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THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA.,
FRIDAY, MAY 16, 1913.
AGRICULTURAL
Ms. Education
amp Successful Farming-
J* Andrew ft. &oul£
mis department tail cheerfully endeavor to junnsh. any information,
i.etters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president Stats
Agricultural College. Athens. Qa.
WHAT THE CORN. CLUBS
MEAN TO GEORGIA
PART TWO.
The influence which the Corn Clubs
h"ve exerted on the growth of corn
it not as fully appreciated as it should
be. In 1909 3.383,061 acres wer e de
voted to the cultivation of corn, 39,-
374,569 bushels being grown, or an
average of 11.6 bushels per acre. In
1912 a little over 4,000 J 000 acres were
devoted to corn, and in that extremely
bad crop year nearly 57,000.000 bushels
were produced, or an average of nearly
14 bushels per acre. Notice that the
yield of 1912 is nearly IS,000,000 bush
els above that of 1909. Surely it i^
conservative claim that the boys’ work
influenced the yield on 500,000 acres to
tl’o extent of ten bushels, thereby ad
ding $5,000,000.00 to the revenue of the
state. Certainly this is a good return
on an investment of $7,000.00. and the
writer honestly believes that if a
claim of $10,000,000.00 were set up, it
would still be fully justified by the
facts. Why should Georgia not have
25,000 club members and raise one
r.illion bushels of corn in 1913? Only
because of the need of money from the
stat e to enlarge and carry on the work.
Surely this work can not longer be
maintained as a charity.
Many will be interested to know how
the boys produced the results set
forth in this paper. First of all, the
land was selected with care. It was
broken * thoroughly with large turning
plows, and prepared with greater care
and skill than is accorded the great ma
jority of our farming lands. From five
tons and upwards of yard manure or
compost w’ere* applied per acre, some of
it being broadcasted, but most of it used
in the drill row. From 500 to 1,000
pounds of commercial fertilizer were
used per acre, at least one-half of
which was put under the drill row and
from one to two side applications used
relatively early in the growing season.
In some instances nitrate of soda was
applied at the rate of 100 pounds per
acre. A few boys used as much as 150
pounds. The grade of fertilizer applied
ranged from a 9-3-3 to a 10-4-5. In
other words, the formulas were consid
erably higher than those used by the av
erage farmer. It is noticeable that the
application of the old- standard, 8-2-2,
seems to be disappearing so far as the
Corn club boys are concerned. In a few
instances the boys applied as much as
one ton of commercial fertilizer, but
they have been advised against using ex
cessive amounts unless the ground is
made very rich by applications of yard
manure or green crops plowed under.
Admitting that the boys selected es
pecially good acres of land and that
they fertilized and cultivated them with
unusual skill and care and chose their
seed wisely, they nevertheless obtain
ed a result which justified any expendi
ture of effort and money put forth.
They demonstrated fully that by these
principles alone can increased yields of
corn be secured and that the methods of
practice they followed may be made ex
tremely profitable. The methods they
used are adapted for use throughout
the length and breadth of the state, and
in fact only by their use can we hope to
build up the productivity of our Geor
gia soils.
To show what has been accomplished
tr, a given area, the record of Carroll
rtvvmty is herewith submitted. <The
highest yield made in 1910 was 75 bush
els; in 1911, 105 bushels; in 1912, 123
bushels. In 1912, nine boys made 100
bushels per acre at a cost of 28 cents;
25 boys made 83 bushels per acre at a
cost of 33 cents; 80 boys made 60 bush
els per acre at a cost of 35 cents; there
fore, 80 boys made 4,800 bushels on 80
acres. The total cost was $1,680 and
the profit $3,120, or $40 per acre. Ac
cording to the last census Carroll county
produced 481,918 bushels of corn on
39,160 acres of land. The same area
cultivated by the boys would have yield
ed 2,349,600 bushels, or four times as
much per acre as was actually secured
by the farmers. Remember, that Car-
roll is a progressive county; its popula
tion is largely made up of white farm
ers; and its soils are above the aver
age in fertility. For these reasons it
has been selected as an example of what
may be accomplished for agricultural
regeneration and development through
the agency of the Boys’ Corn clubs.
The Boys’ Corn clubs have been instru
mental in establishing corn growing
throughout the state of Georgia. For
instance, in 1912 in Chattooga county,
fifty-nine boys produced an average of
forty-seven bushels of corn per acre; in
Tattnall county twenty-one boys pro
duced an average of seventy-one bushels
of corn per acre; in Hart county forty-
eight boys produced an average of 62.&
bushels of corn per acre; in Muscogee
county fourteen boys produced an av
erage of 55 bushels of corn per acre; in
Emanuel county twelve boys produced
an average of 47.7 bushels of corn per
acre. The clubs have played a most im
portant and unique part in reviving tne
county and school fair and in promoting
the establishment of district fairs. Las*
year fully $10,000 was contributed m
prizes. Of this amount $1,500 was given
in scholarships to the State College of
Agriculture so that the boys winning
premiums might come up to this institu
tion and secure additional training to
make them a more potent influence than
ever in the development of their respec
tive communities.
