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THE TELEGRAPH.
MAOON, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 18CD.
•‘The Soalli in Clover.” \
Under this head the New York Commercial
Advertiser, in the course of a long editorial,
awakens the suspicion that there are a good
many Southern men in New York just now who
are given to that popular amusement' called
(ii«pcn. He say?, “Southern men who are vis
aing the city just now,” assure him that “the
crop is immense”—that “they are getting rich
faster than any people in the] world.” An in
telligent Southwestern man, "not given to exag
geration,” (oh, no!)say3 “Louisiana is aching
with sugar, and Mississippi is white with cot
ton !” and that “the yield of rice in Louisiana
will be larger and finer than was ever before
gathered.”
Upon this agreeable information, making due
allowance for the “provincial disposition” to
fnllr big, the Advertiser moralizes extensively
upon the fortunate consequences of the war
and the “discipline which has brought the South
erner to honor labor,” as if more labor was done
in the South now than before the war, when
there is only a little more than half as much.
Gentlemen who visit New York for the pur
pose of extending their credit, may perhaps be
exoused for swelling a little—but they should do
it in moderation, and not at the cost of the pro
ducers of the meager crop3 which unfortunate
ly are all we can boast of this year.
Is it not better to tell the truth? The pro
ductive power of the South has been cut down
by the war for the abolition of slavery one half,
and we are getting along on that half only be
cause the world is compelled by famine to pay
us more for it than they did for the whole be
fore the war.
But nevertheless the South as a fanning conn,
try is in a doleful condition. Not one-fifth of
her cleared lands are under cultivation, and di
lapidation and ruin are the principal aspects of
many of the farms that are cultivated. Missis
sippi, wo dare say, is ten times greener with
rank woeds than she is white with cotton, and
tumblo down houses and ruined fences mark
the very spots which were the theatres of her
choicest cotton crops before the war.
The South is not far off—let the Commercial
Advertiser come downhere and see the “clover,’
and then crow over the achievements of eman-
cipation in this quarter.
The Sham Democracy and the XVlh
Amendment—The Cat out of the Bag!
The Macon Telegraph admits that, “under
the Constitution,” the colored members “are as
much entitled to seats in the Legislature as any
body, and that reseating them, in accordance
with the Supremo Court decision, will be an act
of no practical evil, so far as the State is con
cerned,” “But,” says this Democratic organ,
“when you come to the Fifteenth Amendment,
and ask ns to blot out the independence of the
State, * * * it will not be done with our con
sent.”
Practically, then, the position of the Tele
graph is this: In Georgia, negroes should vote
and hold office upon precisely tho same footing
as other citizens; whilst in Pennsylvania and
Ohio, they should do neither, because that
would be to “blot out the independence of the
States!” In Georgia, negroes should be our
legislators; but in Pennsylvania and Ohio,
where they nre generally better educated, and
therefore know more of the duties and respon
sibilities of citizenship, they should not be per
mitted even to vote! • • *
This, then, is “Democratic” sincerity, as ex
emplified by a journal which we had given cred
it for sounder and more practical views of states
manship. When will the old partisan fossils of
a past epoch learn wisdom from experience?
The editor of the Telegraph has, qnite uncon
sciously, let the cat out of the bag; and wo offer
this as an additional reason why the provisions
of the Fourteenth Amendment should be en
forced, as stated in our editorial of yesterday.
[Atlanta New Era.
Georgia finds herself under a Constitution
Which guarantees negro suffrage and, (under the
decision of the Supreme Court,) negro office
holding. Therefore, every man who acknowl
edges that plain and unwelcome fact should be
willing to amend the Constitution of the United
States so as to give Congress power to determine
Who shall and shall not be citizens of the several
Btates. What sort of a conclusion is that from
tho premises! The New Era, should have more
mercy on common sense than that comes to.
Xlrt. White, an extensive planter from Pulas
ki county, called upon us yesterday to report
the result of his observations of Mr. Gnstin s
cotton patch. He says it is the finest piece of
cotton he ever saw—perfectly healthy and
abounding in fruit, flowers and forms—tho bolls
being extraordinary large. He thinks there are
about three quarters of an acre in the patch,
and that it will produce at the rate of four hun
dred pounds of seed cotton to the acre. He is
devoted to the system of surface culture, and
♦LinVn the result is due less to deep culture than
to the superphosphate applied, and remarked
fTian in his observation of the comparative ef
fects of Soluble Pacific and Superphosphate, he
had seen an equal difference in favor of the Su
perphosphate that there was between Soluble
Pacific and no fertilizer at all.
The Case of Henrietta Greer.
We are slow to lift our voice against the exer
cise of the divine prerogative of mercy, hut feel
strongly impressed with the opinion that tho
case of this woman was one in which the law
should have been allowed to take its course. We
think there is no practical force in the sugges
tion of the Governor’s proclamation in relation
to the oonviction upon circumstantial evidence
and her own confessions—that the act was done
in heat of passion—the trial influenced by pre
judice and outside pressurer—or that incapacity
was exhibited in tbs defence.
It was, on the contrary, one of the most re
volting cases of murder resulting from a brutal
indifference to human life on the whole records
of crime. The prisoner, according to her own
account, sustained by the evidence, and repeat
ed many times without material variation to of
ficers—to the court—to one of our own editors
and numerous other parties—on many occasions
running through a period of several months—
went out with her unfortunate little victim to
gather lightwood for market, and while in the
field conceived tho idea of killing the child in
order to get possession of a few cents which the
latter had in her pocket. Accordingly she struck
her several fatal blows on tho head with the axe
—took tho money, and came to town and spent
it in cakes and candy.
Tho position of the wounds showed that they
conld not have been inflicted in the course of a
strife, but that the victim must have been struck
from behind and while unaware of the assault,
Tho relative strength and age of the parties
preclude the idea of a struggle, and no such de
fence was ever set up by the woman. As for
prejudice in the community standing in the way
of a fair and impartial trial, although the char-
acter of the homicide was such as to provoke a
natural indignation,it was simply impossible that
the Court or the jury should have refused a fair
and impartial trial to such a defendant. There
&as that in her ignorance and mental degradation
and imbecility to have rendered a vindictive
prosecution impossible in any enlightened com
munity.
