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THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, JULY 8, 1913.
-I
This department will cheerfully endeavor to furnish any information.
Letters should 6f addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president Stats
Agricultural College, Athens, Oa.
Georgia As a Cotton Growing State
P UBLIC attention has recently been
directed to the large amount of
corn shipped into Georgia each
year in spite of the fact that the state
has made quite a remarkable increase
in yield per acre during the past few
years. This result, as is well known, is
attributable largely to the work of the
boys corn clubs which by the way should
be encouraged by every citizen who has
the welfare of the state at heart. It
takes a long time to overcome inertia
and to Induce people to follow a new
trail no matter.how successfully it may
have been blazed out. Therefore, we
should not be discouraged because Geor
gia is not-at present raising all the corn
she consumes. According to statistical
information, there is a considerable in
crease in the live stock interests of the
state, and our towns and cities have
made quite a remarkable growth in the
past decade. As a result, there has no
doubt been a proportionate growth in
consumption which has tended to offset
the increased yield of about thirty mil
lion bushels shown by the state as a
whole since 1909. In spite of all which
has been or can be done for some time
to come, the fetish of coiion still looms
entirely too large in the eye of the
farmer. Overcoming this is a difficult
problem and it is going to be more near
ly accomplished through educating the
boys to the possibilities of corn cultiva
tion in the state of Georgia than in any
should be made etaosihrd eta etao
other way. Of course, every effort
should be made to induce the adult farm
er to change his methods and this will
undoubtedly be done through the ex
tension-demonstration agencies now at
work in the state, but the great empha
sis in the struggle to transform the
methods of farm practice in Georgia
should be centered on the redirection of
the efforts of the rising generation which
is so soon to take the helm of agri
cultural affairs under its control.
Can Georgia grow corn successfully
and profitably? There is no longer doubt
as tq the positive answer which should
be given to this question. Last year
the seasonable conditions were probably
as unfavorable in the state as they have
been in a decade and yet nearly 100 boys
produced 100 or more bushels of corn
per acre. The remarkable thing about
this result is the fact that these boys
were scattered throughout the length
and breadth of the state. In other words
the maximum yields referred to were not
secured in any one county, division or
section. This furnishes pretty conclu
sive proof that large yields of corn may
be secured in almost any part of the
state where rational methods of soil
preparation, fertilization and cultivation
are given due consideration.
An examination into the records of
these young men together wich those
of hundreds of others who did not pro
duce as much as 100 bushels per acre
shows that their corn was made at
a reasonable cost. For instance, in Cha-
tooga county, fifty boys made an average
yield per acre of 47 bushels at an aver
age cost of $30 per acre. In Muscogee
county fourteen boys made an average
yield of 55 bushels at an average profit
of $33.50. In Jenkins county nine boys
made an average yield of 53 bushels
per acre at an average profit of $32.77.
In Emanuel county, twelve boys made
an average yield of 47.7 bushels per acre
at an average profit of $26.50.
How were these results accomplished
and are they practicable on the average
farm? In the first place, these yields
were obtained by a more thorough prep
aration of the soil than had ever been
accorded it before. Since the ground
was broken in most instances with two-
horse turning plows or disks, there is no
reason why the same method should not
be extended to practically all the land
devoted to corn growing in Georgia.
Many of the boys used some yard
manure or vegetable matter on their
land. There is no reason why every
farmer should not have a compost heap,
and why'he should not take greater care
of the yard manure produced on his
farm. There is no good reason why the
live stock business should not be in
creased and larger supplies of yard
manure made available. Certainly, ev
ery farmer can afford to grow some le
guminous crops and plow them under
for the enrichment of his soil. The
way is clear, therefore, for increasing
the supply of vegetable matter in Geor
gia soils and thus making it possible
to raise a larger amount of c?orn on all
the land devoted to this crop. Natural
ly these results can not be attained in
one year, but it is essential that a
definite scheme of soil building be in
augurated on every plantation in the
state, and the boys have shown how
this may be done.
Some will say that these acre plats
of corn were grown only on the choicest
piece of land available on a given farm.
