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til stopped by the formation ol a crust,
which quickly takes place. '1 he tempera
ture id ways appeared to be too low to
spread into a conflagration.
2&m;ny. of a m/e.—It appears from
further facts developed, connected with
the death of the individuals who attempted
to lynch Judge Bermudez, that his wile
perlbrmed a principal part in the scene,
having with her own hand slain one of the
deceased.*
Had it not been for her timely interfer
ence the assailants would have succeeded
in their nefarious purpose, I our ot them
had seized the Judge, and whilst he was
struggling, she rushed into the room with
his sword, with which lie killed one,
when he was almost down, by a back
handed stroke. She herself grappled an
other. A negro is also stated to have
fought most furiously for liis master and
mistress. Baily, one ol the slain, was
from Boston, and Egan, the other, from
St. Thomas. The Judge is described as
a very active man, somewhat above the
middle size, and about thirty five years
old.—Southern Patriot. September -10.
Tremendous Earthquake.—'flic Journal
des Deux Siciles gives the details of a
tremendous earthquake that in the night
of the 24lh of April desolated the district
of Itosano, in Upper Calabria. The whole
of that part of the country, more or less,
sustained disasters: but it was felt most
severely in the communes of Itosano and
Orosia. In the former, the shock was in
stantaneously followed by the fall of most
of the houses; in the latter not one tenant
• mained; one hundred and ninetv-two
individuals have perished, and two hun
dred and forty have been severely hurt.—
The inhabitants of the whole communes
!t rstened with laudable alacrity, magis
trates and medical men, to the assistance of
die inhabitants; and the scene is represent-
• • l afflicting in the extreme—the populace
and the authorities digging from under
toe ruins the dead bodies, or those nearly
crushed to death, amid the groans of the
.-ifflerers—the anxiety—the lamentations
—and the despair of those who had them
selves escaped, but were seeking for rela
tions or friends with scarcely a better
hope than to receive their last breath.—
I'ublic charity did all that it could to a (ford
immediate succour to a people suddenly
leprived of shelter, raiment, and food.—
The “Journal de Naples” contains a state
ment which it thinks, however, may be
xagge rated by the natural terrors of the
imagination in such a catastrophe—that,
at. the moment the shock was felt, an ignit
ed meteor was seen along the shore of the
Caloppezgalt, in the form of large flam
ing beams—that long and deep clefts tore
up and destroyed the fields—-that that sea
retired forty paces on one side, and ad
vanced the same distance onthe other; and
that on the shore were found volcanic
matter, and a fish of a species unknown
to the fishermen of the countrv. It ap
pears that the same shock was felt at Gi-
nosa, in the province of Otranto, and at
Craco, in the province of Basilicata,
where some houses were thrown down
Extraordinary .March of Science.—The ex
traordinary discoveries which have been made
within a lew years, going to show the probable
identity of beat, electricity, light, galvanism, and
magnetism, threaten touverturn the pre-existin
speculations of science on those subtle fluids, and
to effect so great a revolution as the successful
application of steam navigation by our coun
tryman, Fulton, has in the mechanic world, and
indeed in the entire structure of society. It is
rendered almost certain by the late experiments
of Mr. Faraday, that the magnetic pole with
all its influences, are caused by the operation
of the earth’s surface at ihe equator. The fol
lowing from the distinguished Biot, promises
another important discovery. i
M. Biot.—The learned and scientific M.
Biot, has been delivering some very remarka
ble lectures at the College de France. He, has
proved, that, by means of polarized rays, it is
l*>s*iblc to ascertain the chemical action which
takes place between bodies held in solution in
various liquids, an action which lias not yet
been discovered by less delicate means. This
is a new branch of science, created as it were
by this great natural philosopher, from which
the most important and curious results may be
expected.—Alheneum
The steamboat Tigris, one of the expe
dition on the Euphrates capsized and
went to the bottom in a tornado. Twenty
of the crew were drowned, fifteen of
them Englishmen. Colonel Chesney
saved himself by swimming.
TIIE EUPHRATES EXPEDITION
f rom a supplement of the London Gazette of
Friday, July 29, 1336.
Ixdia Board, July 23, IS36.
A despatch has been received at this
office from colonel Chesney, R. A., in
command of the Euphrates expedition,
dated Euphrates steamer, Anna, May 2S,
1836, of which the following, with its en
closure, are copies:
Euphrates Steamer, Anna,
May 28, 1336.
Sir—It is with feelings of the deepest
regret, that I do myself the honor of in
forming you that the Tigris steamer was
totally lost during a hurricane of indes
cribable violence, which, after the short
struggle of al)out eight minutes, sent a
fine vessel to the bottom, in five* fathoms
water, and deprived his majesty of fifteen
valuable men, with five natives in addi
tion.
My reports, up to the 17th instant, at
Deir, will have informed you that all was
going on as successfully as the most san
guine could possibly desire. We found
the Arabs well disposed, and quite ready
to form depots tor us of wood, charcoal,
bitumen, and lignite coal, all met in abun
dance, and tried with complete success.
In addition to these marked advantages,
the survey has been carried five hundred
and nine miles down the Great river,
which seemed, in all respects, favorable;
in short, all was continued prosperity up
to the afternoon of the 21st instant, when
it pleased God to send the calamitous
event ol' which it is my duty to give a fee
ble sketch.
