Newspaper Page Text
.1'. tv
' ■ -X;4 »\
'.",- ' ’ >' ■> ’ ff
:iiidoiK'V th.;
l/llilV'.J i7‘-i
late mi a war with a savago foe,
])cr instantly t<> pn -c Itetworn
against //«■.. . . ; ' •>
ever, and i.')
I ho president ot iff
tire orders of the officers appointed over
inc, according to - •
war.
1 have been -i< t’lal 1 1 by la ■ .- inn- zeat
iu my efforts to protect lh° {«’• il! '
western frontier, as that with which J was
jUiimatSfi and sustained twenty-one years
past, hi the prot iclion of the people of
the srcstl an i i mgn m Stxiteof
York.
1 was awar§ that nvy measures a i)
plan of o;> ‘ration ’ -re unfashi - . i! lc
and tinpopul ir, because they wfer d * v...
from ihc’C^periencc of such as W-a -1—•
ton, Wayne, and ri . dby, art'd (I. E.
Clark, and Adair, and Can phell, and
.Sevier, Iiolterts hi, C >kt< t, &ci &e. and
notfrom the sj)l vi !: 1 systems i ! Nnp ;
which, thou fo jultnirafilc m Europe, n
ring tiie last, an 1 a f< w y ;ars
sent century, aiv wholly innpplx-nb •• 5-
our purposes at tito present lime—mor
especially for our operations agai
ili;mis. My plans were, as they had
been, predicate*i upon the supposition t! at
whene.uever then; is good reason to calcu-
is pro-
the red
in in an I winlc man tin effective force,
and thus to commence the work ot pro
tection, if possible, before the work of
deflation shall have begun. Ry this means
protection is atlbrded to the linns; citizen*,
rather than, as in Florida, to the ashes of
the slain. This is what J deem to be that
protection which the constitution of the
United States guaranties to all the people
of the United States.
I am well a ware tint if by this kind of
protection the frontier is preserved from
attack, there will always be found in our
beloved laud of freedom, managers of
elections, and oilier interested men, ready
ami willing to swear tb tc was no dang r.
For example, suppose 1 ha d a year ago,
•proclaimed that the people of Fast I loridu
could not be protected without two bat
talions being added to the slender three
then scattered over the extensive frontior
of die territory, separated !>y a wilderness
of near twenty thousand square miles in.
extent.; 1 should have been deem d erazy
—at least by those who were unwilling to
incur the expenses or trouble of an occa
sional military movem ".it, until the pro
gress of’the war leaves little or nothing
to protect but an extended rain—a howl
ing wilderness. Or, it J had failed to ,'iy
to the assistance of the frontier, after
hearing of the murders of December la a,
is it not more, than probable that the. per
sons who have been pleased to censure
me, would have felt themselves i qurilly
authorized to disapprove and censure my
omission:
I will only add that, if I did not hold
myself always ready to risk my populari
ty and my life, in the honest discharge of
mv duty i:i the national defence, I should
feel that 1 was unworthy the trust reposed
war, and unworthy of being a citizen of
the United Slates, or a citizen of Virginia; of
Tennessee, or of Mobile,
I am happy to have it in mv power to
inform you that my hcnlihhas never been
better than it has been during the last five
months. 1 was afflicted with a bad cold
fora few days •during the early part of
May, but I have never been confine.! to
my tent or Jo a room, live days, by : : k-
nessofany kind, during the last tony
And it was a mistake, unintentional, 1 an;
sure, that I have ever .polled for a fur
lough to visit, any springs for the benefit
of mv own health. 1 did apply for j*er-
mission to accompany my wife to the
springs, when I believed the frontier in no
danger.
Your friend and ti How-citizen,
EDM UYD P. GAINES.
To John F. llccn tt, and others.
From the Charleston, Courier, Glh inst.
Interesting j rout Honda.—Colonel Ran
dall, late adjutant and inspector-general
of the army in Florida, but who retiree
from the service on the near approach of
the session ol the Court of Appeals tit
Florida, (of which he is the presiding
judge,) armed at this city yesterday, in
the steam packet Dolphin, irom St. Au
gustin". We are indebted to him for the
following interesting particulars of iff
movements of the army in that territory.
Colonel Ran lad is the bearer of des
patches from governor Cali to the depart
ment at Washington.
Friday, No,ember 11th, the army, com
posed of the Tennessee brigade, about
nine hundred and fifty strong, of about
three hundred and litre regular troops,
two hundred Floridians, and the regiment
*»t Creek volunteers of about six hundred
warriors, march, d from Fort Dram; in
pursuit of the enemy. On tire 12th the
arinv encamped within three mites of the
With! acooehee, and opposite- the point
where the passage of the river was at
tempted on the 1.5th of tiie preceding
month. Preparations were made for
forcing a passage on the following morn
ing.
On the next day, (13th) the Tennessee
volunteers applied for, and were on the
point of obtaining the honor of foreino the
passage of the stream at the point., where
a month before, tiie high waters had
balllcd the ir attempt, when it being re
ported that, the enemy had retired, they
were detached to make an attack on the
Negro town to the left, where also an in
effectual elibrt had been previously made
to cross, which had been prevented bv
the cause above mentioned.
The regiment of Creek Indians then
supported by the greater part of the regu
lar troops, the whole under the command
of colonel Pierce, then crossed the river
with no opposition from the enemy, but at
immense danger and peril from the in
trinsic difficulties of the passage, the river
although about four feet lower than on the
firmer visit of the army, presenting still a
most formidable and ding, runs obstacle.
