Newspaper Page Text
Report of the Secretary of the Kavy.
Navy Department. Doc. 1, 1856
Sir: I Lave the honor to submit the animal re
port from this department, showing tb- dut ,'s
performed by the several squadrons, the pres lit
condition of the service, with recommendations of
further legislation.
SQUADRONS?.
The new steam-frigate Wabash, Captain Fred
erick Engle, the flag-ship, the sloops-of-war Sara
toga, Commander E. G Tilton, and Cyane. Com-
Robb, from the borne squadron,
i' , i- ' 3 under the of Commodore Hiram
I auldtng. To this force the steamer Fulton will
again be added so soon as repaired sufficiently for
service. J he frigate Potomac, recently the flag
ship of the squadron,has, siucc my last report, been
put out of commission, and her crew and most of
her officers transferred to the Wabash.
This ship, with Commodore Paulding on board,
having visited San Juan del Norte, for which place
she sailed from New York on the 2“tIi November,
1855, for the purposes mentioned in the best report,
arrived a! Havana on the 2'>th January, in compa
ny with the Fulton, which had also been despatch
ed to San Juan. On the 22d of March they were
joined by the Saratoga and Cyane, which had been
on a cruise among the windward islands. The
squadron, after making a short cruise, separated;
the flag-ship, in company with the Saratoga, run
ning down to windward as far as St. Thomas,
whence the Potomac sailed to Key West, and the
Saratoga to San Juan, and thence to Aspinwall,
where she arrived July 23d, and has been station
ed for the purpose of protecting our interests in
that region. She will soon he relieved by the
Cyane, which sailed from Boston on the 5th of No
vember. This latter vessel, after separating from
the squadron at Havana, and making a cruise in
the Gulf of Mexico, arrived at Boston on the 9th of
August, to which port she returned on the 17th Oc
tober, after having been to the eastward as far as
St. John's Newfoundland. The Fulton having vis-
isted Balize and the Bay of Islands, jouehing in at
Key West, proceeded to Washington, and, arriv
ing there on the 39th of June, was temporarily put
out of commission.
It having been represented that American citi
zens were arrested by a foreign naval force in tin ir
progress across the istinu.s, at San Juan del Norte,
orders were issued to Commodore Paulding, on
the 13th of May, to proceed to that port immedi
ately. With a view to despatch, the Commodore’s
flag was transferred to the steam-frigate Susque
hanna, Captain J. It. Sands, then fitted out lor the
Mediterranean. The delicate and important in
vestigation was prosecuted at San Juan by Com
modore Paulding with commendable zeal and pru
dence. The circumstances which gave rise to tem
porary misapprehension were satisfactorily ex
plained, and Commodore Paulding returned to the
Potomac, at Key West, after looking in at Aspin-
wall. The Susquehanna proceeded thence to the
Mediterranean.
The Wabash left Philadelphia on a trial trip on
the 8th of September, for New York, wlieuee, hav
ing taken on board her supplies, she proceeded to
Portsmouth, New Hampshire. At this place she
received on board the President of the U. States,
and conveyed him to Annapolis, Maryland. She
sailed from New York on the 23th November for
Aspinwall.
The Brazil squadron, Commodore French For
est, consists of the flag-ship, the Frigate St. Low-
rcnce. Captain J. B. Hull, now on her way out,
and the sloop-of-war Germantown, Commander
Win. F. Lynch, for whose return to flic L’uited
States orders were sent on the 31st of October. It
is designed that the sloop-of-war Falmouth shall
join the squadron in a few weeks. The frigate
Savannah, Commodore Samuel Mercer, late the
flag-ship, for whose return orders were sent out
on the Iffih of July, arrived at New York on the
2/fli of November. The brig Bainbridge, which
till lately formed a part of this squadron, return' d
to Norfolk, Virginia, on the 11th of September, un
der the command of Lieutenant C'. F. M. Spots-
wood. The storeship Belief, Lieutenant Com
manding J. W. Cooke, returned to New York on
the 12th of July, and sailed again for the station
on the (ith of September with stores for the squad
ron. Nothing of material interest has occurred on
the Brazil station during the past year, although
the vessels have been actively cruising.
Commander T. J. l*ag\ having completed the
survey of the river La Plata and its differ
ent affluents, returned with the United States
steamer Water Witch to the United States, enter
ing the port of Washington on the 8th of May last.
The very interesting accompanying synoptical re
port of Commander Page gives full information of
the course of the survey.,, the charts of which are
now being prepared for publication.
The Mediterranean squadron, Commodore S. L.
Breese, consists of the flag-ship, the frigate Con
gress, Commander Thomas T. Craven; the sloop-
of-war Constellation, Captain Charles If. Bell; and
the steam-frigate Susquehanna, Captain J. B.
Sands. This last vessel joined the squadron in
July. The steam-frigate Saranac, Captain J.C.
Long, which had been on the station nearly three
years, returned to the United States on the 26th
of June, arriving at Philadelphia. The store-ship*
Supply, Lieutenant Commanding David D. Porter,
is in the Mediterranean, still engaged in social
service under the War Department. The vessels
of this squadron have shown tlie flag at many ports
in ti.o Mediterranean where American commerce
makes its appearance.
The African squadron Commodore Thomas
Crabbe, is composed of the flag-ship, the sloop-of-
war Jamestown, Commander, Jas. II. Ward, the
sloop-of-war St. Louis, Commander John W. Liv
ingston: and the brig Dolphin, Command' r Edward
K Thomas. Tlie sioop-of-war Dale, Commander
William McBlaire, returned from this station
January 11th, entering Norfolk, Virginia. The
reports from this squadron are favorable as to its
health and activity.
The East India squadron, Commodore James
Armstrong, is composed of the tlag-ship, the steam-
frigate San Jacinto, Commander Henry II. Bell;
the sloops-of-war Levant, Commander William
Smith; and Portsmouth, Commander A. II. Foote.
This latter vessel left Norfolk May 3d, and ar
rived at Hong Kong on the 20th of August. The
steam-frigate Powhatan, Captain W. J. McCluney,
arrived at Norfolk from this station on the 13th of
February; the sloop-of-war Macedonian, Captain
John Pope, (the flag-ship of the late lamented
Commodore AblJot,) at Boston on the 7th of
August; and the sloop-of-war Vandalia, Comman
der T. B. Bootes, at Portsmouth, New Hampshire,
on the 3i ith September, and were all put out of
commission.
The San Jacinto, on her passage to Hong Kong,
put in at Palo Penang for the purpose of receiving
on board Townsc-iid Harris, Esq., consul-general
to Japan, and conveying him to Bankok, Siam,
with which government he was charged with
special business by the State Dpartment. After
having completed this, the San Jacinto proceeded
to Hong Kong, and, at last advices, was about
starting for Sirnoda, Japan, for the purpose of af
fording a passage to Mr. Harris to that place. She
will then proceed to Shanghae, to join the
Levant, which has been sent there from Hong
Kong with our Commissioner to China, (Dr.
Peter Parker,) who was desirous of visiting the
intermediate ports at the Jlortli.
The Paeific squadron. Commodore William
Mervine, consists of the flag-ship, the frigate Inde
pendence, Commander Henry K. Hoft; the sloops-
of-war John Adams, Commander Edward 15.
Boutwell; St. Mary’s, Commander T. Bailey; De
catur, Lieutenant Commanding Edward Middle-
ton; and the steamer Massachusetts, Commander
Samuel Swartwout.
The Independence loft San Francisco in the
middle of January, and proceed'd on a cruise to the
southward via the Sandwich islands, for the pur
pose of ascertaining whether guano was to bo
found on an island, the location of which had been
confidently communicated by a company of gen
tlemen, and one or two old and experienced sea
captains, who personally gave assurance that it
abounded in guano. She arrived at the designated
point on the 1 Ith ofMareli. Commodore Mervine
reports that, owing to heavy breakers, all his ef
forts to land were baffled. This is deeply to be re
gretted; for, although he states that, as seen from
the ship, the island was mantled o\er with a luxu
riant vegetation, and express an opinion adverse to
the sanguine hopes arid expec tations of the agri
cultural community, stilt there seems to exist an
unsatisfied state of the public mind, because of the
absence of actual personal examination. It is pos
sible that the difficulty of effecting a landing may
not exist at all seasons of the year. It is, there
fore, recommended that another, smaller national
vessel—a steamer—he sent to visit riie island at a
different season of the year, so soon as the state of
affairs at 1 anama. aud on the coasts of Washing-
ington and Oregon, w ill permit such a vessel to be
spared. Arriving at Valparaiso on the 20th of
June, tbo Independence proceeded to Panama,
where she is for the present stationed.
