Newspaper Page Text
VOL.XV1I.]
«i«PBELL & ARMSTRONG,
Edi tors and Proprietors.
TEB.llS.
tihiz jFEmsx®a
li pjhlijhed weekly, in the Darien Bank Building,
Three Dollars per annum. payable in advance, or
Four Dollars ifaot paid before the end of the year.
No subscription will be received for less than a year,
„,rwill any paper be discontinued until all arrear-
a'res art paid.
The pap^r wiUuot be senttoany person out ofthe
State, untilt he subscription money is paid in advance,
or satisfactory reference given.
\overtisemem rs conspicuously inserted at the
usual rates. Those sent without a specification ofthe
im i )cr of insertions, will be published until ordered
out and charged accordingly.
Sales of land and negroes, by Administrators, El
ec a tors, or (iiiardians, are teqnired by law to beheld
*i n" tlie first Tuesday in the mouth, between the hours
often in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at
the Court-House in the county in which the property
s situated.
Notice of these sales most be given in a public ga
zette sixty days previous to the day of sale.
Notices for the sale of personal property must be
r-ivi-n in like manner, forty lavs previous to the day
of sale.
Notices to the debtors and creditors of an estate
must also be published forty days.
Notice that application will be made to the Court
of Ordinary, for leave to sell Land or Negroes, must
he published for /our months. -
Citations for letters of Administration, must be
published thirty days—for dismission from Admin
istration. muntlily sir. months—for dismission from ]
(Guardianship, forty days. |
Rolfs for foreclosure of mortgage must be pub
lished monthly fur four months— for establishing lost j disease, and after all eminent medical skill had been
papers, for the full space oj three months—for com- : baffled in its effects to remove the disease or afford
pelling titles from Executors or Administrators, , lelief, apprehensions began to be felt by myself that
where a bond has been given by the deceased, the full she would not survive much longer under the in-
space of three months. tense agony in which she was laboring. I had re-
Publications will always be continued according course to your invaluable Cordial, and before she had
to these, the legal ref]iiirerneiits, unless otherwise or- j taken one bottle of it relief was obtained, and
mem
,JIIXI.EDGE*'IXEE, G£OJte/4, JIM1* 1§, 1847.
[ NO. 48.
The Remedy Needed
For Dysentery, Diarrhoea, Griping Pains
and Summer Complaint of Children.
D U. WOODRUFF’S Dysentery Cordi-
Sll has for many years past, been made use of
Housatonic river, thesum of seven hundred and twen \ Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That the assent
ty dollars; | of Congress is hereby given to the change of boun-
Incomplete the sea-wall for the protection ofthe : darv proposed in the first article of said constitution
light-bouse on Fair \V eatber island, near Black Rock, | to-wit: leaving the boundary line prescribed in the
act of Congres entitled ‘*An act to enable the people
ten thousand dollars.
IN RHODE ISLAND.
For a buoy on Briton's reef, near the entrance of
the harbor uf Newport, and for placing buoys on
Buckley rock. Race rock, arid on the east end of
particularly in tl.e South for the above named dis
eases, w ith the most happy and salutary effects. It
generally gives immediate relief—abating severe .I'.rix"' •■■■ -
pain generally as soon as taken, and correcting the ' W alch Hl!l ,eef ’ fol,r hundred dollars
stomach and bowels in a short time.
Just the thing needed for bowel derangement,
speedy, safe and salutary in its efoots—tty it.
Another Life saved by its use after the skill of
Physicians had failed.
From B. Gardner, Esq., editor of the Southern
Shield. Eufiiula. Ala.:
Dr. Woodruff :
Dr. Sir—I take great pleasure in testifv-
ing to the efficiency of vour Dysentery Cordial. Irom
testing its virtues in my own family. Mrs. Gardner
was last summer most violently attacked with that
of Wisconsin Territory to form a constitution and
State government, and for the admission of such
State into the Union.” at the first rapids in the river
St. I.onis. thence in a direct line southwardly to a
point fifteen miles east of the most easterly point in
rv vpiv vnvv ; la s ke , S, :.9 r ? ix - ‘hence due south to the main channel
in nt'a »UKK. ! of the Mississippi river or lake Pepin, thence down
r or a light house at the entrance of Cattaraugus the said main channel, as prescribed in said act.
creek, four thousand dollars; j Sec. 3. And be it further erected, That the assent
Fo r a red light on Governor’s island, one hundred I of Congress is hereby given to the resolutions adopt-
and fifty dollars; | ed by said convention and appended to said conslitu-
For a light house on Execution rocks, in Long [ lion, and the acisofCongressreferred to in said reso-
Istand sound, twenty-five thousand dollars : i lotions are hereby amended so that the lands thereby
For a beacon on Saudy Hook, three hundred granted and the proceeds thereof, and the five per
proctor’s fees simll hellio^'oTpmd ou't'of the said' 1 ^ rigadeS and . Jirisions ' either by alloting portions of
cost*.
Approved, March 3,1947.
[Public—50.1
J the same to the brigades and divisions of the regular
j army or volunteer forces in the service of the United
States, and if the efficacy of the service shall require
I it. to appoint, by and with the advice and consent of
AN ACT to give the consent of Congress to the sale 1 iJ , r ?. Sena ‘ e - such number of additional brigadier gen
of certain onrin* no * exceeding three, and
°if cer,a,n salt spring lands heretofore granted to
the States of Michigan, Illinois, and Arkansas.
major generals, not
exceeding two. as the organization of the said forces
may require: Provided, That each brigade shall con-
dered.
All b isiness of thii
lion at the Federal
Letters on busine:
them to attention.
kind will receive prompt atten-
Union Office.
s must be post paid to entitle
A. RUSSEL KELL AM.
attorney at law,
removed to. and is permanently located in,
Dublin. Laurens County, and willcontinne to
transact all business entrusted to his charge, with de
spatch.
October 0, 184G.
j after taking t\xo, was entirely cured, and I feel sure
! that 1 am indebted to it for her life. You car use
this a.s y on see proper.
BENJ. GARDNER.
Fufanla. July 15th, 1846.
(CT* For sale by
-12m
GIBSON CLARK,
A TTORNE Y A T LA IF.
ITIacon, Georgia.
March 8,1847. 39
DR. JOHN A. WRIGHT.
SLRGLON DENTIST.
eatonton, ga.
March 23,1847. 41—12m
L,
A TTORNEY A T LA W,
MACON, GEO.
Refer to Bishop Capers, Charleston, S. C.
A. B. I.o.vgstreft, L.E. D., Oxford,Ga.
Prof. Mei.l, Penfield, Gr.
Nov 24,184b. iy—24
Cloths.
^lUPFRFIXE and Common Black and Blne-
Black Cloths and Cassimeres—justreceivcd.by
n. McKinnon & co.
Macon, May 16 1646. 49
Denslow Webster’s
Agricultural and Seed Ware House,
Painters' and Glaziers' Furnishing Store.
