Newspaper Page Text
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OAMPBEI.JL & ARMSTRONG,
Editors and Proprietors.
TEBIIS*
r.miz jnzmsuaiL
Is published weekly, in the Darien Bank Building,
Three Dollars per annum, payable in advance, or
To uR Dollars if not paid before the end of the year.
No subscription will be received for less than a year,
nor will any paper be discontinued until all arrecr-
uats art paid. J
The paper will uot be sent to any person onto! the .
State, until the subscription money is paid in advance, !
or satisfactory reference given.
Advertisements conspicuously inserted at the ;
usual rates. Those sent without a specification of the ^
number of insertions, will be publisl-ed until ordered
out, and charged accordingly.
Sales of land and negroes, by Administrators, Ex- |
editors, or Guardians, are required by law to beheld
on the first Tuesday in the month, between the hours !
ofteniu the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at
VOL. XVII.]
.1/JILCINrCI'iLLE, GEORGIA, JIVVII *3, 1846.
[NO. 2.
the Court-House iu the county iu which the property
is situated. . .
Notice of these sales must be given in a public ga
zette sixty days previous to the day of sale.
Notices for the sale of persoual property must be
given i
of sale. , ,
Notices to the debtors and creditors of an estate
must also be published forty days.
Notice that application will be made to the Court
of Ordinary, for leave to sell Laud or Negroes, must
be published for four months.
Citations for letters of Administration, must be
published thirty days—for dismission from Admin
istration, monthly six months—for dismission from
AGRICULTURAL^
THE FARMER.
The following just and beautiful descrip
tion, we extract from the addiess of the
lion. Mr. Rowan, of Kentucky.
“Who is there among us that beholds the
condition of our farmers, and does not ex-
--- - - - . , i nit in the consciousness that he is an Amer-
n like manner, forti lavs previous o t ie ay, j canc j t j zen< atl( j pant to superadd the char
acter of the farmer! The house of the far
mer is the abode of virtue. It is a school
in which lessons of practical wisdom are
taught. It is a temple iu which the precepts
of our holy religion are inculcated. It is
the castle of sovereignty, for it is owned by
- . | its occupant, and he is a freeman. It is the
Kules for foreclosure of mortgage must be pub- residence ox peace, order, harmony ana
iisbed monthly for four months—for establishing tost happiness. Patriotism and piety unite in
papers, for the full sjjn.ee of three months—for com-. consecra t.j n nr the place, and suffusing every
nellins titles from Executors or Administrators,! ' 3 . .* . . . °
wherea bond has been given by the deceased, the full , countenance with then u net in. .
space of three months. i Indeed what condition in life 13 so likely
Publications will always be routiuued according i to produce tliai patriotism, which will stand
to these, the legal requirement*, unless otherwise or- ^h e country firmly upon emergencies, or
^AM business of this kixxd will receive prompt atten- 1 that piety which will afford solace in ex-
tiou at the Federal Union Office. 1 tremity, as that of the farmer! lie occupies
Letters on business must be post jiaiil t0 entitle j a ct>ns tant, intimate, and sensible relation
them to attention.
with heaven. His mind is subdued with a
love of order, hv constantly beholding that
which prevails around him; the regular suc
cessions of day and night, and of seed time
and harvest, admonish him to the obser-
W ILL attend the Superior UourU ot the conn- vance of regularity and order in all his con-
ties of Bibb, Baldwin, Wilkinson, Washing- duel. He perceives that the sun and moon
perfotm their circuits without loitering on
their way, arid learns from them that indus
try is required at his hands. He looks to
heaven through its rains and dews, fur the
j reward of his labors in the abundance of his
W iJ L PRACTISE LAW in the several conn- ; TT , ., i i e
ties of the Flint circuit. crops. He makes the sacred volumn of
I revelation the man or his council, and the
source of his consolation. He unites with
j his wife and children in tones of supplica-
I tion, and strains of praise around the family
3VO HUMBUG! ! a ] tarj 0 n the morning and evening of each
Bat one of the Best Remedies for Bowel j day. He acknowledges no sovereign but
J heaven and the, people: be bows with ap
propriate reverence to the will of each, and
exults in the freedom of his own, fir horn-
GEO. W. FISH,
•Ittorneu Itur,
MACON GA.
r ILL attend the Superior Courts of the coun
ties of Bibb, Baldwin, Wilkinson, Washing
ton, Twiggs, Pulaski, Dooly, Macon and Houston.
Any professional business entrusted to his care,
shall he attended to with all promptness and fidelity.
Jan. 22, 164G.tf—S4
W. T. «V A. II. COLQUITT
’ILL PRACTISE LAW in the severulcouu-
lies of the Flint circuit.
W. T. Cor.qutTT, La Grange, ?
A - H. Coi.quiTT, Moron. $
(Office in Macon.)
Dec. 3,1845. *f—36
Derangement ever yet Discovered!
DR WOODRUFF’S
DYSENTERY CORDIAL,
For Diarrhoea, Dysentery, Cholera Mor
bus, Cholera Infantum and Summer
Complaints of Children.
age is a free will offering claimed at his hand
by the convictions of bis reason; his con
victions are conducted by hisjudgment and
not his fears in bis devotion. Matron chas
tity and infantile innocence sweeten, and
religion hallows the at mosphere of his
home.”
TILLING THE EARTH.
For tilling the earth, some people go up-
T IIIS iuvaluable Remedy has now been in use
some six or seven years in the South. Its ef
fects frequently are so speedy and beneficial, that j
very many are led to exclaim, “It actslike a charm.”
