Rome courier. (Rome, Ga.) 1849-18??, January 30, 1855, Image 1

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Newspaper Page TextPUBLISHED WEEKLY BY COBURN & DWINELL EDITORS. TERMS -S2 00 PER ANMUH*' PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. VOLUME 10. «■■■■■.. p—« "■ ■■■ CIjc Home Courier ROME, GA., TUESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 30, 1855. NUMBER 14. rrxusnxD xtert tcksdat xoranro. X. K. cobvrx.} [*. DWTOU. BY COBURN <fc DWINELL. Terns of Subscription: In apt ancs, na mos,..... Faro within six xoxras, Paid at the end or nil, ... ISM $3 50 Is 00 of Advertising; Advertisements nil! bo inserted IQateBiNtM Advertise- *t $l?cr square or IS tines or lws, for foe td 50 cents for wbswpwt insertion. No. S. rr X8 A FACT ESTABLISHED nnd well known that the Arabians Attained a height in tiie knowledge of medicine which caused the whole world to wonder and admire. With them the science of chemistry bad its birth, and it It, therefore, not at all strange that a people an eminen dr sneecssfol In the beefing art, and so actual ajod^mtiring experiment, discover ren^ •fits for furpasying in efficacy ell others, for thaenaeT these dl—■—> inotfssd to them from their mode of Hfo. The greeter pert of their ttewhettg^ent in heserdoes and bloody war fare with the different tribe*, they were subject to tike most violent attacks of rheumatism, par alysis, neuralgic pains, end various inflamma tory diseases, as also the most horrid wounds, sprains, bruises, tumors, swellings, diseases of the joints, etc. etc. An these diseases they were so surprisingly efficient in earing, that the waWtiBied leaked with wonder and attri buted their skill to the powers of n.pe. E 6. FA REEL’S ARABIAN LINIMENT is a com- weritiee of bottoms and oils, from rare plants peculiar m this country, and it was by the use of the articles compo&sg the great remedy that not only their physicians, hot even the wild Arabs, of the desert were enabled to perform such miraculous cores. The irai steed u worfrf-f-dts—srf/w lit leantifml eymmetry of form, his unsurpassed speed and agility, and the in rHiblofotignehafoenpableof enduring. Whyle.it? Bicaasi flap tho time of his birth UiBnks anwnhhnhhbe^ end upon the first appearance et disease the magic lotion is applied, and such things as ooafirmed sweeny, poll-evil, fistula, ringbone, scratches, spavin, lameness, etc-etc., are unknown. The same result will follow In nil cases where H. G, Far rell's Genuine Arabian Liniment is naed in time. Therefore delay not in procuring a g-md SDPL of fog every dollar spent in it will nave yon twentv, and a great deal of suffering, if not jour life. took emtfor Omnterfeite! The public are cautioned against anothe counterfeit, which has lately made its appearr ance. called W. B. Farrell’s -Arabian Liniment, the most dangerous of nil the counterfeits, I cause bis baring the-name of Farrell, many will bay it in good faith, without the knowl edge that a counterfeit exists, and they will per baps only discover their error when Jhe spun oss mixture has wrought its evil effects. The renuine article fe mznafactured only by H. G. Farrell, sole Inventor and proprietor, and wholesale druggist, Xa.17 Slain street, Peoria, Illinois, to whom all applications for Agencies must be addressed. Be sure you get it with the letters H. G. before Farrell's, this—H. G. FARRELL S—and bis signature on the wrap- SsU^Kendririt A Pledger, Melville G. B. F. Mattox, ML Hickory GL Brown, - Coosa P. O. - Ihsnssi AMcryara, - Summerville Robert Battey, Wholesale Agent. Rome wndhy togalariy authorized agents throughout the United jW*Priee 35 and SO cents, and <1 per bottle. AGENTS WANTED in erery town, village aa* hamlet in the United State*, in which one leant hlmidy established. Address H. G. Far- roH as absve. accompanied with good reference na to character, responsibility, Ac. GEORGIA AND OHIO, BE» STEPHENS IV REPLY TG HR* CAHP- NEW FALL GOODS —FULL SUPPLIES. WILLIAM SHEAR, AUGUSTA. GA^ H AS received Bom Hew York, his Poll Sup plies of Fancy and Staple DRY GOODS, embracing a large and splendid assortment, sui table fertile Fail and Winter season, amo which are Rich fancy colored SILKS, in great variety of style and of superior quality; Rich Paris printed DELAINES, and Fancy all Wool PLAIDS; ' Lupin's cord, white and black MERINOS, and plain roi’d DELAINES; A Tery large supply of small figured all wool printed DEL AINES, for Children, of new and oeaauztu styles; ^ English and American Fancy PRINTS, in a great variety of styles; Fancy GIXGAAMS, of new 1 Winter styles; EMBROIDERIES, embracing \RS CHEMIZETT, UNDER- HAN DKE RCHIEIS, of new . CLOTH CLOAKS latest Paris Velvet CLOAKS; ' of Ladies’, Misses and Children’s H03IERY of the best make ; s es* and Gentiemen’s superior Gauntlet iggiggg Misses Merino and Silk VESTS; a and Youth's Silk and Merino SHIRTS, and DRAWERS; Saxony, Gauze, Silk Warp and tnaxer FLANNELS,; English, Colored FLANNELS, for Back*; American Canton FLANNELS, of extra quality; ' A very large supply of MOURNING GOODS, for Ladies' nse, of a superior quality; Superior 12-4 LINEN SHEETINGS and Pil- ’ * and 10 by 4 Table and Damask some of Extra quality; TABLE CLOTHS and NAPKINS extra sixe; fed Bird's Ejo DIAPERS, extra fine, for children's wear; vy Scotch DIAPERS and HUCKABACKS weling; Whitney and Merino BLANKETS, of lixe and quality. 080 BLANKETS, Also a great variety or other seasonable arti cles suitable for Family and Plantation use.— The public are respectfully invited to call and examine the assortment W. 8. especially solicits a call from his long continued friends and patrons,and assures them that no exertion on his part shall be wanting to scpply them with the latest and most desirable styeis of GOODS, st the lowest prices, nor. 14,1854. — DISSOLUTION T HE firm of Russell k Wadsworth was thl - - dajr di8 »°lved hy mutual consent, all per sons haring claims, and those indebted to said firm will please call on E. W. Russell, jr. for settlement***! E. W. RUKSELL, jr., W. S. WADSWORTH. Nor. 14, '54. 3 m Lr rax Housx or Einunmnni, January 15,1855. The Hocm being in the Committee of tho Whole on tho state of the Union on the Pacific railroad bill.