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ore oaring the defences of the country
IionsU 1 !” r., t __
CH£SO£iEli T iE iTi.
every proper and laudable inducement should be offered to
jious "• t ' jj { 0 f detestable hypocrisy, or of Articl** "f ,l Trea ty agreed U/nmat the city of Washington, the;r people to improve iheir condition, a* well as to guard
They * rtJ » J ' J j March 11, 1835, between J. F. Schermerhorn, on the part anil secure, in the newt effectual manner, lhe rti
t -| parsimony.
V Tnev have further objected, that it was not 1
,ificieiitly s|»ccific. Why then, with the great
sl, 1 ‘ elU which they boast, did they not, by amend-
make it more specific? Why did they
out the objects, on which the expendi-
^^shojld be made? Lest tiie president should
rather a larger proportion of the expendi
ture," than Mr. Clay, or Mr. Webster, or Mr.
Calhoun might think proper, to the completing
and arming the forts or perhaps to fiitiug seven-
tv-fours for service, they resolved not to make
tiu' appropriation. They determined, that the
country should remain exposed to attack, and
unprepared for defence, rather than give to An-
drew Jackson the means of defending her.
In what particulars would these objectors re
quire the appropriation to be more specific?—
L>o they desire that the act of appropriation
should prescribe, what part of the appropriation
should he employed in completing the construe-
tion of forts? What part of it should be em
ployed in procuring cannon for them? And
what part of it should be employed in prenar-
mg our national ships for service? The deei.
sion of all of these questions depends on a full,
ness of information, running into a minuteness
of detail, which is possessed by vnrv few mem
burs of congress, but which the president might ■
at any time procure from the war and navy de
partments, and from the officers of die nn-nv
and navy. We doubt not that th** president
would have made a wiser specification of the
proper objects o? such an appropriation than it
would have been possible for congress to devise.
Our extracts, taken from the Globe, from laws
passed under different administrations, will show,
that it has been the practise of the government,
under the liost administrations, to make a part
of their anprnnriations, in terms somewhat
vague and indefinite; leaving it in some degree
to the experience, the zeal, and the prudence of
the administration, to make a wise and salutary |
application of the funds committed to its care, j
The whigs further objected, that this appro, j
prinuon would nut it in the power of the nresi-j
dent to make war on France. This objection 1
is refuted bv the very words of *lie aonroprfa- j
tion. wh : cli proposed to give to the president, the i
means of defending the country against hostifi- J
tv, hat armed him with no authority to assail !
France on any point.
TheV also objected, that it would make flip j
presilent a military dictator at home and ena
ble him to overthrow the liberties of the country.
This objection conveys a groundless censure on
the president, who has always proved himself«
friend to the constitution and to liberty; i* is the
venomous abuse of disappointed and mortified
competitors, who endeavour to tarnish dint vir
tue which the people delight to honor. It is an
infamous slander on the American people. Tt
supposes that they are base and cowardly, nrone
to slavery, and incapable of defending *heir lib
erty. No' Hundreds of millions would not enable
any man to trample on tlielibertiesof these United
Spates; and the men who makethe odious asser
tion. who heap reproach and contumely on their
countrymen, deserve the indignant rebuke of a
free, brave, and high minded people, whom thov
have dared to insult.
The objections to the appropriation for do.
fence, against possible hostility, ar** devoid of
soliJry; and they evince*a determination in the
whig leaders, to sacrifice the honor and inter
ests of the Union, rather than see that honor
vindicated, and those imprests protected under
the administration of Andrew Jackson.
. . , — rights gtiarni
oj the I'nitea Slates, and a (telrgahon. oj the Cherokee U^u lo ihf in in lhu» treaty, and with a vi^w to illustrate iht?
trib‘- of Indians, which, by th • President of the Failed literal aid enlarged policy of the government of the tailed
States, is directed to be submitted to the Cherokee Nation uj towards the Indians, in their removal beyond theter-
Indians, for their consideration and approbation. " mortal limits of the-States, it is stipulated that they shall be
Whereas, s- V'-ral persons oi the i’lt-rokre nation of In- entitled to a delegate in the house of representatives of the
dians, ea*i »f the Mississippi river, have visited the <-ity of United Slates, whenever congress shall mike provision for
Washington, as delegates from that part of their nation in the same.
favor of-'migration, w ith a hop- and desjie of making some Articled The United Slat s also agr*e and stipulate to
arrangements which might he acceptable to th - government remove the Cherokees to tti--ir new homes, and t,> subsist
of the United states, and to tiieir nation g •neraliy, and there- them .me year after iheir arrival [her , and that a sufficient
by t miniating tit ditlinUn s w huh iti-v have exp ticiic- d number of si earn mats and naggage-wagotis shall be furnish-
during a residence within the setl-d portion of ltie United ed to remove them comfortably. and so as hot to endanger
States, under the jurisdiction and laws of the State govern- j dy-ir h aith; and theta physician. vveH supplied with medi-
merits, and with a view of reuniting ih-ir people in one cities, shall accompany each detachment of tmignnts re-
bisly, ami securntg to .hems Ives and th ir d scendants th • mov -d by til • government. They shall also be furnished
country s-lect'-d by their for fatli -rs, and stillici- nl to. all with blankets, k'llles, and rill s, as stipulated in the treaty
their wants, and whereon th-y can '*sla:>iish and perpetu- j 1828. rii<-blankets shall be delivered before their retno-
ate such a state of society as may bo most consonant with | val, an ; the kettles and rifles alter their removal in their new
their habits anti views, and as may tend to their individual ; country. Such persons and lainilc-s as, in th- opinion of
their lands; and i’i no case shall the amount agreed to he situation while you rontinue in your prrsrnt residence As
paid and invested in the aforesaid articles of this treaty ex-' certain as the sun shines to guide you in your path, so eer-
ceed this SUm. t— -— - * 1 ■ -■ * - ^ --
omfort and their advatiCcinetit in civilization:
And whereas, the President ol the i inited States, animat
ed with a sincere desire to r-lieve th in from their embar-
the Emigrating fg^nt, are capable of subsisting and remov
ing lit -m-selves, shall be p rinilted to do so; and they shall
be allowed in full for all claims lor tlit* same, twenty-five
russiuents, and to provide for them a p.* tnanent establish- I dollarstor each member of their family, slaves excepted, for
in -lit; and being williim, so liir a.-- his consiitudonal power I whom (those now owned m ih- muion.) they shall be alio w-
cx! itds, to u-,e all lie- etp, u- to accompli.-h th.-.-eo'ij ct.s, has I ed eighteen dollars each; and in It Ml of their one year’s ra-
yiehled to th ■ wishes thus xp ess-sl lo him in h-half of the ( Hons, lh y shall lie paid the sum of thiriy-tliree dollars, thir-
Cherok-s, and litis authoriz 'd John F. Seherraei horn to i (y-lhree cents, if ttiey preterit. And, in order to • ncourage
meet ill • said members of lh Cli rok -e nation, and to ar- j immediate removal, and with a view to benefiting the poorer
range with ill *m such terms as may he just and proper be- ' class of iheir people, the Uuited Slates agree arid promise
tween the parties: 1 to pay each member of the Cherokee nation one hundred
And w h reus, the said John F. Schermerhorn and the' ai jd bfty dollars on his removal, at the Cherokee agency
said d‘ 1 -gallon of the Ch -robe nation of Indians, have met i West, provided they euroland remove within one year from
tog-uher and have lak.-n the whole matter into consideration, (he ratification of this treaty: and one hundred dollars to
SCHEDULE.
