Newspaper Page Text
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THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, JUNE 10, 1913.
AGRICULTURAL
Education
~ ‘ nr Successful Farming-. (
$ A NDREW e)0ULE
This department tctll cheerfully enaravm to jamisn any information,
l.etters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew U. Soule, president Stats
Agricultural College. Athens. Qa.
Influence of Feed on Quality of Milk
A SHORT time ago an article ap
peared in a New York paper with
reference to the unwholesome
ness of the food products consumed by
many persons in the United States.
Among other things specific . attention
was directed to the fact that large
numbers of cows were fed on cotton
seed meal, the inference being drawn
that tlje milk obtained from animals
so fed was not wholesome. The article
was sensational in conception and pre
sentation and no doubt many people
reading it were misled by its state
ments. The chances are that the au
thor knows nothing about cotton seed
or its by-products, and does not real
ize their essential relation to the dairy
industry, not only of the United States
but of Europe as well. If he had been
Informed even in the slightest degree
relative to this matter he would hardly
have made a statement so much at va-
irance with the facts.
It' may be said without fear of suc
cessful contradiction that the dairy in
dustry of the south is based on the use
of cotton-seed meal as the chief con
centrate fed to. dairy cows, and nowhere
else in th§ United States are farmers
able to obtain so cheap and desirable a
source of protein for the nutrition of
dairy cattle. The one. regret that must
be expressed in this connection is the
fact that our dairy enterprises are in
adequately developed in proportion to
rublic demand. This is not due to any
lack of an abundant supply of cotton
seed meal but to a failure to develop
one of the most desirable and profitable
industries in which southern farmers
can engage at the present time.
The value of cotton seed meal as a
concentrate in the nutrition of dairy
cows is more clearly illustrated when
attention is called to the composition of
milk. The average of several hundred
analyses indicates that it contains
* about 87.17 per cent of water, 3.69 per
cent of fat, 3.02 per cent of casein, .63
per cent of albumen, 4.88 per cent of
sugar and .71 per cent of ash. The
casein and albumen make up nearly 4
pei cent of the milk and constitute its
protein compounds. The cow, of course,
has no ability to manufacture milk un
less the elements out of which it is
composed are supplied to her in the
feed in somewhat the proportion nature
demands. Milk being rich in protein
elements, it therefore becomes essential
that the dairy cow be fed a ration rich
in this material. Cotton seed meal ow
ing to its very high content of protein
becomes therefore one of the most de
sirable concentrates to feed to dairy
cows. Naturally it may be fed singly
or in combination with other foodstuffs?
No aouot tnere are some who imag
ine that cotton seeu meai is injurious
to cows, but after having seen it fed to
several hundred dairy animals througn
a period of eighteen years, the writer
can testify that it is a tnoroughly
wholesome and desirable teed when led
unuer rational conditions. Not long since
a seizure oi corn reported in tne pa
pers to have been worth many thou
sands of dollars was made in a south
erly state. The corn was destroyed be
cause it was said to be moldy and un
wholesome, and therefore not lit to feed
to horses, lo\.s ana other live stock
kept on tne .People are inclined
to lose sigm. c. .acts of this Kind and
to condemn one ciass of food to the
advantage of tne other. Cotton seed
meal must naturally be made irom well
manured and protected seed. Where
this is done the meal obtained there-
irom is thorougnly whqlesome and de
sirable as a food for dairy cows. if
ieti in excessive amounts it might pro
duce indigestion and various other trou
bles; so would corn for that matter.
All concentrates must be fed with some
reasonable degree of skill and common
sense. 'The ills which live stock may
suffer from any class of food are gen
erally due to the ignorance of the per
sons feeding the same rather than to
the foodstuff itself, provided of course
it has been properly made and pre
served.
Cototn seed meal is being fed at the
present time to dairy cattle in practic
ally every state in the union. It la
being fed to herds of cows where the
choicest quality of milk is made and
shipped to selected customers in the
larger towns and cities. It has been
used in dozens of tests at the various
experiment stations In the United States
and abroad and it has been shown to
be not only wholesome and desirable,
but one of the cheapest sources of
protein available to the dairyman. There
are few concentrates which blend more
satisfactorily with such foodstuffs as
bran, corn, shorts, oats and other ce
reals. Corn, as is well known, is low
in protein and high in carbohydrates,
and when combined with cotton seed
meal it furnishes an ideal ration for the
dairy cow. If cotton seed meal be fed
with forms op roughness realtively lov*
in protein the Vation will be materially
improved as many demonstrations have
shown. It is an ideal food to use in
combination with corn silage and may
be fed to cattle on grass with very
excellent results. If used in reasonabJj
amounts it may be fed for indefinite
periods of time and the animals keep in
a thoroughly vigorous and healthy con
dition. The great trouble with the av
erage feeder is his lack of acquaintance
with the concentrated nature of this
material, and his disposition to feed it
therefore as freely as he would corn
or some other foodstuff not so rich
In digestible nutrients. If the farmer
and dairyman will bear in mind that
one pound of cotton seed meal contains
about four times as much digestible
protein as a pound of corn, he will have
no trouble from feeding this material.