It matters not if this be the case. The
point is that the other land can be built
up by means at the disposal of the
farmer and made equally -rich. It may
take several years to do it, but the
result will be shown in an increased
yield. Of course, the boys fertilized
their areas of land rather freely. Pos
sibly some of them overdid it. In
other words, they applied more fertil
izer than was really necessary, but on
land which has been properly prepared
from 500 pounds and upwards of high-
grade fertilizer may be used to advan-
the past. For the most part they used
prolific varieties and tested their seed to
eee that it would gerrfcinate so as to in
sure a uniform stand. This is a very
essential matter. As a rule, the corn
was planted in rows about four feet
apart and rather thickly in the drill,
that is about one foot apart. Shallow
surface cultivation was given through
out the growing season and cultivation
was persisted in as late as possible. No
impractical methods were employed by
the boys, yet if the same care and atten
tion were given to the cultivation of all
the corn grown throughout the state as
was exercised by the boys on their acre
plats, the yiel<l would be materially in
creased, and the amount of ground nec
essary to produce it next year reduced
by one-half. There is no reason why
Georgia should not grow all the corn
she needs herd at home, and it at a good
tage for the production of corn in Geor
gia As the basis of these fertilizers
cotton seed meal may be selected as the
carrier of nitrogen. Corn is a compara
tively long season prop, and therefore,
PG'D'Kr HARVESTER with Binder Attach-
LGIbii ment cuts and throws in piles on
harvester or winrow. Man and horse cuts and
shocks equal with a corn Binder. Sold in every
state. Price $20.00. W. H. BUXTON, of Johns
town, Ohio, writes: “The Harvester has proven
all you claim for it; the Harvester saved me
over $25.00 In labor last year’s corn cutting. I
ent over 500 shocks; will make 4 bushels corn
to a shock.” Testimonials and catalog free,
showing pictures of harvester. Address NEW
PROCESS MPG. CO., Salina, Kansas
an organic source of nitrogen will pro
vide this element in sufficient rapidity
to meet its needs.
Our experience would indicate that,
relatively speaking, cotton seed meal
has given us as cheap a base upon which
to build a fertilizer as any other mate
rial we have experimented with for sev
eral years past. For corn on clay lands
an 8-3-3 will answer very well; on
loamy soils a 9-3-4; and on sandy lands
a 10-8.6-5. In order to secure the high
nitrogen content suggested in some of
these formulas nitrate of soda will need
to be used as a top dressing. A small
amount of it, not over 100 pounds to
the ton, may be incorporated with the
mixed fertilizer, the basis of the fer
tilizer being cotton seed meal, acid
phosphate and nitrate of potash. These
elements are easy to secure and are
more or less markedly deficient in many
of our soils, but the farmer who under
takes to use heavy applications of fer
tilizer must bear in mind that the thor
ough preparation of the soil and the use
of vegetable matter are essential if he
expects to secure a proper returp from
the fertilizer. Ordinarily, we would be
inclined to put 300 pounds*of the fer
tilizer under' the drill row and use 200
pounds as a side application on soils
of fair fertility. On very rich and high
ly fertile soils all of the fertilizer may
be put under the drill row at the time
of planting the corn. On thin, sandy
soils probably two side applications may
be desirable which would carry the
amount applied per acre up to 700
pounds.
The boys selected their seed corn with
greater care than has been practiced in
profit and at a saving of anywhere from
$50,000,000 to $60,000,000, which is now
sent out of the state for the purchase of
corn. It is not much use to grow 10
to 12-cent cotton and rail to produce our
corn at homfe. A permanent type of
prosperity cannot be brought to the
state by such methods.
Let the lessons of the corn club boys
for the past few years sink deep Into
our hearts, and let us as .adult farmers
throughout the state of Georgia deter
mine to make this a banner year in corn
production.
APPLYING NITRATE IN A DRY
SPELL.
S. A. M., Demorest, Ga., writes: I have
about half an acre In corn, beans, beets and
Irish potatoes. If the weather is dry would
it help to put some nitrate of soda on the
crop and how much should I use for a half
acre? Would the nitrate of soda do good even
If the ground has plenty of rain?
