Newspaper Page Text
To tin.' Editor- n r t Cior;
Mau . . ii.li
> hu examine
ji. «.:»*! Avenue, Aic-
Pkar * in—I ii.; ■
of the ii.>i raj* i,,tiers, *
Gentinl svumly to
Fort o» Brunswick, tire
&.C.
fr i» n plain statement of facts and it being nn
oil;, in] document tvhu ii b.:s cost tbe State coitsid-
ctablo looney :o obtain, ..nil a« it develop**# the
in' octant advantages which tan be so easily and
ch. -ply derived for tbe present nnd future bene
fit of tbo ceiaral division i.no heart-of the state,
of whaji .Muon must ever he iho coucemraiiug
point for a market in the iuterior, it can scarcely
be necessary k>r me to solicit an insertion of tbe
said report id your paper.
.ie people nnd the Uictchaets of r.ll these
tiddle and western counties are deeply iolcrest-
d iu"t .vhtjr the best outlet upon tbe seaboard,
■oni *' con, which can bo made most product
*e of the interests of tiio present and the rising
attcr.-non*.
Ii-is, therefore, of tiio greatest importance that
U -r.ie capabiiiiies and advantages of the various
Telegraph. ^ I s , undiugs gavi ns fr< m fre to ten
“ •' 1*"*-1- and ibis deptii was retained with but
ip> el i n report rjaiion, till we reached w ithin ball
>liter nl ltie Ins ' r .. - _ . ,, ,
the ' rs o* a roue of Brunswick, A> L
lamonis,
little va-
is* three
i„ InhabiiMB, .o b.- rendered tJUiUlf W|
!■ 1 fur tbe people of Georgia in tljn njfirinatrve. Io
-in-
fornu-d by navigators, tiiat the* r *' er continues
unusually deep, almost to *»• very source.—
From tl use facts, we conclude that the bar will
always retain its present depth, for there is co
cause visible to us, or to be drawl: by inference
f rom the character of the river, to produce any
variations in the tide or cltanges in the bar.—
In the most of our other rivers which penetrate
into the mountainous cour.iiw of the interior,
the great inundations frequently happening, car
ry down inimciisc quantities of sand and allu
vial soil, which arc continually shifting"the
channel, and afleetin,
the navigable w aters,
the orcam Hence it is, that there la so mucl
danger, delay, and expense attending the as
cent to our other sea-ports. We ihink
may- say confidently, that tie; bountiful hand
Ol the “rail road avenue to the Aantaha,
we can speak in terms equally unquiyocal
and equally favorable. The disianci of this
avenue is but 11 miles and a few chats from
river to river. From the Altaniahu sanipto
the Llu£Tat Brunswick, its. location i as fine
and beautiful forsuch an improvement is can
be found in any part of the Union. Itcourse
is over to campaign country, so level hat its
tnequaleties are scarcely perceptible to the
naxed eye. It lies over a pine.barren'lat, of
close compact, foundation front river t river,
and when once compfeied anil settled, tb Com
missioners arc of npiniou that it will bens firm
tbe town of Brunswick, properly connected with
the interior, we would b«ve a commercial i-m
poriuin that might rival anv on the Atlantic
coast, south of Baltimore.. 1 he only obstacle
now existing to the connexion of this noble pot
with the heart of Georgia, and with the grea
nr the depth and location of a . ,ld btld J and as well adapted to rail romopera-
- where tliov etnntv into I tK '“ s > nnd as ,m,c to ,U J UI 7 f r° ui V cal f
. , t * • ~ l ses » of could be selected in ibis stato. liere is
but ouc curvo in tbo whole route, ami tilt very
gradual, to avoid thupoint of a" bay swampivJnh
would have increased the labor and expose, to
have run through it. From this curve, shade
tree of ordinary height, on the Mull'at Bruswick
19 distiuctly visible to the naked eye, ulon the a-
veutte, at the distance of 8 miles or upwa’s: and
it will require hut little additional labor .ad skill
to render the foundation, noiv almost ornpk-*-
ted, a ilaad level, the entire distance fronttlie Al
um aba loBruuswick. This foundation bs *ecu
thrown up by tile superiuiendam. with a b.<*oiniug
regard io the iuilili«»; • —~ A “ «• sule W**cl<
does rreittt to fits skill aud industry. As fas a-
completed, it is a road of the first order for bu s
es ami carriages, aud is daily becoming friner
aud better from use. About the middle of Juue.
