Newspaper Page Text
men.
>F *
YOlitHS Vll-IUlWIilll 9.]
EDITED by
JOH^ A. CCTHBERT,
State-Printer,
,, v . IrtV , 9 ntibhshcd every Tuesday al THREE DOLLARS
The I MON >» '!!“ ;*! 1 ,, r K ,,f ,,ot paid before the end of
" initre is’ on Wayne street. opposite tlie atate Bank.
.nvV 'nSEMI'NTrf put m > I. c ■ 1 at the usual rates
"u l'.cn Citation by the Clerks of the Courts nf Ordinary that
rear-
aii Ain w u %
h -s b?en*inaile for letters of Administration, must ha
appiieation n- f .|.y ]>Vd at least.
j ot per
ute rentes bv Executors
and Administrators, must be advertised
AUI»1 icitions by ■
Cjurn f Ordinary for leave
MONTHS.'
) sell Land, must be published FOUR
A ppbca? ions by e '7 c V ,0 T 8 -?JmuntH3
aissory. must lie published MX_MoN I113.
and Administrators for Letters Dis-
of Mortcaees on real estate must
be advertised once a mo;
bales of Ileal F.s ale I'y.KweatoB
uns, must be publishc 1 *
Administrators and Guardi
DAYS before the day of sale.—
fro’n’iar tolhv s valid, imie-s so etpressed in the advertisement.
?iHersnf the Court of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy of
the bond or arreememftomake titles to land, must he advertised
T Sher!ffs'sales underTveeutions regularly granted by the courts,
m ,„t hea3vortisc.rniir.TY DAY.S-under morgage executions
MVTY PS Yd—Sales of Perishable Property under order of Court,
1 1 * . . it.. 'PP1C niVi! hofarntV
mV t be advertised -cncrallv, TEN DAYS before the day of sale,
ill orders for Advcrti-cine'iits will he punctually attended to.
r . A1 | Letters dire, ted to lids Office, or the Editor, must be
post paid, to entitle them to attention.
J ASPER SHERIFF’S 8AI.E.—On the first
Tuesday in September next, will, ivith'n tho legal
hours, be sold, before the court-house door, in the town ol
Montioello, Jasper county,
Tim interest of Thomas P. Dingier in and to lot of land
Dumber three hundred and eighteen, whereon Jeretniah Ro-
hinsnn now livps, in said county—levied on to satisfy two
small fi fas issti.nl from a jus.ire’s court, one in favor of
Miles Stephens and ihe other in favor of H. H. Doss: Ipvy
made and returned to me by a oonslnMe. July 19, 1836.
WILLIAM RAMEY, sheriff.
■ ONES SHERIFF’S SAI.E.—On the first Tues
•I
„ day in September next, will, within the legal hours,be
sold, before the court-houso door in the town of ('Union,
Jones county,
Lot of land number one hundred and sixty-two in the
eleventh district of originally Raid win, but now Jones
county, e.onlaining two hundred two and a half acres—lev
ied on hy virtue of five executions issued from a justice’s
court of tho four hundred and sixty-sixth distri. •, Georgia
militia, in favor of H. F. Williams vs. Seaborn W. Ellis:
lUllllia, III * a. a. . •• ........... .... ..
levy made and returned to me hy W. Massengnle, constable.
August 1, 1336. WILLIAM BARRON, sheriff.
fflVATTN.ALL SHERIFF’S SALE.—On tho
first Tuesday in September next, will, within the le
gal hours, he sold, before the court-house door in the town
of Ileidsvillp, Tattnall county,
One hundred anil ninety-five arres of swamp and pine
land, lying on the waters of the Alatnmaha, nnd adjoining
Allen Johnson nnd others, and six hundred and fifty n-
rres of pine land lying on the waters of Inman's creek and
adjoining Sharpe nnd Green, nil in said county, nnd one
sorrel horse, eight head of sheep, one pair of timher-ear-
riage wheels, two log-chains, one sideboard, one bureau,
one table, anil one sugar-boiler—levied on as the prnperty
of Elhanan M’Call, to satisfy a fi lit in favor of the atlmin-
istralor of Allen Johnson, deceased, and one in favor of the
Central Bank against said M’Call: property pointed out by
the defendant. July 13, 1836.
EDWARD KENNEDY. JEN. sheriff.
A CARD.
MRS. III SOX informs her friends, that she
!!!HB is again the owner of the EAGLE HOTEL,
in Mil ledge ville—this house was formerly kept by
herself, but more recently by Mr. M’Comhs. Her patrons
are assured, that nothing, on her part, shall be w nmingto
render them comfortable. February 3, 1835.-31
JACKSON HALL.
The subscriber returns his thanks to his friends
»* and the publie for past favors in his line of htisi-
IBli ness and hopes to merit nnd secure a continuance
of their patronage, hy strict and undeviating attention on
the part of himself and family to the w ants and comforts of
his guests. His Houses are very extensive and commodi
ous, with upwards of fifty fire-places. It is tcell known
that the best the country affords lie will have on histnble.
SAMUEL BUFFINGTON.
Milled" title, Go. September 26. 1835.-13
G-L021 HOTEL*
MILLED SEVILLE, GA.
rj^lIIE SUBSCRIBER respectfully Informs her friends,
nntl the ptihlie, that she has removed to that very con
venient stand and commodious ESTABLISHMENT,
formerly known ns the UNION HOTEL, and which
has been oeetipied fur some time by Mr. Aaron Srarcy—
This establishment, including tile out-buildings, w d be put
in a state of thorough repai. and the subscriber is well pre
pared to nccnmrr. slate HOARDERS, TRANSIENT
CUSTOMERS,and TR AVELLERS. Shesolicits
a share of public patronage, of which she will endeavor to
render herself and her establishment worthy, hy an ample
stock of the best supplies, and hy the most assiduous atten
tion to the wants and comforts of her customers.
January 8. 1S3G.—28 NANCY J. GODWIN.
MEDICAL NOTICE.
D R. WILLIAM G. LITTLE has removed to
Milledgeville. He will practice Medicine in the va
rious branches of the profession, in this and the adjoining
counties. January 22,1836.—30
N. B. Dr. J. B. GORM AN has left at my
office, his Notes and Accounts for collection: those in
debted will please call and make immediate payment.
March 4, 1830.-36 W. G. L.
H unky sin.mi i s —o>. m. „...i
Tuesday in September next, will, within the legal
hoars, be sold, before the court-house door in the town of
M'Donough, Henry county.
Loiof land number one hundred ami ninety-eight in the
seventh district of Henry county—levied on as the property
nf Harris Toney, to satisfy a fi fit from the superior court of
Henry county, in favor of the officers of the court vs. Har
ris Toney. July 22, 1836.
Also, at the some time and place, tlie following jms/ponrd sale.
The interest which Jamt s Henry lias in and toiotsof land
number one hundred and number one hundred and one, ly
ing in the twelfih district of Henry county, and one small
hav hers—levied on as the property of James Henry, to
satisfy a fi fa issued from the superior rourt of Henry coun
ty, in favor of Gilbert Gray vs. James Henry. July 22,
183!n WILLIS FULLILOVF,, deputy sheriff.