In other words, 4 to 5 pounds of cotton
seed meal containing the protein equiva
lent of from 16 to 20 pounds of corn
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meal. It is seldom that this much
Corn meal would be fed as a dairy
ration to animal weighing 1,000 pounds,
and the average feeder who is unac
quainted with cotton seed meal can
hardly bring himself to- realize that 4
or 5 pounds is about the right amount
to feed per day to a 1,000 pound cow
when not giving over two gallons or
milk.
The fact that the statement referred
to in the early part of this article is
baseless is shown by the record of our
experts of cotton seed meal which in
1911 unfortunately amounted to about
650,000 tons. This meal did not bring
the producers in the south more than
about $15 a ton, yet it is known to con
tain fertilizing constituents of an equal
value. This meal went chiefly to Den
mark, Germany and Great Britain and
was used largely in the nutrition of
dairy cows, though of course*consider
able quantities were fed to beef cattti*s
as well. For years the policy of those
nations has been to secure concentrat
ed food materials of high nutritive
quality and rich in plant food constitu
ents from all the outlying sections of
the world and feed on their farms. A
a result, they have built up soils whicn
were extremely poor a half century ago,
but are now rated as among the most
productive and desirable for agricultur
al purposes In the world. Denmark has
risen to pre-eminence as a dairy nation
and the products of her herds top the
market in the great capitals of Europe.
It. may be surprising to some to know
that the basis of the dairy ration fed
in Denmark is founded in a great ma-
ojrity of cases on the cotton seed mea.
produced in. the southern part of the
United States. If the meal can be taken
across 3,000 miles of water and fed
with such remarkable success by the
farmers of Europe, it is surprising that
it should not be wholesome and desira
ble for use here at home. As a matter
of fact, as long as the meal is allow
ed to be exported, a drain amounting
in the aggregate to millions of dollar®
is being made on the soils of the south
to the enrichment of the natives of Eu
rope. At the same time they are de
veloping an industry of world-wide im
portance and producing for their con
suming population the most wholesome
and desirable of beef and dairy prod
ucts.
It is absurd and ridiculous that any
one who takes the time to ‘familiarise
himself with the basic Importance of
the by-products of cotton seed meal to
tbe animal industries of the United
States should write an article which
tends to discredit the use of these ma
terials. What is needed is a campaign
of education which will reveal to oui
own people the very great mistake they
are making in failing to utilize these
products here at home so that our own
beef and dairy industries may be ad
vanced to the proud position which
they should occupy. When this is done
“starving America” will be abundantly
supplied with the most wholesome and
desirable dairy products at a reasonable
cost.
*
CROPS FOR SUMMER GRAZING.
E. B. S., Ben Hill, Ga.. writes: What do
you think beat to sow for a summer pas
ture? What has been your experience In
sowing oats aiul peas together? How
about German millet as a forage for cows,
also sorghum hay? What would you sow
when raiding Bermuda that would be good
to pusture while the Bermuda is getting
started? I am starting in the dairy busi
ness and would like your answers to these
questions.
| crop. The nitrate should be put on rel-
: atively early in the season, the last ap-
I plication being made about two weeks
! before the corn bunches to tassel. Some
; will disagree with this and suggest a
later application, but there is danger of
! producing stalk at the expense of
grain where the nitrate is put on too
late in the season.
A good formula, in our. judgment, to
| use under your corn would be 1,000
• pounds of acid phosphate, 600 pounds
; of tankage, 200 pounds of muriate of
p # otash and 200 pounds of cotton seed
meal. You should secure tankage which
runs relatively high in nitrogen and
phosphoric acid. The use of nitrogen
from three sources under this crop
would be advisable, in our judgment.
So far as the cotton is concerned, lime
is not necessary for it, and we would
advise the use of at least five tons of
yard manure under the driJl row at the
time of planting. Then use not less
than 1,000 pounds of a 10-3-6 formula.