The St. Mary’s, having cruis-d among the
Marquess, Society, Navigator's, and Feojcc
islands, arrived at Panama early in May, where
she has remained since that time, Commander
Bailey having, on several occasions, had it in his
power to be of great assistance to our commerce
and citizens during political excitements at that
place.
I have-deemed it my duty to retain the Inde
pendence and St. Mary’s at Panama, and a sloop-
of-war at Aspinwall, to afford protection to the
persons and property of the thousands ot onr
countrymen crossing the Isthmus from the vio
lence of an ungoverned population. I am assured
that their presence alone has prevented a repeti
tion of the horrible tragedy of the 15th of April
last.
The John Adams, after an active cruise, retnrn-
®d in the latter part of May to San Francisco,
J*nore she remained for some time, her presence
^eing esteemed convenient for the public inter-
tivffiv em^ tU v t ,,d M ^»achusetts have fcecnae-
anees iu WiKhin ? BU J»P re «<>'u , ff Indian disturb-
o°Z -■> »i'h «, alJ
J. Alden, were of great Comrnandpr
•o disastrous to the enter.,rising th ° S0 tr0l,U, ''°'
distant and very sparX-sK* 0 " 9 ^ iu that
United States KtTl 0 ”’ The
temporarily employed in this service under U* 0
command of Lieutenant David McDoiLrJp h °
" “7\ Cpil,i0n tha , t the interests o?our coun
try would be promoted, and could be much better
protected, by having two Pacific squadrons i„.
fieau o. one, as at present; and I reoommend that
as soon as a sufficient number of vessels can be
I assembled in that ocean, this additional squadron
I r e established. Our commerce there hasincreas-
i ed rapidly, and is now very large. Tlv States "f
Centra) America are growing daily in importune
If • peculiar position is causing them to attract
the attention of the world. The trade on the ex
tensive coast of South America is very considera
ble. The islands scattered in that sea are lull of
interest, and then there are California, Wasliing-
tonand Oregon. The ieast reflecting mini will
appreciate at once the value of this suggestion;
which I trust, will, ere long, be consummated, as
the navy-yard at Mare island, California, will soon
assume its position among the most useful aud
complete yards in the country. The chief difficul
ty of keeping permanently a large number of
vessels in the Pacific will originate ill the impossi
bility, for some few years, of procuring seamen on
that coast. I have recently, however, transported
a full crew to Aspinwall in the steam frigate \Y;i-
bash. and have made a contract, very reasonable
in its terms, for their passage across the Isthmus,
and lor the return of the relieved crew. If this
expefimi nt is found to work well, it will facilitate
the proposed plan very much, and contribute
largely to the ability of the government to protect
our Pacific possessions.
I have recently directed that search be thor
oughly nyide iu our forests on that coast, with a
vi'-w- to ascertain its ability to supply ship timber.
The expedition for the survey aud reconnois-
ance of Boh ring's .Straits, tlie North Pacific
ocean, and China seas, having completed its work.
Commander John Rodgers, who had charge of it,
returned with tlie Vincennes to New York, July
13. The Feniicore Cooper was turned over to
the navy-yard at Mare Island.
Dcejt-Sta Soundings Submarine Tele
graph, 4 r -
In addition to the duties performed by the ves
sels of the several squadrons, as above set forth,
there are others executed, or in progress of execu
tion, possessing sufficient interest to he worthy of
a place in this report.
The infatigihle superintendent of the Naval
Observatory, not content with aiding commerce
and the untaught mariner by pointing out the
safest and shortest traeks on the ocean where
fri'-ndly winds and currents may be found, nor
vet with the contributions to the intelligence of
the country resulting from observing the stars ot
the heavens, has, for sora • time past, thought it
not visionary to urge upon the public attention a
new study, denominated by Baron Humboldt t!
“Physical Geography of the Sea.” He had, also,
been so bold as to insist that, whenever a survey
could he made of tlie bottom of the ocean between
Newfoundland and Ireland, it would be ascertain
ed that such were the moderate depths, such the
perfect repose there, and absence of abrading or
disturbing currents, that telegraphic wires could
be laid as safely and successfully as upon land.
Lieutenant Brooke, of the navy, had invented
a most ingenious yet simple contrivance, in con
nexion with the shot used, by which the moment it
touched the bed of the ocean it became di latched,
and carefully took up specimens of whatever it
came in contact with, and brought them up safely
to the operator. Many of our enterprising coun
trymen, very naturally desirous of seeing accomp
lished so grand an undertaking, were anxious that
all doubts of practicability should, if possible, be
removed by actual observation and examination
There was au act passed iu 1-19 giving authori
ty to the .Secretary of the Navy to use national ves
sels for “testing new routes and perfecting the dis
coveries made by Lieutenant Maury iu the course
of his investigations of the winds and currents of
the ocean.” I confess I felt some pride in having
the science and naval genius of our own country
to continue foremost in these great ocean surveys,
and in illustrating the practicability of so grand a
conception ns harnessing the lightning, and mak
ing it obedient beneath the profound depths of the
great sea which providence lias placed between
the Old and New World. There was no difficulty
in finding a compitent officer. Li'mtenant Berry
man, of large experience and estahli-hed reputa
tion in deep-sea sounding, full of that enterprising
spirit so characteristic*of American officers, was
not only ready, but earnestly solictuous and eager
to lie permitted to execute the task, assuring the
department that, with a few officers and a very
small crew, he could accomplish it in a few weeks,
without inconvenience to tin- service. The small
steamer Arctic was lying idle at'the Brooklyn
navv-yard, and pronounced suitable. The order
was issued, and Lieutenant Berryman, accompani
ed by Lieutenant Strain, Passed Midshipman
Mitchell and Thomas, Midshipman Barnes, and a
few men, left New York on the 18th of July, cross
ed the ocean, and returned on tie- 14th of October
bringing with him abundant supplies of cnriou
and interesting specimens from the bed of the
ocean, and at tlie same time beautiful charts map
ping out its various depths at distances of thirty,
forty, sixty, and one hundred miles. In order to
make his sounding approximate acuraey as nearly
as possible, Lieutenant Berryman returned ill the
same latitude, and re-examined points where he
had doubts. The length oftiie route surveyed is
a'mut 1 ,t>00 miles; the greatest depth found was
2,070 fathoms, (about 2] miles,) the average how
ever, being much less. These charts aud speci
mens have been turned over to the Naval Obser
vatory. The Superintendent has already caused
the specimens to be analyzed, and in the hands of
a learned professor, whose report is before me, tliey
are made to tell mueli of the character aud mysteries
of that ocean-covered region. He thinks the ap
pearance of the minerals “indicates that they have
been quietly deposited from gentle currents, and
not subsequently disturbed.”
It is affirmed now, that the developments
of the survey corborate the suggestions of
scientific investigators, and esthblisli the practi
cability of laying wire successfully on the bed of
the sea.
I will leave it to others, sir. to lift the
veil of the future, and to picture to the mind
of the curious and speculative the influence to be
exerted yb such an event upon commerce and
trade, upon peace aud war, and the relation
ship <>f nations.
These deep-sea soundings—this study of the
winds and currents and ti'nqiertnre of the ocean—
these gradual approaches to greater familarity with
the wonders of the great deep—are pregnant with
incalculable usefullncss to those who conduct migh
ty navies, as well as all who go down to the sea
in ships.”
Thus sir; the navy, although small, iscontribut-
ing its share to the defence and reputation of the
country. Our flag visits the most remote, as well
as the most frequented, ports. The reports from
commanding officers show numberless unpub
lished cases of relief to our countrymen, op
pressed in islands and ports, whose govern
ments have no rank among nations, and are irris-
ponsible.
A considerable number of officers are en
gag'd in useful hydrographical duty in connexion
with the const survey; others are preparing chart
! of the North Pacific and Illiering’s straits; while
! others are soon to present us with the results of ex
plorations of rivers and harbors of South America.
Ordnance and Gunnery—Practise-shijt.