SAVANNAH, GA,
rTlHANKEUL for the increased patronage from j
X the lilt lior of tiie State, the subscribers take |
this method to inform Planters and Merchants in the
interior that they have made large additions to their *> a
former assortment, and will continue to improve the i
Agricultural Branch as fast as the demand will warrant, j
\-ii<;iiltiiial Implements, Tools, Ac
Common Yankee Cast XronPloughs. Nos. XU, 11, and j
Corn, for 1 horse. I
Common Yankee Cast Iron Ploughs, Nos. 12 20 and
Seed for 2 horse. „ _ .
Common Yankee Cast Iron Ploughs, No. 0 Sub
Soil, for 1 horse.
Ruggi f.s’ Nourse’s and Mason s—
Improved cast Ploughs,' A 1,6 inches, 7 in., and No.
lf> for L horse.
Improved Cast Ploughs, Nos. A. 3, 2 B, and Eagle,
ImproXe'd'selfsharpening Ploughs Eagle, No. l,for
Improved self sharpening Ploughs, Eagle, Nos. 2 and
5 for 2 horses.
Side hill Ploughs, Nos. 0 and A 1, for 1 2 horses.
Sub-soil ploughs, Nos. 0. 1 and 2, for 1,2 and 4
Double Mould Board Ploughs, Nos. 1 and 2 for 1
and 2 horses.
Cotton and Rice Trenching. Nos. 1 and 2 lor 1 horse.
Ellen or Hoe Ploughs—Wrought Iron Ploughs, Nos.
J, 2, 3 and 4. foi J and 2 horses.
Improved Cultivator, witli guage wheel.
New pattern Corn and Cotton Cultivator and Scari
fier with guage wheel—very efficient instruments
for weeding on old lands.
Hoes.
AXES, various Brands. NAILS
Trace Chains, light and heavy, straight and twisted.
Ox and Log Chains.
Grind Stones, best blue Grit, and common.
Post Morticing Axes. Turpentine Axes and Tools.
X GOOD ASSORTMENT Of CARPENTERS’
TOOLS TOR PLANTATION USE.
xiacliines.
Corn Shellers for h..nd, a strong, good Article.
do with Separaler and Cleaner, for hand
or horse Power.
Corn and Cob Crushers, for hand or horse power.
Grant’s celebiated Patent ran Mills. Common do.
Spiral Knife, Straw and Fodder Cutters, 4 sizes ; for
hand or horse power. These are the most approv
ed cutters in use, and have given satisfaction where-
CommoiLLever Straw and Fodder Cutters.
Patent Cylinder Churns, 4 sizes,
and Corn Mills, 2 kinds.
Vegetable Cutters, for cutting turnips and potatoes
for feeding stock. A valuable machine.
Seed Sowers, for Garden seeds, peas, beans, &c.
Corn Planters.
Improved Iron Cylinder Spike Threshing .Machines.
Threshing Machines with straw Carrier.
Spring-beater Threshing Machines.
Roller Cotton Gins.
Folding Harrows, steel-pointed Teeth. Common do
Sundries.
Ground Augers, (new
pattern,)
; Laws ofthe United Stales.
| PASSED AT THE SECOND SESSION OE THE
TWENTY NINTH CONGRESS.
[Public—No. 50.]
AN ACT making further appropriation to bring the
existing war with Mexico to a speedy and honora
ble conclusion.
lie it enacted by the Senate and House of Reprise n-
I tatincs of the United St .tcs of America in Congress
| assembled. That whereas a state of war now exists
| between the United States and the republic, of Mexico,
which it is desirable should be speedily terminated
| upon terms just and honorable to both nations; and
j whereas assurances have heretofore given to the
j government of Mexico that it was the desire of the
President to settle aII questions between the two coim-
! tries on the most liberal and satisfactory terms, ac-
I cording to the rights of each and the mutual interests
and security ofthe two countries; and whereas the
| President may he able to conclude a treaty of peace j
j with the republic of Mexico prior to the next session
of Congress, if means lor that object are at his dispo
sal ; and whereas, in the adjustment of so many com-
! plicated questions as now exist between the two coun
tries. it may possibly happen that an expenditure of
money will he called for by the stipulations of any
treaty which may be entered into; therefore, the sum
of three millions of dollars he, and the same is hereby
appropriated, out of any money in the treasury not
otherwise appropriated, to enable the President to
conclude a treaty of peaee, limits, and boundaries
with the republic of Mexico, to be used by him in
the event that said treaty, when signed by the autho
rized agents of the two governments, and duly rati
fied by Mexico, shall call for the expenditure of the
same, or any part thereof; full and accurate accounts
hich expenditure shall he by him transmitted to
;ress at as early a day as practicable.
JOHN W. DAVIS,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
GEORGE M. DALLAS,
President of the Senate.
Approved, March 3, 1947.
JAMES K POLK.
Ox Yokes, complete,
Swingle Trees,
IiiiprovlU Grain Ciadles.
Patent Scythes,
Grass and Bush Scythes,
Briar Hooks,
Reap Hooks, or Sickles,
Froes.
Iron Wedges,
Garden Itnple
Dirt Scrapers.
Cotton and Store Trucks.
Wheel Barrows,
Shovels and Spades,
Manure and Hay Forks,
Cast Iron Segments for
Gin Gear, &c., &c.,
&c., dec ,
Seeds*
A complete assortment ol Garden
8eeds, in bulk
and in papers, lor retail trade
Works on Agriculture, raising of stock, A c.
Agents for the Sale of
Fitzgerald's Patent Burr Sto.vf. portable
Mills for grinding Corn. Wheat, &c.—several of
which are now in use in different parts of this State.—
Price .jv 5, and warranted.
Fairbank s Platform Sc ales, which, for dura
bility and accuracy, are superior to any in use. For
gale at New \ orkand Boston prices.
Goodyears Metalic Gum-Elastic Machine
Belting, which, lor all purposes, except light cross
belting, is superior to leather, as it does not stretch or
slide on the pully—2. 4. 51,64,7,9, it) and 12 inches,
on hand at Boston prices.
Planters can rest assured that for all ploughs sold
by us, they can procure any part :>f the cast iron wotk
if wanted for repair. No pains will be spared to
procure new and improved itnplementsand machines.
For sale at reasonable prices. Orders thankfully
received and promptly attended to.
Feb. 23, 1847.37—tf
Georgia, Twiggs county.
W HEREAS, Allen B. Beckcom, applies to me
for letters of administration on the estate of
Michael Young, late of said county, decased.
These are therefore, to cite and adminish. all and
singular, the kindred and creditors ol said deceased,
to be. and appear at my office within the time pre
scribed by law, to show cause why said letters may
not be granted.
Given under ray hand at office. April 16th, 1947.
