of th? people.* And if driven to. extremity, may reclaim from the U'nif-.l States its d legat ed sovereignty, s.*etdefrom a violated and oppressive union, and stand in defiance of its frowns. The federal government has no more authority to control the reserved powers of astat” ihon ihe gov ernment of France or of Great Britain has. If any man dispate this doctrine, I would ask him to point -o the source from whence ihe federal government derives any authority, even ’he smallest, direct or indirect, remote or immediate, positive or incidental, over the reserved state rights. Will he point to the constitution? But t!i<* constitu tion is against him—for it expressly declares that th - federal govemm"nt shall exercise no power but such as is delegated to it by the states. It involves a contradiction, and, th"ro- fore, cqnnot be true, to say, that tlie states reserved certain rights from the action of the federal government, and yet delcgat-d • tthority to it to act upon th**se same rights. A nd such authority must be delegated to that goverum mt if it can bring these rights under ita decision, so as to divest th? slates of all auth rity to decide. By d"claring that certain original rights are reserved to the states, J nnd-r-t.arul th? constitution to mean, that they are reserveiW-- Wei! <cofl|ihf pie, th? gallant Parjpirms did not act upon revolutionary principles whenlh-”y first resisted, for they sought not to Ink? from, or alter any principle or power of government, but to prevent the government from taking from them tlieir rights, nnd seizing power which it had not before. It was th? government hat attempted revo'utior. and not the p*e- ple. tiii lit? obs’macy and delusion of governm*nt d.-ov.* them to th? determination to overturn the power tiiat did be long to it. Any resistance to a government, of nbsolut ly terms: it must, th?r?fore, follow, that each yielded to. and received from tit? oth *r, equal rights. Not o j * yielded any thing to ih? oth -rs without receiving from tlnrn, an equiva lent; for if it were otherwise,-th? conditions of Ihcepnnaer were unequal. It is possible that som? of tlie stales, i.i th” actual adjustment, of th? conditions of tii ? union, limy hav? given greater advantage's titan they received, for instortc", tlie large slates gave the small ones an equal weight with themselves i t th? senate, and for tiffs advantage, ilier'inil states agreed, thatth? large otv-s .-Itouid have greater weight, became more repres-nmtivas, in tho other house. But wh "ther that which each star? received from the others, i:i exchange for that which was gix"ti, bfe realty naequival .u Air not. it was received as such, and acknowledged to be* in full Mtiliiction. If two m m make a fair bargain, an i u\ - - changeprop.Tiy,that which one rtccivis may b? more vale- unlimited power, may be considered revolutionary in princi- 1 n 6i" than that which lit? other gives; yet th? contract is as pie; but if lit? jiower of government have limits, and it bindmg in morals nnd Jaw, as it wt/tfld he, were the thins i break over these limits upon the rights of the governed, i ‘d equal value. States are uotp^ioscd of individuals, and ir and they resist, il is the Ibrtnet atid not th? latter that pro-j cannot _b" morally and legally riglit for a great numb-rot voke revolution upon revolutionary principl *. If a state' p rsons to do tfi.it, v. inch it would b? morally and legally attempt los-iz? upon the delegated power of the United j avrong for a snmll qumber to»o. alt? character of an a-r States, and they resist, it is not revolutionary resistance; it dijps not dr{i ,*nd on tli.? number of tli? n-tors. Murder is still is defending themselves from being revolutionized bv the ] nmfiier, wither committed byonep *rsori,or by ten; treason state. If th? federal gov<;rnm?nt attempt to seize upon an ! 1 L still treason, whether perp.tratal bv ten or ten thousand, overthrow tii? reserved rights of n .state, and it. re; i.-t, tl:? ; B :1 hundred men were to enter into a tair contract, by jirincipleupon which resistanc.' is made is not revolutionary, j which sewicthing was given by each, for som-thing rtc'eivi d it is anti-revolutionary, (or it does not seek to cause a revo- from each, not one of tli-cn would have th? right afterwards lutioii in the federal government, but seeks to prevent that j to throw at the foot o( the others, that '.htch he receive.! government from producing revolution in the state govern- j ) 10,11 them, atid forcibly seize, that which he had given in mail. A state government is as regularly an orga:ii;.? r l | exchange, il nooneol a litmdred m *n could rightfully do government as th?2'?d*ral. Both are the governments of i tins, t trill ter cpul^J any part yl a hundred thousand, or tne people of each state, and it takes both to compose fully j twelve millions. Tin; people of each state, when they th? govarnment of th? p *opi *. Each is independent of th? i adopted the con-ttitution, entered into a l.'ir contra - t w.t i other in ita sph-rataatl each is equally authorized by ;h? tli? peojile of the other states, by which cot|Jract, each peopl • people to defend itself against th? other. If a stat? resist the foileralguvemmai: in ihe exercise ofundclegned power, tiie cqpscqunnc?, indeed, may be revolution; and it is equal ly true, that if the foderal government resist a state in an at- tt rapt to invade th* del?gated rights of th? United States, th? cqaseqnmjce may be revolution, but in either case, the revolutionary principle is not in the resistance, but in tli ? in vasion of the rights of the oilier. l'li? mind is apt t<> contemplate resistance to organized gov.'.