It is specially suited to a warm climate, prepared |
Darticnlarlv for it, and fora Ions time testeifeiii it , , . - . , ,
with the best of success.. It is offered as one of the j on Ute princip.e that regulates their busi-
best remedies for bowel complaints, and is superior ness intercourse with men. They must be
to Opium, from the fact, that while it checks exces- | sure tu o- et the advantage of the trade; and
sive and watery discharges it corrects and regftlates, jf fa ; - be secure d without, they must
a t i]i„ omnp lime, the secretions nt the svstein. restor- I 7 J
ing
liver and Secretory Organs generally. Innearlyeve-
ry case, it relieves pains immediately on being ta
ken. allays Nausea at the stomach, and Irritability of
ihe bowels, relieves burning sensation of the stom-
acliand bowels, thirst, tenesmus, or bearing down sen
sation of the bowels, cramps, resfiesness, &,c.. &c.
It c m be administered to young or old, in any quan
tity, with perfect safety, and may be trulyjregarded as
a Restorative to Nature when the human frame has
been prostrated by disease.
TESTIMONIALS OF ITS VALUE.
Columbus, Geo., 1845.
We, tiie undersigned, having made use of Dr.
Woodruff 1 s Dysentery Cordial on ourselves, or ill
our families.and some of us for years, are prepared
to testify to its value and excellence. In all bowel
derangements, we find it to be speedy in its effect,
giving relief generally as soon as takeu, and curing
entirely, in a very short time. It has a high reputa
tion in this city and vicinity, and is in
the same time, the secretions of the system, restor- , “ UJ,S mu,u,u -“ c J
j a healthy action, to a greater or less extent, to the j cheat and deceive the person with whom
they deal. And they think to practice the
same artifice on old mother Earth. You
will see them on the grounds in the spring
as sly as dogs, apparently calculating that
the earth has forgotten the exhausting crops
that were taken from her the last year—
perhaps they will give a sprinkling of ma
nure, and throw it so as to make the earth
think there is a noble lot of it. Well, they
go to work. But the earth won’t be cheat
ed. She will reward every man according
to his works, and tell the truth in the au
tumn. You cannot get the advantage of
her, as you can with human customers.—
Treat her well and she will reward your
very general expenditures and toil; but attempt to cheat
10 be . a sa f® and efficient reme- | h and she will make you sorry for it
dy; and all that the proprietor says of it, which can- , , J J
not be said in regard to Patent Medicines generally! I When harvest comes.
We are satisfied that it is no humbug, but a valuable,
safe, and efficient remedy for the diseases above
named.
N. Worthy, M. D., Macon city. Ala.
John M. Bethune, Esq., Judge of the Infr. Court,
Columbus
1). P. Ellis, Merchant, “
W. L. Jeter, late Pub’r. of the Col’s.Titnes, “
Josephus Echols, Esq., Judge Infr. Court, “
Wiley Williams. Attorney at Law, “
Colonel A. B. Ragan. “
John J McKendree, J. P. and Alderman, “
L. F. W. Andrews, M. D., Editor of the
M uscogee Democrat, “
H. T. Greenwood, Merchant, “
James N. Bethune, Attorney at Law, “
G. W. Bedell, Postmaster, “
(i. W. Turrentine, Treasurer of the City, “
J. M. Turbox. Bookseller, •<
G B. Phole. Jeweller. “
It. N. R. Bard well, Alderman, “
Jaines F. Green, “ “
Thomas J. Abbott, “
v A. Bradford, “
W. H. Griswold.
S. R. Andrews, Esq., “
Daniel J Rees. City Constable. “
Rev. F.Ii B. W. Spivey, “
Rev. W. J. Rylander, “
Win. P. Yonge. Factor. “
N. M. C. Robertson, Esq., “
James Kellogg. “
Rev. Caleb W. Key, Savannah, Ga. Conferance.
Rev. G. J. Pierce, “ “ “
Hon. John H. Howard, Columbus, Georgia.
INDIAN CORN.
Keep the coni free from weeds; stir the
surface often; ttiin me corn in tlie hills, and
with a good soil you can scarcely fail of a
crop. Some farmers hill up their corn so
extravagantly, that it looks as if planted on
the summit of ridges. This is a bad prac
tice in any season, and in dry ones is most
injurious. Attention to the structure of the
corn plant, and the manner in which its
roots, particularly the upper or brace roots
are thrown off, would convince any one that
the practice of hilling is not demanded by
any thing in the structure of the corn plant,
and that unless the condition of the soil is
such as to require it, hilling should never
he attempted. It sometimes happens that
after the usual dressings have been given
to corn, and it is laid by for the season, a
rank growth of weeds will spring up, ow
ing perhaps to the corn not fully occupying
and shading the ground, and these are al
lowed, most injudiciously, to stand and per
fect their seeds. The farmer who goes o-
ver his corn for the sole purpose of cutting
down these weeds instead of allowing them
quainted with the Gentlemen in the foregoing list,
(vvitli some two exceptions,) and that their certificate
is worthy of all confidence; and I can also state that
I have used Dr. Woodruff’s Dysentery Cordial in
inv family, and found it efficacious—Given under
mv hand, this26th day of July, 1845.
B. BEASLEY-, Clerk.
~/tc Testimony /—An Inveterate Case
to encroach on his corn and ripen their
State of Georgia, ( I, Buckner Beasley, Clerk of 1 ' seeds to plague him hereafter, will find the
Muscogee Co. (the Superior Court in and for labour has been well applied, and the in-
the said county, do certify that I am personally ac-j crea sed crop will amply reward him.
utiamtpd with t.h« ivAntipmAn in tnp forponintr I * - i—_ .