It was about two hundred and twenty
yards wide, deep at all point s arid swimm
ing for about fifty yards, with a dense
fwamp on either bank; Four of the. regu
lar troops were drowned in eflectin'Mts
passage.
On a report tnat trails of the enemy
were discovered on the opposite bank, the
commander-in-chief crossed the river
with the mounted men under command
of colonel V* irren. No enemy, however,
j ior ‘soil e (lays by tt
! wlii... tr:..is wet- . it
j Odd,i v. 1 ! I the V. dll Sw;:.. :
appearance of recent habitation or cm
.ion was \ jstole. !
The 1: i: di.i *m, unoer
mug, encountered noopp
the cree
?p
• ilive 'll ; i'oSS i j •■till*! Uji ti. Cor
, a! 'I: ■ s .:ont.— | I f. ! -r
the ground and the open j tionsNverc borne !’
our troops, together witii i utmost patience, a:
. ... charg ■, niuiu prevent- j from th • etv to :
ibtaining a decided i long 'as possible.
‘ e£
enemy in erossiiiL
wn.
Th 1 ere
th<
hprse
was (i ■<
lone
it two well built ii-
the opposite side:
■ retreated to the
rom the report of
rm negro, left at tl.
it was ascertainec
crossed'it, bu
dian towns
which the brigad.
near the river. 1
and in
enemy
r<fo-
rf x'
<w *'
... ... . . ... ■ •• • -------
11s-wl . ajl
th oPing aito j and i. ar 1 to
from three si
The extent <
’ ^ J < H tiCl l tk-Pil 1 ^
ntion from mo j cxi the ent my irom obtaining a decided j tong as p!
or the Negro j a Ivant ir..- irom their p-ishloi! an ! nuim ri- I earn;-ai•: n are, that'' .• strong holds ■ t
j cal superiority. j enemy, ti:- Cove of the Wiihlaeooe
"di svciui i No terms can do justice to the galkuitry j and the Wall '-".have bean penetrated, and
rousattTe’s rev of die troop Wherever I morose?, ■xplpred hitherto tihinvad
the enemy could be found, they were our armies. The enemy have be
A
r—rrr
"‘rsr.-rm- zrsxs'&artqwu
d even chc
iilinuc the
i rations,
. ;>in was
.;e privi-
with the
erfulness,
contest as
is of this
.1
by
tor the Waiioo t Rwamp on tin ap
proach of our army, currying with them
alter
camp ,
mold ;
iace by the
.it they had
,p
ill their pr
same sourei
jus alfitirs (
river and tb
had been at
fast thirtV-t
*•
i.'perfy ami c^rn.
:• we' learnt that, a
if the loth of Oct;
in
the
her,
the
the
mv
the
were ! uen
theencinv in ( very direction bv which he
con
ii
lo-y
e ol the regu
oLincI War,
red to pass
ars,
out
with two hundred and fin
the Creek regiment and c
mounted men, were ordc
of the cove, by the only practicable cut
let m that direction, and after fully ex
ploring the country south and west of the
river, to reunite with the army about the
UMh or 20th, near Dade’s battle-ground.
The command'er-in-c!iicf, re-crossing the
rivcf,marched wit!: the Tc nnesseedirignde,
two companies of artillery and the Florida
infantry, and with the whole wagon train,
m search of the enemy, on the north side
of the river, and towards the YvTihoo
swamp. Both divisions marched on the
! fit 11; on the .1
of the enemy wa
line of march of
of the Team;
about noon a lari
party
discovered near the
ie main army, eueamp-
nao. k. The first regiment
ee volunteers, undercolonel
Bradford, tliey constituting the right, was
instantly detached under the immediate
command of general Armstrong, to attack
the, enemy, then distant about four hun
dred yards. Flic enemy, though surpris
ed, had time to withdraw themselves
a portion of their property into
aiul
in
am:
d
lock
mu
ailioin-
swamp, wnere tin y
awaitcri the ajiproaeh of our men, who
advanced rapidly to the encounter. Be
fore the troops could dismount, they were
received with a severe fire from-the ene
my, which was promptly returned. Tiie
fight was vigorously maintained bv the
; aciny firing from th ir covert upon our
troops, but upon a charge being ordered
"ud promptly executed by cur mu, in
lost gallant manner, the enemy pre-
>Ur.y lied, leaving twenty dead in the
!, and all their hors*'
. Other dead and a gra
iik d were canicd uii'bt
the
mu bag-
UiiiOvT Oi
a- ciurin^
W ni
g'>S
won
th e fight, as m healed by uumc-ruu* bloody
trails. The pursuit was continued! y our
men, waist deep in water and-mud, as
long as the traces of the enemy could be
followed.
At the beginning of the action, two
companies ol the 2d regiment and the
companies of spies afterwards, were de
tached to the left, to cut off ihc retreat of
the enemy, but the nature of the country
prevented ail etjoctual pursuit, b he ene
my were supposed to amount to irom one
hundred and filly to two I.
