About Weekly Georgia telegraph. (Macon [Ga.]) 1858-1869 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 3, 1869)
Tlie Greorgia WeelcLy THE TELEGRAPH. MACON FED)AY, SEPTEMBER 3, ISGO. Should the Negro Emigrate? The following dispatch from Washington, August 25th, we find in the Philadelphia Press: Colored Mechanics.—Some weeks ago an informal meeting of the colored mechanics of this city was held, for the purpose of beginning the organization of a National Colored Men’s Trades Union. Committees were selected, and letters sent all over the country, explaining the object of the meeting, and asking co-operation. To-day a person interested in the matter re ceived a letter from the president of a colored men’B trade union in Macon, Oa, saying that they were fully organized, and willing to aid their brethren here. The writer says the col ored mechanics are weil organized for protec tion throughout the State, but they find it im- E 'ble to secure justice from the white popu- 1, and that a convention of colored me- ohanios is called, to meet in Macon in October, to devise means for emigration to the North western States and Territories. A committee has been appointed to visit the Northern cities, for the purpose of securing some competent persona to interest themselves in the matter, and aid the colored people of Georgia to mi grate West in colonies. It would seem from the above that colored men in Georgia contemplate removing North and West to better their condition. We would commend for the perusal of all such the letter from “Nigger,” on our outside. It is written by one who was born, raised, and educated in Massachusetts. His experience in that portion of the country substantiates what has always been said—that the Northern people, unaccus tomed to the negro, have not that consideration for his weak points and his general welfare that he people of the South have. Since the emancipation of slaves, one difficulty was that the Southern negroes allowed them selves (very naturally, too,) to be taken in charge by so-called philanthropists, and more especially the Freedmen’s Bureau, established for their special benefit The various processes of re construction through which we have gone at the bands of Congress, by which these people were to be made voters, and the great need of the Radicals that they should bo Republican voters, nil tended to make it appear to the unlettered negro that his interests and those of the whites of the Sonth were diverse. He was made to sing hymns glorifying the martyrs of the re bellion, glorifying the Government, and espe cially the Radical party, for the great boon of freedom, and to render homage to all its repre sentatives ; and as many donbtless have found to their cost to pay tribute to the same. Now, we say this was all very natural. Our whites stood aloof and let it go- on. They could not have prevented it had they tried. Many grew indignant, and, for the time, did cast out of their employment those blacks that took counsel of strangers instead of themselves. But that, too, had to come to an end. blatters have settled down very much since. The ne gro has come to be recognized with us as a voter and part of the body politic. As a laborer he j is all important to us. Our people have always ! seen it With but few exceptions onr white proprietors of land have ever been willing to pay liberal wages for good work. As an evi- j dence, we know many plantations which are ! still worked, and have been since the close of i the war, by the colored people whose home was always there. That brings contentment. The great study with colored people, mechanics as well as domestics and field laborers, should be Bom to perfect themselves in their sphere of duty, so as to command high wages. They need never expect to compete with white laborers in the dense communities of the North. Emigration from tho Sonth should never be considered by them for a moment. Hero is’ their home; here is their interest. Whites and blacks in the Sonth are benefitted or injured alike by all policy of government. When they leave off thoughts of everything but their own interest as citizens of this section, and devote themselves to their work, whatever it may be— beoome careful, painstaking, energetic, indus trious workers, employment is always to be had and at remunerative prices. More Misanthropy. Onr friends of the Savannah Advertiser make Tts Ray Twigg county would not make more than a bale of cotton to twenty acres. We said some fields in that county would not, and that the tfxtflfy would avoroge a bale to six acres accord ing to our informant They also say “the Tele graph is the best misanthrope on the cotton question they know of.” We are in the heart of the ootton section of Georgia. We have per haps the largest correspondence of any press in the State among the cotton growers and the best and most reliable facilities for obtaining infor mation on the subject. Wo consider it highly important that buyers and sellers should he ac curately informed as to the prospects of the great staple, and as both classes look to ns for such information, we give them from timo to time the best wo have. We desire big crops for our planting friends, and high prices for their benefit, and we also wish our friends of the pur chasing class to make good profits, for when all make money, everybody is oheerfnl and Otitis connection we will state by way of cor rection of our Northern editorial friends who are just now publishing articles based upon the July report to the Agricultural Bureau, that the great staple was doing finely, that an intelligent plan ter in Houston who estimated his crop in July at 300 bales, now thinks it will come down to 175 bales, giving as a reason that his cotton made about nothing during the month of August— He expects to get out his crop by October. He thinks his is the general experience in that eouuty. Important Decision.—In the case of McLeod vb. Callicott, treasnry agent, in South Carolina Federal District Court, Chief Justice Chase, presiding, held the following: “No treasnry agent was justified in receiving, much less in seizing, property in the Southern States after June SOtb, 1865.” This will inure to the benefit of many persons in onr dty, wo snpposo. We only hope they will hunt down the last one of the men who took their property and recover their losses if they have anything ont of which to make it We should suppose that where it went into the Treasury of the United States, the above ruling wonld entitle to the recovery from the Government. DieModenwelt.