For Removal - - - S25b,000 00
Subsistence ... 400,000 00
Improvements and ferries - 1,000,000 00
Claims and spoliations - - 250,000 00
Domestic animals - - 10,00ft 00
National debts - - 60,000 00
Public buildings - - 30,000 00
Printing press, &c. - - 5,000 00
Blanket* - - - 36,000 00
Rifles - - - 37.000 00
Kettles ... 7,000 00
Per capita allowance - - 1,800,(100 00
General fund - - 406,000 00
School fund ... 160.000 00
Orphan’s fund - - 50,00ft 00
Additional territory - - 500,000 00
tain is it that you cannot drive hack the laws of Georgia
: from among you. Every year will increuse your difficulties,
i Look at the condition of the Creeks. See the collisions
! which are taking place with them. See how their young
men are committing depredations upon the property of our
j citizens, and are shedding their blood. This cannot and
1 will not be allowed. Punishment will follow, and all who
• are engaged in these offences must suffer. Your young
men will commit the same acts, and the same consequences
must ensue.
Think then of all these things. Shut your ears to bad
counsels. Ix»ik at your condition as it now is, and then
consider what it will la? if you follow the advice I give
vou. Your friend,
Signed. ANDREW JACKSON.
Washington, March 16, 1835.
School fund already invested
Commutation of perpetual annuity
£15,000,000 00
48,251 76
214,000 00
$5,262,251 76
INDIAN TREATY.—Our anticipations on
this subject, have not been fully realized. The
senate had been, consulted, and had expressed
its approbation of the principal features of the
treaty; and the delegates front both portions of
the Cherokee tribe had given their consent.—
But Joint Ross, the principal delegate from the
party heretofore opposed to emigration, subse
quently refused to sign the treaty, for reasons
which may hereafter be explained. It is now
to be submitted to the tribe for their adoption;
and its terms are so liberal and advantageous to
the Cherokees, that we do not believe that Ross
and Underwood will be able to procure their re
jection.
A few weeks ago we expressed our dissatis-
faction, as Georgians, with a vote given bv Jud:;e
White, against a similar treaty, submitted by
the president, to the senate, in the spring of
eighteen hundred and thirty-four. The United
States’ Telegraph, in noticing our remarks, pro
fessed to have made satisfactory inquiries on
the subject, and denied that Judge White had
given such a vote. The Southern Recorder,
on whose authority, as to the fact, we had made
our strictures, reaffirmed its statement; and the
Globe, whose article on the subject we publish,
proves that Judge White was the author of the
motion to reject the treaty to which we referred.
That treaty was very liberal in the provisions
for the Cherokees, which it proposed to make;
was satisfactory to Georgia; and would forever
have closed those controversies to which Geor
gia has for several years been a party, and
which have even threatened the harmony oft he
Union. Wo could make allowances for the mis.
guided philanthropy of northern men, who are
ignorant of the real state of the facts, and ar
rive at most erroneous conclusions on this inter
esting subject; but we were struck with extra-
ordinary surprise, at seeing a southern senator
(out of South Carolina) throw himself in oppo
sition to the wise and benevolent attempt of ihe
president, to secure the rights of Georgia, to pre
serve the peace of the Union, and at the same
lime to preserve, and cherish, and provide for
the unhappy Cherokees. We least of all ex
pected this opposition from a southern man,
whom we had believed to be a virtuous, benevo
lent, and judicious statesman. Perhaps Judge
White, or his friends (we do not mean the nulli
fiers; tor they are his enemies, ani are making
use of him for the advancement of their own
views,) will be able to give n satisfactory ex
planation of the principles which regulated his
conduct on a subject of such deep interest to
Georgia; but we have not been able to resist the
suspicion, that in taking the lead to defeat this
wise and humane policy of the administration,
he was throwing himself into the arms of the
nullifiers and nationals, and courting from them,
at the expense of Georgia, a popularity which
might raise him into the presidential chair If
we shall have reasou to believe that this suspi-
cion is unjust to Judge White, we will cheerful
ly recant it; for we had long felt a strong per
sonal, and political predilection for the distin
guished senator from Tennessee.
NEW POSTOFFICE.—In Merriwethcr rountv, Ga. on
the road leading from Zeb jlon to Greenoville, and within
■even and a half miles of the latter place, a postoffice, hv
the name of Wood-House, has been established, of which
Mr. E- L Vardama;; is postmaster
and have a^r-ed h, ijii certain articles which ore to b-
md'Tcd merely as p'oposmons to be mad ■ lo lh. Cherokee
people, on b half of the Uur *.l Slates, and to be utterly in
valid until approved by th m, it bcin^ distinctly understood
ihat lie* Ch. rok -e p-opl.* are not in the slightest manner
Com inn tod by the formation of the provisional arrange
ment—
Now, therefore, in consideration of the premises, and with
a view to tne final adjnstm *nt of all claims, and demands of
every kind, of tie* Cli-’.-okees east of lh • Mississippi river,
upon the uniiisl Stales, it is ngr*ed as follows:
Article I. This treaty shall tie submit ted to the p**op|-* of
the Cherokee nation, mr that purpose to be assembled at
New Ecliota, alter due notice being given of tin* time of
meeting by tic* commissioner appoint'd by .the President
of the United Suites, u hose duty it shall be fully to explain
all its contents to t In in, and th • \ i**ws of the government in
regard to it, lor their concurrence and adoption; and if it
shall appear, aft r a fair, tree, and full expression of tli*ir
sentiments, that a majority of the people are in lavor of the
treaty, it shall tw considered as approved and confirm tl by
the nation; and their whole country shall lie deemed to he
ceded, and tiiej r claim ami titie to it cease. But n is always
understood that the treaty stipulations in former treaties,
that have not been annulled or superseded by this, shall
continue ill full force
Article 2. i he Cherokee nation of Indians, for and in con
sideration of the additional quantity of laud guarantied and
secured to them by th ■ third article of this treaty, and of the
fulfilment of the covenants and stipulations hereinafter men
tioned, end also of tiie sum of four millions five hundred
thousand dollars, to be expend 'd, paid, and invested, as
agreed in the following articles, do hereby cede, relinquish,
and convey to the United Stall's, all iheir right and title to
ail the lands owned, claimed, and possessed by them, in
cluding tic* lands reserved iiy them for a school fund, cast
ol the Mississippi river.
