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By Joseph Cltsby.
aminotlj (i(!lfd;ln
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ADVERTISING.—The columns of the Telxgrafii
show the great importance of the paper as an advertis
lnj*medium in Middle Georgia. The price of Advertise
meats is one dollar per square of an inch In length of
' column for the first publication, and half that amount
tor all subsequent publications. Yearly contracts made
at a reduction^frora these rates.
tne Telegraph. -
Scicn/flana Jurcntion,
collapsing of boiler flees.
Explosions from the collapse of Sues are
not unfrequent; and the fact that numerous
boilers arc now in use which arc dangerously
weak in this respect, may render the following
Statement useful: In the first place, the re
sistance of cylindrical flues to collapso from ex
ternal pressure carries in the inverse ratio of
thciT lengths, that is a tube—in the position of
a boiler flue—ten feet long, will resist three
times the pressure of one thirty feet long, the
diameters and thickness of plates being the
same. This law, or fact, has only but recently
been arrived at by direct experiment, and has
made known the souree-of danger in many ex
isting structures. There is a simple remedy,
however, which is inexpensive in its applica
tion, and which may be used in existing
boilers with great advantage. _This* is, to
take two pieces of angle iron, say four inches
by throe-eights—or Tiroh-o! equal strength;
these art to be joined into hoops, and the hoops
riveted, at distances of eight or, ten feet; to the
external surface of the flues. In a holler of
which.the flue is. thirty feet long, the introduc
tion of two of these hoops will increase its pow
er of resistance tbrco-fold. Of course, in the
construction of the boiler, it is essential that the
iron be of die very best quality in all cases.
GAS METERS _ '
For tho measuring of gas;, two kinds of me
ters arc commonly used. One of these is that
in which a sort of revolving bucket-wheel, mov
ing partly in water, receives its motion direct
ly from the gas and measures off the gas in the
buckets as it revolves, recording the quantity on
a Bet of summing-up dials'; the other uses no
water, but measures the gas itseir in some suit
able chambers worked so as to receive and dis
charge the gas, the quantity to be recorded as
in the other kind. . The wet gas meter is con
sidered objectio^d«v b-ooaus* m
summer and f^^s in winter. The dry gas
meter is free from these objections, though lia
ble to other serious ones, in the common form
Bunsen's experiments, the arrangement for
burning the wire was made by connecting spools
of it with rollers moved by clock-work, so that
the wire should be unrolled like the ribbon of
paper in Morse’s telegraph ; the end of the wire
thus pushed forward passed into the flame of
an ordinary alcohol lamp, where it took fire.
It is evident that a magnesium lamp of this
sort must be more simple than any of the ex
isting arrangements of the electrical or of
Drummond’s light, for liglit-houscs, Ac. Where
an extraordinary amount of light is needed, it
could readily be produced by burning large
wires or several thin ones at the same time.—
Tho photographical effect of the magnesium
light is said tb be unrivalled by any other arti
ficial flame, and with it photographic artists
may be able to take pictures by night nearly as
well as by daylight. The present high price
of the metal magnesium, however, prevents its
use for common purposes. -
rnVSICAL CONSTITUTION OP THE CNIYKHSE.
The galaxy or milky way, has long been con
sidered by astronomers, as a broad zone ofl ight
which stretches across the sky from horizon to
horizon, encircling the whole sphere and main
taining the same position relatively to the stars.
Examined through a powerful telescope, it is
found to consist entirely of stars, scattered bi
millions, on the back ground of the heavens.
The fixed stars all move about some fixed
point in immense orbits, which it wdl take mil
lions of years for them to complete. Shining
by their own light'and not by reflection, they
are suns, and are probably each the centre of a
system of its own. Varying .in size and situ
ated at different distance' ln>:n Ht tile > t a r ' are
not all of tho same brilliancy. They are there
fore divided into about twenty classes accord
ing to their brightness, and distinguished as.
stars of the first magnitude, second magnitude,
Ac. The stars of the first six magnitudes are
visible to the naked eye; tho rest are called tel
escopic stars,' because seen only with the tele
scope. There are about twenty-four stars
of the first magnitude,' fifty of the second
and two hundred of the third; butthe number
in the lower classes increase so rapidly as to be
almost beyond enumeration. The whole num
ber of the constellations, or groups is ninety-
three, ‘ *• ‘ " *
The nebute clusters of stars are so distant
that they look like faint patches of cloud hardly
disceriiablo in the sky. They vary in shape,
and arc seen in diiTcrent quarters of the
heavens. Lord Kosse’s great telescope resolves
some of the nebulas into individual stars; it
makes others appear bright, but not sufficient
ly so to be separated into the stars that com
pose them; and it calls up'from the depths of
space others which appear as faint even to its
mighty magnifying power as those which it re
solves appear to tl/c unaided eye. Tho milky
way is itself one of these nebula:, more distinct
than the others because nearer to us. The
size or several of-the fixed stars natfVOTp calcu
lated approximately. Their diameters are
found to be enormous, in one case not less than
two hundred millions oi miles. - Sirius, if sot in
the plawrof our Sun, would look one hundred
and twenty-five times larger than the latter,
and give ns one hundred and twenty-five times
Tho Bottom railing: Out in Kentucky.