when we examined it, the fouudatioD was in.owu
up about two thirds of the way, the avenue cut
iho whole distance, aud the superintendent ex
:>ected to completo it in two or three -months —
Votltiug wiil then remain-to be doue, hut to pre
pare it for the reception of the rails. In the im
mediate vicinity .of the entire* route, there is ah
>r 0 . otctIoh lawsok I z'zZt? ¥&****.& «¥• £"£?££
Olid ..OSES FORT, Commimidrers appoint-, J l V r , a f* can r,, . n over tl,s tlt , !1 1 s 1 , J v '? cr ’ pletion, will be the junction of the cat! road with
ed to er-r-niot the Port end I.ail Hoad of iiruns- a , ,the host anchorage near tbe blurt along j thu Altamaha. though this is by n«7 means a seri-
;vc?% 4 c. I the whole extent of the town, in from twenty to I ous ouc. It may ho united either with Kail Road
mats, burs, harbora, &c. upon the sea board. I of nature, has entirely exemoted the port of
itoiild he u ell ascertained ana spread among the I Brunswick, and its noble stream, and will con
cop e, through the medium of the Pre**. tin* 1 J tinue in all future t j n) , to exempt them, from
: i; ra 1 b r “ t r b f v| ,e “ er . T frr'uJ w thrse difficulties and obstructions to their navi-
*. on n point, or what court.;- of policy uud cuter- | h *-
trise may be best to bo pursued. 8a ?,® n "
You Will perceive by tbe Into publication of I When you approach within half a mile of the
Hinton, that there is upward* of two hundred! town, there is a small salt ntarsh island which
• bottsand of iho population of iho o°ie int*««ic(i» divides the river into the northern and paste***
Iu ibis particular subject. I branch, c, «Jie tnaiH channel rtmnina *t-
f ir l: . ?a best internt* of so large a portion of I „f t/]j s island. Bciwei-n Brandy *point on this
• >*:r nopulbuoa ho sacrificed, or kept in the back ; s | an( j, an( ] Dennis’s Folk on the Brunswick
(round? lilt-is the true nod prop" question to I , ,i >*_. _.u:„t. .1
to decided, and if we give tbe people a fair op-
*orfunity'of obtuiniog correct ltglit and kttowi-
dgc they will soon ciecide it for themselves.
1 am very’ respectfully.
Your obedient servant,
VV. B. DAVIS.
shore, there is an inner bar, upon which there
is about 12 feet at low water, and as the
tide rises ien foot, it gives the styne depth of
water that wo find on iho outer bar, with- this
advantage, that the bottom being soft mud cre
ates no damage, to ships, and ntay’ be very ea
sily deepened if it were necessary. But no
loch necessity exut9-ns any ship that crosses
Miuu;dokviz.x.e, 17lb July, 1833. j./otfy feet water at the lowest time of tide,
fo the /Tonarable the Sm. te and How t of Pep- This we ascertained from careful soundings at
■r-ttuu'ivea of the Stateoj'Georgia .* _ 1 low water, and after having finished the sound
, ’ f* j 1 *-' commissioners appointed I j n g S f );r ourselves, ascertained that Stockton’s
o'r" ol aws *“• •*«
x> eitaoci, *to go ;.ud examine tlie eomnierctiil I ', . , , •
advantage* nf the Port of B unsnick and the rail I *”>mthe fact that we crossed .the outer
raad avenu** to rite Attain din, aud report there- *’ ar » 18 miles front town, and heat up against
on upon-la'ii, w hether or not it would bo tuivisa- a very ji^bt Lre< re to Brunswick, in about
hk> for the -i ‘ ’ 1 ’
Bruit
the nmii
their -’oni;;ii,sioa. aud beg leave to submit the
fol.'jwiiig
• , „ RSrOSLT.e
The Ittrn o; Brunswick is situated on tlie
nerl.t branch or arm of Turtle river, near the cen-
ti '* of our ser. roast, about eight miles fri;n> Ft.
Bimor,;i ligh!-house, just above the 31st degree er or strhit
o ; ” h i.idtude. iu ti.e county of Glynn, about| tidcr kr ei
tu’lcs from Sr. Siinons bar. The site of the
Sis r, f ,s!r i - -»«w<b TT »«.i»-..
being elevated fro..-s 8 to 18 feet above high niJ , . as ? n •«* ^ a ‘ er * T,ie harbour is com
ter, nnd-ccfcudui? it-elf up and down the river ] pktciy land-loct.cd bv a beautiful ere sent or
for upwv.rds" n two mile*., affording a delightful ( semicircle ofislnnds Mtetcl irg along the soutli-
si’.iinticn for a town of the Inri-cst exteut. The I ern branch of the river, and preventing the
be.Mtty rf ts location—it* splendid river,^»nd r r- heavy swell of the otenn from afiectingthc wa-
ruiyacc :tt island*, m .ki; it altogether the hand- i«. r inilio harbor. In addition to this, ait ex-
Xr „r:r UOn ‘ ;Ur ,0 ^ T f0r , marsh stretches nlongto the east
W ctif.i C'» a c* men iai eiriL'o.’ifin) nnd navff) cle r.. • 1 ®
,>-t. Though this spiendi* ti ceiof v but*.ct,II- ^ n b, whn It also acts as a protection
c<i rurtle river, yet fi. in its width, its great depth heavy swells in the sennd and the ocean.
tn-Jits length, it may morn pmper'y be.called an
Illet or 'i.'it of the soa, whic h extends nhout HO
or n?l, ! es id’o thu titiprior. The entrance front
the occ;.r. is between St. Sitnott- i-huid ou the
north, nml Jckyi island on the south. This inlet
between the islands is at out a mile in width
The b_ar over whi<-h ships ent*>.