()ar 1 i -s was one hi
lumLreu.
u.l ten v
inl
ine
n;,;
A ili
unit attair, in wmeh both oliicers ami meii
behaved with the utmost snirit and in
trepidity. After bringing off' our killed
and. wounded, the army moved four miles
on its route mid encamped. ()n the ISth,
the commanuer-m-cniet, after leaviimthe
wagon train under a strong guard, march
ed at the head of about five hundred and
fifty Tennesseeans, consisting of colonel
Trousdale’s regiment, principally on foot,
and a part of the 1st regiment, and the
company of spies, all under the immedi
ate command ol general Armstrong, into
the YV ahoo swamp. About three miles
from the camp, they struck into a large
Indian trail, which led to the left, through
two deuse hammocks, and over two
ueeks, into a Ian
id, surrounded on
Tiie enemv,
1 to have just
to
was found; the oiw liv l liei-i; i•*! j occupied by ?f. •
throe sides by hammoc.
o:i our approach, were far
deserted the position, having set fire
their houses, which v. ere th, n b iruing.—
Ev; lenceof their pr senee in the ham
mock in front, was soon afforded, u.-.d
the line was quickly famed to attack
them.
The infantry, under colonel Trousdale,
were funned in open order to charge into
the hammock, while the horsemen to the
right and left were thrown back to protect
the flank, and to act as a corps of reserve.
Before our troops bad received their final
orders to advance, they were saluted with
a tremendous firing along their whole
front, from the opposite haulmock. After
exchanging shots with the enemy lor a
short time, uid slowly advancing upon
them, on receiving the order to charge,
our troops rushed forward with a shout to
the wood, and were soon closely engaged
ina deadly combat. Nearly at the same
moment, a heavy lire was opened on both
flanks, and, soon after, a large party of the
enemy—at least fifty in number—boldly
flanked and attacked the rear. Foil t
the courageous example of their comrades
in the front, the horsemen on the right and
left, quickly dismounted and charged into
the wood. The action was maintained
on all sides, with great animation and
effect, ior about forty or fifty minutes,
when the enemy was defeated at all
points. A small company of men, com
manded by captain Fletcher, being led off
from tiie left Hank, charged down and
dispersed the enemy in the rear. The
enemy in front were driven completely
through the hammock; and pursued so
long as they could be seen or heard, after
which we retired in good order from the
held, bringing off the dead and wounded;
our loss was three killed and fifteen
wounded. I 1 he enemy left twenty-five
dead on tnc field and others were doubt
less carried off; of their wound 1 we could
form no estimate. This was rcaliv 1 most
brilliant affair. The enemy could not
have been less than from six hundred to
seven hundred men. At the same moment
their fire covered our entire front and
both flanks, while a large party openly
xhibited themselves in the rear. \» the
point of ground in the centre of the fi. hl.
promptly charged upon, and followed | fetued in
even to the very depths of their hammocks i
and swamps. Thus ended the first battle
of the Wahoo swamp. The lateness ol
the hmtr, ignorance of the country, the
fatigue of the men, and the exhaustion of
their ammunition, prevented the array
from following up the advantage. The
ly was marched 1 mk to camp, whii h
it reached at. a late hour of the night.
,i xt y, the : army
marched to the place oj(pointed for its ooast Turt, in
ion with the right division, under country, er
-ol ..nc! ill. see, near Dade’s batik ground, j mense bag
' m more liavor; efor 1 ; i, cl
undiluted on the \Yahoo swamp, any instance
jveml bi
wit a
eat
Our troops have now shown them
the swamps nor the ham-
that net
mocks, with a numerical superiority, a.fi
ord . ifety or defence, and th :t noth
ing can ensure them escape; but some im
passable barriers of nature—that ade-
iplies of provisions to which the
a n contribute nothing, alone were
to enable our troops to destroy
qunu
coin
want
Lurou:
w;
m-
upo:
altar
This
juncture was effected i
tin i preparations were
tie the next
then made
g e tn
d to
cut
ae enemy, on no
it; nor did be, jn
ay of its dpta* h-
further learn that
ments or convoys,
the army is now at \'olusia, receiving am-
fiir a 1 ty inroad into the swamp, which i pie supplies of provisions, and that fresh
alone, the reduced state of supplies w
justify.
On the 21st, after leaving a sufficient
guard over the baggage train and wound-
army marc
m tnvee column;
mio the swamp—the iemicsscenns
ha
the. right, the regulars, with a lotud Yvar-
ren’s mounted men, the centre, under
colonel Firiee, avid the Creek regiment
tin left. <0 reaching the scene of con
flict of the lS;h, the enemv shpwcd them
selves ready, to renew the fight. The
Tennesseean^ and regulars fornvd on the
right and centre, and advanced steadily
towards the 3.a mined; in line of battle, and
were met by ji general fire from the ene
my o:i their whole front. Without paus
ing, and without firing a gun, they march
ed into the hammock and poured a de
structive fire ('ii the enemy. The charge
was irresistible; the enemy fled and
scattered.
Fo soon as the direction of their retreat
was discovered, colonel Pierce, with his
division and Creek Indians, were order
ed to pause, and, soon after, colonel
Trousdale, with his regiment, and colonel
Yfarivn, with the Florida horsemen, were
sent to support. The greater part of
of the regulars and the Tennesseeans un
fortunately look a trail to the right, by
which they became involved in an almost
impassable morass, where no horse couh 1
,],>n
where the men were v
in mud and water.
.nil W«r m- rveek T
fading breast
.y ot
nuians on tite
them
ft, led Le heutenant colonel Brown, tele
ga better path over firm ground, fid-
wed closely upon the enemy, and found
ugly posted in a cypress
swamp, with a deep creek in front, and
flanked by two deep boggy ponds; there
they were briskly charged upon bv the.