I know of no part of the service more entitled
to the liberal patronage of the government than
ordnance and practical gunnery. If the navy lie,
indeed, the “right arm of defence,” as is so often
repeated, it may, with great force, be added that
her guns and ordnance appliances are the main
sinews and arteries, the neglect of which would
soon render it feeble and palsied. Our national
ship may attract admiration for tlie strength and
beauty of her model, and the graceful ease with
which she glides on the water, her men maybe
patterns of discipline, aud her officers the bravest
aud best; yet all this will avail muiglit in the
dread hour of battle, if either her guns refuse to
be fnithful messengers, or are managed by those
who are untaught in practical gunnery. Ameri
cans are adepts in the use of the rifle and tin
musket from their boyhood, and when thrown in-
t" the field, no matter how suddenly, they are
skilful, and their aim is as fatal as that of the
trained soldier. Of course, the case is very dif
ferent in regard to the management ofa cannon,
weighing thousands of pounds, upon a disturbed
sea. In the British service they have their gun-
nery practice-ship, where ofticers and men are
trail.ed to the use of eannon as thoroughly and as
regularly as the soldier is drilled in the army.
We have thus far relied upon practising at sea,
and selecting from the crew for captains ot guns
those who may, from experience, he found best
fitted. It is amazing, Indeed, that not withstand
ing the importance of diseminating through the
service a thorough knowledge of gunnery, no sys
tem for that purpose has ever been adopted. It is
true that the orders of the department of early
date, requiring practice at sea, are now much re
spected iiv the officers, and executed with unusual
fidelity; and Captain Ingraham, the Chief of the
Ordnance Bureau, states that “the rejxirls from
commanders of squadrons, and single ships, con
tinue to stiow great attention on the part of the
officers to the general preparation for battle, and
to the instruction of the men iu practical gunnery,
and afford c\ idence that the armaments aud ord
nance equipments of our vessels are efficient aud
satisfactory;” still, I believe it is conceded by all
officers that some system is needed to improve
this part of the service. Surely no man-of-war
should go to sea without a certainty of having a
supply of seamen qualified, by training, for being
captains of guns; and, in my opinion, a vast im
provement would follow if none went to sea with
out an officer designated especially as the ord
nance officer of the ship.
An effort is now being made to initiate a system
as far it can be done in the absence of legislation
The Plymouth sloop-of-war is now at the Wash
ingtou navy-yard, placed under the command ot
the department on that subject. In many
of those most remarkable conflicts in which
the Am "ricau navy won its proud st trophies:
t is well settl' d that :ije >uj» riori y f
the calibre ot our guns contribut 'd very uiuch
to the successful overpowering of tlie formidable
adversary.
In consideration of the comparative strength of
our naval force, it becomes vastly important that
we should call into exercise the inventive
and suggestive genius of our coutrymen; and
strive net merely to k'-ep pace with, but, if pos
sible, in advance of others in the character of our
engines of destruction in war. In this matter the
Ordinance Bureau lias not been idle. The pro
gress in improving, modifying, and enlarging the
guns of the service has been cautious and gradual,
yet steady and impressive.
The experimental establishment at the Wash
ington navy-yard has been for many years an ad
mirable adjunct to the bureau. Having at its
head an offieer of a high order of intellect and in-
d'-fatigable energy, aided by a small corps of as
sistants. the department has found it a shield of
protection against tin- introduction of the novel
ties of vision ry inventors. No inovation has been
recomnu nded until subjected to the severest tests;
yet progress, and an eagerness to be in the fore
ground of improvement, have been manifest. The
recent adoption on the new frigates of the 9, 10,
and 11-inch shell guns to the exclusion of
shot, was by no means inconshforatedly or hastily
made.
It was suggest' d by Commander Dalilgren, in
1859, that tie could “exercise a greater amount
of ordinance power tr:th a given weight of metal,
and with more safety to those who managed
the gun, than any other peice then known of like
weight."
Coro cod ore Warrington, thou at the head of the
Bureau of Ordinance, ordered the guns propose d.
The proving andtesting continued during the years
1852; 1853, and 185-1, The points of endurance
and acuracy were specially examined. The first
gnn stood 590 rounds with shell and 500 with
shot, without bursting; and subsequently other
guvs were proved to the extreme, and endured
l,ti Ml and 1,790 rounds without bursting. Shells
have been adopted because they are deemed pre
ferable, not because of any apprehension that shot
cannot be used in these gnus with perfect security,
that point being settled by actual experiment.—
This fact is said to be attributable to the circum
stance of there being thrown into the breech a very
considerable additional weight of metal. If, there
for.-, it is at any time contemplated to attack the
solid masonry of fortifications, several foet in thick
ness, solid shot can be used, although recent de
velopments in the late European wars will hardly
encourage such assaults to be ofteu undertaken.
It is probably true, as alleged, that as solid shot
are driven by a larger charge of powder, their
power is thereby proportionally greater; and that
on striking a ship they may pass entirely through
her, thus exposing her to the consequences of two
serious breaches. These opening made by solid
shot, however, are often easily repaired, even
during au action; but if a vessel is struck aud pen
etrated by one of these monster shells, which car
ries within itself the elements of explosion, one
can hardly conceive of the crashing of timbers and
the havock and the destruction which must in
evitably ensue. And thus the work of one shell
would be more fatal and disasturons than that of
many shot.
In addition to this heavy armament, our nation
al vessels have, for a few years past, been sup
plied with boat guns—brass peiees; J2 and 24-
pounders They are truly formidable, and under
the managameiit of trained men. are often dis
charged ten times in a minute. They are so con
structed as to be easily placed in small boats,
which can thus enable an approach to the
eveniy at points inaccessible to the large
vessel, and when landed can he managed
with facility arid fatal effect. The reports of their
great service recently in China very forcibly illus
trate their great advantage as a portion ofa ship’s
armament.
But I forbear to pursue this subject, leaving it
in the hands of able ordinance officers. The cau
tious aud sound judgement, of the late Commodore
Morris approved the u -w ordinance. The .six
new frigates presented at once the question of sup
plying them with the guns after tho usual old
model, or in accordance with the suggestions of
our able orduance officer, tested by years of much
consideration. After investigation, I unhesitat
ingly sustained the recommendation to fit out the
new frigates with their present tormidable battery.
It is true the guns are very heavy, but
experience and practi'-e and the aid of labor-
saving inventions daily made will render them
as manageable as 32-pouuders were twenty years
bnt fourteen men by disease and accident. Tlie] the task. He lias, however, been detached re-
Savannah, a frigate, with a complement, of about I cently. and ordered to sen. and. temporarily, it
Tilt: NEW FRIGATES.—PROPOSED ADDITIONAL
SLOOPS.
In my last annual report I informed you that
three of the steam-frigates ordered by Congress
were afloat. It now affords me pleasure to state that
tlu-y are all afloat. The machinery for each will
be complete and ready for trial in a few days.—
The Mcrrimac and Wabash are now in com
mission. Thus far the most sanguine ex
pectations of the department have been fully re
alized.
The performance of the Merrimac has impressed
favoribly tlie severest architectural criticis. the
machinery and boilers have exhibited remarkable
evidence of power. Tin-material and workman
ship were superintended and approved by the en
gineers of the government, although built of neces
sity in private establishments. The speed is great-
ertlian usual in auxiliary steamers, iu which steam
is by no means the chief motive power, but the
great desideratum is attained of preserving unim
paired all the essential elements and capacity of
tlie sailing vessel.
Five of those frigates were modelled by the
Chief of the Bureau of Construction, A c, and
will each carry a battery of 8-incli guns son the
spar deck, 9-inch on the gun deck, with a 10-inch
pivot-gun, bow and stern. The Niagara, built in
New York, was modelled and completed in the
navy-yard by the late George steers, whose
genius and great capacity for ship-building
were so highly rccomnn nded that he was appoint
ed a temporary naval constructor for that pur
pose. She will carry tho novel armament of
twelve 11-inch guns, each throwing a shell of 135
pounds.
The introduction of these magnificent vessels
constitutes an era in the history of the United
States navy; and while they may well stimulate
the energy and valor of its officers, they will also
excite emotions of a just national pride in the
bosom of every American beholder.
I know of no reason for withdrawing the recom
mendation heretofore made to build additional
sloops-of war, capable, from their small draught of
water, of entering such ports as New Orleans,
Savannah, and Charleston, as well as New York
and Boston. A formidable battery of from fifteen
to twenty guns would render them very ef
fective. They could annoy the enemy at sea,
and penetrate and defend our harbors along
the coast inaccessible to the larger class of heavier
draught.