,jr too state to tender any. aid in opening three hours, we can state safely, that a vessel
itw.tck to t.te interior,” proceeded < aily in may pass in or out, from the bar to the town,
" “ ” , ,!e !8t 0 ex '■ t ' ,1 e d,e dut ks <*n with the wind front any direction, and with a
fair good breeze, can reach the wharves, and
get to sea front thorn, in less than two hours.—
The width of the rivt rand the channel affords
an opportunity for making Jong tacks, which
are very desirable in heating up or down a riv-
"l. Tlie vessel once in port, we con*
olireiy sheltered front any gale or
storm, short of tin* most violent hurricane or'
creek, or with the river itself, or with Six Mile
creek; the latter we think the most eligible, as
this creek is wide and deep enough for up-couu-
iry boats, and enters the river in a deep bight,
which renders it very couveuiciit for boats to en
ter. In cither route, the distance will he rather
over half a mile, and may he either excavared to
tbe fine bluff by a caual aud basiu, or the road
he extended through thn swamp, w hich is there
a rice field in cultivation. Before it enters the
ocean, the Altamaha divides itself into four
branches ; on the southern branch, which, from
exnmiuatiou and information wc found to he.the
deepest aud best for-navigating boats, the rail
road will end,
As to the cost of this work we have only such
data ns will enable us to approximate a ret;son-
able estimate. Wo have addressed the Agent of
the Charleston rail road, for accurate iuiorroa-
with tlie Heart oi ceorgi.i, <mu d
wealth ami the densest population of tbe totate. is
the narrow slip of laud, of little over eleven
miles, between Turtle River arid the Altamaha ;
nud this obstacle we have already 'stated, can,
in our opinion, bo overcome by tlie trifling sunt
of from 850,000 to S70.000. But suppose it
should cost $100,000, the expenditure f* n trifle
in comparison with the immense advantages _it
would yield, not only to the Treasury of tbe
Slate, but to the groat body of the people.
The next question is : How is the importance
of onenin«■ the Port of Bnmnoi&t to be demon
strated ? °The answer is ready, and the various
considerations connected with it, of the most
momentous importance to the prosperity
iudpeudence of the State. But look at the map
of vour State, nud it will he seen by a single
glance of the eye, that our noble rivers the Oco
nee, the Ocmulgee and the Altamaha, penetrate
the very heart of the State from the Ocean to
the Mountains. On these rivers and their trib
utaries, aud within tiio range of thei ™ lJ”' f
iniuence, will ho seen nearly halftlienUihc- f
0 ,.„ viitaiuing the - 1 ’ . ,a ) ,CI
ding the most extensive supplies of cotton, corn,
sugar, flour, rice, stoc-k nu“ lumber to be^ found
iu any equal extent of the Southern States ;
com lining the largest nnd most growiug popu-
lntiui, with a rich and new country every day
gairiug in resources. The trade that goes down
these rivers would he derived front an extent of
of.'ountry nearly three hundred miles iu length,
aid from fifty to H>0 miles in. breadth. To all
th»o people and this extensive district, the beu-
efits of Brunswick would he brought, should it he
fosijreifas it might bo. That we have the fa-
eiliies for the immediate creation of such a mar
ket. yet that wo hate not stub a market, must be
matter of the deepest regret and most humbling
refbetion to your honorable body, aud to our
petple at large. That the immense product of
our soil yearly descending our rivers, and trans-
pirted iu wagons, should pass by the wharves
of Darien aiid Savannah to p° to Charleston, in
niothcr State, at a very heavy expense,, aud our
sipplies'returned by the same circuitous ami ex
pensive route, must he humbling to the State
pride and the patriotism of every true hearted
Georgian : while in the opinion of your Com
missioners, t be <* noon ii i of wealth that would ^be
retained at home, would • in one year compen
mtc.ua for the whole expense of setting this road
ij operation, and openius: the Fort qf Brunswick
tho interior. Georgia at this momeut pre
southern coast of Florida. There is no rea
son why goods should not he bought as cheap
at Brunswick, and produce command as high a
price as at Charleston or New-Orloans. I he
ship can as r adily come to Bi unsw ick Irom
Liverpool, Bordeaux, and me East and cs
ladies, as to IN.*w York and Charleston.—
Why should the freight he higher, or the goods
dearer? There would be no delay in running
in, and putting out to sea, and no heavy river
charges, and no loss of time to increase the
price of merchandize, sold by the importer and
the whole sale dealer.
Open the port ol Brunswick to the inteitor,
and the enterprize of seamen will soon bring
the ships there, and your cotton, your grain,
your sugar, and every other article o| home
production will go there, and the merchant oi
large capital will soon find it to his interest to
invest it in Brunswick. The commerce of
these rivers, and the trade of the whole interi
or of Georgia, belong, by nature, to some stv-
pori, on our coast. Let the most eligible, an
the best be selected. Let no sectional jeal
ousy impede the enterprise. Such a sea-pot t,
we think, Brunswick might be made, being de
cidedly of opinion, that affords advant»s'“ ‘ or
a large commercial city, if notsuX*^ lor » at | eas
equal* in even/ respect, ‘v “»V 0,1 ^ ie sou, h cnl
Atlantic coast of the United States, and de
cidedly superior to any in"Georgia.