—This brilliant monthly, for Sep tember, has been received by Havens it Brown, to gether with a large lot of fresh literature of all kinds and in almost any form known to the prin ter’s art. The New York Tribune thus pits tho State where divorces are obtained so easily: The Darbies and Joans, the Mr. and Mrs. John Anderson-my-Jd-Johns, have become so raro in this age of divorces that we mention with pleasure that at Smitbfield, R. I., Jona than Buxton, aged one hundred and two years, is living with his wife, Saloma, aged one hun dred and one. This pair of nnptial century plants have flourished side by side for seventy-, eight years, and have nine children living, the oldest being Beventy-two years of age. There is something uncommonly touching and pleas ant in this patriarchal story, and we wonld sug gest that it it should be printed in the form of a tract, for gratuitous distribution in Chicago. 8t. Louis, and those other cities of the West in which the erroneous opinion prevails that couples are married merely that they may enjoy the exquisite raptures of separation. Fibst Balk or Cotton.—Tho first bale of new ootton grown in this oonrpy, was brought to onr city yttnterday by Mr. Wilhs Bobo. It was sold to Harris A Bro., at 84$'cants per pound, nud 'to Hooper Harris A Co., Key York, i ootton.—Rome Courier, 1st. Editorial Correspondence. Arrival at Rome—The City—Hospitality of the People—Public Reception of the Excursion Party. Coosa Rites, August 27, I860. Dear Telegraph :. This deponent is “float ing down the river," bound for the Round Mountain Iron Works, near the Cooea—sixty miles by water from Rome, but not more than thirty by land. It is five o’clock P. M., Friday. Old Sol, who has been an old Scoroher through out the day, is now sinking a little behind the trees which skirt the river bank, and the stream itself being on an average, twenty-five feet be low the banks, we are getting to be nicely shaded. A gentle breeze is also created by the motion of the boat, so that, on the whole, it is pleasant. While I sit here enjoying myself, I will take the reader back to where we left off in onr last. We bade good bye to Chattanooga at seven o’clock Thursday night, and a pleasant run, mostly by moonlight, brought us to Rome at two o’clock this morning. The people of Rome received us with great hospitality. We took breakfast at seven at the Choice House, and were notified to consider ourselves the guests of the dty. After breakfast, carriages were provided by the Mayor, and the party were shown around the city. Rome is the finest site for a beautiful city I have yet seen in Georgia, and she is growing very rapidly. She numbers 6000 people, and covers a large area. City property is in request —numerous and large business edifices are going up, and eligible business lots have risen 500 per cent, within a year or two. Seen from any of the eminences which environ or adorn the city, the river is exceedingly picturesque and beautiful. The Oostanaula and Etowah which, at their confluence at tho dty limits, form the Coosa, embrace the city in their silve- 1 ry coil, and form this head of steamboat navi gation, from which goods are transported, and cotton brought from 187 miles down the river. Most of the business portion of Rome lies upon a plain, and is regulariy laid ont and adorned with many fine buildings. That portion which is the site of dwellings is higher and beautiful ly undulating. Back of this, are the fine old bine, misty mountains which lift their peaks to heav- ! en in serene and awfnl majesty. Myrtle Hill, j the City Cemetery, is the highest point among these eminences, and from a little plateau upon the summit, say 150 feet above the level of the plain, the whole dty and its environs lie before you—a panorama of surpassing beauty. The western banks of Etowah and Oostanaula are “meadows green and pastures fair”—land of exceeding fertility, but subject to occasional overflow. The city crowns the eastern bank. Broad street, an avenue of 200 feet wide, is the thoroughfare of trade, and reminds one of Broad street in Augnsta and Columbus. At right angles with this fine avenue, the in tersecting streets lead you to gentle eminences, which will soon be covered with magnificent residences, and are now the sites of many com fortable dwellings. The summit of Myrtle ave nue, where we are standing, will soon be adorned with a lofty monument to the memory of the Confederate dead, of Floyd county, erected of native marble—a great mountain of which is fonnd at a little distance. Such a column ris ing toward the clouds from such an elevation, will form a befitting monument to the illustri ous heroes. Myrtle Hill is quite an extensive cemetery— laid off in terraces, walks and avenues, and when graded, grassed and perfected according to the original design, will be remarkably beau tiful and picturesque. From this embryo Mount Auburn, we drove to the scenes of busy life—the foundry and machine shops of the Messrs. Noble & Sons, and Col. Stewart's flouring mills. The former are a vast establishment, and a prosperous and growing enterprise. Mr. Noble is a patriarch of sixty, and has six grown and married sons, interested with him in this establishment—who apply their own hands to toil. I was introduced to one of them, and he refused to extend a be- grimmed dexter to me, but I did not tolerate his scruples. If our enterprises, whether in mechanics or agriculture are to prosper, their projectors must lead the way. They must say to the laborers “come”—not “go.” In tho construction of a new foundry, the Messrs. Noble had applied (to me) a now idea. They had erected a steam boiler over every fnmace—some five os six feet above the latter, and the heated air and flame being conducted from the furnace below, generated the motive power of the establishment without any addi tional expense of fnel. Stewart's Mills also display all the latest im provements in the manufacture of Flour. The wheat is dumped into a receptacle under the first floor—traverses the several stories of the building and returns in the shape of flour and bran to tho ground story. The flour drops through a tunnel sufficiently large to distend the sack, and a rotating contrivance ranch like an artesian well or post-hole borer running in a re verse direction, packs tho flour closely and smoothly in the sack. Scales indicate the com pletion of the tale of weight, and the sack is then sewed up and is ready for market. This mill produces only the best grades of flour and uses first quality wheat alone. The brands bear a high reputation. Mr. Noble, of the Foundry, tells me that he is far behind orders. In the single article of car-wheels alone, he has orders for a thousand ahead, and would consider himself stalled but for the additions to his productive power which will be made in a few days. After a general survey and drive around the city, the editors gathered in force at the Choice House, where their formal welcome and intro duction to tho people was appointed to take place, and a capital dinner had keen spread by mine host of that comfortable hospifium. The tables were crowded and the large banquet hall was thronged with the gentlemen of the city. In a very brief address, Mayor Hargrove wel comed the Governor, Col Hulbert and his guests the press of