— Mr STBPHNS, of Georgia,said: Mr. CxAiaxAH: I do not propose to disouse the Pacific railroad bllL Some weeks ago, sir, the gentleman from Indiana, [Mr. Mack] gave notice of his intention to introduce in this House a bill to prohibit slavery in Kansas and Nebraska, and accompanied that notice with a speech, to frhich I replied. To the remarks then submitted by me, the honorable gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Cavfxxi.1.] made a reply. That epeeeh of the gentleman from Ohio has been* according to the notice which he gave, consid erably amplified and elaborated, as It appears in the Globe. It Is to that amplified and elab orated speech that I intend to devote whatl have to say on this occasion. Mr. CAMPBELL. It' is very time. Mr. Chairman, at the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. Smramxs] remarks, that I did, pursuant to notioe, amplify and enlarge my remarks, as is usual, under similar circumstances. Still, it is certainly hut jost to me that the gentleman should couple with his notice of the feet, the Anther truth that I permitted him to elaborate, just ns mnch ns he desired, the various remarks made by him daring the boor allotted to me. I submitted to him all the notee of that speech, and gave him the opportunity of making in his remarks, all the alterations that he desired to make. And-even after the proof-sheets wore prepared, I agaim extended the same courtesy to the gentleman, or rather, I made the proposition to him, that he might amplify jost as mnch as he desired. I with this state ment to go with the suggestion of the gentle- mtn from Georgia. Mr. STEPHENS. If the gentleman has no other more pertinent interruption to make du ring my remarks, I trust he will permit mO to proceed without thus encroaching upon my time. It is Tue, Mr. Chairman, that I revised and corrected that portion of the remarks made by myself It is tra that the gentleman submit ted the proof-sheet of bis speech, as printed, to me, but I did no choose to reply in that way to any matter, except snch points as were drawn out in the debate between ns on this floor, in that speech. I chose to reply here, and in the way I now propose to do. This is what I was just going to state if I had not been interrup ted. As to the amplification of his speech, I do not object, j did not state the fact in the spirit of objection. It is not to that point I was speaking. Bat this was my object in stating the feet: Inasmuch as, in the speech published I do appear to have appeared and taken part in a discussion with the gentleman on some points; and, inasmuch as there are many matters, elab orated in the published speech, which are inser ted before my answers to the gentleman’s in terrogatories, it may, to some not aware of the reason, seem strange that I made no reply to the gentleman upon these points. It is for this reason I made the statement, and it is for the purpose of replying to the gentleman’s statistics, I now desire to occupy some of the time of the committee. I do not object to the gentleman’s amsUfieatfcm. Not at alL sir. But, sir, I have TROUT fHH.SE. THE undersigned begs to announce to the citizens of Atlanta and the (ravel- ig public, that he will open the Trout House on Monday next; for the accommodation of boarders and transient persons, with furniture entirely new, Rooms well ventilated, largo and airy Halls, and by constant attention to the wants of his guests, tho subscriber bopee to I , A tD ! nK ne a .°, ea t0 North make his Hou«e among the most desirable to be whe “ h?/^ 8 acquisition of Louisiana found in the State. AARON GAGE, "g***!”*** of Atlanta, Nov. 28, 1854-ly Proprietor. 1 Mr. CAMPBELL. It is feus that, at the time something to say in reply to these statistics, which were not exhibited by the gentleman on the'floor. I bare, sir. a great deal to say in reply to them; and I therefore avail myself of this opportunity—the earliest that I have had—to reply to them. I have more to say in reply to them, mnch more than I can speak in one hour, the limited time that I have. But, sir, before going into the statistics given in the forepart of the gentleman’s speech, in which he attempted to reply to some of the po sitions assumed by me in answer to the gentle man from Indiana, [Mr Macs,] I wish to state a few things in passing; and I will here say that so uur as my consistency is concerned, (the main object of the gentleman’s attack,) I have nothing n«<w to add to what I have here tofore said. My record may stand as it is made up. I have no desire to change or modify it in the least; not even to cross a t or dot an >. By it, a* it stands, lam willing to abide while living, and by it to abide when dead. It was not made for a day, or for an election, but for all time to corner Bnt to proeeed. The gentleman from Ohio, in the tenor of bis argument, makes me nse language which I did not otter on this floor—or, at least, he seems to put words into my mouth that I did not nse. Now, when an argument is not stated fairly, it “ * ora consciousness of the want of capacity or ability to answer it on the part of one who thus fiuls fairly to present it Either alternative does hot bespeak much for the formidable qual ities of an opponent I have, Mr. Chairman, too high a regard for the intelligence of the gen tleman, to think that he did not understand my argument I believe that his objeet was rather to size the argument to his capacity to reply to it, as he supposed. For instance, Mr. Chairman, the gentleman •ays, in his speech, “ we are told that the Sooth gets nothing, that the South asks nothing.” Mow, sir, in my reply to the gentleman from Indiana, [Mr. Mace,] I spoke of the great fact, well known, Urine, and “fixed fact,” that the Industrial pursuits of the South do not, in the main, look for the protection or fostering care of the Government, and that the general indus trial pursuits of the North do. I did not,say that the South gets nothing, or that the South asks nothing. I said that the South asks but few favors* and I repeat it, sir. Nor am I to be answered by being told that General Jackson and Mr. Clay—southern men—were in favor of fostering, as for a* they could by proper legislo- tten, tiie interests of the North. That does not disprove the feet wbieb I uttered, that the South does not generally look to the Government - for protection, and that the North does. Sir, it rather proves the opposite, and confirms my statement Because I stated that the industrial pursaite of the North look to the -Government for protection, is that statement disproved by the fact that southern men, or even myself, have voted to fevor those interests, as far as was consistent with public duty? So far from disproving, Ittends rather,to establfehit. What 1 stated on this point was in reply to the gen* tlemao from Indiana, [Mr. Mace,J whose tone of argument was, that the South carried mess* nres promotive of their interest by bluster. But, sir, to come down to the arguments* the gentleman states it! If be canaot or does not wish to meet me on the ground that the 8outb aeksbatfew favors,,aa I stated it, and that the North doas look more to the Government for its fostering care to protect its various interests than the South does, veiy well, I will most biro on his own ground. If he cannot answer my position, but must size my nr uraent so as to make it stand as be bits it, that “ the South asks notbing, and gets nothing,” I will come down even to bis ground, so far as bis answer is con cerned. ■ ■ ■ •' . . ’./• •: . • ' ’ Tbs gentleman says, In the first place, put ting the languago In my mouth, “ the South - asks nothing, gels nothing;” and he then res plies “certainly not,” and refers us to the ac quisition of Louisiana. And then, putting the words io my mouth,again he says: “The South asks nothing.” “•The South atk$ nothing!’ In 1808; we paid fifteen millions to get Louisian, hx , ? ' u ••• The South iukt noth !ng!' In 1819, we paid five millions to get Florida. “•The South a*k* nothimgP In 1845, her policy brought Texas into the Union, with a promise that she might carve herself up into fire States. • , • .. . . “' The South atkt nothingP Her Texas an nexation brought the war with Mexico, and more territory was demanded as* the fruits of that war.'” I think he does great injustice to the North I made • reply to the gentleman from Georgia, I caught the ideA whloh be presented, that the South asked nothing, from his manner of ex pression, and those were, the words whioh I used at the time as they were reported. Mr. STEPHENS. I oanuot yield to the gentleman unless he be very brief Mr. CAMPBELL. I call the attention of tho gentleman to what he did say. He did say as' reported, “all that wo ask of you is to keop your hand* out of our pooksto. That is all the South asks, and we do not oven get that.” Mr. 8TBPHENS. Yes, sir. The gentleman will find not only those words, but others in my •peeeh “ as reported,” ail going to establish the leading point in that part of the argument, that the 8outn asked but “few favors” compared with the wants of tho North. That was my position, and not that wo asked “nothing" or got “noth ing.” Some of these fe vocal spool fled; but, in the main, I asserted, or meant, in substance to as sert, as every one well understood, that tho greatest desire of the South was, that tho Gener al Government would keep its hands out of her pockets. And this is true; and the gentleman did not attempt to reply to it, Accept as I hare stated, hcome now, then, to the gentleman’s reply to the position that the Sooth “asks noth ing.” To this he says, “that wo paid $15,000- 000 for Louisiana.” To this I say, it was not tho South alone that secured the acquisition of Louisiana. Nor was it alone for the benefit of the Sooth. There were but twenty-three votes in this House against the acquisition. It was a national acquisition. Sustained by national men from all sections, there was hardly a show of op position to it from any quarter. I should sup pose that Ohio would be the last State in this Union to raim.her voiee against the measure, or bold that tt was exclusively for the benefit of the 8outh. What would have -become of her trade and commerce if Louisiana and the mouth of the Mississippi were still in the bands of Spain or France ? If the fifteen millions of mon ey, whioh we paid, be the grounds of the gen tleman’s objection, all that has been more than refunded by the sale of publie lands embraced within the limits of that acquisition. These sales, up to this time, have amounted to $25,- 938,783, 23, besides what is yet to be realised from the hundreds ef thousands of square miles C t to be sold. So the fifteen millions was no nos to the South, oven if tho South had car ried the measure tor their own benefit Again, was the acquisition of that territory made to extend the-soufhern area of the coun try? Lotus examine this view of the subject— What extent of territory was comprised within the limits of Louisiana? It extended not only far np the MiMisaippi river, to Iowa and Mine- sota, but westward to the Rocky mountains even, without now mooting the question, whether Or egon was not then acquired. Grant, for the sake of this argument that Oregon was not then ac quired. The Territory of Louisiana stretched from the extreme sonth on the Gulf to the ex treme north on parallel 49° of north lattitnde. All that immense domain, .including Kansas and Nebraska, was part of it. Was all this son them territory? Tho objeet of tbe gentleman from Obtain alluding to this subject seemed to be to intimate that all this acquisition was for tho 8outh. But how is tho fact? Let ns look at it. By this acquisition, taking all the Indi an territory into account, the Sonth acquired only 331,980 square miles, while the North got by It 807,599 square miles! Is this tbe way that tbs South is to be taunted? When the ve ry acquisition, hold np as tho taunt brought more than double the extent of territory to the North than it did to the Sonth ! Again, in the acquisition of Florida, the gen tleman says that the South carried that meas ure at a cost of $5,000,000. This is the tenor of his argument Sir, this measure was not car ried by the South, nor for the South exclusively, There was hot even a division in this House on the question. As to the extent of the acquisi tion, if we did not get Oregon when we acqui red Louisiana, we certainly acquired it when we purchased Florida. It was by the treaty then made that we got Spain’s relinquishment to Or egon. The North, by this measure, got 308,052 square miles of territory, including the Territo ries of Oregon and Washington, while the South got only the Stato of Florida, 59,288 square miles. If the South carried this question by her votes, I ask were those who gave the votes sectional in their policy? Did not the South, if that be the gentleman’s argument, gain quite as mueh, nay, more, nay, double, nay, more than five times as much territory for tbe North in that acquisition, as she obtained for borself? Again, in foe acquisition of Texas, considering the Mexican war as part of that proceeding, as tbe gentleman does, the South only secured 632.157 square miles, including California, New Mexico and Utah. The gentleman says, that the North is oppo sed to acquisitions, that she never looks out ward, she looks inward—and that while the South is always looking to the extension of ter- ritory, the North is looking to tbe improvement of .what we have. This, so &r as looking to ac quisition is concerned, I think, is not true of foe North entirely. It may he true of some men there. But it is not true of all her states men. In the early history of this country, there were men at the North, and one in particular, who had no sueh circumscribed Tiews as those attributed.to the North generally. The man to whom I allude stands first, in my opinion, of all foe northern.statesmen of bis day. Indeed, he stands, in my judgment, amongst the men of his day—next to him who bos no equal in any age or country. That man bailed from New York, and for strength of judgment, for profound thought, for fax-seeing statesmanship he has never been equaled by any of the illustrious men since brought upon the publie arena by. that hon ored State. That man, sir, was Alexander Hamilton; and at the formation of oar Consti tution, after