Georgia has not a moment to lose in redeem
ing her own commercial character-—in saving
to her treasury—to her merchants—to the
whole agricultural—professional and mechani
cal industry of the State, the great blessings to
be derived from her ample resources. Patri
otism, state pride, pecuniary interest, all de-
ntaud, that the great wealth of one of the finest
portions of the world, should be so marshalled
as to increase our own domestic prosperity and
happiness, by cultivating the means which
the bounli r ul hand of indulgent Providence has
placed so entirely’within our reach and under
ovr control.
All which is respectfully submitted by the
Commissioners.
J3HN G. POLIIILL,
, HUGH LAWSON,
MOSES FORT.
11 °ecasio n ,
~ ’ ngi j a
sotety - ;
seats the Spectacle of a robust man, rich in the
vital fluid, submitting to have the veins of both
arms opeued aud, bleeding to death , while, by
the exertion of his own strength and energy, he
alight save himself Aom destruction. Savatt-
j we f cnr j s prostrated by the completion of
tion front experience, hut not bavin* received an ^ oimrleston rail road to Augusta.—Our pro-
answer, deinr it our dury not to delay our report. N uce aUx . af |y goes by her wharves, because the
1 farmer and merchant can get better bargains
L. I' i _ n _T. .. A All <1... n.nrillnrt* rvll tllOt I
Jinn oar over wtiK iistiips enr^*;:*
i- -vent a--- rules ir«m iho light house on the
ruu;I) of3l Sitnons. ami i**, ffo*> »I1 il»**v w» can
*lrrrn, the lutst nud saf-st on the souihern const,
vvitii the cxi eprinn perhaps of Norfolk in Virgin
ia. Bf- \s ha-.iitg had access to tlie report of
■ survey r.-jjde by Li- utinmt Stockton, under
the authority of fhe United states, we took soun
dings ourselves under the pilotage of experienced
in ci v;h-i had been mnuy years well acquainted
with :!i< ooust, nnd e-peci-illy with St Simons
li'*r. 'J’ho experienced oflicer who made the sur-
Vt. alluded to, lias sot eh wu the average d, pth
of th,. >.ir at 18 fi-et at dead low water, and ns-
certained tho ri;*' of the tide to be. cn nn nverage.
a'-uut fix feel, givinu 22 feet at high water; sta-
’licat the same time that he was not satisfied
that ho bed found the.best water.
The object of Pongees* in ordering this survey
harin- Lqcn t .o estab'.ishim rt of a naval depot
or, .ttrtle river, itia to he presumed that the ofli
ccrmrule his report with a view to the strict safe
ty of • ships of war, and ther.forc preferred
luring '.v;h»*r under thai! over the depth of water.
IVc draw this cotmlusion from the fact, that we
fouod »b# mounding on the bur to be generally a-
beu; in feet at as >j[ear low water as we could
juu^e ; our shallow'*! sounding whs 17 feet,
l*tir v.o found more water on the same tack. As
v. ' found Stockton’s report very auuraie in ev
ery respect, and as ho had speut Mime time in the
survey, wo conclude that the water cn the bar
may be et dow;» nt f. ftt 10 to 17 fret at low wa
ter, and 22 to 23 at high water—striking a medi
um between bis survey and our scumiiugs. The
pilots and con-ting eaplaius bn'hoard the vessel
wo employed in thb service stented to.bo of opi
Sion that there w« still deeper water, as they
stated that they would risk their nautical skill
and reputation, in undertaking to bring the lar
gest class of merchant ships trading to the
south, across this bar at any t.nu* of title. An
experienced pilot, whose services we bad engag
ed. assured us that he had been intimately ac
quainted with tltis bar for about 23 years, and
dial iu breadth and depth bHd not varied the
least in that time. Wc judge tho extent of the
bar, across it, to be about a quarter of n mile,
and from half to three quarters in w idth, between
the north und the sctr.ii breakers, to he naviga
ble for large vessels. Otto of the great exceUon-
<-ic» of the bar, is, that ships can pass over it in a
direct couise with a favorable wind, and if the
w ind should be ahead, ;he has a plenty of room
for hcaiiug up. Mr. King, the intelligent nml
enlightened Senator of GJyno. who UooWlnmns-
«ii;il< !y on St. Simons sound, assured us, mat it
v. a , Ivy no means a rare occurrence for ships of
. v burden, entirely unacquainted with (lie bar,
.1 ..iiliout a pilot, to put ittlo the sound in
. tre-s of weather for safety, and that this is none
- it as well as in the day. -Tins wo con-
the most conclusive evidence of the
.f, -rolfonce and perfect satety of this
* .rotection afforded to ships that
:J in bad weallter. Oftlic* en-
. ; . xc< Hence of this- bur for tli
T lie* ccurse of the river itself turning nearly
south immediately around the north point of
Ji kyl, with that inland on the south and the
Brunswick promontory on the north, acts as a
protection to the porttho river^mM.;
ground known as Dennis’s Folly. All this will
be n*orc apjmtent to jour nuimub.c body by
reference *o a map of Brunswick, its port, its
environs and the position and course of the
Rail Road, which we have ordered to be care
lully drafted, after a very correct model, (with
a few alterations indicated by us,) by the coun
ty surveyor, to be submitted as a part oi tliis
report
In the southern and principal branch of the
river is the outer harbor. In this harbor, the
whole navy of our country might ride, with per
fect safety, in sewn fathoms water, and moor
within a mite ol the town.