Creeks, and the gallant Major Moniac, in
attempting to cross the Creek, fell dead
iu the stream, and its waters closed over
him. Some others of the Indians tell at
the same time, and it was soon discovered
that the party was too small even to de
fend their own ground against the enemy
without a dew., rate struggle. Two com
panies ol Florida militia, unoer command
of Gapt. Groves and lieutenant Mvrick,
followed by some companies of artillery
under M < Gardiner, captains Tompkins,
Porter and lieutenant Lee, and by Col.
Waire, with his mounted men all coming
successively into action, enabled our men
to sustain the unc qual conflict.
A desporat stru ted, sustained
v. ith grf it anirn n on b< ith sides, \; hen
the superioi ily of our fire was soon exhi
bited. The arrival of Col. Pierce with
the reserve of bis battalion, and of Col.
Trousdale with the Tennesseeans, so soon
as they could extricate themselves from
the- morass, rendered their superiority
slid more apparent, and almost silenced
the fire of the enemy, yet the passage
was not wined, for all previous attempts
to turn or p iss, it had failed, and its prac
ticability was unascertained. The hos-
were distinctly heard by the
inns cncour i< ing fhe ir v.*:r-
assuranecs that the whites
ui n m a .
same conclusion. The office!
luuouii'liny g.
tiie chiefs
friendly In
hors with
! would not
j lead to
in command of the troops engaged, do-
j cidcd that the attempt should not be
made at so late an hour of the day, with
an entire ignorance of the country behind,
and they accordingly withdrew their
men. After carrying off the dead, and
wounded, they retired without molesta
tion from the enemy, and were then or
dered by the commanding general to form
in the adjoining field.
In this last affair, our loss was consi
derable, compared with that of any pre
vious light; besides the heroic Moniac, two
of the Greek Indians were killed. Capt.
Ross, of the Marines, commanding a com
pany in the same regiment, was severely
wounded in the thigh. Five of the rggu-
lars were killed, and seven oftlicm wound
ed, including Capt. Maitland. The Ten
nesseeans sustained a loss of one killed,
and eight wounded. By far the greatest
loss, on our part, was sustained in the
last conflict, when our brave troops were,
for a long time, engaged in nn unequal
conflict with the enemy, before their com
rades could come to their support, and
when, during the wlioie time, they iiad to
contend against the greatest natural dis
advantages of position.
The loss of the enemy was ascertained
to be ten left dead on the field from which
they were routed; their loss on the other
side of the stream, cannot of course be
certainly known, but must of necessity
have been great, from the tremendous fire
poured iu upon them; the orders of their
chiefs, moreover, as heard by our Indi
ans, directing the disposition of their
dea d and wounded, furnish the testimony
of the enemy to the same conclusion—fif
ty at least must have fallen in the conflict.
The army having now exhausted the
last day that could lie. spared in pursuit
of the enemy, without risking actual star
vation, was compelled to return to the
camp, which it reached about ten at night;
it thence marched the next day for Volu
sia, where supplies had been previously
ordered, and which it read it'd on the
morning -d 1 Ik filth day. Before tlr.s l ist
Horses are Doing transported to lhatp ant,
to enable it speedily to enter upon another
expedition. The Tennessee brigade,
whose term of service will expire in this
month, are eagerly looking forward to an
other light with the. enemy on the Wilhla-
coochee, at which point it is proposed to
embark them ior their return to their
homes. Should e nn.ral Jesup. of whom
up. !' nan
Id
Tampa, be in a condition to follow up our
blow on the Withfitcooehee and Wahoo,
into the very heart of which our trails
will conduct him, the result may prove
d cis ive. Th* < inemy, w lakeni kI, defeat
ed and dispirited, can offer no effectual
resistance to the fine army commanded
by that able officer. On the other hand,
should the er: any have dispersed and re
treated on the night of the 21st, a- there
is great reason to suppose, from the nu
merous small trails discovered bv our
spies on the 22d, all conveying into one
huge trail, lending to the south mid east,
the route expected to be pursued bv gen
eral Jesun, ijrom Tampa Bay, i: is hoped
may bring him in contacts theflvirig
ban Is. in an open country, where their de-
: Uacti >n will be. inevitable.
At present, the army is engaged in re
constructing the stockade work and build
ings, at Volusia, to serve asa post and cle-
positef >r the army, and it will he ready in
a lew days, r i rc< < ive the ample s tpplies
of provisions into it from Black Creek.
Governor Call’s health is vet very fee
ble, I at he continui s to stm: gle a rain ;!
his disc rise, and to sustain hin self, i . e
midst of the most laborious duties and try
ing difficulties. He left Fort Prune jus?
after his recovery from a dangerous fever,
and soon after had twice to swim the
Witlilacoochee, and to encamp in the
Cove without tents, and almost without
fire, in cold ra'nv weather. His spirit
and zeal for the service sustains him in a
wonderful manner, midst the greatest suf
ferings and privations, under ar. extreme
prostration of bodily strength.
!i ■ set tli : ed of children,
i including stationary. „
! 1 may be met by the statement, that it
j is proposedrio appropriate the profits ot
: ■ rail nit* i to duration. ’ do not con-
j aider the gentlemen to be sincere. We
' should have grandchildren before the pro
fits would come in. Children who need
educate n would go down to the grave
waiting lor it. I am not opposed to this
work, but 1 claim a part of the money lor
other purposes.
1 put the question to gentlemen, i? it
best that the state should take the stock?
