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•DEVOTED TO NEWS, POLlffeS; LITERATURE, GENERAL INTELLIGENCE, AGRICULTURE. &.C., &C.
J. A. WELCH.
Till!: GEORGIA BANNER
18 PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY MORNING
BY J. A. WELCH.
TCI! M S :
For one year, if paid in advance, $2 00
•• * * if not paid in advance, 250
r For six months, if paid in advance, 100
* ** *• if not paid in advance, 150
No paper will be discontinued until all arrearages
ire paid, unless at the option of the publishers.
NEW (iOOBS!
/GREAT BARG \ INS!
JjpiHE Subscribers having entered into a Partner-
JL ship for Mercantile transactions lor a term of
years, under the name and style of ,
DEtm GLASTt;, <. GO.
Take this method of informing the citizens of Cow*
eta and adjoining counties, that they are just reoeiv*
1 ing and opening a large end splendid stock of Fun.
cy and Staple
DRYGOODS,
at the old Stand of Hilly & Alexander, on the
North east corner of the Public Square, in Newnan,
Our goods aro paid for, and wero selected by Mr. J.
E. DENT, who is an old and experienced Merchant.
We offer them at extremely low prices to cash pay
ing customers, or to good and punctual dealer, on
the usual time. We shall be pleased to have the
patronage ol all 1 but more especially the LADIES,
to whom we will be able to exhibit
DRESS AND FANCY GOODS,
amply diversified to suit tho'taste ot the most fas*
lidious. Call and examine our new Stock for
yourselves.
Our plan of busencss will bo to close the accounts
at the end of each year, made during tho same.—
‘Short settlements make long friends.
JOS. E DENT ,
//. S. GLASS ,
JNO. T DENT .
Newnan, f*a., March 14, 1856—'1l ly
TIVER COMPLAINT ”
orsP^ S) \
CHRONIC OR NERVOUS DEBIUTY
CHRONIC PIARRHOWV
©IISEASEor the'KIIDMEYS
VTO VNN. WVWJ’fi.Vi NWAWt XV.'m
—;• UV E R nsST CM AC Mf=‘
Buck as Constipation—lnward Piles—Acidi
ty of the Stomacii—Nausea —Heartburn-
Disgust for Food—Fulness or Weight lit
the Stomach —Sour Eructations —Sinking
or Fluttering at the Pit of the Stomach-
Swimming of the Head—Hurried and Dis-
FlCCltßreathing—Fluttering at the heart
—Choking or Suffocating Sensations when
in a lying posture--Dimness of Vision—
Dots or Webs before the Sight—Fever
and Dull Pain in the Head— Deficiency of
Perspiration—Yellowness of the Skin and
Eyes—Pain in the Side, Back, Chest, Limbs,
Ac.—Sudden Flushes of Heat—Burning nr
the Flksii—Constant Imaginings of Em#—#
and Great Depression of Spirits—
CA : BE iTFEOICAIXI CU..AU m
f. Prepared, by
Wb .Ylfc ‘sAY.YNN YW\YW.
Th.lr now.-r over the atoviMlisoases is not excelled, If
other preparation In the United States
SSKfit, in many case, after ekilful pt yelelana
* U They are extirelt Vegf.tuu.e. and free from Alco
holic Stimulant, and are worthy the attention of ii
lids. Possessing great virtues in the rectification of due
eases of the Liver and lesser glands, exercising the most
marching powers in Weakness and affections of the di
gestive organs, they are, withal, safe, certain, :ind pleafr
ant
For Sale by PR. J* U. L. FEEMSTER,
*dec. 14-28-1 y. Newnan, Ga.
NEWNAN STEAM VVOIiKS.
f BIIIK undersigned having purchased the interest
JL of Mr. Barries in the above works, would in.
form lfc public that bn is prepared to fill all orders
for Sash, Blinds and Doors, at short notice, and has
constantly on hand the ordinary size of Sash, and a
good assortment of Furniture. He has reduced the
prices of Sash as follows :
Sash, els. Priniqd and Glazed per Light, cts.
Bby 10 H J?
10 by 12 ® 25
12 by 14 10
Other sizes in proportion.
Blinds, 55 cents per foot by the pair, wo also
paint and hang ihom when desired on reasonable
terms. ___
PANNED DOORS.
2 Funnels one side mouldod, $3 00
o t “ 3 50
. u tt tt “ ASO
g ** ct tt 400
He also makes Door and Window Frames, Col
-umns, Banistering, and ull other work in his line.