Thus, the work of the corn clubs has
brought the city and country interests
more closely together than ever before
and established a new bond of sympa
thy. They have brought a new power
and conception into the life of the boys.
They have added efficiency to the school
and related its work to home life. They
have transformed the viewpoint of the
teacher and parent and provided a basis
for elementary instruction in agricul
ture in the rural schools. They have
demonstrated the value of scientific
principles to farming, and finally, they
have taught thrift, industry, persever
ance and integrity, and emphasized the
opportunity of the open country.
* * *
GROWING CORN IN BASIN LAND.
A. W., Talking Rock, Ga., writes: I
I am trying an acre in corn to see what 1
can do. The land is a red basin and has
been in cotton for four or five years. 1
hauled twelve loads of oak leaf mold and
scattered over it and turned it eight to ten
inches.deep with a disk plow; then opened
furrows with a middle breaker and put
four loads of good stable manure and 600
pounds of a 9-3-3 fertilizer and stirred it
well with the subsoil. I then listed and
planted a little below the level. Please
tell me how to fertilize for the best re
sults.
You have prepared your corn land
very carefully, and you certainly are to
be congratulated on incorporating with
the soil such a considerable amount of
vegetable matter in the form of leaves
and yard manure. You have also used
a very good formula on soil of the type
described in your letter. Now __ we
would advise you to give constant shal
low cultivation to this crop. Use an
implement of the Planet, Jr., or Iron
Age type. Do not cultivate deeply for
the first time, but cultivate just as late
into the season as possible, and try and
keep the crust broken after every rain.
This is a very important matter. Thin
your corn to a desirable stand as early
as possible so as to save the energy of
the soil fol* the plants which remain
on the land. Use a side application of
200 pounds of about a 9-5-3 formula.
Put 200 or 300 pounds on, scattering it
ahead of the cultivator and working
well into the surface soil. Of course,
you may put it down with a fertilizer
distributor if you want to. Ahy
method to get it uniformly distributed
over the land will be satisfactory. We
think we would be inclined to put it in
the middle of the row rather than
alongside the drill. It may be advisa
ble to use some nitrate of soda on this
corn as a top dressing, especially
where you desire to produce an extra
heavy yield. We hardly think you will
find this desirable, however, in view of
the large amount of vegetable matter
you have added to the soil. If your
corn grows vigorously and maintains a
good color throughout the season, we
would not use the nitrate; otherwise,
we would put on 100 pounds per acre,
scattering it broadcast over the land
and not covering it into the soil. Put
it on well in advance of silking and
tasseling. We think only one side ap
plication of the formula mentioned
above will be found advisable.
* * *
HEAVES IN HORSES.
A. W., 'Talking Rock, Ga., writes. I
have a mare that has a cough. I think she
bad It about a year. She coughs worse
. when she gets hot and eats dry feed. Keep
ing her in a dry stall seems to make her
cough. I would like to know what to do
for her.
From the description given in your
letter It would appear that your horse
is suffering probably from what Is
known as heaves. This trouble may be
In its incipiency or it may have devel
oped to the point where it has become
of a more or less chronic character.
When this trouble becomes well estab
lished there is no cure, for it. Atten
tion to diet will relieve the distressing
symptoms to a considerable extent, but
they will return from time to time
with varying degrees of intensity.
Bulky feed should not be used or that
which contains a small amount of
nutriment. It is important that easily
digested, clean, bright hay be used as
roughness, and It should be free from
dust. Moldy or dusty hay or fodder
aggravates the trouble very materially.
The animal 4 should be watered before
feeding, and never right after a meal.
Exertion when the stomach is full ag
gravates this trouble. Turning on pas
ture gives some relief, and the use of
root crops of various kinds such as
carrots or turnips will be found help
ful. A half pint of thick dark mo
lasses with each feed is also helpful.
Sometimes Fowler’s solution of arsenic
at the rate of three grains in each
feed may be given for a few days. This
medicine should be used cautiously,
and, on account of its dangerous quali
ties, we hesitate to recommend its ad
ministration by unskilled persons. If
| the bowels do not act regularly, lin
seed or cotton seed oil may be used to
advantage.