From tlio tenor of the Washington despatch-,
es to the New York prints, we should judge
Kentucky had gone over to the North", body
and breeches, and is more likely to stand “side
by side ” witb Vermont and Massachusetts,
than with her sisters of the South. We hope,
however, th6 Washington free soilers arc a lit
tle too fast in their hopes of Kentucky :—
There is great rejoicing in consequence of the
receipt of a despatch from Mr. Garrard, Treas
urer of Kentucky, announcing that the Legisla
ture of that State has decided against calling a
convention, which has been urged only by the
secessionists. This is considered equivalent to
a declaration against disunion. TLo Onion
men here from Kentucky and other border
States, especially from Maryland, are.congratu-'
lating each other at the noble stand taken by
Kentucky, while" uie disunior.ists appear very
much chagrined. * ' ,
A letter received from F«ankforf, Ky., to-
night^says the Legislature passed a resolution
authorizing the display of the National flag up-
„ •" the State House, and the Bring of thirty-
Unfon, it is "her right "to go,’‘and’l will'neitber thrce S unsin tlwhonor of theUnion. Theflag
• .. u c ’ . ireu run tv«-» nnfl o onmmit too trnfi
of dry meter. ’ . / _ -
The frequent coriation of registry m the dry
gas meter is occasioned by .the lifting
valve from the seat by solid matter which accu- ^ mnc h light Though trillions of miles dis-
mulates on the valve cover or on the valve seat
This solid deposit from the gas is constantly
deposited along the same path, and constantly
increasing, unless it is removed. ~ |
To overcome
tant, as it is, it dazzles the eye when Seen
through a powerful telescope. ’•• •
From all the fact' that appear, it may be con
cluded that the universe consists of a vast num-
this difficulty with the "drygas meters, the fol-1 t, er 0 f distinct clusters of worlds, separated
lowing plan has been devised:
A peculiar kind of routing valve is employ
ed, having its surface broken by sharp edges at
the circumference* and which removes the de
posit so that the valve surface is left clean, and
the valve does not leak. The valve cover is ^ch composed of many different systems,
made to rotate in a constant plane by means olj
from-each other by immense intervals; that the
fixed stars, the milky way, our sun and its sys
tem, form one of- these clusters; and that the
various •nebulas constitute other clusters, fainter
or brighter according to their distance from us,
an independent carriage, so that the valve is
always in its proper position. Attached to the
meter are three drip-pipes, which prevent the
accumulation of any moisture within the me
ter.
ornamental iron manufactures.
The extent to which iron is now employed
is not generally known. Formerly truss-beams
and girders were made of wood and were finish
ed vrith stucco on the surface—now they are
made of coat iron, with wrought iron tension
rods, and they are finished, ornamented and all,
in their own material, except the painting.—
They are, of course, of in outparably greater
strength than the wooden ones. Shutters and
doors arc also made of iron, and the doors are
finished in the richest style of panelling and
carving at a small advance upon the cost of tho
iron. These shutters and doors, besides being
ornamental, aro fire and burglar proof.
Lintels and aills of windows, of most elegant
designs, are cast cither completely ornamented,
or witb suiUble provisions for receiving the or-
namcnls, which are riveted on afterwards.—
Whole cnlablnturca, arches, chimncy-lops and
cornices, are cast at one operation. Windla
os, capstones, mooring hitts, and other ship
nachriery, come within the range of this kind
of man ifacturc.
TtO fi »cr specimens of iron founding involvo
greater sk 11. The sand has to be pressed be
tween roue 's to crush all lumpe, and is then
sifted to insure uniform fineness. The richly
or delicately carved patterns are first made in
wood, and from this a sand mould is made in
which a soft metal original is obtained I this is
next chased up, and another sand mould is got,
from which an iron casting is in turn obtained.
After six or eight tr nls, an iron pattern is gen
erally obtained, correct for future U3e, and then
an unlimited number of copies can be produced.
By this means, tho beautiful forms ol cast iron
railings for verandahs, stairs, fences, etc., are
produced. — '
MAGNESIUM AS A SOURCE OF 1-lonT.
Magnesium is a metal which readily takes
fire in the flame of a common spirit lamp, and
gives out a most brilliant light. Compared with
an ordinary candle, a wire of magnesium, only
0.0117 of an inch in diameter, produces as much
] j g ht a- ,'eventy-four sperm candles, at the rate
o(5 to the pound. In order to support this light
for one minute, a piece of wire, thirty-nine
inches long, weighing 1.85 grains, is required.
About two and one half ounces of magnesium,
therefore, would be required in order to main
tain a light for ten hours equal to seventy-four
stearine candles, consuming three "hundred and
twenty ounces of stearine. Magnesium wire
is said to be made by forcing the metal through
a hot steel die, by means of a steel piston. In
MACON, THURSDAY, 3 O'CLOCK, P. M., JANUARY Si 18fit
the States are sovereign. There was a time
when none denied it. I hope the time may
come again, when r a better comprehension of
the theory of our Government, and the inalien
able rights of the people of the States, will
prevent any one from denying that each State
is a sovereign, and thus may reclaim the grants
which it has made to any agent whomsoevar.
I therefore say I concur in the action of the
people of Mississppi, believing it to be neces
sary and proper, and should have been bound
bv their action if my belief had been other
wise ; and this brings me to the important
point which I wish on this last occasion, to pre
sent to the Senate. It is by this confounding
of nullification and secession that the name of
of a great man, whose ashes nov.- mingle with
his mother earth, has been invoked to justify
coercion against a • seceded State. The’phrase,
to execute the laws,” was an expression
which Gen. Jackson applied to the case of a
State .refusing to obey the laws while yet a
member of the Union. That is not the* case
which is now presented. The laws are to be
executed over the United States, and upon the
people of the United States. They have no re
lation to any foreign country. It* is a perver
sion of terms, at least it is a great misappre
hension of the case, which cites that expression
for application to a State which lias withdrawn
from the Union. You may make war on a for
eign State. If it be the purpose of gentlemen,
they may make war against a State which has
withdrawn from the I'niun: but, then-arc im
laws of the United States to be executed with
in the limits of a seceded State.. AState find
ing herself in the condition in which Mississip
pi has judged she is, in which her safety re
quires that she should provide for the mainte
nance of her rights out of the Union, surren
ders all the benefits, (and they are known to be
many) deprives herself of the advantages, (they
are known to be great,) severs all the tics of
affection, (and they aro close and enduring,)
which have bound her to .the Union ; and thus
divesting herself of every benefit, taking upon
herself .every burden, she claims to bo exempt
from any power to execute the laws of tho Uni
ted States within her limits. ■ - * .