Georgia—and tendered them the hospitalities of the city. The Governor replied in a short and appropriate speech, expressing his gratification at the hospitable reception given to the party, and his hops that the effect of this excursion would be to divert the minds of the press and the people, for a time, from tho bar ren fields of politics, to the great material inter ests of the State. This was the object of the excursion, and it was an important, and he trusted a fortunate, event in the history of this young arid growing city that so many represent atives of the press of Georgia were that day present in intimate association with the people —studying their conditions and prospects. It was more particularly for the press that this lav ish hospitality had been displayed, and it would therefore devolve upon Col. Clisby, the Presi dent of the Association, to make such response as the occasion demanded. Mr. Clisby's remarks were substantially as follows: Mr. Mayor and Fellow- Citizens of Rome— The Press of Georgia are glad to be in your beautiful -city. Many of us are here for the first time, and few of us are familiar as we shoald be with the felicities of your situation. Through your kindness we have this morning seen the treasures of beauty and wealth which surround you, and we have all been impressed with them. The elements of growth and pros perity cluster around yon in singular and extra ordinary combination. My venerable friend, OoL Mark A. Cooper, in conversation with, me ! day before yesterday, remarked that be had thoroughly investigated and’compared the min eral resources of Georgia and Pennsylvania, and he was certain that Georgia had five times the mineral wealth of Pennsylvania. Now, fellow-citizens, the choicest part of the vast mineral wealth lies all around you, and it indicates, as it were by the finger of God, your path to national greatness. Here, on this beau tiful plateau, crowned by its gentle eminences, on which will cluster the abodes of wealth, re finement and culture, yon will fonnd a second Pittsburgh. But this is, not all. The mineral wealth of Pennsylvania is, for the most part, found in bar ren regions which most draw their supplies of bread from outside their boundaries. Your soil teems with food. There is none richer in the State, and none need bo more fertile. But this is not alL To those treasures of min- wlieels and is peculiarly tough and fibrous, while it takes a chill better than any other. He has shown by car wheels used on the State road, that they will outlast those of ordinary iron 300 per cent The process of smelting iron ore is very simple. The ore is first roasted over a pile of fuel, to evaporate moisture, expel sulphur, etc. It is then crushed into small pieces and put into the furnace. A charge of this furnace was about six hundred pounds of ore, with sixty pounds of limestone flux, and twenty-four bushels charcoaL These oharges were success fully applied at short intervals for about six hours. The furnace was perhaps twenty-five or thirty feet high, and crowned with an iron smoke stack. At the base were a fan and blow-pipe of great power, and the flames of the burning charcoal roared in tho blast like a hur- eral wealth and food, you add that last and great- ricane. Every six hours the metal is run off into a channel of sand, from which the moulds for the pigs fork at right angles, and the flash ing, scintillating stream flows into these sand moulds, and forms the pig iron of commerce. The works here were driven by damming np the Chattooga, and conducting its waters by a canal, partly subterranean, half a mile across a bend. You see here a grist mill, and the fan driven by abnndant water power—you see the water below the wheel, but you must conjecture where it comes from, unless told. The ore at this establishment is brought three miles from a spnr of Taylor’s Ridge, where the supplies are inexhaustible. The demand for the iron is not half met—the Superintendent shows net earnings of nearly a hundred per cent, a year—and here is a chance for anybody to in vest who h*s the money to spare. I refer any gentleman disposed to try his hand to CoL No ble, at Rome. After viewing these works, we rode two miles farther and partook of a splendid barbecue, pre pared nnder the auspices of the hospitable Ro mans, who had sent out runners ahead for that purpose. 'Why is barbecued meat so much bet ter than any other? Give ns the scientific ex planation. Like Dalgetty, I laid in provender for the future. We crossed the Chattooga twice near the Ferry where Miss Emma Sansom guided Forrest across the ford in pursuit of Straight—the peo ple say the whole story is true. After a return ride of five miles in a four mule wagon without springs—at a round trot over a rough road—we got back to the boat very sore, hot and weary. The weather has been tetribly oppressive ever since I left Macon last Monday night. Some people amnse themselves by ro mancing about tool mountain, air; but it is only romance. The hottest weather I have seen was near the top of Raccoon Mountain, and those of our party who visited Lookout, nearly dissolved in perspiration. I have not known the luxury of dry clothing since I left home. After we got to the boat, as some of the party were anxious to return home, a meeting was called to consider future movements. A large majority were in favor of continuing the trip down the Selma, Rome and Dalton road on Mon day ; and this will be the movement, I presume. After this point was disposed of, Col. Hulbert was called out, and delivered a speech as full of food for reflection as ever a speech of that length was. The matter of it concerns every Georgian, and I am pleased to know that it will be substan tially reproduced in a few days in the shape of a letter to Senator Price, when nil the papers est trophy of agriculture—the fleecy locks of old j King Cotton. No part of the upland country j can exceed yon in the quality or product of the I cotton which finds its way to your market by I rail or by tho beautitnl river which for nearly I two hundred miles throngh fertile bottoms is I tributary to yonr trade. Follow-citizens—this is an extraordinary com bination ; and when we add to it,-the fact that you will soon be on the great thorough-fare of | travel between the Southwest and the North— ! between New Orleans and New York—I antici pate for you a much more rapid growth than per- J haps you are disposed to anticipate for your- I selves; and. in the future yon may one day ! find yourselves rivalling in wealth and popnla- 1 tion the seven-hilled city for which you were named. • Fellow-citizens, the Governor and CoL Hnl- bert have brought us to see you in pursuance, I think, of a wise and sagacious policy. The war has jolted our people out of their old ruts, and we have not as yet settled down upon a fixed industrial policy. Whilo in this unsettled condition, it is important for the people to know . the