Terms, cash on delivery in all casos. JVo charge
for drayage when the work is shipped or. tho Rail
Road “• D ’ COLE ’
Dec. 28, 1855-no3o-ly
COWETA AA B CARROLL
LANDS FOR SALE.
! f XIIL Subscriber oilers for sale bis Plantation in
JL the fourth District of OotVota county, on the
V’hattahoocheo river (including llio lorry known as
\villioinsOn’s Ferry,) containing two hundred acres,
‘one hundred acres well improved.
ALSO my Plantation in tho county of Carroll,
Vituated ott Hooping creek, eighteen miles Irom
Newnan, and five miles south of Carrollton, con
taining three hundred and seventy five acres, one
hundred acres of fresh land in a high state of culti
vation. Persons wishing to purchase will do well
to examine these lands. Terms to suit purchasers.
A. T. BIIKKE, Carrollton, Oa.
Sept. 7th, 1855 no!4 ts.
Administrator’*! Notice. !
4LL persons concerned, arc hereby notifiod that
two months offer date I shall apply to tho
Court of Ordinary of Hoard county, lor leaVoto soil
the slaves, house and lot, and lands, belonging to
tho estate of Solomon T. Strickland, late of said
county, deceased, for tho benefit ol the crcd.tors of
said decoased. , ,
JAMES H. STRICKLAND, Adm r.
Fob 22, ’56-38-2m
J ethro cotton seed for sale by r. J.
COI.IFR, Newnan, (J. lob 22. 38-tl
VItUAIN OIL, by the barrel or gallon, for sale at
JL J'EEMSTER'S Drug Store, Nowi.an.Oa. j
Fob l-35-ll 1
THE GEORGIA BANNER.
MISCELLANEOUS.
From the N. Y. Times.
The Dry Goods Trade.
How it is Curried on—lmporters, Job
bers—The Credit System, Ac.
“There is cheating lit nil trades hut
ours,” mid hence none will he surprised to
j hear that lliere are rogues even in the Dry
j Goods Trade. Snll honest men are about
■ ns frequent in the class that lives by buy
| mg and selling Dry Goods as in any other
’ that goes to make our brave town a me
’ tropolts. Hut honest or shnrp, the class
| is a most stirring one, and its business im
j tnense. We will give some brief account
j of it, lor the benefit of hosts who cross its
; thoroughfares, and pass its warehouses
I daily, yet know little of its minutiae. Any
j flourishing department of trade grows so
. lasi, that unless we ofien take not. of it,
: like up town and Brooklyn suburbs, we
I come to be strangers concerning it, while
j we faticy we know it all.
Importers.
Foreign goods are bought by the impor
ters in this wise: A confidential clerk or
member of the firm is despatched to Paris,
Lyons, or Manchester, as the case may be,
once or twice a year, to purchase fashion
able and seasonable goods of the manufac
Hirer j or one. of these parties reside abroad
permanently, whose exclusive duly it is to
buy and forword goods at discretion, or as }
ordered from home. Frequently a foreign
agent is employed to transact the same j
business, in lieu of one specially sent out j
lor (fie same purpose. The l utpoiter here j
in New York sells Ins goods to the jobber |
by ihe box, piece or case, or to the retailer,
when he wishes to purchase by the quail
lily. Jobbers often complain that the im
porter sells directly to the retailer, in viola
tion probably, of some imaginary right of
theirs to victimize the retailer exclusively.
The country merchant, finding it necessa
ry to keep on hand an almost endless ns- j
snrtment of articles, is for the most pari j
unable to purchase by the box or whole
niece, and therefore patronizes the jobber.
A few of our large firms such as A. T.
S'ewart A Cos., Heck A Cos., and Lord &
Taylor, are engaged not only in retailing
hut also importing and jobbing ; in fact
the former house does a more extensive
importing and job'-tug business than any
other in the city.
Amount of Imports.
The importation of dry goods is rogulat
ed in general, by the laws ol supply and j
demand ; but taken year by year, it is far j
Irom being uniform as to amount. For |
the first ten months of 1552 the estimated
value of imported dry goods at this port
was $53,000,000; for the corresponding
period of 1853. SB2 000 000; for the same
of 1851 $76 000,000, and for the same of
1855, $57,000,000. The falling otr du
ntio the past year was doubtless conse
quent on the excess of importations for
previous years.