The arguments and considerations for a steady
and gradual enlargement of our navy have lost
none of their force, Onr extended const, our
multiplied commerce, maintenance of our rank
among the great powers of the earth; all speak
loudly in favor of this policy. But 1 forbear the
repetition of the views so often somewhat elabor
ately presented heretofore. I think it proper to
remark, however, that even the passage of the bill
for the construction of ten sloops-of-war will be
but little, very little, actual increase, as many old
ressels ore now necessarily to he laid up as unworthy
of repair.
In addition to the establishment for building
and repairing machinery and boilers at the Wash
ington navy-yard, the department is persuaded
that during the next year those in process of con
struction at Norfolk and Brooklyn will be finished.
The difficulty in making a safe foundation will
somewhat delay the foundry at Boston. When
these are completed, the government can repair
and build its own machinery for national
vessels.—I take pleasure in stating that the
boilers and entire machinery for tlie Min
nesota were built at the Washington navy-yard,
and have thus fJPfeflected credit upon projectors
and builders.
SEAMEN.
Dahlgren.aiul is being fitted out thoroughly for
the purpose of a “Gunnery Practice-Ship.” A
few officers at present, and a number of select
seamen, will be assigned to her, and she will bear
an expereinental armament of heavy • and light
guns. Under proper regulations aud training, the
hopes is confidently indulged that this practice-
ship will annually "turn ordnance in storm and in
calm, and that our men-of-war may be supplied
with officers and inon familiarised with all the
appliances of those great engines of destruction
1 commend this subject to special consideration
and encouragement, aud have no doubt that, when
enlarged and aided by the suggestions of expe
rience, tliis gunnery practice-ship will prove an
invaluable acquisition to the service.
'! he recent changes iu tlie armament of our ves
sels call for a somewhat detailed statement from
Itis very important that such a policy should be
adopted in regard to seamen ns will insure a sup
ply when needed for regular service, and promote
the cnlistim nt of our own countrymen, the con
siderations in favor of which latter proposition
cannot hut occur to the commonest observer. The
recommendations of the department of a system of
honorable discharge, and of increased pay, have
been generously adopted by Congress. The sup
ply of provisions and clothing has for the
last few years been of the most substantial
and wholesome products of the country. Since
the introduction of the new system of inspection,
the ear of tlie department is no longer annoyed bv
complaints in regard to worthless clothing and
spoiled provisions. The medicines arc not
spurious drugs brought up in haste in the
shops, but are carefully manufactured under the
immediate supervision of the Bureau of Medicine
and Surgery.
The arrangements for berthing the men on our
ships have been gradually improving, so as to ren
der them comfortable and more secure from dis
eases and decay of constitution incident to tlie
perils and privations of the sea. Excellent sur
geons are assigned to (very vessel.
The following extract from the report of tlie
chief of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery at
tests the skill of our sugeons, and the excellence of
the sanitary regulations on board of our national
ships:
‘The Constitution frigate, with a complement of-
475 officers and men. during a cruise of two years
and five months on that station, (African,) termin
ating in June, 1855, lost but one man by disease;
thirty-six were sent home as invalids. The
same immunity from death was shared in a
large degree by the other vessels composing tho
squadron.”
“The Cumberland a frigate of the same compli
ment, lost by death in thirty months—that is, from
January. 1853* to July, 1855—eighteen of her
crew while stationed in the Mediteranean; during
the same period, the St Lawrence, a frigate of the
same class cruising in the Pacific, lost but seven tff
her crew by death. The Powhatan, a steam-fri-
grate, with a complement of 320, cruising in tho
East Indies during tlie years 1853, ’54, anil ’55, lu-t
nj'luyed on the const of Brazil, report
tlv. '.. a;h.- during \ iity months, between July,
1- and January, 1 Ot>, though daring tliis time
a fever ofa serious character prevailed at various
parts of this station.”
Thus it seems that every incentive is held out to
invite enlistments and secure experienced seamen
abundantly for home and foreign sen ice.
I have nhesitation in stating—and the records
and returns will sustain thestatement-that there has
liepn an improvement as to numbers and character.
Still, the wonderful increase of commerce and de
mand for sailors, the-comparative shortness of the
cruises of the merchant marine, and the very high
price paid, render it no easy matter to keep on
1 land a steady and sufficient supply for relief ot
squadrons. Such, too, arojhe wonderful attrac
tions presented by our vast country, and so great
the facility with which peaceful and happy homes
arc procured, that the increase of sailors has,
among our own citizens especially, not kept pace
with the progress of commerce.
I am aware that occasionally the sailor has liad
cause to complain of being detained abroad beyond
the term of his enlistment, although one-fourth ad
ditional compensation is allowed for that period of
detention. Every effort has been made since the
return of the Japan expedition to remove this
source of complaint. Had the rule b>-en applied
strictly to that squadron, the great purposes for
which it was formed would inevitably have been
postponed, and perhaps defeated forever. Nation
al vessels have onlybeen detained by high consid
erations of poubilegood, and then it was as painful
to the department as annoying to the sailor. It
has not been, and is not now, the policy nor the
practice of this department to detain seamen on
foreign stations indefinitely nntil they could bo re
lieved. On the contrary numerous vessels have
been ordered home from distant stations before their
reliefs were sent. The Cumberland the flag-ship
of the Miditorranoan squadron, the Levant, and the
St. Louis, of the same station, all returned before
their reliefs had gone out. The Savannah, the
flag-ship ot’the Brazil squadron, just returned, was
ordered home in July last, but, by some accident
or irregularity of the transportation of the mails,
the orders were not received until October. Her
relief, the St. Lawrence, only left the United States
on the 15th day of October. Tho Germantown, of
the same squadron, has been ordered home
without being relieved. Tlie terms of the enlist
ment of the crew of the St. Mary’s, of the Pacific
squadron, having nearly all expired: but had the de
portment ordered her home from Panama, I have
positive assurance that the consequences would
tin ve been fatal to the lives and property of the
thousands of our countrymen passing over ’that
route. Such, however, was the auxioty of the de
partment to relieve the seamen and officers of that
ship, that officers and men have been sent in the
steamer Wabash to Aspinwall, and the arrange
ments have been effected with the railroad com
pany, so that the present officers and men of the
St. Mary’s will reach their homes in the United
States without the delay and exposure of a voyage
around Cape Horn, I am, however, of opinion
that the term of onr cruises is too long, and that
it shoe d be reduced to two years instead of three:
and I have determined and directed that it shall
constitute a part of the sailing instructions to
commanders-in-chief of tho squadrons, that they
shall see that when the term of enlistment of the
majority of the crew of any vessels attached to their
squadron is about expiring, that it shall- return to
the United States in due time for the discharge of
the seamen, and that this rule shall never be de
viated from, except in an emergency involving the
honor of the flag, or by the special orders of tilt-
department.
Dut l confess I look to the fostering rare of the ap
prentice system, and its gradual cnlargmient, as the
surest means of making a radical improvement of
this branch of the service, aud as the only mode
of incorporating into the corps of seamen a fair
proportion of our oicn countrymen. •
There are now enlisted, aud in the service,
screral hundred hoys, all burn in the L /tiled States,
aud nearly the whole of them are now in active
service in the various squadrons. Since the de
partment has introduced the system, its chief
difficulty has not been in procuring enlistments,
but in resisting importunities to be permitted to
enlist—a point to be well guarded, lest the system
be crushed by its own weight before sufficiently
perfected by experience
Their moral, intellectual, and professional train
ing receive earnest attention, and I am gratified
to lie sustaiu d in the effort by the officers of the
navy, all of whom maniicst a deep intercut in the
s.uccess ot >lie undertaking.
While I admit that the chief, ajid indeed para
mount, consideration in admitting apprentices is
to make American sailors, I incline to the opinion
that it might encourage the youths if it were
known that tin- President had authority toappoint,
annually, ten of the most meritorious midshipmen
aud pupils at the Naval Academy. I advis
therefore, the passage of a law giving this au
thority.
I deem it my duty to call your attention to the
fact that there are at present several vacancies in
some of the grades of the navy, occasioned by
deaths and resignations. Several of them occur
red more than six mouths ago. 1 am not unmind
ful of the considerations have, for this period,
prompted a suspension of executive action. The
interests of tlie service, however, induce me to
advise that they be filled ot tho enrlist day prac
ticable, cither by promotions in the usual way, or
by nominating for restoration to the active list an
reserved or dropped officer, who may now he adjud
ged by you as worthy of, and entitled to, your
interpostiou. 1 have h> retofore said that I could
not recommend “the adoption of any measure of
repeal, or any coi se of proceeding in conflict with
the general action of the board.”