A little nitrogen or a top dressing of
some kind is often helpful to crops dur
ing a 'sudden dry spell. Of course, fer
tilizer cannot take the place of rain, but
a little nitrogen will often stimulate
growth and invigorate the crop so that
it will stand up against drought condi
tions to better advantage. The nitrogen
•can often be used, especially on vege
tables, to great adavntage, even though
the ground contains a good supply of
moisture. The amount of nitrogen to
use will, of course, be governed by the
natural fertility of your soil. Most of
the truck lands are not overly rich,
and, therefore, we believe you could ap
ply 75 pounds to the half acre to crops
of the character mentioned in your let
ter to good advantage. The nitrate of
soda should be put on after you have
cultivated the crop. Scatter it along
the surface of the ground and in the
vicinity of the plants, but not against
the stalks. You will be surprised to see
the nitrate of soda disappear in a day
or two. This form of nitrogen becomes
immediately available to the growing
crop as soon as dissolved in water and
the moisture rising to the surface
through capillarity will accumulate in
sufficient quantity to dissolve the ni
trate of soda very quickly. We would
advise that you put the nitrogen on im
mediately. Of course, when there is an
abundance of rainfall orops will often
do better with a minimum amount of
fertilizer than they will with a maxi
mum amount in a dry season.
• * •
PREPARING FOR NEXT YEAR’S
CROP.
J. B. L., Ashford, Ala., writes: 1 wish
to produce a bale of cotton per acre on my
land next season. I know that Is a long;
way off. I want advice Jn regard to pro
ducing a bale of cottoiU and 50 bushels of
per acre.
You are acting wisely in preparing
your land for next season’s crop well in
advance. A bale of cotton per acre and
50 bushels of corn ^cannot be produced
without takihg forethought, unless one is
blessed with abnormally rich soil, such
as the best bottoms provide. The thing
for you to do is to plow this land as
thoroughly as, you possibly can and as
soon as practicable. Then seed it to
velvet beans or cowpeas. The cow-
peas may be broadcasted and harrowed
in, though it is always better to drill
them. The velvet beans can be planted
in hills about four feet apart in each
direction, or they may be planted in
drills and dropped say about /a. foot to
eighteen inches in the row. Fertilize
this crop say with 300 pounds of a 10-1-
5 formula. In the early fall when the
lower leaves begin to turn yellow or the
pods show signs of ripening on the tip
end turn the mass under. It may be
necessary to roll the land first and then
use a cutaway harrow on it. Turn the
vines down as completely as possible
and do this before frost strikes them.
A light seeding of rye br rye and vetch
may be scattered over the ground to
prevent washing during the winter, but
if the land is level no cover crop need
be used. Plow as early in the spring
as practicable. Then lay off in rows
for cotton 4 to 4 1-2 feet apart and
about the same distance for corn. Plant
a prolific type of corn and a variety
of cotton, which has given the best re
sults in your community. Use under
the rows all the litter and leaf mold you
can get If you have yard manure put
from 2 to 5 tons per acre. Fertilize
well with an application of 400 to 500
pounds of a 10-3-5 formula for corn and
a 9-3-4 for cotton. Use one or two
side applications. Give shallow and
thorough cultivation, and keep the
ground free of weeds.
These are the best suggestions we can
offer in your attempt to produce maxi
mum crops of corn and cotton on land
of the character described in your let
ter.
• • *
A FORMULA FOR SOUTH GEORGIA.
A. W. M., Albany, Ga., writes: WUat do
you think of the following formula for a
second application: ICO pounds of cotton seen
meal, 440 pounds of nitrate of soda, 1,100
pounds of kninit, 300 pounds of 10 per cent
acid phosphate? When would be the best
time to put this around cotton? Should it
be put around the older 'or younger cotton.
We put 400 pounds to the acre of high-
grade guano before planting.
The formula in question would con
tain approximately 82 pounds of availa
ble nitrogen, 52 pounds of available
phosphoric acid and 141 pounds of
STATE MUST CHANGE
ITS POLICY TOWARD
EXPERIMENT STATION
Protest of Li. S, Department
of Agriculture Over Way
Federal Appropriation Has
Been Spent Causes Anxiety
After having been supressed effective
ly for almost a full month the letter
from the United States department of
agriculture to former Governor Brown,
criticising the administration of the
Georgia Experiment station and indi
cating that the government’s annual
$20,000 appropriation was in danger of
being withdrawn if conditions were not
immediately improved, became public
Saturday.
Information that such a letter had
been written to the former governor
leaked out a day or so ago, but not until
Saturday could a copy of it be obtained.
Upon receiving the letter Governor
Brown transmitted it, or a copy of it,
to J. J. Conner, then commissioner of
agriculture who was ex-officio chairman
of the board of trustees of the experi
ment station.