INDIAN CORN FOR SOILING AND
FODDER.
We doubt whether the value of Indian
corn is more than hail known yet among
the generality of farmers; and if the unpar
alleled drought throughout the country last
Cured with One and a Half Bottles of the j summer should have a tendency to teach it
Cordial !! I to them, the terrible lesson may be looked
Dr. Woodruff: j upon as a mercy rather than a scourge from
Dear Sir,—For the benefit of the afflicted,I make j a benificent Providence. During the past
the following statement relative to your Dysentery | j ht month3 thousands of animals have per-
Lordml: In the spring of 1844, my wife was attack-I . ° ~ r 1
ed with Dysentery, which proved to be of a very in- ! Ished or been sacrificed for want of grass
veterato character, and which, notwithstanding we or fodder to sustain them, all of which might
applied every Remedy itijcoininon use, it continued have been saved and kept ill a good condi-
with increasing violence till the latter nart of the fol- • , j . «■ 1 ? c
lowing August; it seemed now that she could not had each farmer sown a lew acres of
lire much longer, and I had despaired of her recovery, i CCft'Il for soiling, and fodder. \\ e saw last
About this time, my eye caughtthe advertisement of, summer, on a light sandy soil, a crop of
hmtie fmm'vonr^A^'V’ 1 '. m ™ ecliatR, y obtained a , cor „ growing, which turned out six tons of
bottle trom your Agent, which, to mv surprise and ,? - ° ~ ,, ».
gratification, checked the progress of thedisease; excellent dry fodder per acre. It was sown
and by using one bottle, and p°art of another, a per-1 on the first day of July, in drills three feet
i apart. The land vva* ploughed deep, and
highly manured. This crop was the means
! of saving a superior herd of cows from star-
! vation. Henceforth, however promising
the grass and hay crop may he, let no far-
J'rrt cure teas performed.
Marion county, Ga , Au
JONES BROWN,
u, 1845.
A Hopeless Case Cured.
Dr- Woodruff:
Dear Sir,-A remarkable cure having been effect - j d entirely upon, it but let him
ed in the case of one of my cnildreH by the use of r J r r ..
your valuable Dysentery Cordial, I feel it but justice a few acres of corn for Slimmer soil-
to you. that l should give you a statement of the case ing, or to be cured for a winter’s use. He
for' publication. My child was attacked early in the will then be tolerably independent of a ca-
year with disordered bowels, which continued gradu- 1 nricion J 1
ally to get worse, until it was reduced to a perfect ” 3 season. .
skeleton, and by the family was given up as a hope- ' When corn is tolerably advanced in its
less case. Every remedy in common use had been growlh«it completely shades the ground,
resorted to. but without any benefit. This was i s aru ] tb edrouglit will have little effect upon
condition when we commenced using your Cordial. : f a i or/rAf . « lvm ,, t 1 •
Its benefit was immediate and permanent—it iniprov- ’ * ® . f may usually be grown m
ed rapidly, and now enjoys good health. Your Cor- dn " s than when sown broad cast; and if
dial, without doubt, has saved its life. Let all try it these drills be two and a half feet apart we
that R^ctfullv ltemedy ’ a “ d ^C^BALDWIN. 41 ' j belieVe k wUI be foU,,d belter than nearer
Russell Co., Ala., Dec. 8, 1845.
03“ For sale by MARTIN E. EDWARDS,
Milledgeviile, Ga.
Also by the following persons—J. R. Simpson &
Co., Sparta; H. S. Beeman, Mt. Zion, Hancock
county; Moses Daniel. Irwintoa, Wilkinson county;
francis S. Johnson, Clinton; A. R. Jackson & Co.,
batoutou; Hurd Huugerford, Monticello; and in
•he most of the counties of the State.
April 13,1846 44
especially in a very dry season, as the cul
tivator can be often run between the rows
stirring the ground effectually, and neutral
izing, in a measure the effects of dry weath
er. VVe recommend sowing at least one
acre of corn for every five head of cattle
kept on the farm. If there be an overplus
of hay, it is very easily disposed of.—Am.
Agriculturist.
TURNIPS.
Every farmer should make calculations
to raise some of the common or English tur
nip. For the table they are unequalled, are
cultivated with great ease while they re
main in good condition, are excellent food
for sheep, cattle, &c. The soil best adapt
ed to the turnip, is one abounding in vege
table mould; and hence newly cleared lands
are found to produce the best roots. Such
soils too, are exempt from worms, which
are apt to infest long tilled or highly manu
red lands. When we have not had such a
piece of land at command we have general
ly succeeded in getting good turnips, by
turning over in July a piece of clean rich
turf, rolling it smooth, and then harrowing
until sufficient loose earth for a seed bed
was provided. There is so much danger
of over-seeding in sowing turnips, that an
old saw recommends to the farmer when
going to sow turnips to leave his seed at
home. If too thick there can he no crop,
and thinning, a work of considerable la
bour must be adopted. Where such a
quantity of seed only can be used, it can
rarely be distributed equally; and hence it
has been found a good practice to mix the
seed with sand or ashes for sowing, as that
permits a more equal d ^ »sit of the seed.