1 * * *
' —Z ^ ; DESTROYING THE GRAIN WEEVIL
Rsdea* Wanted on., writes: i *
1 J°l ne Info . nnat i° n in regard to the wee
vil that gets in corn and peas, and what Js
- ren J e,1 * v for keeping them out?
How is t.ie best way to plant celery seed
♦ pI . a , nts / an<1 when should they be
transplanted? I have a mule that works
double with the breeching on, but hitch her
single with the breeching on and she kicks
everything to pieces. Take off the breech-
!ng and bark band and she works single all
right Can you Suggest a remedv to stop
her from kicking?
Hitch a Taylor Saw Mill onto a Tay
lor Engine and your outfit will saw
more logs, keep going better and
MAKE MORE MONEY FOR YOU
t.han any saw mill on earth. You ought
to know about our wire cable drive, ad
justable idler and time-saving carriage
backing device; ail sizes and prices.
Write now for catalog.
Mallary Machinery Company
Dept. I, MACON, GA.
Saw Mills, Engines, Shingle
Machines, Gasoline Engines
in each town to ride and exhibit sample 1918
bicycle. Write for special offer.
$Wto'$27
>, * t '-7lth Coaster Brakes & Puncture Proof tires.
1911 A 1912 Models "T
all of best makes . . B 4Z
1GO Second - Hand W/ice/s
, All makes and models, (t* O
g ood as new
Ireat FACTORY CLEARING SALE
f We Ship on Approval without o
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„ tO OATS Ff(EE TRIAL.
ES, coaster brake rear wheals, lamps, sun
fl'dries, parts and r v lairs for ali makes of bicycles
r'at half usual pricey DO WOT BUY until you got
onr catalogue** and offer. Write now.
»BAU CYCLE CO. Dept. D .1S0 CHICAGO
Fish Bite
Like Hungry Wolves. Fill your Nets
Traps or Trot Lines if you bait with
M AGIC-FISH-LURE.
Best bait ever used for attracting
h a |l kinds of fish. Write for price
list to-day and get a box to help
introduce it. Agents wanted.
J. F. GREGORY,
Dept. 8 St. Louis, Mo,
Insects injurious to stored grain num
ber some forty different species, but
four which occur most commonly are
the granary weevil, the rice weevil, the
angoumois grain moth and the wolf
moth. The first two of these are bee
tles and the last two moths. The larvae
of the first three mentioned live within
the grain. This adds to the injury which
they effect and the ease with which
they may be distributed. All breed
more rapidly in warm than in cold
weather. The simplest and best remedy
is to use carbon bisulphide at the rate'
.of one pound to one ton of grain, or
in empty rooms for every 1,000 cubic
feet. Carbn bisulphide is not danger
ous to handle except in the presence
of artificial light. Therefore, do not
smoke or light matches in the vicinity
of it. When attempting to treat grain
it should be put in a tight bin or box.
Pour the sulphide in a dish and set on
top of tho grain and cover with a tar
paulin. If the . box can not be made
tight, use more carbon bisulphate than
has been suggested.
Celery seed may be planted in a spe
cially prepared bed. Dig out the earth
to the depth of a foot or more and
replace with well rotted yard manure.
The top of it should consist of leaf
mold or some other matter carrying a
considerable percentage of vegetable
matter. Sow the seed and later trans
plant so as to give stockiness and qual
ity.
In August transplant in the open field
in rows about 4 to 6 feet apaj’t. Dig a
trench and fill it with well rotted ma
nure and mix well with the soil. Then
set the plants about 6 to 8 inches apart
and press the soil firmly around them.
Hill up the earth to the plants as they
grow. Celery requires frequent cultiva
tion and a rich soil in order to develop
satisfactorily.
Your mule seems to have developed a
habit which it will be very difficult to
break her of. Patience and kindness
and the proper use of hopples may af
ford you a measure of relief.
* * *
TREATING COTTON SEED PREVIOUS
TO PLANTING.
C. N., Alpharetta, Ga., writes: How Is
cotton seed treated before planting? My
cotton rotted last year and I am afraid
to risk it this year, but I hate to give it
up ns it is a good variety otherwise.
The treating of cotton seed th destroy
the fungus which causes anthracnose
should only be regarded as a preven
tive measure for the chances are that
in any variety badly infested the fun
gus will be found under the seed coat
as well as un the outside. In that
event, of course, the treatment witn
formaldehyde would be ineffective.
Where this treatment is pursued, how
ever, as a preventive measure, use about
one gallon of formaldehyde to eighteen
gallons of water. The seed should be
thoroughly immersed for about thirty
minutes and then spread out to dry be
fore planting. Anthracnose may be
combated to some extent by cr&p ro
tation and by selection of seed from
plants growing in infested fields whicb
have shown the largest measure of
resistance to this trouble. This will
be about the only effective method in
the long run upon which the farmer
can rely, and while one may hate to
give up a variety no matter how fine
qualities it may display, if it is badly
infested with this disease, the chances
of loss from year to year are so great
that it would not seem advisable
attempt its continued growth.