vast opportunities opened to enterprise and industry by tho mines and quarries and work shops and forges of the State. The Governor has our hearty sympathy, and will have our earnest co-operation in every patriotic sugges tion and movement for the elevation and im provement of Georgia. We have jnst returned from a tonr over the State Road, which has afforded us the highest gratification. We have seen for ourselves the enterprise, energy and intelligence which has been displayed by CoL Hulbert in the govern ment of the road. We note everywhere the signs of watchfulness and progress. The re pairs are of the mast permanent and faithful character. The road-bed is being regraded and ballasted as fast as possible, so as to insure a smooth, safe and permanent line. Station- houses of a substantial character are supplying the places of mere temporary sheds. The roll ing stock and motive power seem to be in tho nicest condition, and, in short, I think the Press is satisfied that the management of this great State property is faithful and eminently saga cious. I think we can all see why $25,000 is paid monthly into the State Treasnry, instead of $40,000, and that we generally acquiesce in the propriety of the change. But more than even the diligence and enter prise which characterize the management of the State Roai, we appreciate the equity and jus tice and liberality of its management. Here are no iron-handed and tyranical discriminations in i ■will copy it Hon. C. W. Howard followed Mr. defiance of distance, to build up some points at the expense of others—a policy destined tocreate much tronble, loss and vexation in Georgia. Equal rates of fare and freight are prescribed, and those with an eye to the development of trade, industry and wealth, rather than to the exaction of the greatest amount of revenue. Tho Road seems to be governed in this particular by the comprehensive views in which this great achievement of State enterprise originated. Fellow-citizens of Rome: We thank you for this hospitable and distinguished reception. Some men are too fast and fret out existence by seeking to drag reluctant enterprise up to their own advanced position. These, however, are few. The great majority of us are too slow, and ever behind the times. You people of Rome, will have to be very fast to keep abreast of the plain demands of the singular felicities of your situation. Colonel Hulbert was then called on, but it was necessary to burry to the boat, and he postponed his speech to the next favorable occasion. In a few moments the banquet hall was deserted and we were afloat upon the clear bright waters of the Coosa. The River—Obstructions—Round Mountain Cornwall Mines—Smdtiny Ore—Barbecue— Hot Weather—Speeehes—State Fair, etc. Coosa River, Angnst 29, I860. The Coosa River is about 450 or 500 feet wide—very uniform in it3 width and the height of its banks, which are the margin of a splendid alluvial region. So low was the stream that we could not see any of the surrounding country, which I am told is very beantifuL Sometimes we passed a fishing or hunting party—once or twice a party of ladies under the shade of the ancient marginal trees—now and then a ferry man or a group of field hands—twice a flock of wild tnrkies—but the signs of cnltivatiou were few. A line of maple, oak, beech, cedar, gum, willow, etc., of not very lofty growth, skirts the bank, but we could see that a great part of tho country immediately beyond wa3 cleared. The banks disclose strata of yellow clay and blue limestone. The water is transparent. Our boat, the Etowah, Capt. Griffin, drew sixteen inches and frequently rubbed bottom. There are shoals a mile below Rome, which might be removed at little expense, and would give un obstructed navigation to Greensport, 1GS miles; there are more shoah) which ought to be re moved, and give a much more extensive stretch to navigation. Ordinarily, the Coosa evidently Hulbert in a speech of singular beauty and in terest on the resources of Georgia—agricultural and mineraL The association requested him to furnish a copy of it to one of our journals, and it will then be put before the people. Gov. Bullock conversed with me to-night upon our approaching Stato Fair in Macon. He is exceedingly anxious not only that it shall be, in every respect, worthy of the State, but that it shall secure the attention and attendance of emi nent men from other States. He. therefore, proposed to me, as one of the Vice Presidents, that if the Directory shonld think proper, and would invite a sufficient number say one hurt- 0Mlflllie to infoni the ttronRh yonr co i. dred members of Congress and others, he would j nrun g Q f the movements and operations of onr Letter from Tzlbet Drought in Talbot—Good Crop of Com—Short Crop of Cotton—The Dejiccney in Production must be made up in price, etc. Talbotton, Ga., August 27, 1869. Editors Telegraph; We have had rains in different portions of this county recently, but the cotton continues to suffer. The squares are parched on the stalk; the young bolls have fallen off, with the exception of low grounds, and no more cotton can possibly be made on uplands which have been stimulated by manures or early planted. We see a short crop staring ns in the face, and if the falling off is as great throughout the State, Georgia must lose one hundred thousand bales of tho anticipated crop. Our hope is the deficiency in production will be made np in in creased values. From present prospects the incoming crop of cotton will bring high prices, unless the equilibrium between manufactured goods and the raw material be re-establiBhed, which would reduce present quotations. Esti mating the American crop at three million of bales even, with the same proportionate crops for East India and Brazil aBlast year, and there will still be wanting a vast amount of cotton for the increased consumption of the world’s de mand. The manufacturing interest of Man chester and Lowell could well afford to pay 30 cents per pound for the present crop of cotton, and I trust our Southern planters will be able to hold and demand it. It is very evident, from present indications of short corn crops through out the Western States, that not only the article of com but bacon, in consequence, must be very high another year. High prices for cot ton, then, are demanded, or the farming opera tions in the future must collapse. It gives me pleasure to report a good com crop throughout Talbot, which, I have no doubt, will be sufficient for all purposes another year. If our people will plant plentiful of small grain during the fall and next spring, I apprehend little danger to the farming interest. Occasional. From Oar Foreign Commissioner or Immigration. COLONEL SAMUEL WEIL IN GERMANY. From the Atlanta Constitution.] For the information of the people of Georgia, I ask a place in your columns to say that I have a communication from CoL Samuel Weil, the Foreign Commissioner of