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CONGRESSIONAL.
THE OREGON TERRITORY.
The bill for ihe occupation and tcitlemsnt of (he Oregon
Territory came on its passage, as the unfinished business of
th’ Senate.
Mr McDuffie to e and addressed (he Senate. A wise
and prudent man, <«tid Mr. McD ) in any of (he various
departments of human affair*, would be very reluctant to
engage in any enterprise, however thoroughly satisfied of
his right to do so, until he should have well considered, first,
the appropriate time for its commencement; secondly, the
means by w hich it was l<» be accomplished, and il* probable
cost; and, finally, the benefits which were ultimately to re
sult from its acrompluhnieni And he must be permitted
to say, if the worthy Senator from Missouri, who had, with
so much xenl nnd ability presented this lull t*» ihe consider
ation of the Senate, had violated any ol the maxims of
sound policy, (as he humbly conceived lie had,) it had arisen
from ihe rirrnmatance of totally overlooking the considera
tions to which he had ju*i alluded. All ihoae Senators who
hod engaged in this discussion seemed to have limited I heir
investigations to w bat be was compelled to regard ns the
most unimportant of all th'* questions wltiflt tins measure
involves They had confined themselves to the mere ab
stract question of the right of title. They had argued the
question n* if the Senate of the United Slate* was the tri
bunal which was to adjust and determine the que»tion ot I lie
validity of the English nr American title; and as if this
was the only question to he determined. He believed no
Senator, who had taken part in this discussion, had exp e*«-
ed the slightest doubt as to the validity of the title of the
United States to the Territory of Oregon lie had investi
gated the subject ns fully and as thoroughly as the docu
mentary evidence to which lie had he n able lo obtain ac
cess had ermbfod him to do; and, with these lights before
him. he was free to declare that he regarded ihe title of the
United States, at least as far north ns the forty-ninth paral
lel of latitude, as one of the clearest lilies that was ever the
subject of national controversy. But, ni the same time that
he had made (hi* declaration, he Would be very furry !»> as
sume the responsibility of precipitating the nation into any
measure upon his own judgment, or the judgment of the
Senate, upon questions which ii did not belong to either to
determine. Gentlemen *«v m**J >o have forgotten that there
were two panic* interested in this question ; and ilinl, how
ever clear our title might appear lo us, theirs might appear
equally dear 10 the other party. Here was a case of joint
occupancy, nnd existing question ns to title. 1 he Senate
had seemed, throughout the whole discussion, !n assume that
ours wos Ihe true title, nnd were proceeding U|*on tint as
sumption ; although the Biitish, nt ihe same time, claimed
that their* was the true title. By whom were these con
flicting claims to be settled ? By one ol the interested par-
tie*? Certainly m t
A few words on the subject of the convention of 1818,
which h d been indefinitely prolonged I y that of 18*2*. He
concurred perfectly with those Senators who had main
tained thnt the provision of this net, which granted, or sti
pulated to gronf, allodial titles, or titles in fee simple, to all
those citizens of this country who might <migrate lo that
tf rrit< ry, wns n palpable violation of the convention. It
was in vain lo disguise the fact, whatever might he deter
mined in regard r<» this matter. They «*ere about to lake
possession of the territory, to establish a line of American
forts, nnd, by nil the means and npplinnees ol war, to de
fend that possession. They were about to invite the eiti-
Zens of this country to go th-re—not for the purpose of car
rying on the fur trade; not to do that which was consistent
with a joint occupancy by the two parties to the convention ;
hut to establish a t«ermanent settlement. The British gov
ernment and the British nation, however we might disguise
the fact in our argument* here, could not l»e so blind as not
to perceive the polpabh object of this m« nsure. He begged
to inquire of ;he worthy Si nntors who look ho deep nn in
terest in the file of this bill, what was ilie existing emer
gency which called upon ihe United Slate* to take this step.
The question, for tb»* last twenty-four yeara, had been al
lowed to slumber, w hile we were in the midst of the great
est national prosperity, with a treasury so abundantly sup
plied, that the wit and ingenuity of man could not find out
n irgifimate mode of disencumbering it of its superabundant
treasure. He called upon Senator* lo slate what was the
existing rmergenry, whir Ii demanded, now, that a measure
of this kind should be adopt* d. Why was it ilint they were
invoked at thi* moment—and, he must be permitted to say,
ibis inauspicious moment—to enter into a treasure of thi*
kind ? W by had it not hem done some twenty 3 ears ago,
or nt some subsequent period prior to the present ? He was
decidedly averse to rmbs 1 k in it now. What was iheron*
difion of our affairs in relation to England ? Had they al
ready forgotten that *nly the other day a momentous treaty
l.r.d been concluded w idi England, concerning one of the
most embarrassing cbflicultica that had arisen since the ter
mination of the late war? He would ask, liow, and nt
whose instance, was that adjustment made? It wns made
at the instance of that nation, concerning whose grasping
ambition no much had been said by gentlemen on this floor.
Wns it her ambition, her love of conquest, and the desire of
the acquisition of teriiiory, that induced England to send
to us the olive branch of p ace, in the fnim of an < xtrnordi-
nary mission ? Great Britain voluntarily moved in this
matter, and tendered to us the olive branch of peace; and
he thanked Cod our Government accepted it in the spirit in
winch it wns extended to us. He was not disposed to find
fault with the result of those negotiations. e\en if they bad
conrrded murli more territory than was conceded, had it
been done wiih the consent of the State immediately inter
ested, and consistency with the honor of the country. He
would rather that, peace should be made on almost any f**rm*,
than to go to war. 'I lie matter had been adjusted ; and ho
must be permitted to sny, that for the adjustment of this
question,if for nothing else, the people of the United States
own* tl a d»bt of Insiu g gratitude to the Administration by
whom thb»adjustment bad been #flirted ; and he would go
furiber.md sny.that every patriot in England and «he Uni
ted States, would shake hands and declare that the Gov* rn-
ment of each was indelmd to Ihe negotiators. lie thanked
God that the treaty bad been hroughi to a successful termi
nation. Well, sir, (said Mr M’d.) while congratulating our
selves on the termination of these gnat difficulties, at such
■ mom* nt ns this, what nre we about 10 do7 W bib n part
of our territorial boundary remained still to he adjusted—
while ihe question wn* still a subject of pending negotiation
between the two countries—the Senate of the United Slates,
a branch of the Legislature, intimately connected with the
Trerty-makirg , ,.wer, is about to adopt n military movement,
ir order to take military possession of the territory. Now,
however, we mny view this net, whatever interpretation we
may p'nreupoti it—I will ask, gentlemen, to assume to iliem-
scfvea for n moment, the position of the British ministry,
and imagine whut w*uld be the natural effect upon their
minds of a measure of this kind. $ir, they sent us the
olive branch of pence to adjust the most important difficulty.
Instead of reciprocating ihe otnicnhle spi it manifested by
them, we are about to send forth (he flaming sword of d* fi
ance—yes, at the very m<-m< nt our minister is instructed to
t rpotime for n reltlfmetit of the question, we match from
lh< ir hands the olive branch of peace, and place the sword
of d* finrce in its ste ad 1 hie may be strong language; hut
strong a* it is. it *s not stronger than ihe natural interpreta
tion which wilt he placed on our conduct, if this bill bo
yass«d, by Great Britain.
1 have ask* d. what is the emergency which demands the
passage of ibis lull ? is ilicre nny probability flint we shall
fml in the adjustment ol flie question by negotiation? If
f :rnihmen believe we shall fail, and thnt we shall ulnmnte-
) be under the necessity of r* sorting to force of nrms to es
tablish our title nnd maintain out oc* upation. this is an ad
ditional reason why ur should adopt no mmstire which in
iherstimatii u of llie civiliz'd world, and in our own. could
possibly place us in the wrong. I et us fairly and honora
bly try to negotiate. Let us try to adjust this boundary, ra
we have d< ne the oilier. And. os I think the title of the
United States is infinitely more dear than ilinl up* n which
the negotiant n has just t« uninntrd. I think the probability
ol ai amicable ndjusimei 1 is so much the greater. But gen
ii* men say we must pro end in this way — we must take pos-
ifss'on, bemuse the British are doing the same. 1 hey nro
making lodgments, establishing settlements, baking forward
lo the exclusive possession at some future period. Now, I
totally dissent from this opinion ; nnd if there is any one
conclusion to \» hi* li the docuiu* nts before lire Senate must
irresistibly hr 11 g the minds ol $* nntors, it is tl ni Grcai Bri
tain has not the remotest :drn—that she has not done a soli
tary act, nor tittered a solitary word, e»n the question, evin
cing the remotest d« sire to make petmanrnt exclusive set-
l!< m«nts in that territory. All fhni shede»ir*d,nnd all that
liny lave ever claimed, is the right to prosecute the fur-
trade. nnd to make sub t* irj ornry settl* me nts ns wr re n«-
rrssarv to •cmmplish binf object. Have they done more,
sir? It is tn:e, the worthy Senator f>< m Kentueky. fMr.
More head) made 0 U imidahie array of charges against Eng
land. in reference to ne ts which she has already efone. In
the first place ihnt she has made a fort one hundred miles
frem the mouth of the Cedi mbia river ; and the gentleman
with that candor which forbids him to suppress any sari of
the truth, read a full account of that fort, concluding with a
statement that it wosa m* re sfocknele fort, in its very char
acter interdf d for no other purpose than to repel »li«* attacks
of Indians ; and so it is w ith all the other forts w hich they
have established. This, then, amounts to nothing; it fur
nishes no •evidence of ar. intention of establishing perma
nent settle m* rtfs, ti e id* a of which seems to have taken
hold of ihe minds of Senators The Se nator fn m Ken-
tueky related another very important fact. He said, Eng
land has violated the e onvention, which stipulated tin* joint
occupancy in the prosccuttein of the fur-trade ; because,
whenever ©«ir boat# ascended ihe Columbia river to trade
with the Indians, they weie immediately driven ofl by the
English, wh<» had the* audacity to re^me there and sell goods
to 1 lie poor Inelinns e hcope r than the American did ; nnd
ibis was a violation of the convention. Why, air, this bar
ium izes very badly with ihe remark of the worthy S* nator
from New Hampshire, (Mr. Woodbury) who indicated, as
one mportant object to be gained by the passage of this bill,
the c ivilization of the Indians But, if we cannot afford to
aell them good* at a cheap rate it sure ly dors not show a ve
ry Christian spirit. But all this is mere words. 1 put it to
the Senate whether any one, in the course of this discuss
ion has put his finger on a solitary act which indic ated an
intention, on the part of Great Britain, to establish for her-
self an exclusive occupation. ] assert that, as far as 1 have
e xamined, 1 have discovered no evidence of any such in
tention.
