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Agricultural luforuialio'.
COMPILED FOR THE WaPHINGTOX UNION-*
T Bulletin of the looted States Ag
ricultural Society lor March will be sent
gratuitously to life-members of the society.
Specimen copies furnished to all applicants
at the secretary’s office, No. 356 Pennsyl
vania avenue.
Fruit.—Sir William Temple lias ob
served that the love of gardens is the only
passion which augments with age, and
adds that all meu eat fruit who can get it;
so that the choice is only whether one will
cat good or had; and ail things produced
in a garden, whether of salads or fruits, a
poor man will eat better who has a garden
of his own than a rich man who lias none.
Strawberry Unix.—They should be
kept free from weeds and grass; well
watered when in flower and when bearing.
To keep the ground always moist and the
fruit clean various methods are adopted,
the favorite being a mulch of spent tan. It
keeps down the weeds, yields a tannic
acid; keeps the ground moist, and preserves
the fruit from dirt and sand.
Hurd Times will soon cease if the peo
ple will become producers instead of con
sumers. They must make the Eldorada
of their future happy homes and a com
petency, instead of the delusive prospects
of a mere speculation. We have a rich
and smiling country. It will pay from the
commencement. Let people adopt the
certain and profitable business of farming,
ami they will be happy and truly rich.
Have You a choice Grape Cutting that
You want to Grow]—Then go to the
woods, dig some roots of a wild grap vine,
cut them into pieces of about six inches
long, cut your cutting into pieces of only
one, or, at most, two buds; insert the lower
cud, by the common cleft-grafting method,
into the piece of wild vine root; plant it in
the earth, leaving the hud of the cutting
just level with the top of the ground.
Every one so made will grow, and in two
years become hearing plants.
Squashes.—Many persons fail to get
good squashes in consequence of the hugs
making such havoc with the young and
tender plants; what they do not eat being
so mutilated.and poisoned as to prevent
their growth. Various modes have been
resorted to prevent these ravages, hut w it li
little elfect. The squash is a strong feeder,
and needs a rich and waiiu soil, and when
it has these, and can be kept out of the
way of the hugs, there is no diffiicuity in
procuring a good crop. The best preven
tive, however, of the hugs, is to plant late.
The plants come quick, if the soil is suita
ble; and go on with a rapid growth.
The Phosphates.—Lauds which have
long been in culture, will he benefited by
the application of phosphate oflime, and
it is unimportant whether the deficiency
he supplied in the form of bone dust, guano,
native phosphate oflime, compost of flesh,
ashes, or the ovster-shell lime, or marl, if
the lands need limestone Liebig says, “of
all the principles furnished to plants by the
soil, the phosphates are the most impor
tant; for the soil in which the phosphates
are not present is totally incapable of pro
ducing cereals.”
Cabbages.—The cultivation of the cab
bage for stock-feeding lias now become
quite common in many sections of our coun
try. That the cabbage is a valuable veg
etable for this purpose there can belittle
doubt. The specific quantity of its ac
tually alimentary matter is, however, very
inconsiderable; yet, when fed in connexion
with other vegetables of a more solid and
nutritive quality, and which, although they
greatly exceed it in this respect, are yet
interior to it in volume or bulk, it subserves
a very important and valuable purpose in
the economy of alimentation, and aids
materially by the stimulus of distention
which it produces.
Importation of Fruit Trees.—Trees are
imported in bales and cases, chiefly from
France, England and Scotland; and seeds
are invoiced by the ton. Their aggregate
value for the season it is difficult" to cal
culate; but, as the nurserymen chiefly’
import through a single agency in this city,
some approximation may he made. The
largest nurseries in the United .States are
in the vicinity of Rochester, where there
are something like 2,000 acres of young
fruit trees in process of culture. A single
firm has as many as 400 acres. At
Syracuse there is a nursery of 300 acres,
and very large ones are to be found in
nearly all the principal western cities—even
in lies Moines and Dubuque, which were
recently in the heart of the wilderness.
The destruction of trees by the severity of
the two last winters and the rapid settle
ment of western lands, but more than all
the encouragement of the culture of domes
tic fruit afl'orded by the formation of nu
merous agricultural societies throughout
the country, have given an impetus to
this business which is quite unprecedented.
Cantelopc Melons can he raised with all
the certainty of the cucumber and the
pumpkin. A sandy loam is always to be
preferred; hut any light friable soil, with a
boutliern exposure, free from prevailing
moisture, will answer. The ground should
be converted into a fine tilth; the hills
should be dug out to a depth often inches,
eighteen inches in diameter, which should
he filled with one-third well-rotted manure,
one-third sand, (should the soil not possess
any,) and one-third ricli earth, well mixed.
The hills should he from eight to twelve
feet apart each way, and the seed—say fiv e
to a hill—an inch below the.surface. When
the sprouts are two inches high give them
a sprinklingofwood ashes, while the (lew
is on, or alter watering them, and repeat
three or four times. This will drive away
the insects. When they are six inches
high remove all but two or three vines, ac
cording to the space between the rows, and
carefully put round, not to, the vines a
little guano. In moving the weeds from
the beds the vines should not he disturbed,
as the rootlets which supply the principal
nourishment to the fruit will he destroyed.
Nothing more is needed to yield an amount
of this delicious melon that will astonish the
uninitiated.
Horses' Coats•—Lately, going to the
country (says tlie'editor of Porter’s Spirit
of the Times) to spend a few weeks with a
friend of mine, 1 drove a very handsome
horse, and a good pin, hut was always
annoyed about his coat, as it was more like
a lot of bristles than a horse’s smooth skin,
and all the grooming he could get “wouldn’t
do it no good.” My friend’ who is a great
horse-breeder and fancier, made me try
giving him a few carrots every day out of
my hand, saying that he would have a f -ood
smooth coat in three weeks; and lie was
right, for in that time my horse had a beau
tiful, sleek, glossy coat, and all from eating
a few carrots daily. He tells me it is in
fallible.
Use of Hen Manure on Corn.—I have
been in the habit of using hen manure, ap
plied in the lull, on coni for a number of
vears with excellent success. I t ke my
hen manure to a convenient place, (sav
a barn floor) and pulverize it thoroughly,
then mix two-sixths ashes and one-sixth
plaster, with an equal proportion of the
manure in hulk, of both ashes and plaster.
After preparing my ground by spreading
(6ay s) 25 cart loads el stable or other good
manure on the turf, and ploughing it under,
I maik out my ground without either har
rowing or hushing, and then drop one gill
of the above mixture in each hill, either
planting my corn close beside, or kicking
on a little dirt with my foot over the mix
ture, and planting directly on it. 1 row
both ways, three and one-half feet. In
this way I have succeeded in getting fine
C ™I ,S - I generally use about 15 bushels
w hen manure mixture to the acre: but if
j I used no other manure to carry outthejturcs
i crop, T would ceit.iinlv use at least 40 tende:
of the dead ; but her ey es—those
tender eves,* they literally blazed with
I tliink most fanners scorn. For a moment she remained with-
missit, in running over too much ground out uttering a word; then “Unmanly
crop
4 bushels of the same'.
io get a bushel of corn, when by manuring
heavily they get the same grain *on less
ground, and make a saving in labor, and
leave the soil in a better state for stocking
down.