Article 3. Whereas, by the treaty of May 6, 1824, and tiie
supplementary treaty thereto, of February 14, 1.533, with
the t'herokees west of the Mississippi, the United states
guarantied and secured, to Is* conveyed by patent, n> the
Cherokee nation of Indians, the follow ing trad of country:
‘•Beginning at a point on the old western territorial line of
Arkansas territory, Iteing twenty-five miles north from the
(Mjint where th: territorial line crosses Arkansas river;
thence running from said north point south on the said terri
torial line to the plm v w li re the said territorial line crosses
Verdegris riv.-r; thence down said Verdegr'S fiver to tiie
Arkansas river; thence down said Arkansas to a point
where a stone is placed opposite to the east or lower bank
ol Grand river, at its junction with the Vrkatisas; ilience
running south forty-four degree west, ore* mil’*: th nee in a
straiglu 1 ui ■ to a point limr mil 's northerly, front thp mouth
oitlie north fork of the Canadian: thence along tin' said four
mile* line to the Canadian; thence down the Canadian to
the Arkansas; ilience down the \ rkansas to that point on the
Arkansas when* the eastern Choctaw boundary strikes said
river, and running thence with the western line of Arkan
sas territory, as now defined, to the southwestern corner of
Missouri; thence along the western Missouri line to the land
ass;giie I the Senecas; them e on the south line of the Sene
cas lo Grand river; thence up said Grand river as far as the
south line of the Osage reservation, extended if necssarv;
thence up and !> tween said south Osag" line, extended west
if necessary, and a line drawn due west from th ■ point of
beginning to a certain distance west, at which a line running
north and south, from said Osage line to said due w 'st line,
will make seven millions of acres within th 3 whole describ
ed boundaries. In addition to the seven millions of acres of
land thus provid d for and hounded, the United States fur
ther guaranty to th • Cherokee nation a nerperual outlet
west, and a free and unmolested use of all the country King
« m ol tier Western boundary of said * ven millions ofacres,
as la- vv.'st as jfic sove-eigmy of the Unit-d Males and th>ir
right oi soil «*xt aid; Provided however, that If til" saline or
sail plain on || lf . western prairie shall fall within said limits
preseiilied |,, r sa ; { | otifict, the right is reserved to the United
Stat'-s to permit other tribes of red ne*n to get salt on said
plain, in Common with the Cherokees; and letters pa'ent
-hall tie iss,,.,^ py ]},p United States, as soon as practicable,
for th- 1 lanfl (jerehv guarantied.”
And whereas it is appr hended hv the Cherokees, that in
the abov-'* cession lh re is not contained a sufficient quantity
ol land flip (ire arn ■mmotlniion of the whole nation, on their
removal west of the Mississippi, the United States, therefore,
hereby covenant and agree to convey to the said Indians,
arid tle*i r descendants, hv patent, in fee simple, the foilow-
,n S additional tract of country, situamd between the west
line of (fre s;,;,je of Missouri and ihe Osage reservation, be
ginning -j| die sootlvast corner of ihe -ame. and runs north
along ihe ea-t Iin * of the Osage lands, fiftv miles, to the
northeast corner thereof; and thence east to th'* west lin® of
•h 0 State of Missouri; thence with said Iin-. somii fiftv
mil's; thence west to the place of beginning: estimated to
contain eight-hundred thousand aor* s of land; lint it is rx-
oresslv understood, that if anv of the lands assigned the
Quanaws shall fall within the aforesaid hounds, the same
shall he reserved and excepted out of the lands above
granted.
Articl" 4. The United States also agree that tVe lands a-
bove ceiled hv the treaty of February 14 1333, including
thp outlet and those ceded hv 'histr ety, shall all he includ
ed in one patent, to he executed t i tlw* Cherokee nation of
Indians, by the President of the United States, according to
the provisions of the act of May 28, 1830. It is, however,
understood and agreed, that the Union Missionary tation
shall he held hy the Atu- iican Board '.i> r Foreign Missions,
a ni th'* millt'iri r. s -rvatioii at tort Gibson, shall he held by
ih United Stat-s. But should the United States abandon
said post, and have nofmther use for the same, it shall re
vert to the Cherokee nation. The United Slat’s shall al
ways have the right to make and establish sin-h post and
military roads, and forts, in anv part of the Cherokee coun
try, as they may deeru proper for the interest and protection
of the sum.', and th. 1 free use of as much land, timber, fuel,
and mat rials of ail kinds for the construction and support
of the samp, as may he necessary; provided, that if the pri
vate rights of individuals are interfered w ith. a just com
pensation therefor shall he made. Wnh regard to the
Union Missionary Reservation, it is understood that the
American Board of Foreign Missions will continue to occu
py the same, for the benefit of the Cherokee nation; ami if,
at any time hereafter, they shall abandon the same, upon
payment for iheir improvements by the United States, it
shall revert lo the Cherokee nation.
Article 5. The I'nitiM! States also stipulate and agree to
extinguish, for the benefit of the t’herokees, the title to the
reservations within their country, made in the Osage tmatv
of 1825, to certain half breeds, and lor this purpose they
hereby agree lo pay to the persons to w hom the same belong
or have been assigned, or to their agents or guardians,
whenever they shall execute, after the ratification of this
treatv, u satisfactory conveyance for the same, to the Unit
ed Slates, the sum of fifteen thousand dollars, according to
a schedule accompany ing this treaty, of the relative value
of the several reservations.
Article 6. The United States hereby covenant and agree,
that the lands ceded to the Cherokee nation, in the foregoing
article, shall, in no future time, without their eonsent.be in
cluded within the territorial limits or jurisdiction of any
Slate or territory; hut they shall secure lo the Cherokee na
tion the right, by their national councils, to make and cariv
into effect all such laws as they may deem necessary for the
government and protection of the persons and properly w ilh-
in their own country, belonging to their people, or such per
sons as have connected themselves with them: Provided al
ways, I’hat they shall not be inconsistent with the constitu
tion of the United Slat* s, and such acts of congress as have
he*-n nr may be passed (or the regulation of Indian affairs;
and also, that they shall not he considered as extending to
such ciiiz- ns and army of ilie United States, as may i.-av-l
or reside in the Indian country, according to ih-- laws and
regulations established hy the government of the same.
Article 7. Perpetual peace and fri Midship shall exist be
tween the citizens of the United States and the Cherokee
Indians. The United States agree to protect the Uherokee
nation from domestic strife and foreign enemies, and against
intestine wars between the several tribes They shall en
deavor to preserve and maintain the jieace of the country,
and not make war upon »hejr neighhois; and should hostili
ties commence by one or more tribes, upon another, the
Cherokee council of the nation, when called ujion by th' au
thority of the President of the United States, shall aid the
United States with as many warriors as may bo deemed ne
cessary to protect and restore peace in the Indian country;
and wliili in service, they shall he entitled to the pay and ra
tions of the army of the United States. They shall also be
protected against all interruption and intrusion from citizens
of the United States, w ho may attempt to settle in the coun
try without tlt-ir consent; and all such persons shall here
moved from the same hy orderof th President of th- Unit
ed Slates. But this is n->. intended to prevent the residen
each person that removes within two years, and after this
no per capita allowance whatever will he mad.*; and it is ex-
pready understood, that the whole nalionsliall remove with
in two years from the ratification of the treaty. The re shall
also he paid to each emigrant since June 1833, one
hundred and fifty dollars, according to the assurances given
them by ill t Secretary of War, that they should he entitled
to ail tli. advantages and provisions of ihe treaty which
should he finally conelud d with'heir nation, l’hey shall
also h-- paid for the improvements, according to iheir apprais
ed value before they removed, where fraud has not already
been shown in th-* valuation.
Such Cherokees, also, as reside at present out of the na
tion, and shall remove with them, in two years, west of the
Mississippi, shall i»e -ntitie-1 t 0 per capita allowance, remo
val. a.nj subsistence, as above provided.