46 LEWIS SOLOMON, c. c. o.
fiiieti Drillings, Drap dTta ,
,£V ND SUMMER CLOTHS—a goodassortmen
just received by N. McKINNON & CO.
Macon. May 19,1846 -49
[Public—No. 51.]
AN ACT to provide for the punishment of piracy
in certain cases.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House, of Representa
tives of the United States of America in Congress as
sembled, That any subject or citizen of any foreign
State who shall he found and taken on the sea making
war upon the United States, or cruising against the
vessels and property thereof, or of the citizens of the
same, contrary to the provisions of any treaty exist
ing between the United Slates and the State of which
such person is a citizen or subject, when by such trea
ty such acts of such persons are declared to be piracy,
may be arraigned, tried, convicted, and puniAied be
fore any circuit court of the United States, for the dis
trict into which such person may be brought, or shall
he found, in the same manner as other persons charg
ed with piracy may be arraigned, tried, convicted, aud
punished iu said courts.
Approved, March 3, 1847.
[Public—No. 52.]
AN ACT authorizing the erection of certain light
houses. and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Represen
tatives of the United States of America in Congress as
sembled, That as soon as a cession shall be made by
the States, lespectively, within the limits of which
any of the light-houses and other public works here
inafter frovided for may be situated, to the L T mted
States, of the jurisdiction over a tract of land, respec
tively, proper for the said light-houses and other pub
lic works, the Secretary of tiie Treasury shall cause
the said light houses aud other public works to be
erected ; and that he shall cause the light-houses and
other public works herein provided for. which may
he situated on such locations as are now within and
under the jurisdiction of the United States, to be
erected as soon as practicable ; and that the following
sums be. and hereby are appropriated, out of any
money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated,
for the purpi se herein specified, to wit:
IN MAINE.
For building a light house at Little river, iu the
town of Cutler, five thousand dollars;
For rebuilding a light-house at Mount Desert rock,
fifteen thousand dollars;
For building a light-house at Prospect harbor, in
the town of Gouldsboroitgh. five thousand dollars;
For a spindle on the South breaker, near White
Head light, three hundred dollars;
For placing buoys on Triindy's reef and Broad
Cove rock, in Muscle Ridge channel, to-wit: one at
each ofthe following places. Hay Island ledgp, Hur
ricane ledge, Shreves’s ledge, Spence’s Head Island
ledge, Long ledge, and Muscle ledge, two thousand
dollars.
IN NEW HAMPSHIRE.
For rebuilding the light-house on a rock called the
i Whale’s Back, twenty-five thousand dollars, inclusive
of a former appropriation fora breakwater to protect
that light house.
IN MASSACHUSETTS.
For such a beacon as may be deemed necessary by
the Secretary of the Treasury on a rock called the
*• Londoner,” near Thatcker’s Island, six thousand
dollars ;
Fora li gut house on Minot's rock, in Boston har
bor, twenty thousand dollars;
For three spar buoys in Welfleet harbor, four spar
buoys at the mouth of Westport harbor, and for nine
buoys aud a beacon in Buzzard’s bay two thousand
dollars;
For a lisht-boat to he stationed near a reef of rocks
at the entrance of the Vineyard sound, called the Sow
and Pigs, ten thousand dollars; or for a permanent
light-house on said reef, as the Secretary of the Treas
ury may deem best;
For buoys on Hatsel’s rock, Mill rock, and three
buoys on the spit, in and near the harbor of Edgar-
town; for a buoy at Rrockport; for a buoy off* Brant
point. Nantucket; for beacons or buoys on Harbor
rock, Clam rock, Elisha’s ledge. Fort point, and Black
rock, in the harbor of Gloucester, two thousand dol
lars; for a buoy-boat on the east end ol Tuckermuck
shoal, and one on the end of Great or Sandy point
rip. eight hundred dollars;
Forrepairsto the causeway between the light-house
and shore at Edgartown, five thousand dollars.
IN CONNECTICUT.
I or a light house on the North Dumpling in Fish
er s Island sound, five thousand dollars;
For a beacon o n the southwest ledge, in New Ha
ven harbor, one thousand dollars;
For rebuilding the light house at the entrance of
New Haven harbor, at a place to be designated by
the Secretary ofthe Treasury, ten thousand dollars;
For buoys at the following places, viz: One on
Moulton’s ledge, in New London harbor, one on the
outward end of the northeast bar of “ Two Tree
Island,” one on the north end of Bartlett’s reef, one
on the south end of the Great Goshen reef one on
White rock reef in Black Point bay, and one at the
dollars ;
For a beacon on the south side of Staten island,
three hundred dollars ;
For three beacon lights on the river St. Lawrence,
at the passage of the “Thousand Isles.” oue at the
head of the Narrows, one at Low Rock islet below’
Alexandria, and one at the shoal below Crossover
island, six thousand dollars ;
Fora light-house on 'Feller’s point, on the Hudson
river, four thousand dollars ;
For furnishing the light-houses on the Atlantic coast
with means of rendering assistance to shipwrecked
mariners, five thousand dollars, the same to be un
der the control and direction of the Secretary ofthe
Treasury.
IN PENNSYLVANIA.
To continue the construction of the lighthouse on
J the Brandy wine shoals, in the Delaware river, thirty
‘ thousand dollars.
IN NEW JERSEY.
For a beacon-light at the corner stake (so called)
between Elizabethtown point and Shorter’s island,
and also for a small light or lantern at Shorter’s island,
five thousand dollars ;
For a light-house on the south end of Tucker’s
I beach, six thousand dollars ;
For a buoy in the south channel of New inlet, near
Tuckerton. eighty dollars;
For placing buoys iu Little Egg Harbor, four hun
dred dollars.
IN DELAWARE.
For buoys to mark the channels discovered by the
coast surveyors in Delaware bay, three thousand three
hundred dollars.
IN MARYLAND.
For a beacon-light at Greenbury point, at the
harbor of Annapolis, three thousand five hundred
dollars.
IN VIRGINIA.
For a buoy on Sand Shoal inlet, in Accomac, one
hundred dollars.
IN NORTH CAROLINA.
For a light-house on Boddy’s island, twelve thou
sand dollars, a former appropriation of five thourand
dollars having been carried to the surplus fund ;
For a floating light, to take the place of one now otT
Brandt island, which is too much decayed for repair,
fifteen thousand dollars.
IN SOUTH CAROLINA.
I* or a light-house on South island, on the southern
edge of Winneyah entrance, five thousand dollars;
For a light-house at the entrance of Santee river,
one thousand dollars ;
For buoys in Bull’s bay and Santee river, one
thousand dollars;
For beacons to guide vessels over Chaileston bar,
three thousand dollars.
IN GEORGIA.
I or placing a lantern, lamps, and reflectors upon
the beacon already erected upon the “ Oyster beds.”
in Savannah river, and for a small house for the keep
er. two thousand dollars;
For erecting a small tower and a keeper’s house
upon the east end of Long island, in said river, also
for a similar tower and house on the east end of Fig
island, in said river, six thousand dollars;
For a buoy at Sapelo inlet, one hundred dollars.