If your cotton makes an unusually vig
orous stalk and is rather shy in fruit
ing, we would increase the phosphorus
to 12 per cent and the potash to 7. It
may be advisable to use nitrate of soda
as a top dressing for your cotton. The
development of the crop as the season
progresses will be the determining; fac
tor by which you can judge of the need
of nitrate of soda. •
For Spanish peanuts we would apply
1,000 pounds of pulverized limestone
per acre, and use 500 pounds of a form
ula containing 10 per cent of phosphor
us, 1.5 to 2 per cent of nitrogen and 8
per fcent of potash.
* * *
BUILDING A RAT-PROOF GRANARY.
E. B. F.. Edison, Ga.. writes: I would
like to know how to build a rat-proof oat
bin for GOO bushels of oats. I want it ven
tilated sufficiently to keep the oats from
spoiling. Want to put them In right from
the thrash.
HOW COOL NIGHTS
AFFECT THE COTTON
The best summer pasture which one
can have for dairy cows in Georgia is
a good Bermuda sod. Where this is not
•available various forage crops may be
used under .soiling conditions; that is,
we would be disposed to cut them in a
green condition and feed to the • oows
in the manger or on the sod land even
if the area Qf sod were very limited.
Of course, this involves more labor
than where you pasture the crops di
rectly, but in our experience such crops
as are satisfactory for grazing purposes
are largely destroyed by the tramping,
or in other words, are not economically
used for pasture purposes. Fall sown
rye or winter and spring oats furnish
excellent pastures in Georgia for the.
late winter and early spring. As soon
as they are gone Bermuda may be relied,
on. If one plants German millet early
and uses sorghum, corn, cowpeas and
soy beans in proper succession, an
.abundance of green feed may be had
from early spring until late fall. Nat
urally the silo should be depended on
for the purpose of supplying a substi
tute for grass in the winter. Corn may
be broadcasted on a limited area and
cut for fodder. Oats may be allowed
to head up and fed in the sheath. Mil-,
let may be grazed directly or cut and
fed just as it begins to head out. If
early maturing varieties of cowpeas are
used they should be sufficiently matured
to cut for forage about the first to the
middle of July. Sorghum will not be
ready until later in the season. We
doubt the advisability of attempting to
sow anything with Bermuda grass other
than a light scattering of oats or mil
let. Any of the legumes would be liable
to shade the ground and hold the Ber
muda in check. In fact, you will get
the best results from sodding the Ber
muda and letting it alone until it gets
well started.
* • *
TWO HUNDRED BUSHELS PER ACRE.
J. W. F., Harlem, Ga., writes: I have
an acre of land that I want to make 200
bushels of corn on. It was in peas last year
which were turned under and rye sown.
The first of February I broadcasted nine
two-horse loads of stable manure and turned
under rye and stable manure about ten inch
es deep. Would you lime the land? Am
thiuklng of broadcasting a ton of equal
parts of kalntt and acid and using one ton
of fertilizer as side application and 800
pounds of nitrate of soda.
I have another acre treated the same way
on which I wish to grow cotton. What fer
tilizers should I use? We make a vigorous
stalk. What fertilizer should I use on
Spanish peanuts?
You have certainly acted wisely in
applying your manure broadcast to your
corn land and “plowing under the rye
stubble before it becomes too vigorous.
The rye helps to hold the available plant
food which the soil contained last fall
when the pea crop was turned under,
even though it did not add a large
amount of vegetable matter to the soil.
Lime this land by all means, using at
least one ton per acre of the finely
ground raw rock. It should be scatter
ed over the surface of the ground as
soon as possible and worked in with a
harrow, but not plowed down. We think,
an application of one ton per acre of a
high grade fertilizer formula should an
swer very well. We are sure that the
use of the phosphorus and potash would
be advisable, for with the liberal appli
cations of nitrate of soda as top dress
ings which you have in view, there is
liable to be an overproduction of stalk
at the expense of grain unless there is
an abundance of phosphorus and potash
available to stimulate the production
of grain and hasten the maturity of the
A rat-proof structure may be built
in one of several ways. If you desire
to erect a special building in which to
store your oats, there is probably noth
ing better to use for this purpose than
corrugated galvanized iron. The roof
and the sides may be made of this, the
floor to be made of wood and suffi
ciently strong to carry the necessary
weight. The inside frame of the build
ing would of necessity have to be wood
and well set and braced to give the
proper resistance. The inside lining, if
desirable, may be of tongue-and-
grooved flooring. The floor should be
covered with a heavy grade of tin, and
this should be painted with red lead to
prevent its rusting. It probably would
be well to use the granary for a year
or two before painting the tin, so as
to allow the grease to wear off and
thus insure the lead adhering more per
fectly.