Tomatoes.—A correspondent of the
Genesee Farmer gives Lis mode of growing
tomatoes. He forwards his plants in a hot
bed or green house, and grows them in
pots until they aie a foot or a foot and a
half high, turning them out about the second
week in May. lie plants them three feet
apart in rows. When planted he drive-*
down a few stakes, six or eight feet apart,
leaving them about four feet high the whole
length of the rows, and nailing a strip of
wood all along the tops, and tying one or
two lower down the stalks, to make a
trellis. The ground should l>e dug deep
and made rich with manure, and a spoon
ful of guano mixed with the soil around
each root. We quote: When they have
grown sufficiently long to tie to the trellis,
I select two or three of the longest shoots
and tie them loosely to the trellis, cutting
away all other small laterals which may
grow on the main branches. I let these
main branches grow until they have come
in flower and set the first hunch of fruit;
then I pinch out the top, one joint above
the fruit, leaving the leaf entire. I then
allow it to go on again until it lias (lowered
and set another hunch of fruit, when the
top is pinched out one leaf above the hunch,
the same as the first, and so on of all the
rest, taking care to cut all the laterals
which may grow on the main branches
down to the axels of the leaves, as often as
they are produced, hut leaving the leave:
entire. If any one will take this little extr;
trouble, he will be amply repaid and abso
lutely astonished at the immense clusters
offine large tomatoes lie will have. If
planted in a faveiable situation, they will
ripen at least as early as those grown in any
other way out of doors, and frequently
three days or a week earlier. When ripe
they will hang longer on the vines without
decaying. The situation can hardly be
too sunny. Deep, light, loamy soil suits
them best.”
From the New York Sunday Dispatch.
Use Fatal Blow.
It is a cold, winter evening, the wind
whistle and moans without; from another
apartment the merry shout and ringing
laugh of childhood is borne to my ear, but
in their jays 1 have no part. 1 sit in my
solitary room, and as I gaze into tlie glow
ing embers, faithful, cruel memory, tells
me why I sit alone.
From my earliest years I longed for
love and sympathy. Left alone in the
world without one friend, how often I have
wished that God had left me a mother or
a sister; and then my rebellions heart
would blame Providence, that I alone
should he desolate.
But I was forced to crush such thoughts ;
and with none on whom I might lavish niv
a fleet ion, I grew up i wild, ungovernable
boy—my temper was like the slumbering
volcano, ready at any moment to hurst
forth with fury, yet none who looked in
to my face, in my calm moods, would have
dreamed that in a moment I might he
changed into a demon. I need not tell
where, or how, I met with Ellen; the
Lea lit il ul—the glorious embodiment of all
my dreams. Enough, that she was the
idol of a happy home. I can see her now,
her bright eyes filling with tears, as she
listened to a tale of woe. and anon, flash
ing with indignation over a recital of
wrong. And this high souled, beautiful
child—for she was little more than a child
—loved, and looked up to inc with a devo
tion that sometimes sent a Jiang to mv
heart.
“Ellen,” I said, one evening, I tremble,
lest in taking you from your home I should
not make you happy.”
She raised her confiding eyes to mine,
and as she nestled closer to me, soitly an-,
swered, “1 have no fear,”
“But, darling, you do not know me, as
lain; my temper is like the whirlwind—
and you have no fear it may overwhelm
you?”
“Never mind your temper'” she gaily
answered, “I will mend that; and I mean
to make you such a perfect dove, that you
won’t know yourself.”
Well, we were married; and as I Ward
those innocent lips pronounce the vows to
he mine—mine forever—my heart swelled
with rapture, and inwardly swore that she
should never repent that hour. 1 bore
her to the home which I had prepared for
her, and there, in that simple abode, were
passed the only happy days of my life.
My hopes were realised. 1 had love far
beyond my deserts, and I lived in a dream
of holy and tranquil bliss. And Ellen—1
know she was happy.. Often, when I have
taken her hands, and asked, have you re
pented, Ellen? she would fix her earnest,
truthful glance on me, and laughingly re
ply “Do you see contrition in my eyes?”
Blessed time! How cmihl the fiend find
ntrance to such a paradise?
At the time of our marriage, I had just
entered into business and with a very
small capital, consequently I had a great
many hard struggles in meeting my en
gagements. To Ellen, 1 never revealed
these trials, from a mistaken notion, that
the dear child could not understand busi
ness matters ; and therefore it would give
her needless pain.
1 had a note in bank, which must he
taken up on a certain day. My mind was
harrassed fearfully. Should I fail in meet
ing it, my credit would he ruined. For
several days I had used every exertion;
and the evening previous to the last day
of grace, found nui without the necessary
amount.
I was about to close the store for the
niglit, when an old companion of my bach
elor days entered ; and, seeing my dejec
tion, lie jestingly inquired if I were mourn
ing over my lost liberty. I candidly told
him my situation. lie studied for a few
moments during which I finished the work
of shutting up, the n cheerfully exclaim
ed—“I think I can let you have the mon
ey to-morrow.” We left the store togeth
er; and as my companion proceeded to
tell me that, if I would call upon him, at
nine, the next morning, he would lend me
the amount, 1 was almost stupefied with
the good news ; and could scarcely utter
my hearty thanks. “Never mind about
the old fellow, I understand you—-just
step in here,” we were at the door of a
fashionable drinking house, “and let’s
have something.” wUas! where was my
guardian angel then? We entered, and 1
drank. In live minutes 1 felt the jioison
mounting to my brain. 1 did not become
drunk, hut that one glass, unused as I was
to stimulants of any kind, was like molten
lead in my veins. I reached home with a
wild irritable feeling, which 1 could not
control. 1 was anxious to recover iny
composure before I should meet Ellen;
hut her quick car detected me, and in a mo
ment 1 heard her light feet bounding down
the stairs. I was sitting with my head turn
ed aside ; as she entered, I felt provoked ;
why could she not leave me alone for a mo
ment? Fhe was at my side in a moment
C’oine, loiterer,” she exclaimed, taking
me mischievously by the ear—the moment
she reeled across the room. Great God!
could it be a reality? was mine the hand
that dealt the blow? Oh, the agony of
that moment; eternity cannot blot out the
horror that filled my soul.
She did not fall, hut, recovering herself,
stood confronting me. Never can 1 forget
that look. Her features were as the fea-
coward!” broke from her white lips, and I
was alone. When I dared to seek her, she
was in her chamber; and her sobs, every
one of which seemed to rend her heart
strings, were daggers to my heart. I im
plored her forgiveness; told her that I
knew not .what I did—that I was mad.
Her generous nature could not bear my
distress, and she hade me tlrink of it no
more, and assured me of her entire forgive
ness.
I rom that night Ellen was never the
same. True, she strove robe as of old ;
but I felt that “the iron had entered her
soul.” Never again did she spring for
ward, her innocent countenance sparkling
with joy, to meet me ; but a feeling of fear
had fallen on her light heart.
That fearful evening was never alluded
to. Her proud heart would have shrunk
from the jiity bestowed by her friends, and
her grief was buried in the silence of her
own heart. I saw her fade, slowly hut
surely, from the earth. No medicine could
reach her disease. The doctors said it
was a decline—-that she was predisposed
to consumption ; and I even thought her
last breath was spent in blessing me and
in struggling to assure me of her love, did
1 not know that I was her murderer.
! am now an old man ; yet from that
fatal hour the demon who wrought my
ruin has never visited me; and 1 have
lived on the “days that were,” and on hope
of meeting my lost Ellen in the world where
the stars of passion and the tears of sorrow
are net er known.