A little after one o’clock, P. M. on that
melancholy day, the Hat boats being a lit
tle ahead, and the Tigris leading the Eu
phrates, a storm appeared, bringing with
it, high in the air, clouds of sand from the
west-northwest quarter. At this moment
we were passing over the rocks of Is
Geria (deeply covered,) and immediately
after we made a signal for the Euphrates
to clioose a berth, and made fast; which
was dune more us a matter of precaution,
on account of the difficulty of seeing our
way through the sand, than from appre
hension that the squall would be so terri
fic. The Tigris was immediately direct
ed toward the bank, against which she
struck without injury, but with so much
violence as to recoil a distance of about
eight yards, leaving two men on the bank,
who had jumped out to make fast. The
wind then suddenly veered round drove
her bow off, and -thus rendered it quite
impossible to secure the vessel to the
bunk, along which she was blown rapidly
by the heavy gusts, her bead falling oil’
into the stream as she passed close by the
Euphrates, which vessel had been backed
opportunely to avoid the concussion.
The engines were working widi full
power, anti every endeavor made to turn
the vessel’s bow to the bank. One an
chor was let go, but the heel of the ves
sel made it impossible to get tlie other out,
and she was then nearly broadside to the
wind, with the engines almost powerless,
and the waves rising to four or five feet,
forcing their way in at the windows.—
Lieutenant Cockburn, the Messrs. Staun
ton, and some of the men made ineffectu
al attempts to keep out the water, for the
fate of the vessel was already decided;
and the forepart of the deck being under
water, lieutenant Lynch came to report
that the Tigris was sinking, and the word
was immediately passed for all to save
themselves. At this very instant a mo
mentary gleam of light faintly showed the
bank at the apparent distance of eight or
ten yards; and, as there seemed every
probability that the stern would touch it
before she went down, lieutenant Lynch
encouraged the people to remain sleady
until they reached the land. All were on
deck at this critical moment, some cling
ing to the ropes of the awning, the pad
dle, boards, and funnel; but the majority
were close to the tiller, and all behaving
with the most exemplary obedience, until
the vessel went down all at once, and
probably within half a minute, after we
had seen the bank for an instant.
Lieutenant Lynch, who was at my el
bow, dived out underneath the starboard
ridge rope, at the moment when there
was about four feet water on the deck,
and I had the good fortune to get clear,
in the same way, through the larboard
side, and also to take a direction which
brought me to the land, without having
seen any thing whatever to guide me
through darkness worse than that of night.
When it cleared a little, I found around
me lieutenant Lynch and Mr. Eden, (both
greatly exhausted,) Mr. Thompson, the
Messrs. Staunton, and several of the men.
The hurricane was already abating rapid
ly; and as the distance from the vessel to
the shore was very short, we indulged the
hope that the rest of our brave compan
ions had reached the bank lower down.
For an instant I saw the keel of the Ti
gris uppermost, near the stem. SI
went down bow foremost, and, havii
struck the bottom in that position, she
probably turned round on the bow as a
pivot, and thus showed part of her keel
for nn instant at the other extremity; but
her paddle beams, Boats, and parts of the
sides were already broken up, and actu
ally floated ashore, so speedy and terrific
had been the work of destruction.
From the moment of striking the bank
until the Tigris went down it scarcely
exceeded eight minutes; while the opera
tion of sinking itself did not consume
more than three; indeed, the gale was so
very violent that I doubt whether the most
powerful vessel, such as a frigate, could
have resisted it, unless she was already
secured to the bank; and for this there
was, in our case, little or no time, as it
was bai'el3' possible, in the position of our
consort, to make fast and save the vessel.
1 had little, or rather no hope that the
Euphrates could have escaped, but llie in
trepid skill of lieutenant Cleaveland and
Mr. Charlewood enabled them to get out
two anchors in the very' nick of time; and
by the united means of two hawsers, and
the engines working at full power, the
vessel maintained her position at the bank
until the storm abated, as the enclosed
letter from captain Estcourt will explain
more fully; and as it required all the pow
ers of a fifty horse engine in the case of
the Euphrates, to keep her hawsers from
snapping, 1 infer that the twenty horses of
the Tigris would not have been sufficient
to enable her to keep the position at the
bank, even if the officers had succeeded
in securing her alongside of it.
Lieutenant Lynch and Mr. Eden con
tinued cool and collected until the last
moment, nor were any efforts wanting
that skill or presence of mind could sug
gest to save the vessel in the first instance,
and the lives in the second, when the for
mer had foiled; nor could any tiling be
more exemplary than their conduct, and
that of all on board: scarcely' a word was
spoken, not a murmur was heard, and
death was met with that exemplary de
gree of intrepidity and resignation which
have been displayed by every individual
throughout the arduous and trying service
in which we have been engaged since
January, 1S3-5.
Having already given a faithful account
of the short, but eventful period of about
twelve minutes occupied by the begin
ning, the progress, anil termination of the
hurricane, I will conclude the painful part
of my task, by referring you to the en
closed return of the names of the valua
ble men who have been lost to his majes
ty' and their country forever.
Very different was the result when a
similar, but less violent gale sent my lit
tle vessel to the bottom of this river in
1831; for I had not then the misery of de
ploring the loss of a single life, and my
little schooner was afloat and continuing
the descent in less than twelve hours;
whereas, all our efforts, as yet, have fail
ed, even to find the remains of the ves
sel; not a ripple, or the slightest trace of
the unfortunate Tigris, marks the spot
where she went down; but our search has
not yet terminated; and if site should be
found without having been dashed to
pieces, I shall take measures to recover
her with the assistance of the diving bell
and other means; especially as there are
many' valuable instruments on board, in
addition to the hull and machinery, and
particularly as the Arabs here arc well
disposed.