A simpler structure even than this
may be made by sinking in the ground
several cedar blocks to a proper depth.
Then take a large galvanized iron
wash tub and invert on top of the
piers and build the granary of wood
just as you would build an ordinary
room, reinforcing it sufficiently to
stand the necessary strain.
A third method which may be em
ployed' to good advantage would be to
construct a cement foundation. The
footings should be eight or ten inchos
wide and a wall run up to four inches,
which should rise above the ground
about one foot. The inside should be
filled and packed with earth and a
cement floor laid thereon. Cinders
should be used underneath the floor, as
this helps to insure dryness. A wood
overlay should be made, on the cement
floor, so as to properly protect the
oats. It Vould be well to have an air
space beneath the wobd floor. The
frame of the building should be of
wood. The outisde should be covered
with wire lath and then a cement
plaster put on the lath. A coating
should be put on both inside and out.
The wire lath should be strung on
about a. No. 12 wire, whiqh helps to
give regidity. The roof may be made
of galvanized iron, or you may use
metal shingles; but we think they are
not so desirable as the interlocked gal
vanized iron roofing. If you desire to
build a granary inside your barn, you
will first of all have to line it with
wood and then cover it with heavy
sheet .tin. The roof and floors would
of necessity have to be covered, and
the inside of the boors as well.
* * *
PEAS AND SWEET POTATOES AFT^R
OATS.
W\ B. C., Glenwood, Ga., writes: I nve
about fifteen acres of spring oats which
I will harvest in about a week. I wish to
plant the most remunerative crop on this
land after, the oat crop comes off. I am
thinking of sowing to Unknown peas. Could
I plant this land to advantage In sweet po
tatoes? I have swamp drift fairly well
rotted to place in the rows. Is there a fair
demand for potatoes In carload lots?
There is no reason why you should
not sow UnkTiown cowpeas after oats.
It is well to break the land before plant
ing the peas unless you happen to strike
a season when conditions are just right
for disking. In such case you can some
times broadcast the peas and Work
them into the soil and secure a stand
very quickly and without much labor,
but in our experience it has paid us to
plow the land. We generally use a
gang plow for this purpose, breaking
the land fairly shallow and then seed
ing the peas with a drill as we find we
obtain larger yields and a more satis
factory stand by this practice. We ad
vise the use of 300 pounds of a 10-1-4
under peas. There is no reason why
some of this land should not be planted
to sweet potatoes. In fact, the Writer
has made it a practice to plant sweet po
tatoes after Irish potatoes for seyeral
years past and has produced fine crops
of sweet potatoes. Oat stubble turned
under and properly worked up should
furnish a good seed bed for potatoes.
Remember that the land should be thor
oughly prepared. We would fertilize it
well with about a 9-3.5-6, anil we think a
minimum application should be 500 to
600 pounds. The use of the swamp
drift in the drills will be helpful, pro
vided the material is well decayed. We
would put the leaf mold in the bottom
of the furrow and mix it and the fer
tilizer well with the soil and then bed
and set out the potato slips. There is a
good demand for sweet potatoes at cer
tain seasons of the year. Sometimes
during the autumn the market is glutted,
but if one can store them for a while
they can often be sold to good advan
tage.
• • *
OATS AS A FOOD FOR COWS.
J. J. C., writes: Do you consider oats a
balanced ration for dairy cows? If not,
wlmt should be fed with them ? Do you
think it Injurious to feed cows heavily on
cotton seed meal and hulls In the summer
months? Have you ever known oats to kill
cows if allowed to eat nil they want?
Unusual climatic conditions have pre
vailed throughout the cotton growing
sections of the country during the past
month which have greatly retarded the
development of the cotton plant. The
cotton plant is a child of the sun and
does not flourish under adverse- climatic
conditions. While young it is very ten
der and requires that its surroundings
should be favorable to insure proper
growth and development. Cotton grows
only when the land is warm. Burkett in
this beautiful sentiment says: “The
blossom itself tells us this. In the morn
ing of a bright clear, warm day it opens
to its full extent to drink in the sun,
but as soon as the danip evening ap
proaches it closes as if it would keep
cold and dew wholly without. In every
way the cotton'plant shows its nature
and its longing for warmth and sun
shine. Its leaves ever appear to turn
to the east In the morniTig, watching for
sunrise and seem to follow it in its
course until it sets in the west, then
thqy droop, as if the day’s work were
finished, and await the. coming of the
sun again.”
The nights for the past month have
been too cold for the wellbeing of the
cotton plant and as a result the plant
has been slow in developing. This sug
gests the importance of the farmer’s
cultivating the soil in such a manner
as will enable it to absorb the heat from
the sun that the young plants may feei
its inspiring effect. Not a moment’s
time should be lost by the cotton grower.