Now, Mr. President, having pressed these brief views,
tending to aheiw the inexpediency of adopting such a mea
sure nt this time, in reference to negotiations now pending
between the two countries, let roe a*-k the Senate what will
be the natural interpretation that England w ill put upon our
Ret 7 If we had passed the measure without debate, it
might not have been regarded in any degree offensive ; hut
you mav rest assured, when tint act comes to lie regarded
by the British Minister, particularly if they hove any desire
to take noHaess ion of the territory, what will be the interpre
tation they will put upon it 7 They will interpret the act
by the speeches delivered here. Will they not, sir ? Con
sult your own hose mis. W hat is ihe impression produced
upon youraelves, when the English paper—not even a min
isterial paper—throws out denunciations against the United
Stales ?
What. Ihen, will belheir interpretation of this act. milita
ry in its charner. heralded forth to the world with denun
ciations against Ei.gland, on account of her grasping ambi
tion—referring to her ads in the Eastern hemisphere, in
Asia and in China, as well as on this continent? Sir, how
ever calmly we may hear these things, the British will not
hear them with calmness Now,sir, let me tell you how
many gentlemen are mistaken as to the feeling existing in
England in regard to this subject. I was there for atom
aix months during the years 1838and 1839; and if I were
called upon on my oath to declare what appeared to be the
■tost prevailing sentiment in England, I would say it was an
absolute horror of the idea of a war with America. All
ranks, high and low, every person I encountered, in the
highway and elsewhere, universally concurred in the senti
ment that the ancient fends that had separated the two coun
tries had passed away—that a new era had grown up—that
they were bound together by the strong ties of consnnguin-
Stir, both being of the Anglo-Saxon race, differing from all
the rust of the world; and 1 heard the language used—Ian-
guaga in which I concurred—that if the two Governments,
on a question of mere boundary, which might he entrusted
to arbitrators, should involve themselves in war, they would
dessrre the eierrsi execration of the world. This was the
nniwaal *otii»ei>t.
Sir, I am op| afraid pf being charged with dreading
the tremendous power of Euglaud. Surely, the courage
of the people of the United States, illustrated in so many
glorious battles by land and by sea, is not reduced to so
low an ebb, that they will encounter the hazard ol being
though' to be cowardly, because they act from the desire
to be considered just. No, sir; no such interpretation
will be put upon our conduct. I confidently believe,
therefore, that if we wait with patience, and fairly em
ploy the means of peace which are iu our hauds, and
leave the executive department of the Government to
discharge its duty, I confidently believe, from the pro
gress already made in the adjustment of our difficulties,
that this comparatively unimportant one would be ad
justed. So (ur, sii, as regards our foreign reSations.
But there are some domestic views of the subject which
gentlemen have overlooked What <io we want with this
territory? What are we to do with it? What is to be the
consequence of our taking p.is*e»Kion of it? What is the act
we are called on now to do? Why, it is neither more nor
less than an act of colonization for the first time proposed
since the foundation of thix Government. If this were a
question of gradual ami continuous, and progressive settle
ment—if the territory to which our citizen* are invited,
were really to become a part of this Union, it would present
a very d fferenl question. But, sir, does any man seriously
I suppose that any State which can be formed at the month
oft he Columbia river, or any of the inhabitable parts of that
j territory would ever become one of the States of this Union?
1 had great faith—no one had much greater—in the power
of the Representative principle to extend the sphere of gov
ernment; hut 1 confess that, even m the most sanguine da\s
of my >oiith,J never conceived ihe possibility of embracing
Within the same Government people living ouOit miles apart.
Bill, sir, the worthy Senator from New Hampshire, [Mr.
WoodburyJ seems to have discovered a principle much
more potent than the representative principle, //e refers
\ou to st.aim, as fur more potent. i should doubt very
| much whether the elements, or powers, or organization of
1 the principles ol government, will ever be changed by
1 siojiu. How ar.- we to apply steam in this ease? Has the
j Senaior examined the c'i tractor ol the country? What
j i*< the character of 1 lie country? Why, as 1 imders’and
it that olxmt seven hundred miles this side of the Rocky
Mountains is uninhabitable, where ram scarcely ever
falls—a b irren sandy soil. On the oilier side—we have
it from a very ini* llige nt geHileman, sent to explore thnt
Country by the fctnlc Department, that there are three
suevesaivo ridge* of mountain* extending to ihe Pacific, and
run mug nearly parallel; which mouniains are totally im
passable, (xcept in certain part**, w here there are gap-* or
depressions, to be reached only by g ing some hundreds of
miles out ol the direct course. Well, now, what are we lo
do in such a e ase ns this? i/yw are you going to apply
steam? Have you made anything like an estimate of the
cost of n rail rondTuumng lrtnn here to the mouth iff the
Columbia?^ \\ hy, the wraith of the Indies would be insuf
ficient. \ ou would have lo tunnel through uumn'ains five
hundred or six hundred miles in extent. It is true they
have constructed a tunnel beneath the Thames; but at a
\usl exjH'iidilure ol capital. Wuh a bankrupt treasury, and
a depressed and suffering profile, to talk about construefing
a rail mud to the western shore of tins continent, manifesis
o wild spirit el adventure which 1 never expected to hear
broached in the Senate of the United States. And is the
Senate of the United Stales 10 be the last entrenchment
where we are to find this wild spirit of adventure which
has involved this country in ruin? 1 believe that the farm
ers, the honest cultivators of the soil, look now only to God
in h s mercy, and their own labor, to relieve them from the
wretchedness in which ilie wild and visionarv schemes of
adventure have involved them.
Now, ii is one ol the most uncalculaiing measures which
was ever hroughi before 1 lie Senate. For whose benefit are
w e bound to puss it ? \\ ho are to go 1 here, along 1 he line of
military |arsis, and take possession of the only part of the
territory fit lo occupy—that part King upon the sen coast, a
strip less lian one huud red miles iu width; tor as 1 have al
ready stated, the rest ol the territory consist* of mountains
almost inaccessible, and low lands vvt ich arc covered with
stone and volcanic remains where rain never falls, except
during ihe spring; and even on the coast no rain fulls from
April to October, and Ibr the remainder of the year there is
nothing hut rain. Why, sir, of what use will this be for
agricti tunil | urposes! I would not (or Ihnt purpose give a
pinch ot snuff tor tlie whole territory. 1 wish 10 God we
did not own it. 1 wish it was an impassible harrier to se
cure u* against the intrusion of oihers. Thi* is the char
ade r if the country. W ho are we 10send there? Do you
think }our honest Iqimere in Pennsylvania, New York or
even Ohio or Missouri w ill abandon their (arms to go upon
melt nn enterprise as this? God Ibrbi.i! If any man who
is to goto that country under the temptations of this bill,
was my child—if he was an honest and industrious man, I
w ouhi say lo him for God’* sake, do npt go there. You w ill
not better your coi.diii* n } 011 will exchange the comforts
ol home, and the happiness of civdixed life, for the pnins
and perils of a precarious existence. But if I had a son,
w hose conduct was such as made lum a subject lor Botany
Bay, i would say in the name of God go. M his is my esti-
moteol the importance of the settlement. Now, wlmt are
w e lo gam by making the seithmem 7 In what shape ore
our expenditures there lo he returned? W hen are we to
gel any revenue from Ihe citizens of ours who go t» that
distant territory—3.310 miles from the scat of Government,
as 1 have it from the Senator (rum Missouri? W hat return
are they gomgtomnke us lor protecting them with military
posts, at an expense at die outset of 9200,000, and swelling
hereafter God knows how much—probably equalling the
anu uul expenses of the Florida war. What will they return
u* for this enormous expense, after we have tempted them,
by tins bill, to leave their pursuits oi honest industry, to go
upon this vihi and gambling adventure, in which their
blood is to be staked?