I am happy to say that the survivors of
the expedition remain as much unshaken
as ever in their confidence regarding the
final success of this undertaking, as well
as the manifest advantages, facilities, and
cheapness of this line ol communication.
The hurricane has been, it is true, a most
try ing and calamitous event; but J be
lieve it is regarded by all, even at this
early day, as having no more to do with
the navigation of the Euphrates in other
respects than the loss of a packet in the
Irish Channel, which might retard, but
could not put an end to, the intercouse be
tween England and Ireland.
We are therefore continuing our des
cent and survey to Bussora, hoping not
onlv to bring up the mail from India, with
in the specified time, but also, if it please
God to spare us, to demonstrate the
speed, economy, and commercial advan
tages of the river Euphrates, provided
the decision of ministers shall be in the
true spirit of Englishmen, to give it a fair
trial, rather than abandon the original
purpose in consequence of an unforeseen,
and, as it proved, an unavoidable calami
ty.
I have the honor to be, See.
F. R. CHESNEY,
Colonel commanding the expedition.
The right hew. Sir John Cam Hobhousr,
Bart, president of the Board of Control.
* The loaf dopili sounded; and we have fdnee found three
and a half falhoms on one side of ihe spot, and five on the
other.
From the Mississippi Free Trader, 23d ull.
The following history of the taking of Santa
Anna, we copy from the Natchez Daily Cou
rier. One of the proprietors of this paper has
been intimately acquainted witii the gentleman
who had that distinguished honor, many years,
and it is truly gratifying to find an old acquaint
ance that has tiius distinguished himself, in addi.
turn to having had the honor of hearing the only
banner that was carried in the field bv the Tex-
ians. He is a PRINTER by profession.
“On the morning of the 22d of April, the re-
port came into camp that Messrs. Carnes and
Secrctts, our spies, with a party of men, con
sisting of about twenty or twenty-five Texian
soldiers, had surrounded Santa Anna and Cos,
with near fifty Mexicans, ten miles from our
camp. Colonel Burlisson carne round for vol
unteers to accompany him to reinforce them.—
He soon raised fifty or fifty.five mounted men
and we proceeded to Sinim’s bayou, near
Vince’s; where we expected to join Carnes’s
party. We arrived there about eleven o’clock
in the morning, and not being able to overtake
them (for wo heard after we left the camp that
they had proceeded to the Brazos) we hesitated,
and consulted whether to return to camp, or go
on to the Brazos; finally, about thirty of our
party agreed to go on, the balance made a move
to return. When we arrived at Vince’s, 1 pro-
pos d to take down the Buffalo bayou, when
tour others immediately joined mo. I was or.
dered by Col. B. with positive orders from him
not to kill any Mexicans, but to bring them into
camp.
Our party consisted of Messrs. Miles, of
Richmond, Virginia, Vermillion, Thompson,
Cole and Mason of Texas. We had not pro.
ceeded far, before we espied some four or five
deer on the west side of a brunch that made up
into the prairie, from the B. bayou, I observed
to them to remain where they were, and
would try to kill one of t!. in. I rode on with
in forty or fifty yards of the branch, where I
hailed my horse under a lone tree, which stood
in the prairie and was almost in the act of pull-
ing the trigger of my rifle, when the deer start
ed. I immediately looked to my right, when I
espied a Mexican bending his course toward the
bridge; he stopped a moment to gaze around
him, and immediately started on again. I call-
ed my companions, three of them, (Cole be
ing still in the rear of us, for Mason had left us
altogether) to come on, ‘here was a Mexican!
As soon as I called to them he espied me, and
immediately secreted himself in the grass.—
They rode up and we arrived together where lie
was. The grass was high enough to hide him
entirely from our view. When we arrived at
the spot, he was lying on his side; with a blank
et over bis face. 1 called to him to rise, when
only took the blanket from his face. 1 called to
him a second and third time to get up, when lie
rose and stood for a moment, and finding him-
self completely surrounded, he advanced to
wards me and desired to shake hands, which I
immediately offered to him. lie shook my
band, pressed it, and kissed the back of it and
asked where our brave Houston was. 1 replied
lie was in camp—through the medium of one of
our party, (Mr. Thompson,) who acted as inter
preter on the occasion. I asked him who he
was, he observed he was merely a private sol
dier; when I discovered the bosom of his shirt,
which was very splendidly wrought, and point
ed it out to him, I observed that he was not a pri-
vate soldier, but must bean officer ofsome rank;
he immediately replied that he was an aid to
Santa Anna, and burst into a flood of tears. I
told him in a mild tone “not to grieve, he should
not be hurt.” I then asked him where Santa
Anna was, and observed farther, that it was
supposed by us, lie was wounded; ho replied
that Santa Anna was not wounded, but that lie
and Cos, and some colonel, (whose name I do
not now recollect,) had gone on the Brazos.—
He was very anxious to bo taken into camp un
hurt, as he was anxious to see General Hous
ton.
His attire, was indicative of a common sol-
(her, being very plain. He had no arms about
his person, and after he spoke, he appeared ve
ry much dejected; complaining of pains in his
breast and legs, and saying that he was not a-
ble to walk. Mr. Miles observed that he would
walk a short distance, and Santa Anna desired
me to let him ride a short distance, as it would
relieve him very much. Ho mounted Mr.