that provision in tbe original draft, that new States to be formed oat of territory than belonging to the United States might be. admitted into tbe Union, was so modified as to ..leave ont the restriction, so that othor States (not confining it to tbe then territory of the Un ion) might come in, Mr. Hamilton is said to have expressed the opinion, with approbation, that, in time, we should get Florida, Louisiana, Tex as, Mexico, and even ultimately squint towards South America. That was the man, sir, who, in bis day, was, every inch of him, a “Sampson in foe field, and a Solomon in council.” Nay, more; be was one of those gifted geniuses who canght from tbe “sunrise of life” that “mysti cal tare” which enabled him to see those coming, events which were casting their “shadows be fore.” I take this occasion tbustospoak of Mr. Ham ilton, because be is a most striking exception to the gentleman’s remark, and, also, because in bis day it salted the purposes of many of hie ’cotemporaries to detract from his merits, bis name, and bis character; men who barked at his heels, just as tbe wolves and tho hyenas do, upon foe track of tbe noble king of the for ests •, men who never met him in open confliot but to be -vanquished, and many of whom even quailed from bis presence. But, sir, let us look, for a moment, to all our acquisitions. So far as Louisiana is eoneerned, if foe gentleman begrudges the money paid for U, even if it bad not been reimbursed by the sale of lands, the State of Georgia, alone, has long since more than paid that debt by her munifi cent grant. She ceded to tho United States that large territory ont of which the two flour ishing States—Alabama and Mississippi-*.Imre since been made; out of whioh, and from which, you have realized, by sale of lauds, much more than the whole cost of Louisiana. I barb now before m«r» table of tho proceeds of the solo of the publie lands in the Statos of Alabama and Mississippi. It amounts to $32,205,612 18; the consideration paid to Georgia was $1,250 000 ; with the extinguishment of the Indian ti tle within her own limits, nil this amounted to about<11,000,000; so that if (t be the amount of money that lays honvily upon bis breast, It may be some consolation to the gentleman to know that from this grant by Georgia, a southern State, you have a clear gain of over $20,000- 000. ' * But, let us look at all our acquisitions. There are now, according to tho census report, belong ing to the United States 2,936,166 squaro miles of territory—including States old and new, as well os Territories. There hare been acquired, outside of the old thirteen States, 2,599,105 square miles. Of these 2,599,105 square miles thus acquired, there life north of the line of 36° 30’, 1,845,701 square miles, and there lies south of it but 753- 404 square milos. Here, sir, take Louisiana, take Florida, teko Texas, take all oar acquisi tions, tbe Georgia and other State grants or ces sions, leaving out the Mesilla Valley, acquired at th? last session «f Congress, whioh is a small item, and you see this astounding feet, in an swer to the romarks of foe gentleman on this point, that 1,845,701 square miles of theso ao- I ntsitions lie north of 36° 30'. and only 753,- 04 lie south of it! If all north of 30° 30' is to bo considered northern territoiy, then the North has got by acquisition more than double what the South has! Will the gentleman, then, pretend to answer me, when I say, that the South asks but few fa vors, by pointing to these acquisitions ? Were these especial, peculiar, and great favors to the South? When I have shown that they were earned by patriots from all sections of the Un ion, and that more than double the square miles acquired north of that line which is usually re ferred to as defluing northern and southern limits ? And I, I say, to be thus answorod in the face of these facts ? Sir, if the wild boy in the forest, with his bow and arrow, were vain enongh to imagine that he could bring ’ down the moon by the power of bis arms as a hunts man, and should as vainly make tbe attempt, he would not come further short of his mark than tbe gentleman from Ohio does by letting fly snob a shaft as this, either at me or my argu rnent. Bnt again, he asks, who was it, at the last session of Congress, who desired to plaee in the bands of the President $10,000,000 fur the ac qnisition of Cuba ? I eon say to him that I did not, and if there is any gentleman upon this floor from the Sonth that did, I did not know it. I know of no each movement in this House, either at midnight or open day, or any other period of tbe twenty-four hours. But I tell tho gentleman, in , pnssing, as he has alluded to Cuba, that I am for the acquisfon of that island. I believe-its acquisition wonld promote the best interest of the Island and of this country; and that it would promote the interest of Ohio more than of Georgia. I am not governed by see ti»nal feelings or interests on this question. Its acquisition wonld advance the interests of both countries: and it would advance the interest o e tho north quite as much, if not more, than the Sonth, so far as its trade and its commerce concerned. But I was not, and am not, for putting $10,000,000, or any other sum. in the hands of this Administration to bay iU I do not believe that they desire it I have never believed that it was either their wish or policy to obtain it ns several of the most ardent friends of Cuba on this floor very well know. I gave them this opinion long ago, when some of them questioned its correctness. The sequal will show whether I was right or not Bnt, sir, hs I have been drawn into saying thns ranch on this subject it may be proper that I should say more. I am not for this acquisition upon any plan or principles inconsistent with the strictest national honor and national faith.- Bnt I am in fevor of a repeal of those laws on our own sta tute book which make it penal and. punishable as a crime of high grade for-an American citizen to take part in any revolution that may take place in Cuba—any effort of the people there to throw off Spanish domination and oppression ? If the people there were permitted to exer cise their own free will and volition, unawed by the superior power of Spain, as I am informed and believe, they would not remain a day, mueh less a month or year, longer, under the heavy taxes, hardens, and exaetions of that country which how claims their allegiance only to oppress and to plunder them. And if they do thus desire to throw off the yoke of their op pressors, why should we punish American citi sens .or no reason bnt aiding them in their pa triotic attempt ? Why should we keep the peace for Soain ? When did she. by her con duct towards us, put us under such obligations ? Was it when she h»dd the month oi the Missisip- pi, or Florida ? Was it when she armed the savages ofthe frontiers against nu-Jundcfeneeless people ? Was it when she nurtured in her bos om snch enemies to our' peace—such wretches as Ambrister and Arbnthnot—whom General Jackson had to hang without judge or jury ? When, I say. did Spain, by her comity and good neighborhood; pnt ns under an obligation to punish our citizens for aiding tho native Cubans qotohly to rid themselves of present heavy on erous burdens and unjust impositions, bnt to prevent that ultimate destiny which French and English policy has concocted for them ? In this matter I may have a little more sympathy /or my own race than the gentleman has. Why should we hold whilo Spain skins ? I feel no disposition to stand by and bee one of the fair est islands of tb6 world—the Qneen of the An tilles—despoiled, rifled, and plundered, and then made a St. Domingo or a Jamaica of, any more than I wonld to see a stately ship, well freighted pillaged by pirates, scuttled, andthon sent adrift to sink without one hand to save.