In FLORIDA.
For a light-house at Cary’s Fort, reef, the sum of
thirty thousand dollars, heretofore appropriated and
carried to the surplus fund, is hereby reappropriated.
For a light-house on Egmont key. at the entrance
of Tampa Bay. ten thousand dollars;
For a light-house at Cape Canaveral, twelve thou
sand dollars;
For a light-house at Cape St. George, eight thou
sand dollars;
For a light-house at Cape Sr. Bias, eight thousand
dollars;
Fora light house at Key West, the old one having
been destroyed by a tornado, twelve thousand dollars;
For a buoy on “Rebecca shoal,” about twenty
miles east ofTortugas light, three hundred dollars. ’
For a screw-pile light-house on or near Sand key.
tiie light-house at that place having been destroyed by
a tornado, twenty thousand dollars.
IN MISSISSIPPI.
lor a light-house on Merrill’s shell bank, twelve
thousand dollars ; and the appropriation of » l>U» mm
for n light ori St. Joseph's island, on the third day of
March, eighteen hundred and thirty-seven, is hereby
repealed :
For a light house at Biloxi, twelve thousand dollars.
IN LOUSIANA.
For a light house on the “Bon Fouca,” three thou
sand dollars;
For a light house on South Chandeleur island,
twelve thousand dollars
IN TEXAS.
For the erection of a light-house on Galveston
island, fifteen thousand dollars;
For the erection of a light-house on Matagorda
island, fifteen thousand dollars;
For twenty wrought-iron buoys, to be placed in the
waters of Texas, five thousand dollars.
IN OHIO.
Fora beacon-light and preparing the head of the
pier for the same at Vermillion river, three thousand
dollars;
For a light house on Western Sister island, in
Lake Eiie, tour thousand dollars.
IN ILLLMOIS.
For a light house at Chicago, three thousand five
hundred dollars;
centum of the net proceeds cl the public lands, may
be held and disposed of'by said State, in the manner
and for the purposes recommended by said conven
tion: Provided, however. That the liabilities incurred
by the territorial government tf Wisconsin, under the
act entitled “An act to gram a quantity of land to the
I erritory of W isconsin, for the purpose of aiding iu
opening a canal to connect the waters of Lake Michi
gan with those ol Rock river,* shall be paid and dis
charged by said State: And frovided, further. That
the even numbered sections dong the route of said
proposed canal shall be brought into market, and sold
at the same minimum price, and subject to the same
rights of pre-emption to all the settlers thereon at the
passage of this act, as other public lands ofthe United
Slates.
Sec. 4. And be it frdkr enoeted, That it is made
and declared to be a fundumental condition of the ad
mission of said State of Wisconsin into the Union,
that the constitution adopted at Madison, on the six
teenth day of December, in the year one thousand
eight hundred and forty-six, shall be assented to by
the qualified electors, in the manner and at the times
prescribed in the ninth section of the twentieth article
of said constitution. And as soon as such assent shall
be given, the President of the United States shall an
nounce the same by proclamation; and therefrom, and
without any further proceedings on the part of Con
gress. the admission of said State of Wisconsin into
the Union, on an equal footing in all respects what
ever with the original States, shall be considered as
complete.
Approved, March 3,1847.
[Public—No. 54 ]
AN ACT to create an additional land district in the
Territory of Wisconsin, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Represen
tatives of the Lnited States of America in Congress as
sembled, That all that portion ofthe public lands lying
within the Territory of Wisconsin, north and west of
the following boundary, lo-wit: Commencing at the
Mississippi river on the line between townships twen
ty-two and twenty-three north, running therice east
along said line to the fourth principal meridian, thence
north along said meridian line to the line dividing
townships twenty-nine and thirty, therice east along
said township line to the Wisconsin river, thence up
the main channel of said river to the boifndary line
between the State of Michigan and the Territory of
Wisconsin, shall form a land district to be called the
Chippewa land district; and for the sale of the lands
in said district a land office shall be established at such
place therein as the President of the United States
may select.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, Tiiat the Secre
tary ofthe Treasury shall cause a geological examina
tion and survey of the lands embraced in said district
to lie made and reported to the Commissioner of the
General Land Office. And the President is hereby
authorized to cause such of said lands as may con
tain copper, lead, or other valuable ores, to be ex
posed to sale, givingsix months’ notice ofthe times
and places of sales in such newspapers of generalcir-
culation in the several States as he may deem expe
dient. with a brief description of the lands to be otfer-
d; showing the number and localities of the mines
known, the probability of discovering others, the
quality of the ores, the facilities of working the mines,
and the means and expense of transporting their pro
filed to the principal markets in the United States.
And all the lands embraced iu said district, not re
ported as aforesaid, shall be sold in the same manner
as other lands under the laws now in force for the sale
of the public lands, excepting and reserving from such
sales sectiou sixteen in each township for the use of
schools, and such reservations as the President shall
deem necessary for public uses.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That every per
son or persons who shall be in possession, by actual
occupancy, of a mine or mines, actually discovered
previous to the passage of this act. and who shall pay
the same rents as those who hold under leases from
the Secretary of War. and which rents accruing from
such occupants and ie«ees shall be paid and delivered
to such officer ofthe Government as the Secretarv of
the Treasury shall direct, shall be entitled to purchase
tiie lands on which the same is or are situated at any
time prior to the day ofsule fixed by the President, in
one hundred and sixty acres, to include\such^miine^r
mines, paying to the United States therefor at the
rate of five dollars per acre: Provided, That, prior to
any entry being made under the provisions of this
section, proof of possession and occupancy as afore
said of the mine or mines claimed shall be made to the
register and receiver of the land district, together
with the evidence of the payment of all rents due the
United States, agreeably to such rules as may be pre
scribed by the Secretary of the Treasury for that pur
pose, which register and receiver shall each be enti
tled to receive one dollar lor his serv ices therein.