As there was no room for a doubt, reasonable
or unreasonable, about the commission of the
crime by the accused, so from first to last she
has never affected to deny it or set up any de
fence whrtever, other than that she wanted the
money and killed the child to obtain it It was
a case which the best counsel in Christendom
could have made nothing more or less of. And
as to inexperienced counsel, her leading counsel
was L. N. 'Whittle, one of onr ablest barristers,
assisted by John P. Fort, a young but well in
formed lawyer.
The mental imbecility of this miserable crea
ture seems to us the only plea in the procla
mation possessing force. We have never seen
her, but the city editor of this paper held along
conversation with her on the evening before the
day appointed for her execution, and when all,
including herself, expected she would be hnng
in less than twenty-four hours. He came away
so impressed with the utter stupidity of the wo
man that his first expression to the writer was
that “it was a shame to hang her.” Sho mani-
fested’an entire absence of remorse or pity or
fear, or sensibility of any sort, and seemed (o
be in fact bnt a vciy small remove from a brute.
Indeed the act of killing a poor little child in
so barbarous a manner for a few cents to spend
in cake and candy, and the indifference of the
murderer to self-concealment afterwards and
self-defence when arrested, all show an
absence to a very great extent of the capacity
to feel the moral sanctions of crime, and might
possibly raise a question whether a convicted
and self-confessed murderess of so cruel a char
acter (as to the deed,) was yet sufficiently an ac-
conntable moral agent to be held to the penalty
of the law.
We have no doubt she was, and that even on
this point the Executive clemency has been
misapplied, and that interposition in a case of
each flagrant murder is calculated to have a bad
effect on society.
The people are not apt to complain of Execu
tive clemency, bnt just now the complaints
are rife and forcible. They emanate from
grand juries and other sources which should
not charged with partisan motives. Let the
Governor heed them, and let the law take its
conrse unless there is better reason for Execu
tive interference than is shown in the case of
Henrietta Greer.
Ccthbebt Agricultural Society.—We have
a letter from A. Hood, Esq., imparting the'iu-
formation that the Cnthbert Agricultural Soci
ety have determined to encamp on the Fair
Gronnd, daring the State Fair, and asking us
to have a suitable location assured them and
staked off. The matter shall be referred at
onc9 to the proper officers, and good quarters
secured for Cnthbert.
Troubled with Mosey.—Forney’s Press, of
the 14th instant, says:
Tho Southern planters are already discussing
the question what to do with the immense anr-
plus profits to bo realized from the cotton crop.
We have seen some discussion of that subject
by Southern editors, but hare not yet met with
a single planter harrassed by doubts about how
he shall dispose of his “immense surplus pro
fits.’!
Heavy Cotton Operations.—Eight hundred
and eleven bales of cotton were sold in Macon
yesterday, and, we rejoice to say, on an im
proving market. An advance of one cent was
established daring the day. The receipts also
were heavy, and amounted to six hundred and
forty bales.
Homicide.—The Enfanla papers, of Thurs
day, say that an altercation occurred on Tnes
day last, near that city, between Mr. Jacob
Palmer and Mr. Jno. Grubbs, in whioh the lat
ter drew a revolver and commenced firing.
Three of the shots took effect upon Mr. F., and
proved fatal in about a half honr. No reliable
particniars given by either paper.
At the earnest solicitation of the public, Dr.
Hunter will remain in Maoon one month longer,
and w»i be consulted at his offioe, No. 70 Mul
berry street, upon all diseases of the Head,
Throat and Chest, including Chronic Catarrh,
Chronic Sore Throat, Bronchitis, Asthma, and
Consumption, to whioh class of diseases he de
votes his attention exclusively.
What is Bust and its Cause and Cube.—The
reader will find a very intelligent disquisition
upon these points in f.M« edition of the Tele
graph.
Cook, Coburn & Taylor, Advertising Agents,
Cincinnati, have issued a beautiful work of 350
pages, being a complete list of newspapers, pe
riodioals and magazines published in the United
8tt«a and Territories.
The Fair—Accommodations.
We received Friday -night-a note from A.
Hood, Esq., of Cnthbert, in'behalf of the Cntfc-'
hert Agricultural Association, announcing that
the Association would attend the Fair prepared
to camp out; and requesting us to secure aprop-
er and convenient allotment of gronnd for the
Association and have itstakedoutandreserved.
Cnthbert shall be attended to, and a convenient
space “pre-empted” according to their request.
What area.will the Association require?
In reference to the inquiries of 'correspon
dents, whose communications appear in this
number, we sought an interview with Secretary
Lewis, yesterday, bnt he had gone to Stewart
to make an agricultural speech. However, from
what we learned from tho gentlemen in charge,
we have no doubt that all the railroads will pursue
a very liberal policy in meeting tho wants of
the people and contributing to the. success of
the Fair.
We believe they will all run accommodation
trains, reaching Macon at eight or nine o’clock
in the morning, and leaving, say at five or sixin
the ovening, so as to transport visitors from the
neighboring counties at low rates and conve
nient hours. An arrangement of this kind, we
hope, will give the people of Spalding, Pike,
Monroe, Taylor, Sumpter, Macon, Houston,
Twiggs, Pulaski, Washington, Wilkinson, Bald
win and Putnam convenient and easy access to
the exhibition by rail—reaching here and .re
turning the same day, if they desire.
But wo anticipate that large numbers of Agri
cultural Clubs, and neighborhoods and families
will prefer to come to Macon prepared to camp,
and ns the vicinity of tho Fair grounds is highly
favorable camping gronnd, with good weather it
will be undoubtedly the most pleasant and en
joyable mode of attending tho Fair. There will
be abundance of company and fun, and wo an
ticipate the whole area around the campus will
be one vast agricultural campmeeting.
For those who will depend on hotel and house
shelter, the best practicable arrangement must
be made. The hotels, we think, by packing
closely, will be able to provide for two thousand.
Private hospitality will shelter and provide for
many more, and there must be provision to en
list those in the work who will not feel them
selves financially able to entertain guests, but
who, nevertheless, have comfortable shelter and
tables for the weary or the hungry. The City
Council or Committee should invite all who have
room and are willing to entertain guests for
compensation, to register, so that visitors can be
introduced to their homes. It will bo an occa
sion demanding the largest hospitality of our
people, and we have no doubt it will be exer
cised. *
Another point is ample supplies of provisions.