-niueiit as revolutionary in principle, because history informs in, that if th? government triumph in th? struggl", it utter fails to treat the peopl? as traitorous revolutionists, arid ii' th; revolutior vengeanoe of the government. Under a fcnsolidated gov gave and received something I'rum in? other; sovereign an i conventional rigiits bring lit? subj-cts of exchange, it would, th -refor.*, be vi.flatory of every principle of inaral obligation and constitutional law, for any ouc st ite to throw back to tit? others, thp rights lecciveti, and snatch from th'bi, th? rights given, 'ibis, of course, would be ilia di rect cifcct of s 'Mssinh; therefore, s *:• ssion is not a stat? right.. Th? del-gated rights of the 1 biit?d States being sov ereign, would return to each stale were the union dissolved, hut the acquired? rights of the states, jointly or severally, heing conventional, miut ho lost when tli? mion f ills; for they had no uxisteitee before th? coasffturidtial compact; th-y live in th? constitution, and v.’re not, hqeile? sovereign e people triumph, th-v g-tu-rall v invoke th? spirit of t > h**y live m tit* constitution, and w”re not, liqe the sovereign n to reform the abuses, and protact th'-in from the | delegated ri'Hts, transplant#] from slat? sovereignly into 6 je of tho government. Under a Consolidate)! gov- | constitutional ground, and upon the <1 I ruction cf that eminent, the p'Hjpie cannot,«with any r^asotiaU-? hope of j ground would vegetate in their origitpl soil. U e must u^jK success, resist, unless they can succeed in organizing ret it- i in the constitution itself, lor all acquired rigltls, and we wtll^ ancr, and this they must do in the beginning, secretly, and look th-re in vain for any clause that l.ivo-s the doctrine ot alike risRof their lives; therefore, the people generally will ! secession, even though the most latitndinary constrccuoa not join in resistance, till th*ir oppressions become idtolera-' bebrsorteo to for that ‘ purpose. Can th? rightof s "cession bis, but in strict principle, they have as much right to resist I be inferred fromtha nature and objects oi in? union: It a small as a great invasion of their franchises and powers cannot lrom its objects, for they are attainable bj u p r- nut to so great government onl lreadyorganized, anU will not, therefore, sub- tne veins ana urien s, smews uttunar- •« «>i u»- a a degre? of oppression as th -y will under one i leaving ii expos-d to all the perils of mortification an 1 con- dy. The stale government may defend the ! vulsiens, to which th ; human body would be liable, v/en* reserved, thefcd-ral government the delegated rtgltLs of the j on? oi its tn-mbers tom from it. Can it be i:i'i*rr?d from people. This right of self-defence is a conservative, and j the moral nature of contracts? Can one state say to its co- not a dangerous principle among states or individuals, la a. stal'*!<, w? will give up all that we receiv’d from ton, atta community of individuals, take from them the individual j take back all that you received from us, when we made our right of selfodef nee, and the thi-fith? robber and murd *rer constitutional contract wheihsr you are willing or not. would do their work, in defiance cf the protection and pun- Would not th? other status have a right to replj, what v altiesoflaw, more frequently than they now do, for on” ; received from you was nofahoon which ton b* stowed on great restraint, tint of foar of the vengeance of the individ- | hs, to beenjoyed so long only as might suit your good wi.t ual assailed would be removed. In a community of states, j and pleasure; but what w? received lrom you we paid lor. Like from them their individual right of defence, and the : it belongs to us: it xs our right, ion have nomore auttriri- amhitious, the demagogue and tyrant, would urge th? Fed-: ty to take fr» ,,n ,,s d| e rights which we acquired lrom jou erul Government upon them, unrestrained by the constitu-| for attainable consideration, by merely retarpm^ fo^Mtlmt tib.-t. than: man personal power Who can think tions the same imprudent for either a state or ih?fiideral gpvernramt ~ — y - . . nm •„ ,t,„„ t,.;? sort to force against the other, even when il had ostrictright ty which we yieldodto you. and we will take-th-pt back, to do so, so long as there was ' wrongs, for in a conflict of force, and the blood of man, sh?d in political * lr ‘*- r t o'i -*y • *“— j—~„ ground with such an awful voice, as to agitate the elements, bates nor any Rung else which we obtained from ywum- and madden the fo-elings of society, and then.the eye ol' the foir contract lor a consideration which you yourse^wc prophet only can scan tho foari'ul consequences. i knowl -dged ai the time to be satisfactory, and yo» <c Much need not lie said of the s’cond class of state rights. 1 take them from us. If neither parfj wooW ytem, in Tho powers included in this class, are to be exercised by the tion could be settled by the arbitram9Bt«f the sv; onrqwj, states, jointly, that is in their united capacity; but the states ! and that party would beirrthe fight, wltosejnugraem wi have a several interest in them. When the people of a right. If a state has » riMrt to make a contraot imcL ilWH statu UelgBUed a power to th? United States, they did not en- j break it at pleasure, and the oth-r jarty WijgWWW tirclxirf^^oss-ss ihamselves " ' '* ‘ * ' fereat war, tuid join Ives of it; they stiii ex ireise it, but i judgment, no right to mterw^ to proven. *■ braWB t l tnd jointly with ethers. For i.astaace, 1 contract, then any state has thi right to roctiCN BSWU-euf i : -.' j ’

Georgia Historic Newspapers

The federal union. (Milledgeville, Ga.) 1830-1861, June 04, 1834, Image 1