Provided, That an appeal from the decision of the re
gister and receiver to the Secretarv of the Treasury
may lie had. under such regulations as the said Sec
retary ra iy prescribe. And if two or more persons
are in possession of the same quarter section, the first
occupant shall he entitled to a preference, unless the
same can be so divided by legal subdivisions as to
give to each the discovery claimed hy him.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted. That, the said
mineral lands shall be offered for sale in subdivisions
of quarter-quarter sections, and no bid shall be receiv
ed at a less rate thau five dollars per acre; and if such
lands shall not be sold at public sale, they shall be
i •. , j i .i c . jrruvuiea, i nai eacn ongaae snail con-
RmrP9t>ntn^ ^[ >use °f s ‘ sl not less than three regiments, and each division
Lpreuntaure.ofthc UnUcl SiatryfA mrnru m Cun- j of not less,ban two brigades: And pruned further,
anTlf t M l ' T h at‘tie State of ADchigan shall be, > That the said general officers shall be immediately
and hereby is, authorized and empowered to sell, in discharged from die service of tiie United States at
such manner as the legislature of said fctate shall by the close ofthe war with Mexico
law direct, the salt spring lauds granted to said State
for its use, by au act enti.led “An act supplementary
to the act entitled an act to establish the northern
boundary line ofthe State of Ohio, and to provide for
the admission of the State of Michigan into the Union
on certain conditions,” approved June twenty-third,
eighteen hundred and thirty-six.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That the State of
Illinois shall be, and hereby is, authorized and em
powered to sell, in such manner as the legislature of
said State shall hy law direct, the whole or any part
ofthe saline lands lying in Jackson county,said State,
which were granted to the State of Illinois, by virtue
of “An act to enable the people of the Illinois Terri
tory to form a constitution and State government, and
for the admission of such State into the Union on an
equal footing with the original States,” approved
April eighteenth, eighteen hundred and eighteen.
Src. 3. And be it further enacted, Thattbe State of
Arkansas shall be. and hereby is, authorized to sell in
such manner as the legislature of said State shall by
law direct, the whole or any part of the saline lands
granted to said jStato* br »; ~r . rr i ,. t
ary to the ant entitled “An act for the adinissiou or
the State of Arkansas into the Union, and to provide
for the due execution ofthe laws of the United States
within the same, and for other purposes,” approved
June twenty-third, eighteen hundredand thirty six.
Approved, March 3,1847.
Fora light-house at Littlefort, four thousand dollars. ; subject to entry at private sale at that price: Provided,
IN MICHIGAN.
For a light house at Monroe, three thousand dollars;
That no legal division or subdivision of any of said
lands upon which there may lie an outstanding lease
For a light-house at Clinton rivei, three thousand I or leases from the Secretary of War nnexpired or un
determined, and which is actually occupied for min
ing purposes, aud the occupants of which have com
plied with all the requisites of such lease or leases, and
continued to perform the same, shall be sold until after
the determination of such lease or leases by efflux of
time, voluntary surrender, or other legal extinguish
ment thereof, except in such cases as are provided for
the third section of this act, and the lessees respec-
dollars;
For a light-house near VVaugosiiance. the sum ap
propriated by the act of seventh July, eighteen hun
dred and thirty-eight, to-wit: twenty-five thousan 1
dollars, is hereby appropriated ;
For .a light house at Point au Barques, on the
westerly shore of Lake Huron, at the mouth of Sag
inaw bay, five thousand dollars;
For a light house at De Tour, where the river j lively, shall be entitled to the privilege secured by said
Sault Ste. Marie empties into Lake Huron, five
thousand dollars ;
Fora light-honse at While Fish point, on Lako
Superior, five thousand dollars
section upon the voluntary surrender of the lease or
leases held by them.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That the manage
ment and control ofthe mineral lauds shall be trans
For a light house at St. Joseph’s, three thousand j ferred from the War Dedariment, ar.d placed under
five hundred dollars;
Fora light-house at Cooper Harbor, Fort Wilkins,
Lake Superior, five thousand dollar
IN WISCONSIN.
For a light house at Southport, four thousand
dollars;
Fora light house at or near Tail point, at the mouth
of Fox river, four thousand dollars.
Sec. 2. And be it Jurther enacted, That the works
at Cary’s Fort reef, Florida; near Waugoshance,
Michigan: Minot’s rock. Massachusetts; Whale's
back. New Hampshire; Fair Weather island, near
Black rock. Connecticut; and Brandywine shoals, in
the Delaware river, Pennsylvania, shall be executed
under the superintendence of the Topographical
Bureau.
Sec. 3 And be it further enacted, That the light at
the Delaware breakwater shall hereafter be included
within the list of those established hy law.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted. That the fol
lowing named light-houses he, and they are hereby,
discontinued, to-wit: one at the west end of St.
George’s island and one at the entrance ol St. Jo
seph’s bay. in Florida; one at Cunningham’s harbor
and one at Otter creek.on Lake Erie; the light-house
on Otter creek not to be discontinued, however, un
til the light-house at Monroe be completed; and that,
whenever the light house on the Execution rocks.
Long Island sound, is completed, then the light at
Sand’s point, on Long Island, be discontinued.
Approved, March 3,1847.
[Public—No. 53 ]
AN ACT for the admission of the State of Wis
consin into the Union.
Whereas the people of the Territory of Wisconsin
did, on the sixteenth day of December, eighteen hun
dred and forty-six, by a convention of delegates called
and assembled for that purpose, form for themselves
a constitution and Stale government, which said con
stitution is republican; and said convention having
asked the admission of said Territory into the Union
as a State, on an equal footing with the original States.
Be it evaded by die Senate and House of Representa
tives of the United States of America m Congress as
sembled, That the State of Wisconsin be. and the
same is hereby declared to be, one of the United
States of America, and is hereby admitted into the
Union on an equal footing with the original States,
in all respects whatever.
the jurisdiction and control of the Treasury Depart
ment, and all books, maps, papers, instruments, and
other property procured to be used and employed in
| the management, survey, exploring or conducting of
! said mineral lands by the War Department, shall be
j delivered over and made subject to the disposition of
the Secretary of the Treasury.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That the Presi
dent, by and with the advice and consent of the Sen
ate, so soon as a sufficient number of townships are
surveyed, and returns thereof made to the General
Land Office, to authorize the commencement of the
sales in said district, shall appoint one register and
one receiver for the land office in said distict. who
shall reside at the place designated by the President
for the land office, receive such compensation, give
security, and discharge all duties pertaining to such
office asare prescribed by law.
Approved, March 3, 1847.
[Public—55]
AN ACT for the reduction of the cost* and expenses
of proceedings in admiralty against ships and ves
sels.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of America in Con
gress assembled. That in any case brought in the
courts of the United Stales, exercising jurisdiction in
admiralty, where a warrant of arrest, or other process
in rem. shall be issued, it shall be the duty of the mar
shal to stay the execution of such process, or lo dis
charge the properly arrested, if the same has been lev
ied, on receiving from the claimant of the same a
bond or stipulation in double the amount claimed by
the libellant, with sufficient surety, to be approved by
the judge ol the sa d court, or, in his absence, by the
collector of the port, conditioned to abide aud answer
the decree of the court in such cause; and such bond
or stipulation shall be returned to the said court, and
judgment on the same, both agaiust the principal and
sureties, may he recovered at the time of rendering
the decree in the original cause: Provided, That the
entire costs in any such case,in which the amount re
covered by the libellant shall not exceed one hundred
dollars, shall not be more than fifty per cent, of the a-
uiounl recovered in the same, which costs shall be
applied, first to the payment of the usual fees for wit
nesses, and the commissioner, where a commissioner
shall act on the case, and the residue to be divided,
pro rata, betweeu the clerk and marshal, under the
direction of the judge of the court where the cause
[Public—57.]