The grocers, poultry and fish men—the butch
ers and all, must calculate on a consumption in
creased abont 200 per cent at least and provide
liberally and of the best that can be had.
The signs promise a very heavy attendance
from all quarters, and of many distingnised per
sonages. The letters of acceptance from men
of national reputation, now make up a good
thick book. There is a great curiosity among
the people of tho North to see the South and
talk with tho Southern people. The Fair has
already assumed an aspect of national import
ance. The committee, in extending their infl
ations, coached them in the most cordial and
: 'riendly terms, and the spirit of tho replied is
all that could be desired. Thus, while it is and
will be simply an agricultural and mechanical
fair, it seems to be aLso understood as a meeting
to bury the hatchet and to reestablish relations
of fraternity between the sections of the country
so lately engaged in bitter and deadly strife.
The Cotton Crop of Last Year.
Speculating upon the difference in the esti
mate of the Shipping List and its own, the
Charleston Courier says:
In onr issue of Tuesday, wo alluded to the
crop statement of the New York Shipping and
Commercial List, and said there were seeming
discrepancies in its figures. "We have since ex
amined it more minntely, and find it has made
a distinction between the cotton shipped to Eu
ropean and Northern markets and that consumed
in the Sonthem States, by ignoring entirely in
the summing np of its general table the amonnt
consumed in the Sonthem States. In other
words, it makes the “ total crop of the United
States" for the year ending August 31, 18G9,
2,260,557 bales, which includes only such cotton
as has been shipped to Northern and European
ports, omitting the amonnt put down for Sonth
em consumption, (173,000 bales,) which, added
to the 2,260,557 bales sent to Northern and Eu
ropean markets, would give a total of 2,433,537
hades. We are at a loss to conjecture why the
Shipping List has exclnded the Sonthem con
sumption from its general estimate of the crop,
whilst in another table it gives tho “approximate
growths of cotton” for a series of years, in ronnd
numbers, making the growth of the year I860,
2,414,000 bales.
The Trial of Shureiniui.
The Washington dispatches to the Herald, of
the 14th, say:
The Criminal Court to-day took np the case
of James H. A. Shoreman, indicted for remov
ing papers from the Treasury; in having, on
tho 20th day of April, 1867, taken eighty papers
printed and stamped, and in part prepared to be
issued on behalf of the United States, ns circu
lating notes of the First National Bank, Jersey
City, each of the denomination of $100, and
also eighty papers of the same, each of the de
nomination of fifty dollars. Counsel for the
prisoner asked a postponement of the case, and
presented an affidavit of the accused that an
important witness, H. M. Turner, is absent in
Georgia, and that Mrs'. Elizabeth Johnson,
another important witness, is too sick to be
present. The District Attorney, Mr. Carring
ton, with some warmth, argued that the affidavit
did not comply with the requirements of the
statute, adding that they (the prosecution) ex
pected to prove the witness Turner was really
particeps criminis.
Jnnge Fisher said that as the case had been
pending now for eighteen months he considered
this proposed evidence should be inquired into.
In answer to Jndge Fisher, the aoensed said he
has reason to believe that Turner' will testify
the indentical notes or papers were taken by
another party. The case was adjourned till
Monday.
Tennessee Pomology.—The Nashville Union
and American speaks of a single grapevine on
the premises of Mr. E. D. Payne, in South
Nashville, which oontains three thonsandbnnches
of grapes! It is of the Catawba variety.
The same paper has the following upon Ten
nessee apples:
Thos. Gartiand brought to onr offioe yester
day‘evening eight varieties of apples, which are
the finest specimens we have seen this season.
They were grown in the orchard of John Hard
ing, near Stone’s river. The sample before ns
measures sixteen inches in oirenmferenee, and
on an average weigh eighteen ounces each. A
package of tho aforesaid will be sent to the
Pomological Convention, which oonvenes the
present week in Philadelphia.
It is reported in Boston that Mrs. Stowe is so
overcome by the unexpected reception of her
article on Lord Byron, that she is qnite ilL
Domestic afflictions and grief are assigned as
the cause of her imprudence in publishing the
astiote.
ET5T TELE G^R-AiDPEE.
The Western Crops.
Col. Jones, of the Cnthbert Appeal, who has
just returned from a tour North and West,
says:
Suffer, however, a word of advice. A period
of scarcity and famine is soon to ensne over a
region of country of unparalleled extent. From
Middle Georgia to the groat lakes and the Mis
sissippi river on the one hand, and from the
Pennsylvania line all along the Atlantic slope,
until yon strike the cotton belt proper of tho
South on tho other, the com crop is a hopeless
failure. We assert this from personal observa
tion and careful inquiry in a large portion of
that region. Many fields will not produce one
peck per acre, and but for an average yield of
wheat, those rich, grain-growing districts would
themselves be forced to become importers of
the cereals.
As it is, hundreds of farmers are already driv
ing their stock to the Northwest for pasturage,
or selling them at reduced prices. The hog
crop is abundant, bnt much of it cannot be pro
perly fatted, and if sold at all, most go to the
shambles in a lean condition.
We are thus particular in reciting these facts,
because there is yet time for the South to pro
tect herself against the famine prices of the
coming year by a wise and timely foresight in
the premises. It is not too late even now to
raise on land well enriched a good crop of rata
baga turnips, which are excellent to fatten
stock. A portion of the oat crop too should be
sowed this fall, and the remainder in January,
to insure either an early or late crop.
Pastures of rye and barley also should be
fenced off and laid down in due season, or at
least all hill-sides beginning to wash should be
devoted to that purpose. It will save the land
and pay better than any other crop.
In addition, let fall crops of millet be planted
and highly manured next spring, andafewacres
of early peas, which are fully equal to com when
ripe, for males. These precautions with tho
proper economy in dealing out winter food and
provender to stock, will make ns independent of
the West another season for supplies.
Without them, the condition of the planter
will be pitiable indeed.
True, we have been blessed with a fair yield
of corn in Southwest Georgia, bnt who does not
know that enough was not planted for the wants
of onr own people?
We do earnestly trust therefore, that, the
above remarks may be heeded and receive a
practical application.
Albany Cotton market.
Albany, September 16, 1869.
Bat very little has been done since onr last
report in sales. The declines have come so
heavy and in such rapid succession that buyers
have almost entirely abandoned the market.