Miles’ horse, and we proceeded some two or
three miles, which distance lie rode. Mr. Miles
overtaking us demanded his horse of him,
which he refused to give up, without I said so,
I requested him to alight, when he observed it
was very hard, but lie supposed it was fair, as
he was then a prisoner, and should not expect
so good treatment as ho had received. He
was conducted into camp by Messrs. Miles and
Thompson, .Mr. Vermillion and myself going in
another direction. When I had advanced
some twenty or thirty yards, he wished to see
me once more before we parted. 1 returned,
and he drew a letter from his pocket, directed
to Santa Anna from Colonel Almonte dated
14th April, of which the contents were, that lie
had learned there were two or three hundred
American soldiers on Galveston island, and
that lie had better make his way to that place,
take possession of that island, cut otf our sup
plies, and he (Almonte) would join him in a lew
days, Urrea would take possession of Velasco,
at the mouth of Brazos, and he might establish
his head-quarters wherever lie choose.
When lie arrived in camp ho was conducted
to General Houston’s quarters, which was
made of an oak tree, in the bottom near the
bank of the bayou, where he made himself
known. Some few minutes after I arrived in
camp and went to General Houston’s quarters
where Colonel Rusk, the then Secretary of
War and Santa Anna were counselling, lie
pointed myself out, ns being his captor, and im-
mediately returned his thanks fir my kindness,
when l took him prisoner; and if it ever was in
his power, (which he hoped it would be) that
lie would reward me very handsomely for it.
I observed to him that 1 had already been re-
warded, (which astonished him very much,)
that the honor of being the captor of the Mexi
can Nepolean was all the rewards, I ever ex-
pected to receive. When he was taken to the
genera' s quarters, he observed, “I am Antonio
Lopez de Santa Anna, President of 'he Mexi
can Republic, and commander-in-chief of the
army of operations. I surrender to the brave,
who are always just.” Houston observed to
him that lie was then in the American camp,
and not among heathens, desired him to, take a
sent, and make himself as comfortable as ho
could.
This is a true statement of the capture of
General Santa Anna, notwithstanding the fabu
lous reports that have been circulated in regard
to it. As to the-person of Santa Anna, lie is
about five feet nine inches high, rather stoop
shouldered, though well proportioned otherwise.
His face is long and narrow with high fore
head, and contracted brow, his piercing look of
the eye, as though lie could sec through liie
designs of man. His nose is short, remarka
ble thick and clumsy, his nostiils huge and di
lated. There is a peculiar expression ol t ie
mouth that I am unable to dose tbe, but it s to
lerably large and bis under lip rather protru
ding. IBs chin is round and projecting for
ward.
But I would refer the the render to the re
markably striking likeness, painted by Major J.
Sen ague, and now exhibiting in this city.
JAMES A. SILVESTER,
Of Cincinnati, Ohm,
2d Sergeant and Color-hearer. in Captain
Wood's Company, at the battle o/ San Jacinto.”
From the Texas Telegraph, August 23.
RESCUE OF SANTA ANNA.
On liie 16th the schooner Passaic, Hughes,
master, of about forty' tons, nrrivsd a Marion,
(Columbia Landing,) from New Orleans, hav
ing first discharged most of her cargo at Bra
zoria and brought up the balance, consisting
principally of liquors and provisions, belonging
to Don Bartolome Pages, a native of Catalonia
in Spam, who commenced disposing of them
bv retail, on board of the vessel. Her crew,
seven men before the mast, was composed of
part foreigners and part native Anglo-Ameri
cans; a number unusually large, considering
the size of the Passaic and her destination to
ports of short passages. Information bad been
received from N ew Orleans that she was leaving
fir Texas under suspicious circumstances.—
Immediately on her arrival, Pages proceeded
up the river in a boat, had an interview with
one of the prisoners, and subsequently delivered
a bottle sealed with green wax, of what he
called bitters, but‘which on examination was
found to contain opium in a considerable quanti
ty. This deleterious liquor was to be adminis
tered to the captain and guard placed over Santa
Anna and the other prisoners, and then, during
the heavy, and probably intended eternal sleep
of the former, the escape of the latter was to
be effected. But the Tcxians are not to be
lulled into a neglect of their duties and abandon
ment of their vigilance. Suspicions being thus
excited, inquiries were instituted, and an ad
ventitious aid, or rather a principal agent in the
discovery, made his appearance in the person
of , who came forward to give notice
of the plot, and to produce in confirmation of
his evidence a document, in Spanish, written
and signed by Don Fraucisco Piznrro Martinez,
Mexican consul at New Orleans, to the follow
ing purport: “That inasmuch as it is well
known to him, (the consul) that Don Bartolome
Pages, a native of Catalonia, whose signature
appears in the margin, is charged with a secret
mission of the highest importance, for the fulfil
ment of which it is indispensably necessary that
he should freely enter and leave the ports of
Texas, which bv law are closed to foreign trade,
therefore the commanders of Mexican vessels
, of war, or privateers, to whom he, Pages, may
exhibit the document, are requested and suppli
cated not to throw impediments or obstacles in
the way of his voyage to Brazoria, on the
American schooner Passaic, but to listen to
what he may have to state respecting the affairs
of Texas, and to aid, protect and assist him,
because the service of the nation so requires it.
Given at New Orleans, the 29th day of July,
1836, and sealed with the seat of this con
sulate.”
Such iu substance are the contents of the
passport. Upon this evidence, joined to the
suspicious circumstances before mentioned, VV.
II. Patton, captain of the guard over Santa
Anna, proceeded to take measures for securing
the parties in the transaction, and accordingly,
came to the landing on the 16th, where he
seized in the name of the Republic of Texas,
the vessel, placed the crew and other individuals
under arrest, searched their persons, without
however finding .then any papers of importance,
and finally, he confined '.lie principal agent iti
the plot, Don Bartolome Pages, and one of the
crew, a native Spaniard—both of them were
put in irons, in which situation they still remain.