MAINTAINING THE S6lL.
BY USE OF FERTILIZER
to
WANTS TO JOIN A CORN CLUB.
R. A. L., Siler City, N. C., writes: I
am a boy of sixteen years of age and am
going to join a corn club and would like to
have your advice. I am going to plant an
aerp of new ground; tbe soil is red and is
in a swag; not wet natured nor yet dry.
How much guano should I use?
We are glad to know that you con
template joining a corn club in your
state. By all means push this work
along and win for yourself a new
interest and knowledge of the soil and
its cultivation. You have an oppor
tunity now to learn much about the
influence of various fertilizers on crop
growth and to study the principles of
seed selection. This will enable you
to farm with greater success and skill
than has probably attended the effort
of some of your friends and neighbors
who have spent too much of their time
laughing at what they are pleased to
term scientific agriculture.
Prepare your ground very thoroughly.
This you no doubt have done already,
and then fertilize the crop quite liber
ally. The kind of fertilizer shvuld be
determined somewhat by the character
of the soil. We would use enough nitro
gen to insure a vigorous growth and
plenty of phosphorus and potash to sup
ply the other essential elements needed
by the crop. Land such as you de
scribe can often be Improved by the
use of lime. We think it rather late,
however, to apply lime this year, but
another season, a ton of the crushed
raw rock would be of benefit. In the
meantime put about 400 pounds of a
'formula containing 9 per cent of phos
phorus, 3 per cent of nitrogen and 3
per cent of potash on your land. Use
une or two side applications of about
a 10-4-4. Put on 200 pounds at each
application and apply relatively early
in the season. It will be a great ben
efit to your crop if you can incorpor
ate some yard manure under the drill
row, or In its absence use some well
rotted leaf mold. As much as live
tons per acre can be used to advan
tage.
* * *
SECOND OR SIDE APPLICATIONS.
P. F. W., Eatonton, Ga., writes: We
would like, to know wbat grade of complete
fertilizer to use for side applications on
corn and cotton on the soils of this county
Also how many applications to mae and
how much to use in each apppllcatlon?
Side applications of commercial fertiliz
ers will be of two grades for corn and
cotton. From one to two side applica
tions may be made depending on soil and
seasonable conditions. On heavy lands we
think about an 8-3.6-4 would be a good
formula to use on cotton, and on com a
10-4-4. On sandy lands for cotton we
would use a 9-4-4, and for com a 10-4.
6-5. These formulas may be used at the
rate of 200 to 300 pounds per acre. The
nitrogen should be derived from at least
two sources. Cotton seed meal may be
used as the base, and nitrate of soda,
sulphate of ammonia or blood as the com
plement. This gives a relatively available
nitrogen and an organic nitrogen. Side
applications of this character should be
put on.relatively early in the season. We
hardly think two need be made on clay
lands. On light sandy lands two can
sometimes bt used, to advantage. Tn
this instance we would use 200 pounds,
putting the first on as soon as the cotton
is chopped out and when the corn has
been run aorund about the third time.
The second application should be Put on
two to three weeks later. Where nitrate
of soda or sulphate of ammonia is used
as a top dressing, 100 pounds per acre
will be about the right amount to apply
ordinarily. Put the nitrate on as a top
dressing, but scatter the sulphate ahead
of the cultivator and work in with the
surface soil. Put the top dressing on the
corn t least two weeks before bonching
to tassel, and on the corn ordinarily not
later than the 15th of June. Sulphate of
ammonia will give its best results when
applied to land which has previously been
limed or which contains a fair percent
age of lime. Most Georgia soils are low
in this element, and the value of sulphate
of ammonia as a top dresser is there
fore somewhat limited at the present
time.
CARMACK AMENDMENT
ATTACK IS FUTILE
(Bv Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON, May 15.—Another at
tempt by railroads to annul the Car
mack amendment to the interstate com
merce laws making the initial carrier
liable for damages to shipment on con
necting lines, resulted today in failure
in the supreme court, which held that
a case the Norfolk and Western Rail :
way company brought up had been de
cided by Its previous opinions.
BY O. H. SELLERS.
This article is written with the Idea
of presenting, in as concise and clear
way as possible, the great need and
great importance o fconserving the fer
tility of our farm lands. Nearly two
centuries ago when tne white man be
gan the cultivation of the soils or
America, only a narrow strip of land
Adjacent to the Atlantic ocean w r as
used for the growing or crops, anu
when a field became'worn out a new
spot of woodland was cleared. This
practice has been handed down from
generation to generation and is to be
found today in almost every portion
of our great country. Our soils are
yearly producing crops wnich are be
ing removed from tne land an notn-
ing is being returned to them in ex
change.