The cool nights are chilling the plants
through and through, preventing their
rapid growth which is so essential to
a perfect stalk development. It- is a
maxim of law based upon common sense
and experience, that for every wrong
there is a remedy, but before the remedy
can be applied the cause whence the
evil springs must be definitely ascer
tained. There is no doubt but that the
cause for the retarded growth of the
newly planted cotton plant is due to
the chill of the plant by the continuous
oool nights. Remove the child and in
troduce in its stead warmth and the
cotton plant will take on new life and
vigor and when normal conditions re
turn will rapidly overcome the evil ef
fects of an unfavorable condition.
Sucess in cotton raising depends
largely upon the care given the young
plants during the period of unfavorable
weather conditions. If the soil is not
areated it Gan not absorb heat, and as
a result the plant becomes stunted, it
not diseased. The foliage becomes dis
torted because the leaves lose water by
transpiration faster than it can be ab
sorbed by the chilled roots, thus inter
fering with the normal habit of the
plant to form branches and at the same
time to extend its fibrous roots into
the soil.
Shallow cultivation of the cotton
plant is necessary to a vigorous growth
because its lateral roots contain thou
sands of very minute hair roots whose
functions are to drink in the moisture
of the soil and to absorb through their
cell-like mouths the dissolved plant
food in the soil. Deep plowing cuts and
lacerates thes"? rootlets and thus de
stroys thousands of the little hair roots
depriving the plant of the benefits ol
the patural processes by which the
energy of the plant is sustained, caus
ing the plant to shed Its fruit and dis
couraging the formation of fruit buds
The ground should be thoroughly work
ed and reworked and no crust should be
permitted to form. This crust would
prevent the soil from warming up ano
at the same time induce moisture ana
evaporation. If the farmer will plow
his young cotton plants, using care to
prevent interference with the develop
ment of a perfect and harmonious root
system the soil will absorb heat when
otherwise it would become clammy and
compact, shutting out the heat and in
creasing the chill.
Cotton is the basis of the dominant
industry of the world. It is monarch
that brooks no rival. It acknowledges
no master. The whole world is interest
ed in it and any circumstance that
tends to lessen its production concerns
us all.
TAKE THE BEST CARE
OF THE BROOD SOW
RENEWED TREATIES
ARE RECOMMENDED
(By Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON, June 9.—Renewals ot
aribtration treaties with Great Britain,
Italy and Spain, about to expire, were
favorably reporte.*. today by the foreign
relations .committee and doubtless will
be ratified by the senate.
An extradition treaty witn Paraguay
almost, if not absolutely the last place
in the world where an American crimi
nal is safe from justice, also was ap
proved.
Senator Bacon’s bills to raise the le
gation at Madrid to an embassy and cre
ate separate legations for Uraguay and
Paraguay were approved. The pro
posed canal treaty with Nicaragua was
not discussed.
ate an unlimited quantity. I have seen
animals gorge themselves on oats and
then drink a large amount of water and
then die from hoven or bloat. This was
due to the fact that the owner did not
know how to treat the animals promptly.
There is no reason why the average
dairy cow should be fed over 10 to 12
pounds of oats per day. The amount of
grain to feed is about a pound to a
pound and a half per 1,000 pounds of
live weight when giving 2 to 21-2 gal
lons a day. The ration should be ad
justed to the milk flow.
SECOND CROP IRISH POTATOES.
* A Subscriber, Rock Hill, S. C., writes: I
Lave an acre of land that I want to plant
In fall crop Irish potatoes. The land is a
mixture of sand and clay. I want to get
the land in a fine state of cultivation be
fore planting. It has been lying out for
several years. Please tell me how to fertil
ize and manage the crop so as to secure
the largest yield.
On© of the most important factors in
successful hog raising is the proper care
of the brood sow before and after far
rowing. Of what value is it for a sow
to produce a litter of eight or ten pigs
and not be able to raise more than three
or four? If strong, vigorous pigs are
to be produced and a large percentage
raised, they must not only have parents
of good individuality and heeding, but
the sow must be given some special care
^nd attention, particularly -at farrow
ing time.