AN ACT to establish a port of entry at Sal aria, in
the State of Texas, and for other purposes.
Stc. I. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of tbe Unijed States of America in Con
gress assembled, That all that part of the Slate of Tex
as south and west of the counties of Matagorda and
Wharton, and includingsaid counties, shall be detach
ed from the district of Texas, and shall constitute a
collection district: That Soluria. on the northeasterly
part of the island of Matagorda, shall be the port of
entry for said district, and that Matagorda. Aransas,
Copano, and Corpus Christi, as ports of delivery
only.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That a collector
for the district of Saluria aforesaid shall be appointed
by the President, with the advice and consent cf the
Senate of the United States, who shall hold his office
for the terms and for the time prescribed by law for
the like office in other districts. The said collector
shall reside at Saluria aforesaid, and he shall be enti
tled to a salary not exceeding twelve hundred and fif
ty dollars per annum, including in that sum the fees
allowed by law, and the amount he shall collect in any
one year for fees exceeding the said sum of twelve
hundred and fifty dollars shall be accounted for and
paid into the treasury of the United States.
Snc. 3. And be it further enacted, That surveyors
for the aforesaid ports of delivery, lo-vvit: Matagorda,
Labaca, Corpus Christi, and Copano, shall be ap
pointed by the President, with the advice and consent
of the Senate, with authority to exercise all the pow
ers conferred by law on such officers; aud that the sal
aries of said surveyors at Matagorda and Labacashall
be at the rate of six hundred dollars per annum; and
of those at Copano and Corpus Christi shall be at the
rate of five hundred dollars per annum; and that there
shall be a deputy collector appointed according to
law, to reside at Aransas, and to exercise such pow
ers under the revenue laws as the Secretary of the
Treasury may prescribe; the compensation of said
deputy collector shall be the legal fee3 on the business
he may transact.and no more; and that the surveyor
for the port of Cavallo shall he discontinued.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted. That the survey
or for the port of Sabine shall be discontinued, and a
deputy collector shall be appointed for said port of
Sabine, with the same powers as the deputy collector
of Aransas, provided for in third section of this act,
whose salary shall be at the rate of one thousand dol
lars per annum.
Sec. 5. And be it farther enacted. That the salary
of ihe collector for the disirict of Texas, residing at
Galveston, shall be, from and after the thirtieth day of
June next, not exceeding seventeen hundred and fif
ty dollars, including in that sum the fees allowed by
law, and that the amount he shall collect in any one
year for fees exceeding the said sum of seventeen
hundred and fifty dollars shall be accounted for and
paid into the treasury of the United States.
Approved. March 3, 1847.
[Public—No. 58 ]
AN ACT relinquishiig to the city of Madison, in the
Stale of Indian*, ull the right and title of the Unit
ed States to a certain strip of unsiirveyed land ly
ing within the limits of said city, and bordering on
the Ohio river.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Represen
tatives of the United States of America in Congress
assembled. That alt the right, title, and interest ofthe
United States in and to all that unsurveyed strip or
parcel of land lying and being in the county of Jeffer
son, and State of Indiana, bounded as follows, viz:
Beginning at the southeast corner of fraction'll sec
tion number one; thence westwardly, along the south
line of fractional sections one, two, and three, all in
township “three” north of range “ten” east, until
said line strikes the southwest corner ofsaid fraction
al section numbered “three;’ thence from the corner
la^-t mentioned, due south, to low-water mark on the
Ohio river; thence eastwardly, up and following the
meanderiugs of the liver at low water mark, to a
point directly opposite the southeast corner of said
fractional section numbered one; thence north, from
the point last aforesaid, to the place of beginning of
the lands, lying and beingin the JefTersonville land dis
trict, be. and the same is hereby, vested in the city of
Madison, for the sole use and benefit ofsaid city.
Approved, March 3,1847.
[Public—No. 59.]
AN ACT to amend and net entttled an act to raise for
a limited time an additional military force, and for
other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Represen
tatives of the United Stales of America in Congress as
sembled, That under the provisions of the ninth sec
tion of the act approved February eleventh, eighteen
hundred and forty-seven, entitled “An act to raise for
a limited time au additional military force, and for
other purposes,” it shall be the duty of the Secretary
ofthe Treasury to issue Treasury scrip therein pro
vided, ou the certificate of the Secretary of War.
showing the claimant entitled thereto, and not other
wise; and that the stock thus issued shall bear inter
est from the day of presenting to the Treasury De
partmentsuch certificate of the Secretary of War in
due form, and the interest thereon shall be payable
on the first days of January and July in each year, and
shall be transferable on the books ofthe Treasury De
partment kept in the Register’s office.. Such certifi
cates of stock shall he signed by the Register of the
Treasury, under the direction of the Secretary.
who shall cause the seal of the Department to be af
fixed thereto, and no other signature shall be required
to said stock.
Approved, March 3. J847.
[Public—No. 60.]
AN ACT creating a collection district in Maine,
and constituting Bangor, in said district, a port of
entry and delivery.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Represen
tatives ofthe United States of America in Congress
assembled, That the counties of Penobscot and Pis
cataquis, and the town of Frankfort, in the county of
Waldo, be, and they hereby are, created a collection
district, which shall be known and called the district
of Bangor; and Bangor within said county of Penob
scot, is hereby made a port of entry and delivery for
said district.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That, there
shall be a collector of customs appointed for said dis
trict. together with such other officers asare provided
for by law; and the compensation of said collector
shall be such fees and commissions as he by law may
be entitled to.
Sec. 3 And beit further enacted, That I rankfort,
in the county of Waldo, shall form a part of said dis
trict of Bangor, in the same manner that it now forms
a part of the district of Belfast; and there shall be a
deputy collector at Frankfort, as is now provided by
law, who shall perform all the duties, and exercise ail
the powers, in the same manner as the same were
performed and exercised when Frankfort constituted
a part of the district of Belfast.
Approved, March 3, 1847.
[Public—No. 61.]
AN ACT making provisions for an additional num
ber of general officers, and for other purposes
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repressnta-
tives of the United States of America in Congress as
sembled, That the President of the United States be,
and he is hereby, authorized to organize the ten regi
ments to be raised by virtue ol the act of the eleventh
of February, eighteen hundred and f#rty-seven,into
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That there shall
be added to the Adjutant General’s depattment one
assistant adjutant general, with the rank and pay. and
emoluments of a lieutenant colonel of cavalry, and
two assistant adjutants general, with the brevet rank,
pay, and emoluments of a captain of cavalry, to be
appointed by the President, by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate, in the same manner, and
be charged wiih the same duties, as those authorized
by existing laws.