W*7 ASH INGTOX SHERIFF’S SALE.— On
If tlie first Tuesday in September next, will, within
tiie legal hours, hi- sold, before the court-house door in the
town of Samlersville, Washington county,
One acre lot in the town of Samlersville, with a gin house
thereon, adjoining Davis, one waggon anil six mules, one
bnv horse, one negro hoy named Henry, one quarter of an
acre lot in Samlersville, with the improvements thereon,
adjoining Worth -n, one hundred nnd twenty-six aeresof
land, adjoining Simmons and others, three yoke of oxen and
tiv<. carts—levied on a< the property of .Morgan Brown, to
satisfy a fi fa in fivor of 5>. A. jl. Jones and W. W. Cul
lens vs. Morgan Brown and sundry other fi fits vs. said
Brown: property pointed cut hy said Brown.
Four hundred acres of land more or less, adjoining Adams,
Brown anil others, on the waters uf Williamson swamp—
levied on as the property of Joshua Price, to satisfy a fi fa
in Isvur of James Adams vs. said Price.
One hundred and fifty aerps of pine land more or less,
adjoining Elisha Ulan and others—levied on »s the propertv
of Joseph Brsv, to satisfy a fi fa in favor of William Slade
v«.said Bray: levied on and returned to mehy a constable.
SlIERROD SESSIONS, deputy sheriff.
July 26, 1336.
Also, will he sold at the same time and place,
Ttvo hundred acres nf pine land, mure or less, adjoining
Parish and others—levied o:i ns the property of John Wads
worth, to satisfy a fi fa in favor of William Slade vs. said
Wadsworth and John Cone.
Four hundred acres of pine land, more or less, adjoining
Ely and others—levied on as the property of John Cordery,
to satisfy sun Irv fi fas issued from n justices’ court in favor
of John B. Williams vs. John Cordery. Jonathan Cordery
and John 11. Newton indorser: property pointed out by
Humor M. Lawrence: levied on and returned to me hy a
constable. July 26, 1836.
JAMES BOATRIGHT, sheriff.
MEDICAL SCHOOL OF FEORA.
D R. B. It. THOMAS has removed from Dr. L.
Durham's, in Clark county, to the rity of Columbus,
where he will prepare, in the best manner, at his office,
on Oglethorpe street, VEGETABLE MEDICINE,
for the cure of ALL LINGERING and CHRONIC
DISEASES. Those persons afflicted, ami desiring the
good results uf Flora's remedies, will send the symptoms
of their disease in writing.
CANCERS, FITS and ALL KINDS of UL
CERS will ho undertaken, (no cure, no pay,) hy the pa
tient hoarding in or pear Columbus.
N. B. All letters directed to him, to receive attention,
must he post-paid. June 10, 1836.
51—I3t B.U. THOMAS.
<l?r> 5? @ Xt> £ 9
DRUGGISTS,
MACON, GA.
T IIE SUBSCRIBERS (firmer partners of Ellis,
Shotxvell. A Co.) have resumed their business
under the above firm, at their old stand opposite the Brick
Tavern, nnd will keep a general assortment uf Drugs;. Me
dicines, Surgical and Medical Imtrumcnls, Paints and Oils,
of all kinds, Window Glass, assorted sizes. Glass Ware for
shop furniture. Perfumery, Fancy Articles, Brushes of
every description. Botanic and Patent Medicines, Car
penter’s preparation, also his Essays on Materia Medica.—
Dye woods and Dye stuffs, and a great variety nf miscellane
ous Articles, of which they have received a large supply, and
intend keeping their stork constantly replenished, so ns to
he able at all times to supply Dealers, Physicians, Planters
and others, who may favor them with their custom.
Intending to be permanently engaged in this business, the
subscribers, from their long experience, hope to render it
worthy the patronage of old and new customers. Orders
by letter will meet the same attention ns if made in person.
HENRY SUOTWELL,
JACOB SUOTWELL.
N. B. G ARDEN SEEDS, assorted, warrantedJresh.
A liberal discount made to country dealers.
February 27, 133G.-eowtf-36 II. At J. S.
EIISSOIaFTSON.
T IIE copartnership heretofore existing under the firm
uf DUFFEE k SIMMONS,at Mann’s old stand.
Craw ford county, was dissolved on the J‘Jth of July, 1836,
hy mutual consent, Thomas Duffee selling out Ins inter
est in the firm, and also the hooks to Hitauniieos Fcarin.
For the future the business will he conducted under the firm
of R. FEAGIN k A. G. SIMMONS. July 19,
1836. THOMAS DUFFEE.
All those Imving demands against the fotmer
firm, will, for the future, present them to the present firm.
RICHARDSON FEAGIN,
3t*-7 A. G. SIMMONS.
FIKBx-I’KOOF WAREHOISE:
Commission Business,
• TOVALIj, SIMMONS k CO. tendir their sin-
IOTICE.
7BMJE subscriber has left his NOTES ami Acconnts
1 with F. V. DEL AUNAY, E-q. for collection.
All those indebted to him are requested to call and make
immediate payment. Milledgeville. July 28, 1836.
4t-6 T. J. SH1NHOLSER.
CERE OF DROPSY.
D RS. FALL <V ELLIOTT keep constantly on hand,
with M. E. ED WARDS of Milledgeville, n sup
ply of their valuable M ‘(Heine for the cure of Dropsy.
May 26, 1836.—Jm-48
FOR SALE
£jUiPII Vril QUININE, by tho dozen ounces;
IIOWAND’S TONIC MIXTU RE;
NW AIM’S PANACEA;
HILI/S H ALS AM OF HONEY;
DR. KOBBEUT’S WELCH MEDICAMEN-
Tt’M. For sule, in Milledgeville. at the store of
May 19 -16-17 GEORGE ROOT & SON.
IT®*?
AN»COllMIISSION BCSBNESS.
T HE subscriber bavins taken that extensive Fire Proof
Ware House on M’lnlosn-street, known heretofore
** Heard & Cook’s, nnd recently oeetipied by Mr. R. Ma
lone, offers his service’* to th** Planters and Merchants in the
np country, in A GENERAL COMMISSION BU
SINESS. He will bo prepared by ihe 1st of September
to attend to any business lie may be favored with anil solicits
from his friends and the public, their patronage. His busi
es will he exclusively a Commission one, intending no in
terest whatever in the purchase of cotton.
THOMAS DAWSON.
Auguste, August J2, J33G.-6t-3
7
cere thanLs to thr ir friends and the public, for the lib
eral Patronaso conferred on them, in their WARE
HOUSE AND COMMISSION BUSINESS, for
year* past, and respectfully renew the oiler of their servi
ces, promising their continued efforts, for th** promotion of
the interests of their patrons. They arc prepared to afford
the usual advances on COTTON, Are. consigned to their
Liigusta, Augusts, 183G.-9t-^12i-7
care, :i
s heretofore. An
ROCKWELL & RENAN,
attorneys at law,
AtfEII.'LEDGEini.I.E, GEORGIA,
f jf, AVING united their PROFESSION AL INTE-
lli- RESTS, will attend to luisitress entrusted to them
in the Counties of the Ocinulg^e Circuit, in the County of
Hancock of Ihe Northern, Washington of the Middle,
Til iggs and Laurens of the Southern, and Houston, Bibb
and Monroe of the Flint Circuit.: also in the Federal Court.