Or igin, of the Mormons.—It will he re-
eolleeted that about a year ago a Mormon
emissary named Parley P. Pratt was kil
led in Arkansas, by one McLean, whose
wife lie had persuaded to leave her family,
to become one of his “spiritual harem in
Utah.” We find the f d!o .ving st.-.t fluent
among the writings of this Pratt, who was
known as one of their ablest and most zeal-
mis propagandists:
“The Book of Mormon contains the his
tory of the ancient inhabitants of America,
who were a branch of the house of Israel,
of the tribe, of Joseph of whom the Indians
are still a remnant; hut the principal na
tion of them having fallen in battle in the
fourth or fifth century, one of their pro
phets, whose name was Mormon, saw fit
to make an abridgement of their history,
their prophecies and their doctrines; which
he engraved on plates, and afterwards, be
ing slain, the second fell in the hands of his
son Moroni, who, being hunted by ene
mies was directed to deposit the word safe
ly in the earth, with a promise from God
that it should he preserved, and should be
brought to light in the latter days by- means
of a Gentile nation, who should possess
the land!”
The deposit was made about the year 420
in a hill called Cumora, in what is now On
tario county, where it was preserved until
it was brought to light by no less than the
ministry of angels, and translated by in
spiration.”
As to the meaning and derivation of the
word Mormon we are favored with the fol
lowing absurd etymology from Joe Smith
himself, characteristic both of his impu
dence and his ignorance:
•The Bible, in its widest sense, means
good. We say from the Saxon, good; the
Dane god; the Goth goda; the German gut;
the Dutch goed; the Latin bonus; the
Greek, Kalos; the Hebrew, toh; and the
Egyptian, mnu. Hence with the addition
of more, or the contraction mor, we have
tlie word mor-inon, which means, literally,
more good.” (?)
A Comfortable Establishment.
A correspondent of the New York Indc-
pendi nt thus describes the domain of the
Duke of Devonshire;—’’The domain of the
Duke of Devonshire would cover one of
our largest counties. The park immediate
ly surrounding the palace is eleven miles
in circumference, and contains 4000 acres.
The principal gardens for vegetables,
fruits, green-houses, oct, is twenty-five
acres. There are thirty green-houses,
each from fifty to seventy-five feet long.
We went into three or four containing
nothing but pine-ajiples, ripe: others con
tain nothing hut melons and cucumbers.
One peach tree on the glass wall measured
fifty-one feet in width and fifteen feet
high, and bears one thousand peaches.
It is the largest in the world. Tliegrape-
houses—five or six in all—are 000 feet
long, and swh grapes! We saw pine apples
weighing ten or fifteen pounds each. One
green-house had only figs, another only
mushrooms. But what shall he said of the
great conservatory, filled with every va
riety of tropical plants? It is one of the
wonders of the world. It covers an aeic
of ground, is 100 feet high, of oval shape,
and cost 6500,000. It is heated by
steam and hot water pipes, which in all are
six miles in length. The apparatus con
sumes 900 tons of coal in one year. We
saw banana trees twenty li et high, with
clusters of fruit, sugar cane, coftee-trccs
bamboo, and in short, every tropical plant
that can be named. Several of the palm-
trees are from fifty to sixty feet high. The
smoke of the immese fire underneath is
carried in jiijies underground to an outlet
in the woods. The coal is brought in a
tunnel 600 yards tinder ground. One
fountain throws a jet of water to the height
2(5 feet.
Billiards.—Extraordinary Run.—Yes
terday Mr. John W. Hester was playing
a game of billiards, and lit’ an adroit play
brought the two red together about eigh
teen inches from the cushion at the foot of
the table. He then “nursed” them so
skillfully that he marked two thousand one
hundred and ffty-secin points by seven
hundred and nineteen consecutive caroms!
without making a cushin! The time oc
cupied in making this run of two thousand
one hundred and fifty-seven points, was
nearly two hours; and it was only termi
nated when the player, feeling that he
had accomplished a feat in billiards which
possibly, the world never saw before, be
come pardonably excited, lost his steadi
ness ot nerve, and made a false plaj r . This
account might well he doubted were its
correctness not attested by eight persons
who were absorbed spectators throughout
the run—JV. O. Tiuc Delta, Feb, 12.
Love in iicuih.
A mother sits by a low ly grave.
A hillock small and green,
With two gn-y stones at the head and feet,
And the daisied turf between.
Silent she sits in that place of graves,
As if tranced in a dream of prayer,
And her hand soft p ays with the rustling grass
As with the curls of an infant’s hair.
Does she think of the time when she hushed it
soft
Wiih cradle lullabies?
Or when it hung on teaming breast,
Wi h a smile in its lifted eyes?
Or when she touched with a reverend hand
(When its sunny years were three)
The lamb-like fleece of its flaxen locks.
As it prayed beside her knee?
On the hour when a sad and simple pail
Was horno from the cottage door,
And its dancing step was never heard
Again on the household floor?
Doi-s she fondly image a cherub shape,
‘Mid a shining angel band,
With star-browned locks and garments white,
With a lily in its hand? '
Silent her thought; but at twilight hour
Ever she sitteth there,
And her hand oft plays with the rustling grass
As w ith the cuils of an infaut’s hair.
. The Tlormeaa In Flah.
Extracts from a Letter to Hour nor Cumming, by
Dr. Hurt, Indian Agent in Utah.
After a’few introductory sentences, Dr. Hurt
addresses his excellency as follows:
J would premise that I came to Utah three years
ago, lully resolved to divest myself of any predilec
tion or prejudice, either for or against any of the peo
ple of the Territory, knowing that I should have
an opportunity of forming an acquaintance with
them from personal observation, and determined to
make that the basis ofray opinions andactions with
regard to them.
Consequently I endeavored from the outset to
render myself, in every respect, as courteous and
affable as I could toward them. Under this course
j it is not unreasonable that 1 acquired many friends
l among the laboring classes, with whom I neces
sarily associated much, and for whom 1 confess 1
contracted a sympathetic regard. It was not long,
however, till I recognised among them the exis
tence of a heart-lelt hatred for the people of the
United States, and with surpiise and regret I was
compelled to witness That this hatred was fed and
sustained by harangues from those in authority
with the church, whom 1 have never known to lose
an opportunity for fanning the flames of this
rebellious spirit. Under a s, lies of the most
flimsy pretexts, and by distorting the history of
their connexion with the government and people
of the United States, they present to the world a
list ot grievances which constitute the theme of
every orator, the initiatory lesson of every n vv
convert, and the intutitive doctrine of almost
every mother to her child.
This state of things rendered my position among
these people not by any means uninteresting or
irresponsible. With a lively interest for their
pecuniary welfare and political prosperity, I coflld
not avoid interposing, as occasions were offered,
efforts to correct tiie en rols and misguided impulses
under which I conceived them to be laboring; but
on all occasions I endeavored to act. with becom
ing deference for iheir feelings. Iu this cause I
Lake City, was attacked iu open daylight by ft
band of ruffians aud razed to the ground. Clark
had rented the house the day before, (paying the
rent in advance.) and was just moving into it. He
remonstrated, but to no effect; offered resista^fce,
hut was overpowered. His wife cried for mecy,
but was not heard. He then, appealed to know
why he was thus treated. to'which tiro only re
ply was, ‘-We don’t intend that any damned
Gentile shall live in our ward.” Clark and his
wife were left standing in the street in snow three
feet deep, not knowing where to look for shelter
from the storms of a winter.