Sir, does a iy man suppose that, in the next twenty years
weslmll derive a cent ol revenue? 1 put it to the Senate, i.«
there a man here who supposes that the wealth or power of
the Lulled States will he increased lo the amount of one
solitary cent hy all I he colonists that may be prevailed upon
to go there? No, sir, not a cent. Well now make a mode
rate estimate; w hat do you think it will cost, on the scale on
wit ich you set out, during the next twenty years? Why. if
you get t>fl wiih l* n millions oi dollars, it would be about
w bat any reasonable man would consider a reasonable esti-
m aie. r l he count y is inhabited hy fierce ami warlike sav
ages. It is a country abounding with recesses to w hich they
can reiirat, and in which they will be inaccc>sable; and if
w e ever get lo war with them (and we know by experience
that the niort certain way to pet to war is to go among
them.) we shall find another Florida; and every person
km ws how much thecxiensceof ihnt unfortunate* war had
exre-e d* d the an icipntions of those w ho for* boded the worst,
'iir, Hie interests t»f the people of the United States, throw
ing out el view the aid* ntard unpa'riolic desire of adven
tures, and re mulling the solid interests of the agricultural
nnd maniifacniring interests e-f the country,) I venture lo
say that for 1 lie-next twenty years, there is not 0 congres
sional district m this Unicn. ecsti?g the government noth
ing, hut on the contrary contributing to Us support, w hich
w ill not hr more visible to ihe Umti d States, than the w hole
f thi* territory, it never can he of any value fur agricul-
ural purposes
Ail tie ar* ounts I Pave lead cone ur, without any disrenting
voice, 'U sfafu u ibat the fin (rude is ,n rapid course ofdeteiiora
tic.n. 'Ihe aicn als whirl* \ :e'd lur are disappearing; and the
time s not remote, when even the British fur company will
at* i«l(*n ii erotu.ri». ir ecu leave them a <i<*. 1*03 < u 1 area pros
pert, hi the mere lapse oft me—by the n ere protn-ssol events—
by the extermination of animals—of having the temtoiy dropped
into * ur possession But if the Bririrh had nor hum 10 ibfs territo
•ppnWbnity of the m&*«nr<v for »^«ilnl«WTln* tb*G<i»ent
tneut. I l«e*eech you now*, by every consideration connected with
the national welfare, to paus<*. t he time w l'. come when It will
he proper 10 ret. I think, «*f all times, this is the most inappro
priate; an 11 s ty, emphatically, pause before jou proceed further
in this matter.
ry. ar.d Her we»e nothins which coinj riled us to ro with cur
military establishment* and agricultural settlements. I w* uld n* t
conseut—if tl eie was an emhnnhn cut of even live fe*t to he re
moved. I would not consent to expend five dollars »o r*n.* \t- that
embankn e nt to e nable our p« polatirn to go ihere. I do not w ish •
to tempt tl c f t* pie to form settlements theie I wi>h tins to he a 1
great empiie. grown up hy the natural course of civilization, and |
the natural ext* nsion of ?-o{ ul t on 1 th; nk Cod for hi.- n.eiey in |
placing the Porky Mountains it ere. 1 tclieve if it had not hern !
for thus** mciiniains, we w* uld have been alieadv in the Pacific. '
You cannot civilize n on, 1! they ha 1 e an ii definite extent of terri- |
torj, wver which to spread then numbers; for so lone as they j
ea*i their
1.1 ers, ins read * f becoming civilized, they hoc*
semi savage. All asiee ih.*t rivilizati* ncan be*tbc effected when
the country is hedged in hy narrow h* undarirs.
Why, Mr. President, if there is any me lesson raYuJared hy Ms
lory, bejond the possibility ofde»ubt. il is tha all rations of the
w01 id. widen have, within the last one or two centuries, si nt out
distant colonies, have f< ur.U tin m to I c two tr three time* none
expensive than picfin.hie. T I ore is 1 o'lrnc wh oh esn just fy
such an euterpjire, but the cxisterce of a super, t.u* dant ami
starving population. In our case theie is no s ch necessity. Are
we pent up within narrow I mils?—ate wc* stified for airf— are
we sta* ving for want of means of subsistence ? VI y, sir. we are
very much distressed, to he sure ; but it is ftoin pleihoia. not from
consumption. We arc ne»w In a condition in which a Senator
from Kentucky, in discussing the tarff lull, told us we were; an
thnt is—in a n ost deplorable condition The barns weie full,
were breaking down wuh the weiiht cf grain; ti e country was
overburdened with a superabundance of all the means <*f human
subsistence. T1* s is the case now. In the history of the United
States, a period was never known of such an alundance of every
thin* neres-ary 10 support human life—coin selling for ten to
twelve and a half cents a bushel; wheat at fouy cents, nnd every*
o«her article of consumption in proportirr—ard w ith a country
like this, and with a soil as pioductive ns the valleys r f Eeypt,
and so extensive that you cannot people it for a century tocotnr —
with such a soil, and with such means for rewarding the honest
agricultural Iat*orcr. shall wc. at an eporn nu-s e>pen««*. derived
from taxes upon the Inb -r of ti e Industrious, indulge the whir.B
and caprices of the adventurou* portion of the population, who
love to roam over rh< mountains ? It is not proper to hold out such
inducements to wur citizens to encage in those adventurous pur
suits There are no advantages to he derived fr«»m then*. The
ailvintage? of the fur trade have been highly extol**-,'; hut I have
seen no results hut the enormous wealth of John Jacob Astor. and
one or two others, to justify the commendation. Are the honest
n echanlc and asrlcultnrist. engaged mile honest pursuits * f in
dustry, to he raxed, that inducements may be heW out to the ad
venturous to encage in this trade which has enriched so few ?
Have you read the account cf Astor’s adventures in the fur trade?
You will there find that the most of his operators were foreigners
and the half breed Indians. There were no citizens of the United I
States employed by him ; and hy this bill you wiil Induce none of
your* itizens to embark, hut those of an adventurous character—
those w ho have nothing to lose. 1 cannot think any man w ho has
a ‘tmn" feeling of patriotism—who has a heart bound t * h1s conn
try ns it ought to tu*. an*» endearing associations inseparably con-
n*"rt* d with home—wou’d abandon hisftiend* and family, and all
endeared to him. to emigrate to that country. No, sir; captiva
ting a« it may he to one poit'oa cf the Uni* n, this is :* spirit we
ought not to enc urage: we ought rather to induce the honest and
Industrious classes to remain among us, and contribute to the sup
port of their Government.
But, in the anlor with which gentlemen have been drawn into
the discussion of this question They seem to have totally overlook
ed n very impo- tant matter—the ways and means. I>o wc so a-
bound In financial resources, as to be able, at this particular mo
ment, 10 appropriate 200.000 dollars to a scheme of this kind?
Rave gentlemen considered the question «»f ways and means? I
have not heard a s ncle individual, in the course of the debate,
ma^e the sligl test reference to the pecuniary means of this coun
try to justifv such an appropriation. I mu t. however, except the
Senator from New Hampshire At the close of hi* rema ks. he
made a slight allusion to our finances, rather with a view ot show
ing that, as bad as they were, we might make the appropriation
necessary t<* carry the plan into operation. That g« ii»lem**n was
himself Secretary of the Treasury, at a period of great financial
embarrassment; and the tribulation to which he was then expo
sed, no doubt, brought him to sympathize with the present Secre
tary of that Department, ami fo consider the importance of having
wavs and means; and the still greater importance of prosecuting
this measure, whether you have the means or not. Well, sir, two
great political parties nre row contending for power. They have
l*otl», In som** decree, adopted the same watchword—economy and
retrenchment Thai was the sign under which the Whigs con
quered in 18-10; if is the sign under which the Republicans hope to i
conquer now. Hifhe>io. on this subject, we have had nothing but
words I have not seen the slightest efforts to establish. In the ad-
m nistrit'on of this Government, any system of economy. I have
not witres-ed any apparent misgiving in the minds of Senators
who arc fivorable to the adoption of this measure, as to the defi
cient condition of ihe finances 1 confid*mly l*ci*eve that we will
not have a sufficiency of means to carry on the Government, and
to pay the onUnary demands which are contracted on its behalf
The expenditure which the Government is required m make, will
not I ave at ihe end of the year, anythm^to lie applied to the ob-
lect contemplated in this bill
1 have seen a statement of the probable amount of the Imports of
the t:.£t q'tnrter, purport into come from a person who investiga
ted the subject thoroughly, and who had tbe means to investigate
It; and the result was, th;»t the probable amount of the whole Im
ports ;or that period, would be hltle more than eight millions of
dollar.*. What d*>es this indicate? A state of things which, ot all
others, calls upon u* to pause.
What is the condition of this Government? Who is it thnt rules?
Who Is responsible for the measures adopted here? Nobody, rir.
We are In a state of interregnum. Nobody is responsible For
God’s sak*». let us post; one measures of this k'nd, until there Is
someiKxiy a rhe Government responsible. Tbe Executive Is exert
ing. no doubt, the best of his nwers to do somethin!, but he is not
sustained by the other branches of the Legislature. Neitherof Ihe
parlies seem to hare any sympathy for fhe Executive. They
stand by, a:id fold their arms. If you should say to either of them,
y*»u have approp.* iated 200.000 dollars without havine the means to
meet toat appropriation, they would sav. It does not concern 11s;
it belongs to the other parts t*» provide the way* and means. For
God’s sake, then, let us not adopt equivocal measuiesof this kind,
when there is no party responsible for anything. Walt a year or
two. WTrfain that period you will have a chance of having that
territory gained hy amicable negotiation. Within thnt rcrlod you
will certainly have somebody at the head of this Government—
whether Democratic or Whig—of sufficient power toasauxne th* re-
From the Savannah Georgian of 28th ult.
GEORGIA CONFERENCE.
The Conference of the .Methodist Episcopal Cbnrcb,
which has been sitting in this city during the past week,
adjourned on Thursday evenin- about 11 o’clock. T he
attendance of the preachers of the Conference was good,
there being about one hundred present. The Rev. J.
E. Evans, w ill remain in this city as presiding elder, and
Rev. Daniel Curry, preacher in charge. Rev. George
F. Pierce, has been appointed preacher in charge at Au
gusta. The next Conference will be held iu Columbus,
Ga., on the 17th January, lti44.
STATIONS OF THE PREACHERS IN THE
GEORGIA ANNUAL CONFERENCE, 1843.
Aooosta District—James E. Evans, P. E.
Augusta.—Geo. F. Pierce.
Columbia—Josiah Lewis.
Linrnlaton—H. P. Pilchford.
Washington—J. A. Wiggius.
Wilkes—John VV. Knight.
Louisville—W D. Bussey.
Waynesboro’—John C. Simmons.
lVarreaton—A. J. Leet.
Springfield—R. R. Rushing, R. A. Griffin.
Sarannali—Daniel Curry.
Jefferson Mission—J J. M. Mapp.
Burke—D. Thompson.
Ogerhee—L. H. Cooper.
Ossabaic—John Jones.
Athens District.—John W. Glenn, P. E.
Athens—\. T. Mann.
jXrirton and Walton—J. P. Dmican, J. T. Lane.
Oxford—R. A. Steele.
Witkinscille—J. B. Chappell, J. P. Robinson.
F.lberton—R. Stripling.
Madison—R. Lane.