In the first place, the sow should be
bred when she is in a vigorous and
gaining condition. While not allowed to
become too fat, she should be in good,
flesh at farrowing time, such flesh not
resulting from corn alone, but from a
well balanced ration in connection with
good pasture. It must be remembered
that the sow must have protein and min
eral matter for the development of the
pigs she carries as well as the upkeep
of her own body. Suh feeds as corn,
kaffir corn, milo maize and rice bran fed
alone will not furnish those nutrients in
sufficient quantity, but must be supple
mented wtih such feeds as skim milk,
wheat shorts, tankage or meat meal that
are rich in protein, and combined with
such pasture as oats, wheat, rye, barley
or Bermuda grass, if the best results
are to be obtained. If provided with
such grazing crops as alfalfa, cowpeas.
Spanish peanuts, burr clover or Ddarf
Essex rape, no additional protein feeds
are necessary, and hence any of these
crops in connection with a limited
amount of corn, kaffir corn, milo maize
or rice bran will give satisfactory re
sults.
Ten days or two weeks before the
sow is due to farrow, she should be sep
arated from the rest of the herd, com
fortably located in an inclosure suf
ficiently large for exercise and prodded
with a small farrowing house. If allow
ed to remain wtih the herd and to far
row in some old fence corner or some
other similarly undesirable place, it
should be no wonder if the number of
pigs raised is small.
An A-shaped farrowing house is a
very good kind. It should be about 7
feet wide and 9 feet long at the bot
tom, with the distance from the top,
perpendicular to the bottom, about 6
feet. It should have a door 2 feet wide
by 2 1-2 feet deep in one end, and a
window 1 1-2 feet in the other. A
floor is not necessary. Within this
house, on each side and at the rear end,
should be arranged a piece of 2x4 tim
ber about 8 inches above the ground,
and the same distance out from the
wall. This will serve as a guard to
keep the sow from accidentally killing
the young pigs by squeezing them
against the wall. If the walls, Which
also form the roof, are arranged on
hinges at or near the top, they may be
elevated during warm weather so as to
permit a free circulation of air, and
thus form an excellent shade. The
house should be constructed upon 4x4
inch skids so that it may be drawn
from one place to another when a
change of location is desired. Such a
house may be constructed at a cost not
to exceed $7 to $9.
Special care should be exercised in
feeding the sow at farrowing time.
Overfeeding at this time is almost cer-
to cause bad results. It will often
oduce an abnormal feverish condition
in the sow, sometimes resulting in her
eating her pigs. It, furthermore, may
produce a larger njilk flow than is best
for the pigs at this time, thus proving
injurious to them by causing scours,
thumps, etc. Beginning about a week
before the sow is due to farrow, her
ration should be gradually reduced to
at least one-half. After farrowing, "she
should not be disturbed nor receive any
feed for about twenty-four hours,
though she should have free access to
water. The first feed should be light—
a slop of wheat bran being good. Sev
eral days should be taken in gradually
getting her back to full feed so % as to
produce no more milk tjian the pigs
can well take. Three or four weeks
after farrowing, green grazing should
constitute a portion of the ration for
both sow and pigs if the best results
are to be obtained.
Oats make an excellent food for dairy
cows. They contain the digestible nu
trients in about the right proportion to
meet the needs of this class of animals
to good advantage. You will find that
the oats can be fed to best advantage
after grinding in most instances. It is
also well to mix them with a small
amount of coarse feed. While oats by
themselves make an excellent ration,
they are costly and can often be com
bined with bran and cotton seed meal
to good advantage. Where you are
feeding a cow as much as 8 to 10
pounds of grain a day, feed two to three
pounds of cotton seed meal and the bal
ance of oats. Mix the two together and
feed in equal proportions night and
morning. The amount of grain to feed
a cow will depend much on the flow of
milk. There is no reason why a large
amount of meal and hulls should be
fed to cows In the summer time unless
you have no pasturage. In that event
we would advise you to plant crops
which may be used for soiling purposes;
that Is, fed green when they are about
sufficiently matured to make good hay.
Of course, oats might kill a cow if she
Land intended for second crop Irish
potatoes should be put in the best pos
sible condition. To this end it would
be pereferable to plow it at an early
date and then harrow and work it often
enough to keep weeds in check and pre
vent the escape of moisture. In fact,
breaking it the second time if sea
sonal conditions are favorable would
not be bad practice. If you can secure
any yard manure or well decayed veg
etable matter from the woods scatter
it over the surface of the ground be
fore you plow it. Of course, only a
moderate amount of manure should be
used at this season of the year, but as
the potato’ does best in a soil which
contains a considerable per cent of veg
etable matter, it is well to try and im
prove it in this respect unless it has
already been enriched by previous ap
plications of manure. Plowing the land
some weeks in advance of when you de
sire to plant it and then giving it thor
ough surface cultivation will put it in
excellent tilth and will conserve a suf
ficient amount of moisture to induce
rapid germination. We think a good
formula to use would be about a 9-4-6.