On the night of the loth day of the same month
a band of ruffians repaired to the house of Henry
J. Jarvis, a merchant on the corner of South
Temple and Emigration streets, in Grtat Sait
Lake City at the hour of 10 o’clock, and calling
Mr. J. into the store-room under pretence of want
ing to trade, clinched him by the hair, jerked him
instantly over the counter, threw him violently
upon the floor, and commenced stamping on him.
Jarvis struggled for life, and as most ol his as
sailants had loosed their hold on him for the pur
pose of stamping, hr succeeded iu throwing lnm-
self out of doors into the street. His wife and
some female visitors, hearing the fracas and the
cry of “murder” in the well-known voice of the
husband, fled also in consternation iuto the street,
but the appeaiauce of men armed with bludgeons
frightened them back to their rooms again. See
ing that their victim had escaped, the incendia-
arics set tire to the house and retreated iu the
darkness. Jarvis reached the doors of his nearest
neighbors and implored their protection, which
was denied him on the ground of his being a dis
senter from the faith. Finding that the ruffians
had left, Mrs. Jarvis and her companions went
into the store and by means ot snow succeeded in
extinguishing the tire, which was kindled on the
counter, and had not yet reached the walls of the
building. At a late hour Mr. Jarvis returned to
his house accompanied by Wiliam Bell, esq., late a
merchant in Salt Lake City, who remained with
him during the rest of the night,
labored with zeal hut with Joubttul prospects of j On the night of the lath day of March last three
success, until the autumn of 1856, when matters men, two of them by the name of Parrish, (father
assumed such an aspect that it required no land son,) and one name Potter, were most inhu-
prophr.tic or visionary power to discern in the minds j manly murdered and butchered on the public
of the people a disposition to assert their constitu-j highway, about aquaiter of a mile south of the
tional rights. A spirit of independence was evi-, t iwu of Spriiigville, in Utah county. 1 am ot
dently abroad among them, gradually infusing opinion that if the testimony in this case shall
itself mto their thoughts and actions; hut the eye of j ever be brought to light it will present one of the
;he priesthood was upon them, and watched with most bloody atrocities known to the catalogue of
no ordinary solicitude the course of events, until
at length by one vast revolution of the subtle
machinery of .priestcraft, all our hopes were
blasted, and the voice of liberty bushed throughout
the length and breadth of its dominions. This
crime. The corpse of the dead men were literally
riddled with rifle and pistol balls ; the throat of
each of them was cut, and the elder Parrish had
his cheek cut off' and ids bowels ripped out. With
as little noise as passible an inquest was held over
miraculous feat of interposition was conducted un-| tin bodies, which found “death by unknown asas
derthe name of a religious reformation. sins.” And then, as if to add insult to injury,
Leaving out of view their revival and practice! I have heard men attempt to justify the deed by
of the In pothetical dogmas of nineteen centuries I saying that “they had threatened tiie Bishopand
j ago, together with their adoption of many liciicul- j again, to satisfy the poor Indians who could not
ous practices deleterious to themselves and their'see any reason for spilling so much blood, that
I posterity, under distorted ideas of moral aud
physical law, it is my purprise at present to discuss
Mormonism iu its relations to the constitution and
| the law s of the country under w hich it arose and
j lias advanced to its present position.
The doctrines of religious toleration and freedom
they had threatened the Iiidians.” One man told
me in round terms that the less 1 coulJ say about
it the better it would be for tne. I know nothing
of these men—the Parrishes and Potter—except
that they were dissenteis from their Church.
Potter was a brother of Wiliam Potter, who was
of conscience are favffrite themes of the Mormon j murdered with Gunnison aud it may he that “the
missionaries, but many of their new converts have Mod s secrets were iu danger,” and that “dead men
learned by sad experience that no such doctrines tell no tales” is a maxim which they seem to un-
have ever bceu tolerated or practiced within the derstand and appreciate. The testimony in this
borders of this new Zion. To show with what | case is now struggling for utterance in the breast
vaunted applause the reformation above referred ol many an honest man and woman in Utah,and
to was heralded to the woiId I must, quote from j should it ever come forth will rend the veil of
the pen of one of Brigham Young's satellites, who' secrecy, and show lip men and measures in their
says. I true colors. That "murder will out"is an old
“When this reformation commenc 'd there was and pretty well-established maxim, and, “as the
not a distillery,, brewery, grog-shop, gambling] Lord lvigtn-th, judgment will yet belaid to tbe
saloon, or house of ill-fame in the Territory. No I line and righteousness to the plummet.,’
row <Jy ism, incendiarism, prostitution, homicides, j On the u.giit of December ft t, I dob a female who
suicides, infanticides, lorgeries, or murders. What,! bad recently arrived iu a handcart train commit-
I then, says he, is the condition of the people that 1 ted suicide in the eastern suburbs of great Salt
they require reform?” Lake City rather than submit to polygamy, the
And m answer to this interrogation he brings j existence of which had been denied by her teachers
| up the old Missouri persecutions of twenty years ! in England. Soon after her arrival she had been
ago as a cause of this necessity. He then breaks 1 told that she must be sealed to the man in whose
| lortli again iu most, enthusiastic adulation of the j family she was then living, and on refusing to do
! peculiar features of this work thus: | so she w as informed in a peremptory tone that she
I “This reformation bears no resemblance what-i would bo denied ptotection aud means of snbsist-
ever to sectarian revivals. There is no exciteim nt, ence from any source, and denounced as a pros-
■ no enthusiasm, no woiking upon the feelings ot the 1 titute. Such announcements brought her unfur-
people, nothing but a calm appeal to their judg- nate situation too plainly before her. Itwastoo
I mem. Hence the fruits are different.” too much lor the tender chords which bound her
I In bis b<au ideal of felicity the mind of the I spirit to its mortal tenement, aud the fatal razor
religionist, in contemplating so exemplary a con-! was brought to ns relief.
ditioii of society as is here portrayed, would Here, sir is presented a catalogue of crimes of
I naturally revert to this new Zion as the chosen seat ] the deepest dye. most of which have been perpe-
• ot Divine interposition for tiie perfection of human j trated in the metropolis of this new Zion, the
| happiness, ami in profit: imagination picture iu I capital ot Utah, and the home ot Brigham 4 oung;
i this reformation a glorious transition from eaithly ! aud > !l respect to either of which comment is un-
| turmoils toamoic perfect similitude to celestial | nece.-ary to show that one or more of the above
creatures It is to be regretted that so sublime a
picture should ever have been encumbered with a (ally, openly, and flagrantly disregarded.
| liar!.' side, but that such is the case in this instance ot all tiiesc facts, David O. Oalder, 1
I 1 shall endeavor to show as 1 proceed to discuss
j Mormonism in its relations to the constitution and
! laws of the country
clauses of constitutional iaw has been most shame*
In the
Brigham
Young's chief cleikand letter-writer, is eager to
have it understood throughout tiie world that no
such crimes were know n in Utah when this re-
I During the reformation a proclamation issued j formation commenced—i. c., about October 15,
from the “Lord's anuointed,” announcing the I L"“->6 but that all was peace, love, sobriety, and
solemn fact that the people had violated their! good order. This, we are bound to believe, was
covenants with God, and commanding them i ll, e happy state of things in Utah about the time of
indescriminately to bow at the confessional, and to Jds reformation. W hat, then, follows in its wake?
repair to the streams of the mountains and he Midnight plundering, burglary, ruffianism, arson,
reb-iptized forthwith. Under the execution of suicide, and murder
j this mandate thousands now in Utah will not he
surprised when Isay that I have seen nn.-u and
| women w eeping in the bitterest agony of soul; and
j when I attempted to console them they would say
that they abhored the idea of being forced into a
j confessional, but dared not i. fuse. Others w ould
say that they knew not wherein they had sinned,
I but that they dared not disobey the council. Again,
I those thousands w ill not be surprised w hen 1 say
11! nit I have heard their teachers announce to them
i on numerous occasions, in round terms, that if they
j refused to obey the mandate they would “get their
I d—d throats cut.” Poor creatures! Like flies in
| the spider's web, they would struggle to be foe
again hut after every effort sink down exhausted
with the strong fetters of power more closely draw n
about them.
That Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion or prohibiting the free
exercise thereof is a clause of the constitution
which the Mormons feign to cherish and observe
but those in Utah who have felt constrained to <1 if
t'er from them conscientiously can testify with
what imminent peril to tin ir lives they have b
forced to abandon il.c exeu-ise of this sacred c
stitutioiml privilege. Under this clause of the con
stitution the Mormons attempt to justify them-
seivi s in erecting a system of theocratic autocrat
which recognises the shedding of human gore for
the remission of sins, aud have formed themsi-lv
into a religious body politic, w ith municipal regu
lations, institutions, and practices which reflect
dishonor and insult upon the enlightened age in
which they live. They have kept an organized
police of banditti, whose business it is to prowl
about the domicile of the citizen, or crouch in some
m>ok upon the highway, in the dead hours of the
night, for the pm pose of exacting under its sable
curtain tic penalty of their bloody ritual from some
unfortunate creature w ho may have incurred the
indignation of the priesthood. Under tiiis system
ot pseudo religion the torch of the incendiary and
the knife of the assassin are the chosen instruments
of vengeance upon those who may have dared to
lift theirMoulds or voices against the authority ol
the Church. It matters little by what chieaniry
and falsehood they may have been inveigled into
this society of abominations, the only hope of
safety lies in the servile acquieseuce in the will of
those who have plotted their ruin.
These other clauses of the constitution are dis
regarded or overlooked which declare that,
“The right of the people to be secure in their
persons, houses, papers, and effects against all
unreasonable searches aud seizures shall not be
violated.
“No person shall be held to answ er for a capital
or otherwise infamous crime unless on a present
ment or indictment by a grand juiy.
“Nor sluill any person be subjected for tiie
same effence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or
limb.
"Nor shall he be compelled in any criminal ea-e
to be a witness against himself
“Norbe deprived of life, liberty, or property
without due process of law.”
Here, sir, area few clauses of constitutional law-
worthy of our most ardent esteem and devotion, as
forming the basis of civil liberty, the proteetii g
a-iris of tie-citizen’s rights; but with wlmt degree
of good faith they have been observed by this Mor
mon hierarchy will best appear from the recital of
a few incidents among many that have obtruded
themselves upon my notice.
On the morning of December 2!), 1856, I was
iuformed that the office o' he clerk of the supreme
court had been broken open the night hi fore and
rohbi d of the docket, official papers, and library of
the said court. To satisfy myself of the truth of
this report, I visited the office rooms, where I met
C. E. Bolton, deputy clerk, and also Judge 8ti!es
and T. 8 Williams, and to my astonishment found
nothing but the office furniture remaining in the
apartment. Not only the books, paper, docu
ments, Ac., of the supreme court, but the law
library of Messts Btiies and Williams had also
hern extracted. While we were yet lingering
about tiie premises, it was discovered that a privy
in the back yard had been destroyed by tire, the
-mould- ring remains of which were still visible,
and on examining the vault several books were
found partly burned and still burning. I was a
little surprised to learn from a letter published by
Mr. Bolton subsequently that the court records
had not been destroyed, as I do not recollect of
his having made any allusion to their safety at
that time. In a conversation with Mr. B. a few
days after the occurrence lie told me that be was
satisfied that the burglary had been committed by
a party of mischievous hoys, (whose names he did
imt mention.) but said that it would he useless to
try to bring them Injustice, as-the evidence was not
sufficient to produce conviction.
On the night of January 8. 1857, in the western
suburbs of the city of the great Salt Lake, the
voice of a female mingling with the outcries of
children was heard in tiie streets Morning came,
and with it the news that the house -of Mary Uoi-
fiiis, a poor widow, had been attacked about 11
o’clock at night aud destroyed by a band of mid
night incendiaries. Mrs. Collins fled with iier
three small children in their night cloths iuto the
street, where the snow lay three feet deep, and
every gust of the night wind pierced them to the
vitals, and where they came nigli perishing before
they found a charitable door.
On the morning of the Kith day of the same
month the house of Charles Clark, in great Salt
But it maybe argued, by way of extenuation,
that these .crimes w ere committed by outlaws, over
whom the rival authorities have no control, or
that the victi ins in the above cases were themselves
violators ot law, and merited the maltreatment
they received.
1 would ask, in the first instance, whether the
Mormons make any effort to control the prepetra-
tors of these crimes? Does the Deseret News, the
oigan of Brigham Young, lift its voice to notify
the victims of the presence of danger, and demand
that the lawless e\ il-doers shall be ferreted out and
brought to justice? No ; but its columns are de
voted to comments on a ‘Jate conflagration in Pan
Franc.sco,” a “riot in Pt. Louis,” or a ‘drought, - ’
or “tremendous hail-storm” somewhere ill the
.States, pn dieting therefrom the destruction of the
Gentile world. Examine the discourses of Brig
ham Young, Heher C. Kimball, and their coadju-
tois.as they appear in the columns of that sheet,
and tell me if you see anything discountenancing
the petpetralion of ihese enormities. On the con
trary, is it not plain that they are winked at and
encouraged'
And, ia th- second instance, I would ask if the
people ol Utah have not law s for the regulation of
society and the punishment of evil-doers? Have
they not been provided with courts and grand
juries? 'I'h'.'U, if Mary Collius and others have
trodden the forbiden paths of crime, why not bring
them to justice by due process of lair!
But no doubt ilics-* persons are ot opinion that
the office of the supreme court was an institution
of great annoyance to themselves and deserved to
he abated, for that court is hound to recognise the
sacred constitutional guaranty to every mail of the
right of trial by jury ami to condemn those who
seek under cover of night to inflict law less punish
ment whether deserved or undeserved.
But I oweiheir territorial enactments a passing
notice, w hich may exemplify more fully ihtsir utter
indifference to constitutional law.
They have endowed their courts of probate with
concurrent jtuisdictiun w ith the district courts of
(lie United Stales in all cases, both civil and
criminal, arising under the laws of the Territory.
They have empowered them with grand juries,
which convene from four to six times in each
year at. vast expense to the pi opie, to inquire into
crime and misdeem anurs in each of their respective
counties. In these courts of probate, therefore,
a man may be indicted and put in jeopardy of
his life. But perhaps the grand jury of the district
court of the United States is convened during the
week following, and clanged to take cognizance
of all crimes and misdemeanors arising within the
body of Knur district, both under the laws of the
United Matt s and of the Territory. What right
has the district court to presume that another tri
bunal has stepped in and removed the burden of
responsibility from its shoulders? And l have
doubt, d in hiy ow n mind any right on its part to
recognize the existence of such an institutionrtis
tiie other tribunal. Then ifniy position be coirect—
probate courts nut being of l ight courts of compe
tent jurisdiction in the case—the man who was
indicted and tried for murder last week in
one court may again b-' presented and placed in
j.opardy of his life, in violation of constitutional
law.