Why we import certain fabrics instead
of Manufacturing them.
A cause which greatly retards the op.
proach ol the monufaciuring milleninm, is j
the prestige enjoyed by imported fabrics,
of possessing unequalled finish and quail
ly. A lady would think it a cheat if a Kid
glove bad been sold her which didn’t come
from Paris or thererboius. Hosiery, lor
example, of ihe very best quality, is man-,
u fact a red in ibis city, which can scarcely ,
be sold at remunerative figures, because it
isn’t British. Broadcloths, more particu
larly ol the coarser grades, are now pro- ,
duced here to a considerable extent, but
every tailor knows what virtue resides in ,
Ihe name of French doeskins and cassi j
meres. Hall of our milliners, boot-flunk
ers and even barbers are on their signs
de Paris. Stroll up Broadway and you
will s e that innumerable shop keepers re
present themselves as a branch ot some
house in the rue de Rivolior Boulevard
des Italiens, half of whom, perhaps, never j
saw the France capital. In a word, the j
preference, in many cases unreasonably j
; and even absurdly, uwarded by our peo
pie to foreign fabric, is one of the most j
formidable obstacles in the way of ihe de j
vclopmeul of manufacturing itl tins coun
try-
Topography of the Dry Goods Irade.
Twenty years ago, when this branch of
business was more humble in its preten
sions, Pearl and Beaver streeis furnished
all ihe requisite facilities for importers and
jobbers. Since that time the latter have
been gradually leaving their old quarters,
and having traversed Smith, William,
Pine arid Cedar streets, have at Inst in
trenched themselves on the west of Broad
way. The comparatively small and din
gy warehouses of a quarter of a century
| since are regarded as incompatible with
I ihe present exleni and dignity of the trade.
Nothing less than marble and brown stone
ran realize Ihe exnlied notions of to day ;
and the spacious and elegant structures
erected within a few years past between
Liberty and Chambers street, are at once
an index to the magnitude of our commer
cial progress of ilie age. Most of Ihe mi*
porting houses are now located in Broad
and Benver streets, Exchange place, and
ihe lower part of Broadway. Tha retail
trade is centered all about the city, hut a
I large portion of it is concentrated in Broad
NEW A AX, GA., FRIDAY, APRIL IS, I So.
way, Canal Grand and Bleeker streets,
and the Flight avenue.
Terms on which jobbers Buy and Sell.
Importers usually give a credit of yight i
months to jobbers and others, except in ca- I
ses of goods coining from China and conn 1
tries equally remote, when six is ihe limit.;
Settlement is invariably made by note as |
soon as convenient, after sale; arid, while
the greater portion of such paper is retain-1
ed by Ihe importer until due, or discount ;
ed in bank, much of it gels into (he street
and is peddled about by note brokers.— j
New York being the great commercial j
emporium of the country, buyers flock hi j
liter from Maine to lowa, from lowa to j
Texas. For a portion of ihe goods bought ;
cash is paid : but in general, country tner- \
chants purchase on time, ranging from
sixty clays to twelve months, and some ,
times two years. The machinery of busi* |
ness seems to move slower at ihe South
than elsewhere, for the merchants Itn-re j
are proverbially “ long winded ” and the j
majority of them great on “extensions.” j
If inquiry should he made of houses doing ,
considerable Southern trade, it will tie !
found (hat many of their customers have!
a remarkable weakness for paying up a- j
bout once in twelve or fifteen months ; but !
the tariff of price usually pul on such fel* j
lows H is painful to think of.
: Dry goods ought to be sold for cash only
The nominal time on which jobbers sell
: is usually six months Although a sys
| tern of credit is indispensable in commer*
j cial transactions generally, there are doubt
less some cases where it would be well to
! dispense with it, and the dry goods trade
seems to tie one of these. The vast lo*s*
es—ranging from two to five, and even ten
per cent, on sales —sustained by the job
ber, through the failure of country deal
eis, calls for a saf-r mode of doing busi
ness than the credit system. There op j
pears to be no good reason why trnnsac j
tions between the jobber and the retailer
should not be made on a rash basis— j
which, in business parlance, is equivalent
to a period of thirty days. If a want of
sufficient capital be urged as an objection, {
it might lie said in reply, that if the but.i ,
ness was in fewer, and, in many cases, j
more reliable bands, and conducied on
cash terms, it would soon attract to it all j
the capital required; for then it would
unquestionably prove a good financial in-j
vestment. As it is, this view is gradually *
coming into favor, and ihe proportion of
jobbers now doing a cash or short time
business, is larger than at any previous
period. j
How Country Merchants gel credit. \
When a buyer lias a reputation of being J
“ shaky ” and is “ m ” lo the jobber a little j
further than is pleasant under the circum
stances, the latter—Skinner. Sharpe & Cos. |
—undertakes gently lo “ choke him off.” j
He is informed that the firm has already j
given ns large a “line” as is consistent
with their invarabie practice; and that j
with his credit lie. can unquestionably buy !