If any action was taken by Gover
nor Brown or Commissioner Connor on
this letter it cannot be ascertained. As
soon as he learned of the complaint
from Washington, J. D. Price, the new
commissioner of agriculture, wrote to
Dr. E. W. Allen, the government in
spector who brought the criticism
against the station, and requested that
he attend a meeting of the board of
trustees to be held at Experiment on
Wednesday, July 9, there tp outline to
the trustees and station officials just
what is expected of them by the gov
ernment. Dr. Allen will comply with
this request.
Commissioner Price is now ex-officio
chairman of the board of trustees.
Asked for an expression on tne govern
ment’s letter of complaint, Mr. Price
said:
WHAT PRICE SAYS.
“We expect to conduct the experi
ment station in the future in strict ac
cordance with the law covering the
government appropriation.
The diverting of a portion of the ap
propriation in years past to purposes
other than those contemplated in the
act of congress was due to the fact
that the state has not appropriated suf
ficient money to the station to erect
buildings and keep them in repair.- Only
about $700 a year is given to this in
stitution bjj- the state and practically
all of that sum is used to pay the per
diem and mileage of the members of
the board of trustees.
“I notice that the United States de
partment of agriculture takes the posi
tion that the experiment station should
be operated at the same place and in
conjunction with the state college of
agriculture. When the station was es
tablished I held this view and intro
duced a bill in the legislature to locate
it at Athens. Now that it has been lo
cated near Griffin and has acquired a
most valuable plant ana experimental
farm I am in favor of keeping it there,
but I do think there should be a full
co-operation between it and the agricul
tural college.”
LETTER OF COMPLAINT.
Following is the letter of complaint
written by the department to Governor
Brown:
“June 11, 1913.
“Hon. Joseph M. Brown, Governor of
Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir—The recent inspection of the
Georgia Experiment Station by Dr. E.
W. Allen, of this department, has
brought to light a situation which I
beg to call to your attention. It has
teen apparent for some time that the
affairs of the station were in a condi
tion far from satisfactory to the de
partment, and suggestions and recom-
available potash. Its percentage com
position is approximately 2.6 per cent
•of phosphoric acid, 4.1 per cent of ni
trogen and 7.5 per cent of potash. If
your land is very sandy we think this
formula would answer very well; other
wise, we believe that the potash is
higher than need be and the phosphoric
acid too low. The percentage of nitro
gen for a side application is In our
jurgment about right. If the older cot
ton is growing nicely and is in a vig
orous condition, we would prefer to put
this side application on the younger
and more poorly developed part of the
crop. A side application of the char
acter you have suggested may be put
on in your section of the state in our
judgment as late as the 10th of July,
though we would be Inclined to put it
on by the first if at all practical to do
so. An application of this character
put on small cotton would not be like
ly to over-stimulate growth as the
crop would have a longer time before
maturity In which to utilize a formula
of this character. We think 600 pounds
is not too much fertilizer to use on the
cotton crop even where the soil is of
very good quality. Hence we would
not hesitate to use the side application*
on the bigger cotton on account of the
previous application to which you re
fer.
R. J. M., Jacksonville, Fla., writes: What
is the quickest, easiest and most inexpensive
way of cooling milk? What breed of cow»
are best adapted for dairy purposes this far
south ?
Probably the quickest, easiest and
most inexpensive way of cooling milk
is through the use of what is known as
an aerator. These are constructed in
different ways. In some instances they
are so built that a large quantity of
ice may be placed on the inside of the
cooler, and then the milk is poured
into the box-like arrangement at the
top and run slowly down through small
holes over the chilled surface. Another
type of cooler is corrugated and is so
arranged that a hose may be attached
to the top w T ith a convenient outlet at
the bottom. Water either from a spring
or well and which has been cooled in
some artificial manner Is then run
through the aerator, and as the milk
runs down into a thin stream over the
outside it is quickly chilled. After this
process is completed some dairymen set
their milk in boxes of ice and also have
refrigerators of greater or less capacity
for storing ice 30 that they may have
(the advantage of a low temperature in
which to place the milk as soon as the
animal odor has been gotten out of it
by the process of aeration suggested.
There is no one best breed of dairy :
cows, Holsteins, Jerseys, Guernseys and
other breeds will give excellent results
in the south. We have herds of Jerseys
and Holsteins on the college farm and
find them both excellent for certain
purposes. The Jerseys give a higher
per cent of fat in the milk, but not so
large a flow as the Holsteins. They are
smaller animals than the Holsteins, but
the Holsteins are large, vigorous ani
mals giving a fine quantity of whole
some milk. The milk from this breed
is especially adapted for consumption
on the part of young children because it
is not so rich in butter rat as that ob
tained from Jerseys. You will not make
a mistake in purchasing well selected
and disease-free animals of any one of
these breeds, provided you feed and
handle them in a rational manner.