A very fine light harrow should be used
in covering the seeds; and where such a
one cannot be had, brushing them may be
practised. One thing must not be forgot
ten, and that is, unless your land is clean,
it is idle to expect a crop of turnips. Much
benefit has been derived to the young tur
nip plant, particularly if attacked by the fly,
by spreading, or rather sowing, ashes pret
ty liberally over the field.—Albany. Culti
vator.
MAKING MANURE.
Every substance that is around the build
ings suitable for manure should be remo
ved for that purpose it will make an im
provement in neatness and in health. Soap
suds and the sink water should be poured
on the manure heap, or absorbed in loam
for dressing, or prepared as a liquid ma
nure to be applied to plants in a dry time.
Almost every animal and vegetable sub
stance is highly valuable for manure, and
even earths and minerals are useful -f ap
plied to soils of proper texture. Ashes, soot
old lime, mortar, bones, brickdust, sand
gravel, clay, are all valuable with a judici
ous application. Let nothing be wasted or
thrown aside as useless or allowed to be
neglected that can be used in the ameliora
tion of any soil or spot on the premises.
CUC UM B E RS—YE L LO W B UG S.
Some writer says he has always been
successful in protecting his cucumbers from
the striped bug, by making balls of clay, dip
ping them in spirits of turpentine, and set
ting one in every hill, or by dropping a lit
tle of the oil about the plants; but in the
latter case care must be taken not to let any
of the oil corns in contact with any of the
young cucumbers, as they will inevitably
be destroyed by it. This remedy is worthy
a trial.
TREATMENT OF SHEEP AFTER
SHEARING.
A correspondent of the Albany Cultiva
tor, says:—“The direction for a ‘compound’
for shearing sheep, that is given iu your
last number, leads me to make the follow
ing remarks respecting the treatment of
sheep generally after shearing. There is
nothing that conduces to the health and
comfort of sheep at this season more than
a cleau skin; any application that has that
tenuency will be ot service; anything to the
contrary must injure them, and the growth
and quality of their wool, in a greater or
less degree. Smearing of any kind is in
jurious at any season, but particularly so
after shearing, when the wool is short; it
stops the pores checks the growth of the
wool, and leaves it dry and brittle, far into
the season. If, when sheep are sheared,
there is a large hogshead of very strong
brine made, and as the sheep are shorn,
they are taken to it, and while one man
holds the sheep another takes a strong
scrubbing brush, such as floors are scrubbed
with, and after pouring some brine* along
tiie baek and shoulders, lie scrubs the sheep
well all over, until he raises a lather as with
sc ip, nothing more is necessary. The skin
is left bright, red, and clean. Every tick
and sheep louse instantly disappears, and
if the skin had any tendency to itch, it is
entirely cured; perspiration is promoted,
and the growth of the wool improved. In
this way I think that the general strength
of the sheep, to withstand the effects of any
storm, will he better promoted than by
smearing of any kind, which is never ad-
missable. Whenever this simple and cheap
plan is once adopted its effects are so obvi
ous that it will never be neglected by the
good shepherd, any season after, at shearing
time.”
POETRY.
From the N. Y. Evening Mirror.
Col. Cross.
BY F. L. W.
O’er Rio Grande, embattled stream,
Why booms the minute gun ?
Why pales the crescent moon her beam 1
A warrior’s race is run.
Not on the field, by foeman's blade,
In noble strife he fell;
Vile murderer lurked in ambuscade,
When horror shriek’d his knell.
With martial tread and flashing eye ,
His gallant comrades come.—
Revenge swells every bosom high,
Sad beats the muffled drum.
Deep in the dusky forest lair,
His mangled corpse they found:
Spaniard—the chapparat beware !
Blood consecrates his mound.
Iu line, the inarching squadrons wheel
Beside the soldier's grave;
The dirge notes steal, the volley peal,
The flag droops o’er the brave.
Martyr of fate, fame guards thy sod
To her who weeps alone,
With breaking heart turns to her God,
Stern vengeance will atone !
In glory shall his name be shrined,
Who, dashing on the foe,
The vile assassin slave to find.
Strikes the avenging blow.
Freedom, thy battle hour is nigh !
Swords gleam and war plumes toss ;
The army charges—Spaniards fly!
The watchword—“gallant Cross !*’
MISCELLANEOUS.
From the Talisman and Odd FelUics Magazine.
THE GREAT WEST.
Not one hundred years ago, how short
an era!—before the age ol railroads and
steam engines, the brave adventurer, whose
strong will and energy bade bim go forth
to the wilds of the West in search of ex
citement and better fortune.'as he stood up
on the dividing ridge of the AUeghanies,
looked back upon civilization and the seats
of industry he was about quitting, as he
thought, forever, to catch one farewell
glance at the distant village spire, the home
of his youth, and the scenes so full of the
sweet reminiscences of hoy hood, erehetook
his dark and tangled way amid the deep
wild-woods, whose boughs waved all silent
ly, as if their repose had been unbroken for
a thousand years.
He travelled slowly; for at every step
his progress was impeded by fallen tree and
tangled bush; still he progressed and indom
itable courage pushed on, waking the forest
echoes with song and careless laughter, nin-
gled with the resounding-blows and elarp
ringiug fall of the axe upon the resisting
wood.
Looking carefully to the right and left,
lie occasionally caught sight of half naked
and dusky forms, which stole like spectres
amid the gloom of the wild-wood, and hung
on his footsteps; watching an opportunity
to take the stranger unawares, and xuuish
his temerity by fixing his s;;alp befere the
opening of the wild chief's hut. Little
cared he, however, for the sharp twang of
the bowstring, the whistling arrow, the
frightful paint of the savage, or his still more
wild and unearthly yell, more full of terror
than the howl of the gaunt wolf, and the
scream of the panther.