all the goads lie wants over die way or in
tile next street. Tile retailer Mr. Eely
takes the hint at once, | roceeds to Sharpe,
Fox A Go., “ lays under ” a le,v hundred
or thousand dollars worth of “traps,” and !
refers to ihe house aforesaid. Mr. Sharpe
sees Mr. Skinner; “Do yon know Mr.
Eely, who does business at Buffalo Greek,
Goon co.?” “Oh yes, we sell him all he
wants, and he has always paid up.” “ All
right,” says Sharpe, “that’s sufficient— 1
| thank voti.” Perhaps Mr. Eely settles
with Skinner A Co s, in full, or at least
reduces the account somewhat before he
busts up, and Messrs. Sharpe A Go. have 1
to chase after another “ lame duck.”
Suppose AI bras & Haskell go into bnsi
ness somewhere in the United States, mid
their acquaintance and credit here is lim*
ited They happen to know Doubledeal
er A Go., and, having made out a pretty
handsome bill with them, slep around lo
j other houses, select whatever their “ mem
orandum ” culls for, and refer nil these;
| gentlemen to the above mentioned. Mes
j -rs. D. A Go.—soliloquizing, and laying
their finger# by the side of (lie nasal ok
j gau ineiilallv remark that, though tins
j new country firm probably isn’t woWli a
tinker’s commission, it will be safe lo sell j
to them for a year or so, and then—“ stand
from under.” Presently these various in
terested parties individually make their j
appearance, and desire inlormaiiion touch
ing die solvency ol AlbrnsA Haskell. Mr.
Dmibledealer —assuming a dignifi- and and
easy attitude, wdli thumbs in Ins waist
coat arm-boles —says, “Gentlemen, all 1
know is—new firm-somecapital—enter
prising young men have considerable
credit—we sell them wliat they want.”
From all tins the reader may perhaps
infer that it is not a herculean task to get
credit in New York—at least among dry
goods jobbers; and be will not be a mile
out of die way if be does. The fact is,
lliere 1s so much competition in (lie trade,
and such an excessive anxiety toswell die
amount of sales that great risks are token
with astonishing recklessness.
Domestic and Sillc Douses.
There are two kinds o! houses m the
jobbing trade, dealuis respectively in do
mestic end silk goods. Sometimes tho
two are combined to a limited extent, but
such casts arc not frequent. Tho slock
of a domestic house consists of all descrip
j lions of cotton, woolen and I in* n fabrics,
| while the various goods which ure com
! posed wholly or in part of silk, together
; with kid gloves, and perhaps hosiery, are
i tile staple of a silk bouse. The amount
’ manual labor expended in the domestic
; business is necessarily far grealer than in
I the, on account of the difference in
the bulk and weight of goods. A domes-*
j lie bouse can generally be distinguished
; by die large number of “cases” lying a"*]
! bout on the sidewalk in the business sea
j son contrary to law.
The Rent paid by Jobbers.
An impression lias been current among *
j opto( town buyers, that jobbers ore com*
I pelted y Laige extra prices for ;lie:r goods
ion acccant of being under enormous rents
i It is no more than just to them to say, that
| such n idea lias hide foundation in fad.
i ‘Pbe pecuniary attitude of rent there is
frightful ; but sellers look to a proporlion,
aie mcreaae of custom, lo enable them to
meet such extra expenditure, rather than
to exborbitant prices. The sums for which
the new warehouses ol Broadway are let
seem likewise almost apochryphal, and I
the same suspicion might lie with nearly
<qual probability against t.hfr occupants.
The rent paid by johbeis —occupying as
they do. with very few exceptions, the
ground floor nr the whole building rari>
j ges from about $3,000 to $lO 000 per an
num— a figure which twenty years ago
| would have been thought totally ruinous.