CRIMSON CLOVER, A GOOD CROP,
ALSO HELPS LAND FERTILITY
Numerous inquiries indicate an in
creasing interest in crimson clover. It
is now being grown on small areas
where a few years ago many claimed it
could not be grown. It is one of our
very best spring-growing legumes.
When sowed early enough and the win
ter is mild it makes considerable growth
during the late fall and winter, but.
its strong point is its rapid early spring
growth and maturity. It furnishes an
early crop of hay when feed is usually
scarce, or may be plowed under at ma
turity in time for a crop of corn.
Its weak point is the difficulty of
getting a stand. Failures with it are
due to a variety of causes, but prob
ably these occur most frequently from
lack of inoculation; seeding too early
when the young plants are killed by
dry hot weather, or seeding too late,
when the plants fail to make sufficient
growth to withstand the winter freez
ing.
As a rule we think failure to inocu
late the soil is the most common cause
of failure to get a good crop and next
in importance In causing these failures
is sowing too late, but except in the
northern part of our territory, sowing
too early Is also a frequent cause of
failure.
Many want to sow it in corn when
laying-by that crop, but in the cotton
belt. As a general rule, however, it may
practice, for even in the northern part
of the cotton belt we do not think it
should be sowed before the latter part
of August and further south Septem
ber 1 to October 1 is better. Neither
do we advie sowing it at the last work
ing of cotton, except possibly in the
extreme northern part of the cotton
belt. A a general rule, however, it may
be sowed immediately after the first
picking of cotton, or possibly after the
second picking in some localities.
It is not suitable for growing on land
to be followed by cotton, for it does not
mature sufficiently early to permit of
a proper preparation of cotton lands;
but there is no better preparation for a
corn crop. Whether it is cut for hay
or plowed under, the corn will be ben
efited, but, of course, much more bene
fit is received by the corn crop If the
crimson clover is plower under, late
planteing and the resulting danger o?
the corn suffering for lack of moisture
need not be seriously feared an ordi
nary year.
We advise every farmer to try at
least a small acrea of crimson clover
this year. If the crop has not been
grown successfully on the farm, plow,
say one acre, now, disk and harrow im
mediately, and harrow once every ten
days or two weeks until the latter part
of August or September, according to
the location, and then inoculate the
acre with 500 to 1.000 pounds of soil
from a field where crimson, small white
or red clover has grown successfully
or with the commercial cultures of the
bacteria which may be purchased from
our advertisers, and sow the seed and
brush them in lightly with a horrow. If
a good crop is obtained, this soil will
inoculate the whole farm and more
crimson clover will surely be grown;
but if only a little of it grows, do not
become discouraged, but repeat the
same operations on the same acre next
year and success is almost certain to
follow.
mendations have accordingly been
made to its officials, which apparently
have not been acted upon. I regret
to say that the station has now reached
so low a level of efficiency and made
such questionable use of the funds ap
propriated by the federal government
as to arouse sferious concern and to
raise the question of continuing the
apportionments to the station.
“The experiment station is a scien
tific institution, designed for the in
vestigation of problems relating to ag
riculture. As such, it requires a staff
of men trained and experienced in
their several departments, with a clear
insight into the methods of investiga
tion and ability to successfully attack
problems from a scientific viewpoint.
To guide and direct such a staff, provide
for them the facilities and the condi
tions essential to their best work, and
to give them sympathetic and intelli
gent leadership and support calls for a
man at the head of the station with
broad training in the methods of sci
ence, with an appreciation of its needs
and its application to agricultural
problems, and with sufficient vision to
map out a policy and a line of action
to meet the demands of the state. It
is quite evident that for several years
past this fundamental requirement has
not been met in the administration of
the Georgia station* and as a result of
this and of other conditions which have
dominated the station, it has drifted
further and further from its real pur
pose, and It has followed a policy
which is not in harmony with the spir
it or the language of the federal acts
providing the appropriations.
UNFORTUNATE LOCATION.