Sec. 3 And be it further enacted. That the Presi
dent be. and he is hereby, authorized to accept the
services of such of the volunteers now in Mexico as,
in his opinion, the state of the public service may re
quire, and who may, at the termination ofthe present
term, voluntarily engage to serve during the war with
Mexico; and to organize the same into companies,
battalions, and regiments, agreeably to existing laws,
and to commission the officers for the same.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted. That, in addi
tion to the pay and allowances provided for the vol
unteers now iu the service of the United States, un
der existing Jaws, each volunteer who shall reswter
co,Immediately" aH(?r f’n r c°^ U l a L ,h “ 3ct J n , ” exi f
service, shall be entitled to a bounty of twelve doffaiS,
to be paid as soon as the company shall have been
duly mustered and received be [by] the mastering
and inspecting officer.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted. That the Presi
dent be, and he is hereby, authorized to accept the
services of individual volunteers to fill vacancies which
may occur by death, discharge, or other cause, in the
volunteer regiments or corps now in the service of
the United States, or which may be received during
the existing war with Mexico.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted. That ail the of
ficers to be appointed in the ten regiments to be rais
ed and organized under the“act to raise for a limited
time an additional military force, and for other pur
poses,” shall take rank, in case of equal grade, in such
manner a3 the President ofthe United States may
direct, without regard to priority of appointment.
Sec. 7. And be it further enacted. That to each com
pany of said ten regiments there may be appointed
the same number of subaltern officers as are provid
ed by existing laws for the companies of volunteers
whose tprrn shall expire as provided in the fifth sec
tion of the act of eleventh of February, eighteen
hundred and forty-seven.
Sec. 8. And beit further enacted, That the provis
ions of the act approved May, thirteenth, eighteen
hundredand forty-six, entitled “An act to authorize
an increase of the rank and file of the army of the
United States,” be, and the same are hereby, made
applicable to tiie regiment of mounted riflemen au
thorized by the act ofthe ninth of May, oighteen hun
dred and forty-six.
Sec. 9. And be it further enacted, That to each re
giment of dragoons, artillery, and mounted riflemen,
in the regular army, there shall be added one princi
pal teamster, with the rank and compensation of
quartermaster sergeant; and to each company ofthe
same, two teamsters, with the compensation of arti
ficers.
Sec. 10. And be it further enacted. That the pro
viso fo the second section of the act approved March
second, eighteen hundred and twenty-seven, eutitled
“An at- giving further coinpensensation to the cap
tains and subalterns of the army of the United 3tates,
in certain cases.” shall be so interpreted as not to in
clude lieutenants who hold the appointments of ad-
jutaut and regimental quartermaster.
Sec. 11. And be it further enacted, Tliatso much
of any army regulation as gives to any 3Utler a lien
upon any part of the pay of the soldiers, or a right to
appear at the pay table to receive the soldier’s pay
from the paymaster, shall be. aud the same is hereby,
abrogated; and all regulations extending the rights
and privileges of sulteis beyond the rules and articles
of war shall be. and hereby are abrogated.
Sec. 12. Aud be it further enacted, That the Pre
sident of the United States be, and he hereby is au
thorized, by and with the advice and conseni of the
Senate, to add to the pay department of the army
two deputy paymaster generals, with the pay and al
lowances each of a deputy quartermaster general; and
ten paymasters with the pay and allowances each of a
paymaster of the army; and the officers so appointed
shall give such bonds as the President shall, from time
to time, direct: Provided, That the deputy paytnas
ter geuerals shall, in addition to paying troops, su
periutend the payment of armies in the field
Sec. 13. And be it further enacted. That the ofti
cers ofthe pay department shall have rank corres
ponding with the rank to which their pay and allow
ances are assimilated: Prooided, That paymasters
shall not in virtue of such rank be entitled to com
mand in the line, or other staff departments of the ar
my: Provided,also, That the right to command in the
pay department between officers having the same
rank, shall he in favor of the oldest in service in the
department, without regard to the date of commis
sion under which they may be anting at the
Sec. 14. And be it further enacted, That all pay
masters hereafter to be appointed by the President
for the volunteer service ofthe United States shall be
nominated to the Senate for confirmation to such
office.
Sec. 15. And be it further enacted, That the non
commissioned officers, musicians, and privates, ofthe
regiment of dragoons authorized to be raised by an
act entitled “An act to raise for a limited time an ad
ditional military force, and for other purposes,” shall
receive the same bounty as is allowed to the non
commissioned officers, musicians, and privates of the
other regimen's authorized to be raised by said act.
Sec. 16. An - be it further enacted, Thai the Presi
dent of the United States be. and is hereby, author
ized to add to the Ordnance Department, whenever
he shall deem irexpedient to increase the same, two
captains and six first lieutenants, who shall be enti
tied to receive the same pay and allowances as offi
cers of those grades, respectively, now' belonging tc
that department, to be disbanded at the close of the
war.
Sec. 17. And be it further enacted, That when any
coil-commissioned officer shall distinguish himself, or
may have distinguished himself in the service, the
President ofthe United States shall be, and is hereby
authorized, on the recommendation ofthe command
ing officer of the regiment to which such non-com
missioned officer belongs, to attach him by brevet of
the lowest grade of rank, with the usual pay and
emoluments of such grade, to any corps ol the army:
Provided, That there shall not be more than one so
attached to any oue company at the same time; and
when any private soldier shall so distinguish himself,
the Presiden* may in like manner grant him a certi
ficate of merit which shall entitle him to additional pay
at the rate of two dollars per mourn.
Sec. 13. And be it further enacted, That there shall
be added to each o.‘ the regiments of artillery two
companies to be organized in the same manner, and
who shall receive the like pay and allowances in eve
ry respect as authorized by existiug laws; and in ad
dition to the four companies authorized by the act of
March second, one thousand eight hundred and twen
ty -one. to be equipped as light artillery, the President
is hereby empowered, when he shall deem it neces
sary, to designate four other companies, one in each
regiment, to be organized and equipped as Jigbt ar
tillery; and each regiment of artillery shall be allowed
two principal musicians with the rates of pay provid
ed by law for tbe principal musicians, in the regi
ments of infantry.
Sec. 19. And be it further enacted. That the officers
and men ofthe light artillery, when serving as such
aud mounted, shall receive the same pay and allow-
ancesas provided bylaw for the dragoons.
Sec. 20. Andbeitfurther enacted. That the provis
ions of the sixth section of tiie act entitled “An act res
pecting the organization of the army,” &c., approv
ed Augusttweuty-third, oue thousand eight hundred
and forty-two, which allow additioual rations to cer
tain officers ofthe army, be, and the same are hereby,
so extended as lo embrace the Q>uartermaster Gener
al and Adjutant General ofthe army from the date of
the act.
Sec. 21. Aud be it further enacted, That for the
purpose of avoiding unnecessary expenses in the mil
itary establishment, including volunteers, the Presi
dent of the United States be, and he is hereby au
thorized, iu case of failure in filling the rank aud file
of any regiment or regiments, to consolidate such de
ficient regiment or regiments and dischargeall super
numerary officers. Provided, Tl> at officers so dis
charged shall be allowed, iu addition to the mileage
already autborizedby law, thrto months’ pay for each.