I well remember an occasion when . Massa
chusetts was arraigned before the bar of the
Senate, and when the doctrine of coercion was
rife and to be applied against her because of
the rescue of a fugitive slave in Boston. My
opinion then was the same it is now. Notih a
spirit of egotism, but to show* that I am not in
fluenced in my opinion because the casp is my
own, I refer to that time and that occasion as
containing tiie Opinion which I then entertain
ed and on which my present conduct is based
I then said if Massachusetts, following her
through a stated line of conduct, chooses to
lake the last step which separates her from the
THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 31.
SPIn order to make room for the proceed
ings of the Georgia Convention and other in
teresting matter, wp have been forced to delay
the conclusion of “Caspar Hauser” .until our
next issue.
ATTENTION. -*
Attention is called to the new advertisement
of J. W. Burke, Agt. Methodist Book Deposi
tory. Qur Military friends will observe that
“ Gilham’s Manuel for Volunteers,” is on hand
by Mr. Burke,
DISCHARGED.
Simon, the negro hoy, who has been in du
rance vile for the past two weeks, was liberated
on a writ of habeas carpus, and stood his trial
for another offence, of which he was proven not
guilty. Col. Lochrano conducted the defence.
The Palmetto Flag.—The Mercury of last
Tuesday says tr.a Legislature last night again
altered the design of the State flag, It now con
sists of a blue field, with a white Palmetto tree
in the middle, upright. The white crescent in
ihe upper flag staff corner remains as before,
tho horns pointing upward. This may be re
garded as final. ‘ ‘ '
vote one dollar nor one man to coerce htr back,
but will say 'to her, Gmil speed, in memory-of
the kind associations which once existed be-,
tween her and he other States.
It has been a conviction of pressing neCessi
ty, it bos been a belief that we arc to be deprived
in the Union of the rights which our'fathers
rec and equal, and this made the basis of an
atta kupon her social institutions; and the sa
cred Declaration of Independence has been in
voked to maintain the position of the equality
•■1" the- race'. That I forlarctimi of In.k-p-ud
aaTiftiyi&s
munities were declaring their independence ;
the people of those communities were asserting
was run up, and a committee was appointed to
call upon Gov. Magoffin to obtain- his authority
for using a cannon. lie refused. The Union
men then notified him that if he refused the use
of the cannon they would take it. The Govern-,
or then assented, and tho salute was fired amid
the greatest enthusiasm of the people. 'J
bequeathed-to & which has brought "Missis- Crittenden a. id the ,N • 1 1 ■••
sippi into her present decision. ShS has hoard b ^ -r ? of lhe . “ onae °, f Representatives,Rave jotn-
roclaiined the theory that all men are created cJ i, ‘ a S***** 0 " *» U, ° Legislature<>r that.State,
1 ^ — - recommending thCktppoiDtment of. commission
ers to meet in this city similar representatives
from other States. .
England to acknowledge Southern Snde-
pen^enco^ . __
da%> ago in referette ' ;■> ' lateuient of l :He
Toronto. Leader, that IJngTand would acknow-
that no man was boro, to use the language of ^eifcwthe independence of tho Southern Con-
\ f n Anil r vi iIa AtvAl*
[From ttnTHStTOPWRq
Council OUR Washington despatches.
Council Chamber, January 29,1861. t . ’’ ashington, January 28.—-The sudden sail-
J iflff of tho rorvotto. Tirfntl u n with trnni'e f«*v Pirn
Present—The Mayor—Aldermen Boifeuillct,
Rogers! Grier, Jones, Goodall, Driggers and
Granniss.
Absent—Aid. Harris.
The minutes of the las: meeting were read
and confirmed. if **
The Bridge Keeper reported tolls $130.00.
The Clerk of Market reported fees $11,45.
The Guard House Keeper reported fees 5.00.,
Bills passed.—Rich. Brinn, 2095.73 ;• Asher
Ayres, 10.00; A. Richards, 12S.00; Hardeman
& Griffin, 87.83; II. N. Kfc & Co., 51.75 ; A.
Powell, 45.00; A. Brydie, $0.
On motion Aid. Goodall—
Resolved, That the contract made with the
Gas Company for lighting the city lamps for
the present year, for the'sum of $300 be con
firmed; payments for the same to be made
monthly. Passed.
Grier & Mastcrson’s petition for the privil
ege of covering their mule trough with a wood
en shed, on lot 5, square IS, was received and
referred to the Committee on Fire Department
Petition from the Minute Me for an appro-
priation to assist in the purchase of an. uniform,
was rtccived and referred to the Finance Com
mittee.' ‘ T ' • • »
On motion Aldt Rogers—
Resolved, That his Honor, the Mayor,'be au
thorized to vote and represent the stock held by
the city iii the Macon it Brunswick Railroad
Company, at their annual meeting to be held on
the 4th day of February next. Passed.