CarnescUle—J U‘.Tanner, A. J. Reynolds.
Greensboro'—\V. P. Arnold.
Clarkestille—S. M. Smith, W. Knox.
Kingston Mission—James Jones.
Emory College—A. B. Longstreet, G. W. Lane. A.
Means. A. H. Mitchell, Agent; W. J. Parks, Confer
ence Agent.
Cherokee District.—P. P. Smith. P. E.
Netcnan—J. \V. Yarborough, J. T. Smith.
MrOonough—A. Pennington, S. J. Turner.
FaycIterUlc—C. Trussell, J. Scaife.
Carrollton—Thos. Fowler; one to he supplied.
Decatur—M. Bellah.
Cassrille—M. S. Williams.
I'an Wert Mission—E. Burnett.
Marietta—R J. Cowart, W. II. Evans.
Dahloncga—R. H. Lucky. N B. Flemming.
LawrenceeilU—W R. Branham. J. M. Vestal.
Macon District—John \V. Tally, P. E.,
Milledgeville and Clinton—Isaac Boring, J. R. Dan-
orth,
F.atonton—William Arnold,
Forsyth—McCarrel Penrifoy,
Cnlloden—M. H. White,
J ffrrsoncille—F. D. Lowrie,
I winton—C. L. Hays,
Sparta—C. Raiford,
Sandersrille—D. Bird, 0. M. McDonald,
Montiicilo—H. Crawford,
Dublin—A. D. Russel,
Macon—Samuel Anthony,
Geo. Female College—W. H. Killison, Pres.,
Columbus District.—W. D. Matthews, P. E.,
Columbus—J. B. Pavne,
La Grange—C. W. Key,
Thomusiun—W. Peeler,
Troup—W. Graham. E. \V. ReynolJs,
Harris and Talbot—J. P. Dickinson, B W. Clarke,
Greenville—Jas. Hunter, J. J. Richards,
Muscogee—Y. F. Tignor.
Tallmtton—Thomas Sandford,
Franklin—To be supplied,
Mcritcclher and Troup Mission, to Colored people, W.
D. Marlin,
Fort Gaines District.—Ivy F. Steagall, P. E.,
Blakely—R. A. Johnson,
Huickinsrille—T. C. Coleman,
Tazeicell and Americas—Geo. Bright, G. W. Farabee,
Cuthbrrt and Fort Gaines—T. D. Peurifoy, J. Hariis,
Lumpkin—Noah Smith,
Albany—J. T. Tally.
Perry—W. W. Robertson. A Doran,
Fort I'alhy Mission—J.T. Turner,
Ormulgre Mission—J. W. Carrol,
Warrior Mission—A. C. Bruner,
Florida District.—T. C Henning, P. E.,
Quincey—E. II. Mvers,
Tallahassee.—W. Choice,
Gadsden—Jas. Woody, J. B. Wardlaw,
Leon—John C. Carter,
Thomasrille—A. Neese.
Trouprille.—W. W. Griffin,
Madison anil Hamilton—R. H. Howren, E. L. T.
Blake.
MontieeHo—Thomas W. Cooper,
Kninanrille—V. Woolv. W. N. Miner,
Chictiehaty and Tampa Bay—A. J. Devers,
St. Marys District—L. C. Peek, P. E.,
St. Marys—J. B. Jackson,
Brunswick—W. M. Crumby, W. E. Adamas,
Jacksonville—Alex. Marlin,
IFinesrillc—E. White, G. A. Mallet,
Inrin—S. P. Richardson,
llolmesrille—E. Day,
Warcsboro' Mission—J M. Mills,
Darien—G. J. Pierce,
Telfair— Willis Hall.
Satilla Mission—S. J. Childs,
James M. McPherson, transferred to the S. Carolina
Conference.
New Orleans. January26.
Late From JTlatamoros.
Important News—Confirmation of the Catti-re
of Col Fisher and his Men—By the arrival here yes
terday of Ihe sr lii'Olicr Doric, Cu[ t Knntiford from Mntn-
moroc, h hence she pniled on the Nih instant, ihe report ofa
desperate bailie brlween ihe Texans ami Mexicans is con
firmed. We give such details as we have been able to ga
ther.
II appears Ilinl on the lath of Deeember, llie Mexican
Genera), Anirmlin, Ihrn nl Mnlnmoro*, rreeived informaiion
for Ginernl Well and Cnnnli s, tlml from W0 lo 1000 Tex
ans bail taken Lori do. and ilia! they (llie Mexicans) could
nol wiih llieir present force oppose I hr ro, ami were com
pelled lo fall bark: and further information was brought
ilinl ihe Texans were on tbe march by the soul hern route
for Ma'omoros, ami ahead of the opposing forces. I'pon
the receipt of ibis information, Gen Ampudia forei d pre
parations for an immediate movement lip llie south side of
ihe Rio Grande, nnd on the follow ing day commenced a
foreid march wiih luo bnimllioos known as the -Sappers
and Miners,” which they coniinued in llie worst weather
up to >he22d of Deeimher. At Mier, llie General learned
that Ihe T exnris lind crossed ihe Rio Grande, and were only
two leagues dismnl from Ihe town. Thereupon prepara-
i ions were made for their recepi ion—three pieces of cannon
being slniiomd lo welcome them.
During the night the Texans, lo Ihe number of about 2G<)
men, commenced their attack upon ihe town, under the
command of Cols. Fisher and Green. They rut I heir way
thiough every obsinele till they reached the artillery. At
this ;ioini daylight appeared, when the Texans took to Ihe
houses of the town, fmm ihe doors and windows of which
they kepi up a runtimml fire upon ihe Mexirans, w hom they
nil down ns fast ns they were brought up to the guns.
'I Ins kind of fightinr was continued from house lo house
null from slreel lo struct, the Mexicans lining piled up in
heaps in r very spot w here they all* mpled lo form. In con
sequence of llieir smaller numbers, llie Texans, however,
were unahle Iu rally out upon their foes, hut they kept up
their fire till Isle in the afternoon. At ibis time one of llie
Texan rapliiina, without consulting his brother officers,
hoisted a flag from one of ihe houses. The Mexican Gener
al thereupon sent in one of the prisoners he had lak n du
ring i lie day, lo ascertain if llie Texans had surrendered. A
consultation was then held,amidst much exrilemenl, among
the Texan officers, the firing on boih sides falling oflf in (he
meanwhile. By agrermenl, word was at last sent to Gen.
Ampudia, lhal llie fight should cease on the part of llie
Texans, if they were allowed lo retire unmolested. This
proposal was refused hy Ampudia. who however, promised
them fair and honorable terms, if they capitulated. Col.
Fisher then asked two hours lime for consultation, threat
ening that if the time were nol allowed, he would recom
mence the firing. This was acceded to, and hy ihe expira
lion of llie time named, ihe capitulation w as drawn up and
signed, although ii wns grievously feared it would not be
respected hy ihe Mexicans.
The hntlle Insted seventeen hours, during which the loss
of llie Mexirans wns 420 killer) and 130 wounded, many of
the latter having since died. The Texans lost but 11 killed
and 19 w ounded bui one of whom has since died.
It is related (hat among the Texans were six boys, of
w horn ihe oldest was but 17 and (be youngest 14. The last
named distinguished himself by shooting twelve Mexicans
in succession as they were brought np to man the guns.
Artillery was at lengih brought lo bear upon Ihe house,
which was at once shattered, when (he hoys attempted to
escape lo an adjoining one. In the art of entering the win
dow two of them were killed, but llie oihers affected an en
trance and re-commenced llieir firing upon Ihe artillery
men, w hich they continued until they were ordered hy their
commander to desisl.
On the 7ih instant. General Ampudia returned to Mata-
rooros, with such of his favorite regiment as had survived
the severe battle, bringing with him about 21*2 Texan pris-
oners He was (o leave for Mexico wiih them on the 13th
or 14ih inst.
The prisoners are nil treated with every kindness and at
tention hy Gen. Ampudia, and one of the bova haa been
adopted by him. Aerording to all areoonta the Mexicans
fought with great bravery at Mier, nnd ll.c fact of so many
having been killed confiims the accounts. Had Gen. Som
erville accompanied Co!. Fisher, with auchof the men who
retired from the Uio Grande, after the rapture of Gnenero,
it is thought to be eertain that General Ampudia would
have been utterly defeated.
We have heard it ronjpclnred that Col. Fisher and his
comrades w ill be shot on their arrival at the city of Mexico,
but we cannot lor one moment enteriaut such a belief. Even
if so disposed, which we much doubt, the Government of
Mexico would never dare commit such an outrage.
[Picayune.
United States District Court.
District of Georgia.
' In Bankruptcy.
H ENRY BANKS, of the town |of McDonough,
in the county of Henry, merchant, late of the firm
of Banks, Petit, & Co., and previously of the firm of
Banks & Moore, a Bankrupt, haring filed his petition,
praying, that a full discharge from his debts may be
decreed and allowed, and u certificate tbereofbe grant
ed to him—Notice is hereby given to all creditors who
have proved their debts, and other persons in interest,
to appear at the Court House in the city of Savannah,
on the twentieth day ofMay next, at 11 o’clock. A. M.,
to show cause why such discharge and certificate shall
not be granted.
GEO. GLEN, Clerk.
Savannah, Feb. 3,1843. lit 34
Repudiation.
The money articles of the New York Herald have a
THE OREGON TERRITORY.
Mr. Benton in his speech against the late treaty in ,
Great Britain, Ihns briefly aud must elequently describes force ami talent calculated to produce conviction in the
the Oregon country': minds of most readers. \Ve find them widely circulated
Ido not dilate upon the value and extent of this by Democratic papers, and have no doubt their icflnenee
has been widely felt. They are written, it is under
stood. by a stock broker, who is classed amongst the
bears, or those whose interest it is to depreciate the value
of all kinds of stocks, and to spread and increase alarm
and distrust to its widest limit. For several years his
predictions have been verified; for what ill that could
have been fean d. has not happened. Fortified, as he is,
with figures, and decidedly learned in the history of mo
dern financiering, we yet think hint a reckless pioneer in
a dangerous land. \Ve do not believe be writes from
bis own convictions but to favor stock jobbing specula
tions. We insert copious extracts from an imposing
article published in that paper of the l^th ult.