Their office is on tho second flour of the Masonic Hall.—
July 19, 1836. SAMUEL ROCKWELL,
5 M.J. KENAN.
CRAYT3IG ANI) BASK AGESCY
T HE undersigned will attend to the renewal of NOTES
in ihe CENTRAL BANK,and paasing.Grants
through the several offices for ON E DOLL A R Ellen
HAMILTON B. GAITHER.
Milledgeville, January 22, 1836.—30
FIRE-PROOF WAREHOUSE.
T HE subscriber, f-eling under strong obligations to his
friends, fur the patronage given him since he has been
in the Warehouse and Commission Business, nnd being de
termined to continue the same, takes this method of soli
citing a continuance of their rustnm am! friendship. His
WAREHOUSE and CLOSE STOKES are entire-
Ittoxl
ly FIRE-PROOF. He is piopared toR’xteml to h
friends the usual facilities in the way of Advances, or fill
ing orders for Goods, <fec. Striet attention will he paid to
receiving anil forwarding Goods for country dealers, ami to
flic sale of Produce or Merchandise entrusted to his rare.
BENJAMIN BAIRD.
Augusta, Go. July 1, 1836.-131-2
AUGUSTUS REESE,
attorney at law.
f WAVING located him--elf in MADISON, Morgan
t» County, Ga. offers to practice j„ t|,„ following
counties, to wii: Clark, Green, Jasper, Jones, Morgan, New
ton, Putnam and Walton. July 9, 1836.-4t-6
. The.-Slate Rights" Sentinel and Feitend Fnlon. v.-m p „hii,h
-he ahovy seni-n^nnthly fortivo months, and forward their ac-
yoiints tc the Southern Whig, Athens, for payment.
ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS’
I jl SCAPED from the Penitentiary on SAT U R D A V,
J the 3t)ih ult., a convict by the nmpe of GEORGE
Chandler , eighteen yenrs of age, five feet eight nnd
a xalf inches in height, fair complexion, light hair, and blue
"9't*. his Ircnl teeth very uneven and project forward very
ninctl: he wia convicted of simple Inrreny {negro stearin")
®Ulir last January term of the superior i-ourl of Chatham
count,. \ r ,. u: r q n f one hundred dollars will he paid for
afy^chriisum nnd delivery nt tine institution, cr confine-
“ ?m i* 1 any safe jail in the Stale.
JOHN MILLER,
n Principal-Keeper Penitentiary, ad interim.
* rnitentiary, August 13, 183G.-3l-S
• ", the Augusta Constitutionalist, SavannahCcorgianandCo-
■umuus sentinel will give tho nhovp throe insertions.
MERCHANTS and mechanics,
O looe at this:
’ aO'h day of September next, will be gold, ' n
Tn\vv. , TLLE,
Liwndes county, a nttmher °f
-LOTS, Troupville is beautifully situated on
on Ljttle River and within a few hundred yards
J me junction of this stream wjlh the Withlacoochy River,
nicli itreatn, vy e have qo doubt, ijjav hemadcnavigahlc
Tdn*„ lef ^i S,!m - expense. We think the salubrity of the
}L,. ' nr " nav '?ation of this stream, together with n fine
^ - ro ? ,lt n r Mirroundtng the plage, arc sufficient induco-
e mvUe llle of inerchaids and other profes-
characters to view the place.
™—° t ne half w ithin six months
end „e ... :r.7 —• Uiomiis—the other, at the
„\| . eye tuor,ths. Notes, with approved security,
wiff be required. July 2, 1836. 3
STRICKLAND,3
i^OimSDN. Cammts-
■cp anTfTK./s.z- n 4.xf Jf:
AND CHEROKEE LAID AGENCY.
fHlHE undersigned offers his services to the pnhlic as an
B. Agent for the transaction of business in the. Central
Bank, nml in selling Cherokee 1,anils. His fees will
he for Agency in discounting or renewing each Note in Bank
onp dollar; fi’ir effecting sales uf Land, five dollars per tract
under one hundred dollars, and five per cent, for all above
that sum. His late residence in the Cherokee country ami
present station in the Surveyor General's Office, pccuharly
adapt him for this agency.
All oninmuniraiions must romr post-paid, or they will
not he taken from the post-office. Milledgeville, April 26,
1836.-44 JOHN BREWSTER.
CENTRAI. BANK OF GEORGIA,
MILLEDGE ville.
T HE undersigned nffieers of this Bank will hereafter at
tend In the RENEAVAI. of nil NOTES that may
be entrusted to their care, for the customary fee ol ONE
DOLLAR for each renewal. Letters enclosing Note
and Money lor the renewal of notes, post-paid, directed to
die “Officers of the Central Bank nf Georgia,” or any ono
of them, will f e promptly attended to. The old Note, No
tice nnd blank Note, will, in nil cases, be forwarded by the
earliest mail. August 19, 1835.
C. C. MILLS, Cashier,
W. J. DAVIS, Teller,
L. D. BUCKNER, Discount Clerk,
8 B. II. REYNOLDS, Book-Keeper.
AGENCY.
T HE undersigned will ntlend to the renewal of Notes
in the Central Bank, at the usual fee of One Dollar
for each renewal. They will nh o pass through the several
offices and forward grants at one dollar for a single grant,
anil fifty cents each where more than one is requested
Communications addressed to them jointly or separately.
(post-paid) will be punctually attended ^to. ^ p \RK
Milledgeville, April 25, 1836.-14 l'ETER FAIR.
BOT\^lC
DR. S. THOMSON’S RIGHTS
FOR USING THEM,
For Sale by
WILLIAM S. ROGERS.
yiillcdgerillr^ da. February 12, 1836.
He jyir. rcreiye subscriptions for the BOTANIC
SENTINEL, vrinied at Philadelphia,and the THOM-
SON IAN RECORDER, published at Columbus,
Ohio. Specimens of each may be seen by applying in per
son to him.
%* All letters directed to him must, to receive atten
tion, be post-paid.
MILLEBGMILLE, (G\.) UGUST 2%
[WHOLE Ml.
POETRY.
From the National Gazelle.
THE SONG OF TIIE PRAIRIE.
Oh fly tj the Prairie, sweet maiden, with me,
As green and ns wide and as wild as the sea.
Its boson of velvet the summer-winds ride,
And ran, grass is waving in billowy pride.
The city ’« a prison, too narrow for thee;
Away to the Prairie, so boundless and free!
AV here s ght is not checked, till the prairie and skies,
In harmuiy blending, commingle their dyes.
The fawns, in the meadow-fields, fearlessly play;
Away to the chase, lovely maiden, away!
Bound, bound to thy courser; the bison is near;
And list !o the tramp of the light-footed deer.
Let England exult in her dogs and her chase;
Oh! what’s a king's park to this limitless space;
No fences to leap, nnd no thickets to turn,
No owner to injure, no furrow to spurn.
Bnl softly as thine on the carpeted hall.
Is heard the light foot of the courser to fall;
Anil c!os»-ma!ted grass nn impression receives,
As ironl.ss hoofs hound aloft from the leaves.
Oh flv to the Prairie: the eagle is nigh;
I!r g race fully wheels in the cloud speckled sky,
And tim.dlv hiding her deliente vonng,
The prairie-hen hushes her beautiful song.
Oh fly to the Prairie, sweet maiden, with me;
The vine and the prairie-rose cluster for thee;
And hailing the monn in the prairie prop! sky,
The mocking-bird echoes the katy-did’s cry.