— This, sir, is pretty mnch the condition of Cuba. She is now undergoing the pillaging process; how soon she will be sonttled and sent adrift to sink I know not. Sir, Mr. Webstor, as early qs tho delivery of his Panama speech, {intimated very strongly that the policy of this country never wonld or coaid allow Cuba to pass into other hands than those of Spain. Mr. Everett in his celebrated and most masterly Totter on the proposed tri-party treaty, very clearly fol lows up the same views. And Mr. Clay is gen erally understood to have maintained, nntil the day of his death, that this country ought to go to war rather than pormit Cuba to fall into tho hands of England. But who, sir, would not in finitely prefer to'see England hold it, than to see her policy carried ont "of extirpating the white race there and filling the Island with Guinea negroes and African savages ? If the first wonld jnstify a national war, tho latter uiay, in my opinion much more justify us in barely permitting sneh of our citizens, as see fit, to prevent it, if they can. If such a cour c should bring acquisition by the free choice of the people of Cuba, without consulting Spain, I say lot it bring it. It is a matter in whioh I should be governed mnch more by the wishos of tbe people ofCaba than the interests of Spain. Our trade with tbe island is now large; bnt this would be greatly augmented if it were part of this country, and under our laws. We should qot only be relieved ofthe heavy duties paid on our exports there, but the productions of tho island consumed in this country would be large ly increased, and her capacity to consume our products, agricultural and manufactured, be inoreased in the same ratio. I have r document before me that gives ^be amount of duty loviod and paid now on our exports thero upon being introduced into the island. On beef it is $3 14 per barrel; pork, $4 89 per barrel; hams, $3 14; lard, $4 19; lumber, $5 60 ; hoops, $S 39 ; coaches, $261. But I cannot read all.— The same document gives tho prioo of a cargo, shipped from New Orleans to Havana, of flour, hams, and lard—valued ac New Orleans at $6, 121 62—on which the duties paid wore $8,028 93. This cargo was'made up of such articles as Ohio produces in abundance. These are her staples. Would it not, therefore, bo greatly to herintorest to have the same access to the markets of Havana os to New Orleans ? . I can not now dwell, indeed scarcely refor, to the fast interest that shipping men and merchants S norallv, ns well as manufacturing capitalists, re in this acquisition. So far as the African and slnvery is concern ed, I ask the gentleman, anil the candid of all parties everywhere, whether the condition of that population wonld not ho better under our Government that under the Spanish Govern ment? If there ho real sympathy for tho Afri can nrd real opposition to what is ca l<d the n'r -cities of tho sUvo 'rode, would not that trnd:> be immedi.i ely nholished- on the Island becoming m rt of the United States? View the subject, therefore, commercially or politi b - what rational objeottoa esn there be to it?— Why, then, should gentlemen be opposed to it, either in open day, or, if need be. at midnight ? Mr. Chairman, I did not intend to dwell on the subject as tang as I have done, I only in tended to make a very brief reply to tbe gentle man's remnrkaboutaten million affair, of which I know nothing; but, in passing, I have taken occasion to tell him what I am for. And I re peat, in conclusion on this point, that, on the score of humanity, on the score of pablio inter est rod statesmanship—indeed, in Avery'point ofriow, where is'tho objection to the acquisi tion of Cuba, if it ean he honorably and proper ly acquired ? I sea none, but an obstinate, fix ed, nnd blind dogmatical nonsense. With this digression I pass to those other points in the gentleman's speech to which Iwlsh to reply. In the remarks submitted by me Mr. Chairma.n on tho occasion referred to, I made an exhibit of statistics, showing that Georgia, with less than half the population, with nearly a third leu land in quantity, and less than a third in value, compared with Ohio, not only equalled, but exceeded, that Stato in her agricultural productions, aocordingio the census returns of 1850. This I did, not for the purpose of show ing, as the gentleman argons' that tbe labor of an Afriean slave is better calculated to develop the natural resources’of a country than the labor of an Aneriean freeman, bnt for the purpose of showing the uttor futility of the argument a- gainst African slavery founded upon the assump tion that it is inconsistent with such develop ment even in a highly properons degree. It was from no unkind or ungonerons feeling to wards Ohio, her peopld, or her interests, on my part, that I selected that State for the compar ison. On tho contrary, it was because I looked upon her as-one of'the most, if not the most, prosperous of all oar northern States; and, al so, because Georgia and Ohio are both eminent ly agricultural States,. The comparison of States engaged in similar pursuits is much bet ter to illustrate tbe working of different systems, than that of States whose people^ follow differ ent pursuit-. 8o much, then, for my object.