The Herald, in this essay, takes the broad ground that,
“no nation has ever yet been enabled to pay a large debt,
contracted abroad, and none erer trill.’’ Is this true!—
Was not the debt of our Revolution a large debt; and
is it not paid ? Nol large, he will say. in proportion to
the number of our people; but we affirm that it rvas
large in proportion to the fiscal resources of the country,
and that hy wise legislation aud unshaken confidence it
was easily paid. Let us look a little more closely into
the array of figures crowded into these extracts. It
seems to he Ihe object of the Herald, to prove the {in
solvency of many of the States of this Union; anti
one interest, one government; and that people should ; even to render the ability ol tte Uni.ed &t.itns to pay
be American—that interest ours—and that government ; large sums abroad, doubtful. If he can moke out us
republican.—Accursed and infamous be the matt that di- ! case, the stocks of all these governments will (all still
vides or alienates it' , lower; and tl he is under bonds to pay debts tn these
• But, it is demanded, will vou add this great country j slocks, lie may do it with small means. The United
to this great Union, already too large in the opinion of; States, he says cannot pay from fourteen to sixteen mil-
- - — - k *i~ o''" exports only one baudnd
great country. A word suffices to display both. In ex
tent, it is larger than the Atlantic portion of the old thir
teen United States; in climate, softer; in fertility, great
er; in salubrity,.superior; in position, better; because
fronting Asia, and washed by a tranquil sea. Iu all these
particulars the western slope of our continent is far
more happy than the eastern. In configuration it is in
expressible, fine and grand—it vast oblong square, w ith
natural boundaries, and a single gateyvay into the sea.
The snow capped Rocky Mountains enclose it on the
east, an iron bound coast on the west; a frozen desert
on tbe north, and sandy plains on tbe south. All its riv
ers, rising on tbe segment of a vast circumference, run
to meet each other in the centre; and then flow together
into the ocean, through a gap in the mountain, where the
heats of summer and the colds of winter are never felt,
and where southern and northern diseases are equally
unknown. This is the valley of the Columbia—a coun
try whose every advantage of position and configura
tion; by the unity of all its parts—the inaccessibilities of
its borders—an j iLs single introgression lo the sea.—
Sticlt a cutt it try is formed for union, wealth and strength.
It can have but one capital, and that will be a Thebes;
but one commercial eioporiuui, and that will he a Tyre,
queen of cities, gjucli a country can he but one people
him in his infancy; and when old enough to take care of
himself, I would part front him, as the father parts from
his manly son with benedictions, with aid and rvitli in
junctions never to forget tvliat is due to his paret-is.”
Slnli! iijyhlK anil tttilril Stlnte* Kights.
Tis the star spangled banner, oh. long may it wave.
O'er the land of the free and the home ol the brave.”
FEDERAL UNION.
NII.I.KDIiEVIU.I!, I'EHRl.Utl 7, IMS.
Executive Appointment.
Col. David J Bailey, of Butts county, Director of
the Central Bauk.
The office has been accepted, and Colonel Bailey has
given bond anil been sworn iu for the performance of
th is responsible duty.
Congress.
" e publish to day, the able and conclusive argument
of Mr. McDuffie, against the Oregon occupation bill,
the most exciting and important measure before the Se
nate. It will he read with interest by every lover of his
country, and by many with peculiar satisfaction as ema
nating from the fearless, upright and talented Senator I "land hear hard oil th*' Inhorin.
who has again appeared in the councils of his country. ! b,v tr,,e - BlU thfi "overtime"! has had and used their
Sswml .nr .. I ntonev. and ought to pay it backwith interest, and whe
Several very important measures still he on the table, ' lbp ,„ lrlh ^ ns lhl J imposed on the people are snffi-
to ue scrambled over oil the third of March, asusti.il.— ‘ oient to j notify a measure so nnjnat repudiation, is
The repeal of the Bankrupt law, and several others I their question, not ours Certain it is. that the tenure of
might be mentioned r ' 2l,, > in ,h< ’ s '* ,lphN - is lh ‘ > s!,mp as that ° r ri?ht lo ° ,her
rp, „ ... . ’ . , _ , I property; and the rule which overthrows the one, upsets
ihe exchequer project of the President has failed, 1 - -
thing exported cotton, flour or gold, the product of our
mines. This might happen in times and circumstances
a thousand times more flourishing than we have seen of
late years. • *iirconntry can produce all the necessaries,
and nearly all the luxuries of life, and its prosperity does
not necpssarilv depend on the ninount of its foreign com
merce. China, perhaps thp richest nation in the world,
has become so in spite of her neglect of foreign com
merce. It is the surplus products of industry, which
must pnv debts and no co ttitrv ran spare from the pro
ducts of her soil so large a surplus as the United States.
Our present difficulties depend on low priees, and obli
gations to pav debts contracted under differing circum
stances. The people of the United Stales are no repu-
di^tors—thpv can and will pav their debts honestly, if
not punctually. Nor is tbe sophistry of this proposition
less glaring, when the means resulting front foreign
commerce nre restri* ted to the valuation of otir exports
in our own ports In the present depression of prices,
when the great staples, cot on. flour, rice, and tobacco,
pay freight and expenses to a third of their value, and the
vast product of our fisheries, and other trade, bring re
turns for labor alone, it is ridiculous to commence with
calculations of the value of produce at home. Resources
so vast, ought not to be left out hy one so potent ill fig
ure.—and lie knows better !
The Herald, and many of the Democratic Loro Foro
papers, seetn to think the present pricp« of the product
of labor, the true and proper prices, and that every thing
must rate accordingly. This is the great tnis’ake. and
denrlv are we paving for it. The recoil from the prices
we received when the paper bubble birrsted, did not stop
at the true value of labor It did not pull down all
alike. The labor of the miner, the manufacturer, the
sugar and coflee grower, aud of him who produces salt,
and indeed, nil the necessaries of life, hroughi to ns by
commerce, take twice or three times as much of our la
bor to pav for them as heretofore. The low prices of a
few articles brought down hv skill in the use of machin
ery, is no exception. This inequality in the value of
labor cannot continue—produce must rise, or that which
we bttv with it, must fall. In either event, the United
States can pav; and time will show that the stain and
disgrace of repudiation will not continue in our own
land. That the holders of government securities in En-
lasses. is nnqite«liona-
having found few supporters. The Presidential contest
for 1844, is left to be waged between a United States
Bank and the Sub-Treasury, with a garnishment of Cost
Johnson's proposition, to issue $*20(!,000,000 of United
States stock, for the relief of the States and the people.
This last project will come home to the business and bo- |
sums of the people, and have a powerful, if not a con
trolling effect, on the elections of several States.
Mr. Thomas of Hancock.
Tlie Journal of last w eek contains the speech of this
gentleman, considerably enlarged and improved. It is
published, the editors say, to give light to the people in
relation to the affairs of the Central Bank. Its effect, if
it lias any, will be to lessen the value of the hills, injure
the holders and benefit the shavers and debtors of the
bank. The speech is an old affair vamped up, but so
unguarded in its statements thnt it seems to demand some
notice from the directors and officers of the bank. It is
a matter of arithmetic, capable of demonstration, and
ought to be understood by the people. Satisfied, our
selves, that Mr. Thomas is in the wrong, we attribute to
ignorance -.vhat might otherwise pass for wickedness.
the other.
The progress of taxa’ion in England, is worthy of con
sideration at all times; hut the slow progress it made
front the year Iftfifito UtfiG is no proof that the people
were t*»en well governed. Gn the contrary, if we were
to search for the period of misrule and oppression in En
gland. these five hundred years will unquestionably fur
nish ir. Tee burthen* of ll;« feudal system were felt in
demands for personal service—the castles, walls and
ditches, which remain to this day. were not erected by
(axes—thev were raised bv sinews forced into service.
This indirect proposition fo .he people of the United
States to repudiate debts created liv themselves, comes
with ill grace from those who are alwavserving pay. pay,
as if a want of punctuality was an unpardonable silt.—
Such leaders have precipitated ihe evils we suffer, and
now are readv to lend ns out through the villainy of re
pudiation. Bankrupt laws mav be necessary for indi
viduals: hut States, which aspire lo greatness or dura
bility. should avoid us the grave, every act violating the
public faith.
Extracts from the Scle York Herald.
We recently made some remarks upon the utter im
practicability of the United States continuing to pay to
England l l tn $16,000,000 per annum out of an export
of $100,000,000. Such a tax amounts to 85 cents on
each barrel of flour shipped; at $2 50 on every bale of
cotton sent abroad. This cannot be done without pro
ducing min and distress.—No nation ever yet has been
A Sophism.
" When the debt is out of the State, its whole aggregate
wealth is yearly diminished by the sum paid abroad.’• A i enabled to pay a large debt contracted abroad and none
State, in this regard, is exactly like an individual; it may | ever will lit illustration ofthis truth, we have compiled
pay away its profits, without touching its capital or grow- i front official sources the following table, show mg twenty-
tug poorer by the process. It is enriched by going in ] one countries, exclusive of the United States, whose
debt, if the thing it buys is worth more than its cost; and • stock are current in London—of these, thirteen are
if it is worth less, the difference is a loss. If the Rail- | bankrupt.
Roads and Canals, built by the capital borrowed in for-j The debt of the English government is all owned at
eigu lands, is worth more than they cost, the States ! houte, and its ftt ogress, pari passu, with the paper system,
are gainers; hut if they are worth less, the States ought may be easily ti act'd by parliamentary returns, and its
to pay the difference. The Internal Improvements of ) inevitable explosion clearly ntatked out. The following
Pennsylvania are probably worth more than they cost, j table gives the amount of taxes levied from the time the
enormous as the sum is. If the question of receiving , Norntan bastard conquered the nation, at the end of
hack the money, and interdicting the n-e of the works j every hundred vears, until a new conqueror in the shape
was proposed, the people of that State would rise in of the paper system, effectually riviled the chains of the
arms against it; and yet, they have infamous counsel to
repudiate.