The Business Season,
Buyers from die far West. South and
South west, “ begin lo make llieir appear*
ance in die market” about the middle of
January. ‘The distance to which goods
are to be sent, has considerable influence
in determining the period of buying. Mr r.
chants from tins and adjoining Slates sel
! dom arrive in numbers mill! ihe last of
j March; and the two succeeding months
are the busiest of die Spring season. For
a few we ks of June and July, the slack
water of die jobi ing trade occurs, and bus
mes'* begins m revive again for ihe Fall
; campaign before die end of the dog days,
vowing lo the increased fitcilines for ir.iv
i el mg, dealers located within a few Inin
• dred miles ol New York now come on to
purihase good* three to five times a year,
while formerly the average number of iheir
annual visttsdid not exceed in o. ft would
at least be a point of some curiosity to
: know how many merchanis visits this city
ia tlif fjniio** c! twelve n'o.uihs ’f we
estimate ihe number of those who deal in
dry goods, wholly or in pint, at one id
j every 500 of the population of the conn
> try which is probably not far from the j
, average - the result will show something
; like 50.000 customers for the dry goods
I jobbers alone.
Mercantile Agencies.
\ Tlieie are at present three or four of
these establishments in die city, whose
province it is to furnish data respecling j
j the capital, standing, credit, Ac., of all
merchants and principal business men i
throughout die country. It is not p. si*
! lively known to the public in wliat vvny
such information is procured, but the ini
prssion is that lawyers are usually the me
| din ins. The agencies are designed for the
j especial use of wholesale dealers in every
department of business in New York : and
access c; t, he l ad >o Ihe arebi v.s by any
| firm, for something like fifty dollars per
i annum. These institutions are regarded
l by country merchants with something like
! the affection bestowed by slave holders on
conductors ot the underground railroad.
! Bui whatever opinion may be held in re
| gard to their utility, die very lact of their
existence serves til least lo illustrate the ,
| imperfection of the credit system.
Step into one of these offices, nnd \ou
see before you a row of heavy folio vol
j umes lying at regu'ar intervals upon a
long desk, something in the manner ol the
j newspapers in a hotel reading room. A
i young mail enters and hands tonne of the
\ clerks a slip of paper oi) win* h is written
| the name ol a firm and place of business.
I The latter receives die paper glances over
it, and pmceeds to open one ol die books.
In a few moments be takes Ins pen, jots j
down something arid passes it to the young
| inch aforesaid, who, perhaps, finds written
; the folio wing t “ Feler Mullen, ,
. Cos., Illinois. Has done business lit Ihe
! same store for the last thirty five years—
| made some money—owns a lot in Glnca
go heavily mortgaged —is ttie eldest of
! two children —has lately married his sec
’ ond wife —is professionally a Methodist,
nnd enjoys a general reputation tor hon
esty.” Sometimes ihe proprietors of Mer
; cnutile Agencies are prosecuted lor alleged
i libel. A year or two ago a firm in Ohio
obiained judgement m one of our Gourts
1 against Tappan A Douglas for $10,000;
ihe case has been repealed and is not de
tided. A suit was lately brought against
I the same Agency—now B. Douglas A
ICo ,—by tt gentleman Imviug an office in
! Wall street, and heavy damages laid. It
*is understood that Messrs. Tappan A
Douglas have collected evidence bearing
on die ease, and are confident of being a
ble to verify their statements.
Shinning.
[concluded on second pace.]
ie Interior Bank at Griffin is not
winding up its business, as reported.
Slavery in the Territories.
SPEECH OF HON. HIRAM WARNER, OF .
GEORGIA,
In the House of Representatives , April 1. j
The House being in the Committee of
ihe Whole, and having m consideration
; file President’s annual Message,
Mr. WARNER said:
Air. Chairman: The gendeman from;
Indiana, [Mr. Brt nlou] who last addtess- !
j ed the committee upon thesulject of the
i Resident's Message, thought proper lo ar j
; raigr. that officer before tire country, for l
| calling the people of ihe non slaveholding
* Slates to their constitutional ohligat.ons
in tcgaid lo the institution of slavery as it
exists in the GuMecl Slates. Before final
judgement shall be rendered upon that ar
rangement, II may be proper to inquire. ;
whether there exist* and any necessity, any
; occasion, (or the discharge of that high j
and responsible duty, on the part of Ihe
chief magistrate ol (he Niriion ? Has there
been formed in any portion of this Confed
eracy, a sectional political organization, for
Hie purpose ol depriving the people of ttie
slaveholding Slates of rights solemnly
guaranteed to them by ihe Constitution ?