Bills referred—Grier & Masterson,- Little,
Smith i Co„ L. F. W. Andrews, J. E. Wells,
and D. C. Hodgkins Jb Son. ' " ■
Council then adjourned.
. JtiCH. GUM), C- 04 i
^
Volume XXXV.—No. 18
of the corvette Broolyn with troops for Pen
sacola, continues to be the prevailing topic of
conversation. Everybody now is convinced
that the Administration is striving to play a
double game. A collision at. Fort Ptcken
houriy anticipated here.
Ex-President Tvlkk and Senator Crittenden
held a long interview this morning. Both are
indignant at the act of the President in send
ing a war steamer South, in violation of his
solemn pledge to maintain the status quo.
Mr. Tyler is anxiously awaiting dispatches
from Judge Robertson. He will be detained
here until to morrow.
Senator Douglas intends introducing an
amendment to the Constitution, simply depriv
ing Congress of all power on the subject of
slavery. He thinks this is the only chance of
conciliation. A number of Senator! have signi
fied their willingness to give their support tq
this measure.
The Chicago and Milwaukee Boards of Trade,
to the number of a hundred, arrived here this
morning. . j.
rarewell Spcoch of Hon- Jeff- Davis
Mr. Davis.—1 rise, Mj .President, for the pur
pose of announcing to ihe Senate that I have
satisfactory evidence that the State of Minis
sippi, by a solemn ordinance of her people in
Convention assembled, has declared her separ
ation from the United States. Under these cir
cumstances, of course my functions are termi
nated here. It has seemed to me proper, how
ever, that I should appear in the Senate to an
nounce that (act to my associates, and I will
say but very little more. The occasion does not
invite tne to go into argument; and my physi
cal condition would not permit me to do so if
it were otherwise; and yet it seems to become
me to say something on the part of the State I
here represent on an occasion so solemn as
this. ' V * ’ ■ --
U is known to Senators who have served with
me here, that I have for many years advocated
as an essential attribute of State sovereignty,
the right of a State to secede from the Union.
Therefore, If I had not believed there was justi
fiable causo; if I had thought that Mississipp,
was acting without sufficient provocation, or
without an existing necessity, I should still,
under mv theory <>!' die Government, because
of my allegiance to the State of which I am a
citizen, have been bound by her action. It
however, may be permitted to say that I do
think she has justifiable cause, and I approve
of her act. I conferred with her people before
that act was taken, counselled them then, that
if the state of things which they • apprehend
should exist.when the Convention met, they
should take the action which they have now
adopted. ' * v ; Y" ,
I hope none who hear me will confound this
expression of mine with the advocacy of the
right of a State to remain in the Union, and to
disregard its constitutional obligations by the
nullification of the law. Such is not my theo
ry. Nullification and secession, so often con
founded, are indeed antagonistic principles.—
Nullification is a remedy which it is sought to
apply within the Union, and against the agent
of the Slates. It is only to be justified when
the agent has violated his constitutional obliga
tions, and a State, assuming to judge for itself,
denies- the right of the agent thus to act, anil
appeals to the other States of the Union for a
decision ; but when the States themselves, and
when the people of the States, have so acted as
to convince us that they will not regard our
constitutional rights, then, and then for the
first time, arises the doctrine of secession in its
practical application.
A great man, who now reposes with his fa
thers, and who has been often arraigned for a
want of fealty to tho Union, advocated the doc
trine of nullification because it preserved the
Union. It was because of his deep-seated at
tachment to theUnion; his determination to
find some remedy for existing ills short of a se
verance of the ties which bound South Caroli
na to the other States, that Mr. Calhoun advo
cated the doctrine of nullification, which he
proclaimed to be peai-eful; to , be within the
limits of State power,' not to disturb the Union,
but only to be ft means ot bringing the agent
before the tribunal of the States lor thetr judg-
Secession belongs to a different class of rem
edies. It is to be justified upon -the basis that
Mr. Jefferson, booted and spurred to ride over
tbc rest of nulnkjnd; that. pj«n * were, created
equal—meaning the man of a political com:
munity ; that there was nodivine right tortile;
that no man inherited the right to govern; tliat
there no classes by which power and place de
scended to families ; but that all stations were
equally within the grasp of each member of
Die body politic. * - -
These were the great principles they an
nounced ; these were the purposes for which
they made their declaration; these were the
ends to which their enunciation was directed.
They have no reference to the slave; else, how
happened it that among the items of arraign
ment made against George ITT, was that he cn-
deavord to do just what tho North has been en
deavoring of late to do, to stir up insurrection
among our slaves ? Had the declaration an
nounced that the negroes were free and equal,
how was the Prince to be arraigned for stirring
up insurrection among them*- And how was
this to be enumerated among tho high crimes
which caused the colonies to sever their con
nection with the mother country ? When our
Constitution was formed, the same idea was
rendered more palpable, for there we find pro
vision made for that very class of persons as
property; they were not pnt upon the footing
of equality with white imn—not even upon
that of paupers and convicts; but, so far as
representation was concerned, were discrimi
nated against as a lower ca.'tc, only to be rep
resented in the numerical pi"[> u-tum of tlin-e
fifths. -*•>. ,|
Then, Senators, we recur to the compact
which binds us together; we recur to the prin
ciples upon which our Government was foundt
ed; and when you deny them, and when you
deny to us the right to withdraw from a Gov
ernmont which, thus perverted, threatens to be
destructive of our rights, but we tread in the
path of our fathers when we proclaim onr inde
pendence, and take the hazard This is done
not iii hostility to others, not to injure any sec
tion of the Country, not even for our own pe
cuniary benefit; but from the high and solemn
motive of defending and protecting tho rights
we inherited, and which it is our sacred duty
to transmit unshorn to our children.