I/'t Mexicans boast of their herds and their steals,
The hold prairie-hunter no shephuj-il hoy needs; ’
The 1 iions, like clouds, overshadow the place.
And the wild, spotted coursers invite to the chase.
Theoitizen picks at his turtle and fowls.
And stomaehlcss over his fricassee gr.vvls.
We track the wild turkey; the rifle supplies
The food for tho hoard, anti the stomach to prize.
The farmer may vaunt of his grass and his grain,
He sows them in labor, and reaps them in pain; ’
But here the deep soil no exertion requires.
Enriched hy the ashes and cleared hy the fires.
Then fly to the Prairie in wonder, and gaze.
As sweeps o’er the grass, the magnificent Maze;
The world cannot boast so romantic a sight '
A continent flaming, ’mid oceans of light. *
The woodsman delights in his trees nnd his shade;
But see! there’s no sun nn Ihe cheek of his maid;’
His flowers nre faded, his blossoms are pale, *
And mildew is riding his vapory gale.
Then fly to the Prairie; no hush to obscure,
Nn marsh to exhale, and nn ague to cure!
Translucent nnd fresh, comes the grass-scented breeze.
Unchilled hy she mountain, unbroken hy trees. ’
Sublime, from the north, be descends in his w.ath,
And scatters the reeds in his snnw-cnvered path, ’
Or, loaded with incense, steals in from Ihe west,
As bees, from the prairie-rose, fly to the nest.
Go, flv to the Prairie, for freedom is there;
Love lights not that home with the torch ofdespair,
No wretch to entreat, and no lord to deny.
No gossip to slander, no neighbor to pry.
But struggling not there, (he heart’s impulse to hide.
Love leaps, like the fount from the crystal-ruck’s side,
And, strong as its adamant, pure ns its spring.
Waves wildly, in sunbeams, his rose-colored wing.
Philadelphia.
DEFERRED ARTICEES.
The Usual Arts.— A very important law, in relation to
patents and the useful arts, was passed during the last ses
sion of congress. We annex one of the principal sections.
Section 6. And he it further enacted. That any person
rr persons having dhirovered or invented any new and use
ful art, machine, manufacture or composition of matter, or
any new and useful imorovem-nt, or any art, machine,
manufacture, or composit ion of matter, not known or used
hy others before his or their discovery or invention thereof,
nnd not, at the time nf his application for a patent, in public
use or on sale, with his consent or allowance, as Ihe inven-
ter or discoverer; and shall desire to obtain an exclusive
property therein, may make application in writing to the
commissioner of patents, expressing such desire, and the
commissioner, on due proceeding had. mav grant a patent
thereof. But before any inventor shall receive a patent for
any such new invention ordiscovery, heshall deliver a writ
ten description of his in- ention or discovery, nnd of the
manner and process of making, constructing, using, and
compounding the same, in such lull, clear, nnd exact terms,
iding unnecessary proiihty, ns to enable any person skill
ed in the nit or science, to which it appertains, or with
which it is most nearly connected, to make, construct, com
pound and use the same; and in case of any machine, he
stiall fully explain the principle arid the several males in
which he has contemplated the application of that principle
or character hy which it may lie distinguished from other
inventions; nnd shall particularly specify and point out the
part, improvement, or combination which he claims as his
own invention ordiscovery. Heshall,furthermore,nrertm-
pany the whole with a drawing or drawings, or written re
ferences, where tho nature of the case admits uf drawings,
orwilli specimens of ingredients, and of the composition of
mattpr, sufficient in quantity for the purpose of experiment
where ihe invention or discovery isof a composition of mat
ter, which descriptions nnd drawings, signed hy the inven
tor and attested hy two witnesses, shall be filed in the pa
tent office; anil he shall moreover furnish n model of his in
vention, in all cases w Inch admit of a representation hy mo
del of a convenient size to exhibit advantageously its sever
al parts. The applicant slmll also make oath or affirmation
that he docs verily believe that he is the original and first in
ventor or discoverer of the art, machine, composition, or im
provement, for which he solicits a patent, and that he does
not know or believe that the same was ever before known or
used, nnd also of w hat county he is a citizen; which oath or
affirmative may be made before auv person authorized by
law 11 administer ohiIis,
GEORGIA AND CAROLINA ALMANAC,
For the Year
T HIS ALMANAC ivfff.be toady lor delivery on tho
1st of October next. I’ersons wishing to contract
for nny quantity, will be pleased to make rnUy application,
by letter or otherwise, to the editors of the Constitutionalist.
The astronomies! rnirtdaliuus have been made by Mr.
Thomas I*. Asiimore, of Lineo’n County, Georgia. That
(bis gentleman lias ably and perfectly fulfilled the task he
undertook to perform, we are well assured; that those who
intend to patronize a native Georgian, in his first effort in
this branch of srienr, will not be disappointed, we are also
well assured. We would wish that we could speak as con
fidently of the miscellaneous parts of the Almanac, ns we
do of I be astronomical calculations, arid which will be un
der the immediate control of the publishers.
Time of high water at Savannah is included in the cal
culations.
Office Constitutionalist, Augusta, Ga. July 19, IS36.-5
BEANKS
FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.
Constantinople, May 11—A m-'lancludy event nnd one
which ntay produce very serious consequences, has thrown
onr capital, usually so quiet into a great excitement. A Mr.
Churchill, an English merchant, was amusing himself with
shooting in tiie neighborhood oflhe city, when, iinfiirtiinale-
lv, some shot from his gun, struck the leg of a Turkish child,
who immediately began to make the most dreadfni outcry.
The father of Ihe wounded boy, and some of his friends,
drawn hy his shrieks, seized on Mr. Churchill and dragged
him before the Cadi, who on his own private authority,
caus's! the bastinado on the soles of the feet, to he adminis
tered to him. This punishment is gen-rally reserved for
slaves, or delinquent Greeks. Al the close of this first au
dience of Turkish justice, so cruelly severe, Mr.Churchill
was borne, rather than led, before the Reis Effendi, anil
then, byaformal order of the Sultan,to whom the matter
had been referred, he was loaded with irons and thrown
into prison, in company with the most infamous criminals.
The English ambassador, on learning what had passed,
hastened to demand the immediate liberation of Mr. Cliurrh-
ill, which was refusal. The minister at the same time signifi
ed to the Turkish minister, that if in twenty.fair hours he
did not receive satisfaction, he would break off all rommu-
nioation with the Turkish government. It rannot before-
told hoiv this affair may terminate. Ilia sufficient, if ii be
not amicably settled, to overturn suddenly the hopes which
have recently been formed, of the continuance of the tran
quility of Europe.
A later French paper gives some further details from their
Constantinople correspondent, res veting this affair, and
adds from 'he London rimes the following paragraph;
“Lord Ponsonby, in his last official note addressed to the
Porte, nn answer to which was looked for with much anxie
ty, demands that some person should be indicated with
i\hom he can confer on business relative to English subjects,
ns he is not willing to have any further communication with
the minister on foreign affairs.”
A letter of later date states that Mr. Churchill has been
set at liberty.
force of the whites, to involve his otvn or any other nation
in war with them.”
FROM THE FRONTIER.