At least it is doubtful whether the state
should take all the stock. The state is
properly called a goose. All will pluck
her. But connect private with public in
terest, and ail will lie well regulated.—
What is every body’s business is no
body’s. Frauds will be practised. Tt
has always been so. If the rail road is
r--fita! ie, the stock wiil be taken up.—
- ri.ee a survey
... ‘rvii ; { r tb< tatc? Are
ig that the state should take so
much stock in these brunches? And are
they willing that the state should take as
much stock in the reads already establish
ed? This will test their sincerity.
This bill is of doubtful policy. I am a
Georgian. 1 would glory in seeing the
state connect the west with the east. But
I will not go blindfold. Will this plan be
accomplished? Shall we neglect educa
tion,- and all other objects? I hope at least
we shall not take all of our money for this
phut. .
Mr. Jcnhint. I consider this measure
as making the question, whether we will
employ da-s.; fun-Is in internal improve
ment. We are asked, do we know the
expense of this work which is proposed?
Delay is proposed until we make the sur
V r.F,
336.
'us rc-
>n-
mmtTI
HOUSE OF RF. *
Tuesdmj
The bill to appro j
venue apportion-::! t
struct ion of a rail n
see line, in the n irthwcsterri part of the
state, to the bank of the Chattahoochie, to
direct surveys of the route, S:c., being
ffr consideration, Mr. Merriwether
strike out th
T1X3
MINT at:
comber ti, 1
- e the sur f
re-rgia, to tl
from the T
cm
unoer
moved
ecliori: am
‘I I'
this is not the object. The
gentleman from Putnam has a plan of his
own; his motion presents the issue between
that plan, and this rail road project. Our
whole country is engaged in works of in
ternal improvement. The people are per
fectly alive to it. Look at the North and
the West. One look will put the older
states, ami ours among them, to the blush.
Seethe little state of Indiana. Shelias
pledged herself to the amount.of ten
millions of dollars for works of internal
improvement. But look at this project.
Every one knows tiie fertility of the
West. Her people are stagnating for
want of convenient markets, and tire
wooing the Atlantic states. ■Maryland
and Virginia are doing more than meet
them half way. They are crossing .the
mountains to the West. The great pro
jector rim Cincinnalti rail road originated
w.- re
lusmg,-
spend
in the West. Whii
and considering whether we woul
the people’s money, Carolina organized a
board, and took possession of the project.
Let this great occasion pass by, and the
West will be barred against us by our
own hands. If we dont execute this
work with the surplus revenue, we will
have to accomplish it by taxation, if we
ever do it at all. While the delegates
were at Knoxville, and Carolina asked for
a monopoly, Tennessee refused it of her
own accord. She did more. She grant
ed the Highwassee charter, with tt view
to a puss through Georgia. The dele
gates from north Alabama were there,
am! proposed to act with us on a plan al-
tical with that t ml.raced in this
bill.
I will tell my friend from Elbert, that
by tills plan we shall advance in mind. If
we let this opportunity
all be
■d his motion by some remarks
which we did nbf hear. Mr. Gordon of
Chatham replied to him; but we have no
report of his speech. He was followed
by
Mr. Davis of Elbert. I feel that 1 am
placed ina <J ,-h :ato situatioq^but a sense
ol duty constrains me. I feel zeal fir in
ternal .improvement; but it shall not carry
me so far ns to grasp at anything. I will
not consent to an appropriation foradoubt-
fiul measure. I wifi not consent to vote
away all onr money f r one, when there
are other projects. What will be the pro
bable cost of the work proposed? The
m im; ted .
it at two million cue hundred thousand I to be received by Georgia during the next
year may be sa fely calculated at one mill
ion seven hundred thousand dollars. New
cut off from the West by a moral barrier,
inferiority in intellect.
The gentleman from Putnam says, that
the fund asked ior is too small for tiie ob
ject. The l.-ill proposes the appropriation
of the surplus revenue alone, and not the
capital of the Central Bank, or any other
fund. They say, that if the surplus re
venue shall be insufficient, we will esk
for some other fund. Perhaps so. It will
be time to object, when we ask for it.
In the convention in Macon were men
who were well informed on this subject;
and they formed an estimate of the pro
bable exjieiise of this work. Thegentle-
n'um from Elbert sires, that their estimate
small. ITc
i were older
has differed from
and wiser than ei-
The esti-
ilc which ii: y made has been approved
■judicious men. The surplus revenue
in 'Hi had 1- cu umli iluker:, the tre
dollars. 1 think their estimate too low.—
But even at this rate, it will sweep away
every other plan, it will put your veto on
education, and every other improvement.
Why not accept the proposal merely to
survey the routes at this time? If you
pass this bill, you will present the anomaly
of a main trunk, not connected with any
branches. You have no security that the
branches ever will be built. Before this
work is undertaken, wc should have some
assurance, that the work in eon lectii
with it will be undertaken in Tennessee.
We are presented with an exUuoi binary
plan. A work is to be constructed in the
middle of a country. Suppose the com
pany that is * xoected to construct a
branch to Athens should find their rail
road unprofitable, and should desist from
their enterprize—the state will then have
to carry out the work to the sea-coast.—
Lotus first have some assurance that tiie
companies will construct the branches.
If this bill is passed without the amend
ment, it wiil defeat another important ob
ject. I have the cause of education near
ly at heart. I was pleased with remarks
made by friends of this bill yesterday.—
To enlighten the people is our first -duty.