Gen. Jackson and Judge Hull —The editor of the
Mississippi Free Trader says, -Dominick Hall deserted
New Orleans when a ruthless and implacable enemy
threatened it with destruction—the males with the sword
arid the females with dishonor—and returned after Jack-
son bad defended die one and saved the other, and fin
ed him a thousand dollars: at id the whigs say "he did his
duty on a most trying occasion!” and they are so zealous
of the character of this old traitor, that they refuse to
vote for refunding this fine to the war-worn soldier, be
cause foresooth. it may cast an imputation upon the
character <*f Hall. But if he had only been a patriot
mid fought ter his country, the most prolific vocabulary
of epithets would have been exhausted in abusing him.
They could censure Jackson by a solemn vote in the
Senate of the United States, but they cat not do Jack-
son simple justice. for fear of casting imputation upon
the character of Hall.—These men have such a horror
of martial law. that they cry out against its exercise for
a few days when a city is threatened hy the victorious
legions of England; Inn they uphold its enforcement in
a State for months at a time, when no eiiemv is near.
PARLIAMENTARY WIT.
The Globe states that Mr. Snider, of Pennsylvania,
has been unluckily thrown by the side of Giddittgs. the
abolitionist, at one of the double desks in the hall of the
House of Representatives. Remember Mr. Giddings’
petition to divide the Union, Mr. S. had a plank put up
between them, thus practically enforcing G.’s doctrine.
In this silent way, says the Globe, Mr. S. spoke as Ci
cero did when demanding the expulsion of Catahne, he
said. “Let there be a wall between us and the wicked.”
Mr. Giddings. ronstriting the bar into a practicable
joke, labelled his side of the board with these two lines
front Pope;
“ Great wit with madness sure is near allied,
And thin partitions do their hounds divide.”
Mr. Snider, says the Globe, seeing the part of the wit,
assigned him by the roadman who sat beside him, hu
mored tbe conceit, by playcarding bis side of the board
tints:
This line’s tbe act of mutual concession:
This the white side; the other abolition.
White is the emblem of our living God :
Black was Caiu marked when driven forth to Nod.
people, and reduced them to what they now are 26,000,-
0(H), of starving slaves oil the one hand, and perhaps
1,060.000 of court nobles, moneyed aristocrats and place
men oil the other;
TABLE,
Showing the Annual Taxes of Great Britain, the Debt,
Bank Circulation, and Government Excluquir Bills, at
di fieri nt periods.
M B:mk Exche- Piuula-
Taxes. Debt. Circul-u’n. qucrhilSs. t on.
1063, 4oo ooo none.
nos, 200000 -
1260, 150 000 “
136 ', * 50 000 "
100 000 **
500.000
1,500.000
17.000.000
71,372,515
3,547 435
1466,
1566,
166*1,
1791,
IS.6,
18 6.
18 12,
61.130.000
130.664,250
239,863.469
864,442 540
787.6.8 816
7S0.800.000
1,221.290
11.439.200
27.075,871
IS 0=1.000
19 130.000
25.170,000
67. !02.0.,6
29.7 00 000
31,740 000
9.000 000
19,310 631
26 129,318
27.009,000
The Poor.—“Remember the poor,” said the greatest
philanthropist the world ever saw, or ever will see. The
filled faces in our streets—the shivering boy in his tat
ters, hurrying along—Ihe bowed widow gathering her
thin garments still tnoie closely around Iter .shrunken
limbs, to keep out the cold—and especially that old bent
woman, who is picking up chips beneath our window—
reminds ns that the s.-asonis at baud when this command
is particularly emphatic.
Remember the poor, for the wheel of fortune may. in
its unceasing whirl, place you among them in after
years.
Remember the poor, forlhev are your equals, and many
of them infinitely your superiors, in all but clothing and
lood.
Remember the poor, for kindness to them will return
back upon you a hundred fold.
Remember the poor, for the surplus in your hands be
longs to you btttas stewards for the suffering. That old
woman is starving!—dare you board it up, and let her
starve on? Send her some food, and Iter prayers and
blessings will fall upon your head like a shower of jew
els.
AUGUSTA COTTON MARKET, FEB. 2.
The receipts have been large since last Thursday.
Previous to the reception of advices by the Steamer of
tbe 4th of January, the market was inactive, holders and
buyers declining to operate at the then current rates.
But since, and particularly on Tuesday, the market has
assumed an active position, and there were many oper
ations effected, at an improvement on the previous
week's quotations. There is decidedly a better feeling
in the market, every thing indicates firmness and confi
dence in present prices, with the shade of advance ob
tained by holders. The sales were made chiefly at 5, 5
34, and 6 cents We must quote 4 1-2 to 7 as the ex
treme rates- —Constitutionalist.
From the time of the Conqueror, the taxes were cons
tantly diminishing. The people of England constantly
resisted monied oppression in every form. In that ttittch
traduce I hero. Wat Tyler, who brought the government
to a stand rather than pay a tax of otte shilling per load,
until assassinated by the cowardly myrmidon of the bas
tard's descendant, we observe the same stern resistance
to taxation which afterwards hurst forth iu Boston. At
the end of five hundred years, the taxes were twenty-
five per cent of those levied by the strong band of the
Conqueror. In 1666, at the revolution, when the peo
ple of England sent for a German lo rule over them, the
debt commenced. Mark iu rapid progress Two hun
dred years have not elapsed, and from £600,000. it lias
reached £800,000,000! This debt could not have been
created and if created, could not have been p.tid, had
the cntrency continued metallic.—This led to a new
invention—that of the issues of the Bank, the capital of
which is part of the debt.—Soon alter another species of
paper appeared—the Exchequer Bills. These emissions,
it will be observed, kept pace with the increase of the
debt and taxes. They fttrin the medium in which the
taxes are collected, and the interest and government ex
penses paid. We have not included in the table the
country bank circulation, which in 1816 was £22,137,-
000. so that from 1666 to 1816, about 150 years the debt
increased £864.000.000, and (he paper money £115,-
135,560. the whole paper in circulation in 1816. being
£ 116.354.854. The increase from 1791 to 1816 was
£75.785,654 without which the debt could not have been
so rapidly extended; and this increase of paper money
could not have been brought about, even in that time ol’
war. without a suspension of the Bank, nnd to allow of
the Bauk, to resume in 1822, it was reduced £58,573.
851.—From 1816 to this time, the people of England
have paid on an average, £50,000,000, or $250,000,000
per aim., less than one half of which went to the govern
ment aud the balance to the stockholders, who have
received £30.000,000, or $150,000,000 per annum from
their fellow citizens. This in a lapse of twenty eight
years, amounts to the incredible sum of $4,200,000.(H)0.
If lliissutn had been paid out of the kingdom, it would
long since have perished.—Its effect in the kingdom is
slower, but the same result is produced. There are
289,000 persons stockholders, who received the interest.
They hold £790.000,000 of stock, the value of which has
increased from 58 per cent in 1810. to 94} now. At
the same time the value of the produce of labor has
declined in the same proportion.
Notes from the Man in the Moon.
HENRY, or Harry of the West.
The littleness of Mr. Clay begins to display itself.
He possesses all the trickery of Cssar, without the slight
est touch of his energy or decision of character. Henry-
Clay is a mere “ad captain!nut vnlgos” man. He came
to the “Rubicon,” on his Southern Electioneering Plot—
but he fled back to ,4s/tland and to itsirs/ies. He could not
“Pass the Rubicon”!
His hoy Charley was not with him: that, probably,
was the reason. O 3 May be. however, the Private Com
mittees of Invitation from Macon, Savannah, Augusta,
and Milledgevilie, met hint on the way. and told him that
Torn Thumb had prophesied to the following effect:
“Dust to dust.
Ashes to ashes.
And clay to Clay."
SO MOlfPlT BE.
The people of Louisiana have determined in favor of
a State Convention by a vote of 14,396 for and 4,030
again* it-
6CRAPS FROM THE TABLRT8 OFA LOOKER-ON
I saw in tbe last Georgia Journal a paragraph which
stated that Henry Clay had arrested his Electioneering
Tour on the maritime frontier of Alabama, after his po
litically profane visit to New Orleans. There is some
thing very significant in all this The appearance of that
‘•bold aspiring man,” upon ihe theatre of Andrew Jack
son’s renown, was an insult to the glory of the Octoge-
iterian Chief and a mockery of the hest affections of pa
triotism. But Henry Clay was politically wise in arrest
ing the canvass of his election on the maritime frontier
of Alabama. He well knew that his infamous official
conduct, in relation to the Creek and Cherokee coun
tries. was of too recent dale to he forgotten, nnd that a
storm of public indignation would have annihilated him,
had he dared t have polluted the soil of Georgia, South
Carolina, or Virginia, (his own native State,) with his
disorganizing anil iinhollv presence.
I have perceived that the Georgia Journal, is one of
the most clamorous and open-mouthed bullies that fol
lows in the train of (Henry Clay, to “lick his spittle.”
But yet. notwithstanding, that decent and veritable pa
per has not even raison the regularly nominated Clay flag
—indeed, it dare not hoist it under the editorial head, ill
the same plain dealing way the Recorder has done, and
still continues to do. This is the most shallow and mis
erable piece of political trickery and hypocrisy that ever
was played off by an addle-paled pot-house demagogue
—it is almost equal to the ridiculous slanders and assin-
ine roarings of the pettifogging Tombs of Wilkes.