In regard to health, we consider Brunswick
superior to any sta port on the souiheni coast.
Its high and dry bluff, the total absence of
laguttes, swamps of stagnant fresh water, and
rice field?—ils hroao sheet of clear ocean w a
ter, almost as salt as the sea, and its pure sea
breeze setting in regularly from the ocean,
make it nor only a delightful situation in sum
mer, (as we experienced it to he) but give the
strong) st assurance ol the health arid comfort
of seamen and navigators, and of the inhabi
tants of tbe into. We found wells of water
as good as could be expected in so low a lati
tude. Though not very cool, we believe it to
be pure, and that which we found in town, was
hotter than the wells incite immediate vicinity
Toe extensive salt marshes are overflowed at
every tide with pure salt water, and are not
considered at all injurious to health. The sea
breeze sweeps delightfully over them, and we
found scn.c ol the most healthy families in the
vicinity living immediately upon their edge.
Brunswick may be so protected by fortifica-
ti- ns as to become entirely inaccessible to any
naval force that might attempt to approach it.
The inlet between St. Simons*ana Jokyl Island
being but a mile wide, might he defended by
forts on both sides, so as to cut off any naval ar
mament that might atti n.pt tocnlirit. Should
an enemy’s ship succeed in passing this strait,
there are other points for defence, on Cf-dar
Hammock, the firm marsh opt the opposite side,
on Dennis’s Folly, nnd on Brat.fly Boin-—<<1:
,voU Uwlonri Air me strongest and most ef
fectual fortifications. Whether, therefore, we
regard the “commercial advantages of the
l?ort of Brunswick,” in reference to the water
ou the bar and in tlie river,—in reference to
the short time in which a ship of large draft
may sail in or out ol port, against or with the
wind,—in reference to .the excellence of tl e
anchorage in port, and lu r t ntire safety from
storms w hilc tltcre,—wbetlu r we view them in
reference to the health, convi nil nee and beau
ty of locality ; ■ or in reference to their capa-*
as these matters arc within the reach of every
member of your body; and the distance is So
small, as uot to make the cost a'muttcr of very
great moment. We understand that the first
estimate of the Charleston rail road was $5,000
pur mile, and that the actual cost has been found
to fail short of the estimate. As the location of
die route for tbe Brunsw ick rail road is so favor
able, aud as the foundation wiiljsoott be completed
by the public bauds, we should think it would be
a safe calculation to set down the utmost cost at
Sa,000 per mile, including labor already bestow
ed by tbe bands, or that it could not exceed
fn in $50,000 to $70,000, including the cost of
nil the labor, materials; engines, cars and ware
houses.—Wc thiuk this a high limit for the cost,
but that it would bo a trifling sum compared
with the imnic-nto urine work;
even should the State assume the entire expense;
but this will uot be necessary, as individuals Lave
:dr*-ndy subscribed for stock.
Tbe distance from tho Altamaha to Bruns
wick, and vice versa, may he performed with
case by thceiigino and loaded cars in one hour!
By a proper construction of the ends of tbe
route, a boat load of cotton might be soon placed
into the cars and be taken to Bruuswick in one
trip, while other cars might lio ready to return
immediately with freight of merchandise for the
boat. In this way but little delay would bo oc-
casioncik We consider this process much chea
per ami more expeditious than loading a.boat
by drays front one of our ware-house* at any
distance froth the boat lauding. As by the char
ter, not more than ticAity-Jir* per cent, can be
demanded lor any one year uphn any a/
mount of capital invested, should the project
succeed, the cost of transportation would uot
probably exceed from 12j to 25 cents per hale
upou cottcti. and so in proportion lor goods;—
for we believe that all the cotton growing country
io reach of the Oconee. Ocmulgee and Altinia-
ha, v* ouid goto Lruusw ick. \\ c are therefore of
opinion, that the great fulvantagcs to be derived
from this work by the extensive region of fertile
territory, and the dense, industrious and .grow-
ti iftle upon these rivers, render it
tho State to give prompt end efficient aid in
completing this rail road, so os to connect Bruns
wick with the interior of the State.
Perhaps the letter of our duty is discharged
in giving these facts, and the opinions fouuded
upon them. But wo fee), in common with our
fellow citizens, so strongly*the great importance
of building upon our sea const a commercial
towu, for the sale and exportation of our pro
ducts and the importation of those supplies of
merchandise, yearly consumed among us, and
now cs.-ential to cur prosperity and comfort,
that wc believe a more extensive view of this
important ^uhjcct to fall within the range of our
official functions. Indeed wc should ernsiderour
commission hut half accomplished, did we fail,
at this momentous crisis of our commercial re
ations, to spread before your body, those poW'
erful considerations that form the very basis of
the opinions we have already submitted. Our
state is second to but one er*two of Iter sister
States, in her internal wealth and resources.