If you perform this work,.and leave ti;;
people ignorant, they will not bo benefited
by it. 1 have proposed a plan for educa
tion, which I believe 1 shall bo able to
prove is practicable. Even if I had no
plan, 1 would, like the friends of this bill,
say, hold the money in reserve until a
plan is formed. Tiie plan which 1 have
proposed will benefit the poor. What
ever laws you pass, if the people arc not
virtuous, they will lie a dead letter. Our
property depends on the poor, ior they
form our juries. Tin v too control the
ballot box. It is important that the peo
ple should be enlightened. We should
bot vote away all our money, to the ex
clusion of education, and other important
objects. Admit that this plan is profita
ble, it should not exclude others. 1 think
! shall bn able to show tljff.lhe plan 1 pro
be * fleeto !. It tvii: defray rdl
>{»- 1 pose n
York proceeded in her great enterprize,
not in this way of calculating dollars and
cents. It is not suitable to die dignity of
the state to object to this measure, because
we cannot calculate within a hundred
thousand dollars of what it will cost.
The gentleman says, that we should,
not appropriate the states money on any
object for which we would not appro
priate our own money. I would willingly
appropriate funds of my own, it 1 had
them, to this project. But this principle
is wrong. The state appropriates her
mom v to the improvement of rivers, and
the gentleman would not employ his mon
ey in this way; for it would not yield a
profit. And the state is right; for she
does not appropriate her money solefy with
a view to a profit being returned. And
there is a chance that this rail road will
yield a profit. But gentlemen will refuse
to vote for this appropriation, and they
will the next day vote money for a river.
This is merely a capumdum argument.—
W e are cautioned to take care of the peo
ple's monev, or they will take care of us.
Yes sir, take care of the true interests of
our constituents.
The gentleman from Putnam says, that
he is not willing to make a bill of sale of
his constituents to monied corporations.—
By these monied corporations he must
mean the Athens Rail Road Company,
and the other companies that are expect
ed to construct branches from the main
trunk. How is a sale to be made to them?
The work will posr wealth into these cor
porations. IIow? By increasing travel
ling and transportation: and of course it
is by drawing these into the stale. They
must come over the trunk first, and en
rich the state. If it will enrich the corpo
rations, will it not in a greater degree en
rich the state?
The gentleman from Elbert says, that
it will take money from another Object. 1
value educatiqn, and so do inv const.itur
If I should not, I would find Itivsell
! very uncomfortable on my return to them,
ami would have to sink into some obscure
corner. The gentleman lias made him
self the champion of education; and he
for his z; al in its b< half.
But l.e m iv retard its course. If the rail
road does not prove profitable, all expe
rience goes for nothing. Let the princi
pal of the surplus revenue be invested in
this work; the profits to go to education.
The gentleman wants an investment; and
we propose to furnish him one. The gen
tleman is not yet ready. His plan is de
tective. It would be out of order to go
into an examination of it at this time; and
I will not. do so. But while we are con
structing ihe road, let commissioners be
appointed to examine the plans of other
states, and those practised in Europe; for
admirable plans of education are in use
in some parts of Europe. The state can
afford to practice this policy; and it will
dispense wealth to adults, and education
to children as they grow.
The gentleman from Elbert is afraid,
that if the branches are not constructed,
the state will lose the benefit of her work.
Not so. The rail road will pass through
a fertile country. W a goners will take up
the produce at its terminus, and carry on
a trade that will be profitable to the state.
He says, we have no assurance that
Tennessee will take up the work. Ten
nessee is already ahead of ns—this is the
shame. It only requires a bold heart to
go on with the work.
He sa vs, it should be left to the citizens
first to construct the branches. Not so.—
The state should first, act. She acts on
principles somewhat different from those
which actuate the citizens; not for money
only, but for tiie benefit of the people.—
He says, that education will benefit the
poor; and so will this road. As it enrich
es the wealthy, it must at the same time
benefit the poor.
He says, that he does not regard us as
sincere. Perhaps it is not proper to give
any answer to this very grave charge If
the gentleman claims sincerity for him
self, he should allow it to others. To the
predictions of the failure of this enter-
prize, I answer by referring to the pre
dictions of the failure of De Wit Clinton’s,
which were falsified by the glorious suc
cess of the New York enterprize.
The poor will be benefited by the la
bour employed, and the money expended
in constructing the road. The gentleman
says, that if it is profitable, individual en
terprize will engage in it, and accomplish
it. Individual enterprize in this state is
airedy heavily tasked bv the expenses of
the different roads on which it is employ
ed. He says, that the state will be de
frauded, that it. is the goose, and will be
plucked bv every one. I do not view the
state in this light: but as a kind parent,
seeking to dispense benefits on all her
children. He raises another objection,
which he seems to think is a poser. He
asks, if we will take an equal quantity of
stock in the companies already created?
To whom does he address this question?
Those companies are not represented
here. Without their consent, we cannot
interfere with their stock. The question
is improperly put, as there is no person
here to answer it.
sec, too-.re < the oat re » to, a T i
u1 ' V ' i vote! «■ yj^ pi* 9 ,!
**>t. Tiie Electors made choice ofv“'
King, Esq. of the coustv . f Greene * p -'
on-the electoral v<;n of (fferffn. ’ Carr . v
Thursday, December a u v
Bills introduced. ’
By Mr. Honkins, to incorporate tl,.. i>
St. Mary’s. ^ i
Mr. Folk, to add a part of J ccks0Q
county of b rankhn.
Mr. Hines of Bryan, to establish a com
under the name of the Savannah and (v , '
Steam Packet Company.
Bills passed.