Receipts have also fallen off from what was ex
pected. Planters are content to gather the crop
and wait farther developments—being satisfied
of a short crop, they have wisely determined
for once to hold and take the chances for higher
prices. We omit quotations.
Statement.
Bales.
Beceived at warehouses for the week
ending September 16 804
Beceived at warehouses previously 822
Total receipts at warehouses 1626
Total shipments from warehouses 1145
Stock in Warehouses 381
Failing to procure a fall report from the
officers of the Southwestern Bailroad, we are
only ably to report that they have shipped to
Macon, Savannah and New York, a total of
1694 bales. How much they have received
from wagons, or now have in store, we are not
advised. Hope they will do better next time
The Avondale Horror.
verdict of the coroner s jury.
The Coroner’s jury has retained the following
verdict in the Avondale disaster :
That the said Palmer Steele and others came
to their deaths in the Avondale mines; that the
cause of their death was the exhaustion of at
mospheric air, or a prevalence of sulphuric and
carbonio acid gases in the said Avondale mines,
caused by the burning of the head house and
breaker at said mine on the 6th day of Septem
ber, thereby destroying the air-courses leading
from the mine through the shaft; that the fire
originated from the furnace in the mines taking
effect on the wooden brettioe in the np-cast air-
course leading from the bottom of' the shaft to
the lead-honse. The jury regard the present
system of mining in a large number of mines
now working by shafts as insecure and unsafe
to the miners, and would strongly recommend,
in all cases where practicable two places for in
gress and egress, and a mot* perfect ventilation;
thereby rendering greater security to the life of
the miners under any similar accident.
From Washington. r
Washington, September 17.—Capt. E. McBarron
Timoney, of Georgia, has been appointed Consol to
Tumbz, Peru.
Bevenne to-day over half million dollars.
Hoff has failed in two efforts to connect with Sec-'
re tary of the Navy, Robeson, to whom he desired
report orally regarding Cuba.
It seems to be understood that the treasury sales
of gold and the -purchase of bonds would last
throughout October. Speculators are operating on
this hypothesis.
Delano forbids packages of smoking tobacco to
weigh over one pound.
Spinner certifies that certain Confederate secu
rities, submitted to him by thoPrussian Government
are genuine, adding, however, that they are worth
less. Their genuineness affects certain heavy law
suits in Germany.
Boutwell’s catechism, which involves the biogra
phy of allTreasniy employees, was answered to-day.
Several clerks, male and female, resigned, rather
than submit to tho inquisition.
Judge Advocate Clinton, relieved from duty in
the Department of the South, is ordered to report
for duty in the Fifth Military District. Judge Ad
vocate Goodfellow relievos Clinton.
Consul Dudley, at Liverpool, reports infectious
cattle; the disease firBt attacking the hoof, then
tho mouth from tho licking of the hoof. Animals
of different species contract the disease from each
other.
Only a half of one million of gold, offered by the
Government yesterday, was taken.
Marian Harris, indicted at Macon, Ga., for pass
ing counterfeit money, swears, as State’s evidence,,
that Shuerman, tho person on trial, took her to the
house of H. M. Turner, late post-master at Macon,
Ga.. and left on her bed thirteen hundred dollars,
telling her that if asked whoro she got so largo a
sum, to say sho found it Her attempt to pass a
portion of this mofioy caused her arrest. Shuor-
mantoldMaiy Harris the money conld bo passed
South, bnt not North. Three negroes are on the
jury.
Washington, Sept. 18.—Secretary Boutwell has
returned.
It is stated that Capt. Wiggins sailed from Phila
delphia with arms and extra men to take command
of tho steamer Hornet recently sailed from Halifax
with a destination for Cuba.
Tlie Postofllco Department payB fifty thousand
dollars premium per year on gold required for for
eign service.
Recent Cuban letters rovive the probability of a
severe battle having taken place at and near Los
Tunas. Authentic details are inaccessible.
The Assistant Secretary of the Treasury has three
weeks leave to hold a Massachusetts court.
Revenue receipts to-day $320,000.
Hoax is tho only member of the Cabinet absent.
Much of wbat has been stated as the policy of the
administration on the subject of Cuban affairs, is
mere conjecture—nothing has been done beyond
tho instruction to Minister Sickles, to offer the
United States as a mediator. There is no present
prospect that belligerent rights will be recognized.
The administration will, however, enforce the neu
trality laws and respect its treaty obligations. There
is no doubt its sympathies are with the Cabans, and
in all it may do, it will act with discretion, with a
view of effecting a settlement of the question in a
manner that will bo satisfactory to all parties in
terested.
General News.
New York, September 17.—Judd’s Linseed Works
on Cherry street, were ; buried last night—loss two
hundred thousand dollars. { . . . ‘ ,
Cincinnati, September 19.4-The Democratic Con
vention to-day nominated a ticket consisting of half
Democrats and half Republicans.
Harbisbubo, Penn., September 17—Gov. Geary
has appointed a full delegation to the Southern
Commercial Convention at Louisville, Ey., on the
12th of October.
Union, N. J., September 17.—Frederick Branzert
fatally stabbed his two eons during a family quar
rel.
Santa Fe, September 17.—The Indians are killing
women and children, and driving away mnch stock.
Memthis, September 17.—Waddy Thompson, ar
rested with Perry Fuller for alleged revenue frauds,
was taken from the cars at Gallatin, Tenn., en route
for Now Orleans, on habeas corpus and brought to
Memphis, hut released on tho ground that revenue
officers conld only commit or hail, but not send
prisoners from State to State. Thompson was im
mediately re-arrested, bnt afterwards rcloased on
bail.
St. Louis, September 17.—Tho cigar factory at
Carlurvillo, Illinois, with sixty thousand cigars, has
been seized for a violation of revenue laws.
Denver, September 17.—A dispatch says the Re
publicans have a clear majority in the Colorado
Legislature.
The Executive Committee on the National Capitol
removal in convention, resolved, where Governors
refuse to appoint to a seat delegates, they are ap
pointed by members of Congress.
Richmond, September 17.—Tho State Central
Conservative Committee has adopted a resolution
advising against the election of U. S. Senators at
the meeting of the Legislature October 5th.
Boston, Sept. 18.—Steamer aground on Lumber
Point. Enterpo here for coal.