Article 1ft. Pin United Siat-*s agree to appoint suitable
agents, who shall make a just and lair valuation of all such
itnprov iiiMits now in th** jsis.session of the Cherokees, as
add any value to th'* lands, and, also, of the ferries owned
by tli-nn, according to iheir nett income; and such improve
ments and ferries from which they have been dispossessed in
a lawless manner, ur under any existing laws of the State
where iIn* same may he situated. The just d.-hts A" the In
dians shall ne paid out of any moneys due them for their
improvements and claims; am) they shall also lie furnished,
at the discretion of th * President, with a sufiicieui sum to
enable them to obtain the necessary means to remove them
•elves to their new homes, and the balance of their dues shall
h'* paid th ni at the Cherokee agency west of the Mississip
pi. Phe Missionary establishments shall also te valued and
appraised in lik * manner, and the amonni of ihem paid over
hy the Untied Slates to the treasurers of the respective Mis
sionary societies by whom they have been established and
improved, in order lo enable tii-nn to erect such buildings,
and make such improvements, among the C-hcrokees west of
the Mississippi,as they may deem necessary for their bene
fit. Such teachers at present among the Cherokees as tiieir
council shall select and designate, shall bo removed west of
the Mississippi with the Cherokee nation, and on the same
terms allowed to them. It is, however, understood, that
from the valuation of the Missionary establishments shall lie
deducted the pro rata amount advanced and expanded for the
same hy the Uil led Mates.
Article 11. The President of the United States shall in
vest in some sail-and most productive public stocks of the
country, for the benefit of ill " whole Cherokee italion, who
have removed ->r shall remove to the lands assigned by this
t<-.aty to i lie Cherokee nation west of the Mississippi, the
following Mims, as a p- rman- ni fund, lor purposes hereinaf
ter sp.-c,fil'd, and pay over the n.“U income of ihe same an
nually, to such person or persons as sliali be authorized or
appointed by the Clierok e nation to receive the same, and
tli. ir receipt .-.hall b" a full discharge Ibr the amount paid to
them, viz: t he sum <>f four hunUred thousand dollars, to
constitute a general fund, the interest ol' which shall be ap
plied snimaily by th-- council of the nation to such purpo-
s's as they may deem best lor the general interest of iheir
,-euple. i'li - sum of fifty thousand dollars, to eousiituie an
orphans' fund, - lie annual income of which shall be expend
ed towards the support and education of sur’li orphan chil
dren as are destitute of tic means of subsistence, fhe sum
of one hnndr d and sixty thousand dollars, to eousiituie a
permanent school fund, the interest of w hich shall be ap-
pii d annually by the council of the nation for the support of
common schools, and sin-lt a literary institution of a high *r
order as may he established in the Indian country, and in
order to secure, us lltr as possible, the true and beneficial ap
plication of the orphans’ and school fund, the council of the
Cherokee nation, when required hy the President of the
United States, shall make a report of the application of those
funds; and he shall at all times have he right, if the funds
have b- eti misapplied, to correct any abuses of them, and to
direct the manner of their application, for ihe purposes Ibr
which they were intended, l’he council of the nation may,
hy giving two years’ notice of their intention, withdraw
their funds, by and with the consent of the President and
*enate of the United Mates, and invest them in such a tnan-
•‘•r us they may deem most prop.r for their interest, i he
Unit- d Mat s also agree and stipulate to pay the Uherokee
council east, sixiy thousand dollars, and to expend thirty
thousand dollars in the erection of such mills, council and
school-houses iti their country west of the Mississippi us
their council shall designate. The sum of ten thousand
dollars shall be expended for tin* introduction of improved
breeds of the different domestic animals, as horses, hogs,
cattle, and sheep, which shall tie placed under the direction
of the agent of th tribe; and who, hy and wl li the advice
ol the council, shall distribute them to the best advantage
for the gen -ral benefit of the whole people. They shall
also pay to the council five thousand dollars towards procur
ing materials for a printing press, to enable them to print a
public n-’wspaper, and books in the Cherokee language for
gratuitous distribution.
Article 12. The sum of two hundred and fifly thousand
dollars is hereby set apart to satisfy and liquidate all claims
of every kind and nature whatever of the Cherokees, upon
the United Mates, and such claims of the citizens of the
United States against the Cherokees as com* within the
provisions of the inteicourse act of 1802, and as existed in
• fiber of ihe Slates of Georgia, Alabama, North Carolina,
and Tennessee, prior to the extension of the la a s of either of
such States over them. All claims of th- lu-iia.is shall first
be examined by the council of the nation, and then reported
to th- c -mraibsioner appoint 'd to adjudicate ih. same; and
lh. claims of the United ^laies shall first be examined by
th-- agent and council of the nation, and then ref-rretl to the
commissioner, who shall finally decide upon them; and on
Ins r Tlificate of the amount dup in lavor of the several
claimants, they shall be paid. If the above tdaims do not
■mount to the sum of two hundred and liny thousand dol
lars. the amount unexpended sliali he added to the orphans’
and school limbs
Article 13 The Cherokee nation of Indians, believing it
will he for the interest of llieir people to have all their funds
arid annuities under their own direction and future disposi
tion, hereby agree to commute their permanent annuity of
ten thousand dollars for th« sum of two hundred and fourteen
thousand dollars, the sum • to he invested hy the President
of the Uuited Stales as a part of the general fund of the na
tion; and th 'ir present school fund, amounting to forty eight
thousand two hundred and filty-ono dollars and seventy-six
cents, shall tie invested in the sam * manner as the school
fund provided in this treaty, and constitute a part of th-*
same; and both of them to be subject to the same disposal as
the other pan of these funds by the national council.
Article 14. Those individuals and families of the Chero
kee nation that ar.' averse to a removal to theCherokeecoun
try west of the Mississippi, and are desirous to become citi
zens of the Slates, where they reside, and such as, in the
opinion of the Ageni, are qualified to take care of them
selves and their property, shall he entitled to receive their
due portion of all the personal benefits accruing under this
treaty, for their claims, improvements, ferries, removal, and
subsistence; but they shall not be entitled to any share or
portion of the funds vested or tube expeuded for the com
mon benefit of the nation.
Article 15. It is also agreed on the part of tHe United
Mates, that such warriors of the Ch Tokee nation as were
engaged on the side of the United 5ilutes, in the late wars
with Great Britain and the southern tribes of Indians, and
who were wounded in such service, shall be entitled lo
such (tensions as shall bo allowed them hy the congress of
the United Slates, to commence from the period of their dis
ability.
Article 16. The United Slates hereby agree to protect
and defend the Cherokees in their possessions and property,
bv all legal and proper means, afier their enrolment, or the
ratification of this treaty, until the lime fix'd upon for their
removal; and if they a. e left unprotected, the United Stall's
shall pay the Cht’rok>*es for the losses ami daiuug;* sustain
ed by thorn in consequence thereof.
Article 17. The expenditures, payments and investments,
agreed to''be made hy the United Mates, iri the foregoing ar
ticles of this treaty, it is understood, are to be paid out of
the sura of four millions five hundred thousand dollars,
•greed to he given to the Cherokee nation for the cession of
their lands, and in full for all their claims, of every kind,
now existing against the United States.
Article 18. The annexed schedule, contains the estimate
for carrying into effect the several pecuniary stipulations
•ml agreements contained in this treaty; and if the sums af-
alfix- d for any specific object shall he more or less than is
requisite to carry the same into effect, the excess for such
estimate shall tie applied to make up the deficiency, if any
occur, for the* other objects of expenditure; and if, in ihe ag
gregate, tho payments and expenditures shall exceed or fall
short of the sev-ral suras appropriated for them, the same
shall be taken from, or added to, ^as the case may be,) the
funds to be vestil for the benefit of th** Cherokee nation,
according to the relative amounts intended to lie invested
! for each specific fund, by tins tr-*aly; but the suiu of two
Washington, March 25.