Possessing.almost every variety of soil and cli
mate from th.* mountains to the sea coast, with
corresponding varieties of mineral, vegetable,
and agriculural wealth, she may vie in these res-
’ccts with tho most favored nation upon earth.
U! that our people have :o do to place us by the
side of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Now York’in
utcrnnl improvement*, is to arouse from our tor-
loreign market- All the produce* ou that no
iilo river, which goes to Augusta, is eventually
destined to Charleston. On-the other side of
orir State, the rich country along the Chattahoo
chee is draining its produets into Florida
While wo are thus loosing the advantages of
trade on both sides of the State, tbe body of the
State is perishing, or finding a scanty subsi
fence abroad, for tbe want of that commercial
no’urislimeiit at Tiome which the resource? of the
State aud the capital of wealthy individuals in
it ate amply sufficient to supply.. Under this
state of things, for the want of our manly and
vigorous exertion, wo jsbnll «oon become like
North Carolina, tributary to our. sister States.
tOmiiy ueiecUVc. Instead of directing our
operations to one important point ott the sea
const, wc have hcon working Irom village to
village, aud carrying bur improvements across
the Slate; thus giving facilities to the passage
of our produce into other markets. By some
central iutcrunl opperation, wo should approxi
mate tho ship to the plough, and bring mountains
to the ocean. Wo have the mentis of avoiding
this suicidal policy, by a very trifling improve
ment. This navigation of the three rivers
already mentioned is open to,the heart of tlie
State, to Nawkinsville, and Macon; nud these
towns draw tbe trade from near tho mountains.-
•t'otmert tho navigation of these rivers with
•Brunsw ick, where tl»c ship can at all seasons ap
proach, and tbv merchant and planter of the. in
terior can find n good market for sale and pur
chase. and our failing commerce would in a
great measure revive and begin to flourish. It
is by such means that South Carolina has fos
tered Charleston, till'liaviiig absorbed the com
merce of her whole State, she is now drainins
Georgia of hers. Let-us Jearu a lesson from her
example. From seventy to eighty thousand
bales of cotton annually 'dcscoud the Altamaha
besides otljer productions. These will iiicrensi
aS onrfertile lauds arc opened, and .ourpopulr
tion becomes more tiutnerous : and our cotton
^oru, wheat, lumber, bacon, aud stock of vari
GEORGIA, Baldwin County.
From the fac.s anil considerations stated^ in
the foregoing Report, together with tho infor
mation derived from sources the most authen
tic, within their rc. clt, John G. Poliiill, Hugh
Lawson, and Moses Fort, on oath, say, that
they are decidedly of the opinion, that it is ad
visa hie for the State of Gcbrgia to render im
mediate aid in opening the port of Brunswick
to the interior of the State.
JOHN G. POLHILL,
HUGH LAWSON,
. MOSES FORT.
Strom, affirmed to, and subscribed before
me, this IS th July 1833..
B. P. STUBBS, J. P.
certain contingences, to maintain their pre lc
tior.s, by arraying the whole, fotcc of the s !
in defiance to the General doveftanieiu. i -
yet with a marvellous infataation, they i" 1 *
urs.cd on their projects iu Such a spirit of
exasperating intolerance, as to excite an- ’
their immediate lejloiv citizens, a tlioi'^j
deadly animosities, notlesS faiafto the str, j
than to the happiness of a community,
son so deeply fraught with instruction, s | ln ,.u
not he disregarded by those who seem to j, a
meditated a similar enterprisi—leaving J' 1 ’’
topics to be discussed as circumstances «, f
require, we purpose on the present
briefly to declare our opinions and lec-lin
relation to tliis important subject.
Itcsoivaf, That the Federal Constitmi 0 ,
a compact, creating and defining the f n , n
Government, established over the
Stares by which it was adopted.
Resolved, That the exercise of anv p,,,,,.
by the General Government, not dele.::n 1 j
the constitution, is an act of usurpation, bat fr.
dividual members of tho confederacy can •
while continuing their adherence to it. deter
mine tlie question whether a disputed
has been delegated or not. The theory if; /.
RBcatiofl, which supposes that any State m,- v
remain in tb«* Ui,;«, and y I t -cith unh'rni'."' :
discretion, decide for itself whether it will or
not, respect the acts of tiio General Gove,-,
ntent, is in flagrant opposition to all sound • i.
itics. The very essence of a common o, JV , r .
ment, is conformity to the same prescribed
rules, by all those over whom such Govern-
ment is established. If every slate mnv de
termine for itself, how fur the enactments of
tbe General Government are valid, it it (-;.
dent, that the same act may be fully enforced
in Massachusetts, may bn only half enforced ia
New York, still less in Virginia, and in Loni-
siana be regarded as an absolute nallitv,—
Whenever such a state of tilings is suffered to
exist, there.is no longer a common govern
ment: the Union is virtually dissolved.
From the Pennsylvanian.