“One large contributing factor in this
situation has been the unfortunate loca
tion of the station away from the col
lege of agriculture and the university, a
condition which finds parallel in only
one other state. This separation has af
fected the standards and ideals of the
station, cut It off from many material
advantages, and deprived its staff of
the association and the atmosphere sur
rounding a seat of learning so stimulat
ing and helpful to research.
“The advantages of close association
of the station with tJie agricultural col
lege or university are so numerous and
so universally recognized, and the diffi
culties of maintaining an efficient sta
tion under the conditions and the in
fluences which have heretofore been in
control are so great, that it seems im
possible that so illogical an arrange
ment, which is out of harmony with the
specific terms of the acts establishing
the stations, should be allowed to con
tinue.
“The policy of conducting a model
farm, with general farming, dairying,
and other operations on a commercial
seal2, or with insignificant and insuffi
cient experimental features, has led
in the judgment of the department to a
practical diversion of the federal funds
from their proper use. As a result of
this policy the federal funds have been
employed in such manner as to give
large financial returns which have been
placed in sales or “surpliis” fund used
freely for purposes contrary to the ap
propriating acts. Numerous devices have
been resorted to in order to increase
this surplus fund, and the staff has been
encouraged to use the federal funds in !
conducting operations which would con- j
tribute revenue to this fund, with undue j
regard to the experimental features. The
consequent drain upon the government
appropriations has been heavy. For ex
ample, the labor charges against the
federal funds for the first ten months of
the current fiscal year (to May 1, 1913)
were found to have amounted to about
$4,300, while only $16.53 had been paid
for labor from the surplus fund. This
surplus fund has not been employed for
the conduct of experiments such as are
contemplated by the appropriating acts,
nor for helping defray the expenses of
the commercial farming operations, but
has been used for building and other
purposes open to objection. Numerous
bu.iAuings and residences' of the station
have been erected with the accumula
tions of this fund, although the expecta
tion has. been that the buildings and
lands would be provided from other
sources, both the Hatch and the Adams
acts stipulating that only 5 per cent may
be used for such purposes, to meet tem
porary needs and emergencies.
“Attention has repeatedly been callea
to these features of comercial farming
and the Inroads they were making on ap
propriations provided solely for experi
ment and investigation. The recent In
spection, however, discloses the fact that
there has been no change in policy in
this regard, and that a sales or surplus
fund of over $11,000 has been accumulated,
largely with a wrong use of the federal
MAKE THAT HAY CROP SURE;
BIG PROFIT IF CARED FOR
appropriations, which is now being em
ployed to provide a system of farm build
ings necessitated by the fire of last sum
mer.
“I cannot but regard this continued
practice as a diversion of the funds given
in trust to the state for a definite and
specific purpose. Taken in connection
with other maters relating to the conduct
of the station, a serious question of fu
ture policy toward the station is raised,
which can only be satisfied by a marked
change in its management and in the at
titude pursued toward it.
“It is cited in Justification of this
course of turning the federal funds to
purposes of gain, that the state has never
supplied funds for needed buildings and
to meet other expenses, and in fact has
never made any appropriations toward
the support of the institution. It has thus
Imposed upon the management of the
station a condition which has presented
unusual difficulties in maintaining a
strictly legal use of the federal funds, and
I am disposed to accept this as a partial
reason for the course which has been pur
sued. It appears that the requirements
of an administrative head of the station
have now been realized, and a director
with training and experience in science
and in experiment station work has been
selected who should be able to interprei
in the Georgia station the spirit and tne
purpose of an experiment station. Mucn
of his success will depend, upon his cor
dial support in an attempt to bring the
station to a higher plane, but great diffi
culty will be experienced in meeting the
requirements of the station and making
it of greatest usefulness to the state witn-
out an appropriation from the state. The
need and the propriety of such state ap
propriations to supplement the appropria
tion of $30,000 annually from the federal
government has been very generally rec
ognized, and the state of Georgia has been
conspicuous by its failure to aid the sta
tion In its work or its equipment.
“I have taken the liberty of calling
your attention to these matters in order
that you may be advised of the situation
and may take such steps as seem ad
visable In the direction of a remedy. I
may say that in view of the present con- |
dition of the station and the unsatisfac- j
tory use It has made of its funds in the
past, this department will feel constrain
ed to insi$t on a very literal interpreta- j
tion of the laws in the future use of tne j
federal appropriations, and to recommend
tehir suspension if such conditions are
not maintained as enable a legal and ef
ficient use of these funds. This course
will naturally emphasize the necessity or
a state appropriation, which will relieve
the new director from pressure which the
station has been under In‘the past, and
enable a new policy to be Inaugurated.