They have enacted that an attorney shall be re
quired in all cases to d- pose, whether for or
against his client, all facts which cum ■ to his
knowledge in his . opacity of attorney, which is in
ell'ect a violation of ( institutional law.
They have also enacted that in criminal proce-
diitga a st.it may be stopped at any stage by agree
ment of parties and payment of costs, thereby
opening a door for a speci s of bribery and cor
ruption the most deleetiious to public interest that
can he imagined.
And these are the persons who are whining
con emally and piteously of injuries inflicted Oil
them by persons outside their society, but is it not
plain that they are professional coniplainers, who
w hine at any anu everything f„r the purpose of
instilling into deluded victims prejudices against
the government uiiJer which they live, and for
in. tilling sympathy abroad? They calumniate ail
who presume lo lit: their voices against them. By
a w el I adj listed system of falsehood, chi cam ry, fraud
aud calumny, they have long deceived mankind
iu regard to their abominable institutions and
practices. They have deluded, decoyed, and ru
ined torevor thousands of honest people ; robbed
thi in of their property, deprived them uf their con
stitutional rights, and are now urging them for
ward ill a system of treason and rebellion which
w ill lead them inevitably into war, devastation,
aud ruin. ,.
Holloway's Pills and Ointment—pen arc of Impos-
turc.—The Canniness of these invaluable remedies is
easily known. L. ok to the Water-mink! If the
words, “Holloway, Kew Yoik and London,” are not to
he seen in semi-transparent letteis in the paper of
the book of directions, when held to the light, Lie same
is spurious. The family provided with these medicines
is fortified against the ’dangerous (fifects of dyspepsia,
liver complaint, nervousMiscast-,liisoiders of the bowels
ei options, ulcers, sores,and exterior inflamation gene
rally. All these yield to Holloway's uuupproiiclmblo
remedies.
Messrs. Tappaxi & McKillop, commer
cial agents, have issued a circular, in
ti Inch they estimate tiie total number of
failures in the United States during IS57
t 6,029, to the amount of >282,335,000.
Hr. Turner’s Poem “The Dlutitery of Sir John
Franklin.'*
I see in the Atlanta Daily Intelligencer of the
14th inst , an article which the editors say is from
tiie pen of the “literary editor of the New Orleans
Sunday Della," and which, they add, is quite sav
age in its criticisms of Mr. J. A. Turner's poem,
“l’he Discovery of Sir John Franklin.”’ It is
not my purpose to consider the editors of the Intel
ligencer by the republication of this article, even
the quasi endorsers of the sentiments therein con
tained. but to tell what I think is the cause of
the aforesaid “literary editors” being so “savage,
and to add such other remarks as the occasion
may suggest.
1 presume that the Sunday Delta is the Sunday
editiun of that paper published in New Orleans,
which is run-wad—crazy—frantic—rabid, on the
subject of disuuiou. It is presumable that its "lit
erary editor,” either from principle, or on account
of ttie pittance allowed linn for his witty para
graphs—he occupying the place of a kind of “tool"
in the newspaper department—is as muchafllic'ed
with the L'mou-phohia as the other conductors of
that paper, riucli being the case, he no sooner
sees tiie expression of a patriotic, or union-loving
Sentiment, than he begins to loam at the month,
aud exliibit other symptoms of bis incurable mal
ady; so as as to remind one of the description
given of the lunatic iu the 4th. chapter of St.
Mark.—
“And when He (Jesus,) was conic out of tin-
ship. immediately there met him out of the tombs,
a man with an unclean spirit, who had been dwel
ling among the tombs; and no man could bind him,
no, not with chains: Because that lie had been
often bouud with fetters and chains, and the
eh ins had been plucked asunder by him, and the
fetters broken iu pieces: neither could any rnau
tame him. And always, night aud day, he was
iu the mountains, aud iu the tombs, crying and
cutting himseit with stones.”
Now 1 do not intend to hint any similarity b*-
tween tiie lunatic described above, and the lunatic
of the Di It a, so far as “ihe tombs” are concerned:
for this might imply that he w as a criminal as
well as a iunaiic: yet the points of resemblance
between tiie two, are very pateut. Besides this,
tiie “critic’ reminds me of the effects which a cer
tain plant is said to produce upon the rattle-snake,
i bis reptile—(l mean tbe snake)—may be lying
very peaceably and quietly: hut touch him with
tiie plant which he hates, and he straightway be
comes enraged to fury, throws out his poison on
every side, biting himself; and every tiling and
every body near li:m. 8o it is with the “literary edi
tor possessed of the unclean spirit of Unioii-pho
bia. He may be ordinarily very quiet: but just
say “Union’- to him, and immediately he is like
the lunatic among the tombs, or the reptile toadi
ed by the hated plant.
\\ hat causes him him to froth so in the case of
Mr. Turner’s Poems,is the fact that among these
| poems are several containing patriotic aud Uuion-
j loving sentiments—particularly the oue entitled
“A Universal Ode for the Inauguration of James
Buchanan.” It is true the “literary editor” does
| not say a word about this Buchanan Ode, but it
j is because he hopes, by avoiding any reference to
j his monomania, that tiie real cause of his being so
exercised will not be suspected. He hopt s by the
ridicule attempted to-be thrown over “The Dis-
! covery oi .Sir John Franklin," to counteract any
I possible beneficial effect, which might be produc-
I ed by tiie patriotic sentiments iu the volume w hich
he essays to ‘ criticise.” _
j The “literary editor” is probably some seedy
| gentleman from the purlieus of Grub Street, who
writes squibs to: the Del a, in order to obtain the
“crumbs which fall from the children’s table."—
As such, his opinions are entitled to but little
w-fight. Nevertheless, 1 will examine his article.
In tne first place, “I shall therefore lay a few chap
tors of tile "criticisms 1 before my readers, with
.-,uch head notes as may serve to explain its more
recondite passages.”
Tiie “literary editor” thus beginueth his criti
cism.
“Mr. J. A. Turner of Georgia has written a book
containing what he calls poetry, and what his en
terprisiug publisher has had the audacity to en
dorse as such.”
He givetli the title of “the book.”
‘Tin- title of the book, derived from the longest,
and therefore on the author’s principles the most
meritorious production which it contains, is “ i he
Di.-co\ try of Sir John Franklin,and other Poems.’’
He endcavori'th to show that he hath “studied
a little Greek.”
“This-title infers that the work alluded to is a
“poem ” However we might be inclined to doubt
this, in the literary sense, we must acknowledge
it io be tru<- etymologically. The w riter doubtless
had studied a little Greek, and knew that “poem’
originally meant'a w ork:’and as the “Discovery
of 8ir John Franklin” is about the most labored
effort we have seen for a long time” (did you see
your own criticism, Mr. “literary editor”)—“we
shall not contest the appropriateness of the desig
nation.”
1I<- showeth a “patronising” disposition, and
coufercth a great favor upon Mr. Turner.
‘•Since we iiave undertaken to patronize South
ern literature, and give as much of it as we can,
for the benefit of our circulation, we think
we ought not to overlook Mr. Turner’s
claims. VVe shall therefore lay a few chapters of
his poem before our readers, w ith such head-notes
as may serve to explain the more recondite pas
sages.”
He expressed his regrets at his own ignorance.