The vessel and cargo are now under examina
tion, and we will publish the result when known.
But further testimony will be forthcoming from
the source alluded to, showing that the plan of
escape was formed when Pages left Velasco for
New Orleans, and it is inferred that others were
to assist, for ramifications have been discover
ed including several subaltern agents. Suspi
cions tire entertained that the vessel has Mexi
can owners—with her cargo, site cost in New
Orleans, four thousand and five hundred dollars.
Extraordinary measures of precaution have
been taken with the prisoners, and Santa Anna
and Almonte have been put in irons; free com-
munication with them is also interdicted.* In
the flight ol the distinguished prisoner, a nation’s
harvest would have been blighted.
•Thprnptivc president made an effort to destroy himself,
by taking a large dose of opium, which produced, however,
oni}’ nausea.
From the Sew Orleans Bee, 30(/i ult.
LATER FROM TEXAS.
Bv an arrival from Velasco, we have received
our files of the Telegraph, (the only paper now
published in Texas) up to the 6tl> insi. incht-
sively:they contain nothing of importance in re
gard to the situation of the new republic.
According to a table of pay of the Texian
officers, it appears that the salary of a Major
General has been fixed at 8200 dollars per
month, that of a Commissary General of Pur
chase tit SoOOO dollars per annum; Quarter
Master General 82600; a Colonel of Cavalry
890 per month. The other officers and sub-of
ficers and soldiers at 875 to 86 per month,
the rations in proportion to the pay.
By passengers we learn, verbally, that An
tonio Paves who attempted the rescue of Santa
Anna, made his escape from prison, but was af
terwards apprehended and again confined. It
is said lie will he acquitted of the first charge,
and that he will be tried as a Mexican spy be
fore the Supreme Court.
At individual named Marks had been tried
and was sentenced to he shot o:i the 15th inst.,
for having deserted from the Texian army, and
joined the Mexican,—lie was arrested as a spy
holding communication with the Mexican com
mander.
Mexico.—The schooner Halcyon, arrived
yesterday from Matainoras, brings us our regu
lar flies of the Mercurio iq> to the Glh instant,
inclusively. She also brings commercial let
ters to the 19th, which will be found below.
The most important question, (in a commercial
point of view,) which now occupies the atten
tion of Mexico is a proclamation of the Presi
dent pro tem. published in a Vera Cruz paper
of the last of August, stating that “in conse
quence of the negotiations now ponding be.
tween the supreme government of Mexico and
that ofSpnin for the recognition by the latter of
the independence of the former, that all the
ports of the republic arc opened on a fo iting of
reciprocity to Spanish vessels.” The basis of
this treaty had not yet been decided upon.
It was the opinion at Matamoras that the in
dependence of Mexico would be acknowledged.
Wc question this however as the unsettled slate
of Spain is not likely to bring about immediately
such a result.
A letter from Tampico of the 5th September
received here via Matamoras states that the au
thorities of that city were undecided whether
they would seize the schooner Creole or not, nnd
do with her as they had done with the schooner
Henrietta and Iudianna.
The same letter states that General Anastasio
Bustamente, the ex-Vice President of Mexico,
who had been exiled by Santa Anna, had ar
rived at Mexico, and that as Bravo had not ac
cepted the command of the army against Texas,
Bustamente would accept it—it is also stated
that Bravo had concluded to serve under him.
The commandant, General Urrea ofllatamor-
as, had been removed front his command and
ordered to Mexico to answer to the charges
brought against him. Our informant adds,
that all was tranquil at Matamoras when lie
left, and that there were fifieen hundred troops
at that place.
We observe, however, by a circular dated
11th September, signed by several officers of
the army, that the troops loudly complain of
what is going on in Mexico. It seems that they
have knowledge of the appointment of Bravo
and another military Chieftain, but neither the
one nor the other military nomination is accep
table to them. Tiiev solicit Congress most
strenuously to appoint Urie.t as commander-in
chief. This document adds that the citv is in
pecuniary embarrassments: no money to
pay the soldiers and officers nor any rations to
furnish them with. That the government goes
at foolish and needless expenses, sending ten
more pieces of cannon when there is already
27 pieces of cannon which is more than suffi
cient fi>r the campaign. All this, say the
signecs, is to put3 to 400 per cent in (lie pocket
ol'Munuel Barrera, Commissary General of the
army.
The circular terminates bv declaring that
a dark cloud envelopes the affairs of the ap
proaching campaign: that it is impossible to
foretell the result, but that sooner or later this
cloud will burs’, and that there will be a number
ol persons who will not bo at all pleased with
the rain.
The Mercurio of the 9th informs us that the
Depart Indians had committed great depredations
on both sides of the 1’Allngo Colorado. At the
Ran ho de la Tarila they had killed a number
of persons, nnd captured a quantity of horses
and mules.
The same Indians have also committed many
other depredations and murders.
Mexico if we should judge from these ac
counts appears to be encompassed by difficulties:
what will he the final issue time alone can show.
TO THE PUBLIC.
A disposition on our part to justify ourselves
before an unprejudiced public, for the treatment
dealt to A. W. KITCIIELL by the citizens
of this place and vicinity, is our excuse for this
publication.