The first farming of a virgin soil
has nearly always been grain farm
ing. Grain is gr u wn every year, witn
no provision for keeping up the hu
mus supply, either by means of barn
yard manure or by plowing under
materials; even the straw in the wheat
growing sections often being burned.
Little barnyard manure is produced,
and that which is formed either thrown
away or is allowed to lose most of its
virtue before being put on the land.
Very few farmers in any part of Amer
ica. have yet learned to handle manure
without losing one-half of its value.
The fertility of the soil may be car
ried away by erosion, by wind, or by
water. Probably more soil fertility
is lost in this way than by cropping.
The necessity of maintaining the fer
tility of the soil can not be too strongly
urged. We have but to look around us
to see the devastating effects of failing
to provide for this. In China, for ex
ample, there was no provision made at
first for maintaining the fertility of the
soil, and as a result of this method of
farming no country is today as poor
and unfertile as China. Famines are
of frequent occurrence and when they
do have a good year their harvests are
mere pittances as compared with our
abundant ones. When our forefathers
first came to the New England states
they found a soil as fertile and as rich
as any they had ever dreamed of, and
yet today the farms in many portions
of the New England states are com
pletely worn out and abandoned. Peo
ple tell me that twenty or twenty-five
years ago the Brazos river bottoms had
cotton planted in eight foot rows and
made two bales per acre and they
thought at that time that this land
was so rich that it would never wear
outN A few weeks ago I made a trip
to the famous Brazos river bottoms and
found cotton planted in three and one-
half foot rows and the people satisfied
with a yield of three-quarters of a bale
per acre. So you see the question is
drawing near our homes and something
must be done.
Our soil fertility can best be main
tained by restoring what is removed by
our crops. Nitrogen, potash, lime and
phosphates are removed in every crop
that is harvested and all of these must
be erturned if the fertility is to be
maintained. When one of these val
uable forms of plant food is deficient,
poor crops result unless something con
taining the element wanted is added.
The lack of even one of these precious
substances or forms of plant food will
cause the crop to be about as poor
as if all four of them were deficient.
Nitrogen can be returned to the soil
through commercial fertilizers, legumin
ous crops and barnyard manure. The
most important commercial fertilizers
that are rich in- nitrogen are cotton seed
meal and nitrate of soda. Cotton seed
meal usually contains between six and
seven pounds of nitrogen in each 100
pounds of meal and is, therefore, expen
sive. It also contains some phosphate
and potash. There are several grades
of this meal, those that contain the
largest proportion of hulls being the
least valuable. This meal can not be
used by plants until it has decayed. It
is more suitable, therefore, for crops
that occupy the land in the warm weath
er than for very early crops which
make their growth in cold weather.
Nitrate of soda is a fertilizer with
more than twice as much nitrogen as
cotton seed meal. It costs more than
twice as much per ton, but does not need
to be used in such large amounts. There
is another way in which nitrogen can
be returned to the soil and a way in
which we save paying such a high
price for it. This is by the growing
and turning under of leguminous crops,
such as cowpeas, alfalfa, peanuts, soy
beans, burr clover, velvet beans and
crimson clover. It is ^probable that all
of these crops will hot be suited to any
one’s special soil, but at least some one
of these will grow on your farm if prop
er attention and care is given them.
This fixing of nitrogen in the soil Is
brought about by all of these crops hav
ing the ability to take the free nitrogen
from the air and fix it in tiny tubercles
grown upon their roots.
Potash can be returned to the soil by
fertilizers which contain it. The most
economic of these is kainit. It is dug
from deep mines in Germany. It con-,
tains about 12 per cent of potash. Mu
riate of potash is obtained from the
same source. About half its weight, or
50 per cent, is potash.
Phosphates are those fertilizers that
contain the element phosphorus in the
SPRING CAMPAIGN
AGAINST THE FLY
It is well known that flies Increase with
wonderful rapidity, but most people are
ignorant of the exact rate of multiplica
tion. Not only does a swat in time save
nine, but it may save 9,000,000. It is es
timated by Dr. O. L. Howard, of the
United States bureau of entomology, that
one pair of healthy flies will produce dur
ing a single summer, 5,598,720,000,000 liv
ing descendants.