Dragoon Head-Quarters, Camp Denton, )
Near Fort Tuwson, on Red River, June 2G. $
Agreeably to orders from general Gaines, tho three com
panies of Dragoous, and six comoanies of the seventh in
fantry, left Fort Gibson on the 8th May, and after a rough
and tedious march of nine days, ;a distance of one hundred
and ninety miles) we enrampod near Red river, on the 17th
last month, where we have been ever sinee, waiting fur fur
ther ori' >rs from the commanding general.
Our destination will lie the t>abine river to join general
Gaines’ command now encamped there, and we nre only
waiting for ail express to return from Fort Gibson, whirh
passed by this post to general Arbnckle, to take up our march
to the south-west. There is a Spaniard here just from ge
neral Gaines’ army, sent up by him to pilot us on our march;
he confirms all the good news relative to Texas. lie saw
some of the prisoners that were taken with Santa Anna,
and speaks of the prospects of the Texians as being bril
liant.
Now that Santa Anna is a prisoner, I think there will be
but little to fear from the Cnmanche arid oilier Indians, es
he was ilie only leader likely to induce the wild tribes on
t lie Grand Prairie to raise the war whoop against the United
Stat-s.
'i he Caddoes nre a very fierce and savage Tribe, they ap
pear to he ready fir war, if they had a proper leader; this
Spaniard told me they h.«d committed kouib depredations on
Ihe Americans.
We will haven long and tedious march should wo goon
to Fort Jesup, three hundred miles off, large rivers to ford,
and a low, marshy country to go through.
Ths Mexicans claim ail the country as far this way as
Red river, we claim all ns far south west as the Sabine river.
We nre in cimp in the heart of the Choctaw nation. I
think they have the finest country of any of the tribes 1
have yet visited—they are generally civilized, nnd Christiani
ty has been in a measure instilled in mnny of their families.
1 have frequently seen the bible in their bouses printed in
the Choctaw and English language.
Every one here is rejoiced to see that Fort Gibson is to
be broke up—it was indeed a graveyard for our soldiers.—
i expect we w ill take up our winter quarters there, and com
mence the new fi»rt in the spring.
P. S. Should general Arhuckle order us hack to Fort
Gibson, the commanding officer of our squadron intends
inarching us across the Grand Prairie through the Buffalo
range, and pay a visit to the wild tribes in that quarter.
Extract of a letter from the Secretary of Bar, to Major
General Gaines, da!' d
War Department. July 11, 1836.
“I have received and submitted to the president your let
ter of Jur,e7lh, together with tho report made to you by cap
tain Deane.
“1 am apprehensive from the tenor of this report, as well
nsfrom your observations, that the frontier has much to
fear from the hostilities of the Indian tribes living in Texas.
On this snbjeet it is proper to call your ntteiilion to the in
structions previously issued to you. nml to say to you that if
the conduct of the Indians in Texas threatens the frontier
whose defence is entrusted to you, and you consider it ne
cessary, with a view to its protection, to advance as far as
Nacogdoches, you will do so without hesitation. If the nu-
thoritiesof that country cannot pievent bodies of savages
from approaching our frontier in arms, the necessary pre
cautionary measures must be taken by you. This is the
view of the president,”
War Department, May 11, 1836.
Sir—The president is very solicitous that you should
act cautiously in carrying intoeffo-t your instructions, nnd
do nothing whichcan coinpromit ike neutral relations of the
United Slates. Yonr great objects, as I have before stated,
are, to defend our frontier and tofulfil the neutral obliga
tions of the government. If tin? I id inns nre not employed
immediately upon the border, then w ill ’neno need of your
advancing be>ond the territory in the actual occupation of
the United States, unless armed patties should approach our
frontier so near as manifestly to stow that they mean to vi
olate our territory. Such a state uf things is scarcely to hg
anticipated from either of lliecontmding parties in Texas.—
But it is otherwise with the Indians. In the excitement of
war they will not be restrainal hy boundary lines, but will
seek scalps whera* - :r they can find them. Thu whole hislo-
ly of the employment of Indians, in the contests lietween
civilized communities, proves thisfart. It was principally
with a view therefore to this stateof things, that you were
authorized ’o cross the line dividing the country actuality in
the occupation of the United States, frum that heretofore in
the possession of Mexico, il such s measure be necessary
for the defence of the frontier. Bix I must impress upon
you the desire of the president that you do not advance un
less circumstances distinctly show this step is necessary for
the protection of the district of onr country adjoining the
scene of operations in Texas. Anti should you find it ne
cessary to advance, you will not fail to communicate to any
armed parties in the country your orders and objects. But
you will, under no circumstances, co-operate with any of
them or suffer any of them to join you, nor interfere in any
manner with any military operations in Texas, except such
as maybe necessary for self defence.
Should you puss beyond the above mentioned boundary
line, you will return as soon us tiie safety of the frontier will
permit.
Very reepecttully, your most obedient servant,
LEWIS CASS.
Major General Edmund P. Gaines,
Fort Jesup, 1Louisiana.
The Crop.—The Cincinnatti Post of the 25th ultimo, says,
that “The wheal is a full average erop.and the quality ex
cellent. Of oats the crop is abundant beyond precedent—
rye light—hay a very heavy crop, and well got in—corn,
hemp and tobacco, never more promising. The former in
Tennessee, was in Ihe silk three weeks ago, and the crop
consideral ns secured. Extensive peach orchards, but no
fruit. Apples plenty.”
The Baltimore American states, that “The Maryland
wheat crops has failed as generally and absolutely as that
of Virginia, anti that the sound advice given to tiie people
of the latter State (hy a late correspondent in the Enquirer)
in this exigency, may he addressed with equal propriety to
our fellow-citizens of Maryland ”
We scarcely feel ourselves authorized to quote any price
fir wheat, (fur millers nre doing out little in their line.—
We millers.and, that one dollar and fifty cents was refused
to he given here f»r a mixed crop of about two thousand
five hundred bushels, (some good, some bad)—and that il
has been since sold in Petersburg at this price.”
We hog leave to add, that a late letter from Petersburg
clears up the contradiction which has lately appeared, about
the two dollars being offered for wheat there. It turns out,
that a citizen of that town offered the two dollars fora
choice lot of white wheat, for the purpose of distributing it
as seed wheat. 1 ’ The price was afterwards mentioned, w ith
out these qualifying circumstances, in the presence of a
respectable gentleman, from whom our informant derived
his statement—ami henre the general impression which they
took up on the subject.—Richmond Enquirer, blh ult.
Spain.—Tho Gibraltar Chronicle of the 21st June, says.
The bloody character of the contest now going on in Spain
is appalling. The Jornhadu, a half literary, half political
journal of Madrid, states, that sitire the commencement of
the war in 1833, to the 1st of April, 1836, there have been
killed on Ihe field of hallle 280,535 Carlists, and 54,493 taken
prisoners. During this period, it says, there have been five
hundred and forty six battles, in which the Carlists have
been three hundred and three times completely routed, and
two hundred and forty-three limps partially defental. The
Qii 'cn’anrmy had been defeated eighty times, in which it
has hatl 157,8*4 killed, 39,618 taken prisoners, and lost
41,722 deserters.