But I also said then, and repeat now, “if the
sword of any one of these gallant men has been
incautiously taken from him, all right-minded men
will say, let his country restore it to him with all
the honors and reparation due to injured merit.”
There arc three vacancies in the grade ot captain
and fourteen in the grade cf lieutenant.
The reports of the chiefs of the several bereaus
will advise you very fully- of the condition of that
portion of the public service respectively assigned
to their special supervision. They present many
useful suggestions, and enter ranch into details on
many interesting subjects, which cannot b- con
veniently discussed and condensed iu the Secre
tary’s annual report. The duties of the Chief of
the Bureau of Yards and Docks have become jvery
oncrous and gradually enlarged, in consequence
of the increased work and extended operations in
the navy-yard. Much progress has been made
toward completing the navy-yard in California.
The dock, basin, and railawy are finished. The
report of Commodore Smith is very elaborate,
full of interesting details and suggestions, and
discloses with clearness the condition ofthe works
under his charge.
The report from the Ordnance Bureau exhibits
a satisfactory condition of that part of the service.
I concur in the recommendations made particularly
those in regard to tho Navy Academy, and the
policy of an abundant supply of powder to meet
any emergency
Many very useful reforms have been accomp
lished through new regulations made by die
head of the Bureau of Provisions and Clothing.
His suggestions in favor ofa small corps of as
sistant pursers, with moderate compensation, are
entitled to consideration. It has always been the
pretice (originating in necessity) to send store-
ships and vessels on special servee to sea without
a purser. Than tin- officer in command performs
the duty of purser, in addition to his military duty.
Not being and accountant, he often, although
perfectly honest, finds at the Auditor’s office a lar
balance against him, and must sacrifice his hard
earnings to pay it, or be reported and disgraced as
a defaulte
The report from the Bureau of Construction
exhibits, very fully, the condition of our national
vessels. The policy in favor of a small annual
appropriation for keeping the yards supplied with
ship-timber is, unquestionably, sound.
Attention is invited to the report from the
Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. 1 think action
should be taken to restore to the hospital fund the
value of the land recently conveyed to tho Trea
sury Department for the purposes of a marine
hospital. J’lie fund by which this land was pur
chased "Wraised by small contributions, in the
nature of deductions from the pay of the sailors,
and it can hardly b • appropriated to other purposes
with justice.
While I am much opposed to multiplying bur
eaus aud officers, I cannot allow that feeling to
restrain me from recommending the creation of
an additional office, which experincc in the admin
istration of tliis department admonishes mo would
be useful and promotivc of discipline. The prompt
and careful enforcemen of the law authorizing
courts-martial is one of the surest means of preserv
ing efficiency. Iu order to effect this, I am con
vinced that there should be a judge advocate,
learned in the law, attached to the department, to
« horn should be assigned the direction and manag-
ment, ot all matters connected with courts-martial
and courts of inquiry; subject, of course, to the
sujiei vision of the Secretary. It need not be a
bureau; not eveff an additional clerk would be
required, as one of the present clerks has now the
business, in connexion with these courts, especial
ly assigned to him.
The Resolute, Commander Hartstene, having
been thoroughly repaired at tlie Booklyu navy-
yard, sailed from New York on the 13th day of
November. Her commanding officer has instruc
tions, and was the bearer of despatches, for carry
ing into execution, with strict fidelity, the joint
resolution of’Congress, approved the 28tli day ot
August, if*5C, generously tendering the ship to
her Majesty’s government. The barque Release,
Lieutenant C. C. .Simms, sailed from New York on
rhe 7 th day November for Georgetown, Demcrara,
and La Guayra,'Venezuela, having been by your
direction temporarily assigned to sp-cial duty
under the Secretary of the Interior, with a view ot
uccomplihing the liberal purpose of C'o'ngrcss in
aiding to supply a portion of onr country, where
immense capital is invested in the culture ot sugar,
with fresh cuttings of the cane, and thus, if possi
ble, arrest the rapid decline in the production of an
article so universally one of consumption in our
country.
The Nautical Almanac is required by law to be
under the charge of an officer of the navy, not
below the grade of lieutenant. It has hitherto
been conducted by Commander Davis, who was
peculiarly fitted by his scientific attainments for
has be; -i placed under the chief of th- Bureau of
< a •: Hydros:;>ky. Although an officer
ofthe navy can, without doubt, be found queli-
fied for it the other calls of the service suddenly
detach him, aud an untried successor enters upon
the duty every few years, thus unquestionably
impairing the claim of the work to the confidence
of all men of science, who well know that the
highest order of intellect, and years of mental
training, are resquisite to fit one for even an ap-
proch to proficiency in this difficult branch of learn
ing, I recommend, therefore, a modification ot the
law, in order that this work, thus far so creditable to
the country, may, in tlie discretion oftiie Executive,
be placed under the charge of one of the naval
professors of mathematics, who are never sent to
sea.
The Naval Academy continues to prosper and
demonstrate its usefulness, by annually furnishing
the service with a number of accomplished young
officers, whose ambition animates them to solicit
the department to give them an opportunity ot
going to sea. With a view of improving the pupils
in practical seamanship, fifty-two were sent to
sea in the sloop-of-war Plymouth, and, after
cruising during the summer months, returned to
the Academy. The report of Commander Green
is very favorble to the zeal and attainments, during
the cruise, of the youths under his command. At
the next annual examination I recommend that,
in addition to the naval board of examiners, a
board of visiters, composed of civilians, bo appoin
ted. It will stimulate the midshipmen, and at
the same time inform our leading men of the
excellent character of the institution. The Naval
Observatory is sustaining its high reputation, and,
by its suggestions and compilations, doing much
indeed, not merely for those who follow the sea,
but for science generally.
I renew the expressions of my opinion of the
usefulness of the marine corps. I have so ofteu
made recommendations for its enlargement, and
for the adoption of some plan for appointing officers
of millitary education, that I forbear to do more
than to refer to my former reports. Attention is
called to the detailed report of the commandant of
the corps.
An act passed nt the last session of Congress,
directing that notice be given to E. K. Collins and
his associates of the modification of the law of
July 21, 1852, in reference to compensation for
the trasportation of the mails between New York
and Liverpool, lias been carried into execution.
The notice was issued immediately after the pas
sage of the law.
Tho compensation of nearly all the public
officers in the service of the government has,
within the last few years, been increased, with
the exception of that of the officers of the army
and the navy. While I am of opinion that the
pay ofa portion of the officers of the navy is
sufficient, I deem it my duty, also, to express my
conviction thatthe pay of some ot the grades is
entirely inadequate, and not properly regulated by
considerations of the character of their services.
I recommend legislation on this subject.
The estimates for the support of the navy and
marine corps, for the year ending June30,1858, and
fora'.! other objects coming under the control of this
department, are, in the aggregate, (being a little
over one million less than the aggregate for tho
present fiscal year) $12,418,023 27 From which
deduct special objects, including
transportation of the mail in -
steamships 3,505,044 22
Leaves for the support of the navy and
marine corps 8,912,979 05
The estimate lor the present fiscal year for the
support of the navy and marine corps was.. .88,-
993,531 31.
The totfd expenditure of all objects under the
control ofthe Navy Department for the fiscal year
ending June 30, J85(i, was $14,078,529 04
But of this amount there was expend
ed for special objects under the con
trol ofthe department 5,641,172 07
i'pethtl 'Hotites.
Wit. A. Batchelor’s Hair Dye.—No burn
ing, blistering compound could ever have attained
the universal favor accorded to this Dye, the ori
ginal, never-failing favorite. Nature is more true
to herself than tlie brown or black produced in
the reddest, gravest or most frowzy hair by it.
Made and sold, or applied, at Batchelor s Wig
Factory, (in nine private rooms,) 233 Broadway,
New Zork. Win. A. Batchelor is on the box of all
26 4t
ville.
Bliss’ Dyspeptic Remedy
genuine, others arc imitations.
Sold bv all the Druggists in Milled"
R. R. K.—Radway’s Beady Belief, for all pur
poses where the body is seized with pain—wheth
er it be of a simple character, or the most tortur
ing paroxysm ; whether it be Toothache or Chole
ra; whether Headache or Spasms and Cramps;
whether aches or pains in the bones or joints,
shoulders or back, or the more terrible spasms of
Neuralgia; whether in the bowels or joints, head,
back or stomach, liadway’s Ready Relief will in
a few minutes restore the most terribly afflicted to
ease and comfort.