Suppose for a minute you left your
house with two flies in it, with sufficient
provender for these two and their chil
dren, grandchildren, great-grandchildren
and the rest of their descendants. When
3 r ou returned at the end of the summer
you would find five trillions, five hundred
and ninety-eight millions—5,598,720,000,000!
festive little pests swarming through your
home. One could swat all day, day after
day and week after week, and still make
but a small impression on this rapidly in
creasing horde. You must keep in mind
then that one swat at the beginning of
the open season for fly-hunting saves
trillions of potential swats.
The important point of the campaign
against files is to catch them early—early
in the spring before they get a start.
Flies, as you well know now, because of
the campaign of education that has been
waged, carry germs. In their little trav
eling bags they carry malaria germs,
typhoid, infantile paralysis and other
deadly microbes. The flies that arrive with
the early spring may bring infection into
your house as well as the swarm that
comes later, and it does little good to lock
the stable after the horse is gone. If
one’s tiny girl sickened because the early
arrivals brought the germs of disease
with them, you could not console yourself
with waging war on the pests luring the
rest of the summer.
The federal public health service
thinks that a fly is more dangerous
than a raging elephant or a lion; it is
almost the deadliest animal alive. This
fact that people to a great extent have
learned within recent years, is not ad
mitted by every one. Most country
women will confess that a fly is un
pleasant—he lights on granddad’s bald
head, he wakes the baby, and he wades
in the strawberry jam, but some of the
old-fashioned farm women think that
is the limit of his evil deeds.
Last year Italked to “Aunty,” the old
housekeeper on our farm. She admit
ted there was a strong case against Mr.
Fly as a public nuisance, but •' that he
was a dangerous criminal seemed doubt
ful to her.
The fly, like the poor, she said we
always have with us. Her grandmother
“shooed” flies out of the house, vigor
ously shaking her apron or the “Fire
side Companion” at them and sternly
ordering them ’ to “shoo,” but she did
not kill them; still she lived to be
eighty-seven years old. Uncle Toby in
Tristam Shandy gently let a fly go, as
he was too kind hearted to injure it.
Aunty thought fly swatting was cru
elty to animals, but failed to recognize
that not to swat them was cruelty to
children.
Her objections summed up amounted
to:
If you swat the fly you leave a mark
on the clean wall paper or cleaner
kitchen table. If you poison him the
fly inconsiderately selects the cream
pitcher for a graveyard. If you put
sticky fly paper around the room the
pat sits down in it. How then are you
to kill them?
Let the poor little “critters” alone,
she declared. They must have some
reason for living, or they never would
have been created.
Now, Aunty named the three chief ways
of fighting flies after they are allowed
to get a start. Taking them in order
we find that swatting flies as she says
“smudges up” elean walls and tables.
Most people use a newspaper to swat the
little germ carriers; of the few that
own a patent fly swatter not many are
skilled enough to kill the pests without
dirtying the hbuse. But of this way of
kiling flies it must be said that it is
interesting. It is a “sporting” game
wherein the fly has some chance, but
Cottolene
makes delicious doughnuts
Cottolene makes delicious
doughnuts—free from sogginess,
grease and indigestion. The rea
son is that Cottolene contains
vegetable oil—not animal fats—
heats to a much higher degree
than butter or lard, fries so
quickly that it forms a crisp, dry
crust over the dough and prevents
the absorbing of the fat.
Cottolene is decidedly better
than butter or lard for all short
ening and frying. It is healthier,
it is quicker, it is more economical.
Cottolene costs no more than
lard; you use but two-thirds of a
pound of Cotto
lene to do the
work of a full
pound of butter
or lard.
Cottolene is never
sold in bulk—al
ways in air-tight
tin pails, which pro
tect it from dirt;
vdust and odora. It
is always uniform
and dependable.
THE N. K. FAIRBANK COMPANY
form of phosphoric acid. There are
three kinds of phosphate that are or
different value. The first is natural
or raw phosphate, sometimes calleu
Tennessee phosphate, Carolina phos
phate, or floats. It is simply the phos
phate rock just as it is dug from its
place in phosphate beds, except that it
has been ground into a very fine pow
der. Since roots generally can not ab
sorb much of this form of phosphate
it will not dissolve In pure water, it
is called insoluble pnosphate. Acid
phosphate is so called because it is
made by adding sulphuric acid to the
raw or natural phosphate. This acid so
changes the phosphate that roots can
immediately absorb it. The phosphate
in acid phosphate is called soluble.
There is a third or intermediate form
that plants can use. This and the
soluble phosphate are added together
and called the available phosphoric,
that is, the kind the plants can use
promptly. The use of lime is a point
In the proper fertility scheme of a
farm, for if your soil is acid or sour,
the leguminous plants will not produce
the tubercles which have tbe power or
fixing nitrogen in the soil. Hopkins,
of Illinois, advocates the use of agricul
tural or crushed lime. It is best to
apply the lime to your soil once In
every three or four years instead or
small amounts each year.