Fussing by, for the present, (lie rep-ated
attacks that have t een made in some of
the free Slates to nuilify the fugitive s ave
law, whal, sir, Lave we witnessed in this
Hall in regard to such actional prdnical
organization l When we first assembled
here for the purpose o! effecting an organ
iz iiion of ibis House, tfie senior member
from Ohio [Mr. Giddmgs] declared the
line of policy that should gotern him and
his political irieods in that organization ;
that line of policy was declared to be, to
invoke the power of ibis government for
ihe purpose of excluding s'avery from ihe
common territory of the Union. Thedis
iingnished gentleman was put in nomina
tion lor the Speaker’s chair, to carry into
practical effect that declared line of policy;
’ and during ihe nine weeks struggle that
; ensued here, that distinguished gentleman
—for the purpose of uniting the support
I of bis political friends—declared that he
j was in favor of protecting the property ts
‘southern nitn as well as uoitlierri men in j
the common territrry of the Union ; that
is (0 say all sucii properly ns is recogniz.
! ed as property by the universal law of no.
tions, i ni that i roperty in slaves was not
s recognized by that universal law ; there.
* lore was not entit'ed to be protected in
‘hat common territory; ’but s!ae>y it
| isted in the territories by force of positive
! law ; and that whenever ihe owner of ihul
: pioperty took it beyond the territorial lim
; its of such a State it ceased to be entitled
protection ns pioperty. With these de
ci; red opinions, the result of that protract
jed cent st is well known to this House
and the country.
Those who invoke the power of tills
* Government to exclude slavery from the
! common territory, give a reason therefor,
lli.it they are m favor of liberty. I 100,
sir, am in lavor of liberty, and am in favor
of ihe extension of liberty ; but it is not
hat wild, unbridled, licentious, higher
law liberty, that whetted the guillotine
and delug'd the streeis of revolutionary
France with blood, but it is that liberty
which brings healing on its wings ; : it is
American liberty ; it ts constitutional lib
eMy ; ‘vine;! protects ihe citizen it) the en
joyrnent ofall his civil and religious rights,
and his rights of property; that liberty,
sir, which the fathers ol the republic in
tended to secure and perpetuate, not only
! for themselves I tit iheir posterity, when
they sealed the bond of union between
the States and this confederacy. It is the
| fundamental principles of that American
literty, of that constitutional liberty,
which 1 propose to discuss today; and 1
s’ all endeavor to maintain and demon
strate that in a"Cordance with ihose fun
damental principles my coustiii'puts have
both llie legal and equitable right to take
iheir slave pioperty into the common teK
ritory of this Union, nnd to have it pro
tected there; and that this government
has no power under the constitution to
1 deprive them of that right.
It will be recollected that ihe Federal
Constitution was not established to create j
new righD, bill to secure and protect exist
ing rights. Hence it is material lo inquire ,
what were the rights of the slaveholding
States in regard to their slave property, he
fore and at the time of the adoption of that
constitution ! i shall maintain and under
take to establish, that the title of my cou
stitoeuts to their slave properly is not based
upon any positive law of the Slate, but that
it rests for its foundation upon that univer
sal law of nations, which recognizes slaves
as property, before and at the nine of the
adoption oi ihe Gntisimition. That before
and at the lime of the adoption of the Cou
st it ii I ion. tile citizens of Georgia, the same
being a sovereign, independent Slate—
bad mi undoubted right, according to tiie
well-established principles on internation
al law, to take their slave property into
anv foreign territory ; provided there was
tin law in that territory prohibiting us in
(reduction there, and to have it protected
j in such foreign territoiy—that Hie law of
ii .lions was adopted in ‘.be original thir
; teen Slates, constituting a part of the land
before nnd at the time of the adoption of
the Federal Constitution.
1 It has ben asserted here nnd elsewhere
VOL. XYI-A0.46
that Slavery exis:s in the Slates l.y the
force of a positive law ; and that, whenev.
er the owner takes his slave properly be.
yond the territorial limits of such Stale,
hts title to that property ceases t-o he valid
and operative for the protection of tlia! pro.