“VVe regret that the poet lias not informed us
concerning the habits of that very peculiar race of
meu who live where the seal sw ims. They may-
have been wi-r-meu; but we do not remember that
Dr. Kane tin utiuus having encountered any of
that amphibious species of the genus homo."
He givetli forth an inference, useth that wholly
original, and highly witty expression about being
“useful, as well as ornamental,” aud speaketh of
the “vividness of the picture.”
“VVe infer from this that it must be a custom
among hyperborean people to light their dwellings
during tiie long winter nights, with tapers borrow
ed from the North Light. It is gratifying to know
that tiie Aurora is thus exceedingly useful as
well as ornamental,—the reader w ill observe the
vividness of this picture of Dr. Kane hunting
round the North Pole with one ot these boreal ta
pers iu lfis hand.”
He groweth exceedingly witty, even unto the
confines of slang; and uttereth an opinion, to
whose suggestions he himself turneth a deaf
ear.
“As might have been expected he couldn't quite
come it ov<r that seal. The discretion of the
taciturn animal, iu keeping his mouth shut, might
have been usefully imitated by the author of the
p. em.”
He thinketk Dr. Kane’s inquiries after Sir John
insane.
“Getting no satisfactory information, or iu fact
no iufoi mation at all. from these various objects,
lie persists iu addressing the most iiusaue
enquiries to all the fish, and fowl, that fall in
his way, meeting, naturally enough, with no sort
of success.”
(piloting the couplet whoso first line is, “L?p
sprang iu lfis pathway a monster,” ho kindly
lufomieth us w ho that “monster” is, Ac., Ac.
“This monster tuns out to be Death, who treats
Dr. Kane with a little more consideration, tor h
shows hint the way to Fir John Franklin, whom he
(the Doctor,) finds iu the other world.”
H givetli the proem to tiie poem, and favoreth
us with a killing suggestion.
“i he author takes the following newspaper
proem as tiie test ot his work.
‘ The rumored death of Dr. Kane, which come by
by tii ■ last steamer, proves too true. The adven
turous navigator has embark d on his last voy age.
He has found Sir John Eraahlin.
“Now we think our readers will agree with us
that Mr. Turner had better write one more such
work, and thou go and find Dr. Kane:—”
And, doubtless, if tiie whole world was peopled
with just such Stupidi as the “liUtary editor,' Mr.
Turner would.
The “literary editor,” no doubt thinks he
lias written a very caustic and witty article. Let
us see what ho has really accomplished. , He heads
Ids piece. “A cold and uusuccessfal Huni." I can
perceive no w it in this: nor is it applicable to Dr.
Kaue as he figures in the poem; for his “hunt,”
us told in v. rsc, was successful. He found Sir
John iti the ‘silent city’ of Death. The heading is
no more applicable to Dr. Kane’s “hunt” as it
really occurred, than as it took place in the
poem: and, b.-iiig so, is suggestive of riJicule of
iUe efforts of tbe “bold saiioi" to discover the long
lost Frankiin. Such is the taste of the “literary
edfior.”
This gentleman writes loosely, and makes his
objections—or implies them—nt random- For in
stance when he says the longest poem is, “on the
principles” of the author, for that reason the most
meritorious, he draws upon his fancy for his facts,
for he has nothing w hatever to justify his asser
tions. Again: what right has he to infer that tiie
author of tiro poem had “studied a little Greek”
—(why not a tig Greek)—unless to show that he
hims' If knows wuat poem meant in the original?
Why should he imagine, even upon ids own
principle, that Mr. Turner, because, in tire “crit
ic's,” eye, he writes bad poetry, therefore Las stud
ied Greek a little?—for this is what he means,rath
er than that Mr. T. has “studied a l.ttU Greek.”
VVh.-it rignt had he to infer that Mr. Turner had
studied Greek at ail, either “little'’ or big! Ac
cording to the “critic’s” rule, if a man writes bad
poetry, he has “studied a tittle Greek:” and by a
parity of reasoning, it lie writes good poetry, he
must have “studiea sbig Greek.” But this iu!e
does not always hold good. Knowing a little
Greek of itself alone, would not disqualify a man
from willing good poetry—else Shake.-pere’s Flays
had been damned, ere now—for according to “rare
Ben Johnson," the “Sweet Swan of Avon” knew
but little Latin, and less Greek, and Bums knew
nothing of cither, 1 believe: yet Burns has been,
by some. consideicJ a writer of good poetry.
Nor will ha\ ing “studied a lag Greek,” or hav
ing studied Greek a great deal, make a man a
poet. Eiitiu Burritt, it he could spare time from
his “I’eace” and Emancipation Societies,” might
pen good po. try: and for aught I know, the “lear
ned Tin-ban” of the Delta might himself be a vety
Milton, though his Greek certainly does no» ena
ble him to w rite a good criticism; or even to use
•lie English language correctly in prose—though
prosy . nuiigli—as is evinced, among other th ugs,
bv his using the word “infer” for “imply.”
'But then the “literary editorl’ thinks ihat giving
“chapters" of Mr. Turner's poems, “with such
head-notes as may serve to explain their most re
condite passages, is perfectly stunning »nd
crusmng. He need not have troubled himM'lf
explain to his n aders those “recondite pas Ba *<.,.’.
for his w.-ll known modesty should have sucE -',
ted to him the possibility that any thing hidden
wmch he couid-see into, might not he altogether
latent lo the c ommon run of mankind. * r
The plan adopted by the Delta man in his at
tempt to throw ridicule upon Mr. Turner's noem,"
by exhibiting them through the medium of !•„/. “
tuns head-notes, could he employed with simi'ar f
feet iu attempting to ridicule any thino- that «•!.
ever penned—tiie poetry of Homer, or even ti
Bible itself. The “literary editor” has seen „
thisarticle, how his own weapons maybe turned
against himself— it indeed any thing could remW
more ridiculous what was already superlatively
Let us come now,immediately to tiie merits of tl,»
case; ihe plan or plot of the poem, called “TI „
Discovery of Sir John Franklin,” is p > ain
simple. Mr Turner sees the paragraph which
was going the rounds of the papers, and which ho
already be. n copied in this article as the proem
to this poem, and considers it a happy idea—or ”
you will, a happy conceit. He then couples with
this idea Dr. Kane s earnest search after Sir Join,
and, as a poetical licence, entirely admissablc and
not at all strained, makes him so entirely absorb 1
in his endeavors to find the lost sailor, that he n t
only enquires of those human beings, whom 1„>
sees in the northern regions, concerning the object
of his search, but also of the beasts, birds. fi,| u ,.
and even inanimate objects. Finally, in accord
ance with the idea in the proem,he makes him visit
the realms of Death, ig which, guided bv the Kii. r
of Terrors himself, he finds Sir John. This i s tli
sum and substance of the poem.
“Only this, and nothing more.”
Now is there any tiling inadmissible in all this’
Would the “literary editor” presume to he ac
quainted with the Acntid aud Inferno—(a rioUni
presumption in a certain sense, unless all inf noil
things are acquainted with eacli oilier)—would
the “literary editor” find fault with Vir -fi all j
Dautc for making their heroes descend mm
Hades?
Weave left to infer that the “critic” of the
Delta—a suggestive name as it brings up visions
of Egyptian darkness—considers that there are
several errors, improprieties, or inadmissibilities
in Mr. Turner’s poetn, under consideration.