At length he sat down upon the banks of
a bi-oad, deep, and rolling current. Never
had his eyes rested upon such a scene.—
Never had he beheld so mighty a river. He
paid the involuntary tribute of his wonder
and admiration at the handiwork of so vast,
so varied, so magnificient a creation. He
was filled with new and strange emotions,
as he stood upon the theatre of a new world,
the magnitude, the beauties, the resources
of which, were all unknown to the peace
and quiet loving citizens he had left upon
the plains beyond the dark, majestic moun
tains, which rose in high and rugged mas
ses behind him.
The soil was tick and exubeiant; here
grew everything in the most unbounded
profusion. Nature had lavished all her
charms on these her favorite bowers. Beau
tiful singing birds hung gracefully amid the
boughs of threes, whose rich foliage threw
back the kisses of the bright sunshine.—
From amid the copse wood peered the
blight eyes of the timid deer, with their
beautifully arched necks raised enquiringly
at the white stranger. Here was to he found
enough to satisfy the restless and bold in
truder; so he cleared an opening, and of
the fallen trunks of the trees, reared a sub
stantial homestead; then provident of the
summer’s departure he planted corn; en
closed his new fields as well as his limited
strength would allow. Little else was need
ed but to keep off the wild animals, and
their wilder companion, the red man.
He was brave: so were the wife of his
bosom and his children; together they re
sisted the murderous midnight assault.—
They feared nothing, for they relied upon
God, and prayerfully and earnestly went to
work to occupy a'land “flowing! with milk
umx noney." Other adventurers followed
the marks of his cartwheels, and came and
built their lodges beside him; these he re
ceived joyfully, for there was enough, more
than enough, for all.
The scene was rapidly changiug. The
deep forests gave way before the 6turdy
blows of the axe and the devouring fire.—
Waving fields of corn, and wheat, and green
pastures succeeded; but the grandeur of
the old solemn woods, was not altogether
gone; for if partly despoiled to give place
to the signs of industry and man’s until ing
energy, they still frowned along the sides
of the hills, and the borders of the dark
streams, whose waters danced merrily on to
the channel of the “great father of waters.”
But what were the thoughts, the feelings,
of the early adventurers, as they looked up
on the change their hands aud courage had
wrought iu the wilds, so far away from the
cities wfliich were fast rising to wealth and
greatness, beauty and power, along the At
lantic coasts] Did they dream of the mighty
results, which ere fifty years had passed a-
way, would spring out of the solitude, which
it had cost them so much pain and labor to
penetrate and occupy] We shall see.
Ten, fifteen, twenty years flew away; the
3ettlers had all the while been clearing a-
way the forest; erecting houses, and culti
vating their fields, which repaid their toil a
hundred fold; one day at work in the field,
the next, in arms against the implicable and
treacherous red man. Who can tell the
number of skirmishes, which had taken
place between the whites and their merci
less foes? There were deadly ambushes
and midnight assaults; the labor in the field
was unawares, pinioned, and borne away to
the foemen’s village. Bound to the stake,
he listened with composure to the taunts
aud insults of the Indian braves; looked lib
fierce enemies unquailingly in the eye while
the slow fire withered his flesh, and died in
the extremest agony, giving no signs of fear
to gladen his tormentors. The scalp was
torn from the head of the wife, mother and
daughter, and hung bleeding trophies in
the Indian village. Many a brave hunter
went forth in the morning and came back
no more; nor was he ever heard of again.
But still the work progressed; little meeting
houses sprung up here and there in the
wilderness. The Pioneer would worship
God, though lie was compelled to guard his
family to the Church with bis trusty rifle.—
Did he yet dream of that which followed?
He dreamed of it. If he did not, his less
intelligent enemy foresaw the change that
was soon to come over the hunting grounds
and the graves of his fathers, if his brethren
did not by one bold and bloody massacre
sweep away every white man whose foot
had recklessly trod the graves of their ven-
krated Sachems. The plan was formed;
runners were despatched to every tribe; all
the wild eloquence of the Indian orator
preached death to the whites, and glory to
the young brave whose tomahawk should
be bloodiest in the strife. The storm burst
at length, and long and bloody was the
struggle. The rifle in the hands of the
skilfud and brave woodsman was no play
thing; its messenger never sped on an emp
ty commission. It were long to tell of the
heroic deeds on both sides. The strength
of the Indians, their numbers, their des
peration, all were unavailing; broken, dis
pirited, and conquered, they abandoned
their hunting grounds and their honored
graves to the invader, who guided with his
left hand the plough and with his right,
grasped the deadly rifle.
The wars over, the adventurers gazed
around; many had fallen in the battle field,
but strange there should be so many left.—
Towns and cities had sprung up along ma
ny hundreds of miles; there began to be
communications among the settlers; they
learned each others wants, they provided
for each others safety, aud sought together
the unbounded wealth aud resources of the
couutry. The solitudes had budded and
were about to bloom.
There are yet to bo found among the
living some venerable aud aged people,
who participated in the strifes of the “dark
and bloody ground,” and other battle fields;
whose bodies bear the marks of honorable
wounds, and whose tales of startling and
thrilling interest, draw the admiring young
around the groat easy chair of the venera
ble “Grandfather,” in the long quiet even-
ingt. Hour after hour will the old veteian
recount the bold and daring deeds of those
who have long ago preceded him to the
grave; the night attacks of the savages; the
burning of log cabins; the bloody skirmish
es, and how he got his glorious wounds. Is
it wonderful that every noise is hushed in
the breathless and awe-struck attention of
the children! As the narrator grows tired,
and his eye lids become heavy, he draws a
long sigh with, “Ah me! how the times
have changed since I was a boy.”