Immigration for this State, announcing his safe arrival in the city of Bremen. He set sail from Baltimore on the steamer Berlin, on the 14th of July, and after a pleasant passage of fifteen days, landed at Bremen on the 29th of July. It is his purpose to make the latter city his headquarters for the present. GoL Weil informs me that there prevails in Ins native land, a prejudice against the country and people of the South, resulting from the studied and persistent teaching of the enemies of our section. For want of proper information on the subject, the German people are afraid of onr climate, and have been lead to believe, from Northern journals that the South is no place for a happy home or a prosperous life. Tho German press has caught the infection, and its influence is set against ns. Id that country, as well as in regions nearer home, our reviled and persecuted section has had no ad vocates or defenders. Agents of railroads and land companies, from the Northern and North western States of this country, are to be found all over Germany, and they make it a special part of their business to villify and traduce the Southern States and people. Colonel Weil goes amongst the people of his native land, prepared to meet these tradneers of tho Sonth, and refute their slanders. Bold and fearless as he is, Georgia will find m him a diligent and faithful representative of her interests. He earned with him faots nnd figures and documents, which, coupled with an experience of eignteen years’ residence in the State, will enable him to place Georgia in her true light, and to show that no State or country nnder the sun, presents to the sober, industrions and enterprising emigrant more advantages than may be found in this commonwealth. CoL Weil enters upon the duties of his mis sion earnestly and hopefully. He will at once have his circulars printed and distributed, and from his headquarters at. Bremen, he will travel in the interior, diffusing correct information among the people as to the climate, resources and capabilities of Georgia, with a view of in- dneding such of the German people, and such only, to come to our Strte, as will make good citizens and add to the wealth and prosperity of our people. It is the purpose of CoL Weil to induce, if possible, a large steamship company to establish a line from Bremen direct to Savannah, and if be should succeed in this, many of the impedi ment^ to immigration will bo removed. By your kind permission, Mr. Editor, I will send a train to Lynchburg, Ya., undor the direction of CoL Hulbert. to take the party to Macon. He, himself, wonld receive them at the State line, and proceed with them to Macon. The train cannot go further North than Lynch burg. because the guage of tho road there takes the Northern standard, four feet eight inches, while onr roads are five feet. I call attention of the President, the Executive Committee and the people of Macon to this liberal proposition. I concur with the Governor in tho opinion that this movement might effect very salutary re sults. AN HUMBLE REMONSTR ANCE. I have seen, my dear Telegraph, your issues of 26th and 28th—the first all right—the second so full of the most grotesque and absurd blun ders that I am confused. ‘ "Suprosin’ you was T, 8uppojin* I was you: Ruppwina we both was somebody else, I wonder who we’d be.” Omitting many moro immaterial, some of the remainder shonld insure you or me a premium in the world's Fair. Yon make me discourse about “sporting meteors,” which is irreverent and dangerous while the comet is abont, and might get mad. Did you never hear of meteors shooting across the horizon ? Yon tell us that that the mines lead out of Chattanooga amid some of the grandest scenery, etc. Bold mines these. The railroads do it—not the mines. You find the subterranean coal mines in Raccoon mountain “ glorious," but I fonnd them very "gloomy." If you ever find yourself a quarter of a mile inside of a mountain, in a passage four by five feet, without a ray of light—the walls covered with a reddish slime and dripping water upon you—three inches of mud under your feet, and can see anything glorious about it. you will j beat my time altogether. There was, Mr. Prin- has abundant water, and is free from many of J ter, positively no hole to let the glory throngh. the dangers of river navigation. Our boat was j Gentlemen, be careful! Confine your errors chartered and provisioned by the hospitable 1 within the bounds of reason and common Rense. Romans and Mayor Hargrove. CoL Cothran, j I write this from the Imperial City this Mon- CoL Mitchell, Captain Scotland other distin- j day morning. Angnst 80, 1869. The Pope has gnished citizens were with us to exercise the ' left or I wonld call upon him. The Vatican is duties of hosts and entertainers. oloxed, in his absence, nnd I can't see the pio- Satnrday morning found us tied np at the tures, but the place is a nice picture in itself. Round Mountain Landing, and a walk of a mile j We shall probably close up on Wednesday. The brought ns to the deserted works. Only the ' heat makes the trip laborious, however inter- furnaces were standing—huge conical structures esting. of blue lime-stone. The works were twice burned during the war—once by Gen. Straight and once by Gen. Frank P. Blair. These . fnrnaces are at the foot of the mountain, which 1 {f rea ^ , stl ^ ccss ' 1 I Uwvmnsxw.w In We find the following in the Savannah News, with reference toa former editorial confrere and Foreign Commissioner. Respectfully, Georoe N. Lester. Domestic Commissioner. Red Clover, Grass, Etc For the Fewnan Herald ) Mr. Editor—For three or four years past I have been experimenting with clover and sev eral varieties of grass. A great many persons have made inquiries concerning them, and, hoping that it may assist those who have de cided to have a clover lot, and stimulate others to an effort in the same direction, I have con cluded to give you the result of the experiment. Clover,like any other crop,to grow successfully, requires rich land. It would be jnBt as sensible to expect a first class crop of ootton or com on poor land as a good crop of clover. The land must be naturally rich, or made so by liberal application of manure, and then I know of no crop raised in this country that will return larger profits than a combination of orchard grass and red clover. In the fall of 1866. I prepared a small plat of ground, abont one acre and a half. The laud was naturally rich and did not require any ferti lizer. About the first of October with a turn plough, followed by a snhsoiler, I broke the land ten or eleven inches deep, fifteen would have been better, but I find it impossible with any plough that I have used to break stiff red land more than ten or twelve inches. I sowed wheat, covering it with the harrow. Two weeks later sowed twelve pounds of clover seed and one bushel and n half of orchard grass, not covering at all. In a short