! Tiie President, 1 lea r n, lias appointed Messrs. Wm. C.
| Rives, of Virginia, and Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania, as
j commissioners to settle, as far as it can he done without in-
j terposilionof Militarv force, the controversy which has a-
j risen between the inhabitants of Ohio, and those of the ter-
1 ritorv of Michigan, in regard to the northern boundary line
of Ohio. Both of these g o ntlemen nrewell qualified for the
Article 19 This treaty, when it shall have been approved j office assigned to them of peace makers. Mr. Rush is now
and signed hy a majority of th“ chi -Is, headmen, and war- in this oily,'mid will, it is said, leave tomorrow for Ohio,
riors. of the Cherokee nation of Indians,and ratified hy the —Journal oj commerce.
president, hy and with the advice and consent of the senile
of the United States, shall be binding on the contracting PtEf). in Mtiioiseviiie. on these instant, HENKYW.MAt.-tNE
parties. t-'-l late cashier of tiie Centra! Bank, in the thirtv-sivth year of
, • , . , i his use. His disease was the nnlinotiarv consumption; nnd he
In testimony Whereof the said John F. Schermerhorn, endured lb.-- protracted and liri-rcrin- sufforinas. and met the era-
authorized as aforesaid, and the said Cherokee delega- dual approach of death, with Christian s-ren-ty an I fortund-*. He
tion, have set their hands and seals tiie day and year had been for many years a w-rt’iy member of the Methodist EmV-
•bove w rilten ' , ’ 0,, .® , ?'hutrh. He was * man of mild deportment, of kind temper.
John F. Schermerhorn, [Seal.]
John Ridge, [Seal.]
Archilla Smith, [Seal.]
Elias Boudinot, [Seal.]
S. W. Bell, [Seal.]
John’West, [Seal.]
Willmm A Davis, [Seal.]
Ez-kie! West, [Seal.]
Witness present,
Alexander Macomh, Major General United States’Army.
G-nrge Gibson, Commissary General.
William Allen.
Hudson M. Garland.
Sli-*rnmn Page. /
John Garland, Major United States’ Army.
and of pore monks til the discNar-re of t.he respon -ihle ditties of
tiie important office which tie Inns held, he euio.ved in an p-nni
and cmine.'. deere**. tiie ronfi-lenee of h.-th pirties. and his memo
rv is hold in high respect l»y the whole community in which lie re
sided
DIED, on the ssth ult.. in Tatlint county, Mrs. JIAKTHA KI RKS-,
(consort of Jadics L. Burks Us<|.) in tho fortieth year of her ace.
She hail been a pious ;md exeuml try men-herof the Ki| tistrt urch
for fifteen years, sic lc-s left disconsolate hushan-1, a hi rye
f unity, and » numerous circle of friends, to mourn their irret'sni
hie loss, and has cone to receive the reward of a faithful Christian.
Hi:i!)-<jl T ARTEKS.
First Brigade, third Division, Georgia Militia,
Eutonton, 31 st March, 1835.
>K I(i.VI)E-ORT)UHS.—Colonel S. 1). BETToxof
^ the county of Baldwin, is appointed Brigade Inspector
Benjamin F. Currey, Superintendent Cherokee removal, 1 of the first Brigade,third Division of Georgia Militia, with
the rank of Major, (lo fill the vacancy occasioned by the
removal of Ma jor Janr*s W. Armstrong from the bounds of
said Brigade) who is to be obeyed and respected accordingly.
ROBERT BLEDSOE, Brigadier-General,
3r-!0 First*Brigade, third Division, G. M.
Ac.
A Van Buren, United States’ Army.
Dyer Castor.
To the Cherokee Tribe of Indians East of the Mississippi |
River.
My Friends:—I have long viewed your condition with ;
gr at interest. For many years l have been acquainted with -
your people, and under all variety of circumstances, in peace j
and war. \onr fathers were well known tome, and there- |
gnrd which I cherished for them has caused nto to feel great
solicitude for your situation. To these feelings, growing
out of former recollections, have been added the sanction
of official doty, and the relation in which, by the constitu
tion and laws, I am placed towards you. Listen to me,
therefore, as your fathers have listened, while 1 communicate
to you my sentiments on the critical state of your affairs.
You are now placed in the midst of a white population.
Yonr peculiar customs, which regulated your intercourse
with one another, have been abrogated by the great politi
cal community among which you live; and you are now snh- j
ject to the same laws which govern the other citizens of
t»eorgia and Alabama. You are liable to prosecutions for )
offences, and to civil actions for a breach of any of your
•JUST ItKCKlYEI)
B UCK WHEAT UEOUlt, in half barrels,
Pickled PORK, Fulton Market BEEF,
Cask CHEESE, Scotch HERRINGS,
Pickled 8AL1IOY, Smoked BEEF*’.
GUNPOWDER, LOAF SUGAR,
Fresit PICKLES, STARCII, Turkish FIGS,
RAISINS. BEER, CIDER, Madeira WINE,
CRACKERS. ALMONDS, Spanish SEGAIiS,
New York FI.OUR. Irish POTATOES,
White COFFEE, New HAMS* And for sale hv
WILLIAM J. EUBANK & GO.
3Iilledgeville, April 6, 1835—It—3-4
among them of us -fui farm-'rs, me. banics, and ten.-hers, for ) hundred and fourteen thousand dollars commuted for their
the instruction of -he Indians, according to tin* treaty stipu
lations, and tiie regulations ol tiie government of the United
S.ates
Article 8 The Cherokee nation, having already mad
permanent a.inmi), atm their nr*senr school fund, already
nves.ed, shall no! be considered -i* any part of the above
«nm of four millions and fiv» hundred thousand- dollars, the
[fill! amount agreed to be paid by the Unfed Slates for all
40-21*
GEORGE M. LAVENDER.
DISSOLUTION.
I Trad of Coosa, Georgia, pebruori/ 11, 1835.
T SRK COPARTNERSHIP heretofore existing, at
(his plac?, under the firm of Ross At Lavender, is
contracts. Most of your people are uneducated, and are lia- I this day dissolved hy mutual consent. All persons having
hie to lie brought into collision at all times with their white | demands against said firm will please call on George M.
neighbors Your young men are acquiring habits of intoxi- : Lavender for payment, and all those owing said firm will
cation With strong passions, and without those habits of I also pay him. Iff',W18 ROSS,
restraint whieh our laws inculcate and render necessary,
thev are frequently driven toexeesses which must eventual-
lv terminate in their ruin. The game has disappeared n-
mong you, and you must depend upon agriculture and the
mechanie arts for support. And, yet, a large portion of your
people have acquired little or no property in the soil itself,
or in any article of personal property which can he useful
to them. How, under these circumstances, can you live
in the country von now occupy? Your condition must be
come worse ami worse, and you will ultimately disappear,
as so many tribes have done before you.
Of all this I warnpd your people, when I met them in
council eighteen years ago. I then advised them to sell out
iheir possessions east of the Mississippi and to remove to the ;
country WPst of that river. This advice 1 have continued to |
give vou at various times from that period down to the pre- j
sent day, and can vou now look hack and doubt the wisdom j
of this counsel? Had you then removed, you would liavd
gone with all the means necessary to establish yonrselves in
a fertile country, sufficiently extensive for your subsistence,
an.l hevond the reach of the moral evils which are hasten
ing your destruction.