Tho Boston Daily Advertiser learns that a gentle
man just arrived from Martha’s Vineyard, that a
party of Gayhead Indians wont off yesterday to a
steamer, two miles from land, and found her to be
an iron dad war vessel, carrying eighteen steel guns.
They fraternized with the steward of tho steamer,
and on reaching shore reported that she was a Cu
ban privatoer. They saw between deck a large
body of men, tho steward saying thero were 300.
The steward also said her armor and plating was
four inches thick. A large schoonor was lying
alongside the steamer, meanwhile throwing off a
large volume of smoke, so as to conceal the schoon
er. The steamer is supposed to be of five thousand
tons.
Louisville, September 18.—Millard Fillmore has
been appointed a delegate, and trill attend and pre
side at the organization of tho Commercial Conven-
at Louisville.
New York, September 18.—As the railroad lines
South of Louisville, Ky., and especially those run
ning to Nashville, Memphis, New Orleans and Mo
bile, are all blockaded with freight, the agents of
the different lines in New York are, in consequence,
refusing to givo rates or receipts to points beyond
Louisville. TliiB blockade does not interfere with
passenger business. The meeting of railroad men,
held in this city in the early part of the week on tho
subject of increased rates of freight, resulted in
nothing.
Portaoe Cecy, Wib., September 18.—Pat Wildeck,
a highwayman, was taken from the jail here to-day
and hanged.
Niagara Falls, September 18.—An unknown man
threw himself into the falls to-day, after, with de
liberation, taking off his coat. He was instantly
killed.
Quebec, September 18.—The manager of the
Quebec branch of the Montreal Bank has absconded
with $50,000 or tho Bank’s funds.
Philadelphia, September 18.—Dr. Ben]. Dorr,
Rector of Christ Church, is dead, aged 73 years.
Fortress Monroe, Sept. 18.—In a dense fog the
George Leary and Sue both collided with schooners.
Havana, Sept. 18.—The Florida has arrived from
Vera Cruz with advices that all parties in Mexico
represent more tranquility among the people than
*°The*8chooner Dyer, from New York for Texas, at
Matariaaa in distress, and afterwards detained as a
fillibuster, boen discharged.
foreign New*.
Paris, September 17.—The Emperor appeared on
the streets yesterday.
London, September 17.—The Star, Radical organ,
states that the difficulty between the United States
and Spain on the Cuban question is in a fair way of
settlement. The rumor of a proclamation guaran
teeing religions liberty and freedom of election will
shortly bs issued by the Spanish Government. It
is a better omen, but If reports of ths conduct of
the military government in Cuba are true, conces
sions must be prefaced by one more essential,
namely : that Cubans be permitted to live to enjoy
them.
London, Sept. 18.—It is rumored that Napoleon
is abont abdicating.in favor of bis son bat retaining
the Presidency of the Council.
Thomas Graham, Master of the Mint and an em
inent chemist, is dead.
Madrid, Sept.'18,—It is thought that the Wash
ington Government will be more conciliatory since
Sickles’ dispatches that the temper of the Spanish
peoplo would compel the Government to continue
tho war for the suppression of the Cuban insurrec
tion.
The King of Italy consents to tbe selection of the
Duke of Geneva as King of Spain.
The workmens’ strike at Barcelona is assuming
alarming proportions.
Paris. September 18.—The Empress departs east
ward on the 2d of October.
from Mississippi.
Jackson, September 18.—There was a large and
enthusiastic meeting of the National Republicans
here to-day, to ratify the State ticket—Judge Amos
B. Johnson, Chairman. Speeches were made by
Judge Jeffords, of California; McCloy, John F.
HarriB, colored, and many others.
Judge Dent, Gen. Lowry and Thos. Sinclair
opened the canvass to-day at Corinth. Their list
of appointments extend to election day.
A State Fair will be hold here from tho 26th to
the 80th of October. Tbe grounds are rapidly be
ing repaired and extensive preparations are making
for the accommodation of visitors and their wares
Accident on South Carolina Railroad.
Charleston, Sept. 18.—A terrible accident occur
red to the night train from Charleston, on tho South
Carolina Railroad before daylight this morning. A
large tree had fallen across the trestle at Congaree
swamp, and the engine and part of the train were
precipitated into tho swamp. The engine blow np,
setting tho cars and trestle on fire. About 600 feet
of the trestle were burned. No passengers injured.
Engineer Hargrove and fireman Gilbert were killed.
Fireman Barnes was seriously wounded.
From Mexico.
City of Mexico, September 12 Escobedo has ar
rived.
A now lighthouse has been erectod at the mouth
of tho CoatzacoalcoB river.
Juarez has formed a now cabinet. IgleBeas,
Judge of tho Supremo Court, and most of the old
members will bo retained.
Tho trial of military conspirators resulted in a
sentence of three to ten years’ imprisonment.
Six miles of the railway to Puebla has been com
ploted.
Tho capitulation of the rebels at Tamatdipas is
confirmed.
Tbe Drought iu Virginia.
Tho telegrams to tho Louisville Conrier-
Joumal have the following upon the drought in
Virginia:
A letter from Louisa county, Virginia, gives
a gloomy account of the effects of the recent
drought which still continues. It is believed
that tho crop of com this year will average
from one-third to one-fourth of the usual quan
tity made on the land. Tho land has been so
dry that very little if any fallowing has been
done. Some farmers will begin to cut tobacco
this week. The best judges say that the tobacco
crop this year will ho of a very inferior quality”
and in quantity will be but little more than one-
third of what was made last year. Many farm
ers who planted from 15,000 to 20,000 plants
last spring will not make more than an average
of one hundred pounds per acre.
A good many negro men near the line of
Spottsylvania and Louisa counties, finding that
the farmers can give them no employment, are
leaving the country and going to Fredericksburg
and AVarrenton. The negroes are beginning to
fear that there will not be any work for them
next year. Many farmers do not expect to em
ploy hands next year, as they will not have pro
visions to feed them. A majority of the creek
mills in Lonisa and Spottsylvania are dried np.
fbe 'Canse of Senator Fessenden’s
Death.
From the Portland Press.]
A post mortem, examination of the body of
Senator Fessenden was made on Thursday
morning. It was fonnd that just above where
the smaller bowels enter into the largor the
canal had contracted so as to be entirely closed,
and the bewels, for a foot or more above the ob
struction, were in a high state of inflammation.