I find in myself, perhaps, a type of tho gene
ral feeling of my constituents towards yours.—
1 am sure there is not one of you, whatever
sharp discussion there may have been between
us, to whom I cannot now say, in the presence
of my God, I wish you well; and such, I am
sure, is the feeling of the people whom I rep
resent tow rds whom you represent I there
fore feel that 1 but express tlicir desire when 1
say I hope, and they hope, for peaceful rela
tions with you, though wa must part. They
may be mutually beneficial to -us in the future,
as they have been in the past, ji you so will it
l he reverse may bring disaster on every por
tion of the country; and if you will have it
thus, we will invoke the God of our fathers,
who delivered them from the power of the lion,
to protect us from the ravages of the bear; and
thus, putting our trust in God and in our own
firm hearts and strong arms, wc will vindicate
fedoracy, is entitled to more consideration than
we gave! to ii The ’ “Toronto Leader” Is the
Government paper, and makes the announce?
ment in the most positive terms, as.information
in which it is in position to impart. The New
York Herald says :—
Tiie information has probably come direct
iron {be English government; In'reply' to o-
question put by the Canadian - government,
which would be naturally anxious to know what
part itselfshould play in the event of a disrup
tion of our confederacy. The answer is that
Great Britain will recognise the independence
of the Southern Union.
Tin's was foreshadowed in Lord Palmerston’s
speech, jvhlch wc published yesterday, and
any one at all conversant with t c history of
the British Government tight liavfc safely ar
rived at that conclusion long ago. It is a gov
ernment whose prosperity is founded on trade,
and it would sell all the abolitionists' of Exeter
Hall and . New England together for its com
mercial interests. The rampant republicans
who, in refusing to make concessions depended
upon the support of the English government to
aid them ill the coercion of tho South, on ac
count'd the anti-slavery sentiment of the Eng
lish people, will now find themselves as much
disappointed as they may hereafter be in tho
expected insuirection of the slaves. The Eng
lish government never yet acted against its
own interests for a sentiment. It did not fore
see, the disastrous effects of its abolition of no-
gro slavery in the West Indies; but it is well
known that if tliat measure could now be only
undone, it would never bo carried in the British
Parliament As to any moral or religious scru
ple about slavery operating in favor ol the
North with the British government," the idea Is
ridiculous. The British government, for gain,
encouraged and protected the worship of the
idol Juggemaunt in India, while thousands of
votaries were.crushed beneath the wheels; and
it has friendly relations at this moment with
the slave empire of Brazil.
The interests of the British govori'mcnt all
lie in the Southern States. There is the cptton
upon whose manufacture so many of the Eng
lish population depend for their lives; and
there Great Britain will find her best consumers
for those articles as well as her other manufac-
tureSj'which will probably be admitted duty
free. Here is the immense bribe held out to the
English government, whose conscience is to'bc
found in their pockets ; and it is a sufficient
reason why it should intimate even now that it
will not permit the North to wage war upon
tho Southern States merely for asserting their
independence.
Catiiouc Citizens.-—In copying from the
Mifcellaneiy of this city, a report of the organi:
zation of the Hibernian Guard- (exempt mem-,
bers of the Irish Volunteers) the New Orleans
Catholic Standard adds:
Our Charleston brother is not sdone in the
satisfaction he feels at -the loyalty-of the Catho
lic Celts to their qdopted State. Wc are proud
i; ]4aLK. «>.» i.vturr* mr our
libernian friends. A very large majority <>f
what is stiied the Irish- vote in this city, was cast
for the secession ticket. Precints where the
Irish formerly testified their devotion to the
Union, by heavy majorities for ti e so' called
Union ticket, gave in the recent election cither
majorities for secession or reduced the co-oper
ation majority to a mere trifle. We are proud
Ui say tint 'iii- > nut only t: le "fth Ci It in
partic'ular, but of our entire Catholfc popula
tion, a very large majority of whom voted the
-ii tick'-t. 111" practical t.’atlioli ■-, prob
ably nineteen out of every twenty who voted
gave it their support. Religion of course, was
not directly involved in the quest Ton, but it is
quite impossible tcKdisseve-r patriotism from rc-
figion in the Catholic heart. That is a Union
which cannot' be dissolved. Even the way
ward Catholic youth whose 'passions have led
him astray from'the house of his Father, and
V. ho lias lor year' neglecti d his lor ns 1 entity,
cannot have his patriotism aroused-without at
once burning with reawakened love and duty to
his souls true home We cannot"congpive such
■ impossibility in a Catholic heart in which
Palriotisin and Religi' n do lmt throb together.
Like the Hibernians in ' Charleston, their
were'paTUzans oT '.'Tr. Wnuiliis, Imv ■ organized
military Companies, not for mere pastime, but
for work, and are ready for the struggle when
ever "the arrogant North shall presume to force
it upon us.—Charleston Courier'. . ..
J-jT" A largo war steamer was'seen-off tho
entrance of our harbor on Saturday afternoon.
At do.'k she showed signals and stood off to
southward. It fe-surmised that she Is still hov
ering about tho neighboring coa> t. .
■ A negro lust night came to this city and sta
ted that about ten o’clock yesterday morning,
a rM brig was seen near Church Flats, Stono.
There were about twenty men on board, but
they carried "ho arms and were without uniform.
No great stress is laid upon the fact fat well in
formed Circles, although, it gave rise to a - good
deal of talk upon the streets last night.