We are aware that no testimony, however
plain, would indirce certain persons to admit
that the punishment was justly deserved: for
such, this communication is not intended. Our
only object is to satisfy the friends of equal
rights and Southern interests that the reasons
which induced us to tar and feather Kitelu II
were good and sufficient, nnd such as should au
thorise any community in this country to adopt
the same mode of punislmu nt towards any in
dividual guilty of like offences. We were well
assured that we were not justified bv the law in
adopting this course; but a due regard for our
dearest interest forces us to this or some similar
plan ol punishment for all such offenders.—
We were convinced from the testimony, that
Kitclteil was not only ut\ abolitionist, but a forg
er, liar and rogue—and we treated him as such.
It is true that we have not the evidence of white
persons that they had seen or heard him incul
cating bis abominable doctrines in the minds oi"
our slaves, and without this, the law could net
have leached him; but his general character,
and the statements of iho negroes, we conceive
quite sufficient to fix upon him live crime of be
ing an Abolitionist. Wc may be perfectly sat
isfied from circumstances, that a certain person
is endeavoring to arouse a spirit of rebellion a-
mongst our negroes, yet he may exert all his
powers in this hellish cause for any length of
time without placing himself within the clutches
of the law. His consultations are held only
witii the slaves, and as their evidence is not re
ceived in law against a white man, lie is at per
fect liberty to scatter his seeds of destruction
without the dread of being convicted of the of
fence. Kitchell, we are assured, was aware of
this fiict, and so shaped his course, to carry out
his nefarious designs.
Wc will now give a statement of some of the
facts which induced us to punish him, commenc
ing with our first acquaintance with the gentle
man. lie came to Hillsborough about the first
of the year 1835, and solicited the rectorship
of the Academy, which was vacant at that
time. The trustees agreed to employ him, pro
vided he proved himself qualified upon examin
ation. A board of examiners were appointed,
viz: Samuel E. Scudder (formerly of New Jer
sey,) Dr. II. A. T. Ridley, and Walter H.
Mitchell, of this place. The day of examina
tion was fixed at three several times: at the
two first, ho pleaded indisposition, and at the
third, lie proved himself entirely incapable of
taking charge of the School, lie had, previ
ous to this, obtained the key of the Academy,
and opened the School for two or three days up
on his own responsibility, and without any kind
of authority from the Trustees. After it was
satisfactorily ascertained that lie was entirely
unfit to take charge of the school, lie was in
formed that he could not be employed, lie
then left this place and went to Tarversville in
Twiggs county, where lie was employed to take
charg; of the school at that place. Here he
remained perhaps six or eight months, when
the citizens were forced to drive him from their
settlement.
From several letters which wo had received
from gentlemen of as much respectability ns
any of any country, we were convinced that he
was an abolitionist. They represented him as
such, and informed us that ho had frequently
been seen many miles from his place of abode,
late at night, and amongst the negroes. We
have the letter of a gentleman well known in
Georgia ns a high-minded, honorable man, in
which lie states, that if Kitchell had remained
in Twiggs county a few days longer, when these
facts were fully developed, he would have re-
ceived a complete lynching with stripes, instead
of tar arid feathers; but lie made his escape from
that place to Morgan county. Here lie again
took charge of a school, and as usual was forc
ed to q lit in a few days.
He then found his way to this place, and
commenced a suit against the Trustees of the
Hillsborough Academy for a year’s services.—
It was shortly after this visit that wo received
the letters alluded to, when he again made his
appearance. The committee of vigilance ap
pointed in 1335, for the purpose of examining
all suspicious persons w.io might he lurking
about our place, called upon him and informed
him of the suspicions that were afloat, told him
the purport of the letters we had received, and
advised him never again to return to this place
—that if ho did, ho might expect to be severely
punished. He put out late at night, after prom
ising the committee that lio would not return.—
ft was but three days before he was again in
our place. He was dien taken and examined
by a committee appointed by a very large meet
ing; his papers were produced, and amongst
them was found a certificate signed by H. II.
Tarver and others as trustees of the Tarvers
ville Academy, which we were satisfied was a
forgery. We believed that he could not have
obtained such a certificate from those men, and
accused him of writing it himself, which he
eventually acknowledged. Annexed is a copy
of the certificate which is now in our posses
sion, together with other papers of like charnc-
ter, and which we suspect he obtained in like
manner. Wc also received nn affidavit the
same day, made by a respectable gentleman of
this neighborhood, in which lie swears that he
hail discovered Kitchell holding a conversation
with some of his negroes at night, that lie im
mediately fled, and tire negroes say he was [ or-
t ray ing to them the blessings of freedom—that
all men were born equal, and should have equal
rights and liberties—contrasting their present
situation with the happiness they would enjoy
when they had burst the bonds of servitude, and
such like stuff. We were also informed that
the night previous, he had spoken, in the pro-
senceof a lady and before some servants of the
family, of the happiness enjoyed hy those no-
groes who had runaway and got amongst the
Indians, and who had been stolen by the Indi
ans; that they enjoyed perfect freedom, had
farms of their own, and were perfect masters of
all their acts. At this place, he arose from bed
long before the family were up, ordered his
horse from a negro, and set out without paying
liis bill. These, with other circumstances, in
duced the citizens of this place and neighbor
hood to tar nnd feather the gentleman, and ride
him on a rail.