A perforation was also found above the obstruc
tion, and it was the opinion of the physicians
that at the time he first called the doctor, on
Tuesday, the 31st day of August, he made this
ruptnro, and that human skill conld avail noth
ing toward saving his life; and that when he
felt the severe pain a few hoars before his
death, after returning to his bed, he probably
increased this rapture, bringing on immediate
dissolution; that this trouble had been coming
on for somo time back, Mr. Fessenden having
been a sufferer from chronio diarrhoea for at
least a year past; and that the few days before
the physicians were called, the constipation,
which he looked upon as a favorable sign to
ward restoring a healthy action to the Bystem,
was really a most alarming symptom.
Maine Flection.
Augusta, Me., September 16.—Returns from
283 cities and towns show a total vote of 70,981.
Chamberlain received 38,938; Smith 28.259;
Hickbom 3,754. Chamberlain’s majority over
both is 6,965. The Republicans have carried
every county on the local ticket except Aroos
took and Knox.
Returns from 831 cities and towns give Cham
berlain 41,671; Smith 30,078. Hickbom’s vote
will not exceed 4,500, and Chamberlain’s major
ity will be 7,500. The Senate stands—27 Re-
peblicans, 3 Democrats, and 1 doubtful. The
House will probably stand—126 Republicans, 25
Democrats.
The following resolutions were passed by the
Democrats of Mercer, one of the strongest
Democratic counties in Ohio:
Resolved by the Democracy of Mercer county,
in convention assembled, That we are in favor
of tho repudiation of the bonded debt of the
United States.
Resolved, That onr members of Congress be
requested to vote against appropriations pro
viding for the payment of the salaries of tho
Assessors and Collectors of Internal Revenue,
or the interest on the bonded debt.
Dried top.—The weather has been dry so long
that everything in the vegetable line has gone
np. Sweet potatoes are very short, (the crop,
as well the potatoes,) turnips have not come up,
and “greens” are no more. If wo don’t have
rain soon, we shall request the city council to
make an appropriation for turning Flint river
into onr town and attaching a sprinkler to it.
No doubt Judge Ransom would favor the ap
propriation.—Griffin Georgian.
The Oyster Season.—The approaching
oyster season promises to be one of the larg
est. we have had. and hoth the catchers and
packers have made extensive preparations.—
New houses are being built, and every vessel
that can he put into service is cither ready,
or will bo, in a tew days. The rumor that
the drum fish had destroyed all that were
planted in the vicinity of New York will
somewhat increase the demand for small oys
ters to plant, and there is not a dealer in this
city that has not very large orders to fill tbe
coming winter. On Monday wc saw several
loads ready for shipment, and if the weather
remains coni, business will commence early
this fall.—Nofolk Herald.
Lords Waltenpark and Puget and Gener
als Sturgis and Custar, and others, went on a
buffalo lmot near Hayes City, Kansas, on
Wednesday, and killed forty buffaloes in five
hours.
The wives of two negro aldermen of Mis
sissippi nearly killed each other in a little
difference of opinion as to which had the
preference of the other by virtue of her hus
band’* office. •>
The college of the city of New York has
beeni in consultation; abotit retaining a pro
fessorship of Greek and.La tin. After a long
discussion, the classics won by a vote of trus
tees—eight to one.
“Do you call this a trunk ?” growled a de
jected porter. “It only needs a lightning-
rod to be mistaken for a boarding house.”
A far-sighted New York tobacconist has
set up as a. sign tho effigy of a female in
jBloomer ccstume.^i .. •* 7 . • j-V,
Frost.—The upper sections of Alleghany,
county, Maryland, wore visited by a heavy
frost on Wednesday of .last.week, and the late
buckwheat and vegetation were injured se-
igBrwm<. ,• .5 if*5rtf
Stokes says the Republican party has
“gone to hell,” and Prentice adds that it
conld certainly have gone to no place where
ho (Stokes) would haVe been more apt to
find it again. v. y ■„
Bast In Cotton. ■ ytki
From the Enfanla New*-]
The cry of the blighting and destructive
effects of the rust on the cotton crop, is com
ing to ,us from all sections of the country, and
jt' is believed that its damages, this year, will
be equal to that of the caterpillar or the boll
worm. These are are the three formidable
enemies to the growing cotton weed and its
fruit. i
Planters were, in slavery times, content to
cut down and clear up tbe primeval forests,
bought at low prices, and open fresh fields
abounding in vegetable mould, potash, and
the salts of fertility, and-.to appoint overseers
to drive negroes and mules, to make large
crops and wear out the land, and then to
move westward, in quest of a new theatre for
similar operations. The planters knew as
little as the overseer—the overseer a little
more than the negro about correct husbandry
and culture, and-the. negro not much more
than the mule. But all combined, and doing
w ork on virgin soil, they made good crops,
developed immense resources, and exported
njore consumable commodities to Europe and
other countries, than all the other sections of
the Union.
But a great revolution has intervened, and
we are In the beginuing of a new order of
.things. The free negro "has not; since the
war, and will not, in the future, at least in
onr times, clear any forests, reclaim swamp
lands, and open up new fields for culture.
We have therefore to “accept the situation,”
work our cleared lands, enter upon an im
proved culture, strive for progress, and make
the most we can, with tho materials before
us. Thequestion of the rust is of great im
portance and magnitude. We propose to
consider it in three points of view—its an
tiquity, its nature and the remedies to check
it.
1. Its Antiquity—As far back as authen
tic history reaches, we have the.accounts of
the ravages of the rust. The Old Bible is tbe
most ancient of all histories. Moses and the
prophets bear ample testimony to its preva
lence in Eastern Asia, in that remote age
and country. It is enumerated as one of tbe
instruments which an offended Deity em
ployed to chastise tbe disobedient Israelites.
It was always denounced in threats, as well
as in actual punishments. The great terror
held over that people, and often inflicted, in
the language of the inspired writers, was
“pestilence, blasting, rust, locusts, caterpil
lars and famine.”
Still later, the Roman and Grecian author
ities speak of it as destructive to the crops
of their respective countries in Southern Eu
rope. In the meridian blaze of Roman Lit
erature, knowledge and power, Virgil, the
most learned of their poets in agricultural
matters, alludes to the Rust, with what was
deemed a partial remedy for its damages to
small grain:
“ Mox et frnmentis labor additns, ut mala cnlmos,
Esset Rubigo, segnisque horreret in arris
Carduus.”—Georgica, Lib. 1,160.