And have the times not changed since he
was a boy! Then the light canoe shot out
from the cover of the bushes and trees
which overhung the banks of the mighty riv
ers, which course the Great Valley, scarce
ly disturbing the current with its ripple, its
timid guide casting suspicious glances a-
round, lest he should be set upon by a con
cealed foe.
Now, the leviathan steamers, an innu
merable fleet, have spread themselves from
the sources to the mouths of the hundred
streams, which irrigate the world’s garden
spot. These perform in from three to five
clays, the distance which it took months of
the most fatiguing labor to accomplish,
twenty-five years ago. Within fifty years
sparse and distant settlements, have grown
up into twelve magnificent States, free, in
dependent and sovereign; giving protec
tion and encouragement to a hardy, ener
getic and happy constituency, not nowcount-
ed by hundreds, but millions. Hamlets
have sprung into great cities, the seats of
wealth, industry, learning and the arts.—
Their long streets are thronged with intelli
gent and active citizens, seeking wealth in
a thousand channels. The long lines of
their extended wharves are crowded with
bales of merchandise, vast piled of boxes,
the rich produce of a thousand fields; steam
boats are loading and unloading rich car
goes, comprising the variety of a world’s
products. There can be seen no more ani
mated spectacle, than is daily presented by
the wharves of the magnificent cities, which
sit like enthroned queens upon the great
ruins of the mighty West, and the great
Lakes. The walls of these cities are but
just beginning to be built; trade has but
just commenced; the farmer is beginning
to learn the value of his acres; the boat
man has yet to contend with sand-bars and
nKotruotionn; Is o is oven impntioiit <*£ tlio
slowness of his vessel, (which divides the
water at a rate of from 10 to 20 miles per
hour only,) the model of whose keel has un
dergone a change every year, and yet she is
not perfect; perhaps next year will pro
duce a grander result than any that has yet
occurred; he does not know; he is about
applying a new principle to the steam en
gine; it will gain him a mile in the hour.—
Give her a lick ahead! he shouts to the be-
grimmed engineer. Eureka! how steadily
the graceful vessel obeys the helm as the
newly applied power drives her sharp bows
against the current! The mile is added to
her speed; her gratified Captain is in ecsta-
cies; he invites all hands to a treat. He has
the best boat, the neatest engine, the most
spacious cabin, the deepest hold, the long
est deck, the lightest draught. A delighted
passenger pledges the health and success of
the bold captain. There is a confusion on
-deck—all hands run to see what is the mat
ter. The Captain turns pale; the passen
ger no longer drinks the toast; a new boat is
passing them; she is the paragon. “Beat
en!” sighs the overtaken Captain, “I must
build a new boat.”
Such is the scene that is almost daily pre
sented on the mighty rivers of the West.—
But the thousand “floating palaces” which
bear to the Crcsent city the hundred mil
lions of the net products of the Great Valley,
will be doubled before the Declaration of
Independence is one hundred years old.—
Who can estimate the extent of the great
trade which the citizens of that vast region
will carry on with the world, when all un
necessary restriction shall be removed from
commerce? Industry and honest labor will
gather from the fatness of th? land, an in
numerable variety of productions; these
will repay the toil of the farmer.
While I waite, an American Republic,
after having won and maintained its Inde
pendence against the enemies of its liber
ties, has been merged into the sisterhood
of the Free States of America. Two of its
most distinguished citizens have appeared
on the floor of the Senate chamber of the
United States. The dead republic is a liv
ing, sovereign States’. Her people strike
up anew the hymn of Liberty and march
with quicker step and holier ardor to swell
the throng of freemen, pressing on to the
grandest human destiny ever attaiued by
civilized man.
Onward! onward! The finger of God
marks and controls the progress of the peo
ple.
GOOD ADVICE TO YOUNG MEN.
It is highly important, my young friends,
that you early acquii’e and establish habits
of economy in matters of expense. It is
important to your own present welfare to
your success in the world, as well as to the
welfare of our country. Young people are
apt to entertain extravagant and absurd no
tions oClife, to estimate their enjoyments
by the money they cost; to choose enjoy
ments which are expensive, and connected
with display. But you may depend upon
it, the most valuable enjoyments are easily
obtained; they cost but little money, and
are within the reach of all, ol the poor as
well as the rich. If a person’s design
is to secure such privileges and enjoy
ments only as are connected with virtue,
with sobriety, intellectual improvement and
elevation of character, he may cairy his de
signs into operation with very limited funds.
It is dissipation, sensual enjoyments, enjoy
ments which Lave no moral tendency—it is
such enjoyments as these that cost money,
and often put young persons upon disagree
able expedients to meet their expenses.—
The truth is, men’s indispensable wants axe
few; but those wants which their own folly
have created, or which the absurd customs
of society have imposed—those wants are
all expensive, and they do more than a lit
tle to prevent young people rising in tiie
world; to introduce vicious tastes, discour
agements, habits of intemperance, and
crime.
MEXICAN PRESIDENTS.
Iturbide—Emperor of the limited mon
archy established after the separation from
Spain—exiled, returned and shot, 1S22.
Gen. Victoria, the first President, elect
ed IS24, with Gen. Bravo as Vice Presi
dent, who denounced Victoria, but was beat
en surrendered aud banished.