time 1 had a fine stand of wheat, grass and clover. After cutting the wheat the following year, a great number and a great variety of weeds came up and grew so rapidly that I lost sight of the grass and clover. In August, when the weeds were in full bloom, with a grass aoythe, I cut them close to the ground, md I have not been troubled with weeds on that lot since that time. Tbo clover and grasB grew off vigorously and made a fine grazing lot during the following winter. On the 15th of May, 1868,1 oat the grass and clover, and they averaged four feet -all over the lot. Towards the latter part of June I cut again, the average height being about two feet. A third crop grew during the same summer which matured a large quantity of seed. T did not weigh the hay, but the low est estimate by any of my neighbors who saw the bulk after being dried, was thr6e tons per acre; equal to niuety dollars in any market. In cutting, shocking aud housing, one hand was employed about four days. This covers the en tire expense of the crop, excepting one bushel of gypsum or land plaster to the acre, sowed in early spring. Now each one can make his own calculation and compare the profit with that de rived from other crops. During the present year I have grazed the lot. From first of March to middle of June, light roller, and my word for it, you will never live to regret the operation. If you sow wheat or oats as they do in the Northern States, you need not expect a crop of elover the first season. Wbeb the grain is cut the plants are so tender the sun checks their growth until summer is aver. It is, and has been the general impression that clover will not grow in this latitude. But few have tried it, and when there has been a failure, the fault undoubtedly, has been in the experiment, not in the climate. I have traveled in Virginia and Tennessee, in all seasons of the year, and I have seen better clover in this 00tin- try than I ever saw in either of those States.— Between this and Augnsta, in different locali ties, there are large fields of clover that have been growing for several years, as successfully as any in a higher latitude. There is no defi ciency in the climate. This climate will grow almost everything north of the tropics, and it is probably superior, or at least equal, to any in the world for the growth of all the olovers and grasses. This operation will, in my judgment be fully verified in a very few years, for as la bor becomes scarcer and higher, grass lots and clover fields will begin to appear all over the country; then, aud not till then, can we talk in earnest about renovating our old fields; about fat beef, mutton and bogs, and fine horses. Yours, eto., J. R. T. Salt and Cotton. From the New York Evening Pott, August 24.] One serious difficulty in the production of cot ton at this time is the want of cheap salt. The fertilizers chiefly used on cotton lands are guano, the super-phoRphates, bone dust and the “natural phosphates” found so abundantly near Charleston; besides, the cotton seed and farm composts which, however excellent, cannot be obtained in sufficient quantities. Now, Messrs. Loring and Atkinson have shown that the phos phates and guano contain everything which the cotton takes from tho land, except the alkalies and chlorine; and chloride of sodium, or com mon salt, contains precisely the ingredients wanted. It decomposes in the soil, forming soda, and releasing the chlorine, so that, when added to the natural or prepared phosphates, it makes a perfect fertilizer. The liberal use of it in this way doubles the cotton crop, and at the same time restores the soil, so that it may be planted year after year without exhaustion. “One of the most successful planters in the South,” says the book we cited yesterday, writes as follows as to the usefulness of salt: “I have used salt for fifteen or more years. I find it essential to success on all lands like mine, and most of thd cotton lands are like mine.— Three hundred pounds of salt and two hundred of land-plaster are almost a total preventive of rust, which is one of the worst enemies the plan ter has to contend with. Salt makes cotton bear longer in the season and stand drought bet ter, it increases the quantity and improves the quality of the staple, it acts equally well on com, oats and other grains, toughens wheat straw, causes less waste from the heads of wheat breaking off when cut. I use eight hundred bushels. I wonld use one thousand bushels.— Many cannot use it on account of the price.” Here is the difficulty with most planters. Salt in Liverpool is worth eight cents per bnshei, bat under the tariff established for the Syracuse monopoly, it pays a duty here of eighteen cents per hundred pounds in bulk, or twenty-four cents in bags. The latter form is, of course, that nsedin the interior, and this duty amounts, on the average, to seventeen cents in gold per bushel, or two hundred and twelve per cent.— Messrs. Loring and Atkinson remark: The effect of the duty has been an advance from 50 cents to $1 per sack (of 213 pounds) in I860, to $1 90 to $2 30 per sack in 1869, in the Savannah market, and a curtailment of its use. It is the opinion of dealers there that at 80 cents to $1 per sack large quantities would be used. As it is, not more than a quarter of the 22,748,- 400 pounds imported into Savannah during the year ending June 1, 1SG9, was used for fertili zers." The effect of this oppressive and prohibitory duty is felt in the culture of cotton rather as a hindrance and embarrassment than as a tax. But that it must increase the cost of cotton is dear. It is, however, only one of the many ways in which the tariff enhances the cost and diminishes the productiveness of all agricultural work. Every farmer in the country could get his tools at a small proportion of their present price were the single tariff monopoly of iron broken down. Farmers wonld use better ma chines and tools, and far more of them; would raise more corn, wheat and cotton on every acre; and the food and clothing of every man in the country would be cheaper and better than they are, were the iron monopoly struck down. Persecution of (he Jews in Moldavia, Sir Francis Goldsmith sends to the London Telegraph the followiug translation of a letter from Moldavia, giving information respecting the persecution of the Jews in that principality: “Families accustomed to every domestic com fort have been driven from their homes, and are obliged to wander about without knowing where to rest their weary limbs. The poor ex iles have not even been allowed to collect the scanty remnants of their portable property.