First lie seems to think that speaking of the
meu who “use a barbarous tongue,” at the piaeo
where the “seal swims,” does not sufficiently de
signate the race of human beings referred to, and
is uot sufficiently definite as to the locality
spok.-u of. So would u it have ^bought the poe",
aster Burns, w ho, in referring to the native coun
try of oil.) of his “ Turn Dugs,” considered that he
sufficiently designated Uie birth-place of oue of
his canine heroes by saying that he—
-“wlndpit some place far abroad,
Where sailors gang to tirii for cod
And nobody who knows any thing, doubts that
Burns refers to Newfoundland, because that is tho
place—
“Where sailors gang to fish for cod.”
Here the po, t defines the locality referred to,
simply by the mention of the fish, to catch which,
sailors go to the island mentioned. And so Mr'.
Turner designates the polar regi cs, by reference
to two of the animals peculiar to those regions
the white bear and the seal. Any body but an
ignoramus, such as the “literary editor,” would
understand it, aud know that when ho speaks of
men who “use a barbarous tongue.” where the
"seal swims,” and the “w liite bear growls," lie
n ters to the Esquimaux, w ho inhabit the region
of the seal and white bear. Especially is this so,
when it is so universally known—it st ems even
tiie “literary editor” knew—what regions Dr.
Kane visited in search of 8ir John: as the well
known species of dog l.nown as the Newfound
land readily suggests what dog Burns means
w hen lie speaks ot the place ot his birth being tho
place—
“Where sailors gang toffish for cod ”
Were tiie “literary editor” to become Burns’
‘critic,” he would probably say, if he had moral
or mental “he,i” enough about linn to he consis
tent m any thing:—
“ We regret that the poet has not informed ns
concerning the habits ol that very peculiar race of
dogs which arc pupped where sailors gang to firti
for cod.”
One remark more and I pass from tiiis topic of
puppyism—speaking of dogs—to another portion
of my subject.
Ii it be urg-d against Mr. Turner's poem that
the country of the Esquimaux is not tiie only plaea
where the “seal swims,” and the ‘-white hear
growls,” I answer, neither is Newfoundland the
only place “where saiiois gang to fish for cod.”
But as circumstances, taken in connection with
tltis designation by tiie mention of a fish sufficient
ly indicates the r.-glou the 1'iuughman Bard
nn-ans, so. I suoniif, that circumstances, taken in
connection w ith Mr. Turner’s designation ol a lo
cality. by means of a seal, and a w hite hear, suffi
ciently indicates the region of which he speaks,
and consequently the inhabitants of that region,
when those inhabitants are referred to by means
of the locality indicated by the two animals em-
pioyi d iur the purpose. Besides this, throughout
the whole poem, Mr. Turner speaks of "the North,”
“icebergs,” “the home of the North Light,” “dog-
teams,” “Northmen,” “Esquimaux:” and uses
such other terms as leave no doubt of the locality,
and the race of men of w inch ho speaks. This
point is too clear to argue; though lest some stu
pid person might be led off by the stupidity of the
“literary editor,” 1 have argued it.
The "critic" objects to Dr. Kane's “borrowing
a taper from the North Light” to look for 8ir
John—infers that “it must be a custom among
hyperborean people to light their dwellings dur
ing the long winter nights, with tapers burrowed
from the North Light "—aud is “gratified to know
that the Aurora is thus exceedingly useful as well
as ornamental.”
The verse objected to by- the “critic” is as fol
lows :—
“lie went to the home of the North Light,
And he borrowed a taper to look,
For the brave Sir John near the North pole—
‘Twasa hazardous journey he took.”
Now the meaning of this is obvious—that is,
that Dr. Kane went so near the dark regions of
the North Foie, that, in the absence of any other
light but that of the Aurora Borealis, he availed
himself of that. His borrowing a taper from tho
North Light, to whose home he is represented to
have gone, is a figure of speech altogether admis
sible. Dr. K. is represented to have borrowed a
taper to look around the regions of the N orth polo
for Sir John, w ho was supposed to have been some
where in those vast unknown, and unexplored
fields of the Frozen Ocean—not to light a house,
simply, or any other such small locality, as sug
gested by the “critic.” There is quite a differ
ence between representing the North Light as illu
minating, by a taper loaned, a whole region, and
dividing that Light into numerous small tapers
for the purpos. of lighting up dwellings. In the
first instance, the use to which the taper is put,
dignifies tiie instrumentality, and tiie taper docs
not degrade the North Light,as the “critic " doubt
less supposes.
But even to divide the North Light, by a figure
of speech, into tapers small enough to light up
houses, instead of making each oue large enough
to illuminate a region, might not be violative of
the principles of good taste if the tapers w ere ju
diciously and poetically employed utter the divis
ion. 4 or ii the light of the sun may he divided _
into “pencils,' 1 “be-ms” and “rays,” and toruied
out by poets, or other rhetoricians, into small
enough parcels to light even smaller localities
than houses, why may not the North Light, by the
same licence, be divided into tapers—especially as
they bulb hold this characteristic in common—
that they are “exceedingly useful as well as orna
mental,” only at niglii?
But the “literary editor” would have us infer
that the expression which he objects to is wrong
because the Aurora Borealis is represented as bt“
ing •'exceedingly useful, as well as ornamental.
As intimated before, the “critic’ says what ho
does in this regard merely to shine by the appro
priated fight ol this exce< dingly original and wit
ty expression, thereby borrowing a taper bimsuii,
wiiicu he is not wilting for other people to do.
But in reality the Aurora Borealis is “exceed
ingly useful .is well as ornamental:” and why
should the “literary editor” object to its being
represent! d so?
In Horace, B. 3. 0 7., wenuJ the following
lines—
“sol ubi montium
Mutuict umbras et juga demert-t
Bobus fatigatis.” Ac.
Here the sen is represented by the Venusian
Bard—who is generally admitted to have known
something of Lie 'Poetic Art,” practically, as well
as theoretically,—as shifting tiie shadows ot the
mountains, and unyoking the tired oxen—-tu ,is
performing the functions perchauoe ot a talct *
chumbre, and of an ox-driver—and -o making ht®
self “exceedingly ust-lul as well as ornamental.
In another p,.-ice, Horace represents the sun a*
‘warming”—thus making itself "exceeding )
useful,” in ihe performance of the functions o* a
store.
In another place he speaks of it ns “llmnon-
atfiig”—thus making itself “exceedingly uselu
iu tiie performance of the functions ota taper - *
w hich idea, no doubt, tbe fastidious “literary ( 1
tor ' will swoon away and die—thus relieving •
fool-killer ofa very small portion of his labors-
in book 2d, satire 4th, Horace has this h m ;
“Lubrica uascentes implcnt conchylia !u‘ ;u . ,
in which he makes the moon “exceedingly uiiL
in tilling out s eli-fi.-ffi.
In lus Seculat Ode. lie has these lilies:
“Aline Sol, curru nitido diem qui
Promis et celas;” _ ,
and so represents the sun in the “exceeding0
ful” capacity of drayman. ( l -•
Now if the sun, can besides being “oruai: >
make himself so “exceedingly useful os- to »
shadows, unyoke oxen, warm things, lllunu
places—if the moon can mature oysters— an
oecially if the sun may go about hauling • (
in his cart, w liv, in the name of all that is go* v '..
holy, way not the North Light loan a ‘ai’ 1 -'*..
insist upon its being more exclusive than J
moon, or even the grand luminary of au
In the next place the -‘literary editor * n
the fact that Dr. Kane, In the poem call
various animate and inanimate thing.-*. u
formation concerning Sir John. s ; u ce
To this there can bo uo possible objection,