Shipment of Rifled Cannon for Charleston-
Commercial Intelligence-
Stir York, January 28.—A Liverpool pa
per notices the shipment of twenty rifled can
nons for Charleston. Neither the name of the
vessel nor the dates of the shipment, however,
Cotton is | a Jd higher. .The sales here to
day were 7000 bales. The market decidedly
firmer.
TEXAS tEGISLATURE. •
New Orleans, Jan. 29.—We have received
"Austin dates to the 22d inst. The Texas Leg
islature met Tho Governor’s message was
read ; it favors calling a convention.
The'Houae took up and passed the Senate’s
bill directing the Comptroller to proceed to
Washington and collect what was due the State
of Texas.
A resolution was unanimously passed dcclar-
irio that ll.n L’.-l —l ‘.I ■ ■■■■■■ lull HUI.gUC
to coerce a sovereign State, after pronouncing
her separation. . .. •« l • i~. ■ . -
The Senate passed the above resolution by a
similar vote. •..- ^
The Legislature favors immediate secession
by a majority of three to one. l "
- . 1K lit)HEMIAN.
Portland, Jan. 30.—The BohemianTfas atN-
rived with dates to the 17tli.
Sales of cotton for the week 132,000, of which
speculators took 36,000, and exporters took 20,-
'•■'
■ Last steamer’s news caused an advance in
the market.
Fair and Middlings advanced an-Ja-j-. Low- •
cr qualities advanced common grades scarce.
Sales on Friday reached 20,000 bales, of
which speculators took 10,000. Market closed
active and buoyant.
dreadstitfs. J
The market closed quiet and steady. Pro-
visions dull.
London Money Market.—Consols were quo
ted from 91-g- a 91 j-.
ADDITIONAL BY THE BOHEMIAN.
‘cotton market.
Fair Orleans..;-. ..Sd Mid! Orleans...
“ Mobiles...-. -7*4 Mid.. Mobiles 74
«*■ n -' ■»- TSA Hf.-A IT_1
North Caiioliaks in the Statb Service."—"
Wc learn that Jlaj. W. II. Anthony and Capt
Jacob Iliggs have resigned their commissions,
and W. C. Baynard, of Bluffton, -for. Ca., his
position at tljc Military Institute^ Timothy
Ilall. Caftersville, Baltimore county, Md.; and
desiring to volunteer their "services to the sov
ereign State of South Carolina, have applied for
and received membership in the Palmetto
Guard,- now on duty at Exterior Post.No. 1,
lioaWMiiratL., —-j- .* j -
LOUISIANA.
Baton Rouge, Jan. 29.—The House resolu
tion, instructing the Senators and Rcprcsenta-'
tives iirCongress to^ vacate "their, seats and re
turn home, was adopted.
The Senate’s resolutions in favor of Die right
of secession, and declaring that any attempt to
coerce her sister Southern States into the Union
coming from whatever quarter it may, will be
regarded by Louisiana as a hostile act, was
passed. ’'•? * 'C
Washington, Jan. 28.—the rumor current
here to-day that Fort Pickens had been taken by
the Southern forces, created quite astir among
the Abolitionists. •* ' . -
The presentation of the Boston memorial to-
sfila oT*t1io"U , ous""7lK'’'.V'rolu.7oiiists 1 oLjectctl to
its being printed.
Lincoln has written private letters here, urg
ing conciliation and compromise. He indicates
that the border State resolutions otter a reason
able basis of adjustment. Immediately after
the electoral votes are counted by. Congress,
he will announce his views fully on the crisis.
In the Senate to-day, Mr. Douglas introduc
ed an "amendment to the fugitive' slave law,
which, when considered, will, lie say.-, thorough
ly and effectually obviate *P the objections to
the present statutes.
Senators Slidell and Benjamin, of Louisiana,
take no active part in tho proceedings. They
are awaiting the. official announcement of ihe
secession of their State, to resign.
Secretary Dix has instructed the command
ers of revenue cutters, if attacked, to uiako the
best possible defence 1 ; but. if overpowered, to
fun the vessels ashore and blow their, up. *
lie has also applied i" the Governor of l.ou-
isiana in behalf of the patients, to rctioke the.
act seizing the Government hospital. He de
nounces the seizure as “ barbarous and dis
graceful.” ■' ® - -j
TROUBLE WITH THE.NEGROES.
The New Albany (Ind.) Ledger says that
several negroes have attempted to take pas
sage on the Louisville, New Albany, and Chi
cago railroad, recently, for the North, but have
been denied the privilege of tiding over the
road. It is almost impossible for-the officers
of the road to be certain whether negrors ap
plying are free or bond. They exhibit freo
passes but it is impossible to discriminate
betwien genuine and bogus passes.
From tho same paper wo learn that free ne
groes aro flocking to that place and State.—
They can be seen on nearly every street corner
and have no Visible means of earning a liveli
hood. This sudden influx of free negroes is
.thcresult'of the recent stringent law enacted by
the Kentucky Legislature. If ali the Southern
States would imitate the example, the non slave
holding States generally, would soon have a
surfeit of the “rock” on which the have caused
the Union tq “split.” . [
Somebody lias said that Major Ander
son is at heart a secessionist. The following
letter, which we find going the rounds of North
ern papers, tells a different story :
Fort Sumter, Jan. 5tli.