The "tricks of trade” are numerous, and disgusting,
and in none are they more glaring than in unprincipled
politicians. Hav ing no fixed principles, they cannot and
will not erect any moral standard to regulate their con-
duet. and are altogether reckless of consequences. Like
Soldiers of Fortune, dining the olden time, thev are
beasts of prey who delight in general distress, and pub
lic calamities, which they nre always industriously en
gaged in creating, because il is the {only pabulum upon
which they can live.
Let me cite an instance; The Georgia Journal and
its compeers, like dirty birds that foul llieir own nests,
have been, for vears past, indefatigably engaged in aba
sing the people of Georgia, depreciating the character of
the State, aud destroying the credit of its monetary af
fairs. Having partially effected their object, they have
fattened upon their iniquitous labors; aud note, to screen
their culpability, they are shedding crocodile tears for the
"dear people." because they have, for the last twelve
months, succeeded, with the aid of an infamous Broker,
in making the honest merchant, and the laborious and enter
prising planter nnd mechanic, lose fifty cents in the dollar
upon the soundest currency in the State !
The Georgia Journal is still engaged in this morally
treasonable crusade against the character and credit of
t e State, and against the best interests of ti e people—
that paper is speculating upon their necessities:—if it were
not so. it would not burr stuck the Treasurer’s Circular in
an unusual and suspicions corner of its last issue, with the
eciilcnt intention if hiding from the people a salutary mins-
ure of relief If this w as not the object of the Journal,
why did it not call public attention to the Circular ?
THE LOOKER-ON.
AN ACT to compel parties plaintiffs in the several
Courts of this State, where the plea of usury is filed,
to discover on oath the truth or falsehood of the facts
stated iu such plea, or to allow the defendant, in case
of refusal by the plaintiff, to establish the facts contain
ed in such plea, by his own oath, without a hill for
discovery.
Sf.c 1. Be it enacted by the Semite and House of Rep
resentatives of the Stole of Georgia, in General Assembly
met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same.
That from and after the passage ol this act, that in all
cases iu the several Courts iu this .Siate, where ttie plea
of usury shall be pleaded, the party plaintiff in such case,
upon notice of such plea, accompanied by a copy ofsnch
plea, aud which shall be served upon said plaintiff, his
agent or attorney, within one mouth front tire filing of
such plea of the case in the Superior or Inferior Court,
and w i.hin ten days, if the case is in any Justice's Court,
or any other Court, discover on oath hy his written affi
davit. to he made before some officer legally authorized
to administer an oath, whether the fact or facts set forth
in said plea, ate true as to the usury; and whether or
not the contract upon which saiil suit is brought was usu
rious; aud such written affidavit may be read in evidence
on the trial of said case bv either party.
Sfc. 2. And be it further enacted by the authority a-
forcsoiil. That if any party plaintiff'shall fail or refuse to
make the discovery, as provided in the first section of
this net. that the party defendant in said case may make
an affidavit, in writing, before any officer authorized to
administer an oath, of the truth of the (acts set forth iu his
plea as to the usury therein pleaded; aud said affidavit of
llie defendant may he read on the trial by either party to
said case.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted by the authority a-
foresaid. That the party where affidavit is used as evi
dence. as provided in the first or second sections of this
act, shall he put upon the stand, and cross-examined hy
the other party as other witnesses.
8t:c. 4. And lie it further enacted by the authority a-
foresaid. That ail laws, aud parts of laws, militating a-
gaiust this act, be, and the same are hereby repealed.
WILLIAM B. WOFFORD,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
ROBERT M. ECHOLS,
President of the Senate.
Assented to 28th December. 1842.
Charles j. McDonald,
34 Governor.
Fatted itates District Court.
DISTRICT OK GEORG!
IN BANKRIPI’CI.—In the matter of Charles B. Cl a,,
key, architect,Ilf the city of Savannah. Gmugm
Th* alatve described Charles B. Cluskey, haring thi,
day, filed bis petition praying ihnt he may he deelar ,| ,
Bankrupt, and the Court having assigned th • sixteenth il lv Q e
March neit, at eleven o'clock, A M., a: llie Court |I,i,ue j„
the city of Savannah, for the hearing of the same; tn,: u . a
thereof is hereby given to all persons interested, *lnt th y
may appear at th'- time and place aforesaid, and show
cause, if any they hare, why the praverof th“ petitioner
should not he granted. GEO. GLEN, Clerk.
Savannah, Jan. 23, 1843. 3t
United States District Court.
DISTRICT OF GEORGIA
IN BANKRUPTCY.—In the matter of John Jones, 0 f
Rnekersville, Elbert county, Georgin. merehtm.
The above described John Jones, having this ,| a y
filed his petition praying that he mny he declared a Rank-
nipt,and the Court having assigned tin-sixteenth dayof 11 nr(-h
next, nt 11 o'clock, A. M-. at the Court House in the city
of Savannah, for the hearing of ihe same; notice thereof i,
hereby given lo all persons interested, that thev mav appear
at llie lime anil place aforesaid, and show cause, if am ih-y
have, why the prayer of the petitioner should not lie grant.
ed.
Savannah, Feb. I, 1813.
GEO. GLEN, Clerk.
AN ACT to amend an act to defiue the mode in which
costs, undet the act entitled an act to revise and amend
an act for ascertaining the fees of the public officers of
this State, passed the 18th December, 1792, assented
to 20th December, 1834. shall be taxed and collected in
future.
Whereas, in some of the Circuits of this State, a vari
ety of pl an ice in relation to the taxation and collection
of costs, has obtained, iiuderliie above recited acts; for
the purpose of rendering the mode and practice uniform,
and consistent with the design of the Legislature in said
enactments:
Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Sr note and House of Rep-
reseututirrs of the Stute of Georgia in General Assembly
met, and it is hereby enacted by ihe authority of the same.
That, from and after the passage of this act, suitors shall
not be required to pay the Cou.t costs, or any part there
of. at the several progressive steps or stages of their
suits, as has been required hy the decisions of some of
the Courts. But the mode heretofore practiced in other
i'nilcd fiUntes District Court.
DISTRICT OF GEORGIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY.—In th» matter of Thomas J. Jen.
nings, of the r ity nf Augusta, Georgia, merchant.
The above described Thos. J. Jennings, having this t I-,y
filed his petitiim praying that he may he declared a Rink-
rupt.nnil the Court having assigned I hesixleeui It dayof flnrch
next, at 11 o’clock. A M. at lh« Court House in llie city
of Savannah, for the tearing of the same; not-r'- thereof la
hereby given to all persons inn-rcste,t, ihat they may appear
at the rime aud place aforesaid,arid show cause, if any th-y
have, why I he prayer of the potilioner should n >* he grant
ed. GEO. GLEN, Clerk.
Savannah, Jan. 31, 1843. 34
United Stsites District Court. "
DISTRICT OF GEORGIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY.—In the matter of James o g
Thomas, of Hancock county, Georgia, Doctor of medicine.
'I he above described Jam s O I! Thomas, having
this day filed In* petition praying that It" may lie ije,.|.-,-,,|
a Bankrupt, and the Court having a-sigm-d the tliirlieih
dayof March next, at eleven o’clock, A. M., at ih* Court
House in the city of Savannah, fiir ihe hearing of the same,
notice thereof is hereby given to all persons intercsteil ;hit
they may appear at the time anil place aforesaid, and shny
cause, if any they have, why tile pra'er of ttie petitioner
ah uld nol he granted. GEO. GLEN, Clerk.
Savannah. Feb 1, 1812. 34
United Stains District Court.
DISTRICT OF GEORGIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY.—In thn matter of William ll\m-
ilton, of the vmnty of Bibb. Georgia merchant individual
ly, anil as one of the late firm of Hamilton it Reynold.,, of
Macon in 8nid county.
The above th scribed William /f million, having this day
filed hi- petition praying that be may lie declared a Rank-
root,and the Court having assigned the sixteenth davnf M in i,
nix’, nt eleven o'clm-k, A .M, at the Court House iu the 1 iy
of Savannah, forth* hearing of thesame; noliee thereof «
hereby given C.i all |iersons interested. Ilint they mav npn>ar
at the lime and place aforesaid, and show ranse. if any :key
have, why the prayer of the petitioner should stoi he gram-
ed- GEO. GLEN, Clerk.
Silvan 1 ah, Feb. 1,1,843. 34
United States District Court.
DISTRIC T OF GEORGIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY.—In th» matter of Edmund S.
Barnes, of the county of Hancock. Georgia, farmer.
The above described Edmund S. Barnes, having this
day, filed his p-litnm proving that he any he declared a
Bankrupt, and the Court having assigned the thirtieth day of
March next, nt ! 1 o’cloi k, A. ,tl , at the Court House, in die
city of Savannah, for the It aringof the same; notice tlierr-
of is her by given to all persona interested, that they may
appear nt the tim- anil place aforesaid, and show eanse.tf
any they have, why the prayer of the petitioner should nut
he granted GEO. GLEN,Clerk.
Savannah, Feb. 1, 1843. 31
United States District Court.
DISTRICT OF GEORGIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY.—In the matter of Thomas
Carter, of Newton county, Georgia.farmer.
The above described Thomas Carter, having
this day, filed his petition praying that he mav he
declared a Bankrupt, and the Court having assigned the
sixteenth da y of March next, at 11 o'clock, A. If., at
the Court House ill the city of Savannah, for the hear
ing of the same: tiotice is hereby given to all persons in
terested, that they may appear at the time aud place a-
foresiid, and show cause, if any they have, why the
prayer of the petitioner should not be granted.
GEO- GLEN, Clerk.
Savannah. Feb. 3,1843. 34
Uuitod states District Court.
DISTRICT OF GEORGIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY".—In the matter of John Har
per, of Newton county, Georgia, farmer.
The above described John Harper, having this
day. filed his petition praying that he may he declared a
Bankrupt, ami the Court having assigned the sixteenth
day ol March next, at 11 o’clock. A. M., at the
Court House in the city of Savannah, for the hearing of
thesame; notice is hereby given to a!! persons interested,
that thev may appear at the time and place aforesaid,
aud show cause, if any they have, wfiy the prayer of the
petitioner should not he granted.