I perty. I controvert thi? assumed propo.
i Mtioti. There is no statute in the Slate of
, Georgia, either colonial or since the nciop.
lion of her Slate Constitution, which de-,
dares that slaves shall be property with,
in the territorial limns of that Stale ; and
1 so far as I know, there is not such a stat
ute in a single slnveho’ding Stale mi this
: Union, aonstitutmg the original basis and
foiln , vimu • 1 Mile to slave property. We
Wfi) rTartrs many statutes which ’regakite
I the institution of slavery—statutes which
confer privileges upon the slave—statutes
i which regulate Ihe conduct of master to
wards fits slave, and which recognize
slaves as property—but no statutes declar
ing that slaves shall he properly withtp
the territorial limits of the Slate. A.id
when we come to look into the history of
thing, it would be remarkable if any such
statute had ever existed. Have you any
statutes in the r-.on staveho ding States
which declare that your ships, your mer
chandise, your looms, and your rj indies,
shall he property within tfie territorial lim
its of your respective States? 1 appre-
hend not; t o more i ave we in the slave
holding Slates any statutes declaring that
slaves shall f e properly in the terniorial
limits thereof. The tiu’.h is that title to
slate properly rests i pon the s .me foun
dation as title to any other species of pro
perty, to wit: the universal lav/ oftuitions.
Those who assert thut slavery exists iit
tire Stans I y force oi positive laws can, if
that assertion be true, very easily settle the
question by tire production of the declared
will of tire supreme power of such State I *,
embodied in the form of a legislaiive en
actment ; produce tire evidence in n legit
imate and authentic form, to sustain the
iruih of the assertion. Those who acser:
the affirmative of that proposition, are
bound to furnish the evidence oi that pos
itive law enacted by the States or \ i- id the
point. They content themselves with re
lying on the io se dec'arations of judges
in the slaveholding States; the mete obi
ter didtivi of judges in which we
are discussing uas not presented by ths
record for their consideration and judg
, men!) as the evidence of positive law eu
’ acted by tin- supreme power in the Slates’,
declaring that slaves shall be j roprrty
wtth'n the territorial limits of the re-spec
l ve States.
The question very naturally presents
itself, if those who assert that slavery ex
. tsts iti Ike States l y force of positive law,
and that win n the owner ol slave properly
takes it beyond the territorial limits of his
State, Ins title to mat property censes and
1 determines, why is it, that they desire to
invoke the power of the Federal Govern
ment to exclude slave prop, rty from the
Territories ? Such nit act would be en
tirely unnecessary, if the title of the owner
censes and dtteru ines when he passes with
his slaves beyond the limits of the Stales,
where it is asseited his title exists by lorce
of posmve law. The fact that yon desire
to invoke the power of this Government
to enact a law to exclude slave property
from the common territory, furnishing
strong evidence that yon have not entire
confidence m the position assumed and as
serted, that slavery exists in th- States by
force of positive law, and that tile owner
loses ills title to his slave property f y tak
ing it beyond the limits of such Stales.
I leg Fave to call the attention of the
House to thalristory of the title cf my con
stituents to their slave preperty. YYtint 1
shall say m regard to that title in Georgia,
, will te equally applicable to the other
slnveholiimg States, so far as tire Inunda
tion of that title is concerned. ‘I he colo
ny of Georgia was originally settled as a
frere co ! ony ; that is to say, A.fncan slav
ery was prohibited from being introduced
there by tire charter granted by the trus
tees ; it remained a trie colony about nf
teen years after its first settlement, the soil
and climate was adapted lo slave labor;
| the colonists desired to have it, bet the
home government refused to repeal the
! prohibition, the result was, that the colony
was about to come t*o nothing ; the prohi
bition was taken off, and Afitcan slavt#
wete nlowed to be brought into the colo*
| ny ; some few were brought in from other
slaveholding colonies, but the most of them
were brought in by those who were on.
gaged in the African slave trade ; and echo
they were, tlie past history of the country
! furnishes abundant evidence. African
i slaves were brought into the colony ns
property ; tin y wi re made ptoperty before
they were brought there ; they were sold
to out people ns property, paid for by them
as property, held by them as property, pre
cisely upon the sau e footing as they held
every other species of property.
Were those from whom my cbnslitti-*
! enis originally purchased lln-fr slave pro.
| petty engaged in a lawful trade, in a trade
reengniz and as lawful I y the universal law
of nations ? Thu question came before
the courts of Great Britain in the y< ar
1817. A French vessel called Le Louis,
was engaged in the African slave tinde;
and was captured by a B-itish cruiser
France at that tun- ml having entered