“Very respectfully,
(Signed) “B. T. Galloway,
“Acting Secretary.’”
This is a badly neglected crop even
when a large acreage is grown, not one
field In a hundred making the profitable
crop that It might if proper drainage,
right soil praparation, and fertilization
were given the attention that the im
portance of the crop would indicate
should be given.
I have seen—all over the south—men
pulling up corn fodder for feed, when
they had many little pieces of the rich
est sort of bottom land, one acre of
which would have produced three times
the hay that an acre of corn blades will
make; and the harvesting of which
could have been done at one-fifth the
cost of the same amount of com fodder.
Let us clean up, right now, ten thou
sand of these little rich pieces, grub out
the bushes, plow as thoroughly as we
can, harrow until we have about ruined
the land. Then sow in an early matur
ing variety of peas and soy beans that
will mature in time to make hay of by
the middle of September. Then disk or
coulter the stubble until we have ruined
the land again, sow 600 poundes of burned
lime or 1,000 pounds of finely ground lime
rock per acre and harrow again (coulter-
ing would be better, as by that means
the working of the soil would be done
to a greater depth.) Then apply 500
pounds of 16 per cent add phosphate or
if a car of ground rock can be used in the
neigsborhood, use 250 pounds of the acid
and 500 pounds of the raw rock. Harrow
this in thoroughly and if located in the
clay sections, sow six pounds per acre oi
herdsgrass, six pounds of sapling clover,
and ix pounde of timothy. Harrow
lightly, and if the weather” be dry, roll
the land. On sandy soils, or in the hot
ter sections, I would leave out the tim
othy.
Now don’t neglect the deep working of
the soil; for while the grasses are shal
low-rooted plants they must* in order to
make large yields, have a continuous
supply of moisture, and the safest way
to increase this condition is to make a
torage reservoir for water, which means
a well drained, deeply broken, finely pul
verized soil, well filled with vegetable
mattr. And hay at 1 cent to 1 1-2 cents
per pound will pay well for liberal supJ
plies of mineral plant foods, especially
phoshorus.
A few of my friends who are tobaoed
growers followed my advice last sum
mer and seeded one to three acres each
of hay, using the above methods, and
they are as proud as can be over thd
magnificent crops of hay that are com
ing on toward the harvesting time*
Our Farm Life association is making* a 1
“gum shoe” campaign for more big
crops of hay in Rockingham county.
North Carolina, and I give it now as mjl
opinion that one county will be selling
hay in large quantities before you otheij
fellows wake up to the fact that big haj?
crops are about the most profitable
crops the hill farmers of the soutd
can produce.
It has been demonstrated time and
again, for some years past, that from
three to six tons of mixed hay prf
acre may be produced on our warm
clay and loam soils when we give at^
tention to the proper preparation of
the seed bed—so as to insure abundant
supplies of moisture—then are liberal
in the use of available plant foods.
The hay crop, you should remember,
too, is one that will remain for sevefcil
years after once seeding; producing
profitable crops and the close-growing
sod will prevent any washing of the
soil. One mowing machine will haneftg
twelve three-acre crops in a neighbor-J
hood and not be working a third o4
the time at that. The twelve ha jl
growers can purchase this machine at
a cost of $3 per man, or a dollar per
acre for the crop, and the machine will
do flrstclass work for ten years.
If the crop should average only two
and a half tons per acre, it would mean!
a gross income for these twelve faring
of $1,800 for the year, and net abovd
the cost of fertilizers $1,656. The aver
age farmer can prepare the three acred
of land and not know at the end of the
season that he had been doing any ex-(
tra work, and he can harvest the crop,
for about what it would cost him tc
haul the same amount of western hay
from the depot to his farm.
With this Six Pound Portable
Post Card Gallery
Mr. A. L. Wood, of Montana, made this
I money. We can prove it. Hundreds are making
[ money "hand over fist.” Letters and reports arrive
dally telling of wonderful success and big profits in
I this new, up-to-date business. A great, bigoppor-
I tunity for you to make $5,00 to $20.00 a day as
a "MANDEL” ONE-MINUTE PHOTOGRAPH
ER. Be a “portable post card gallery" man. Enjoy
the healthful, happy, independent, outdoor life.