— To foe statistics exhibited in pursuance of that object and thnt object only, the gentleman has made an elaborate reply. That reply it is my purpose now to review. What I said on the former occasion, together with the calculations then presented. I have be fore me, and ask attention to it. Here it is: “ I had occasion, some time since, for another purpose than the present, to look a tittle into the statistics of Georgia, compared with those of other States. I selected the State of Ohio, because it was one of the most prosperous of the North—often styled. and, perhaps, justly, too, the Giant of the West According to tbe census returns in 1850, Ohio had of improved lands 9,851.493 acres—Georgia had only 6, ’78- 479 acres; the cash value of tho Georgia land, so improved and nnder culture, was, $95,753,- 445. while the cash valne of the Ohio lands was returned at $358.758,603—Ohio had nearly one third more land in a state of improvement than Georgia had, and returned at more than three times the cash valne of the Georgia lands. The whole population of Ohio* was 1,930.229. the whole population of Georgia, white and black, was 906.134. The popnlation of Ohio, therefore, was more than double that of Georgia. Here we see her free labor more than double in num ber. working one third more land, worth, by valuation, more than threo times that of Geor gia. From these elements it might not be sur prising to see her agricultural products greatly exceeding those of Georgis, without 'resorting to the ‘curse of slavery’ to account for it. Bnt how stand the faets? Ohio produced the fol lowing articles: Wheat 14,487.351 bus. at 80 eents $11,58! equality as the gentleman proposes, but the ot dinary or average rates or values of the Geor gia products at the time, soon after the census was taken, and the place—Georgia—whore they Rere produced. I did foe same by Ohio. Here, sir, I might leave the subject, so for as the principles are eoneerned upon which the estimates were made, and so far as tbe gentle man’s objection to the sliding scale is concern ed ; but so far ns the justice or correctness of the scale adopted for Ohio produeta is concerned, I have this to say: That if there is any inaccur acy in it, or Injustice done to Ohio by it, as a whole, no ono is "more chargeable with it than the gentleman himself. And this, I say in my own vindication. For it so happens that I have preserved the calculations made for me in tbe construction of these tables more than two yoars ago,and amongst tbe papers I find a memorandum given to me, upon my reqaest, by tbe gentle man from Ohio, which furnished me 'with the data upon which I framed the Ohio table.— These tables, as I said before, were prepared soon after the oensus was taken, for quite ano ther purpose than their exhibition in tj^jjfriace. And here is,the paper, with a list'of zuSfiwo- ducts grown »n Ohio, which I submitted 4FYitn with a request that he would put down opposite each article its ordinary average value or price in Ohio, at that time. This he did; and here Sweet potatoes 0,986,428 “ “ 60 3,103,211 Irish potatoes 227.378 « “ 40 90.951 Oats 3,820,044"“ 25 955,011 Barley - 11.601 “ “ SI 00 11.501 Cane sagar,-hhd8 1,6421,000 lbs 6 9S.520 Molasses 216.150 gals at 35 75,652 Tobacco 423,924 lbs “ 7 29,644 Rye 63,750 bu “ 59 26,875 Orchard products 92,766 Garden products 76,500 $41,675,021 is the paper: About the average at Cincinanti. . " 80 cents. 40 “ 50 « 50 « 6 “ 35 « 40 “ 50 " 25 « 7 « 1 dollar. 5 “ 75 cents. 35 B'kw’t 638.060 « 40 H 255,224 In. com 59,078.605 “ 30 u 17,723.608 Rye 425.918 « 50 ot 212.959 Barley 354.358 “ 50 it 177,179 Oats 13,472.742 “ 25 it 3,368.182 P’s k b’ns 60.168 “ $1 00 it 60.168 I’sh pot’s 5,057.779 “ 40 it 2,023,107 S. pot’s 177,991 “ 50 a 93.995 Tobacco 10,454,440 lbs. 7 a 731.811 Cloverseed 103.197 bus.$4 00 tt 412,748 Flax 446.932 lbs. 10 tt 44.693 Flaxseed 188.830 bus. 75 tt 141.660 Map. sug. 4,588,209 lbs. 6 tt • 275.292 Molasses 107.305 gals. 35 it m 69.057 Wine 48207 “ $1 00 tt 48,207 Garden products returned in mon.. Orchard “ '■ rt Aggregate , val. 214,004 " 695,921 $38,137,695 “This list includes nearly every agricultural product of the earth in that State exeept hay, which is omitted, because, in Georgia, there is no return for fodder, which, in that State, an swers the same purpose of hay in Ohio, as food for stock. The quantity of each product pro duced is given from the census tables. The val nes ran ont are sneh as are believed to ha the usual average values of eaeb article in that State, exeept the products of gardens and or chards. wnicb are taken from tho tables—no other values are put upon the products in the tables. The estimate above stated is believed to be a fair one. Now let ns take up the returns for Georgia and plaee upon them a tike estima ted average value. Here we have: Wheat J,OSS,434 bush, at $1 00 $1,088,544 In. corn 30 t 080.099 « “ 50 15,040.040 Cot.—b'Is 499.091 4001bs. at 8 15,970.912 Rice 38.950.691 lbs. at 4 1,553,027 P’s <fc h’ns 1,142,011 bash, at $1 00 1,142,011 S. potat’s 6,986,428 “ 25 1,746,607 L potat’s 227,378 “ 50 113,680 Oats 3,820,044 “ 37* 1.432,516 Cane sugar 1.642 hhds., 1,000 lbs. 6 88,520 Molasses 116,150 gallons at 25 54,037 Orchard, produets of 02,766 Garden, products of 76,500 Aggregate $38,414,163 “An amount, so far from falling nnder{that of Ohio, as might have been expected, actually exceeds it above a quarter of a million, without extending the Georgia list to rye, barley, to bacco, and other articles which are produced in thnt State. Away, then, with this prating cry about slavery’s paralyzing the energy ofa people and opposing the development of foo resources of a country." In commenting upon these oxhibits, or tables, the gentleman files no objeotion to the items of products, exoept the article of hay, which, he says, ought not to be omitted in tho Ohio list. He complains, however, of the prices or values, nnd the basis on whioh the estimates are founded, He objects to putting Georgia wheat at one dol lar, and Ohio wheat at eighty eents. This is what l\e calls a “sliding scale.” He insists that tho products of both States should be placed on the same basis, and estimated on the same scale of prices. This is what he calls the basis of equality. On this point we are at issue, and, in determining this issno, I am willing to abido by the principles laid down by tho ablest wri ters on political economy. 