A CARD. ;
AV. J. Dl’axe has not, since iio ceased to
be Secretary of the Treasutv, in September
last, written any letter, or other article, inten
ded for the public eye, with the exception of
the cautionary cards published on the eve of
the last election; nor lias it been his desire
BVlfariWiYe§ X uY 1 fv t qsiiingtoiCimIess in self-de
fence. An attack, made upon hint in the offi
cial paper of the President of the U. States,
the Globe of the 19th inst. puts hint in defence;
and lie will, accordingly, at an early Say, ap
pear at the bar of the public, at least to* repel
’mputationg upon his integrity and conduct as
Resolved, That the federal compact which
forbid, a majority to assume powers not dele
gates in the Constitution, equally require?
that a minority should submit to the exerem
of those powers, which have actually bcia
confided to the General Government. If
therefore, the doctrine of the nullifieirs is cor.
reef, that each party to the compact, enjoy?
perfect authority to determine for themselves
when it has been violated, and to select their
own mode and measure of redress for any sup
posed violation; it follows, that states in a mi
nority’ may have a right forcibly to resist an 1
act of the General Governmen , because they
consider it unconstitutional; while at the same
time, states in a majority’, may possess an equal
right to execute it by force, because thy be
lieve it cenforntabie to the. constitution. It is
manifest that a system like this permitting civ
il war to be waged between tlie members of
the same community, would be a burlesque oa
all regular government, and must eventuate in
a bloody farce—the ridicule and abhorenre of the
world.
Resolved, That when the federal govern-
metrt, by its abuses and usurpations of powers
not recognized by the constitution) tyranits
over a minority, and redress becomes uittrk
hopeless, through remonstrance or the opera
tion of the elective franchise, it becomes llte
t mm «nd tlic-rtut.y of the pnoplr, as an act of
reVolution, to throw off such go vi rnment, "nd
to provide new guards for their'future securi
ty.”
Resolved, That when tlie crisis referred to
in the preceding Resolution shall have occur
red, we will ourselves he prepared for separa
tion. But we would never assent to so mon-
an officer and a man. Into a general discus- S SSfe-w U * f® m °?I .P at " f nt . delit
sion oft lie tlenosiie Question, ho m;iv nnt ^ ,i lro 0l J! u c °n>ictton of t.s ini'
penous necessity. No human work is per-
sion of the depositc question, he may not con
sider himself now railed upon to outer. In the
mean time, he respectfully asks a suspension
of judgment, on the part of the public, upon the
points at issue between tlie President and him
self.
This card is delivered to each of the daily pa
pers in this city, With the hope that none will
efuse to give it currency.
November 20, 1833.
ing population that tradc, and will bemdnml re- ouskilldit vvi!1 seok Ute best andfceareu market
onotir coast, ifsiich an one isto.be found, lore
turn for these products, very extensive, supplies
are, and will continue to be brought up' these
rivers. Tire greater part of these products are
iow sent to Charleston aud New York, and our
goods purchased in the same markets. The’ad
vantages of all these trnnsactians might, in the
opinion of the Commissioners, be saved to Geor
ga, by a sea port of our owu—And wc arc con
filent that Brunswick bolds out tbo strongest in
dteements for such a saving of-our resources
•Cur capital might bo kept at home—our mcrch
n|ts might annually save large amounts of
fright, commissions, exchange, insurance, stor
rtge, travelling expences, and lime,—a very irn-
ptrtnnt item iu the account current Of every
nan of business. Tho merchant being enabled
tesave his expenditure, could afford to give bet-
to prices for produce, and sell their poods at
cfcaper rates, and on more accommodating
tents ; while the farmer and planter would b«
thi great gainers in the end. It would keen
malth at home, diffuse its comfort*mufe gener
al!}’. nml increase the revenues of our treasury
Tl«* merchant could obtain supplies of articles
jttd w hen there is a demand for them, and know
w lnn ho could calculate on recciviug them. He
ootid bring his poods into market much sootier
alia bo. bad made his purchase,'and of course
be trioner and better able to afford accommoda
tii.u to his customers.—Tbo price of our lauds
por and direct our energies aright. A our ( oiri- would be increased, and all our productions find
v in g front 20 to 21 feet bililyofbeing made impregnable to an enemy-
i.(peak in terms
of the
U 'i. .tryin ; depth of this
.J..i :.?.<! i- plh’of «a-
of Tur
in i i ■ in I
ur Commissioners n card them as of a very
v.ipi riur ord<r; and with tliis opinion, formed
irom accurate inspection and personal exami
ne h e, .vi* feci constrained to say, that it is
high: ■ “< dritable for the. State to render aid
opening Brunswick to ike interiorand
cl,is aid o^t.iit, for the benefit of the State and former, and oLtaiu iho latte* at the elueptst rate
loners can say. upon the solemn appeal they
have made, in submitting this report, that they do
not believe that there is in the Unite*: Stai s. so
small a w ork of internal improvement, as the
contemplated rail road, fraught with consequen
ces so important and so beneficial to the same
cxtoilt af country nr.d the same amount of active
and industrious popelntiott.
The first and must in portant inquiry for the
people of Georgia, is : : ,ive we, within our owu
State nu outli t for our immensely valuable pro-
ductious. and an it:let for the foreign necessaries
and laturies of life, thru may be made to vie with
the large sea por's i uther ■ t; ttu ? that n:nv
It us to in: n i • the ligl . / ] rius lor tire
a more ready market.