A minimum application would be 600
pounds per acre, and we would open
furrows a.nd put the fertilizer in the
bottom thereof and then mix the fer
tilizer thoroughly with the soil before
planting the potatoes. Medium sized
whole potatoes should be planted as a
rule and they should be covered to a
fair depth. Getting them up to a stand
is often a difficult matter. From ten
to twelve bushels of whole potatoes
should be sufficient to plant an acre.
Cartridges for the National
Shoot
As a result of the tests recently con
ducted by the Government Board of Ex
perts to select the ammunition to be used
at the coming big International shoot to
be held at Camp Perry in August and
September, Winchester rifle and revolver
cartridges have added another big tri
umph to their long list. On account of
their superior shooting in the 300 Meter
test, Winchester rifle cartridges will be
used by the expert riflemen of the world
who take part in the International
Matches, and Winchester revolver car
tridges will be used in the National
Matches to be held about the same time.
In the tests of revolver ammunition. Win
chester cartridges not only outshot all
other makes, but made a new World’s
Record for accuracy.—(Advt.)
AGENTS $24 A WEEK
R. M. King Made $45 In 6 Days
AMERICANS IN MEXICO
GIVE CRY OF DISTRESS
Appeal to Wilson for Protec
tion Against Mexicans Who ,
Are Endangering Lives
AMPiCO, Mexico. June 9.—'Three
hundred Americans located In southern
Tamaulipas, representing sixty-eight
families, have demanded in a long mes
sage to President Wilson, sent through
Consul Miller here, to know r , “once for
all,” whether they can expect protection
from their home government, since they
“do not desire to take measures for our
own safety which would embarrass our
government without giving due notice
before hand.”
The message of the American was
transmitted by wireless through Consul
Miller to W. W. Canada, the American
consul at Vera Cruz, to be forwarded
to Washington. It says in part:
“Having been left 'without any pro
tection whatever on the part of both
sides in the pending controversy, there
fore we can look for protection only
from our own country. We must know
once for all if we can expect same.
Having been subjected to slights and a
great variety of indignities and gross
abuse during the last few days, the sit
uation calls for most serious prepara
tions for our persona^ safety and the
defense of our families and our inter
ests. Therefore we have assembled for
the purpose of considering the best way.
We consider protection necessary now,
since that after death it will be of no
utility.”
The message declares in addition that
the petitioners have borne financial
losses silently, but that many of them
cannot obey the advice to “get away if
in danger,” as their departure would
mean the abandoning of the accumula
tions of a lifetime.
“We consider the lives of ourselves
and our families in dan^r, and the sit
uation has justified this petition several
times in the last few days,” the mes
sage continues. “It is no longer doubt
ful that the slightest spark will bring
on the dread conflagration at any mo
ment. . In many instances the small
arms sold American citizens on the part
of the American government for their
protection have been demanded, and in
some instances they have ben taken.”
Butter contains water and salt
Cottolene
is 100% shortening
When you buy butter fbi
cooking purposes, you* are
paying for25% waterand salt;
you get but 75% real shorten
ing value. In Cottolene you
get 100% shortening.
Cottolene costs much less,
than good butter---and gives
just as good results in short
ening and frying. Cottolene
is as cheap or cheaper than
lard—gives better results—
and is absolutely healthful,
which is more
than can be
said of lard.
Cottolene is
economical,
because one-
third less is re
quired than of
either butter'
or lard.
THE N. K. FAIRBANlf COMPANY
Fish Bite
Like Hungry Wolves. Fill your Nets
Traps or Trot Lines if you bait with
M AOIC-FI8H-LURE.
Best bait ever used for attracting
all kinds of fish. Write for price
'ist to-day and get a box to help
introduce it. Agents wanted.
J. F. GREGORY,
Dept. 0 St. Louis, Mo.
BUflfilESTMif
CENTURY BUGGIES are built lor hard terries. The best of material ■
tnd workmanship used throughout—every detail of construction and finish
rigidly in«pected and tested. Every Vehicle Guaranteed for 3 Yeara. |
We Sell Direct to the TJaer—cut out all middlemen's LyJ
profits and sate you $25.00 to $45.00. _ _
" EASY PAYMENTS ON ALL VEHICLES
f Pay for yoar buggy while you use it.
Boggy abown hero—triple anto seat, latest model, highest quality—
0.00 to $125.00. Our prices range from $29..'~
retail value $100.01
>.50 up;
...... . IF
$10.00 down and $5.00 a month—guaranteed to please or your
money back. Write for Freight Paid Prices.