Since the above proceedings, we have heard
a great deal more of the conduct of Mr. Kitch-
ell. Whilst in Twiggs county, be contracted
debts, which failing to pay when he left, his
trunk of clothing was attached, and in due
course of law was sold at public sale. Having
by some means ascertained who had become
the purchaser, ho privately went to the house
of the gentleman nnd requested some blank
books that were in the trunk, and which lie pre
sumed would be of no service to the owner.—
The gentleman opened the trunk and gave him
the books. Observing two pair of pantaloons,
lie requested to look at them—they were hand
ed to him—he examined them, and after silting
a short time, lie arose from the chair and walk
ed out of the house with the pantaloons. The
owner not supposing that lie had any intention of
taking them off, did not immediately follow after
him; but he not returning, the gentleman in a
few minutes went to the door, and to his aston
ishment discovered Kitchell on liis hoise some
distance from the house, at full speed. In this
way he made a clear profit of two pair of panta
loons.
II is horse was afterwards attached for a debt
lie owed in Morgan county, and locked up —
Late at night, when every other person was
asleep, he gets up, goes to the stable, breaks
the lock and clears himself with liis horse, taking
with him a blanket which did not belong to
him. He was pursued, overtaken and forced
to pay' the debt.
The above facts have been furnished ns by
men of first respectability, fie has made a
regular business of travelling through the coun
try without paying his necessary expenses,
whenever he could get off without doing so.
This lias been dc.no within a short distance o(
this place, and when he could have had no ex
cuso for it, as lie had plenty of money and was
an entire stranger to the persons, they bavin
never seen or luard of him before. And this
man is represented by certain papers at the
north, as a young man of distinguished worth,
amiable, unassuming and entirely unollendin.
To cap the whole, lie is said to be a very near
relative of nn ex-senator in congress. We
presume that the honorable gentleman will
never pride himself upon this branch of his
family connection, for we honestly believe that
lie is a more proper subject for the penitentiary
or gallows, than for the pulpit. He pretends to
be a preacher of the Gospel, but lie has taken
more pains in disseminating the doctrine ol abo.
litionism and practising the art of roguery and
swindling, than in turning sjnners from their
evil ways. lie has now, we presume, left the
State; and from the remarks of the New-Ark
Daily Advertiser, we see he reports his only
offence to have been an exertion to collect
just dues fro«»i some at least of the persons who
employed him—that revenge was threatened if
lie persisted, and the charge of abolition was
finally made the pretext of cancelling the debt
and driving him from the country with scourging
and abuse. This, the editor of that pap c r re
marks, is his account of the affair, and adds,
we are assured that bis acquaintances in Geor
gia confirm it. It may be possible that the liar
who first gave to the editor of that paper a false
statement of the proceedings of the meeting
that punished Kitchell, and whose name that
editor refuses to give up, although demanded,
might confirm this or any other statement, pro
vided his name could be as well concealed as it
lias heretofore been; but we arc certain that no
man of respectability will say that such are the
facts. The suit which he commenced was
against the trustees of the academy, and could
not have affected the pecuniary interest of any
individual that composed the meeting one cent,
provided he had been successful; nor do we
think that suit weighed one feather with any
person in the decision that was made. Nothing
but the conduct of Kitchell towards our slave
population, and a determination on our part to
protect our interest at all hazards, induced us
to treat him as we did; and we are resolved to
treat all such persons in the same manner, when
ever they pass this way, let them hail from
where they may. We are n< ov done with the
gentleman; if liis friends are not satisfied, they
can adopt any course they may think best, to
revenge the injury he lias sustained.
JOHN T. C. TOWN,
THOMAS J. SMITH,
JOSEPH C. WHITE,
LEWIS PALMER,
JAMES JOHNSTON,
Committee on the part of the citizens
of Hillsborough and vicinity.
COPT OF CF.RTIFICATE.
Oakmulgee Academy, August 20, 1833.
This may certify tiiat Mr. A. \V. Kitchell
was employed in our academy the past year,
and that lie discharged the duties of the acade
my with acceptance. We regret exceedingly
that our funds are not sufficient to engage him
the ensuing year. Wo think Mr. Kitchell a
good scholar, and well qualified to give instruc
tion in all the brandies of popular education.
HENRY BUNN, Esq.,
I)r. IRA DUPREE,
II. II. TARVER, Esq.
The Fetlernl Union, Augusts Constitutionalist, Richmond
Whig, United Slates'Telegraph, and other papers friendly
to Southern rigiits, will give publicity to the foregoing.
Cherokee Affairs.—We copy the follow
ing information, respecting our Cherokee
concerns, from the Dahloncga Recorder,
of September 24.
“Under a provision of the late treaty'
with the Cherokee Indians, pointing out
the manner oi obtaining the value of In
dian improvements, and providing for
their payment, we understand the Chero
kee country, embraced in that treatv, has
been divided into four districts. * That
part of it within the limits of Georgia, is
designated as the first district. That
within Alabama, the second—that within
Tennessee, the third—anil that within
North Carolina, the fourth. These dis
tricts are again subdivided. Floyd and
Walker counties, constitute the first dis
trict of Georgia. Paulding, Cass and
Murray', the second; Cobb, Cherokee and
Gilmer, the third; and Forsyth, Lumpkin
nnd Union the fourth. For each of these
subdivided districts, two valuing agents
have been appointed. For the fourth,
embracing the counties of Forsyth, Lump
kin and Union, colonel Nathan L. Hutch
ins, of Gwinnett, and colonel Josiah
Shaw, of Lumpkin, have been appointed
by the agent of Cherokee removals
jor B. F. Curry. These gentlemen’}!^ 1 ’
entered uj>on the duties assigned ti .'' C
and are giving enlire satisfaction to
concerned. The selection of those„ *
tlcmen, wc have no doubt, will tneet’fl 1 *
approbation of the community, and wT
we are certain, reflect much credit on fl ’
agent, whose untiring perseverencc ^
the consummation of the treaty, an( j 111
movalof the Indians west, deserves ., n j
will receive the highest cointnentlafi,,,,
from the people of Georgia.”