To direct the deposhe of the fund to h • _
nved from this Slate from the surplus, ^ 1
of the United States, and to reeuHtnrP^ ,1
To incoporate the. Method,'* I
1 * r
Church Camp Ground in Merriw-eiher
To regulate the fees of pilots fonheT'' H
ports ol this State. 3e,e, ii tl
county.
ao a,tei me time of holding the
of
s "pori,, 9
('Person, fi
* to the fall
• nd Jacob Purcell /
!n 10 county ,
courts of the countie -_„ woull .
and Scriven, so far as relatraTo thTftlS? 1
i o ad i Bern.i 1 r - • •• > ' • ••
the county of i i,
Franklin.
Bill
t ejected.
To repeal the first, second, third, fo !r < W ,
ninth sections oi an act to regulate the Hr *
of Physicians to practice in'lj SmJ ^ ,
2tnh December, 1323, ami the seventeen ^ R
eighteenth sections of the tenth division of I
penal code, passed 23d December re- i s ’. I
as they subject to fine and imprison,ne’nt £ [f
sons practising medicine consisting of A, I
preparations and to relieve said V-rsr.iw |>T "
other ^disabilities of the-sections aforesaid Ji
to autuorize them to practice and collect ure
certain restrictions. ' r
[ I his bill was lost bv
34, noes 3.
A\ ES Blackman,* Braceweli,* Coch
Cone * Conyers,* Cooper,* Dean,* I> u „„, :ui . n
bchols ot Coweta. Furiss,* Gibson, 5 U, lca ’. "
Holmes of Baker* Holmes of Early * R*in« V
Crawford,* King of Faycte,* La whoa, Law!
son, Lidueli, i.PConnei], Morgan,* Pike* I
Polk of Madison,* Powell of M-Intosh’p p 0 * f ' I
of Talbot,*t Robson,* Rutherford, Shotwclfi ■
by a majority of 1— aTB
run.*
Smith of Floyd* Smith of TwkgsffSunvncr ■
Swam,* Wharton, Wood—34*, of whom l i sa V
men, and:
I,ItGI8I.A.TX’ilE OF €SE©KCIA.‘
JN SENATE,
Monday, December 1836.
On motion ol Mr. Liddell, the senate recon
sidered so much of tiie journals of Saturday, ;-s
relates to the rejection of the bill to alter and
amend a part of the first section of the third
article of the constitution of this State.
On motion of Mr. Mitchell of Clark,
Resolved, That the electors of president and
vice-president be inv ited to lake seats in the
senate chamber during their stay in Milledge-
ville, and to be allowed the use of the senate
chamber at 12 o’clock, M., on Wednesday
next.
Bills introduced.
Mr. Reese, to amend the law, passed 1511,
forming the Senntus Academicus.
Mr. Liddell, to extend to certain persons
therein named, being decendants of Cherokees,
the rights, privileges and franchises of citizens
of Georgia.
BILLS PASSED.
To reduce the fees on the grants in the late
gold lois and fractions.
'I'o remove the public buildings front Hart
ford to I lawkinsville, and appoint commissioners 1 -fin, am: to • :
for the same.
To amend the charter of the Columbus Life
Insurance and Trust Company, and to increase
its capital and define its powers and liabilites.
Bill rejected.
To manumit and set free negro man Daniel,
the property of Alfred Skinner.
To prevent the circulation of bank bills un
der the denomination of twenty dollars.
Tuesday, December 0, 1836.
BILLS PASSED.
To incorporate the Bank of Brunswick, to be
located at Brunswick.
To incorporate the Merchants’and Insurance
and Trust Company of Macon.
To amend the apt incorporating the Insurance
Batik of Columbus.
To incorporate the Savannah Insurance and
Trust Company.
To incorporate the Savannah and Augusta
Steam Boat Company.
To provide for closing the business of the late
Mayor’s court of the city of Macon.
'i'o incorporate Summer Retreat Academy iu I
the county of Muscogee.
To incorporate tire Female Academy at
Lincolnton.
To regulate vendue masters in the town of
St. Mary’s.
Bill rejected.
To grant to William Cumming and Henry F.
Young, for a term of years, a tract of land near
Macon for a race course.
Wednesday, December 7,1S36.
Bills passed.
To incorporate the Macon and Columbus
Merchants’ Insurance and Trust companies.
To repeal an act to remove and make per
manent the county site of Paulding county.
To incorporate Fayetteville Academy in die
county of Fayette, atiu appoint trustees for the
same.
To authorise the justices of the inferior court
of Burke to levy' an extra tax for county purpo
ses.
To compensate the jurors of Burke county.
To manumit and set free a negro boy eight
years old named Dennis, the property of Thom
as J Holmes.
To incorporate a manufacturing company in
the county of Harris.
Bill introduced.
By Mr. Mitchell of Baldwin, to incorporate a
company to be called the President and Direct
ors of the People's Line of ritages.
The Electors for President and \ ice Presi
dent met, this day, at twelve o’clock, in the se
nate chamber, and proceeded to the election: of
President and Vice President of the United
Suites, wtiou Hugh Lawson White of FoLinos.
Wharton, Wood-
regular doctor, 4 are state right
Union men.