GEO. GLEN. Clerk.
Savannah, Feb. 3, 1843. 34
Uuileri Slates District Court.
DISTRICT OF GEORGIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY.—In the matter of Cavil 0.
Jackson, formerly merchant, uow school master, of
Troup county. Ga.
The above described Cavil O. Jackson, having tiiii
dav filed his petition praying that he may he declared a
Bankrupt, and the Court having assigned the sixteenth
day of March next, at eleven o’clock, A. M.,at the
Court House in the city of Savannah, for the hearing ol
the saute; notice thereof is hereby given to all per-oru
interested, that they may appear at the time and place
aforesaid, and show cause, if any they have, why the
prayer of the petitioner should not be granted.
GEO. GLEN, Clerk.
Savannah. Feb. 3, 1843. 31
United States District Court.
DISTRICT OF GEORGIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY'—In the matter ol George W
Ross, formerly merchant anil planter, now attorney at
Courts, viz: the taxation o! the costs which plaintiffs j law, of Columbus, Muscogee couutv. Georgia, and one
were supposed to have paid lo the entering up of judg- 0 f the late firm of George \V. Ross," & Co., and of Ross
merit in the judgment of the plaintiffs, be, and thesame j and company.
Is hereby declared to be the true intent and meaning of | The above described George W. Ross, having this
tbe act nt J792, upon this subject; and that the officers j day, filed his petition praying that he may he declared a
of Courts he, and they are hereby prohibited from de- | Bankrupt,and the Court hav ing assigned the thirtieth day
"landing or receiving the costs or lees, which the said J of March next, nt JJ o’clock, A. M.. at the Court House
fee hill, or the acts amendatory thereof, prescribes, until ! j n the city of Savannah, for (lie hearing of the same;
after judgment; and then to be raised tiv execution ol ■' nonce thereof is hereby given to all persons interested,
plaintiffs from defendants, it enough can he collected lor t that thev mav appear at the time and place aforesaid,
stteli purposes; il not. then, upon the return of the fi la ! anil show cause, if any thev have, why the prayer ot
or fi fits against defendants, with the entry of nulla bona 1 the petitioner should not he granted.
endorsed thereon, bv the proper officer, ti faorcasa shall ” l ’”
immediately issue against plaintiffs, for the purpose of
making costs out of plaintiffs.
8ec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all laws, nnd
paris of laws, militating against any of the provisions or
directions ofthis act, be. and the same are hereby repeal
ed. WILLIAM B. WOFFORD,
Speaker of the House of Ki presentalives.
ROBERT M. ECHOLS,
President of the Senate.
Assented to 27th December, 1842.
ciiakles j. McDonald,
34 Governor-
AN ACT to lew and collect, a tax for the political year
.1843.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate nod House of Repre
sentatives, of the tstate of Georg a, in General Assembly
m t, nnd it is hereby ennrted by the authority aforesaid,
Thnt in addition 10 (lie tax authorized to tic lev ed atul col
lected hv an act, assented to, nn the 23d day of December,
1840, there be n-ses*rd and roJlerted hy the several Receiv
ers nnd Collectors ofthis State tweniy five per cent, on the
amount ufstirh property, as is now taxable hy the art afore
said. ami all other ads of which that act is amendatory.
s ac 2 lie it further enacted by the authority aforesaid.
Thnt Ills Excellency the Governor, he. and he is hereby att-
lltorized to suspend the issuing Commissions, to tax col
lectors of tins Slate, until the first day of April, in those
counties in which the Superior Courts are held in Jnlv, An
gus! or September, that the tax rolleetors in all sueli eonnj
ties he, and they nre hereby allowed until the first day of
April, to mnko their final settlement with Ihe Comptroller
General, instead of the n:»l of January, as now prescribed
hy law. Provided, 'I hat all such tax collectors shall pay
into the Treasury, as now required by law, all the taxes
due the Slate, except th» amount of their Insolvent nnd De
fault lists. Provided, however, Thai if any surplus should
arise from this tax, that the same shall be applied to the
put incut of the public debt to Reid, Irvin & Co.
WILLIAM B. WOFFORD,
Speaker of the House of Representatives
ROUT: M. ECHOES,
President of the Senate.
Assented to, 27th Dec., 1842.
Charles j. McDonald,
** Governor.
AN ACT to amend nn act, “entitled ait act. to impose a
tax for the support of Government, for the year 1841,
and from thence afterwards," assented to the 23d
December, 1.840.
Sec. 1. Beit enacted by the Sevan and Houseof Rr.prt
sentntiees of the State of Georgia, in General Assemlly met,
and if is hereby enacted by the authority of the snow,
T hat Irom and after the passage of iliis act, the Receivers
ot lax returns fir the several counti-s of this Stnie, shall
make out nnd return 10 the Comptroller General’s office, a
separate Digest fir each year, of all I tnds returned by per
sons of their respective counties, lying and being in other
I'ounties than those in which the persons returning Ihe same
ntav respectively reside, nnd I* the du;y of the
Comptroller General, lo transmit forthwith to the Clerks of
the Superior Courts of the several counties ofthis Slate for
the use of llieir counties, u list of the lands lying and being
in llieir respective counties, together with Ihe names nf the
person* owning the Mfn* 1 , and iIm county in which (fiey
may nsqircltvely reside, any law or u.-age to the contrary
rou\ ltimtaiuiing
WILLIAM B. WOFFORD.
Speaker of the Houseof Representatives.
ROBT. M. ECHOLS,
President of the Senate.
Assented lo, 27th Dec.. 1842
charles j. McDonald,
, 34 It Governor. ,
Administrator’s Sale.
TI/^ILL lie sold at Site residence of Renben Y. Ray,
V T late of Heard enmity, deceased, on the third day
or March next, a part of the perishable property belong
ing to said deceased, sold for the benefit of the creditor*
ol said deceased.—Terms made known on the day.
Jan-11,1843. W*. G. KAY.AdmV.
Savannah. Feb. 3. 1843.
GEO. GLEN, Clerk.
34
luiK'd States l»islr»«-t Court.
DISTRICT OF GEORGIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY’.—In the nuxlterof Thomas H
Smith, late merchant of Columbus, in the county of
Muscogee. Ga.
The above described Thos. II. Smith.Imvins this ilar.
filed his petition praying that he maybe declared J
Bankrupt, and the Court having assigned the ti.tr! e:h
day of .March next, at 11 o’clock. A. M.. at the Coat!
House, in the city t.f Savannah, for the hearing of the
same; notice thereof is hereby given to all persons inin-
ested. that tliev mav appear at the tune and place afore
said, and show cause, if any they have, why the pttjn
of the petitioner should not be granted.
GEO. GLEN. Cierk-
Savannah. Feb. 3,1843.
United State* District Court. ) /jf Ban krntcj
District of Georgia. S
A lexander Bellamy, of Griffin. Pike*™®-
ty, late merchant, of the firtt s of A. Bellamy A I
and of Alexander & Bellamy, of Griffin. Pike coontv
Georgia, a Bankrupt, having filed his petition, p 1 *’**
that a full discharge from his debts mav he decreed a®
allowed, aud a certificate thereofbe granted to him—
tice is hereby given to all creditors who have pf 0 '"
their debts, and other persons in interest, to appe.ir.n's
Court House in the city of Savannah, on the tirerax
day of May next, at eleven o’clock. A. M-. to -h"" 1 •
why such discharge and certificate shall nothe**® 1 )*
GEO. GI.1.N. Clerk
Savannah. February 3,1843.
31 H‘
United States District Court. ( j fJ
District of Georgia. \
J OHN G. HILL, late contractor on the Montr®^
and West Point Rail Road, of the firm <>l Hd■■ ' f
ter & Hill, and late merchant of the firm of A. >‘j •
& Co., of Griffin, Pike county, Georgia, a
having filed his petition praying that a full discharge' ^
his debts 'may be decreed and allowed, and a certi
thereof lie granted to him—Notice is hereby g' vl '" ^
creditors w ho have proved their debts, and other I””' ",
in interest, to appear at the Court House in
Savannah, on the twentieth day of-May next, at e.
o’clock, A. M-, to show cause why such discharge
certificate shall not be granted. . ,.
GEO. GLF.N.Flcr*;
Savannah, February 3, 1843.
34 1"
United States District Court. ( j, fiaukru?tej-
District of Georgin. S . _i„.,
A UGUSTUS HAYWARD, merchant, of /
Georgia, late one of the firm of Hayward ®
commission merchants, of Columbus, Georgia, anil 0 ^ j „
of Ihe firmer firm of Hodges. Demarest & Co... J 1 '
sephs, Florida, nod one of the owners of the "h"' | ^
ton, of St. Josephs, Florida, a Bankrupt, havintt
p-lition praying lhai a full discharge from lu> th ' 1 ' 3 ^ [5
decreed anil allowed, and a certificate I here >1 h-*
him; Notice is hereby given to all ereditors wls* aa
their dpltts, and other persons in interest, to spp"S_ . ^
Court House in the city of Savannah, on the tt >,r
of May next, at eleven o'clock, A. M , to»lt"" 0
auch discharge and certificate shall not he e ron '. r |j. 1
GEO.GLEN-t**
Savannah, February 3. 1841 — -r - *
United States District Court. I /„ pnnknflJ
District of Georgia. ) nvf'
J OHN HANNON, of Macon county. «•»'"*'?• ,*•
> Bankrupt, having'filed hi* pet Won ir , rref ,l «'*'
full discharge from Ills debts may hr 1 [(J j,i*
allowed, and a certificate thereot be e a ^ h: ,#
—Noliee is hereby given to all er*d"“ r * .1 pt*f
proved their dehu and other persons in into' • ^
nt th* Court Hott.-e in the coy of ’ A . *■*
twentieth day of May next, at eleven 0 ^'^sllf
■how muse why auch diacharge andrero • ^-k.
ba granted. GEO. (*-** 34 1«
Savannah, Fab. 3.