A LADY CURED OF PALSY—RHEUMATISM.
Messrs. Railway & Co.—I tried your Ready Re
lief, and had my joints rubbed with it, and I never
felt pain after the first ten minutes I was rubbed
with it up to the present time. Sirs, I do not
know what to compare it to but a charm; for it is
a mystery to me. 1 WAS A CRIPPLE FOR TWO
YEARS, and had not the proper use of my limbs
for three years. I was worn down to a skeleton
I then commenced the use of your Ready Relief,
Resolvent and Regulators. The pain left me in
ten minutes, and I began to gain strength very
fast, and could walk with case in a few'weeks.
Before I heard of your Remedies, I was taken to
Dr. Parker, Dr. Reese, Dr. Wardie, Dr. Maeleian,
aud many other physicians in this city, I cannot
now remember. I was completely pulled to
pieces by tli ni. My constitution was broken up
with medicines that did me no good. I could not
put a foot to the ground, nor pick up a pin. I
was lifted aud carried up and down stairs like an*
infant; and now, thank God! by the use of your
Remedies, I am as strong as ever. I hail the com
nion rheumatism—inflamatory and chronic—and
the palsy. You can publish this, if you like.
SARAH A. HOUGH,
244 26th st., between 7th and 8th av., N. Y.
Sold by druggists and merchants everywhere.
E. J. White, Ag’t, Milledgeville. Ga. 28 2t
Will cure Chronic and Mexican Diarrho-'
Volunteers in the War with
And all others suffering from Chronic ip. V
will find a sovereign remedy in m.lss-r.v 1 -
PEPTIC REMEDY. Read Dr. Bli» s * jj
meut on Chronic Diarrhoea, which will
these columns next week. 1 P Car ia
Chronic Diarrhoea,
No matter of how long standing, is rcaA-t
ed by Dliss' Dyspeptic Remedy. See what
says about that disease in his advertise!,*., 1 " 1 ,
next week. 1,1 if
Bliss’ Dyspeptic Remedy.
We are assured by the proprietor thatthe
no disease in which the truly rein'dial v \',‘
the REMEDY are so really discernible as *
cases of Chronic Diarrhoea.
To Druggists, Country Physician
Farmers.
ami
I am constantly receiving a fresh snn 3
Drugs, Medicines, and everything '
which I will sell it small profits for cash oi
®7 Bar,
# « nr.-
Leaving as the legitimate expenditure
for the support of the navy and mar
ine corps, for the year ending June
30, J.»a6 8,437,356 97
1 have the honor to be, very respectfully, your
obedient servant, J. C. DOBBIN’.
To the President oftiie United States,
To Southern merchants.
CAUTION TO THE PUBLIC.
The whole coun r ry isfltimlcd with Counterfeit and !mita>
tion^chnapj'S; The public- should he careful to purchase
only the genuine article, manufactured and imported by
Udolpho Wolfe,which b\s the name ofthe manufacturer
on the bottle, Cork and l.nfcel.
For sale b> all the respectable Grocers and Dnurgests,
Head the opinion of the New York Piess.
LIlOLPHO WOLFE,** Beaver rft., New York.
[From the New York Mercury.]
Fraudulent Imitation of Superior Commodities.
Among the many dishonfsties of the trade which the moral
sense of tlie community is called upon (o surpress, v.e
would particularly notice a most pernicious mu! infamous
practice adopted by unscrupulous dealers of imitating aud
counterfeiting the exterior appearance and precautionary
labels of populpar drugs, medicamenta*, and other articles ot
personal consumption, jchI thus by seizing upon the well
acquired reputation of an enterprising trader, palming « IT
most destructive and worthless compounds, to the sore
t ctrlment not only of the consumer, but to the character of
the man Who hud expended thousands of dollars in bring
ing the genuine article into esteem and demand. These
petty larceny theives ore the pest of all honorable dealers
and traders, and the trade is as much highway robbery as
the violent appropriation of their neighbor's purse; in fact,
they arc benenth the burglar and h : 2hwayman in dignity—
for these latter felons exhibit a bravery or recklesness of
character in anywise distinguishing the mercantile assassin
who stabs in the dark. And ought thev not ho rewarded
with punishment commensurate with the cowardice of their
crime? We were led to these remarks by accidently observ
ing a spurious counterfeit of Udolpho Wolfe’s £chiedam
Schnapps. The labels were imitated perfectly; with the
slight addition ofa few letters to plead technical avoidance
ol the law against counterfeiting; the bottles were very
similiar, and every tiling caretully prepared to impose upon
a careless purchaser. Now is not the man who perpetrated
this fraud, a felon,a robber? Assuredly he is; for, ns Mr.
Wolfe has expended large sums to bring his genuine ini
ported schnapps into popular demand, that demand may be
justly considtreda part of his capital in trade, and a fellow
stealing a pait of his reputation is as ronch of a thief as if he
had stolen a barrel of his schnapps in hulk And to this
crime lie adds a further one of defrauding the community
by giving them a run ions article for the money they Intend
ed to expend for a commodity in which they had confidence:
And, further,every man hi the fraud, by dealing spuiious
articles is as much ol an offender as the principle who
planned the imposition. The remedy of Mr. Wolfs should
lie in his holding all concerned up to tlie contempt of the
community thus sw indled by their operations, and uacon-
sionsly Imposed upon by their noxious composition. We
Irust that Mr Wolfe will obtain names, not only ofthe con
coctors of these counterfeits, but of svery man offering
them for sale, ami then publish them to the world; lor his
ii reputation and the health of the community demand
that all parties should be nailed to the pillory of popular
execration.
[From tlie New York Dispatch 1
An Infamous Business.
When an enterprising man strikes out a new business. t<>
lie establishment of which lie gives his industry, time,
dents and p edniary means, Can anything be more con
temptible than to have another steal in. and, under specious
•retexis, hold out (<> the public an inferior anicic: and
mleavor to obtain their patronage? Fray, what difference
s there so far »sthe honesty of the thing is concrned, be
tween purloining the business by which a citizen hopes to
make hisbrc«d and stealing ihc bread itself? A coin
thief, if betakes without leave, however huneiy, a
ul breadTrom a baker’s shop* is apprehended and con
dcmticd to fhe penitentiary for daring in a surreptious
• to appease his appetite; but put a respectable
looking coat on his back and a few dollars in bis pocket.
i he may, with impunity, ray; even with the applause of
his fellows, by knavery, forgery or other Infamous means
take the business of an honest man from him, and go tin-
lofjasticc. All this is wrong. Some years ince a
gentleman of this cifv (Udolpho Wolfe] introduced to the
ns of the United states a medicated article of gin.
• was highly approved by professional gentlemen as a
ior tonic ami deohstment, and ihe knowledge of
which he, by advertisement and otherwise, disseminated
hrongl.oiit h * country. So soon as tricksters, who pass
nthe btisines in the community as honest men, saw that
Mr. Wolfe was likely to have handsome retunrs loj the time
aiiil money which he had expended, they set about forging
his label aid palming olT upon the people detest able am',
poisonous rompour tU which they have the hardihood to
call “Schiedam schnapps.” In some instances they have
gone so far as to put Wolfe s name to their villainous
liquids. As the horde are growing hold in their rascalities,
it is time the public in town and country were put upon
ttieii guard, con uraers should be situ re that they purchase
the genuine artirle.or else their health may he irreparably
In ured l»y using the horrible stuff that unscrupulous men,
because theycr n buy it cheap, will offer as the genuine
article Pure Schiedam Schnaups can only be obtained at
the stores of respectable mtrrhnnt* and druggists, in town
and country and at the cstablislm ent of Udolpho Wolfe,
Nos. 13,20 and 22 Beaver citreet in this city, where it is
gotten up exclusively. We think »i a duty which Mr. Wolfe
owes to himself the community to publish, by name, the
rascals who arethnis attempting to M ('fraud both him n ml
those who would be his customers. He should not permit
his modesty to hold him back from making so rigethousan
expose.
Agents in Savannah.—John It. Moore Co.
A. A. Solomon hr Co., A. Rutland. M. I. Riley. If.
If. Goodrich. McMahon .S' Doyle, I fibster -S* Palmes,
J. X. Cunnerat, Claghom St Cunningham, Holcomb
Johnson Sc Co. 24. 3ni.
Opinions of the Press.