One of the fundamental causes for
the decrease in crop yields is the ex
haustion of the humus supply. There
are three ways of supplying humus to
the soil. The first and best Is the ad
dition of stable manure. When prop
erly managed It adds large quantities
of both plant food and humus. The
following table will give some idea ot
how much can be returned to the soil
through farm manure:
FERTILIZER MATERIAL RETURNED
IN FARM MANURE.
One hundred bushels
corn contains 100
Manure from 100 bushels
corn contains 75
Total loss to soil when
100 bushels of corn is
produced, fed to ani
mals and manure re
turned to the soil ... 25
One thousand pounds cot
ton seed contains .... 31.5
Manure from 1,000
pounds cotton seed
contains 23.6
Total loss to the soil
when 1,000 pounds cot
ton seed is produced,
fed to animals and the
manure returned to
the soil 7.9
17 19
13 16
5.5 9.1
4.4 8.1
1.1 1.4
1— Pounds of nitrogen.
2— Pounds of phosphorus.
3— Pounds of potassium.
It is very evident by referring to the
above table that the cheapest and surest
w’ay for the farmer to enrich his land
and to make larger profits is by con-
stanly adding vegetable matter. To do
this one of the best ways is by feeding
your forage crops to live stock on your
farm and saving the manure from them.
Manure has been found to benefit the
soil in the following ways:
1. It makes the soil loose and mellow,
allowing the roots and air to come into
direct contact with all parts of the
soil.
2. After it is rotted it enables the soil
to hold moisture in dry weather.
3. It furnishes plant food to the
roots of growing crops.
4. It adds bacteria and causes the
beenfleial ones already in the soil to
thrive and multiply, thus helping the
crops.
on LU1 Infill and It pays
to do it, if one uses the right goods.
Two applications of 200 lbs. each per
acre arc recommended by a well-known
Southern investigator and experimenter. He suggests
a 5-5-5 formula, or a mixture of equal parts of Acid
Phosphate, Kainit and Nitrate of Soda.
Side dress cotton when the plants are 10 inches high
and again when the bloom begins to open. Where
cotton is inclined to rust, use
KAINIT ...
making two applications of 200 pounds each per acre.'
This is also effective against root lice and cut worms on corn, if
applied early enough v It will pay you to try it, for Potash Pays.
Order Kainit now before the supply is exhausted. We sell
Kainit and Potash Salts, any quantity from one 200-lb. bag up.
GERMAN KALI WORKS <
Whitney Central Bank Building Savannah Bank & Trust Btrildintf
NEW ORLEANS, LA. SAVANNAH, GA.
it is a slow way to get rid of them.
Last year in my little house on the
farm I tried swatting flies—and I found
that little chickens like to eat them—
but the flies few in faster than I could
swat them. It took time to hunt down
each single—and married—fly and *time,
as you probably have learned by this
time, is valuable.
Poisoning flies kills them off rapidly,
but an inquisitive baby is apt to indulge
in a meal of fly poison, and one can not
recommend it as a baby food. Further
more, as Aunty says, the flies have a
habit of choosing the worst places for
their burial ground. They drop in the
milk crocks, in the open churn, in the
apple butter and in every place where
one doesn’t want them.
All in all, the most satisfactory meth
od is the sticky fly paper. It catches
the germs on the flies’ feet as well as
the flies themselves. It can be placed
on tables, chairs and window ledges out
of reach of babies, dogs and cats. Even
if the cat does wade into it you can
get the satisfaction of a hearty laugh
out of it.
In fighting flies as in many other
things prevention is far better than cure.
In this case prevention is not only bet
ter but easier.
Don’t let the flies get started; catch
the early birds. Swat ’em, poison ’em
or imprison them on fly paper, but “do
it early.”—Woman’s World.
300 MILES OF ROAD TO
BE WORKED IN COLQUITT
Six Road Gangs Now Busy.
"Good Roads at Any Price,”
Say Farmers
MOULTRIE, Ga., May 16.—The com
missioners of Colquitt county are un
dertaking to work 300 miles of road this
year. One hundred miles of this will
be number, one road construction—as
good as the best road work being done
in the state, while 200 miles will be
Class B roads, the work being done with
free labor. Six well equipped road
gangs are now in operation, in as many
different parts of the county. Two
convict gangs do the highest grade work
on the mail lines of road, while four
free labor squads work the district
roads.
In addition to the road construction,
the commissioners are putting in op
eration equipment and system for main
taining the roads, and they will also
build a number of steel bridges during
the year. Farmers of the county have
come to realize the advantage of good
roads, and they are demanding them at
almost any price.