Your credit it good—-write for Free catalogs showing full line
of Buggies, Surreys and Farm Wagons. We make a fine line of
HARNES8—and sell it at lowest prica. A for Catalog.
CENTURY MANUF»r.TURIN0 C0..Dep(.W«, E««l St.lMll.IIL
or Sept. 934, 200 filth Are., New York CUT.
3Y£A» GUARANTEE
-m u c COST
An
eng
best adapted ^
for your work it the
engine you can depend
on—capable of heavy anti
steady work every day
with less upkeep in coat.
Cole's Engines are the result of more than _.
years experience and success. Their wonderful
ability--aotual economy of fuel-thetr high grade mater-
* * * *-*“ A -,nt and i
... lal-skiUed workmanship-their constant and reliable per-
CmMmm M mmunimu unformsnoe gives you the utmost In power and the greatest
jeig on a genuine guarantee ln en gi n * B your money can buy. Compact and have balanoed
book FREE
K. D. COLE MANUFACTURING
valves.
If yon will make a comparison with any other engine, you
Will find Its superiority at once. All these are things to look 1
for-that count ln buying an engine.
Don’t buy an engine until you have Investigated the Cole. '
Write today for catalogue and Aill Information regard!
speolal engine offer. Do this now.
NEWNAN,
Dr. Wiley Wins Bet
But Loses Handful
Of Hair to a Baby
(By Associated Pro.*,)
WASHINGTON, June 6.—Dr. Harvey
W. Wiley, former chief chemist of the
department of agriculture and "pure
food” champion. Is minus a handful of
hair, as the result of a wager made
with a friend at the Cosmos club. It
developed today that Dr. Wiley to prove
his theory that a proper diet was es
sential for the welfare of young chil
dren, cited the case of his own baby,
who is not yet one year old.
"I haven't much hair to spare,” said
Dr. Wiley, "but if my youngster can’t
yank out a handful or two of it, Just to
illustrate his strength I'll buy you a
new hat.”
The scoffer, who happened to ue a
close friend of the Wiley family, ac
cepted the offer. The Wiley baby "made
good” the denuded spot on Dr. Wiley’s
pate now is covered by the hat the un
believer was forced to buy.
98 cents
To advertise oar business, make now friends and Introdaoe our groat cate*
loguo of Elgin watchea wo will and thia elegant watch to any addroaa bp
mall postpaid for Only •• oonto. Regular gentlemen's also, opsn faoe,
full engraved, high grade gold plate finiah, Arabic or Roman dial, lsvar ee*
f capament, stem wind and stem set, a marvelously correct timekeeper and
, fully Guaranteed far • Yeara. Send thia advertisement to ua with yonp
¥ name and addraaa and 08 cents and watch will bo sent by return mad pbaV
paid. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Remember, 08 oenta la posk
velv all you have to pay for this wonderful watch. Send 08 cents today. Addraar
. E. CHALMERS & CO. 838 80. Dearborn St. CHICACO
Farmer’s Favorite $1£2
The Three Leading Papers
for only One Dollar
and this pair of
Gold Handled Shears
FREE
Sign your name and ad
dress to Coupon below and
send to us withOne Dollar
and we will send you
,
50 H
W X
w tn
rrj m
z m
H w
^ O
Months
IS IN ONE
Forged steel. Patented. Low priced. Sells to auto
owners, farmers, mechanics in the shops and the home.
Not sold ln stores. No competition. Sales easy. Big
profits. Ten-inch sample to workers. Write at once.
THOMAS TOOL CO.,S5S38Wol Si., Darton, Olio
1 will lemd^ou a
Talking Machine
orVlCTROLA
VICTOR
r for a trial in your own home. You need not send me f
: eent. I will send you a genuine Victor or VicUola t
I (any one you may choose from my complete Free cata- i
I lc-1; if after trial you decide to keep it, I will scllitt^yoa i
j on term*of my easy payment plan, and for not one cent J
j more than you would pay for a cash purchase. If you de- I
^ cidethnt you don’t want it just notify me and [
send it back at my expense. The risk its all I
i mine. I trust you. Write to-day for my |
j proposition. PETER GOODWIN, Pres,, f
Goodwin Mercantile Co.,
6*9 entury Bide. St. Louis. Mo. j
THE SEMI
WEEKLY JOURNAL
Til* Biggest Newspaper tn the South.
Home and Farm 12 Months
The Biggeat and Oldeit Buna Journal
ln the lonth.
Woman’s World Magazine 12 Months
Most Widely Circulated Magaaiae in the
Word-
and the Gold Handled
Shears FREE
me
Na
Post office
p. f. b. .
Stato