The Liberal is decidedly of opinion that the circumstance
of France being a party to the quadruple alliance, has
proved highly injurious to Spain, if the latter had not reli
ed upon the Carlists being prevented from receiving
through the frontier of Ihe firmer, those supplies which
havecnabb d them to organize themselves anil acquire their
present strength, she would have adopted other measures lt»
prevent it herself; anti the consequence would have been
that,deprived of the abundant meansso scandalously intro
duced ini
rough France, they would have lost all confidence,
and their tnmihitlatiun eff cted months ago.
Alarming innovation in the house of lords.—Mr, Sergeant
Wilde finding the full-bottomed w ig in which their lord-
ships nre addressal by the law officers of theerown, exces
sively inconvenient, ventured It. ask permission of the house
to use (lie little bob-w ig usually worn hy himself at the bar.
The hereditary legislature were thunderstruck at the temer
ity of the request. The conservative lords were tumble In
repress their indignation. They regartlal the profstsal ns a
hnse and insidious invasion of the tights of the established
church, and hitrerly deplored Ihe infatuation of those who
did not see in this during innovation the npproaching down
fall of the altar and the throne. Aft-r a highly irritating
and turbulent debate, a compromise was at last effected, and
the constitution was rescued from destruction, by granting
Mr. Sergeant Wilde permission to wear a moderate sized
but resp ctable peruke, a sort of arithmetical mean between
a big wig and a scratch.
From the Washington Globe.
Black Hawk.—Extract of a letter from lieutenant B. S
Roberts, 1st regiment of tlragisms, commanding at Fort Des
Moines, to the Secretary of War, dated I4tli July, 1836.
“I see hy reports in Ihe eastern papers that a letter has
been received at the War Department stating that Black
Hawk has again become hostile, nnd has circulated the
wampum belt amongst the western Indians, and consider il
my duty to inform the department that tho report is with
out the slightest foundation. Black II twk and his family
are at this time in their lodge within two hundred yards of
ray quarters, and have been, for the last year, encamped
within five miles nf this post. He has only been absent.
durinjf this time, five or six works, on th’ Des Moines river,
near Keukocks town, raising corn. The old man is be
coming very infirm, and should he be disposal, noold {not
he able to carry on another war against the whitca. Hr,
however, is perfectly cxntquereJ, and kj»«« to well the
We copy the following from the Hartford Times. The
excitement, it will be perceived is altogether with us here.
They have no presidential intrigue on foot that requires it
to he credited:
Abolition.—YY’e understand that the legislature passed
two resolutions near the dose of the session, one declaring
that congress hits no right to interfere wi’h the question of
slavery in the different States; and another against the right
or expediency of interfering in the District of Columbia.—
The first of these resolutions passed unanimously, anti the
second, though opposed hy Mr. Rockwell, a whig member
from Norwich, passed hy an overwhelming vote. This ex
citing question (as it is called) of abolition, creates no excite
ment o! Deling here, and there is no interest felt upon it.—
J’ho Wiiigs tvero compelled to play their part for pdilicnl
effect abroad, hut there are no abolitionists among us.”
Abolitionism in Cincinnatti.'—James (5. Birney has estab
lished an abolition paper al Cincinnatti, which has given
great offence loiter citizens. The excitement became so
great, that a handbill was postal up in every part of the
city, to warn the incendiaries to desist. It concluded hy
stating, that ‘ every kind of expostulation and remonstrance
has been resorted to in vain; longer patience would bo crim
inal. The plan is matured to eradicate an evil which every
citizen lee’s is undermining his business and property.”—
On the evening of the 12th -Inly, Birney'a press xvas de
stroyed—hut the fanatic was determined to persevere. 'I he
public seniuneut, however, waxed the stronger; and on the
evening of the 23d ult., “one of the largest, must orderly
and unanimous assemblages ever seen in Cincinnatti” was
belli. Out of that large multitude hut one voice went forth,
YV'm. Barite took the chair, Morgan Neville, vice president,
Timothy YVnlker, secretary. The resolutions were of the
most derided character—among others, were ihe following.-
“Resolved, That the spirit exhibited by tho iinm diiue
supporters of the abolition press in this city, is entirely at
variance with the feelings and opinions of the great mass of
our population, is as unjust to our sister Stales, as il is pre
judicial to our own quiet nnd prosperity.
Resolved, That the establishment of the said abolition
press in this city is a direct violation of the solemn pledg
lie
Heretofore given by its conductor at a public tu etiugon this
subject.
“Resolved, That in the opinion of this merting nothing
shortoftlie absolute discontinuance of the publication of
the said aholition paper in this city, can prevent a resort to
violence, which may bo os disastrous toils publisher and
supporters, as it must be to the good cnler and fair fame of
onr city
‘•Re olved. That we will use all lawful m-nns to discoun
tenance and suppress every publication in this city, which
advocates the modern doctrines of abolitionism
“Resolved, That a committee consisting of twelve persons
be appointed by Ihe chair, to wait upon James G. Birney
and his associates in the publication of the said paper, to
remonstrate with them upon the dangerous tendency of the
course tli-y nre pursuing, to communicate to them ihe iiclual
tone of publie feeling in the city, to request them by every
motive of patriotism, and philanthropy to desist from tire
publication of their paper; and to «nrn them that if they
persist, we cannot hold ourselves responsible for the conse
quences.
‘•The chair then appeintal the following persons as the
above committee, viz; Jacob Burnet, Josiali Lawrence,
Ruht. Bnclintinn, Nicholas I-ongworlli, John C. Wright,
Oliver M Speneor, David l/ui ig, David T. Disney, Tlwm-
as \V. Bnrkewell, Stephen Burrows, John P. Foote, Win-
Greene. To whom on motion, the officers of this meeting
were afterwards added.”
The result of this interview was not known at onr last
accounts. But every thing indicated a storm against llir-
ney, if he did not yield to the public sentiment.—Richmond
Enquirer.
SPEECH OF MR. TC . INS, OF GEORGIA,
On the FORTIFICATION BILL, delivered in Committee
of the Whole on the state of tho Union, in the House of
Representatives, on Wednesday, May 11, .1336.
Mr. Chairman—I rise under the most
painful sense of duty, with emotions such
as I have seldom felt—with apprehen
sions not easily described. If, sir, under
any circumstances, 1 could hope to engage
the attention of the committee, I could
scarcely expect, after the protracted dis
cussion already had, to do so at this time.
My purpose will be, to submit the opinions
I entcruiin on some of the important ques
tions suggested by gentlemen in the course
of this debate; and if I should be so fortu
nate as to deserve the credit of not exhaust
ing the patience of the committee, I shall
feel in some degree rewarded for my la
bor. I will take this occasion to remark,
that while 1 reserve to myself the right to
defend opinions I entertain, and the princi
ples of the party to which I am attached,
it will be my first object, as it will be my
greatest pleasure, to aY'oid inflicting the
slightest wound on the feelings of any
gentleman, whose argument I shall at
tempt to answer. With the motives of
gentlemen on this floor. I ha\'C nothing to
do—motives lie buried too deep in the hu
man heart for me to search after, and they
will be treated by me as beyond the range
of appropriate inquiry—sacred to the indi
vidual, sacred to die character of this bo
dy, and not to be questioned, only at the
expense of harmony.