'The basis of my calculations, was the usual or average rates or srioes in ench State, respectively, at that time. I did not make thoso calculations to answer the purpose of an hour spoech here, or an election eering campaign. But I based them upon prin ciples that will stand the test of time, and which can- never be xfooeseMly assailed. If tbe committee will indtrigemo, I will give tbe entloman the^priiToiplos referred to. I read ‘rom Adam SBmh: “There is in every society or neighborhood an ordinary or average rate of both wagos and profit in every different employment of labor or stack. “There is likewise in every society or neigh borhood an ordinary or avorago rate of rent,” Ao. Again: “Theso ordinary or average rates may.be ealled the natural rates of wagos, profit, and rent-, at tho time and place in which they com m'<oly prevail.” T ie ram- p inciplcs arc laid •’ot-’ by all wri ters npon th<: same subject. Tie Wis upon whioh the vitae ofnny pr*dmts ofind try a * v „.,w t »Ve or should be, estimated, in comparing oi e it Wheat per boshol Buckwheat Rye Barley . Maple sugar, per pound Molasses, per gallon Irsb potatoes, per bushel Sweet potatoes, per bushel Oats per bushel Tobacco Peas and beans Cloverseed Flaxseed Indian corn He put the price of wheat at 80 eents per bn shel; buckwheat at 40 cents, rye at 50 cents, and so on. The whole list is identical with the value in the table I made for Ohio products, with the exception of Indian corn, which he put at 35 cents, and eloverseed at $5. I pnt Indian corn for Ohi:- at 30 cents, and eloverseed at $4; because other gentlemen from Ohio whom I likewise consulted on the subjects gave it ns their opinion that 30 cents for corn, and $4 for eloverseed, were fair average rates for those articles. And ^moreorer. ha average was for Cincinanti. And I wished to get as near as pos sible to the average for the State. In Georgia I did not take the Savannah or Augusta prices of wheat or corn, bnt what I thought a fair average throngboat the Stated Fairnoss and accuracy were my objects. Now, sir, the gentleman, in reply to me on the facts deduced from his list of prices.has giv en another list, vastly different from tbe one be furnished me with. Let ns look at some of these changes—80 cents a hnshel was what he put wheat at on my list; $2 per bushel is what ha now rates it at—Indian 'corn he then pnt.at 35 cents per bushel; he now puts that article at 90 eents. The changes in these two products, without going further in tbe in vestigation, make a difference of over $45,000,000 in favor of Ohio! This is “eliding” with a vengeance, as we say sometimes, down Sonth ! And it is in this way that he now gets the Ohio prodnety to run np to$145,838.23251. Andnowonder! I based my calculations and estimates npon principles from which I will never 'slide; npon these principles the tables prepared by me were given to tbe world. I maintain them now. Ar the distinguished gentleman from Missouri; [Mr. Bestow] when in the other wing of tbe Capitol, said of his plan ofthe Mexican war— these tables, sir, “will do to keep.” And I tend to keep them; not, however, in my-pock et, as I believe he kept hia plan of tbe war, bnt, to nse another phrase of that honorable gentle man, I intend to keep them by spreading them npon the “parliamentafy history of the conn try." But I will not let the gentleman off with the exposition, which is certainly quite enough to establish the accuracy and fairness of my ta bles. What he complains most of, fe what be ealls the sliding seale—that is, fixing Georgia wheat at $1, and Ohio wheat at 80 cents. He insists that the estimation for both States should be on the same scale, of prices. Well, sir, I will meet him on that around. I will take as a ba sis for the value of tbe products of both States, the very paper be furnished ns with for Ohio. I will bring the scale of prices of Georgia pro - - dnets down to. the average which he pnt npon simitar pfodnets in Ohio, but not in New York. Mr. CAMPBELL. I suppose the gentleman would not misstate my positions, and I beg leave to set him rixht. Mr. STEPHENS. Be very belef, for I have no time to spare. Mr. CAMPBELL. Then I will not take up the gentleman’s time : I merely say that he does not state mv-position correctly, Mr. STEPHENS. I understand the getie- mans position ns he states it, to be, that the products of Ohio, and those of Georgia, should be taken nt New York prices. Mr. CAMPBELL. I said I considered it as the great market of the country. Mr. STEPHENS. Very well. Then I was not mistaken in his position. He insists that the produets of both should be esti&ftt.od at New Yor)c prices, which, I say, is as erroneous as to estimate tbe value of tbe lands in each State, at New York prices. New York ia not the market for Georgia sweet potatoes, or Ohio corn, or O- hio hay. The proper basis for the value of each is the average value in each State, upon the plan on whioh my tables were framed. But, for the sake ofthe argument, I say, I will ndopt, as a basis, the Ohio prices, as the gentleman gave them to me himself, and make the Georgia pro ducts square with that basis, so far as we pro - duce similar articles. I will bring Georgiacorn froin fifty cents down' to thirty-five, nnd raise Georgia-potatoes np to fifty cents. Which is just m'absnrd as it would be to estimate a town lot in'the small village at which I live at either Cincinnati or New York prices, for tbe same quantify of land. 'And I will put cotton, which Ohio does not produce, at the commercial value fixed upon it for that year at the enstom-honses, which is quite as fair as to put it at”the Cincin nati market price, inasmuch as would cost quite as mnch to got it there as to the sea-board. By Honse Doe. No. 136, 1st sass, 23d Cong., the prico of the cotton crop embraced in the census returns was Trtloed{nt 11* cenfs, nnd a tittle over. Then, sir, ostimnting the values of the products of both States, not at Now York prices, but at Ohio prices, as given by the gentleman, nnd [tatting cotton nt the actual value placed npon t officially, by this official report which I hold, in my hand, how stands the result ? I have made tho calculation. I have the result before mo.,— Here are tho figures : , Ohio Liet-i 14,487.351 bu at And on this basis of calculation the Ohio products amount to $11,204,870, and the Gcor- £ 'a pred icts to-$41,675,021; making-a lwlanWe favor of Georgia of $470,151—near half a million—anj]. larger, by $193,678, than the bal ance in her fever upon tbe system, which was the correct one, adopted by me at firsts So I meet the gentleman upon bis own ground, and results similarly favorable to Georgia are ar rived at. Bnt the gentleman insists that hay should not be left ont of the Ohio list of products. My reasons for leaving it ont were given before. It is because there is no return in tbe census for fodder or shucks, that species of forage that wo use for stock in Georgia. We pri>doee ait least 600,000,000 pounds of fodder, estimating 1.O0O pounds to every 50 bushels of cforn; be sides immense quantities of corn shucks, which constitute .the food for oar stock, just ns hay does iir Ohio. For this large and valuable pro duct there is no return. But the gentleman says that, ia Ohio they make more corn than we do, 'and hence more fodder. Not so, sir. In Ohio they do not save their fodder; at least it is not usual with them to do it. They put their labor upon saving liar. We grow an immense amount of grass in Geor gia, but we do no* eut it or save. Wo put our labor.insaving corn blades and shucks: and we might as well claim our uncut grass in our cornfields, as a product to go into the estimate, as for the gentleman to claim the unsaved corn blades wbieh grow on their com stalks. An-1 besides this, sir there fe no return in the census for cotton seeds, whieb, In .Georgia, amount in