Gen. Pedraza, was elected April, 1828
over his opponent, Gen. Guerrero, who
used violence to displace him; he was aid
ed by a force with Santa Auua at its head,
who was defeated and made his escape.—
In 1828 (October) a mob headed by ex-
Marquis Cadena seized the government,
Pedraza fled, aud
Guerrei-o was declared elected, with
Bustamente for Vice Px-esident. Soon af
ter that, Bustamente revolted, civil war en
sued, which ended in the execution of
Guerrero in February 1831, at Ojaca, leav
ing
Bustamente in the President’s chair. In
1832 Santa Anna marched from Vera Cruz
to the capitol, made Bustamente resign in
favor of Pedraza, then in exile in Philadel
phia, who returned and served out the re
mainder of his trem of the 1828 election;
aud then
Santa Anna was elected in May 1833—
taken pxisoner at the battle of San Jacinto
in 1S36; Bustamente was then in exile in
France, but returned on bearing of the cap
ture of Santa Anna; and
Bustamente was elected. Santa Anna
on obtaining his liberty, was in x etirement
some time on his estate, then took the field
against Bnstamente in 1841, and drove him
from power; and
Santa Anna became President in 1841,
and being deposed by
Gen. Herrera, who sent him to Havana
in exile; and then Herrera was deposed by
Taredcs, who usurped the Presidency,
and is now, 1846, the military despot.—N.
Y. Globe. ^
NEVER SAY* FAIL.
The great secret of success in life is nev
er to give up. If we were to leave a lega
cy to our childxen, and nothing belter, we
should bequeath to them as their motto,—
“persevere.” More is lost than people sup
pose by want of well directed energy—we
do not mean that energy which comes by
fits and starts, but a careless tenacity of
purpose, assisted by sound common sense,
in the affairs of life. Your weak minded
men who give up at the first rebuff, are
good for nothing. Great souls only achieve
immortality by dint of untiring persever
ance. Look at Columbus, he was seven-
tGon yeaiM in procuring tbe fleot which dis
covered a world. See how Washington
toiled year after year amidst constantly re
curring disappointment, laboring too, un
der the want of money and the suspicions
of Congress; but be persevered, and our
independence was achieved. John J. As-
tor says it was more difficult to earn his
first thousand dollars, than to amass all the
rest of his twenty-millions. He means, re
ally, that the hahits of enterprise, activity
and perseverance, which he found necessary
to earn his first thousand dollars, remained
afterwards with him as a habit, and assist
ed by capital, easily achieved his enormous
fortune. Most of our men have been poor
like him. Do not despair, therefore. Let
your watchword be, “never fail!” Rise su
perior to your fortunes, and you will yet be
great and rich.
THE PRESIDENTESS.
We copy the following sketch of Mrs.
Polk, from the Boston Traveller. The
Correspondent of this paper, speaks from
personal knowledge. He says:
“The ‘White House’ has been almost un
interruptedly for fifteen years without the
wife of the Presidents’ presiding. Soon
we were joined by the porter, and were
conducted to Mrs. Polk’s room. The
reception room of the President’s lady was
every way worthy of the mausion. It was
superbly furnished, the whole furniture be
ing new, and the style unique and elegant.
The arrangement was inelegant taste, show
ing at once the presiding influence there,
was refined and elevated. I had heard
much of Mrs. Polk; much of her elegance
of manners and superior beauty. Soon
Mrs. Polk entered the room, and with an
ease and grace hade us welcome to the
mansion. She is truly an elegant lady.—
No report of her appearance or manners
that 1 have ever seen, has done her justice.
She is tall finely formed, dark hair, dark
eyes and of great pei sonal beauty. Her
manners are easy, yet dignified. No one
can see her and not feel that she is a fit rep
resentative of the beauty, intelligence and
refinement of our American ladies. Mrs.
Polk is decidedly religious. She does not
hesitate to acknowledge her dependence
upon God. Yet is her piety not obtrusive;
nor her regard for religious things made
offensive by prominent.”
MACKLIN’S ADVICE TO HIS SON.
“I have often told you that every man
must be the maker or marrier of his own
fortune. I repeat the doctrine, he who de
pends upon his incessant industry and in
tegrity, depends upon patrons of the no
blest and most exalted kind; these are the
creators of fortune and fame, the founders
of families, and can never disappoint or de
sert you. They control all human deal
ings, and turn even vicissitudes of any unfor
tunate tendency to the contrary nature.—
You have a genius, you have learning, you
have industry, at times, but you want per
severance, without it you can do nothing.—
I bid you bear this motto in your mind con
stantly—Perseverb.”
From the Union.
OFFICIAL DF.8PATCHE8 FROM THE AR
MY IN MEXICO.
Headquarters Army of Occupation, \
Camp mar Matamoras, May 16,134G. )
Sir:—I have now the honor to submit a
more detailed ieport of the action of the
8th inst.
The main body of the army of occupa
tion marched, under my immediate orders,
from Point Isabel, on the evening of the 7th
of May, and bivouacked seven miles from
that place.