FOR SALE OR TO RENT
9 The PROPERTY belonging to the late firm
of Wigiitman Az Neale, situated in the town of
Irwinton, Wilkinson county, consisting of a TA
VERN with the FURNITURE, OUT-IIOUSEH,
A;c. Also other DWELLING-IIOUSES, STORES
and STORE-HOUSES, with a general assortment of
GOODS. Also one two-horse pleasure CARRIAGE
witii HARNESS, &c. If application is made soon, in
quire of K. DICKINSON, Agent.
Irwinton. Wilkinson county, April 2, 1835.—*3t—40
TROUSOV I AN I NIT It IT ARY.
Bonks. Medicines, and Medical Practice.
A. CURTIS, Agent, keeps constantly, on G. street,
between Fourth and Fifth streets, (in the rear of
Mann S. Valentine’s store,) the genuine TIIOMSONI-
AN MEDICINES, FAMILY RIGHTS to the
, USE of THEM,and theBOOKSthat DE VELOPE
Instead of being a divided people as i the SYSTEM, lie accommodates and relieves the
von now are. armved into parties bitterly opposed to each j AFFLICTED, and gives to those who wish to become
other, you would have been a prosperous and a united com- j thoroughly acquainted with them, both theoretical
inunity. Your farms would have been opened and eultivat- j and practical instruction in tho system, in the NA-
e4, comfortable houses would have heen erected, the means j TUBE and USE of the REMEDIES, in Botany, Na-
of subsistence abundant, and you would have been guverti- | tural Philosophy and Chemistry; and free access to his Li
ed hv your own cust-mis and laws and removed from the j brary, which contains many of the best works on Anato-
effects-of a white population. Where you now are. you are my, Physiology, Mjrgery, and the theory and practice of
encompassed by evils, moral and physical, a:id these are j Medicine. A. C. will furnish every candid inquirer, with
fenrfully increasing. t llie most satisiHCtorv evidence that, for speed, "innocence
Look even at tie* experienerof tli®lnst few years. What j and efficacy in removing disease, anJ restoring n healthy
have vou gain**d hy adhering to the pernicious counsels j action to the system, these remedies, judiciously adtninister-
which have led vou to reject thp liberal offers made for yonr i ed, far surpass every thing else that has yet been discover-
removsl? They promised yoti an improvement in your con-I ed.”
dition. Bur instead of that,every year has brought increas- j Within the last two years, lie has scon the Thoinsonian
ing difficulties. How. then, can vou place confidence in j remedies used for cholera, uiarrhcca, dyspepsia, several spe-
the advice of men who are misleading you for their own | ejes of hmmorrhage, bilious fever, ague and fever, croup,
purposes, and whose assurances have proved, from the ex- j bilious pleurisy, scarlet fever, inflammation of the eyes,
perienre of every year, to ts* utterly unfounded? throat, bowels. Arc., palsy, fainting, vertigo, cramp,choiick,
I have no motive, my friends, to deceive you. lam sin- a-’.hma, nightmare, consumption, chronic thrush, dropsy,
cerely desirous to promote your welfare. Listen to tne, ; jaundice, suspended animation, and sundry other forms of
therefore, wliil n I tell you that you cannot remain where j disease, whose names lie will r.ot mention even in dead lun-
vou now are. Cirumstances that ennnot be controlled, and j guages.
which are hevond the reach of human laws, render it im
possible that you can flourish in the midst of a civilized
community. You have hut one remedy within your reach.
And that is, to remove to the west and join vonr countrymen,
who are already establish-d there. And the sooner you do
this, the sooner you will commence your career of improve
ment and prosperity.
A number of vour brethren, who have been delegated
by that portion of yonr people favorable (o emigration, have
repaired to this place, in the hope of being able to make some j A DMINISTR ATORS’ SA LE.—On Friday, the
arrangement, which would he acceptable to the government j Pm. 8th of May next, within the legal hours, will, ur the
of ihe United Metes, and which would me *t your npproha- j late residence of James Wales, deceased, in Fmanuel conn-
Tion. They do not claim the right of making any arrange- j ty, be sold all the personal property of said deceased, eon-
ment which would he binding upon you; lint have express- i sisling of horses, cattle, hogs, household and kitchen flimi-
He has nirer known them to do any harm, vor to fail, to
cure where they can be said to have had any thing like a
fair trial. 50' If seasonably and faithfully applied, they
will surely cure the Cholera.
He would advise those who desire a sure and sale mode
of preserving their health, or of restoring it when lost, lo call
at once and purchase a Right and Stock of Medicines.
Richmond, Virginia, March 25, 1835.
ly slated, that whatever they did would be utterly void un
less submitted to and approved hy you.
The whole subject has been taken into consideration, and
an arrangement has bt*en made, which ought to he, and I
trust, will he. entirely satisfactory to yon. The seriate of
the United States have given there opinion of the value of
your possessions And this value is insured to vou in the ar
rangement whieh has been prepared. Mr. John Ross, and
the party who were with him, expressed their determina
tion to accept, so far a* they were concerned, such a sum as
the senate might consider just, and promis' d to recommend
and support thesame in vour general council. Tho stipula
tions contained in this instrument ar*'designed to afford due
protection to nrivme rights, to make adequate provision for
the poorer class of vonr people, to provide for the removal
of all. and to lav the foundation of such social and political
establishments in your new country as will render yon a
happy and pros-perous people. Why. then, should any hon
est man among yon object to removal? The United States
have assigned to yon a fertile and extensive country, with*
verv fine elimate adapted to your habits, and with nil the oth
er natural advantages which you ought to desire or expect.
I shall, in the course of a short time, appoint commission
ers for the pnrpnseof meeting the whole tv sly of your peo
ple in counsel, They will explain to you, more fully, niv
views, and theuature of the stipulations which are offered
lo you
These stipulations provide:
1st. For an addition to the country already assigned to you
west of the Mississippi, and for the conveyance of Ihe
whol" of it, hy patent, in lee simple. And also for the
security of the necessary political rights, and for pre
venting white persons from tresspassing upon you.
2d. Fur the payment of the full value to each individual,
of his possession in Georgia, Alabama, North Carolina
nnd Tennessee.
3d. For the removal, at the expense of the United States,
of your » hole people; for their subsistence for a year af
ter their arrival in their new country, and for a gratui
ty of one hundred and fifty dollars to each person.
4th. For the usual supply of rifled, blankets, and kettles.
5th. For the investment of the sum of four hundred thou
sand dollars, in order to secure a permanent annuity.
6lh. For adequate po vision for schools, agricultural instru
ments, domestic animals, missionary establishments, the
support of orphans. &c.
7tlu For the payment of claims.
8th For granting pensions to such of yonr people as have
been disabled in the service of the United States.
These are the general provisions contained in the ar
rangement. But there are many other details favorahle to
you which I do not stop here to enumerate, as th**y will he
placed l>efore you in the arrangement itself. Their total
amount is four millions five hundred thousand dollars, which
added to the sum of five hundred thousand dollars, estimated
as the value of the additional land granted you. makes five
millions of dollars. A sura which if equally divided among
all your people east oi the Mississippi, estimating them at
ten thousand, whieh 1 lielteve is their full number, would
give five hundred dollars to every man, woman and child in
your nation. There are few separate communities whose j
property, if divided, would give lo the persons composing
them, such an amount. It is enough to establish you all in
the most comfortable manner; and it is to he observed, that,
besides this, there are thirteen millions of acres conveyed
tare, and plantation tools, together with many other articles
too tedious to mention. Sale to rontinue from day to day
until ail shall have heen sold. Terms of sale made known
•n the day of sale. March 30, 1835.