Sir, we have been assured by gentle
men of high standing in this House, in
the progress of this debate, that there was
a peculiar fitness, both in the time and u-
sages of the Government, to enter not only
into the examination of the prineiplesof the
present administration, but to scan, with
a searching eye, the political opinions and
practices of the distinguished statesmen,
whose names are now before the American
people for the first office in their gift.—
Since, sir, it has been the pleasure of gen
tlemen opposed to this administration to
urge an investigation into its principles and
practices as a paramount obligation upon
this House, with no other apparent object
than to connect whatever in their judg
ment may appear odious with one of the
candidates before the people for the chief
magistracy of the Union, it shall be my
business to raise my humble Y’oice in
defence of principles and practices not of
recent origin, but whose existence can be
traced to the purest days of our republican
institutions. And to show, sir, when these
principles have been assailed, the blow and
fallen either from open enemies, or pretend
ed friends to the principles of the republi
can party of this country, as founded on the
administration of Mr. Jefferson, and fully
acted out by that of General Jackson.
Sir, I will once for all assure this commit
tee, that while I cherish the kindest per
sonal feelings to every gendeman in this
House, with whom I have had the honor of
cultiva ting an acquaintance, I must be per
mitted to differ with many of them in the
views they have submitted in the progress
of this discussion; and differing from them,
I shall claim no more nor less latitude in
debate than’they themselves have enjoy
ed. If in the exercise of this right, feelings
of an unpleasant character are produced,
a recollection of by-gone times revived,
past occurrences reviewed, and the histo
ry of some of your statesmen, who are now
seen attempting to control the destinies of
their country, and who have but too often
appeared as perturbed spirits in the im
portant events of our history for the last
twentj 1- years, the fault will not ha\ r e been
mine; but the consequences must rest with
with honorable gentlemen, whose range in
debate has rendered such a course not one
of choice with me, but of painful necessity.
Mr. Chairman, I shall not consume
much of the time of the committee in at
tempting to answer any portion of the ar
gument of the honorable gendeman from
Virginia, (Mr. M‘Comas) who preceded
me. Not, sir, because of any want of me
rit in that argument, but because much of
what the gentlemen said was in support
of the power of Congress to distribute the
proceeds of public lands, by an act such
as the senate has recently passed, and sent
to this House for our adoption. Nor will
I complain, sir, at the infinite joy that
honorable gentleman seemed to derive
from the conviction upon his mind, that
he had established, quite beyond the reach
of future disputation, that the opinion he
entertained on the subject of the distribu
tion of the public lands, was in strict ac
cordance with the opinions of President
Jackson, as expressc i in his communica
tion of 1829. If the honorable gendeman
had devoted more of his time and research
into the true condition nf the public trea-
sury, and a future prospect of a rapid de
crease of our revenue, connected with a
comprehensive view of the actual posture
of affairs upon our own continent., he
would probably have arriY’ed at the con
clusion that it would be quite time to de
vise means to disgorge yonr Treasury,
when the just demands of the Gov r emment
and the best interest of the people had been
provided for. And surely, sir, the Presi
dent of the United States ca nnot be under-
guage clearly implies, that there* should
be accumulated in the Treasury, over and
above the wants of the Go\'cmment, a per
manent fund, not likely to be affected by
any sudden decrease of revenue; not like
ly to be required by any sudden change
or disorder in our commerce or foreign re
lations, requiring large expenditures for
the maritime frontier, or in Y'arious means
of necessary and proper* public defence.
sident never said in his
No, sir, the Presii
message, or elsewhere that tho public
treasure of this nation should bo divided,
when the great interest of'the entire mass
of the people of. these States directed,
without the-'possibility-of a . mistake, to
what national ends their money should be
applied. And, before the. honorable gen
tleman from Virginia can claim to act in
conformity with The opinion of President
Jackson upon this subject, he must first
show an actual, a permanent- and fixed
surplus, and not the mere possibility of an
unexpended balance in the Treasury, at
the end of a single quarter, which may be
required, not only for purposes of general
defence, but to sa\ r e your frontier from all
the horrors of Indian barbarity, before the
next quarter.. The honorable gentleman
has also informed us, that while he docs be
lieve in the various charges that have been
made against the. President,-giving the
leading measures of his administration his
cordial support, with the exception of his
the
course on me removal of the public depo-
sites, he, nevertheless, stands wholly un
committed upon the subject of his suc
cessor.
The honorable gentleman has gh'en the
further assurance to the committee, that
when the period shall arrive for him to ex
ercise the elective franchise, he will march
to the polls, with the fearless spirit of a
true Virginian, and there by his vote as
sert his preference for that man he should
think best entitled to the public confi
dence. Sir, I would not discourage this
manly bearing in the honorable member.
I would not have him fall one jot or tittle
from that bold and independent stand that
he has chosen to occupy. I would barely
remind him, that if the current scandal of
the day is to be accredited, he will in pur
suing the course he has intimated, subject
himself to the imputation of being the fol
lower of that individual, so often denoun
ced as the non-committal candidate.—
But, sir, a consciousness of the injustice of
this charge against that distinguished indi
vidual, has doubtless had its influence up
on the course of the honorable member,
and therefore he is prepared to avow for
himself, as worthy of a Virginia represen
tative, the very principle, if indeed it can
be called a principle, which, so far as the
Vice President is concerned, rests only
upon vague .charge, unsupported by proof,
or grounded upon fact.
I will now, Mr. Chairman, having
briefly noticed some of the arguments of
the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. M‘Co-
mas,) proceed to tho. consideration of the
principles in\'ol\ r ed in the amendment
offered by the honorable chairman of the
Committee of Ways and. Means, (Mr..
Cambreleng,) to the bill on your table,
and submit some, 'reasons that will influ
ence me in opposing the mode of distri
bution of the public revenue, pres ided for
in the bill proposed from the senate. The
great question now presented for the con
sideration of the ArUercan statesman, is
whether a system of defence consistent
with the genius and character of our in
stitutions shall be adopted, and become
the settled policy of the Government, un
til that system shall be completed; or
whether wc shall adhere to that policy
heretofore pursued, restrained as it has
been for the want of funds,, and so con
tracted in its scale as. to afford a very in
secure protection to-the numerous expos
ed points of our'widely extended territo
ry. In determining wisely a question
that addresses itself to the pride, the pa
triotism and the judgment of every Amer
ican citizen, we should take-a comprehen
sive view, not only of our present actunl
condition, but should also extend our re
flection to a period of time far beyond the
present. We legislate now, not only for
the time being, but to protect the interest,
and ensure the prosperity and the happi
ness of those who are to come after us.
Sir, that statesman who does not look to
toe future as YY’ell as to the present interest
of his country, who docs not look to its fu
ture wants* necessities, and condition, falls
infinitely short, in my opinion, of dis
charging his first duty to himself and to
future generations. What subject, let me
ask you, could address itself more favor
ably to out consideration than the subject
of our national defence: If, sir, there be
any thing in the recollection of past dan
ger, if one page of our country’s history
affords more joy than another, is it not
that page which tells the story of the gal
lant and brave resistance of your country
men fighting from within the Walls of your
fortifications, repelling a proud and expe
rienced enemy far exceeding themselves
in number, and possessed of the muni
tions of war many times more than equal
to their own? .Sir, it is not upon the sien-
stood as recommending a division of the der basis of imaginary advantage that I
“A Forced 7/vm.” Tire folloxvinp; from a Mexican pa
per, will afford lire render some idea of blessings enjoyed un
der I Ue present republican government of Mexico.