N.WS—B-all of Carro'!,* Beall o 1 ’W
kinsmi,* Barks.' 5 Bush,* Bun. Cowart. Flow
of Morgan, Floyd of Newton, Frmnan*+ Fill!
wood,* Goode, Hardeman, Harris,* Hines ..f
Bryan, Heard, Hopkins, Hudson, Hutchings,*
Ingram,j" Janes,-f- Johnson,* Lamar, Lawshe,*
Mi’chell of Baldwin, Mitchell of Clark, Jl'AI.
lister,* M'Lcod,* Moseley, Reese, f Reynolds,
Rogers* Sagcar, Smith of Habersham,* \V a j’ |
tliad,' Wammur, V alker,* Whitt', Williams,!
—38, ol whom ■> are r< guiar doctors, 19 slat,
rights men, and 16 union men.
* Union men.—f Regular Physicians.]
Friday, December 9, 1838.
Bills reconsidered.
The hill to direct tho deposit.* of the fond
to be divided to 11is Suite from the surplus Ft.
venuo o: the United Slat v, nn.l to regulate l!»
same,
Re repeal tho first, second, third, fourth ail
ninth sections of jin unto regulate the licensing
of Physicians to practice iu this State, pas*;
24'h December, 1825, and the seventeenth and
eiglrfeenth sections of the tenth division of the
penal code, passed 23d December, is:’:}, s» far
as they subject to fine and imprisonment per
sons practising medicine C"i:sisuog of vegpiable
preparations, and to relieve said persons from
other disabilities ol the sections aforesaid, and to
authorize them to practice and collect under
certain restiietions.
f Ak —Beall nf (,'arroll,* Blac..r,,nn,*
Bond, Bract-well,* Bush,* Cuchrnn,* Cone,*
Cooper,* Curry, Dean,* Dunagan,* Echols #1
Coweta,* Furiss,* Gibson,* Gresham, (Jurss,*
th lines of Baker,* Holm, s of Early,* John,
son,* King of Crawiord,’ 1 King of Fayette,*
Lawhon. Lawson, Liddell,* M‘Con»e!l,* .M 1 -
Lcodff "fitch. !■ • f CtarK, .Morgan,* Mindy.*
Pike,* Polk of fi.j.i i of M-lutosh,"
Powei! of T--R : ' e, ' Robson,* Ru.
thru-ford, Shorn I!,* of Flovd,* Smith ff •
Twiggs,* Currency, Swain,* Walthall,* Hul.
son,* Woodfi—11, of whom one is a regular
doctor, 8 are state rights men, and 36 uniur,
men.
N AYS—Burks,* Flovd of Morgan, I-'lovd ef
Newton, Freeman, 3 f Fulwood,* Goode, Har
deman, Harris,* Hines of Bryan, Hinas of Li
berty, Heard, Hupk .is, Hudson, Hutchings,*
fngraui.f Janes,tJj .n.-.r, L iwsho,* M’AlIister,* I
Mitchell of Baldwin, i i!k of Irwin,* Reese,f’ I
Reynolds, Rogers,* F Smith of Halier- I
sham,* Stockton, Walker,' Wharton,* White, I
U iiliains.f W right.—32, of whom 5 arc regu- I
hr doctors, ly state righis’nien, and 13 union ■
men.
* Union men—f Regular Physicians.]
Bill ini; minced.
To provide more effoctually fir the defence
of the Slate by organizing, arming and caiub-
lisiiing one uniform s\ - *m in the State of (Jeor-
iie f> r the i ’scij line of the same.
Billpassed.
T ■*-.-!• rating the Chatta
hoochee Rail Ri.au C iinpanv, and to give said
company banking privileges.
Saturday, December 10, 1836.
Mr. M’AlIister introduced a bill to prevent
the selling or giving spirituous liquor-: to t™
Cherokee Indians in the several counties enu
merated therein, and to piftiish such persons as
may violate its provisions.
Mr. Butt, to provide for the call of a conven
tion to reduce the number of the General As
sembly of the State of Georgia, and for other
purposes therein named.
Bill rejected.
To alter and amend an act to incorporate tho
Bank of Darien, passed 15th December, 181L
and all acts amendatory thereto.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
Saturday, December 3, 1'36-
Bills read Jirst time.
Reported by Mr. Foard from Cherokwri®
incorporate the Cherokee Hangers.
Mr. M‘Kiniey, to exempt printers from
t:a duty in time of peace.
Mr. J. B. Lamar, to establish the Commer
cial Bank at Macon.
Mr. M'Carther, to authorize Appleton H ;l P
good of Montgomery to establish a ferry ttcros*
the Oconee, on his own land.
Mr. Billloch, to amend the laws to prevent
bringing contagious disorders into the state-
Mr. Campbell, to regulate the duties of tt |e
officers of the Central Bank m certain cases.
Air. Burns, to authorize a loan to the in
spectors of the Penitentiary lor certain purposes-
Mr. Miller, to amend the law iu relation*>
the foreclosure of mortgages on real estates.
Mr. Miller, to incorporate the Citizens Ban*.
Mr. J. Ii. Lamar, lo authorize the infen° f
court of Bibb to levy an extra tax to bull 1
jail.
Mr. Blackshear of Lowndes, to appropriate
rtionev fbr the improvement of uio^ W ithlaeo°
chee river.
Bills passed.
To provide for the election of a public pria
ter, anil to regulate the printing required by t ,e
legislature.
To repeal part of tho 1st section of the n
for the distribution of estates, to provide for r® ^
humous children, and to regulate the tnodv 0
lending property to children.
To authorize the justices of the inferior cou
of Jones to levy an extra tax in order to builn
jail. , •„
To regulate certain election precincts t.ic
named.
Bill rejected. _ -
To’wtise bv lottery a sum to Raid a Dasw-