Sec 22. And be it further enacted. That all the of
ficers appointed, and the additional force authorized
to be raised under this act, shall be discharged at the
close ofthe war with Mexico, except the officers of
the ordnance authorized by the sixteenth section, and
the two companies to each regiment of artillery, au
thorized by the eighteenth section of this act.
Approved, Maren 3,1847.
AMIKDUJkS’HJIBiGL,.
POINTS OF A PERFEcFhoRSeT
The Walk A horse in his walk, should
begin by stepping boldly away, with the
kuee well bent. The foot should be brought
down flat, and the heel, if anything, first;
with his hind-legs tucked close, and follow
ing his fore-legs regularly: he should not
go with a hind and fore-leg of the same side
at a time, (which pace is termed ambling,)
but in exact and well-timed motion.
. T/ le —Tbe same is to be observed
in his trot; the knee should be bent, and the
foot up, and sent straight forward, not dash
ing out or in on either side. The motion
should bo from the elbow, as well as the
knee, for horses that step from the knee a-
lone, soon tire themselves, and are always
slow, putting the foot down nearly in the
same place from where it was taken up. A
Bart of sporting celebrity, Sir L. P. G n
used to term them “daisy cutters.” The
hocks also should be tucked close to*
geiher, and go well under the animal,
with the same regularity mentioned as
requisite in the walk. The fore and hind
legs should go together and not at twice, as
if the animal had a joint in its back. It
should have no rolling motion, but a steady
swim! In hunters, with a thorough horse
man in the saddle, first-rate fore-legs are
not so essentia] as perfect hinder ones.
Observe in all good trotters the rider can
see the knees at every step without leaning
forward in his saddle.
The Gallop.—A horse, in his gallop,
should not go higli and fighting, with his
knees too much bent: nor should bis fore
legs be confined; they should be put boldly
forward, not pattering nor n.mping, nor
setambliug, but clear and straight away
from the elbow; with tiie hind legs thrown
m?iu nm.h‘™ a _ n ^ not l°PP ln g after him,
gallop is a pace more used in”’tlie‘field ttrbft
on the road, and hunters are chosen more
with reference to it, than either to the walk j
or the trot. Speed is quite indispensable '
for a hunter; and when hounds are running
fast, while a slow horse is killing himself by j
going at the top of his pace all the time, and 1
consequently at the utmost stretch and ex-
ertion, a fast horse is going within himself, ji
and without either trouble or distress.
Long slow stepping horses never go well u
through deep ground; and they are equally f
bad across ridge and furrow. Those that
roll in their gallop are the same. Horses i ’
to live across a country, should go with jS
quick collected steps; they can get through 'p
dirt, and over ridge and furrow, and can j ■
jump at very short notice.
In the gallop, and indeed in all paces,
good use of the hind-legs is absolutely ne
cessary; for from these all the spring is
made; and no horse can possess either speed
safety, or strength of action without it.
Catting.—Here, be it observed, a horse
in all his paces should go clear, and not cut,
or touch one leg with the other. He can
not go too near if ho does not cut. Those
horses cut before that hook in their heels;—
when low-actioucd, and in their slow paces
they hit their ankles; and when high goers,
and moving fast, they hit their knees; and j. '
sometimes they bit midways, on the splent
bone, between knee and ankle. Nothing is '
more objectionable than such interfering ;
action; the wounds it inflicts create always <
of necessity inflammation of the leg; audit
frequently occasions a horse to fall very
suddenly. Cutting with the hind legs, tho’
not of such consequence as with the fore,
makes the joints large, and weakens them
by the repeated sores it occasions. It re
sults either from the hocks being open and
wide apart, in which case the toe comes in [i :
contact with the ankles; or from the hocks (J
being inclined too much inward, in which -1
case the end of the heel does the mischief. >l| '
There are very few horses who do not hit i'
their heel some time or other; particularly : j
when young, and weak, and often when ’|L
weary with long or great exertion; and of-
ten too, though the cause be little suspected *
from weakness in the back.- But observe,
those that cut from natural causes, either be
hind or before, never receive any perma
nent benefit from an alteration in shoeing;
which method of remedy unavoidably cur
tails the natural size, and alters the natural
shape of the foot; and not only does not re
move the imperfection, but. if persisted in,
occasions lameness in addition. Palliations
are however, often possible.
The horses that dish the foot outwards
never cut their fore legs; and though soma
judges do not consider such method of going
to be perfect action, it is by no means al
ways very objectionable.
It is particularly desirable that a horse in
all his paces be a quick stepper, and that he fi.J
go very lightly with all his forelegs, they :
hit the ground hard with their hind legs, or, m
to use a horse dealer s phrase, which is, of f. i
course greatly exaggerated in expression, *t
he ought to strike hard with his hind-legs
and tread on eggs without breaking them
with his fore ones.
Horses with quick light action, seldom
wear theirlegs out, if they are not used when
too young, which will ruin any horse; and
the reason of their lasting is, that they do
not hammer the ground, and shake them
selves to pieces, which heavy slow movers
do, but going free of all concussion, they do *-L ■
theii work without detriment to themselves
and with pleasure to their riders.
But action is in a degree referable to tbe
position and make of the shoulders. For
example, in the first place, when the shoul
ders are low and upright, the weight the
animal cariies is directly upon his fore-legs;
it is not then to be wondered at, that he ex-
i
\
I
y
■jr
difficulty in using them lightly
lead of beingJrom mm, tney stand
quite under him, he has equal difficulty in
putting them forward. He is therefore evi
dently more liable to stumble; and when he
does trip, the load he carries being more
forward tban bis fore-legs, prevents him re
covering himself, and down he comes!—
When the shoulders are themselves loaded
at top, as well as upright, there is a double
imperfection; for then there is a natural
weight, a3 well as the artificial weight, and
when they are loaded at the points they occa
sion great heaviness of-action, and if the an
imal is a high goer, he hits the ground so
much the more forcibly; the objection to
which has been already stated! Horses with
bad shoulders may go well for a short time;
but after six or seven miles’ journey, they
begin to make mistakes, and as their shape
is not calculated for movement, so their ac
tion cannot continue.
Though the fore-legs, from their situa
tion, must always bear the greatest portion
of weight, yet when the shoulders lie back,
more ofthe weight is communicated to the
spine, and being thus removed from the
fore-legs, they have less impediment for
motion, and their position being then for
ward, is naturally more favorable tu the of
fice they have to perform; for the slope of a
horse’s shoulder may be called the measure
of his stride.
Good action may be considered as equiv
alent to strength. This is confirmed by tbe
fact that many horses with good action are
seldom found to give way, even carrying
the same weight.