40
GREENVILLE SPENCE, > , ,
ELIJAH WALEA, \
A LL PERSONS* indebted to the estate of Jambs
Walea, late of Emanuel county, deceased, are re
quested to make immediate payment; and, those having de
mands against said estate, are requested to present them ac
cording to law. March 30, 1835.
GREENVILLE SPENCE,
40 ELIJAH WALEA,
admors.
vv
GEORGI Tattnall county.
7HEREAS, John Bowen, administrator of the estate
i of I/m Bowen, late of said county, deceased, ap
plies for letters of dismission from said estate.
These are, therefore, to cite and admonish all and singtdar
the kindred and creditors of said deceased to he and appear
at my office, within the time prescrilied, hy law, to show
cause, if any exist, why said letters should not he granted.
Given under my hand at office, this 2d March, 1835.
40 JOHN H. SMITH, c. c. o.
GEORGIA* Tattnall county.
W HEREAS, Alexander Smith, one of the executors of
the estate of Simon Smith, late of said ronnty, de
ceased, applies for letters of dismission from said estate,
These are, therefore, to cite and admonish all and singular
the kindred and creditors of stud deceased to he and appear
at my office, within the time prescribed bylaw, to show
cause, if any exist, why said letters should not be granted.
Given under my hand at office, this 2d March, 1835.
40 JOHN H. SMITH, c. c. o.
LIST OF LETTERS
VlEMAIMfiG in l!ie Post-Office at Forsyth, Monroe county,
■ fioorgia. on the 3ist day of March, 1835, which will he sent lo
the tieneral l'osl-Office as dead letters, if not taken out m three
months
A.—William G. Andreas.
B —Nathan II. Beall 4. William Burton, James Ballard, Turner
Bowden, William Bowden, Travis Bouden, John Bouden. Asa A.
Broun. Dick Brooks, Terrel Brooks, Mathew Burge, Benjamin
Breedlove, e'hcrwood Beckom. Solomon Beckom, Timothy Borum,
Mathew Brtmtierry, Thomas Bulloch.
C —Betsy L'ooly, Mathew Cahaniss, W. Conyers, Anthony Co-
7.art i, Adeline Chambers, Caiolino Caldwell, Drury M. Cox, "Wi!-
jiani M. Clayton.
D.—David D. Davis, G. Hu Davis, Eliza Dyson, Columbus W. Day,
James Dulivvoody.
F. —David Evans, Nancy Ensland. Gcoree H. Elliott.
F.—Allen G Famhroiuh i John Fail, Daniel Frasier.
U.—Willis Gammon, John Griffith, W. (ioruon, George W. Gor
din 2, John W. G. Gordon, lames II Gaines.
H.—William J. Howe, Sion Hendrick, Thomas Hollis. John flov. -
ard. John Hudliston, David Harrell, Natlian Hutcherson, Elizabeth
Hill
j—William Jonct, Benjamin Jones, Abraham Jordan, William
Johnson.
K.—James Kimbrough, John C. King, Henry Key -2, Heurv lum
ber.
L.—Robert T. Lrach, Louisa Leach 2, Elizabeth I.inkler, Oswell
Lauehley 3.
M.—Thomas M'Ginty, Ann Myers 3, Fdisha M‘Conl, Tabitba
Maddux, Green Martm, Jehu L.Martin, Amanda -oilier, Johns.
Mellon.
N —M. B. Nash.
O.—Chtilby <t White
p — ,-iirah S. Phickurd, William Powell 2, James Piiilqis, Robert
Patterson, Betsy Philips, John Pitman, James Pullaui
John Rowe, Alexander Ridie, A. A. Robinson,
D OOLY SHERIFF 8ALE.-On the first Turn-'
day in May next, will, within the legal hours, be aoid.
before the court-house dour in the town iff Drayton, Dooly
county,
Two hundred two and a half acres of land, being lot
number one hundred and twenty-one in the third district of
said county—levied on as the property of William Hender
son alias William Miles, to satisfy a fi fa in favor of L..C.
Musgroves, (Eli B. Cooper, bearer:) property pointed out
by said Eli B. Cooper: levied on and returned to me by a.
constable.
Lot of land number one hundred and fifty in theiftrith
district of said county—levied on as the rroperty of Hyrom
Jones, to satisfy a fi fa from a justice's court in Warren
county in lavor of Thomas Jones: pru|>erty pointed out by
Samuel Moore: levied un and returned to me by a consta
ble.
All that lot of land known as number one hundred and
twenty-two in the third district of said county—levied on
as the properly of Francis Floyd, to satisfy a fi fa in favor of
Harriet Taylor, administratrix on the the estate of E. Tay
lor, deceased: levied on auil returned to me hy a constable.
March 24, 1835 R. C. ZIPPERER. sheriff.
PRESENTMENTS
Of tht Grand Jury of DcKulb County, Georgia,
March Term, 1835.
\\J Ei the Grand Jury selected for said county, at the pre-
\ V sent term of the Superior Court, in compliance with
the duty assigned us. have appointed a committee toexamine
into tlie fiscal concerns of the county. That committee re
port: cash in the treasury amounting to 9616-91; notes con
sidered good, $2,598*23; also $98*84 in not is of a douhtful
character.
A lurlher insolvent list lias iieen presented by the tax col
lector to this body, for further allowance. The committee
rejiort, in addition to the former allowance, the sum of nine
dollars ten cents nine mills for the State tax; the sum of two
dollars twenty-seven cents seven mills for the county.
With regard to the establishment of a Court for the Cor
rection of Errors, this, jury heg leave to say. that their opi
nion perfectly accords with the charge ol his honor the judge
to this body, touching that subject. It is obvious to every
one who properly reflects upon the subject, that the written
laws are made l’or the prolertiou of the weak against the
the strong; the protection of the poor and friendless a-
gain^t the rich and powerful. In a despotism, tie*re are
l>ut lew and simple laws, and no independent judge. In
proportion to-the freedom which the people enjoy, the writ
ten laws by which they are governed become numerous
and intricate. The history of all ages proves this; but more
especially of that country from which we derive our com
mon law.
Ijows are useless that cannot lie enforced; still more dis
astrous is the condition of the people, whose laws are so ex
pounded that they cannot know when they may l»e held to
protect them, or w hen they may deprive them of life, liber
ty and property, while they* feel that a Inw which, in one
part of the State maintains their title to life, liberty and pro
perty, in another part of the State is held to destroy that
title. Nav, more, when they feel and see that the same
law is differently expounded in the same circuit hy succeed
ing judges. If this does not constitute a state of anarchy.
iil are ignorant of the meaning of the term: and yet this is’
the sad condition of the people of the Slate of Georgia. Our
lives, liberty and rights of property areal the disposal of one
man, who may be ignorant, who may he prejudiced, who
may be corrupt, who may be our deadly enemy, before
whom we must lie brought, and 1 tumid a helpless sacrifice,
without any hope or assurance of safety from n higher tribu
nal, such as St. Paul felt when he rried out, “I appeal unto
Ctesar.”