value, annually, at a moderate estimate, at not less than $1,000,000. So, for these reasons, I dil omit the article of bay, as I stated, and did so properly, as I conceive ; and with its omfe- s;op, and the omission of the corresponding pro ducts of Georgia, upon the gentleman’s own basis of c llenl.tio t—not his last cue, of New York prices, but the basis he gave me two years and upward ago—Georgia, with a population of less than half thataf Ohio, and with land a lit tle uver two thirds in quantity and something un< jr one third in value, produced, in 1S49, ae- cm-iing to the censos. returns, agricultural pro * dn -*s exceeding those of Ohio in amount nearly $500,000. ■ 3 But. sir, I do not intend to st p hero with the gentleman and his statistics, I will c-. eii follow him to New York, and his price? there. I have his tables of estimates, by which he made the annual products of Ohio amount to 14&S33, 232 51, and those of Georgia to only $65,488,- 207 10. These tables .are uot iriveu :a his pamphlet speech, though they appeared with ih9 speech as published in the Globe. But I intend to preserve them, whether he does or n °L ^I shall preserve them as we do uncurrent coin ip ray country. For that purpose I have brought them here this day to exhibit to the House and the country ; and, iu tbe face of the gentleman, the House, and the country, to nail teem to the counter as spurious ia their elements and composition. Upon wh.at princi ple can he estimate Ohio hay at $16 per tan, because hay sells in New York at that price, when, perhaps, a bundle of Ohio hay never went therefo.-*iale in the world ? Upon what prin ciple can he put Ohio wheat at $2 per bushel because wheat sells in New York city at that price, when, by bis own account of it, in the list furnished me, he put its price In Ohio at SO cents? Nay, more upon what principle is it that be now puts Georgia sweet potatoes at 50 cents per bushel, when they are notoriously sel ling in New York at 25. cents a half peck, or $2 a bushel ? I have a daily New York paper before me, giving tbe market price of sweet po tatoes at the rates I have mentioned. Upon what principle fe it, I say, that the. gentleman makes up a table of such it character as this? Why did he n6t give the New Yerk prices to the entire list of Georgia articles, if he took that a3 the National market ? The difference in foe Geotgia products, in bfe table, on this one arti cle of sweet potatoes, amounts to more than ton millions of dollars against Geotgia. It fe for this, and divers other great errors, I nail his table to foe counter, here in open day, that the resalts deduced from them may not mislead ta e uninformed and unsuspecting elsewhere or anv^ where. But, sir, I said I would take np hfe results, attained, as lh>y were, and meet the'ge itle nau even on this, h's own. ground of last retreat, in the ’comparison of the agricultural prosperity of the two States, according to all just and cor-* root, principles of political economy. And it is upon such principles* alone, I will treat or argue such a subject. According to his exhibit, the cash value of the Georgia forms, is $95,753,444 Value of forming implements and machinery, fe ‘ 5,894,150 This gives a capital of $101,647,594 The cash value oftbeOhio farms is $35S,75S603 Fanning implements and machine- T ?>»- 12,750,5S3 This gives a capital of $371,5 Wheat Buckwheat Indian corn Rye irley Oats Peas k beans 80$1I,5S9,8S0 Sweet potatoes Tobacco II Cloverseed Flax Flaxseed Maple Sugar * Molasses Wine 1,078.605 “ “ 35 20,677.543 423.918 “ “ 50 212,959 334.358 « •* 50 177;170 ,472.742 " « 25 3,368.18$ 60.168 “ “$1 00 60.168 ,057.769 " « 40 2,023.107 187.991 « “ 50 03.905 1.454.449 lha“ 7 731.811 103.197bu “$5 00 515.085 446.932 " “ 10 44.603 188,880 " “ 75 141.660 .588.209 lbs" 6 275.292 197.308 gal« 35 69,057 48,207 gal»$l 00 48.207 s 2H’flflTt 8 695 921 $41,301,870 IIIU fiuujouiy uiuiriviu, uwunuunMimv wr pirn- ouuum uo, MiuraR’u, m OUUpariDg Ot 0 RtOO 38' cally, as it affects interests North or South, eountry or State;with anotlor, is not that of p 0 as and-boaas 1/ Georgia T,i»t. Wheat 1,088.534 bu at 80 $870,827 Indian erm 30,080,079 “ •* 3510,528.034 Cotton'—bale* 499.091 400 lbs II \ 22.625458. 050,601 lbs nt. 4 *1.558.027 142,011 bu “ $1 00 1,142,011 The products of Georgia, Upon the principle ot v his calculation, which I have exhibited; a- mount in value to ' $36,488,267 And those of Ohio; to 145,833)232 In this way the gentleman arrives *: the Con clusion, where h.< boasting’y says, that Ohio was ahead of Georgia, annually, $->0 349,965. But let us see how sued a conclusion can be drawn, .even if the resnlia were ns lie, has fig ured. them out, upon any sound principles of political economy. According to thesa well s-ttled principles, in .comparing the., relative prosperity of any State, or business, witn anoth er, th amount of the capital, as well as the products, fe to be taken* into tho account. All writers upon this, science; for il fe.a science — and one of tho profoundest of the sciences which real philosophers ever taught—lav this down as one of the axioms, or the postulates, upon which they build their systems. However they may disagree upon other matters, all agree upon this fundamental truth. Mr. MeCulloeb, whose work I have before me, after stating that * tbe species of labor, or kind of employment, is not to be looked at so mueh as its results, says: ‘V • It fe not, therefore, by tho absolute am ant of- its capital, but by its power of employing that cnptta.l wish advantage—a power which” in all ordinary cases, is correctly measured by the common and averaged rate of profit—that the cap acity, of a country to increase in weakh and p ipnlatfon fe to be estcomod.” And further oh he says: “The average rate of profit would seem to be, ’bn. tiie whole, tho best barometer—the best cri terion of national pr isperity.” - JiuV, what is here stated of National pr >sncr- ity, orjlie capacity to produce wealth, fe ns true of States as of nations. And tha main object «fA&.‘ gentlemrn from Ohio seepi d to rate sh^lubat the capacity i>f Ohio, with her freer bor, ^bs ’niu h iraatar in the production of wo ifc hpor the dcvol parent of her resou.-ces, than -iiat -f Giorem, with her slave 1 ber. The sir. letthcpasj stand us kept is it. O do, wth .'roe labor, on an iuve.dm nt of $371,509- 1 188 i>» - api .l, p odu with ber labor, $; 15- 858,232. This fe 39 ier;-nt. That is, the 0 ii» p d t towards t -a ■ tnl bears th; ratio of 33 per o mt.. white Georgia on an ifivettramt o ' • - 4 1 of Sim 0-17. MU prod ; <■ i-h er labor, $6>.43$,2G7, whiih fe ill- percent And this' is just 25 per cent in fiver * : upon the gm-foman’s own estn.v pant .v ri* .. r - roueocsH sx options. The gentleman may'say

Georgia Historic Newspapers

Rome courier. (Rome, Ga.) 1849-18??, January 30, 1855, Image 1