AVe take pleasure in referring to the virtue of
Davis’ Pain Killer. AVe have used the article and
found it valuable. The sale of this article in the
United States is beyond all precedent, as the books
of the office will show.—Cincinnati Commercial.
Dads' Vegetable Pain Killer.—AVe first heard of
this medicine during a visit to the New England
States, and being struck with the novelty of the
title, were induced to malic some inquiry about it;
and we were surprised to learn that it was kept
constantly iu the houses of most of the inhabitants
of the cities and villages where we stopped, to be
used in cases of sudden attacks of pain, burns,
scalds, Ac., and we heard it spoken of in terms of
high commendation, both by druggists and physi
cians.—Philadelphia Eagle.
Perry Dads' Puin Killer.—It is a real pleasure
to us to speak favorably of this article, known al
most universally to he a good and safe remedy for
burns and other pains of tho body. It is valuable
not only for colds in the winter, but for various
summer complaints, and should be in every- fam
ily. The casuality which demands'it, may come
unawares.—Christian Advocate.
Valuable Medicine.—The sale of that remarkable
and truly valuable preparation, Perry Davis’ Pain
Killer, is constantly and rapidly increasing. Du
ring the past year, the demand for this great reme
dy has been altogether unprecedented. Scarcely
a week passes by, during which we do not hear of
some remarkable cure having been performed,
within the circle cf our acquaintance, by the nse
of “Perry Davis’ Pain Killer.”—Pror. Gen. Ad
vertiser.
Sold by AA r . L. White & Co., E. J. AA’hite, and
Jas. Herty, Milledgeville. 28 2t
cians and Farmers, especially, is called
stock. I have just received a fresh supply of f); '
Dyspeptic Remedy, which is gaining the m'
spread popularity of any preparation over ,
before the American people. Even in Chronic- !
“Mexican” Diarrhoea, no matter of how Ion-
ing, or how stubborn in its character, it .
a Here at once, and by persevering iu the taking! ■
it, effects a permanent enre.
Sure Cure for chronic and ‘Mexican’ Diarrf
Dliss’ Dyspeptic Remedy.
It wont Fail.—Bliss’ Dyspeptic Remedy !
chronic, California, or Mexican Diarrho a. ' ’ ’ a
Read! Read'. Invalids suffering from chronic y
arrbnea, will find sovereign remedy in Bliss' I>
peptic Remedy.
Let every Sufferer try it!—Bliss’ Dyspeptic }>, -
I v in that stubborn and almost incurable disc?..
Chronic Diarrhoea, is just what is want* d.
Bliss’ Dyspeptic Remedy, is put nr;
Packages in the form of Powders, with full dir.
tions for mixing it in liquid form before taking
Each package contains a sufficient quality f.. ,
pint of mixture. Retail Price $2 per pvkag
sent hv mail, (pre-paid,) to any part of the l’n,
on the reception of $2; [yFor sale by AA’m. !
AYhite A Co.; and James Herty, Milh-dgevillc, i,.
’
Facts, Without Comment—Tiie Tl-iilic
Should Know Tiie.m.
New York, Oct. 10, 1852.
Mrs. Hardy, No. 110 Suffolk st, writes us that
she has been troubled with worms for some three
years, aud that she used one vial of Dr. M’Lane’s
Celebrated Vermifuge, prepared by Fleming Bros.,
Pittsburgh, Pa., which brought away over fifty
large worms. Her usual good health immediate
ly returned.
Mrs. Quigby, No. 182 Eessex st., N. Y., under
date of Nov. 23, 1852, writes us that she had a
child which had been unwell for better than two
months. She procured a bottle of M’Lane’s A r er-
miftige, and administered it. The child passed a
large quantity of worms, and in a few days was as
hearty as ever it had been. Parents, with such
testimony before them, should not hesitate when
there is any reason to suspect worms, and loose
no lime in procuring aud administering Dr. Mc-
Lane’s A’ermifuge. It never fails and is perfectly
safe.
For sale by E. J. AVhite, James Herty and AATn.
L. White & Co., Milledgeville
Purchasers will be careful to ask for Dr.
AV Lane's celebrated Vermifuge, manufactured by
Vleming Dr us. of Pittsburg, 1’a. All other A’erim-
fuge3 iu comparison are worthless. Dr. M’Lane’s
genuine Vermifuge, also Ids celebrated Liver Pills,
can now be had at all respectable Drug Stores.
None genuine xcithout the signature of
[30] FLEMING BROS.
A Perfumed Breath.—What lady or gentle
man would remain under the curse of a disagreea
ble breath when by using the “Balm of a Thous
and Flowers” as a dentrifice would not only render
the breath sweet but leave tho teeth as whitens
alabaster! Many persons do not know their
.ith is bad, and tlie subject is so delicate their
friends will nevr mention it. Poor a single drop
of“Balm”oti your tooth-brush and wash the teeth
night and morning. A fifty cent bottle will last a
year.
A beautiful complexion may easily be acquired
by using the “Balm of a Thousand Flowers.” It
wUl remove tan, pimples end freckles from the
-kin, leaving it ofa soft roseate line. AA’et a tow
el, pour on two or three drops, and wash the face
uight and morning.
Sharing made easy.—Wet your shaving brush in
either warm or cold water, pour on two or three
drops of “Balm of a Thousand Flowers,” rub the
beard well,and it will make a beautiful soft lallier,
much facilitating the operation of shaving. Price
only fifty cents. Sold by all Druggists. Beware
of counterfeits. None genuine unless signed by
AV. P. FETRIDGE A CO.,
18 Cm Franklin Square, N. Y.
Roman Ey - e Balsam.—For weak and inflamed
eyes. Read the following testimony:
Bingliampton,.Jan. 7th, 1854.
Messrs. A. B. A D. Sands—Gentlemen: Your
Roman Eye Balsam, which 1 was recommended to
use for my daughter’s eyes, has acted on them like
a charm. Her eyes, which had for several months
been very much swollen and inflamed, after a few
weeks’ use of the Balsam, were perfectly cured
and well as ever.
Yours truly, M. FOLEY.
Prepared and sold by A. B. A D. Sands, 100
Fulton St.. New A’ork. Price $1 per bottle, or six
bottles for $5. Sold also by E. J. AA’bite, Agent,
Milledgeville.
Sold also by druggists generally. 29 It
AVood’s Hair Restorative —Prof. AA’ood, the
renowned discoverer-of the invaluable Hair Re
storative, still continues to labor iu behalf of the
afflict, d. Ilis nn dicincs are universally admitted
by the American press to be far superior to all oth
ers for causing the hair on the head of the aged,
that has been silvered for many years, to grow
forth with as much vigor and luxuriance as when
blessed with tlie advantages of youth. There can
be no doubt that it is one of the greatest discove
ries in the medical world. It restores permanently
gray hair to its original eolor, and makes it assume
a beautiful silky texture, which has been very de
sirable in all ages of the world.—Cincinnati Daily
Sun, April 27, 1854.
Dai.ley’s Magical Pain Extractor.—There
never lias been a discovery made in Materia Medi-
ca, whereby pain can be so quickly allayed, and
where parts in a high state of inflamation can be
so rapidiy reduced to their natural state, nor where
wounds and sores can be so thoroughly and rapid
ly healed, and decayed parts restored without eith
er sear or defect, than with Dailey's Magical Pain
Extractor.
In cuts, wounds, sprains and bruises—casnali-
tics to which children are constantly subject—the
action of the genuine Dailey’s Pain Extractor, is
ever the same! How much pain aud suffering
may not thus be prevented ! Moreover, life itself is
often dependent upon having at hand the genuine
Dailey Extractor, and for particulars of which 1
respectfully refer to my printed pamphlets, for the
truth of which I hold myself responsible.
No case of burns and scald, no matter how se
ven-, lias ever yet, in any one instance, resisted
the all powerful, pain-subduing and healing quali
ties of the Dailey’s Pain Extractor.
No Pain Extractor is genuine unless the box lias
upon it a Steel Plate Engraved Label with tlie sig
natures ot C. Clickener A Co., Proprietors, and
Henry Dailey, Manufacturer. Price 25 cents per
box.
rS*” All orders should be addressed to C. V.
Clickener A Co., 76 Barclay and 222 Greenwich
streets, New A’ork.
Sold by all Druggists and Medicine dealers
throughout the United States. 29 3ui
From the New A’ork Daily News.
The English Press.