Our march was resumed the following
morning. About noon, when our advance
of cavalry had readied the water-hole of
“Palo Alto,” the Mexican troops rvere re
ported in our front, and were soon discov
ered occupying the road in force. I order
ed halt upon reaching the water, with a
view to rest and refresh the men, and form
deliberately our line of battle. The Mexi
can line was now plainly visible across the
prairie, and about three quarters of a mile
distant. Their left, which was composed
of a heavy force of cavalry, occupied the
road, resting upon a thicket of chapparal,
while masses of infantry were discovered
in succession on the right, greatly outnum
bering our own force.
j Our line of battle was now formed in the
I following order, commencing on the ex-
I ti'eme right: 5th infanuy, commanded by
Lieut. Col. McIntosh; Major Ringgold’s ar
tillery; 3d infantry, commanded by Captain
L. N. Morris; two 18-pounders, command
ed by Lieut. Churchill, 3d artillery; 4th in
fantry. commanded by Major G. W. Allen;
the 3d and 4th regiments, composed the 3d
brigade, under comma u J of Lieut. Col. Gar
land; and all the above corps, together with
two squadrons of dragoons under Captains
Ker and May, composed the right wing,
under the orders of Col. Twiggs. The left
was formed by the battalion of artillery
commanded by Lieut. Col. Childs, Captain
Tuncan’s light artillery, and the Sth infant
ry, under Captain Montgomery—all form
ing the 1st brigade, under command of Lt.
Col. Belknap. The train was packed near
the water, under direction of Captains
Crosman and Myers, and protected by
Capt. Ker’s squadron.
At 2 o’clock we took up the march by
beads of columns, in the direction of the en
emy—the 18-pounder battery following the
road. While the columns were advancing,
Lieut. Blake, topographical engineers, vol
unteered a reconnoisance of the enemy’s
line, which was handsomely performed,
and resulted in the discovery of at least two
I batteries of artillery in the intervals of their
cavalxy and infantry. These batteries were
soon opened upon us; when I ordered the
columns halted and deployed into line, and
the fire to be returned by all our artillery.
The 8th infantry, on our extreme left, was
thrown back to secure that flank. The first
fires of the enemy did little execution, while
our 18-pounders and Major Ringgold’s ar
tillery soon dispersed the cavalry, which
formed his left. Captain Duncan’s battery,
thrown forward in advance of the line, was
doing good execution at this time. Capt.
May’s squadron was now detached to sup
port that battery, and the left of our pcsi-
tion. The Mexican cavalry, with two pieces
of artillery, were now reported to be mov
ing through the chapparal to our right, to
threaten that flank, or make a demonstra
tion against the train. The 5th infantry
was immediately detached to check this
movement, and, supported by Lt. Ridgely,
with a section of Major Ringgold’s battery
and Capt. Walker’s company of volunteers
effectually repulsed the enemy—the 5th in
fantry repelling a charge of lancers, ai;d the
artillery doing great execution in their ranks.
The 3d infantry was now detached to the
right as a still further security to that flank
yet threatened by the enemy. Maj. Ring-
gold, with the remaining section, kept up
his fire from an advanced position and was
supported by the 4th infantry.
The grass of the prairie had been acci
dentally fired by our artillery, and the vol
umes of smoke now partially concealed the
armies from each other. As the euemy’s
left had evidently been driven back and left
the road free as the cannonade had been
suspended, 1 ordered forward the 18-pound
ers on the road nearly to the position first
occupied by the Mexican cavalry, and caus
ed the 1st brigade to take up anew position
still on the left of the 18-pounder battery.
The 5th was advanced from its former posi
tion and occupied a point on the extreme
right of the new line. The enemy made a
change of position corresponding to our
own, and after a suspension of nearly an
hour the action was resumed.
The fire of artillery was now most de
structive—openings were constantly made
through the eueray’s ranks by our fire, and
the constancy with w’hich the Mexican in
fantry sustained this severe cannonade was
a theme of universal remark and admira
tion. Capt. May’s squadron was detached
to make a demonstration on the left of the
enemy’s position, and suffered severely
from the fire of artillery to which it was for
some time exposed. The 4th infantry
which had been ordered to support the 13-
poundcr battery, was exposed to a most
galling fire of artillery, by which several
men were killed and Capt. Page dangerous
ly wounded. The enemy’s fire was direct
ed against our 18-pounder battery and the
guns under Major Rmggold in its vicinity.
The Major himself, while coolly directing
the fire of his pieces, was struck by a can
non ball and mortally wounded.
In the mean time the battalion of artillery
under Lieut. Col. Childs had been brought
up to support the artillery on our right. A
strong demonstration of cavalry was now
made by the enemy against this part of our
line, and the column continued to advance
under a severe fire from the 18-pounders.
The battalion was instantly formed in
square and held ready to receive the charge
of cavalry, but when the advancing squad
rons were within close range a deadly fire
of cannister from the 18-pounders dispers
ed them. A brisk fire of small arms was
now opened upon the square by which one
officer, Lt. Luther, 2d artillery, was slightly
wounded, but a well directed volley from
the front of the squadron silenced all fur
ther firing from the enemy in this quarter.
It was now nearly dark and the action was
closed on the right of our line, the enemy
having been completely driven back from
his position and foiled in every attempt a-
gainst our line.
While the above was going forward oa
our right and under my own eye, the ene
my made a serious attempt against the left
of our line. Captain Duncan instantly per
ceived the movement, and by the bold and
brilliant manoeuvreing of bis battery, com
pletely repulsed severJ successive efforts
of the enemy to advance in force upon our
left flank. Supported in succession by tbs
Sth infantry and by Captain Ker’s squad
ron of dragoons, he gallantly held the ene
my at bay, and finally drove him, with im
mense loss, from the field. The action here
and along the whole line, continued until
dark, when the enemy retired into the chap
paral in rear of his position. Our army
bivouacked on the ground it occupied. Du
ring the afternoon the train bad been mov-