Then, as we would guard our liberties, as we would pro
tect our lives and the lives ofoitr posterity by a safe title, as
we would secure equal rights to al 1* ns we would desire to
sec and fee I that the constitution is a sanctuary into which
the weak, the poor and the friendless, may fly anti find safe
ly against the grasp of averice, the resentment of the strong,
and the blind torrent of delusion. We call upon our senat
or and representatives, in the next legislature, to vole for tin?
establishment of a court for the Correction of Error.
We congratulate our fellow citizens on the state of the
inorals in our county iri general, as evidenced hy the f»*w
eases of a criminal nature before us during lliis term of the
court.
In taking leave of his honor Judge Warner, we tender to
him our thanks for his friendly attention towards this body
during the present term; and we also present our thanks to
the Solicitor General Young J. Long, for his prompt and ac
tive attention in the discharge of his duties, and liis friendly
attention to our bodv as a grand jury.
JESSE F. CLEVELAND, Foreman
Jesse C. Farrar, Cleik,
James Lemon,
William Willis,
John Genius,
’fully Choice,
Robert Orr,
Jonathan B. W'tkon-
Jamcs Elliott,
Zachariah K. Jones,
Joint W. Fo.wler.
to the western Cherokees and yourselves hy former treaties, j jj.JJ R 0 hbiiuictt’.
a ltd which are destined for your and their permanent resi- i HiimJin S.ittdeis 2, Mr. S’anfoltl, Duncan Stewart, Frederick
dence. So that jour whole country, west of the Mississip- I R Stokes, Joseph Stephens, Wiley Burling, John »tan arffi
pi, will contain not less than thirteen millions eight hun- jJ-^Io^JehnlS! ElleXf ■ftyiOT^’wwi^slTtolie;
tired th uaand acres. WilliamTliomas.eDavid It Tinstey.TtmniosTurnhurn, JoelTarp
greatprogreis in civiliziiiun, anJ deeming n important that claims and dfcinatids against:!r- same, anti for the cescioa of
. The (Imice now is before you. May the Great Spirit
e ach you how to choose. The late of your women and
children, the fate of your people to the remotest generation,
de pend upon the issue. Deceive yourselves no longer, lb
nff cherish th? belief thin you can ever r:-sum ■ yonr former
iey a, Elizabeth Tunkeislcy 2, A. E. Tertll, Ezekiel Tackett,
V. —Jiunes Vinson.
W. — Aimer Wiiulifilv. K. W. Wviui, Thomas W oi, JobnWiuit-
ship. Frames M. A, WitUanw, James Wood, Jacob 4>. Wiutiky,
Ann G. \Yabii. April 7, ls^5.
*0 aLFlld brou&L Po.'. Master.
Levi Hoyle,
John Center,
Joseph Ifanrick,
Thomas Kennedy j
Jessy Clay,
Richard Thurmond,
Malcom M l Leod,
John Stedham,
John Morris,
Cary Spillers,
On motion of Young J. Long, Solicitor General, i* i# or
dered hy the court, that the within presentinels of the
grand jury, be published in the Federal Union, Standard of
the l 'nion. and Southern Recorder.
A true extract from the minutes of said court, March 30.
1835. C. MURPHEY, Clerk.
PRESENTMENTS
Of the Grand Jury of Walton County, Georgia,
February Term, 1835.
W E, the Grand Jurors for the county of Wnlton, hav
ing gone through the business of the present service,
deem it unnecessary to travel out of the ordinary course in
making up our presentments; and therefore confine our
selves to the affairs and interest of the county.
In the first place, we would congratulate our fellow-cftf-
zenS in not having any special cause of presentment to make
at this term of the court. We have only to regret the too
frequent neglect of the patrol laws; and would for the im
provement of the morals of that class of oar population sub
ject to (hose laws, earnestly recommend the due execution of
them by the proper authorities. This of itself Would have
a very salutary influence in checking the kind of trade,
which is so destructive of their morals, and thereby prevent
the assemblages oflarge numbers at the public retail places,
which they have been too frequently indnlged-
We have no special cause of complaint to notice in otir
roads and bridges. They are and will be undergoing snch
repairs and improvements as are necessary for the comfort
of the traveller and tlte safe conveyance of the carrier.
The clerk of the inferior conrt has furnished us with hia
account current of the receipts and disbursements of the
current year; and we find it to correspond with his vouch
ers, accompany ing. We have also examined the records of
the different offices, and find them regular and in good or
der. worthy the approbation of tliis body.
We would remark here, that we discover that it has not
been the practice heretofore qf those paying over monies to
the clerk of the inferior court or county treasurer to have
iheir receijits recorded in the office of the clerk of the supe
rior court; and in as much as there are no cheeks hy which
to detect errors in this [(articular, and as such a check might
lie necessary at some future day, we would recommend in
future that the cl**rk of the inferior court or county treasurer,
in granting certificates or receipts for monies received, that
lie direct the same to entered of record in the office of lire
clerk of the superior court iri a book to be kept for that pur-
pose.
In the examination of the estray-book, we find several de
faulting officers. In many rases however we learn thst tile
esirnyo tolled have died, been proven away and sold and
the amount of tiie sale exhausted in fees, Arc. notwithstand
ing we consider the return should be wade, and the duties of
the officers thus neglecting hy no means excused. The cleik
therefore is requested to give all such notice to this effect in
order that the estray-hook may be regularly brought up.
The tax-collector, John Hail, has exhibited his insolvent
list before us for 1833, and we allow hint the sum of forty-
three dollars sixty and a quarter cents; also the sum of ele
ven dollars ninety-four arid a quarter cents, error in assess
ing more than the correct amount of taxes to be collected
lor the same year.
We are pleased in furnishing an evidenc e io the tempe
rance cause, and the gradual improvement in the morals of
the people, from the book granting license to retailers of ar
dent spirits; from whieh it appears that the number are an
nually diminishing both in tow n and neighborhood.
In conclusion, we would desire his honor Judge Andrews
to accept our thanks for his impartial and faithful discharge
of his official duties during the present term, and which has
met the approbation of this tiody. W'e would likew ise ten
der our acknowledgments to the solicitor-general, Juuiit*
Hillyer, for his prompt and ready execution of the duties ol
his appointment.
W’e request these our presentments to lie published in the’
Journal and Federal Union, Miliedgeville.
EGBERT B. BEALL, Foreman.
Brinkley Boyce, Paul T. W illis,
James Shelnuft, ' Thonras Camp,
Jesse II. Arnold, Gresham Herre.n,
Samuel Williams,
Lewis S. Moon,
John S. Pool,
Edom Moon,
Joseph Moon,
Timothy Collins,
On motion, ordered. That the resentments of the Grand
Jury be published as requested.
A true extract from the minutes of the superior court.—
February Term, 1835.
40 JOHN P. LUCAS, cirri.
Bowling WhUlow,
Wm. H. Wilkinson,
Samuel Bryant,
Creed M. Jennings,
Jesse Mitchell.
CAE'riOH.
T%KY Wife, BLANC1IY UPTIAN, (originallyBlas-
ivM- chy Co.nly) having left my bed and board, on the
11th February last, without any just cause or provocation,
and probably gone to Gwinnett county, in whieh w® form
erly resided, every person is and all persons are hereby fore
warned against trusting her on my account, as I am deter
mined to pay none of her contracts; and notice is hereby
given that the law will be rigidly enforced against every
person harboring her or trading with her. New Ecbotjt,
Cass count v, Georgia, March 12, 1835.
•10-31 * NATHANIEL UPTUN.