Such are: the facilities and advantages that
might, in the opinion of the commissioners, be
afforded to the people of Georgia, by opening
the port of Brunswick to iltu interior, bv con
necting it witlt the Alataniaha. This would in
time, induce further and more extensive im-
fuct. But tho Union of these States, ] re.-i ats
he noblest model of political liberty that wr.s
aver formed by the hands of wisdom and vir
tue. It protected the infancy of our nation;
it is rapidly conducting us to ’greatness and
renown, it lias covered the vast wilderness
with a hardy enterprising and happy |>opiila-
tion. It has spread our commerce over eve-
| ry sea. Its successful operation not only dif
fuses the innumerable blessings among* our-
t j selves, hut is, fit this moment, cheering the
hopes, and animating the exertions of the pis*
lantbropist in every region of the globe. AV i:o*
ever from interested or lignt and insufficient
motives, would destroy such a system, is aa
enemy of his spe-
From the Standard of Lhion.
UNION DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICAN
MEETING.
Representative Chamber.
AA r ED.\i:sDAY, 20th Nov. 1833.
At a meeting of the Union and Democratic I enemy of his country—tl
Republican party of the State of Georgia, com- cies. f It is iadeefl liable to corruptions; ana
posed of members of the Legislature and citi- against these, wo will guard with all our vic-
zons front all parts of the State, convened in dance, and contend with ail our strength. But
*he chamber of the House of Representatives > vu ' v!l1 never abandon it", while there remains
on Wednesday the20tbNovember 1833. On j a reasonable hope of maintaining" its purity;
m*tiun of General John Bates of Hall, Charles - st dl less will we consent that it shall be" sacri-
Eafon Hay ties Esq. of Hancock, took the J ficed to the revenge of dis.appointed ambition,
chair, (tiid Joseph Sturges Esq. of Upson, and or the fantastic schemes off visionary projeef-
Gcorge AV. Murray Esq. of Baldwin, were ap- | ors.
pointed Secretaries. I Resolved, That, in accordance with the
On motion of-General Thomas Glascock of principles stated in the foregoing Resolutions,
Richmond, resolved, That a committee con- I' ve shall follow, and forever maintain, the po-
sisting ol five, be appointed by the chair, to litical doctrines practiced by Mr. Jefferson iLt-
draught Resolutions expressive of the sense of ring his administration of the Executive Do
this meeting.—AVltere upon tlie chairmain ap- partment of the Federal Government, and as
pointed Gen. 1 iiotnns Glascock, ofRichntond, j developed by him, and given to the world, in
Biiomas S. Wayne Esq. of Chatham, Go!, his Messages to tho Congress of the United
George W. B. lownsol Ialbot, Col. Horace I fftaies, and in his correspondence with citi*
R. Ward of Camden, and Thomas Haynes I zens of all countries.
Esq. of Hancock, who subsequently presented Resolved, Tim-, convinced of the perfect
the iollowing preamble and Resolutions. I harmony existing between tho political doc-
The Union DeniocreiticRi ; publicans or Geor- [trines of Mr. Jefferson, and the political doc-
gia, hitherto separated by the distinctions of trines of Mr. Madison, as contained in the Vir-
local party, laying down all former prejudices gtnia Resolutions, we shall also follow,'and for-
tud jealousies, as a sacrifice on the-altar of ever maintain the doctrines of Mr. Madison, as
heir country, have become united in a single expounded by himself, and not as expounded
body, tor the maintenance of those principles by political schemers, who presumptuously
which they deem essential to the public wel- pretend to construe those Resolutions belter
1 he rights of the individual States and J.than their Author,
of the confederacy, are both dear to us—both lit solved, That in condemning tho
like sacred—and both we will iealmuffy sup- | dings of the Hartford Contention, th;
pert with our utmost ability,
lotnent, our institutions are
aerd by the wild heresy of
ich some without disguise, and others
At the pres;;;
especially men
nullification, ti
unde.
e covert of various pretexts, are endeavor
s' to subujgate the state.
Tho countenance given to that melanriiolv
*hioh was, a separate
with t!u- enemy against
tlie United -States were
tlie most essential r iM*w
proTtfments. Trade might, in time, he brought error, has done more to shake the cenfidenc.
iront the isthmus of Florida, from Tennessee, 1 of the world in republican government, than all
Kentucky'.and Ohio— lor the northern roads other unterwafd occurrences in our history fo
und canals are chained by tlie ice in winter, gothcr. But its influence has been peciiliar-
and the dangers of navigating the Gulf ol Mcxi- K disastrous to the very people, W on! profrs-
co; render an eligible and accessible pore on sedly it was intended to serve. Its most zeai-
the Atlantic, lar preferable to any <yi the | ous advocates, appear to hare hoped, under
procec-
: object
pi ace and alliance
idiom the people
then contending for
of independent
ions, we must equally condemn the pmcecd-
•ngs of all other conventions which ate calcu
lated to produce collision between tho States
and tlie General Government and which tend
directly to disunion among the States to civil
war or to dependences or some foreign power.
Resilved, Thai, vve view the comproinbc
act ol the last session if congress, as the re
sult of a political combination, without rc*
gard to the interests of the people; aud ttmt