Permit me to express the gratification your
Union loving sentiments have given me. The
time is at hand when all who love the glorious
l)n rig ii t as best we may. . , 1 Union! under whose flag the country has won
In the course of my service here, associated |- fhp , inn „-or1d dmlUl.nw
at different times with a great variety ol Sena
tors, l sec now around me some with whom 1
have served l >ng; there have been points of
collision, but whatever of offence there has
the admiration of the civilized world, shall show
themselves good and true men. Our fellow-
countrymen in this region have decided to raise
another flag. I trust in God tliat wisdom and
. iii r ; forbearance may be given by Him to our ru-
been to me, I eave here ;I & irry with me no , £ n(J (h| , t ^ sc ° eranc( / lmy not be ‘ ce-
hostilc remembrance W hatever offence I have , ft w d ,
given which has not been redressed, or lor Kcgretting thatit wi „ notbe permitted me to
which satisfaction has not been demanded, | ^ ^ thc 20(1])
1 am sincerely yours
(Signed) ROBERT ANDERSON,
Major United States Army.
Charleston Mercury.
-Uotton Convention.—On the 13th of Feb
I have, senators, in this hour of our parting, to j
offer you my apology for any pain which, in ‘
the heat of discussion, I have inflicted. I go '
nonce unencumbered of the reiueinberancc of
any injury received, and having discharged the
duty of making the only reparation in my,
power for any injury offered. (. .
Mr. President, and Senators, having made ruary a convention of those interested in the
the announcement which the occasion seemed development of thc cotton spinning industry of
to me to require, it only remains for me to bid , the .South, will be held at Atlanta, Ga. The
you a final adieu. , object of the convention is to secure such con-
Gooue Trade to hi; Rescued.—It is stated ; cert of action as will enable the South to export
that, by the new treaty between China, Eng-; spun cotton to France, Spain, Belgium, Swit-
land, and France, the system of coolie emigra-] zerland, Germany and Russia.—Atlanta Intil-
tion is to be duly authorised. ligenee\
THE SEIZURE OF SOUTHERN ARMS.
Thc Express says:—‘ «!f{ J
"NVo plunge into civil strife,—insensibly, un
consciously. Thus thc proposal in Washing
ton to cut off the South from Letters and News
papers, is to cut the only bond, now connect
ing us, with thc Gulf States, ar.d the Uniot
sentiment there, the bond of news, and of intel-
igence, and of private interchange of sentiment
and feeling. All such acts, arc acts, of course,
on the very borders of civil War. Communica
tion between foreign nations ever goes on, till
actually' shut off by the clash of arms. So,
too, the seizure of arms here for tho Southern
market, by our City Police, is an act of war—
it may be the prudence of foresight, but not
the less an act of war. The Georgians remon
strate, and threaten retaliation. (Sec card from
thc steamer line office, elsewhere, i The “Cou
rier” laughs and sneers at such remonsti ances,
and so adds fuel to tlrat flame. >. -
Uplands ..7$d. Mid. Uplands.... ,7*d
Stock on Hand.—Five hundred and twenty
thousand bales, of which there is three hundred
and sixty-five thousand bales American.^
Breadstuff’s.—Wheat declining but the market
opened easier and closed unchanged.
London Money Market.—Friday noon. Con
sols ninety-one and three-eights to ninety-one
and five-eights on account-
■ - - ,■*-STILL LATER.
Portland, . Jan. 30.—It is expected that
France will issue a decree, if Piedmont makes'
war on Austria, that she need not expect any
French assistance. . - .
Great military preparations aro progressing,
a nd a strict neutrality is kept up at Gaeta.
Naples—The bombardment of Gaeta will bo
resumed on Monday-.
J he London tim< s deprecates secession but
| 1 —ii - . I.-i?m.ereaimtne~CDiludStates,,
it is extremely doubtful if New York, New
Engiand, Illinois and Other free States could
long survive a separation from the South.
MISSOURI CONVENTION.
St. Lons, Jan. 30.—Thc House tabled tho
Senates joint resolution to send commissioners
to Washington, on thc fourth of March.
A resolution was adopted"which takea strong
grounds against New York and Ohio, for ten
dering aid to the General Government to coerce
the South. ; Wr < nwiwa
Preparing for the Rainy Day.—Ex-Presi
dent Pierce has sold out all his bank stocks and
all his stocks of every description, and "convert
ed the proceeds into specie, which he has de
posited specially in a hank in Concord.
|VERr Smart Lad.—As we were walking
along 'the street the other day, wo noticed a
crowd of urchins standing around a boy who
was sucking a piece of candy.
1 say Bill,” said one of them,'.“give me
that .candy, and I’ll make" it come out of my
ears, like Blitz did last night at thc theatre.”
Second youth shells over the candy. First
youth very deliberately cats the candy—second
youth watches tho. little fellow’s ears—and, af
ter drawing himself into every' conceivable
shape he said:
• Well, if I hain’t forgot the rest, as sure as
*r'nr* ww -a -■
IMPORTANT FROM WASHINGTON.
. \\ ashinglon, Jan. 30.—The Senate passed
the Pacific Railway Bill U7 a vote of thirty-
ty-seven to fourteen.
l’lie Pikes Peak bill was debated and amen 1-
•d. '* *..***
House.-:—Mr. Cobb of Alabama presented an
official copy of the ordinance of secession, and
with many regrets, withdrew from the House.
The select Committee of five reported in fa-
military in i-.rtain cases. Two minority re
ports against coercion wore received from tho
same committee. The President communica
ted the fact, and signed the Kansas bill.
ThtJ reporton tho Committee of thirty-three
was debated, w —a <,* ! ■» ■ .fK - »-T
The Washington Constitution suspends to
morrow. The editor announces that ho will
shortly resume publication inr the Southern
Confederacy, probably at Montgomery. •'
Washington, Jan. 30.—James Mitchell jr.,
Telegraph Operator, died this morning at 0
o’clock. His death is greatly rc-greled by all
who knew him.