Here he states that “ labor 1 ’ (culture) was
resorted to, to prevent the “ Rubigo” (rust)
from damaging their crops.
Horace, his contemporary, barely speaks of
it as the “ sterilis Rubigo,” the blasting rust.
Horace knew the wines, whether from the
Massic, the Falernian, or Formian hills, but
particularly the “Veterum Caecubum” of
Maecenas, whilst lie knew but little, and
cared less for agriculture.
But the prevalence of rust was so destruc
tive that the Romans, at an early period, in
stituted feasts to the Deity Robigus, com-,
posed of prayers, sacrifices and obscenities,
to avert the calamities. And still later: in
England and oh the continent the rust an
nually continues to inflict its damages upon
their cereal crops—wheat, rye, oats and
barley.
In America the rust not only affects the
small grain, which it generally destroys in
the Gulf States, but also our chief crop for
revenue—cotton. In the year 1859 the rust
extended over all the Southern States, in
volving the grass and trees of the forests to
such an extent that the deer and cattle, feed
ing on the wild woodland pastures, died by
countless thousands from a disease called the
black tongue.
2. Its Character — What is it?—Bo
tanists and scientific men have placed the vis
ible phenomena beyond all debate. When
in “full blast,” it is a parasitic plant of the
Fungus Family. The Fungi cover the stalks
of cereals, and. like the small-pox, become
confluent. These minute plants arc the low
est order of vegetable growth, and only ve
getato in a cellular state, like mushrooms.—
Up-starting (to coin a word) upon the sickly
or decomposing leaves of the cotton stalk,
their roots ramify and consume the sap and
food in its upward tendency, which, other
wise, would give vitality and development
to the cotton stalk, leaves, and fruit Hence,
when the rust sets np in cotton, the growth
of the plant is stopped, tbe leaves die and
drop off, and all farther fruiting ceases.
This damage is sometimes partial, varying
in tbe extent of its damage, as it is checked
or increased by the season and temperatures.
These fungi, or small clustering plants, of a
yellow or redish hue, invisible as such to the
naked eye, yet under the microscope are seen
and known to have roots and seed. Hence
Botanists say that the rust is vegetable
fungus.
Now all that is claimed, as already stated,
is fully conceded to be true, so far as the facts
are concerned; but facts are not truths, but
only the elements of truths. We must go
beyond these facts and find out the cause
which produces the fungus growth.
As tbe yellow skin and the yellow eyes are
not tbe yellow Jaundice, but only the effect
and evidence of the diseaser as umbilicated
pustules are not the small-pox, but only the
effect and evidence of it; as the black vomit
is not the yellow fever, but only the effect
and evidence of it; and so on u ad infinitum,”;
ruddy yellow Fungus on cotton leaves is not
the rpst, but only the effects and evidence of
it. In the vegetable, as in the animal econo
my, we submit, that all contagious diseases
are caused by aniraalculce. This is not re
ceived by Botanists, nor even thought of, or
entertained, at any time—but they only look
to the effects and not to the cause of the dis
ease—and call those visible evidences of the
disease—rust.
Now this is not a verbal criticism, but a
reality—and it should be clearly understood.
That animalculsc are the cause of rust, can
wc think, be sustained, from the analogies of
all contagious diseases, as well as from posi
tive proot
Some years ago, I conducted some experi
meats, based upon the idea that animalcules
were destroying the leaves of the cotton
plant, and I successfully stopped the Rust.
Knowing that sulphur smoke would kill
any and all insects, I fumigated the rust in a
cotton patch, with powdered sulphur mixed
with the dead, rotted heart of a dead pine
tree, crumbled into a long-handled frying-
pan. I dragged the smoking pan on the
ground, up on one side and down the ether,
immediately under the stalks of the infected
rows, thus sending dense volumes of sulphur
smoke through all tbe cotton branches and
leaves. The result was, the animalcules were
all killed, the cause of the disease stopped,
and in the fall of tbe year the eye could not
discover where the rust previously appeared,
but a full and new crop of leaves and cotton
followed.
And this view is supported by the analogy
of human contagious diseases. The doctors
in the latter, like the botanists in the former
case, confound the effect and the cause—a
radical error in all such reasoning.
The “causa causans.”—that without which
the disease cculd not occur nor exist—that
which produced it, is quite a different thing
from the developed effect. Cholera, yellow
fever, small-pox, measles, the itch, in fact all
contagious diseases are caused by different
species of animalcules. One species attacks
the stomach and causes yellow fever; an
other the intestines, and causes cholera; an
other the external skin and the mucous mem
brane, and the type of disease issm&ll-pox;
and so on, for all contagious maladies; they
are mere abnormal action of tissues, caused
by tbe attacks of different species of animal-
culm, upon different parts of tbe system, and
producing those different effect* which, doc
tors call diseases.
' ;
A teamed physician does n<* thrust®^
cine hrto the human system to
ticuiar disease,as a boy shoots shot from «
to kill birds, hut he simply,combats gv »
toms, well knowing that abnormal action
moved, normal action will be restored ' fe '
is health.
'.which
These animalcule, whether created to *
upon vegetables or animals, increase and J
produce their species by myriads, product
epidemics. Blight, mildew, dry rot ?
ergot, rust arc all produced by animal
The rust generally appears in small natrt
on sour and sandy soils, but seldom on
alluvial lands where clay predominates.
the plants grow off in healthy vigor r
sour land9 vitiate the juices which f^a a
plants and produce sickly leaves; andS'
soil is subject to variable temperatures f., 1
rains and the cooling effects of evapoiV -11
which produce the same effect; and
sickly leaves invite the animalcule, and ir
in such localities that the rust starts ' 15
The animalcule, perforating the lei
induce decomposition, which sends forth ti'
fungus, as decomposing beds of manure
vegetable matter send forth mush-rooms
God has impressed laws upon all soils ,,„T
certain conditions^ which different etalT
spontaneously come forth, without the few
tion of seed. TCa-
These views are submitted because! i
lieve them to be true, well knowing thaAh
ate hot orthodox, atpresent among Bnt»nt5
and the Medical Faculty. But the time win
come when they will be acknowledged
my purpose is merely to direct attention *7
the subject, that future investigation
discover the truth, so that knowing the trr
causes of rust, we may the more understand
inglv discover tho remedies to prevent T-
visitation, or to check it in its ravages
3. The Remedies for tbe Rust—
we contemplate how little progress "has been
made • in the medical world, with all it-
schools and colleges for the advancement 4
science, in the knowledge of the causes and
in the cure of contagious diseases; wken*»
see eminent men devoting their lives to these
studies and investigations for hundreds of
years, and confess that the field of knowledge
is not only barren of satisfactory results btt
that darkness broods around and upon it-
shall we be surprised that planters, C nnfe«.