In one respect tlie English press is correct -
the view it takes ot our election and the posit; i
of parties. It invariably sets down the l'ren.,
as Abolition party proper—as not only opposed t
the extension of slavery, hut in favor of abol;,.;.
ing it everyw here. This is doubtless the true s •
limetit of that party, however much certain j,
ticians, more sagacious than others, may deny ;•
The New A’ork Herald, Seward. Chase and soir„
others, deny that such are the sentiments of th,.
Black “Republican” party, hut when we look at
the hostility evinced by the whole; press of the c-,.
position, the denunciatory tone of its politicians
toward the South. Southern men aud Southern i>,.
stitutions, it requires no great clearness of -vision
to pi revive what the real sentiments of Ibiswhoie
faction arc.
Hence the English press is perfectly correct in
characterizing the Black “Republican’ as the At-
olition party of the United Stab s. It is for tl i,
reason alone the English have been so desirous :
tho election of Fremont. They saw in his triunq .
the FIRST STEP TOWARD A DISSOLUTION OF Ti :
Union.
Sectionalism was encouraged by the Tory o;-
gans—they have borrowed the epithets (as’tht-r
inherit the principles) of the Black “Republicans,
and hurft-d them at the Democracy with all ti.c
vigor and zest of Greeley or Bennett themselves,
and they really appear more surprised, dispirited
and amazed at the result of the election, than th-. ir
friends do on tliis side.
Says the London Star “we want to he under
stood clearly, for this election is on event trlurh m
deplore. Far more gratifying would it hare been In
very disciple of liberty in England, to hare hnmn
that Cot. Fremont had become the choice of the L si
ted States ”
The London News, while it deplores the elec
tion of Mr. Buchanan as tending to delay the
event of dissolution, says: “Gathering evidence
with ail care and impartiality of the American pi
pe! s, wo can come to no other conclusion than that
the most earnest advocates f peaceable and leoisbi-
live separation helicre and say that the election of
Mr. Buchanan is the best thing that could havi
happened, it may delay tiie event, while i;
strengthens the foes of tlie Union.” Again: “The
prolongation of the American Union depends ou
other events than any election whatever. The
worst of al! possible Presidents could net defer
the decision of the conriiet, and tiie best could nut
now avert it.” The English newspapers, with one
or two exceptions, are filled with such sentiments
as these, though at the same time more ignorance
is displayed in the discussion of politics and po
litical events of the United States, than a country
school boy of ten years old would show.
It is amusiug to see the earnest hope they
evince for the election of Fremont, and the fee-
of regret and even despair with which tLev
look upon Iris defeat. And this feeling is all ca
tered in the single idea of a disruption of the
Union.
This, ttnd this alone, was the sentiment th..:
governed them in their desire to witness the suc
cess of the Black “Republicans.” That was their
only hope, their only wish. AVhat do they care
about Colonel Fremont or Mr. Bachanan ? Peru
they are nothing to them, hut they did sec intLe
success of the sectional party the commencement
of a difficulty and trouble here that would termin
ate, they fondly hoped, iu disunion, consequently
a weakening of our power and greatness as a peo
ple. They saw clearly what we constantly strove
to infuse into the minds of the people, that the
success of the Black “Republicans” on the sec
tional issue they had adopted could lead dirrectly
or indirectly to no other result than to a separa
tion.
It was this and this alone which caused the over
zeal of tlie English press ; it was this that maJ#
all Englishmen so enthusiastic in their advocacy
of Fremont, and so hostile to the election of Jl:.
Buchanan. Thank God they were disappointed in
both instances, and the Englishman is not aliae
we hope who, however much he may desire it, will
witness the dissolution of our glorious and mncii
loved Union. They may encourage faction ai i
fanaticism here, their Sutherlands may feast the
Stowes, the Beechers and the Black Douglass.:),
to their hearts content. They may join the Abo
litionists, The Tribune and The Herald in forming
sectional parties, but the reason for this is well
understood, their objects known, and the goi :
sense of tiie people will again and yet again
put the seal of condemnation upon their black and
despicable arts, and trample the party to which
Exeter Hall lends its aid in the dust. AA’e shall
have more to say of these friends of American lib
erty.
UECEtiULB.
December comes! his ruddy nose
Deep hurried in the brimming flagon;
Despite his age—despite nis snows,
A jovial, good old mouth the brag on !
For, as the dying year departs.
O'er" helmed with wintry Equinoxes,
December, dear to English hearts,
Brings Christmas fare and Christmas boxes.
Oh, friends, the year that now has stretch'd
Upon the bed that knows no morrow,
To all who read these lines hath fetched
A share of joy—a share of sorrow !
Improve its lessons—read and fix
The teachings of the year gone by you,
And gain new strength from Fifty-Six,
To meet the foes that yet may try you !
-
Gov. Bigler, of Pennsylvania, sends us a pear
which we can conscientiously say is without its
peer in the New or the Old AA’orld. It is ten inches
in length, by fifteen inches in circumference, and
must have weighed some four pounds when first
plucked from the tree. It was raised in the garden
of Mr. Palmer, at San Francisco, California, and
is certainly not among the least of the marvels of
that marvellous region.— Jfashington Union.
Ls** Great Cure of Rhfl.uatism.—The Ed
itors of the Richmond Republican, of Dec. 24th,
1852, says that Carter’s Spanish Mixture is no
quack medicine.
They had a man in their press room who was
afflicted with voilcBt Miucurial Rheumatism, who
was continually complaining of misery in the
back, limbs and joints: his eyes had become fe
verish and wait, ry, neck swolen, threat sore, and
all the symptoms of Rheumatism, combined with
Scrofula. Two bottles of Carter’s Spanish Mix
ture cured him, and, in an editorial notice as
above, they hear testimony to its wonderful effects,
and si.y their only regret is that all suffering with
disease of the blood are not aware of the exist
ence of such a medicine. They cheerfully recom
mend it.
See their certificate and notice m full aronnd the
bottle 28 4t
DYSPEPTICS TAKE NOTICE!!
WfE have Just Received a large supply of Pr.
11 BLISS’ DYSPEPTIC REMEDY, which
we will sell at the Wholesale Prices, when six or
twelve Packages are taken. There is no better
medicine, for the diseases specified, than Bliss’
Dyspeptic Remedy. Price for single Package $2,
Six packages $9, Twelve packages $15. Orders
solicited, and promptly attended to, by
AVM. L. AVHITE & CO.
Milledgeville, Ga., Dec. 12, 1856.
The Collosscs of the Advertising AA’orli
The Press and the People.
It is estimated that the entire newspaper press
of the world reaches about two hundred millions
of its inhabitants, and as the advertising system
of Professor 1 lolloway covers the whole of this
extensive medium for the communication of in-
tellig' nee, wo may safely presume that one fourth
of the adult population of the globe are familiar
with the properties of his medicines. The annual
cost of maintaining an uuintermitted intercourse
with so largo a portion of mankind, through th •
agency ot the press, is necessarily enormous: ami
we can state from the data laid before us. that it
equals the combined revenues of two tiist class
States of the Union. From these facts some idea
may b( formed ot the consumption of his remedies.
A\ herever they becon e known by advertisement,
and thus obtain a trial, a demand for them is crea
ted which soon produces immense returns, thusat-
fording new capital for their further diffusion. b‘
this way, with gigantic strides, these grand speci
fies are traversing every region of the earth, rais
ing thousands of hopeless sufferers from their sick
beds, curing disease in all its tenable forms-
strengthening the weak, relieving agony, and in
fusing new life and vigor into multitudes of decre
pit human beings, booed down with despondent)
and wee. The wonderful progress of tln-se int
ernes has been without a check from their in*in
duction to the present day. Of the millions to
whom they have been administered, not one l*a»
questioned their efficacy. They stand uninip' -u '
ed before the world. The feeble opposition rsi-'O
against them in some quarters by professional cr-
vy and selfishness, lias been borne down by L )
overw helming weight of public opinion, and t- -
have passed over all impediments alike into
palace, the private mansion, the hospital, and !.'*•
dispensary. The backwoodsman and the busy
citizen, the farmer, the? traveller, the sailor, j 1 '
soldier, in short, the repreaentatives of every clas
—itivalides of both sexes and of nil ages—re<:ar(
Holloway’s Pills and Ointment as the moat rehaul
of all medicines in every stage of disease. ;
popularity so unviersal, a faith so firm and me
doubting, can only be founded on a veritable basis-
and this popularity and faith, be it remembered,
has been extending with marvelous rapidity W
more than twenty years!—Cincinnati Daily uu-
umbutn.