DECREE. k.
The President ad interim of lire Mexitfln Republic to i?s
inhabitants. Know that the general congress has decreed
as follows:
1. The government is authorised to exact a forced loan
throughout the republic to the amount of two millions of dol
lars, for the purpose of meeting in part the deficit ol the na
tional revenue.
2. The maximum amount exacted from each mdivittml
shall not exceed one thousand doliurs.
3. The certificates given for this loan shall be received
I'V the government after the lapse of one year, in payment
of any lax that ratty be imposed
revenue, so long as trie public service and
public safety requires its application U>
those purposes.
The President’s view: upoa this, as
upon every other subject, have, in the
course of this discussion, been strangely
misapprehended, or otherwise he has had
the miserable misfortune of misunder
standing himself. When the President re
commended to Congress “That i; seemed
to him thnt the most safe, just and federal
disposition which could be made of the
surplus revenue, would be its apportion
ment among the several States according
to their ratio of representation, and should
this measure not be found warranted by
the constitution, that it would be expedi
ent to propose to the States an amend
ment authorizing it,” he did not, he could
not mean, -that at the end of any single
year, should there remain an unexpend
ed balance,' either unappropiated or un-
once ne distributed
disbursed, Sfcphould at<
would advocate the bill upon your tabic.
The principles of that bill are sanctioned
by the experiert c ofi all ages and all coun
tries. Go to any nation, look to the condi
tion of any people who feel themselves
happy and believe themsel\'es safe, jmu
will find that their great interest is protect
ed by that system of defence which is
best "adapted to their condition. Our go
vernment is not one of force, but of volun
tary legal restraint; and the people that
yield obedience to that government can
Expect nothing less than protection from it.
How are you to protect them, if the de
fenceless state of your maritime coast in
vites rather than deters foreign invasion?
Let any man look to the immense proper
ty, private and public, spread upon our
maritime frontier, from Canada to Texas,
and deceive-himself with the belief that
it is not necessary to throw between that
property, *nd the approach of the inva
der, the
most Ample defence. Sir, the
man who et«Ji«d th«s human charac
ter, with the belief that, with either indi
viduals or nations, the greatest security i*
to be found in the gifcatest degree of weak
ness and dependence, has trimmed his
midnight lamp to little profit. And tho
American statesman who believes that our
greatest security depends in doing nothing
lor national delence, docs but invite the
cupidity, the avarice, the ambition, and,
in short, the worst passions ofibold, daring,
and ambitious invaders to commit lawless
outrages on the rights of otiters—to in
vade our shores and destroy the property
of our citizens. You have Ijeen admonish
ed by the father of his country, that “i:i
peace prepare for war,” and this maxim
delivered by one whose memory, so cher
ished by all, lias been uaiformily impress
ed upon the attention of congress through
e\ r ery administration, so far as rr.v reseach-
es extend, except that of Mr. Jefferson,
and is now recommended and enforced hy
a recurrence "to our situation by the pre
sent executive, of whom it may be said,
that there lives not the man on this conti
nent whose experience and penetration on
tliis subject entitle his opinion to more re
spect and attention. Sir, lie has in his last
message called the attention of congress ter
the subject of our de fence. In adverting
to the fact, that the gathering storm, which
had for the preoeding twelve months bec-n
lowering over us, had passed away, leav
ing our horizon clear, unclouded, and se
rene, with ample means and abundance of
materials and leisure to carry on a system
of defence, he has indulged the hope that
he might press thi subject without the dan
ger of being misunderstood, and from con
siderations of patriotism alone. There
have been studied and labored efforts made
by honorable gentlemen to make this svs-
tem of defence, as recommended by tho
present administration, unpopular, on tho
ground that it was establishing a largo
standing army in time of peace, dangerous
to our liberties, fatal to our prosperity, and
in utter disregard of thnt plain system of
republican syrnplicity, so rnm-h the admi
ration, either actual or professed, of all
parties. Sir, misrepresentation on this
point,both as to motive and effect, were
little less than any man, who has obser\ ed
the course of debate during the present
session, could expect. Yet I could but
feel some little astonishment when the hon
orable gentleman from Tennessee (Mr.
Bell) assumed the broad ground that the
course of policy, as contained in the ap
propriation bills of the present congress,
w'as, in principle, identical with the policy
of the odious part of the administration
of the elder Adamst. Sir, my valued
friend from Virginia (Mr. Garland) an
swered the argument of the gentleman
from Tennessee (Mr. Bell) so conclusively
on this point- that I will, at this time, for
bear further notice of that charge, but re
serve for another part of my remarks an
answer to some of the many errors in
which I apprehend the honorable gentle
man (Mr. Bell) has fallen. For one, I
am willing to admit there is a secret joy, a
feeling truly national that springs up in my
bosom, at the contemplation of that period
when these United States, as one family,
protected in our domestic and federal rela
tions, by preserving unimpaired the guar
antees of the constitution, will be able to
look to her entire frontier, and be prepar
ed, by her means of defence, to stand up
on her own border and bid defiance to all
the powers of the earth that would dare
pollute our sacred soil with invasion.—
Now, sir, does it necessarily follow, for
the purpose to which I have alluded, that
you are to plant yonr forts at every harljor
and inlet on yonr Atlantic and gulf fron
tier? No, sir, so far as that particular arm
of the national defence is concerned, I
would only propose that your large com
mercial cities, and the inlets to those har
bors where your navy can ride in safety,
should be protected by’ forts that would
prevent the possibility of surprise by a
superior navid force. But, sir, it is not
iorts alone, judiciously arranged and plac
ed at commanding points, that I desire to
see. It is the increase of your navv; so
that the commerce of .the country ma y be
safe in every sea and in every clime; that
tiie product of the husbandman, when sent
to seek a foreign market, is not to be ren
dered valueless because of the danger of
seeking that market. No, sir, let every
branch of industry receive equal protec
tion; let the great interest of your plan
ter be secured by the protection which
your navy ought to afford; for it is in vain
to speak of commerce, it is in vain to tell
me that the producer ofthe staple articles
of this country is not deeply and vitally
interested in strengthening the naval arm
of your defence, so that the dangers of
commerce which tend to lessen the value
of the article in the, home market, should
not. be diminished by the want of that pro
tection which can alone be extended by a
wise application of. vour public treasure,
to place your navy in a position of strength
that will command the respect of the
world. Sir, it is f illy to have a navy un
less you, by means ol’ fortification?, so pro
tect your harbors that that navv will lie
safe from the attack of a superior force.—
And yet a system, so moderate in itself,
aiming at no other end than to give great
er security to every interest of every citi
zen of these United States, has been de
nounced as a extern intended to er slave
them, and entail upon them the evils of
* heavy taxation. Sir, T will not further
trouble the .committee on this point; J
should feel humbled, I should feel as if 1
had betrayed the interest of my constitu
ents, were I to return home and tell them
that, under the most favorable circumstan
ces, and with on overflow ing treasury, I
had foiled to support the only measure
that would make them prosperous in pence
and safe in war. I have endeavored to
offer some reasons to the committee to
show that it is our first duty to place the
country in a proper state of defence. I
have treated that branch of the question
as a whole, without attempting to discri
minate between the points necessary and
proper for the defence on the vfe hand,
or the equality or inequality hjyfche jmb&