edly deriders of science and progress, shoo'd
know so little about the diseases of thos
growths, which clothe and feed them. a;:d
add so much to our national wealth { ’
What progress has been made after yean
of study, investigation and nractic» ia tb
cure of cholera, and the yellovf fever 1 Tfcr
still baffle medical skill, whilst even, theft
causes are in dispute. And can the planter;
expect to prevent orcontrol the rustincottos
without much study, investigation and prac
tice ? We planters are, beyond all question,
the most ignorant of onr vocation of all classes
of society. This should not be. Theculttue
of the earth is-a noble and honorable wort-
it will be more so when directed byknotf-
edge. We can even now dimly see the dawa
of a brighter day. We have a great work of
study and practice before us, of ditching,sub-
soiling, resting land, and the compound;::
of manures, so as t;o keep down the rust.
As already stated, Virgil, the representi-
tive intellect of the Romans, in agricultcnl
matters, recommended ploughing, to subdue
the rust in small grain, but reflected to give
any directions about it. In England, it has
been observed that wheat, growing near the
sea shore, and even a few. miles inland, is no!
subject to the rust, clearly owing to theefect
of salt vapor upon the soil, and the grorieg
grain. This suggested, the experiments of
sprinkling brine on rusted wheat,-which to
followed with tbe most favorable results.The
salt, combining with- the Fungi, which us
mostly water, absorbs and dries themup, and
strikes down into the tender roots, and kills
them outright, Three pecks of salt to one
barrel of water would make a proper brine.
As the rust in cotton is’thesame as that it
w’heat, only produced by different species of
animalculaj, or if you refuse this tbeoiy, then,
only producing different species of fungi, the
remedy is well worth a trial when the last
first appears.
Salt, ploughed in gardens in the fall, is
said, on-the best authority, to exterminate
the cut-worm ; and why not try it on those
parts of fields where the rust usually nebes
its first appearance ? Besides, salt so ploughed
in is a valuable manure, being composed
principally of soda, one of the best of fertil
izers, and chlorine gas.
The Sulphur Fumigation for rust I detn
an invaluable remedy, if properly applied.
I have already described its application in
previous remarks. ,Tq conquer success,no
half way work will do. We are just sum::
out now with free vagabond labor. But tie
future is before us. and knowledge acd
wealth will command labor, and we must
acquire knowledge, and it will bestow width
It is believed that in due time we can mj
will, by persistent observations, experiment!,
and science, understand tho causes of res
and the remedies, and thus add, annualli.
millions to onr wealth,’comfort and happi
ness. Rusticcs.
September 8,1869.
Letter tram Talbot.
The Present Cotton Crop— Cause of Rust—T' : I
Gust in Acre—Application of Manure I
Cultivation—The Best Results—Guano
Sub-soiling—The Macon Pair—List of
miums, etc.
Talbotton, September 15, 1869.
Messrs. Editors: Previous to the war,* ! I
could estimate, with some decree of accos-l
cy, the results of each year’s agricultural o? I
orations. But subsequently we have to d - 1
serve some serious disaster has befallen;- 1 1
cotton crop each succeeding year, which, * I
ter flattering prospects, has cut short w-'I
brightest hopes. It is now doubtful wbetto I
the present crop will exceed the product*-1
last year, the long continued drought, wit* f
other causes, having operated against tbectf I
ton plant very seriously. Nothing has beC |
so fatal to the crop in this section as the Co I
weather combined with rust. My own oW I
vation of this blighting calamity, which & I
ceeds in destruction the ravages of the «:«' I
pillar even, leads me to attribute its I
ance to a combination of atmospheric I
cnees and causes. The very cold nights, 1
lowed* by long continued draught, of “'‘I
mornings and scorching, hot days, 1
checked the luxuriant growth of the co w
plant,left it subject to thecontractiau ot t
disease, the gray and sandy soils suae e I
most Ihardly think, the guano I
the cause of the rust, but assisted in ltsQe . . I
opment, where deep cultivation of the p 14B I
was not bestowed. v
The “Gustin Acre,” of which I resd . 4I L [ . I
teresting account in your paper, is an I
tant experiment in this respect, inasmuc I
it shows the power of fertilizing with
culture. I believe that subsoiling I
sable in the successful application of all . I
mercial manures. Or, in other words, . I
not believe guano will pay a large P I
without subsoiling. It must depend 00 ^ I
tingencies to remunerate the planter I
arily. Of a dry year, with surface cm I
tion, nine times out of ten, it will p ro ul
- - lantede^j"
failure. Where the crop was pi
this year, with good seasons, the lower-ertf
of bolls is excellent The great a “, T .“ ^
of small acreage, occurs to me,j
tbi*'"
redaction of tho labor force, with tDe
amount of land employed, to make on ^ ■
produce what three would ordinarily
The advantage of this system is one to
we save two acres ploughing and same a? ^ I
of chopping. We make as muchwi ,|
plough hand as three can gather, jjl
L.’b plough is a good one—I trust
send one down to the exhibition. uai
A neat pamphlet, containing a larg*' B |
premiums to be awarded at the g re * t „, c k|
be held on the 16th November, i*
has just reached me. Its contents ,^1
ceed gly interesting. I predict a o ^1
success for this enterprising . rof ^|
gia. Lot Macon be prepared tk*|
I less numbers of people who will * ^1
daring’ wMiwi occmIqp*
ing this gnand-,
next, I wilt give an eocount ot
>»»»£** amis.: eli Gpod pr^TI
{lands, improving aoilveta.
'for rain.
000*^1
Warm Wnsaoa — weather
a*:?:
V il
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