Travel and see things. Make all your expenses
and save money besides. You need absolutely no
experience. Success comes to you at once—the
first day you begin work with the
“Mandel” Post Card Machine
A wonderful machine that takes, finishes
and delivers post card photographs and photo buttons
right on the spot {where the pictures are taken.
Machine makes five different styles ol photos. Easy to
operate—complete Instructions with outfit. All you do Is.
snap the bulb and pocket y oar pro fit a. Anew, sensational
K. photographic process—a wonderful discovery*
J91
TORNADO BRINGS TERROR
TO NORTHERN WISCONSIN
LA CROSSE. Wis., July 6.—Many
miles of telephone wires are down and
communication with rural districts Is
Impossible as the result of a tornado
this morning. Thousands of dollars of
damage was done to crops in this vicin
ity.
Th. Road to Sueeasa
with a “Mendel” Ma
chine. Big money
at fairs, picnics,
carnivals, aviation
fields, elrcusss.
small towns and
I a r st s cities—
EVERYWHERE.
All you do 1.,
r,
dl.covery-
Photos Direct on 0 'Post Cards — No Plates,
Films, Printing, or Dark Room
time whra
big profits. Everybody needs and buys photographs. The sale oT
your first supplies practically pays your entire investment,
you want to earn $2,000 this year? Then write at onoe.
the first in your section and reap the big profits. Inf<
free.
s either office.
ormatlon Is
.THE CHICAOO FERROTYPE COMPANY
»19 Fmrotyp. Bids. „ Dept. 719, Public Bank Bhf(.
Chicago. III. or New York. N. V.
A DAKOTA, GA. FARM
IS THE NEAREST GUT TO 1KDEPENDEN6E
YOUNG MAN BUY
26, 60 or 100-acre RED PEBBLE FARM, Improved and under cultivation,
on long, easy terms.
THESE FARMS WILL FAY FOR THEMSELVES.
WRITS TODAY for our DAKOTA FARMS BOOXLET.
COME ON to DAKOTA Thursday, Friday or Saturday of any week.
We are here to show crops to prove It.
G. C. McKenzie
Ashburn, Ga., Dakota, Ga.
Edwin P. Ansley
Realty Trust Bldg., Atlanta.
-am# Your
SAMPLE
SUIT FREE
If w« send you a sample sun
tailor-made rfgg&ja
to your own measurements No
and let you pay for It out of CASH
your profit on the first few
orders you take, will you act
as our local agent? Will you
accept a steady position that
will pay from $8 to $10 a day
—everyday? Send no money.
Bs Our BRANCH MANAGER
We want you and must have you
dressed better than anybody else.
Many making $60 to $200, a
week. It’s easy. You can do it.
Your friends will want Buit
like yours. Latest cut made-to-
measure sample suit will be sent]
you. Choice of hundreds of mod-|
els, all kinds of goods—samples
show you just whatyou and your
friends want—FREE, No exper
ience necessary. No capital.
We back you every way in your
exclusive territory. Everything
FREE. Write quick.
RELIABLE TAILORING COMPANY™
Dept. 613Y Reliable Bldg., Chicago,
l o?
. SO !
7 Stylo! ;
New Parcel Post Map and Chart
of Horse Remedies
We have just bought a large
number of New Four Leaf Charts,
which we are going to give with
The Semi-Weekly Journal. This
Chart contains a 1913 Calendar,
Pictures of our Presidents from
Washington to Wilson, a Chart of
Horse Ailments and Remedies,
giving Symptoms of Diseases and
How to Treat Them; a Parcel Post
Map of the United States, with
instructions; a large State Map of
your own state, besides other in
formation and statistics, valuable
in every household. We are giv
ing a Chart to each person sending
us One Dollar for the following
papers: The Semi-Weekly Jour
nal 18 months, Farm Life 12
months, and Every Day Life 12
months. Use coupon below.
we*#*'*
F.TTAW. • J
UsuihsaS 4
hi. ioycf „!.«,<t
' •• * wa
vivr-AV
tuns
■ > X
THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, Atlanta, Ga.
Enclosed find One Dollar, for which send me The Semi-Weekly Journal
18 months, Farm Life 12 months, and Every Day Life 12 months, and mail
me absolutely free your NEW Ready Reference* Parcel Post Chart.
NAME ;
P. O • .R. F. D STATE