^— They have been despoiled, defraudded and ill- treated, yet no one comes forward to procare for them* the needful sympathy, and to put a stop to the infamous proceedings. On the last festival of Pentecost the village Jews were thrown into wagons and removed from their domiciles. Similar heinous practices were re peated on subsequent Sabbaths, so as to aggra vate the offensivencss and mortifying effect of these persecutions. Women in the agonies of childbirth were dragged away from their couch es. In vain did they implore to havs only one day’s respite granted them. “ Among the Jewish villagers was one who, during the whole period of the famine of 18G6, had relieved the laborers residing in this vicini ty,” and had thus afforded sustenance to no less than eighty families. The snm thus expended amounted to 7,000 francs, as is proved by the papers he left behind and which bear the official sealB of the snb-prefeef, os also of the chief of the village. During the same period this be nevolent Jew caused a new bridge to be con structed at his expense, when the former one had been carried away by the overflowing of tho river. In like manner this Jew had conferred many other benefits upon his fellow villagers. Scarcely, however, had the ministry the first re script for the expulsion of the Jewish villagers, when the sub-prefect and the chief of the village Sayme siezed this same Jew, together with his wife and children, threw them into wagons, and oarried them away from their comfortable homes. His charitable work and the documen tary evidence of his public usefulness obtained for him no consideration.” The Macon Telegraph.—We were pleased to welcome into our sanctum, on Wednesday last, Mr. A. H. Yarrington, of Eufaula, tho efficient Traveling Agent of the Macon Telegraph, one of tho best papers published in Georgia, and whioh deserves the liberal patronago it is re ceiving. Mr. YarriDgton, during his brief stay of a few days iu our city, notwithstanding there was no gathering of the people from the country, ob tained forty new subscribers to the Telegraph. This was pretty good, but he will do much bet ter when he visits us again.—Bainbridge Argus, 28 th. We will endeavor brother Russell, to so con duct the Telegraph that you will have no cause to withdraw so nice an endorsement. We are pleased to chronicle the following from the same paper showing so good a prospect ahead for our friends in Decatur county: has an atitude, say of 150 feet. From half way up to the summit, the mountain is literally covered with lumps of red hematite iron ore, “lying around loose. ” The mines were worked for several years, but mostly from chunks on the surface. The excavations are very few and slight, and there is ore enough on the surface now for years of .work. A traiu-road, eighty yards long, would transport this ore to the fnmace, and another of three miles wonld give access to inexhaustible supplies of mineral coaL Returning to the boat, we dropped down the river six or eight miles to Cedar Bluff, and took wagons three and one-half miles to tho Cornwall mines. These, as well as the Round Mountain, are the property of Rome capitalists. The one ' is classed as red foesilliferous, and is' said to ■ contain about' sixty-six per cent, of iron. The ! establishment is a small one and turns out only nine or ten tons of ore a day. Mr. Noble tells me that he has orders .for five hundred 'tons of Personal.—In directing attention to the busi- ' ness card of onr friend Capt. J. B. Oliver in an other column, we take pleasure in reproducing in our columns the following justly merited complimentary notice of that gentleman from the pen of onr worthy cotemporary, Major Bryan, of the Thomasville Enterprise The New Cotton.—There have been abont , sixty bales of cotton, of tho new crop, received i in Bainbridge np to this date; and from the re- five mules and one milk cow were on it every 1 p 0rt8 obtained, from various portions of the night; and two Chester pigs all the time. Tho i county, we think we are enabled to give a pretty pigs after going on the clover increased from 1 ac0 nrate statement of the probable yield of the one to one and a half pouuds per day, without 1 maturing crop of cotton. other feed. The cow was a heifer with first. The status of the crop all oter the country is calf. From first of March to first of June she f ftr f^m being uniform. Some of our planters never gave less than 3J- gallons of milk per day, : never had a better crop, so far, being entirely and a few days reached four. Since June she , exem p( from caterpillar, boll-worm or rust,while has been on lino crab grass, but has not others are greatly suffering from a part or all averaged over one gallon per day. My mules ;■ these destructive agents. The guanoed lands had at least one-third less corn, but kept in bet- • are suffering the most from the rust—so we are ter condition .than they would have done ou full • “— lam particular in making these state- From careful investigation, it is thought that “GfiptX Berrien Oliver.—Let not our read-, rational _ . gr. era forget that we are publishing the card of this 1 meats to show .that while there is nothing that Decatur county will make about, the same unm- gentleman as a commission merchant in Savan- j will make more or a better quality of hay, than bg r Q f bales this year it did last—perhaps a small nab.- Wa know Capt. Oliver personally, and j orchard grass and clover, there ccrtainly is noth- number more. know him to be one of the most reliable and &o- ing superior to them for grazing purposes. I . ■*■■ *- commodating gentlemen in the city. He com- consider one acre well set in clover and grass ; menced business with limited means, but has I equal to at least two acres iu any other crop.— j gradually worked his way'to competency and 1 ” ’ 11 t * K *• The com was never better. thnft, and bids fair to make his mark on Savan nah commerce. He is rising is the only way that it is safe to rise, by patient industry, rigid economy, and honest legitimate dealing. The man who rises thus will stand, 'and Capt. Oliver deserves well of fortune.” An intimate personal Acquaintance with Capt. Oliver, enables us to give our, oordial endorse ment to the above, and to reoommend him to ■■■P ... our planting frlnds as one whom they may rely, .. , F this iron at fifty dollars per ton for PbilndeI. on for intelligent, prompt and faithful attention j eight pounds of glover 1 phiz. It to nerd for tbs manufacture * out ' »orchard pare »p A*’ For winter ^zing it”is better than the elover, 1 - Governor Wells, rfYirgima, arrived here to- in fact it is better than any thing I know of. It day, and is loud in hts delarationa that the test does not stop growtog even in the ooldeat spells oath will be exacted from the Virginia Legisia- of weather, aud grows much faster than rye or tore, and thatas a consequence the RadioaU will barley, and one seeding is all that is necessary eleot two United State Senators. The iualife time. Clover mm ont in SX’ abte £ *SS£ ^September is the proper time for sowing grass servatives who oan taka the test oath. It may w.1** market and Sever, and I hope every one who oan will be added that Mrtam prominent Conservahve. prepare a lot of omytwo, three, or five acres.