“’Tist he uar-spansled banner.oh, long may n w „ y
“O’er the land of the free and the home of t hr brave *
FEDERAL UNION.
BIUEDGETILI.E, OCT. 11, 1836.
UNION DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICAN !
TICKET.
FOR rtlESIPEXT,
MARTIN VAN BURE&
FOR VICF.-FRF.SIDEXT,
R. 31. JOHNSON.
ELECTOE.U TICKET.
THOM AS ANDERSON, of Franklm,
WILLIAM B. BULLOCH, of Chatham,
SAMUEL GROVES, of Madison,
THOMAS HAYNES, of Baldwin,
REUBEN JORDAN, of Jasper,
PITT MILNER, of Monroe,
WILLIAM PEATICOST, oj Jackson
JOHN RAWLS, of Pulaski,
THOMAS SPALDING, of M'lutosh,
WILLIAM B. WOFFORD, of Habersham
THOMAS WOOTEN, of Wilkes.
VACANCY IN CONGRESS.—Our rea. •
dors will observe, that a representative in con.
gress, to fill tiie vacancy occasioned bv the |
deatli of the lamented Coffee, will be elected at
the same time with the electors of president on
the FIRST Monday in November. We an.
nounce the name of GEN. JOHN W. A. SAN.
FORD ns a candidate. At a very large
meeting of the Union parly', held in Milled"?,
vilie, during the session of the legislature, ui
1834, Gen. Sanford was nominated as a can.
didate for congress; and on this nomination, m
1835, he was elected, in unison with the pm.
sent members, by a handsome majority. At
ter his election, he resigned, because engage!
in a contract for the emigration of the Crc*‘k
Indians. These public, repeated, and decisive
demonstrations of public opinion in his favor,
induce us at this time to recommend his name to
the party, as a candidate to fill the vacancy.
VACANCIES IN THE ELECTORAL
TICKET.—We have waited for expressions of
public opinion in the selection of gentlemen to
fill the vacancies in the Union Democratic
Electoral Ticket, occasioned by the withdrawal
of General Watson and Governor Lumpkin;
and have therefore hitherto forborne to an.
nounce in the Federal Union, any names fur
those vacancies. Public opinion has now suffi.
ciently indicated PI FT MILNER, Esquire, of
Monroe, and JOHN RAV\ LS, Esquire, of
Pulaski, as candidates of the parlv for that high
and honorable trust; and men more worthy of
its confidence and esteem could not be found.—
They are in virtue and intelligence worthy
companions of those distinguished patriots, with
whom they are associated on the electoral
ticket.
In the mean time, General Ford of Early,
whose name had been recommended to the
par y by his friends, with a generous anti,
iety to prevent any collision in the selection nf
candidates, had requested us to state, that he
declined this high honor.
DIED, at liis residence in Telfair county,
General JOHN COFFEE, a representative
from Georgia in the congress of the United
States. He w;ts a mail of mild and affable
temper, calm, deliberate, and prudent. In the
decease of this virtuous man the State lias sus
tained a severe bereavement.
DIED, at Eatonton, CHARLES P. G0R-
DON Esq., a virtuous man, and a distinguish
ed jurist.
BALD W INELHCTUJNri —The Shite
Rights’ party' have gained the senator and
one representative in this county. We W&
have sustained a partial defeat in const- a™*
quence ol defection from our ranks.—
8ime members of the Union party ac- I
tively opposed the election of MICHAEL *
J KENAN, Esq., the Union candidate $99 j
for senate; and the effect of this move
ment was, to give to General D- B.
MITCHELL, the State Rights’ candi
date, a majority of fourover Mr. KENAN;
whose election, but for this double opposi
tion, would have been easy and triumph
ant.
CENTRAL BANK.—WILLIAM J.
DAVIS Esq. has resigned the office of
Teller of the Central Bank, and AL
FRED M. NISBET Esq., Lite Discount
Clerk, has been appointed to fill the va
cancy. GEORGE R. MURDOCH Esq.
has been appointed Discount Clerk.—
BENJAMIN H. RUNNELS Esq. has
resigned the office of Book Keeper.
PENITENTIARY, GEN. JOHN'
BATES, of Hall, has been appointed
PRINCIPAL KEEPER of the Peniten
tiary, WILKINS HUNT Esq. having
resigned that office.
JUDGE WHITE AND THE FREE
NEGRO. For the statement that
JUDGE WHITE walked arm in at®
with a free negro to an election, the Stan
dard of Union gives BENJAMIN L.
LESTER, Esq., as its author. Mr. LET
TER resides in Baldwin, and is well
known to the people of tin’s county, as a
gentleman of great worth and respecta
bility. His word is entitled to implicit
confidence. After this act of degrading
and familiar equality with a free negro,
in a State in which Africans are held ®
slavery', we hope that the partisans ot
JUDGE WHITE will have the decencv
to cease their vituperation of Mr. N AN
BUREN for voting to permit a very small
portion of the free negroes to vote in a
State in which no part of that race is held
in slavery. If they have been sincere in
their professions, they will feel constrain
ed to abandon JUDGE WHITE.
What a low and disgusting spectacle
did he exhibit? Where were then the deli
cacy', and the purity, and the loftiness of
his character, when, for a single vote, he
could thus debase himself, and outrage
the feelings of a decent community?
ANOTHER FALSE ACCUSATION
EXPOSED.—-To take up and refute all
the false accusations against Mr. \ an Bn-
i would be a:i endless labor. Those