EFFORT TO WRECK ERIE
TRAIN IS UNSUCCESSFUL
HARRA PATERSON, N. J., May 16.—
A third unsuccessful attempt to wreck
an Erie pasbenger train was made here
today. Trainmen balked two men who
tried to uncouple coaches from the
locomotive. They escaped.
The state rested its case today In the
trial of Patrick Quinlan, the Industrial
Workers of the World leader, indicted
for inciting to riot, and the defense be
gan.
CREATED BT THE HOUSE
Rules Committee Also Agrees
to Public Health and Quar
antine Committee 1
'By Associated Tress.)
WASHINGTON, May 15.—The good
roads congress convention met another
success again today when the house
rules committee agreed to report for a
good roads committee of twenty-one
mebers, of which Representative Shack
elford, of Missouri, is slated to be
chaUman. It also agreed in favor of a
public health and quarantine committee
of fifteen members, probably to bel
headed by Representative Foster, ot
Illinois.
Creation of the two additions to the
legislative machinery of congress Is lit
accord with the Democratic platfortn.
L’ENGLE LEGISLATED
OUT OF CONGRESS?
Florida Redistricts State Con
gressional Districts—L’Engle
Congressman at Large
TALLAHASSEE, Fla., May 15.—The
house passed by a bis majority Sena
tor Johnson's bill which redlstrlotS the
state Into four congressional districts,
and legislates congressman-at-large out,
provided the governor signs the bill.
Representative Floyd made an elo
quent talk for the Progressives, In whloh
he referred to L’Engle, congressman-at-
large, as the leding Progressive in the
state, and should remain as It was od
the “wooman spare that tree" idea.
I
BRYANT F0LS0ME HELD
GUILTY OF MANSLAUGHTER
QUITMAN, Ga., May 15.—Bryant Fol-t,
some was found guilty late yesterday
afternoon of voluntary mansaughter bff
the Jury which has bleen trying the 1
case. Folsome Shot andl killed David
Wadron during the Christmas holidays.'
accusing him of having sent an in
sulting post card to his sister.
Folsome apologized for the Incident,
and it was thought the affair had been
settled amicably.
Judge Thomas has not passed sen
tence yet.
u.
S. SUPREME COURT
RECESSES UNTIL MAY 26
WASHINGTON. May 15.—The su
preme court recessed today until May
86 without announcing decisions in the
state rate or other Important cases be
fore it. It Is understood an attempt
will be made to decide all business be
fore final adjournment for the summer
on June 9.
At
Soda
Fountains
or Carbon
ated in Bottles.'
i
THE COCA-COLA COMPANY, Atlanta, Ga.
■n 0 , U c ^KEEP COST
II
V
An
engine* „
best adapted
for your work is the^ „
engine you can depend ^
on—capable of heavy and ^
steady work every day and
with less upkeep in cost.
Cole’s Engines are the result of more than Wf*
years experience and success. Their wonderful dur-
ability-actual economy of fuel-their high grade mater-
__ lal-skllled workmanshlp-thelr constant and reliable par
te * • formance gives you the utmost In power and the greatest valued
ocia on a gennine guarantee j n en gines your money can buy. Compaot and have balanced valves. ’
If you will make a comparison with any other engine, you 1
.will find Its superiority at once. All these are things to too'
f or-that count In buying an engine.
Don’t buy an engine until you have Investigated the Cole.
Write today for catalogue and full Information regarding out
speolal engine offer. Do this now.
ft. D. COLE MANUFACTURING CO., Box K
NEWNAN, GA..
!mYj| BUGGIES
CENTURY BUGGIES arc built for hard service. The best of msterisl
andworkmanship used throughout—every detail of construction and finish
n^Iy inspected and tested. EverjVehicle Guaranteed for 3 Year*.
^ lv ., v . t jry v
o Sell Direct to the User—cut out all middlemen’*
!s and save vnn <?=; nn 1nn
_ EASY
profit, and „re you $2.1.00 to $45.00.
*■ PAYMENTS O
ON ALL VEHICLES
Fay for your buggy while you use it,
Bafry shown here—triplo auto seat, latest model, highest quality—
J®***‘ v “'“ e $100.00 to $125.00. Our prices range from $29.50 ups
* 1/1 .00 down and $5,00 a month—guaranteed to please or yoat
money back. Write for Freight Paid Prices.
Your credit is good—write for Free catalogs showing full 11ns
?'Surreys end farm Wa£ons. We make > fine like oi
trAr_fL SS—an<5 1* at lowest price. -v for Catalog.
CENTURY MANUFACTURING C0.,Dep:.315, Ext St.lools.IU.
or Dept. 818, 800 Flllh Ave., bevy York Clip.