- feel assured that the President, General Sbef- [ ^»®oeL, 8apt«nber 1 Prepare the land deeply, 1 ' FINANCIAL AND OOMMERouT Weekly Review of the Market. OFFICE DAILY TELEGRAPH v Sefembeb 1—Evening, issg r General Benares—We have to note a dedi improvement in the wholesale and jobbing trafo the dty, for the week ending this evening D ° f what it has been fqr the last two months, tlw^ is still comparatively quiet to what it will \*- short while, should the present splendid m * ootton be maintained. Our merchants, g* n JL° have been receiving new goods all the week • from to-day, the opening of bur commerculv*^ we may expect ah active and lively fall trade * • sales He. Cotton.—Receipts to-day 189 bales shipped 92. The market continues firm, with a good dem -t id nrittw rend tmmWI We Still quote ffiidjv '' and prices tend upward, at 30 cents. MACON COTTON STATEMENT. Stock on hand Sept. 1,1869—bales... Received to-day " -1S5 276 Shipped to-day Stock on hand this evening.. There have been received the past week 532 hd of which 412 wore sold, thus showing that ti",! ? ket has been quite active and the demand the week. Tho price has been steady at 30 , S , middlings. . " for The amount of cotton received in Jrtooa t, September 1st, 1868, to September 1st iG-n ‘° m 58,762 bales. ’ Nl9 ’ v,! The stock and bond market has passed t> r one of the dullest summers imaginable, and at time has it attracted, to an extent worth noli • E ° the attention of capitalists. Surplus money h»Hbee ? r otherwise invested this season, or has been caiefi iw hoarded. Our commercial year opens with a tight mon market, but as tho new crop of cotton °poms in'* will start a flow of currency from the banks that vht inspire an activity in trade unprecedented m tfc market. Exchange and discount quotations, M j those for stocks and bonds, are not change] in tt e least from last week’s report, and we therefore ci thern. Groceries and Provisions The market the pm week has been much livelier than for several weeks" The demand for corn, bacon, and cotton-baling naj terial has been good all tho week, and the sales i ;JT2 been numerous and in some cases quite heavy. Com has advanced, during the week, about t« cents per bnshei, owing to ageneral scarcity icndthe light stock in market. Bacon continues firm and in good demand, bat ve have no change to make in price on the week s ope;, ations. We quote: , BACON—Clear Sides (smoked)... .I 1 21k Clear Rib Sides (smoked)... of Shoulders 17]£@ Hams (country) 23 @ 25 llama (sugar-cured)....,..,* 23 fit 05 PORK—Mess .. 36 50 (a37 50 Prime Mess 33 00 (a3i ot Rumps 80 00 ~ BULK MEATS—Clear Sides 10% Clear Rib Sides 19 Shoulders 15U COFFEE—Rio. 22 *@ 2! Laguayra GO <3 S3 Java 43 @ 43 DRIED FRUIT, per pound 10 d n RICEperpound...9 <jj n TEA—Black 1 50 d'2W Green 2 00 @250 BUTTER—Goshen....; 40 <jt 50 Tennessee Yellow SO ii< a Country 30 @ 0 CHEESE—Accordingto quality.25 @ 27 LARD— 2K4& 23 SUGAR—According to grade..... 16 @ 20 MOLASSES—According to grade.. 65 (3 7R FISH—Mackerel, bbla, No. 1,2, 3. 15 00 @2i (ft Kits 3 00 @5 00 Codfish per pound 10 <§ 12V SALT—Liveqiool per sack 2 75 (gSOO' Virginia 2 50 WHISKY—Common Ryo 1 20 <a 150 Fine •. 2 50 <8 5 05 Com 1 15 @135 Bourbon 8 50 @500 ALE—Per dozen. 3 00 @ 4 00 TOBACCO—Low grades per pound B0 @ 55 Medium 60 @ 70 Good. 75 @ 80 Bright Virginia 85 @ 1 00 Fancy «... 125 @150 FLOUR Superfine per bbl 7 00 @7 50 Extra 9 00 @10 00 Family 10 50 Fancy Family Brands...... 12 00 New per barrel 11 00 GRAIN AND HAY. @11 00 @13 00 CORN—Yellow, Mixed and White. 1 40 145 MEAL 1 45 « 151' GRITS 1 60 (3 170 OATS 1 00 @ 105 WHEAT—Per bushel 1 40 • 1 50 FIELD PEAS 1« HAY—Northern 1 90 @ 2 00 Tennesse Timothy 8 (At Herds Grass 2 00 Tennessee 2 00 111 DOJtKSTICS. Domestics—3-4 per yard ..12J* Shutting—7-3 peryard 13VJ® U 4-4 15 @15!t Drilling—Heavy Brown peryard ..18 <3%> Heavy Georgia Stripes 18 @21 Osnabubgs—No. 1,3 oz 22 (5 22'-, No. 2, 7 oz •. 19 Bicbtnoud. 19 Milledgeville, No. 1 ....22 Flint River. No. 1.... 24 Shallet—Cuthbert, peryard SO BAGGING TIBS AND TIVISK. RAGGING—Borneo. 2% lbs. peryard.. Kentucky Roll, 2>g “ *• “ 27 @2S', BALING TWINE, per pound :..... 25 IRON TIES—Airow, per pound 8}£(3 LATEST MARKETS BY TELEORAF& Domestic Markets. New York. September L noon.—Flour BtSlObs- ter. Wheat 1@2 better. Com a shade firmer. Pork dull at 32 00. Lard dull; steam 19 liWv Turpentine 41Rosin firm; good to common 2 Cotton quiet at 35. Stocks unsettled but strong. Money easy at 5§ Sterling, long 9Jtf: short 10. Gold S3%. 18623^ TenneeseeB. ex-coupons 60; new 61%. Yiigioia ex-coupons 55, new 58. Louieianas. old 70; ne*S a»ked: levees. 6s C5:j8s 84. Alabama 8a 93. Georgia 6s 84hf; 7s 91. North Carolinas, old 56;» new 48. New York, September 1, evening—Flour firn* superfine 5 90@6 25; extra 6 25(tlG SO; choice 6 h; 7 25: fancy 6 95@7 45. Wheat, winter red. oldl» new 1 5S@162. Corn unchanged. Beef stof Mess Pork lower at 31 @3210. Lard stag Whisky dull at 117. Sugar firm. Turpentine m @421^. Bosin 2 39@8 00, - Cotton firm; sales 900 bales at 35. „ Governments firm: 1862s $3%. Southerns Money easy at 5®7. Sterling steadier at Gold dull, closing at 33}^. Stocks irregnhM® 1 cited. Baltimore. September 1—Ootton 34K- _ Br , Flour active and firmer; Howard street 6 00 « 6 25. Wheat firm. Com, white 11® : Ivl 120. Oats57fS60. Mess Pork 34 50. Bm*®® Lard quiet. Whisky steady at 117. . ^ Virginias 60; 6s 60; coupons, old 67K- L | olinas47 bid. Savannah, September L—Cotton receipts Ah- AroueTA, September 1.—Cotton gales 71 I receipts 58; market continues active with a gooa mono; middlings 31}4(<t32. _ , I Charleston, September 1.—Cotton Bales 'Si exports, ooastwiee 170; a fair request; Btoci V | prices % better; middlings 82)4@S3. Louisville, September 1.—Whisky_1 visions declining. Mess Pork 34 U0.tro4 2 J - shoulders 16; dear aides 19>£. Lard 20, Cincinnati. September 1—Whisky finn^ ^ 117; nothing doing. Mess Pork S3 00. B* w ive, shoulders 15. Lard nominal. ^ St. Louis, September 1.—Whisky 1,54 quiet. Mess Pork 34 00. Bacon, shoulders »^ dear sides 19(219.14; hams, plain canvassed is gar-cnre421. ^ Mobile, September 1.—Cotton sales j receipts 128; marker closed quiet; low nudiums @ 29 &- MvefotsS New Oa. vans, September 1.—Cotton, t« F bales: »sles 89; middlings 32; market q 1 wet. ^ Gold 32%. Sterling 45%. hew York premium. - . enn- dot$ Flour firm; market bare: superfine 6 uw jj* extra 6 30; treble extra 6 50. Co™’, m ’p7 r X* white 105. Oats 65@S6. Bran 1 02>4-J“* J ^ @27 00. Mess Pork held at 33 50. B*« “ shoulders 189*; dear rib sides 199*; Lard, tierce 205*; keg 22V*@23. Sugar common 11^12; prime 14@|141*. Molaas , j jji 60070. Whiskv weaker. Western rectin*' jg,. 130. Coffee dull; fair 14J*@15)*; pn® # 1 Foreign Markets. Liverpool, September 1, n0< ®vrS^i«^ l n^| bales; uplands 133*; Orleans 1SK@ 1S »' I dull. „ „ . f , T* | Red Western Wheat 9s6d@9*M- B * con 8 I September 1. 8000 hale*; marked