“ Barney Dugan, you swear positively, that
you saw the prisoner slab the woman in the
Mfair £ mm*uu rnUmm • '
“Surf*
“You swear you saw the prisoner stab the
woman in the fracas!” repeated the alder-
■St MOOMiniJ”- er.smisI
. tf No sur; I didn't say that at all, yer honor.”
Jl.Why, you a moment ago not only said it,
but swore to it. Will vou repeat now what
nlon rovdidsce?”
“ Yes sur, I will. I saw Tim, there stab thc
ould woman wid a carvin’-knife in the stumick,
but divil the bit did I sec him stab her in the
fracas, yer honor!
ALABAMA STATE CONVENTION.
Montgomery, Jan. 29.—The Convention was
in secret session last night, and adopted a re
solution instructing deputies to the southern con
vention to insist upon the enactment of such
means as will forever prevent the ie-opening of-
the African slave trade.
To-day the convention passed a supplemental
ordinance, authorizing the Governor to carry
into effect the previous ordinance for the pro
tection of defences on the gulf: also an ordin-
as thc law of Alabama, thc laws
IMPORTANT FROM WASHINGTON.
Washington, Jan. 23.—Thc sloop-of-war
Brooklyn has orders to intercept vessels of thc
Navy previously ordered to Charleston. Her
mission is a peaceful one. This, as well as the
Special Message of the President, sent to Con
gress to-day, urging that coercion is impolitic,
is probably the result of the conference with
Mr. Tyler.
The Portsmouth (Va.) Transcript, of Satur
day, says that the Brooklyn has not gone io
re-inforce Fort Pickens.
[It strikes as that the vessels of war the Brook
lyn has been sent to intercept must have boen
ordered here from Mexican ports or the Gulf.
The administration evidently changes : ts mind
every twenty-four hours.—Eds.)
The British Minister Lord Lyons, says his
government will be disposed to recoguize the
Southern Provisional Government, should Con
gress pass the Morrill Tariff Bill.
A Special Committee 1 as been appoint'd in
tho Seuate on Mr. Morrill’s Bill. Mr. Sim-
From the New York Express. ^
Wit AT WILL ENGLAND DO?
I Thc Republicans are just as loth to'learn
from the Express, that John Bull will recognize
“the Southern Confederacy,” when a Govern
ment at facto is respectably established, as they
were to learn from the same Express, that a
geographical Southern Party would be the in
evitable product of their Northern geographi
cal Party,—and hence, “Secession” and “Dis-
uion.” .The Express is thus ever educating
them in advance,—but before they learn their
lessons, they maw tho country pay millions
upon millions for their instruction!
But, Oyei! Oycz! Republicans, once more.
Our own National Law, our universal practice,
the authority of all our statesman, and of all
our writers, from Marshall, on to Wheaton and
Kent, authorizes Great Britain thus to recog
nize ade facto Government Lord Palmerston
will overwhelmingly quote us down with our
owe great names. His oily speech, just made,
means all this, and in his inner heart, he re
joiecs^that the day is coming, when he shall
have two Anglo-Saxon Republics in America,
to knock one against the other, in lieu of the
dangerous unity of tho existing ones. Lord
Palmerston hopes the Disunion will be in peace
—and in peace lie means it to be, when a South
ern defacto Government is established. Our
paper blockade of 3,000 miles of inlet sea coast
will not bo recognized. Our ow,n writers will
be quoted-against us, to demonstrate that, un
der our own construction of the laws of nations,
such a blockade is not recognizable. British
greed for our Southern coasting trade, and Brit
ish necessity to have our cotton, will stimulate
all such constructions of National Law. Hence
when the Tribune discredits tho authority of
the Toronto Government paper, it writes, with
out prescience or sense. The New York Abo
lition Editor can not.yet see, that British Abo
litionism, which for ten years he has been do
mesticating here, means only the lever for
Am:rican Disunion—nothing less, and tyitlit-
tlc mote. Nevertheless, quoth tbc New York
Editor:—
“It is scarcely necessary to say that England
has no such intention, (as recognizing a South
ern de facto Republic.) and if she had, the news
would not reach us by way of Toronto.”
Mb us Vcrron*! Time will show that “Exeter
Hall” is only an institution for the U. States of
America. Tho 100,000,000 of slaves in India
scarcely arrest its attention. The Treaty Coolie
Trade, just forced by John Bull, under the
walls of Pekin, has not been heard of in that
Exeter Ilall, which fulminates so fiercely
against the enslavement c-f “Ham” in America
—dumb, as it is, all the while, upon the enslave
ment in Asia of “Shorn!”
anec adoptin
of tho United States, relative to patents, thus
securing thc right of invention to citizens of all j mens ot Rhode Island, is tho Chairman, and
thc slave States. ! Mr. Bigler represents Pennsylvania. They are
The convention adjourned until tho fourth of j to report within a week. Mr. Bigler favors a
March. strong Tariff—Chas. Courier.
Secession of Georgia.—The State of Geor
gia Ills justly been entitled in all sections of
the country, the “Empire State of the South.”
5Ye hail her accession to the noblo little constel
lation of seceding States, with pride abof pecu
liar gratification. To change the figure, wc
regard Georgia as the key-stone of the arch of a
Southern Confederacy. We may venture to
say now, that, for reasons which the event
makes it unneces'ary to state, We have regard
ed thc success of the secession movement as
dependent very much, if not wholly upon the
course o! Georgia. That success is no longer
problematical. The chain of Gulf States from
the Atlantic to the Mississippi 's complete, and
thc good cause goes bravely on.—Mobile Reg
ister.
-
